Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Pontiac, Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC)More information: Quebec [Census division]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	14,764	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	14,251	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings²	10,143	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,665	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.2	...	...	1.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,824.36	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	14,765	7,400	7,365	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,205	1,105	1,100	14.9	14.9	14.9
0 to 4 years	690	355	340	4.7	4.8	4.6
5 to 9 years	750	375	375	5.1	5.1	5.1
10 to 14 years	765	375	390	5.2	5.1	5.3
15 to 64 years	8,635	4,370	4,265	58.5	59.1	57.9
15 to 19 years	660	355	305	4.5	4.8	4.1
20 to 24 years	660	350	315	4.5	4.7	4.3
25 to 29 years	645	335	305	4.4	4.5	4.1
30 to 34 years	755	380	375	5.1	5.1	5.1
35 to 39 years	675	330	340	4.6	4.5	4.6
40 to 44 years	710	350	360	4.8	4.7	4.9
45 to 49 years	740	380	365	5.0	5.1	5.0
50 to 54 years	955	475	480	6.5	6.4	6.5
55 to 59 years	1,385	705	680	9.4	9.5	9.2
60 to 64 years	1,455	715	735	9.9	9.7	10.0
65 years and over	3,920	1,925	1,995	26.5	26.0	27.1
65 to 69 years	1,330	680	650	9.0	9.2	8.8
70 to 74 years	1,070	525	545	7.2	7.1	7.4
75 to 79 years	770	395	380	5.2	5.3	5.2
80 to 84 years	415	200	210	2.8	2.7	2.9
85 years and over	335	120	210	2.3	1.6	2.9
85 to 89 years	195	85	110	1.3	1.1	1.5
90 to 94 years	120	30	95	0.8	0.4	1.3
95 to 99 years	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	14.9	14.9	14.9	14.9	14.9
15 to 64 years	58.5	59.1	57.9	58.5	59.1	57.9
65 years and over	26.5	26.0	27.1	26.5	26.0	27.1
85 years and over	2.3	1.6	2.9	2.3	1.6	2.9
Average age of the population	46.6	46.1	47.1	46.6	46.1	47.1
Median age of the population	52.0	51.6	52.4	52.0	51.6	52.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	5,840	...	...	87.6	...	...
Semi-detached house	185	...	...	2.8	...	...
Row house	70	...	...	1.1	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	130	...	...	2.0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	380	...	...	5.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	30	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,370	...	...	35.6	...	...
2 persons	2,445	...	...	36.7	...	...
3 persons	765	...	...	11.5	...	...
4 persons	680	...	...	10.2	...	...
5 or more persons	405	...	...	6.1	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,525	7,340	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	12,560	6,295	6,265	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	7,310	3,675	3,630	58.2	58.4	57.9
Married	5,730	2,895	2,840	45.6	46.0	45.3
Living common-law	1,580	780	795	12.6	12.4	12.7
Living common law - Never married	1,145	565	575	9.1	9.0	9.2
Living common law - Separated	50	30	25	0.4	0.5	0.4
Living common law - Divorced	350	175	175	2.8	2.8	2.8
Living common law - Widowed	40	10	25	0.3	0.2	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	5,245	2,620	2,630	41.8	41.6	42.0
Not married and not living common law - Never married	2,925	1,695	1,225	23.3	26.9	19.6
Not married and not living common law - Separated	245	125	120	2.0	2.0	1.9
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	985	520	460	7.8	8.3	7.3
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,095	280	815	8.7	4.4	13.0
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,570	...	...	60.3	...	...
3 persons	720	...	...	16.9	...	...
4 persons	645	...	...	15.1	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	7.4	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,260	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	3,580	...	...	84.0	...	...
Married couples	2,790	...	...	65.5	...	...
With children⁶	1,035	...	...	24.3	...	...
Without children	1,760	...	...	41.3	...	...
Common-law couples	790	...	...	18.5	...	...
With children⁶	395	...	...	9.3	...	...
Without children	400	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total one-parent families	680	...	...	16.0	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	505	...	...	11.9	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	170	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	14,525	7,335	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	11,610	5,815	5,795	79.9	79.3	80.6
Married spouses or common-law partners	7,170	3,585	3,580	49.4	48.9	49.8
Parents in one-parent families	675	170	510	4.6	2.3	7.1
Children⁶	3,765	2,060	1,705	25.9	28.1	23.7
In a two-parent family	2,705	1,455	1,245	18.6	19.8	17.3
In a one-parent family	1,065	600	460	7.3	8.2	6.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,915	1,520	1,395	20.1	20.7	19.4
Living alone	2,365	1,250	1,115	16.3	17.0	15.5
Living with other relatives⁷	280	130	155	1.9	1.8	2.2
Living with non-relatives only	265	135	125	1.8	1.8	1.7
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	3,870	...	...	58.1	...	...
Couple-family households	3,330	...	...	50.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,320	...	...	19.8	...	...
Without children	2,005	...	...	30.1	...	...
One-parent-family households	540	...	...	8.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	140	...	...	2.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	140	...	...	2.1	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	125	...	...	1.9	...	...
One-person households	2,365	...	...	35.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	12,330	6,235	6,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,995	6,075	5,920	97.3	97.4	97.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	36,800	31,600	34,000	36,800	31,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,995	6,075	5,920	97.3	97.4	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	31,200	33,200	29,400	31,200	33,200	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	9,750	5,035	4,715	79.1	80.8	77.3
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	27,800	31,400	24,000	27,800	31,400	24,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	7,315	3,915	3,400	59.3	62.8	55.7
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	30,000	33,200	26,600	30,000	33,200	26,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,380	5,125	5,250	84.2	82.2	86.1
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	14,000	14,000	14,100	14,000	14,000	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,495	960	540	12.1	15.4	8.9
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,320	6,800	5,720	6,320	6,800	5,720
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,595	1,405	1,185	21.0	22.5	19.4
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	12,330	6,230	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,935	6,100	5,835	96.8	97.9	95.7
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,880	45,280	38,320	41,880	45,280	38,320
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,935	6,100	5,835	96.8	97.9	95.7
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,760	38,000	33,400	35,760	38,000	33,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	9,760	5,065	4,695	79.2	81.3	77.0
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	36,600	40,800	32,040	36,600	40,800	32,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,315	3,930	3,380	59.3	63.1	55.5
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,440	42,360	33,920	38,440	42,360	33,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,345	5,195	5,150	83.9	83.4	84.5
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	13,800	13,440	14,180	13,800	13,440	14,180
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,515	955	555	12.3	15.3	9.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,440	7,680	7,040	7,440	7,680	7,040
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,585	1,390	1,195	21.0	22.3	19.6
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,220	7,880	8,600	8,220	7,880	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	12,330	6,235	6,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,265	1,805	1,455	26.5	28.9	23.9
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	51,600	51,200	51,600	51,600	51,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	56,100	57,850	53,900	56,100	57,850	53,900
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,945	1,535	1,410	23.9	24.6	23.1
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,600	22,000	15,600	18,600	22,000	15,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,520	33,480	20,980	27,520	33,480	20,980
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	71.4	74.8	67.4	71.4	74.8	67.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	56.3	60.3	51.3	56.3	60.3	51.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	28.6	25.2	32.7	28.6	25.2	32.7
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.3	2.7	1.7	2.3	2.7	1.7
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.3	4.8	5.9	5.3	4.8	5.9
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.3	4.0	4.6	4.3	4.0	4.6
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	12,330	6,235	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	335	160	180	2.7	2.6	3.0
With total income	11,995	6,075	5,920	97.3	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	970	430	545	8.1	7.1	9.2
$10,000 to $19,999	1,975	930	1,045	16.5	15.3	17.7
$20,000 to $29,999	2,365	1,140	1,225	19.7	18.8	20.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,595	780	820	13.3	12.8	13.9
$40,000 to $49,999	1,440	735	700	12.0	12.1	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	1,100	575	530	9.2	9.5	9.0
$60,000 to $69,999	770	435	335	6.4	7.2	5.7
$70,000 to $79,999	570	330	235	4.8	5.4	4.0
$80,000 to $89,999	360	200	160	3.0	3.3	2.7
$90,000 to $99,999	230	125	105	1.9	2.1	1.8
$100,000 and over	620	400	225	5.2	6.6	3.8
$100,000 to $149,999	460	280	185	3.8	4.6	3.1
$150,000 and over	160	115	45	1.3	1.9	0.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	12,330	6,235	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	335	160	180	2.7	2.6	3.0
With after-tax income	11,995	6,075	5,920	97.3	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,035	445	585	8.6	7.3	9.9
$10,000 to $19,999	2,050	975	1,075	17.1	16.0	18.2
$20,000 to $29,999	2,670	1,285	1,380	22.3	21.2	23.3
$30,000 to $39,999	1,935	985	955	16.1	16.2	16.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,670	875	790	13.9	14.4	13.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,100	615	490	9.2	10.1	8.3
$60,000 to $69,999	640	370	270	5.3	6.1	4.6
$70,000 to $79,999	350	185	165	2.9	3.0	2.8
$80,000 to $89,999	190	115	75	1.6	1.9	1.3
$90,000 to $99,999	125	60	65	1.0	1.0	1.1
$100,000 and over	230	165	70	1.9	2.7	1.2
$100,000 to $124,999	135	95	45	1.1	1.6	0.8
$125,000 and over	90	70	25	0.8	1.2	0.4
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	12,330	6,235	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,015	2,315	2,695	40.7	37.1	44.2
With employment income	7,315	3,915	3,400	59.3	62.8	55.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,170	605	560	16.0	15.5	16.5
$5,000 to $9,999	575	275	295	7.9	7.0	8.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,050	500	550	14.4	12.8	16.2
$20,000 to $29,999	855	420	435	11.7	10.7	12.8
$30,000 to $39,999	735	395	340	10.0	10.1	10.0
$40,000 to $49,999	700	360	340	9.6	9.2	10.0
$50,000 to $59,999	615	360	250	8.4	9.2	7.4
$60,000 to $69,999	430	260	165	5.9	6.6	4.9
$70,000 to $79,999	320	200	125	4.4	5.1	3.7
$80,000 to $89,999	250	140	115	3.4	3.6	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	170	100	70	2.3	2.6	2.1
$100,000 and over	450	295	150	6.2	7.5	4.4
$100,000 to $124,999	260	170	95	3.6	4.3	2.8
$125,000 and over	185	130	60	2.5	3.3	1.8
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	12,330	6,235	6,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,825	5,990	5,840	95.9	96.1	95.7
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,800	36,000	28,400	31,800	36,000	28,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	11,840	5,990	5,850	96.0	96.1	95.9
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	29,200	32,400	26,600	29,200	32,400	26,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,720	5,010	4,710	78.8	80.4	77.2
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	28,800	33,600	24,600	28,800	33,600	24,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	7,490	3,970	3,520	60.7	63.7	57.7
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,600	35,200	25,600	30,600	35,200	25,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	9,780	4,770	5,015	79.3	76.5	82.2
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,000	10,300	11,300	11,000	10,300	11,300
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,480	915	565	12.0	14.7	9.3
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,160	6,850	5,040	6,160	6,850	5,040
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	12,330	6,230	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,775	6,025	5,745	95.5	96.7	94.3
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	40,120	44,760	35,280	40,120	44,760	35,280
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	11,780	6,025	5,755	95.5	96.7	94.4
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,040	37,080	30,840	34,040	37,080	30,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,695	5,015	4,680	78.6	80.5	76.8
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,240	43,000	31,040	37,240	43,000	31,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	7,515	4,020	3,495	60.9	64.5	57.3
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	37,880	43,120	31,840	37,880	43,120	31,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	9,655	4,795	4,855	78.3	77.0	79.7
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	11,530	11,210	11,850	11,530	11,210	11,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,555	935	625	12.6	15.0	10.3
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,250	7,000	7,640	7,250	7,000	7,640
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	12,330	6,235	6,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	3,240	1,790	1,450	26.3	28.7	23.8
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	48,800	50,800	45,600	48,800	50,800	45,600
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	52,800	57,000	47,600	52,800	57,000	47,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	2,765	1,465	1,295	22.4	23.5	21.2
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,000	25,600	19,000	22,000	25,600	19,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,680	38,320	24,180	31,680	38,320	24,180
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	76.4	80.0	71.6	76.4	80.0	71.6
Employment income (%)	60.3	64.4	54.9	60.3	64.4	54.9
Government transfers (%)	23.6	20.0	28.4	23.6	20.0	28.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	2.4	2.4	2.3	2.4	2.4	2.3
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,665	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	60,800	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,365	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,800	...	...	29,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	28,200	...	...	28,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	4,295	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,665	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	64,000	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,360	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	39,920	...	...	39,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	34,520	...	...	34,520	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	4,305	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	94,200	...	...	94,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	80,200	...	...	80,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	1.1	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	1.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	260	...	...	3.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	540	...	...	8.1	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	355	...	...	5.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	5.0	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	340	...	...	5.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	5.2	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	320	...	...	4.8	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	590	...	...	8.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	500	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	450	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	365	...	...	5.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	335	...	...	5.0	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,710	...	...	25.7	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	635	...	...	9.5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	435	...	...	6.5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	380	...	...	5.7	...	...
$200,000 and over	255	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	0.7	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	1.9	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	270	...	...	4.1	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	570	...	...	8.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	400	...	...	6.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	365	...	...	5.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	410	...	...	6.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	395	...	...	5.9	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	365	...	...	5.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	670	...	...	10.1	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	585	...	...	8.8	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	6.8	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	435	...	...	6.5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...	5.3	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,145	...	...	17.2	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	535	...	...	8.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	300	...	...	4.5	...	...
$150,000 and over	300	...	...	4.5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,220	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	72,500	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,020	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	62,000	...	...	62,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,450	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	116,000	...	...	116,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	98,000	...	...	98,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	635	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	58,400	...	...	58,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...	53,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,630	1,390	1,240	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	30,000	28,800	29,400	30,000	28,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	27,800	28,400	27,400	27,800	28,400	27,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,215	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	94,100	...	...	94,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,030	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	81,600	...	...	81,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	69,300	...	...	69,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,455	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	123,800	...	...	123,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	104,100	...	...	104,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	635	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	63,600	...	...	63,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,000	...	...	57,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,660	1,420	1,240	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,960	39,040	38,900	38,960	39,040	38,900
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	33,760	33,640	33,900	33,760	33,640	33,900
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,605	1,320	1,285	17.9	18.0	17.9
0 to 5 years	830	430	400	5.7	5.9	5.6
18 to 64 years	8,145	4,120	4,025	56.1	56.1	56.0
65 years and over	3,780	1,895	1,880	26.0	25.8	26.2
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,565	1,320	1,250	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	425	230	195	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	140	85	55	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	1,245	650	600	...	...	...
65 years and over	895	440	455	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.7	17.9	17.4	17.7	17.9	17.4
0 to 17 years (%)	16.3	17.4	15.2	16.3	17.4	15.2
0 to 5 years (%)	16.8	18.8	14.8	16.8	18.8	14.8
18 to 64 years (%)	15.3	15.7	14.9	15.3	15.7	14.9
65 years and over (%)	23.7	23.1	24.3	23.7	23.1	24.3
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	14,525	7,335	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,600	1,315	1,285	17.9	17.9	17.9
0 to 5 years	835	435	405	5.7	5.9	5.6
18 to 64 years	8,145	4,125	4,020	56.1	56.2	55.9
65 years and over	3,775	1,895	1,880	26.0	25.8	26.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	440	235	210	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	60	25	30	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	330	180	155	...	...	...
65 years and over	60	30	25	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.2	2.9	3.1	3.2	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	2.2	2.0	2.4	2.2	2.0	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	2.4	2.4	2.0	2.4	2.4	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.4	3.8	4.1	4.4	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.7	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.3
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	9,580	4,760	4,815	66.0	64.9	67.0
In bottom decile	2,150	1,115	1,030	14.8	15.2	14.3
In second decile	2,160	1,015	1,145	14.9	13.8	15.9
In third decile	1,915	930	980	13.2	12.7	13.6
In fourth decile	1,770	885	885	12.2	12.1	12.3
In fifth decile	1,590	815	780	10.9	11.1	10.9
In top half of the distribution	4,950	2,575	2,370	34.1	35.1	33.0
In sixth decile	1,365	720	640	9.4	9.8	8.9
In seventh decile	1,265	635	625	8.7	8.7	8.7
In eighth decile	1,040	535	505	7.2	7.3	7.0
In ninth decile	770	420	350	5.3	5.7	4.9
In top decile	510	265	240	3.5	3.6	3.3
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	14,525	...	...	14,525	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.311	...	...	0.311	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.483	...	...	0.483	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.269	...	...	0.269	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	14,585	7,355	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	6,320	3,280	3,035	43.3	44.6	41.9
French only	680	320	360	4.7	4.4	5.0
English and French	7,580	3,750	3,830	52.0	51.0	52.9
Neither English nor French	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	14,585	7,355	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,880	4,455	4,425	60.9	60.6	61.2
French	5,580	2,835	2,740	38.3	38.5	37.9
English and French	125	65	60	0.9	0.9	0.8
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	14,585	7,355	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,075	7,080	6,990	96.5	96.3	96.6
Official languages	13,880	6,995	6,890	95.2	95.1	95.2
English	8,395	4,215	4,180	57.6	57.3	57.8
French	5,490	2,785	2,705	37.6	37.9	37.4
Non-official languages	185	90	100	1.3	1.2	1.4
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	185	85	100	1.3	1.2	1.4
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	145	65	80	1.0	0.9	1.1
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Russian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	0.5	0.4	0.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.5
German	55	25	25	0.4	0.3	0.3
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Dutch	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Romanian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Spanish	15	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	515	275	245	3.5	3.7	3.4
English and French	490	260	230	3.4	3.5	3.2
English and non-official language(s)	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	14,585	7,355	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	8,930	4,540	4,390	61.2	61.7	60.7
French	3,945	1,990	1,950	27.0	27.1	27.0
Non-official language	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	20	15	5	0.1	0.2	0.1
English and French	1,565	755	810	10.7	10.3	11.2
English and non-official language(s)	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.6
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	14,585	7,355	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	14,200	7,180	7,025	97.4	97.6	97.1
Official languages	14,155	7,155	7,000	97.1	97.3	96.8
English	9,650	4,885	4,765	66.2	66.4	65.9
French	4,505	2,270	2,230	30.9	30.9	30.8
Non-official languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
German	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	385	175	210	2.6	2.4	2.9
English and French	360	165	195	2.5	2.2	2.7
English and non-official language(s)	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	14,585	7,355	7,235	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	13,270	6,715	6,555	91.0	91.3	90.6
English	570	285	290	3.9	3.9	4.0
French	660	315	345	4.5	4.3	4.8
Non-official language	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	55	25	30	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	13,935	7,080	6,855	95.9	96.5	95.4
French	8,155	4,010	4,145	56.1	54.6	57.7
Non-official languages	405	195	215	2.8	2.7	3.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	400	195	210	2.8	2.7	2.9
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	325	165	160	2.2	2.2	2.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	45	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	105	50	55	0.7	0.7	0.8
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	85	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
German	85	50	40	0.6	0.7	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	100	65	1.2	1.4	0.9
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	145	85	55	1.0	1.2	0.8
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
American Sign Language	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	2,420	1,250	1,165	16.7	17.0	16.2
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	2,290	1,190	1,105	15.8	16.2	15.4
First Nations (North American Indian)	700	355	340	4.8	4.8	4.7
Métis	1,595	835	765	11.0	11.4	10.6
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	65	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.6
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	60	40	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Non-Indigenous identity	12,105	6,085	6,015	83.3	82.9	83.7
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	375	245	130	2.6	3.3	1.8
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,145	7,090	7,060	97.4	96.6	98.3
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	5,250	...	...	78.8	...	...
Renter	1,415	...	...	21.2	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	205	...	...	3.1	...	...
Not condominium	6,460	...	...	96.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
1 bedroom	625	...	...	9.4	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,805	...	...	27.1	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,675	...	...	40.1	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,560	...	...	23.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,285	...	...	19.3	...	...
5 rooms	1,275	...	...	19.1	...	...
6 rooms	1,325	...	...	19.9	...	...
7 rooms	960	...	...	14.4	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,820	...	...	27.3	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,590	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	75	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,480	...	...	97.2	...	...
Not suitable	185	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	2,310	...	...	34.7	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,085	...	...	31.3	...	...
1981 to 1990	775	...	...	11.6	...	...
1991 to 2000	570	...	...	8.6	...	...
2001 to 2005	220	...	...	3.3	...	...
2006 to 2010	215	...	...	3.2	...	...
2011 to 2015	255	...	...	3.8	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	230	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	5,745	...	...	86.2	...	...
Major repairs needed	920	...	...	13.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	3,890	...	...	58.4	...	...
Two-maintainer household	2,585	...	...	38.8	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	190	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	2.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	660	...	...	9.9	...	...
35 to 44 years	675	...	...	10.1	...	...
45 to 54 years	980	...	...	14.7	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,650	...	...	24.8	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,545	...	...	23.2	...	...
75 to 84 years	870	...	...	13.1	...	...
85 years and over	155	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,475	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,795	...	...	89.5	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	680	...	...	10.5	...	...
30% to less than 100%	635	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,665	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	1,640	...	...	24.6	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	555	...	...	8.3	...	...
Not suitable only	160	...	...	2.4	...	...
Major repairs needed only	780	...	...	11.7	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	5,025	...	...	75.4	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,435	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	830	...	...	12.9	...	...
Not in core need	5,600	...	...	87.0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,095	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	42.6	...	...	42.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.8	...	...	7.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	10.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	556	...	...	556	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	741	...	...	741	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	250,200	...	...	250,200	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,415	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.6	...	...	16.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.9	...	...	19.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	23.4	...	...	23.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	632	...	...	632	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	633	...	...	633	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	14,520	7,335	7,190	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	1,620	800	825	11.2	10.9	11.5
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	1,560	765	795	10.7	10.4	11.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	1,005	530	480	6.9	7.2	6.7
Métis single ancestry	555	235	320	3.8	3.2	4.5
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	60	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	60	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	1,960	910	1,045	13.5	12.4	14.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	1,925	895	1,035	13.3	12.2	14.4
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	1,400	665	735	9.6	9.1	10.2
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	520	225	295	3.6	3.1	4.1
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	10,945	5,630	5,315	75.4	76.8	73.9
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	14,520	7,335	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	14,440	7,290	7,150	99.4	99.4	99.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,625	1,275	1,345	18.1	17.4	18.7
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,815	6,010	5,800	81.4	81.9	80.7
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	85	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.6
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	14,520	7,335	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	14,175	7,165	7,010	97.6	97.7	97.6
Immigrants⁸¹	335	170	165	2.3	2.3	2.3
Before 1980	150	85	60	1.0	1.2	0.8
1980 to 1990	55	35	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
1991 to 2000	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.3
2001 to 2010	75	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
2011 to 2015	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
2016 to 2021	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Non-permanent residents⁸³	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	335	165	165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	70	25	40	20.9	15.2	24.2
5 to 14 years	70	35	35	20.9	21.2	21.2
15 to 24 years	55	45	10	16.4	27.3	6.1
25 to 44 years	105	45	55	31.3	27.3	33.3
45 years and over	35	20	20	10.4	12.1	12.1
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	335	165	165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	90	55	35	26.9	33.3	21.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	10	0	0	3.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	70	45	30	20.9	27.3	18.2
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	165	95	70	49.3	57.6	42.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	3.0	6.1	0.0
Germany	30	15	15	9.0	9.1	9.1
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	15	0	10	4.5	0.0	6.1
Poland	15	10	0	4.5	6.1	0.0
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	60	40	25	17.9	24.2	15.2
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	30	10	25	9.0	6.1	15.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	0	10	6.0	0.0	6.1
Asia	45	0	35	13.4	0.0	21.2
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	10	0	10	3.0	0.0	6.1
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	3.0	0.0	6.1
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	35	10	25	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	25	10	15	71.4	100.0	60.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	420	205	220	2.9	2.8	3.1
Second generation¹⁰¹	635	350	280	4.4	4.8	3.9
Third generation or more¹⁰²	13,465	6,785	6,690	92.7	92.4	93.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	185	85	105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	85	35	50	45.9	41.2	47.6
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	30	25	0	16.2	29.4	0.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	55	10	45	29.7	11.8	42.9
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	85	35	50	45.9	41.2	47.6
Refugees¹⁰⁸	15	10	0	8.1	11.8	0.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	185	85	105	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	15	15	16.2	17.6	14.3
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	145	70	80	78.4	82.4	76.2
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	190	85	105	1.3	1.2	1.5
South Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Black	50	25	35	0.3	0.3	0.5
Filipino	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Arab	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin American	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Southeast Asian	25	20	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
West Asian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	14,335	7,255	7,080	98.7	98.8	98.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	3,285	1,635	1,650	22.6	22.3	23.0
English	1,635	820	815	11.3	11.2	11.3
Irish	4,185	2,050	2,135	28.8	27.9	29.7
Scottish	2,115	975	1,145	14.6	13.3	15.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	3,585	1,765	1,820	24.7	24.0	25.3
German	1,190	615	575	8.2	8.4	8.0
Chinese	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Italian	140	75	65	1.0	1.0	0.9
Indian (India)	95	50	40	0.7	0.7	0.6
Ukrainian	90	50	45	0.6	0.7	0.6
Dutch	180	75	110	1.2	1.0	1.5
Polish	475	205	270	3.3	2.8	3.8
Québécois	415	200	210	2.9	2.7	2.9
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	205	120	85	1.4	1.6	1.2
Filipino	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
French Canadian	965	535	430	6.6	7.3	6.0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	345	165	185	2.4	2.2	2.6
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	675	325	360	4.6	4.4	5.0
Métis	1,170	510	655	8.1	6.9	9.1
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	110	60	50	0.8	0.8	0.7
Russian	70	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.5
Norwegian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Welsh	160	50	105	1.1	0.7	1.5
Portuguese	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
American	70	40	25	0.5	0.5	0.3
Spanish	40	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Swedish	65	55	10	0.4	0.7	0.1
Hungarian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Acadian	105	65	40	0.7	0.9	0.6
Pakistani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jewish	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	60	45	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Lebanese	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Iranian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	95	35	65	0.7	0.5	0.9
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	550	245	300	3.8	3.3	4.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Belgian	105	30	80	0.7	0.4	1.1
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexican	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mennonite	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Swiss	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	190	90	95	1.3	1.2	1.3
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moroccan	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Newfoundlander	30	25	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	35	30	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	850	450	395	5.9	6.1	5.5
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chilean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	85	25	60	0.6	0.3	0.8
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.3
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	45	0	35	0.3	0.0	0.5
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	55	50	0	0.4	0.7	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Norman	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	14,525	7,340	7,185	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Christian	11,980	5,950	6,030	82.5	81.1	83.9
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	565	290	275	3.9	4.0	3.8
Anabaptist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anglican	680	315	365	4.7	4.3	5.1
Baptist	40	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
Catholic	8,570	4,345	4,225	59.0	59.2	58.8
Christian Orthodox	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Jehovah's Witness	30	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.2
Latter Day Saints	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	165	70	95	1.1	1.0	1.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	105	60	55	0.7	0.8	0.8
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	250	115	135	1.7	1.6	1.9
Presbyterian	140	70	70	1.0	1.0	1.0
Reformed	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Church	775	350	430	5.3	4.8	6.0
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	625	305	325	4.3	4.2	4.5
Hindu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jewish	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Muslim	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other religions and spiritual traditions	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
No religion and secular perspectives	2,445	1,340	1,105	16.8	18.3	15.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	14,435	7,295	7,140	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	13,065	6,610	6,450	90.5	90.6	90.3
Movers	1,370	680	690	9.5	9.3	9.7
Non-migrants	390	225	160	2.7	3.1	2.2
Migrants	985	450	530	6.8	6.2	7.4
Internal migrants	935	440	500	6.5	6.0	7.0
Intraprovincial migrants	510	235	265	3.5	3.2	3.7
Interprovincial migrants	430	195	230	3.0	2.7	3.2
External migrants	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	13,885	7,050	6,830	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	9,275	4,745	4,535	66.8	67.3	66.4
Movers	4,600	2,310	2,295	33.1	32.8	33.6
Non-migrants	1,090	565	520	7.9	8.0	7.6
Migrants	3,515	1,745	1,775	25.3	24.8	26.0
Internal migrants	3,430	1,715	1,715	24.7	24.3	25.1
Intraprovincial migrants	2,350	1,210	1,135	16.9	17.2	16.6
Interprovincial migrants	1,085	505	580	7.8	7.2	8.5
External migrants	80	30	60	0.6	0.4	0.9
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,330	6,235	6,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,955	2,345	1,610	32.1	37.6	26.4
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,370	3,890	4,485	67.9	62.4	73.5
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,215	3,570	3,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,880	1,235	645	26.1	34.6	17.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	5,335	2,335	3,000	73.9	65.4	82.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	12,330	6,230	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,630	2,110	1,525	29.4	33.9	25.0
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	3,490	1,755	1,730	28.3	28.2	28.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,210	2,370	2,840	42.3	38.0	46.6
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,255	2,000	2,250	34.5	32.1	36.9
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,675	1,055	620	13.6	16.9	10.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	1,050	580	470	8.5	9.3	7.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	620	475	150	5.0	7.6	2.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,455	925	1,530	19.9	14.8	25.1
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	25	105	1.1	0.4	1.7
Bachelor's degree or higher	955	365	585	7.7	5.9	9.6
Bachelor's degree	705	240	465	5.7	3.9	7.6
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	45	30	0.6	0.7	0.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	0	0.2	0.2	0.0
Master's degree	110	40	70	0.9	0.6	1.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	45	30	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	7,215	3,570	3,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,690	1,105	590	23.4	31.0	16.2
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,055	1,010	1,045	28.5	28.3	28.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,470	1,455	2,015	48.1	40.8	55.3
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,875	1,265	1,605	39.8	35.4	44.0
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,095	655	445	15.2	18.3	12.2
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	685	350	340	9.5	9.8	9.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	410	305	105	5.7	8.5	2.9
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,720	615	1,100	23.8	17.2	30.2
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	0	60	0.8	0.0	1.6
Bachelor's degree or higher	595	190	405	8.2	5.3	11.1
Bachelor's degree	460	130	325	6.4	3.6	8.9
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	25	20	0.6	0.7	0.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Master's degree	65	10	50	0.9	0.3	1.4
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	30	20	10	0.4	0.6	0.3
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	12,330	6,235	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	7,120	3,860	3,260	57.7	61.9	53.5
Education	375	65	300	3.0	1.0	4.9
13. Education	375	65	300	3.0	1.0	4.9
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	55	25	0.6	0.9	0.4
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	80	50	25	0.6	0.8	0.4
Humanities	215	85	130	1.7	1.4	2.1
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	15	35	0.4	0.2	0.6
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
54. History	30	10	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	465	95	370	3.8	1.5	6.1
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	20	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	180	0	175	1.5	0.0	2.9
22. Legal professions and studies	60	15	45	0.5	0.2	0.7
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	80	0	75	0.6	0.0	1.2
45. Social sciences	100	45	55	0.8	0.7	0.9
Business, management and public administration	1,030	150	880	8.4	2.4	14.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	30	85	0.9	0.5	1.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	915	125	795	7.4	2.0	13.0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	40	35	0.6	0.6	0.6
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	60	40	0.8	1.0	0.7
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	60	35	0.7	1.0	0.6
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,325	1,280	50	10.7	20.5	0.8
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
14. Engineering	35	20	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	310	295	10	2.5	4.7	0.2
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	410	405	0	3.3	6.5	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	345	335	10	2.8	5.4	0.2
48. Precision production	220	205	10	1.8	3.3	0.2
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	250	185	60	2.0	3.0	1.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	75	55	1.1	1.2	0.9
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	110	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Health and related fields	860	100	765	7.0	1.6	12.6
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	820	85	740	6.7	1.4	12.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	430	245	185	3.5	3.9	3.0
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	190	35	160	1.5	0.6	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	115	90	30	0.9	1.4	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	105	0	0.9	1.7	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	7,215	3,565	3,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,745	2,115	1,630	51.9	59.3	44.7
Education	175	30	145	2.4	0.8	4.0
13. Education	175	30	145	2.4	0.8	4.0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	25	20	0.7	0.7	0.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	50	25	20	0.7	0.7	0.5
Humanities	150	60	85	2.1	1.7	2.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0.2	0.0	0.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
54. History	20	10	15	0.3	0.3	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	15	10	0.3	0.4	0.3
Social and behavioural sciences and law	350	45	305	4.9	1.3	8.4
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	15	0.3	0.0	0.4
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	150	0	150	2.1	0.0	4.1
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	35	0.5	0.0	1.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
42. Psychology	65	0	65	0.9	0.0	1.8
45. Social sciences	65	30	40	0.9	0.8	1.1
Business, management and public administration	690	85	610	9.6	2.4	16.7
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	55	0.9	0.4	1.5
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	625	70	550	8.7	2.0	15.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	10	0.5	0.7	0.3
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	0.2	0.3	0.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	40	40	1.1	1.1	1.1
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	40	40	1.0	1.1	1.1
25. Library science	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	835	810	25	11.6	22.7	0.7
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
14. Engineering	20	10	10	0.3	0.3	0.3
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	200	195	0	2.8	5.5	0.0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	260	255	0	3.6	7.2	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	195	185	10	2.7	5.2	0.3
48. Precision production	155	155	0	2.1	4.3	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	195	130	65	2.7	3.6	1.8
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	110	55	55	1.5	1.5	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	85	0	1.2	2.4	0.0
Health and related fields	610	50	565	8.5	1.4	15.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	600	50	550	8.3	1.4	15.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	300	155	140	4.2	4.3	3.8
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	140	20	120	1.9	0.6	3.3
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	80	60	20	1.1	1.7	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0	0.9	1.8	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	7,215	3,565	3,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,745	2,115	1,630	51.9	59.3	44.7
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	3,470	1,460	2,010	48.1	41.0	55.1
Location of study inside Canada	3,410	1,430	1,985	47.3	40.1	54.5
Same as province or territory of residence	1,700	655	1,045	23.6	18.4	28.7
Different than province or territory of residence	1,715	775	940	23.8	21.7	25.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	60	30	30	0.8	0.8	0.8
Americas	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
United States of America	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.3
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Europe	40	25	15	0.6	0.7	0.4
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	10	10	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	12,330	6,230	6,095	...	...	...
In the labour force	6,295	3,370	2,925	...	...	...
Employed	5,735	3,090	2,645	...	...	...
Unemployed	560	285	275	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	6,030	2,860	3,170	...	...	...
Participation rate	51.1	54.1	48.0	51.1	54.1	48.0
Employment rate	46.5	49.6	43.4	46.5	49.6	43.4
Unemployment rate	8.9	8.5	9.4	8.9	8.5	9.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	12,325	6,235	6,095	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	5,800	2,730	3,070	47.1	43.8	50.4
Worked	6,530	3,500	3,030	53.0	56.1	49.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	3,380	1,860	1,520	27.4	29.8	24.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	3,145	1,635	1,510	25.5	26.2	24.8
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	41.1	41.3	41.2	41.1	41.3
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	6,295	3,375	2,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	70	2.2	1.9	2.4
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	6,155	3,305	2,850	97.8	97.9	97.4
Employee	5,180	2,665	2,520	82.3	79.0	86.2
Permanent position	4,190	2,155	2,030	66.6	63.9	69.4
Temporary position	995	505	490	15.8	15.0	16.8
Fixed term (1 year or more)	270	110	160	4.3	3.3	5.5
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	730	400	330	11.6	11.9	11.3
Self-employed¹⁹²	975	640	335	15.5	19.0	11.5
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	6,295	3,375	2,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	70	2.2	1.9	2.4
All occupations¹⁹¹	6,155	3,305	2,850	97.8	97.9	97.4
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	50	35	15	0.8	1.0	0.5
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	795	150	650	12.6	4.4	22.2
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	245	185	65	3.9	5.5	2.2
3 Health occupations	505	65	440	8.0	1.9	15.0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	790	180	610	12.5	5.3	20.9
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	10	20	0.6	0.3	0.7
6 Sales and service occupations	1,240	405	830	19.7	12.0	28.4
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,835	1,725	110	29.2	51.1	3.8
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	425	335	85	6.8	9.9	2.9
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	240	205	30	3.8	6.1	1.0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	6,295	3,375	2,925	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	140	65	70	2.2	1.9	2.4
All industries¹⁹¹	6,155	3,305	2,850	97.8	97.9	97.4
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	335	225	110	5.3	6.7	3.8
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	115	0	1.8	3.4	0.0
22 Utilities	55	55	0	0.9	1.6	0.0
23 Construction	935	875	60	14.9	25.9	2.1
31-33 Manufacturing	380	330	55	6.0	9.8	1.9
41 Wholesale trade	90	60	35	1.4	1.8	1.2
44-45 Retail trade	660	270	390	10.5	8.0	13.3
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	320	235	85	5.1	7.0	2.9
51 Information and cultural industries	30	20	15	0.5	0.6	0.5
52 Finance and insurance	115	25	80	1.8	0.7	2.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	40	30	1.0	1.2	1.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	190	105	90	3.0	3.1	3.1
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	235	175	60	3.7	5.2	2.1
61 Educational services	505	115	390	8.0	3.4	13.3
62 Health care and social assistance	960	110	855	15.3	3.3	29.2
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	50	20	1.1	1.5	0.7
72 Accommodation and food services	235	80	155	3.7	2.4	5.3
81 Other services (except public administration)	240	130	110	3.8	3.9	3.8
91 Public administration	615	290	330	9.8	8.6	11.3
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	6,930	3,685	3,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	3,835	2,260	1,580	55.3	61.3	48.7
French	965	500	470	13.9	13.6	14.5
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	2,120	925	1,195	30.6	25.1	36.8
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	6,930	3,685	3,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	6,500	3,510	2,995	93.8	95.3	92.3
Official languages	6,500	3,510	2,995	93.8	95.3	92.3
English	4,810	2,670	2,145	69.4	72.5	66.1
French	1,685	835	850	24.3	22.7	26.2
Non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	430	180	255	6.2	4.9	7.9
English and French	430	180	255	6.2	4.9	7.9
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	6,930	3,685	3,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	5,235	2,935	2,300	75.5	79.6	70.9
English	720	340	380	10.4	9.2	11.7
French	970	405	560	14.0	11.0	17.3
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	5,735	3,085	2,645	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	850	370	480	14.8	12.0	18.1
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,060	920	140	18.5	29.8	5.3
Usual place of work	3,820	1,800	2,020	66.6	58.3	76.4
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	3,820	1,800	2,020	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	960	395	565	25.1	21.9	28.0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,320	460	860	34.6	25.6	42.6
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	300	195	110	7.9	10.8	5.4
Commute to a different province or territory	1,245	750	490	32.6	41.7	24.3
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	4,885	2,720	2,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,450	2,485	1,965	91.1	91.4	90.8
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,145	2,325	1,815	84.9	85.5	83.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	305	160	145	6.2	5.9	6.7
Public transit	50	15	25	1.0	0.6	1.2
Walked	230	100	135	4.7	3.7	6.2
Bicycle	20	15	0	0.4	0.6	0.0
Other method	140	100	40	2.9	3.7	1.8
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	4,885	2,720	2,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	1,715	760	955	35.1	27.9	44.1
15 to 29 minutes	1,010	505	505	20.7	18.6	23.3
30 to 44 minutes	910	485	425	18.6	17.8	19.6
45 to 59 minutes	285	190	100	5.8	7.0	4.6
60 minutes and over	955	775	175	19.5	28.5	8.1
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	4,885	2,720	2,165	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	720	560	165	14.7	20.6	7.6
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	985	690	300	20.2	25.4	13.9
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,290	620	670	26.4	22.8	30.9
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	885	300	585	18.1	11.0	27.0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	225	70	160	4.6	2.6	7.4
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	770	480	290	15.8	17.6	13.4
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,650	1,350	1,305	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,760	915	845	66.4	67.8	64.8
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	890	435	455	33.6	32.2	34.9
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,900	965	935	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,275	660	610	67.1	68.4	65.2
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	1,020	555	465	53.7	57.5	49.7
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	255	110	145	13.4	11.4	15.5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	630	300	325	33.2	31.1	34.8

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 25, 2024).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2023-02-01

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