Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	St. Catharines - NiagaraMore information: Ontario [Census metropolitan area]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	433,604	...	...
Population, 2016¹	406,074	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	6.8	...	...
Total private dwellings²	190,878	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	179,224	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	310.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,397.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	433,605	210,895	222,710
0 to 14 years	62,800	32,245	30,555
0 to 4 years	19,555	10,105	9,450
5 to 9 years	21,160	10,885	10,280
10 to 14 years	22,085	11,250	10,825
15 to 64 years	268,310	132,105	136,200
15 to 19 years	22,615	11,770	10,850
20 to 24 years	24,930	12,835	12,095
25 to 29 years	26,400	13,360	13,050
30 to 34 years	26,150	13,060	13,085
35 to 39 years	24,785	12,100	12,680
40 to 44 years	23,985	11,670	12,315
45 to 49 years	24,990	12,125	12,865
50 to 54 years	27,735	13,380	14,355
55 to 59 years	33,310	16,035	17,270
60 to 64 years	33,405	15,765	17,640
65 years and over	102,495	46,540	55,955
65 to 69 years	30,475	14,410	16,070
70 to 74 years	26,870	12,690	14,180
75 to 79 years	18,590	8,770	9,815
80 to 84 years	12,730	5,620	7,110
85 years and over	13,840	5,050	8,785
85 to 89 years	8,145	3,265	4,870
90 to 94 years	4,330	1,440	2,885
95 to 99 years	1,230	305	925
100 years and over	140	35	100
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.3	13.7
15 to 64 years	61.9	62.6	61.2
65 years and over	23.6	22.1	25.1
85 years and over	3.2	2.4	3.9
Average age of the population	44.6	43.4	45.8
Median age of the population	46.0	44.4	47.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	179,220	...	...
Single-detached house	118,200	...	...
Semi-detached house	9,680	...	...
Row house	12,395	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	6,415	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	20,980	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10,430	...	...
Other single-attached house	580	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	555	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	179,225	...	...
1 person	51,490	...	...
2 persons	65,495	...	...
3 persons	26,790	...	...
4 persons	22,145	...	...
5 or more persons	13,295	...	...
Number of persons in private households	425,480	207,455	218,025
Average household size	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	370,805	178,650	192,155
Married or living common-law	208,055	104,015	104,040
Married	171,880	85,930	85,945
Living common-law	36,175	18,085	18,095
Living common law - Never married	23,410	11,725	11,680
Living common law - Separated	2,540	1,345	1,195
Living common law - Divorced	8,845	4,435	4,410
Living common law - Widowed	1,385	580	810
Not married and not living common-law	162,755	74,635	88,120
Not married and not living common law - Never married	98,840	53,625	45,210
Not married and not living common law - Separated	12,690	5,465	7,225
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	25,165	9,890	15,280
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	26,060	5,660	20,405
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	124,225	...	...
2 persons	68,895	...	...
3 persons	25,770	...	...
4 persons	20,525	...	...
5 or more persons	9,040	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	124,225	...	...
Total couple families	101,555	...	...
Married couples	83,505	...	...
With children⁶	39,785	...	...
Without children	43,720	...	...
Common-law couples	18,055	...	...
With children⁶	6,905	...	...
Without children	11,155	...	...
Total one-parent families	22,670	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	17,785	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	4,880	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	425,480	207,455	218,025
Total - Persons in census families	345,915	170,870	175,045
Married spouses or common-law partners	203,115	101,460	101,655
Parents in one-parent families	22,665	4,880	17,785
Children⁶	120,140	64,525	55,610
In a two-parent family	85,380	45,515	39,870
In a one-parent family	34,750	19,010	15,745
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	79,565	36,585	42,980
Living alone	51,495	22,435	29,055
Living with other relatives⁷	10,235	4,180	6,050
Living with non-relatives only	17,835	9,965	7,870
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	179,220	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	108,675	...	...
Couple-family households	91,325	...	...
With children⁶	41,880	...	...
Without children	49,440	...	...
One-parent-family households	17,350	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	5,180	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	1,080	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	5,585	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	7,215	...	...
One-person households	51,490	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	362,760	175,255	187,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	350,960	169,145	181,810
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	42,800	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	351,115	169,225	181,885
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,800	38,800	31,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	308,980	152,235	156,745
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	36,400	23,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	241,025	124,715	116,310
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,400	34,400	24,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	324,250	154,820	169,435
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,000	10,400	13,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	41,685	19,770	21,915
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,720	5,600	5,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	107,225	50,905	56,315
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,300	8,000	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	362,765	175,265	187,495
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	350,890	169,160	181,735
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	48,400	55,000	42,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	351,055	169,235	181,820
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,240	46,040	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	308,985	152,240	156,745
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,960	49,640	34,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	241,025	124,805	116,215
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	41,040	46,560	35,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	323,870	154,665	169,205
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,380	11,280	13,400
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	41,830	19,585	22,240
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,330	6,035	6,590
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	107,030	50,735	56,300
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,630	9,410	9,830
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	362,760	175,270	187,495
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	99,260	55,790	43,470
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	58,800	64,500	52,800
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	68,900	75,300	60,600
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	102,465	47,260	55,200
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	15,700	17,200	14,600
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,540	27,800	21,780
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	76.4	81.2	70.4
Employment income (%)¹⁹	58.3	62.5	53.2
Government transfers (%)²⁰	23.6	18.8	29.5
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.3	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	6.9	5.6	8.4
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.1	5.1	7.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	362,765	175,260	187,510
Without total income	11,805	6,105	5,695
With total income	350,960	169,150	181,810
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25,760	11,005	14,750
$10,000 to $19,999	45,315	18,155	27,155
$20,000 to $29,999	60,785	25,270	35,515
$30,000 to $39,999	53,525	23,775	29,750
$40,000 to $49,999	42,760	20,310	22,445
$50,000 to $59,999	32,500	15,990	16,515
$60,000 to $69,999	23,745	13,060	10,685
$70,000 to $79,999	16,965	9,935	7,030
$80,000 to $89,999	12,180	7,410	4,770
$90,000 to $99,999	9,960	5,960	3,995
$100,000 and over	27,475	18,275	9,195
$100,000 to $149,999	19,325	12,350	6,975
$150,000 and over	8,150	5,925	2,225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	362,765	175,260	187,510
Without after-tax income	11,650	6,030	5,615
With after-tax income	351,115	169,230	181,890
Under $10,000 (including loss)	27,335	11,460	15,880
$10,000 to $19,999	47,475	19,075	28,400
$20,000 to $29,999	69,490	29,205	40,290
$30,000 to $39,999	61,125	28,165	32,955
$40,000 to $49,999	47,000	22,915	24,080
$50,000 to $59,999	32,510	17,405	15,100
$60,000 to $69,999	21,550	12,625	8,925
$70,000 to $79,999	14,420	8,765	5,650
$80,000 to $89,999	11,060	6,345	4,715
$90,000 to $99,999	6,020	3,950	2,070
$100,000 and over	13,140	9,320	3,820
$100,000 to $124,999	6,870	4,750	2,125
$125,000 and over	6,265	4,570	1,695
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	362,765	175,260	187,510
Without employment income	121,740	50,545	71,200
With employment income	241,025	124,720	116,310
Under $5,000 (including loss)	43,370	22,690	20,675
$5,000 to $9,999	22,775	9,915	12,860
$10,000 to $19,999	32,505	14,370	18,135
$20,000 to $29,999	23,190	10,635	12,550
$30,000 to $39,999	21,880	10,405	11,480
$40,000 to $49,999	20,475	9,715	10,765
$50,000 to $59,999	17,415	9,180	8,235
$60,000 to $69,999	13,845	8,145	5,700
$70,000 to $79,999	10,175	6,360	3,810
$80,000 to $89,999	8,125	5,205	2,920
$90,000 to $99,999	8,010	4,550	3,460
$100,000 and over	19,260	13,545	5,715
$100,000 to $124,999	9,900	6,580	3,315
$125,000 and over	9,365	6,965	2,400
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	362,760	175,255	187,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	345,900	166,515	179,385
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,400	42,400	31,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	346,035	166,525	179,510
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	38,000	29,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	307,665	151,340	156,325
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,400	39,200	27,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	244,345	126,005	118,340
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	32,800	38,000	29,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	307,840	146,470	161,370
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,640	2,200	7,850
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	26,425	12,005	14,420
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,080	5,000	5,160
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	362,765	175,265	187,495
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345,830	166,380	179,450
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,400	53,650	39,680
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	345,940	166,395	179,545
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,240	44,280	34,560
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	307,760	151,320	156,435
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	51,650	35,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	244,085	125,860	118,220
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,720	48,640	36,440
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	307,795	146,240	161,555
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,560	7,600	9,430
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	26,375	11,915	14,460
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,660	6,095	7,130
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	362,760	175,270	187,495
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	98,505	55,335	43,170
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,600	62,000	49,200
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	65,900	72,900	56,850
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	98,120	44,995	53,125
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	23,600	26,200	21,800
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	31,600	36,120	27,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	83.6	87.6	78.6
Employment income (%)	65.0	68.6	60.5
Government transfers (%)	16.4	12.5	21.4
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.1	0.8	1.5
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	179,225	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	69,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	51,490	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	38,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	35,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	127,730	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	179,220	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	94,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	51,465	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	48,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	127,760	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	113,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	96,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	179,225	...	...
Under $5,000	1,520	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	820	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,040	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,900	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	7,015	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	6,935	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	6,515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	7,410	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	7,700	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	7,630	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	14,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	13,960	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	12,980	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	11,730	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10,835	...	...
$100,000 and over	63,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	21,180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	14,510	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15,615	...	...
$200,000 and over	12,190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	179,225	...	...
Under $5,000	1,735	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	855	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,125	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,065	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	7,505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,955	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,790	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	8,420	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	8,710	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	8,640	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	16,905	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	16,035	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	14,625	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	13,310	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	11,225	...	...
$100,000 and over	49,320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20,380	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	12,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	16,705	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	122,620	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	50,550	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	75,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	47,295	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	109,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20,865	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	65,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	69,330	32,405	36,925
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,600	37,200	34,400
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,800	33,600	32,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	122,475	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	96,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50,400	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	101,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	85,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	47,535	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20,665	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	68,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	69,250	32,230	37,025
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,520	46,720	42,640
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,320	39,560	37,240
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	425,480	207,455	218,025
0 to 17 years	76,075	39,130	36,945
0 to 5 years	23,685	12,240	11,445
18 to 64 years	252,630	123,610	129,015
65 years and over	96,775	44,715	52,060
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	46,685	21,165	25,520
0 to 17 years	10,225	5,230	4,995
0 to 5 years	3,480	1,770	1,710
18 to 64 years	25,695	12,015	13,675
65 years and over	10,760	3,915	6,845
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.0	10.2	11.7
0 to 17 years (%)	13.4	13.4	13.5
0 to 5 years (%)	14.7	14.5	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	9.7	10.6
65 years and over (%)	11.1	8.8	13.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	425,480	207,455	218,025
0 to 17 years	76,075	39,130	36,945
0 to 5 years	23,685	12,235	11,450
18 to 64 years	252,625	123,610	129,020
65 years and over	96,775	44,715	52,065
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	17,660	9,035	8,620
0 to 17 years	2,715	1,400	1,315
0 to 5 years	830	420	415
18 to 64 years	13,430	7,015	6,420
65 years and over	1,505	615	890
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.4	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.6	3.6
0 to 5 years (%)	3.5	3.4	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	5.3	5.7	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.4	1.7
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	425,480	207,455	218,025
In bottom half of the distribution	232,020	110,205	121,815
In bottom decile	42,250	19,970	22,280
In second decile	47,390	21,380	26,010
In third decile	48,940	23,285	25,655
In fourth decile	47,010	22,880	24,125
In fifth decile	46,430	22,695	23,740
In top half of the distribution	193,460	97,250	96,210
In sixth decile	44,395	21,975	22,425
In seventh decile	42,090	21,080	21,010
In eighth decile	39,105	19,700	19,400
In ninth decile	36,885	18,705	18,180
In top decile	30,985	15,795	15,195
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	425,480	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.318	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.460	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.280	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.5	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	428,670	208,990	219,685
English only	393,480	193,715	199,765
French only	310	140	170
English and French	31,155	13,580	17,575
Neither English nor French	3,725	1,555	2,175
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	428,670	208,990	219,685
English	413,785	202,380	211,405
French	10,070	4,570	5,500
English and French	1,220	555	665
Neither English nor French	3,600	1,490	2,110
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	428,670	208,990	219,685
Single responses	417,090	203,535	213,555
Official languages	354,660	174,030	180,630
English	344,120	169,235	174,890
French	10,535	4,790	5,745
Non-official languages	62,430	29,505	32,925
Indigenous languages³⁹	40	20	25
Algonquian languages	30	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	5	5	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	5
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	15	10	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	10	10	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	0
Oneida	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	62,385	29,485	32,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,625	1,875	1,750
Berber languages	5	0	5
Kabyle	5	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	5	0	0
Hausa	5	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	260	115	140
Bilen	5	0	5
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	250	115	135
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,355	1,755	1,600
Amharic	50	20	30
Arabic	3,015	1,590	1,425
Aramaic languages	75	40	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	35	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	5	5	5
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	30	25
Maltese	100	50	50
Tigrigna	60	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,260	540	715
Khmer (Cambodian)	150	65	90
Vietnamese	1,110	475	630
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,380	1,305	2,075
Bikol	5	5	5
Bisaya, n.o.s.	45	15	25
Cebuano	135	55	80
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	65	25	35
Ilocano	160	60	95
Indonesian	65	25	40
Kankanaey	5	5	5
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	5	15
Pangasinan	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,830	1,090	1,740
Waray-Waray	20	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10
Creole languages	245	130	115
Haitian Creole	155	65	85
Jamaican English Creole	10	5	5
Krio	5	5	0
Morisyen	10	10	5
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	65	50	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	1,435	740	695
Kannada	20	10	10
Malayalam	1,050	540	510
Tamil	275	140	135
Telugu	75	40	35
Tulu	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	42,430	20,310	22,115
Albanian	210	105	105
Armenian	225	105	120
Balto-Slavic languages	10,045	4,560	5,485
Baltic languages	205	90	115
Latvian	95	40	55
Lithuanian	110	50	60
Slavic languages	9,845	4,470	5,375
Belarusian	10	10	0
Bulgarian	320	140	180
Czech	260	120	140
Macedonian	120	60	55
Polish	3,435	1,500	1,935
Russian	1,445	635	810
Rusyn	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	2,380	1,175	1,200
Bosnian	210	110	100
Croatian	815	395	420
Serbian	1,320	665	660
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	30	10	20
Slovak	320	140	180
Slovene (Slovenian)	260	100	160
Ukrainian	1,300	580	715
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Celtic languages	45	25	20
Irish	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	10
Welsh	15	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0
Germanic languages	7,515	3,400	4,110
Frisian	40	15	25
High German languages	4,190	1,860	2,330
German	4,150	1,840	2,315
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	30	15	10
Yiddish	10	0	5
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	3,060	1,440	1,620
Afrikaans	120	50	65
Dutch	2,650	1,250	1,400
Low German, n.o.s.	35	15	20
Low Saxon	20	10	5
Plautdietsch	205	95	110
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20
Scandinavian languages	215	85	135
Danish	125	50	70
Icelandic	10	5	5
Norwegian	20	5	10
Swedish	65	20	45
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10
Greek	655	335	315
Indo-Iranian languages	6,985	3,620	3,360
Indo-Aryan languages	6,090	3,170	2,920
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	290	155	140
Gujarati	985	555	435
Hindi	865	485	380
Kacchi	35	20	15
Kashmiri	10	10	5
Konkani	20	10	5
Marathi	70	35	40
Nepali	90	45	50
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,990	990	1,000
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	105	55	45
Urdu	1,580	790	790
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15
Iranian languages	890	450	440
Baluchi	20	10	10
Kurdish	240	125	115
Parsi	5	0	5
Pashto	70	35	40
Persian languages	545	275	270
Dari	150	70	75
Iranian Persian	325	170	155
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	75	30	40
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	16,740	8,150	8,595
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	8,545	4,120	4,425
Portuguese	1,450	710	740
Romanian	485	215	265
Spanish	6,230	3,085	3,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	295	85	205
Korean	1,520	700	815
Mongolian	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	655	300	355
Akan (Twi)	100	55	45
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0
Éwé	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	5
Ga	10	0	5
Ganda	20	10	15
Gikuyu	15	5	10
Igbo	35	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	10
Lingala	15	0	10
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	10	5	5
Ndebele	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	5	10
Shona	110	45	65
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	5	0	5
Swahili	110	55	60
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	95	45	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	30	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10
African, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Sign languages	110	65	50
American Sign Language	105	60	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,905	2,245	2,655
Chinese languages	4,860	2,225	2,635
Hakka	30	15	15
Mandarin	3,430	1,585	1,850
Min Dong	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	75	35	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	20
Yue (Cantonese)	1,225	550	680
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	35	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	20	20
Burmese	5	0	5
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	35	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	340	140	205
Lao	225	105	120
Thai	100	30	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10
Turkic languages	555	310	245
Azerbaijani	25	10	15
Kazakh	5	5	5
Turkish	485	270	215
Uyghur	20	10	10
Uzbek	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	1,610	710	895
Estonian	90	40	50
Finnish	115	50	65
Hungarian	1,405	620	780
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
Multiple responses	11,585	5,455	6,130
English and French	2,630	1,215	1,420
English and non-official language(s)	7,785	3,715	4,070
French and non-official language(s)	230	115	115
English, French and non-official language(s)	225	100	125
Multiple non-official languages	710	310	400
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	428,670	208,990	219,685
English	364,105	178,805	185,300
French	1,965	875	1,090
Non-official language	14,190	6,580	7,615
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	0
Non-Indigenous	14,190	6,575	7,615
English and French	5,805	2,460	3,345
English and non-official language(s)	40,035	19,100	20,935
French and non-official language(s)	105	50	60
English, French and non-official language(s)	1,510	665	845
Multiple non-official languages	950	460	490
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	428,670	208,990	219,685
Single responses	419,085	204,465	214,615
Official languages	390,900	191,135	199,765
English	388,085	189,900	198,190
French	2,815	1,235	1,580
Non-official languages	28,185	13,330	14,850
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	28,175	13,325	14,845
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,040	985	1,050
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	205	90	110
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	200	90	110
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,835	895	940
Amharic	15	5	15
Arabic	1,700	835	870
Aramaic languages	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	50	25	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	5	10
Maltese	10	5	5
Tigrigna	40	20	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	790	350	435
Khmer (Cambodian)	75	30	40
Vietnamese	715	320	395
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,710	775	940
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	30	15	15
Cebuano	40	20	20
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	10
Ilocano	90	45	50
Indonesian	20	10	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	10
Pangasinan	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,470	665	810
Waray-Waray	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5
Creole languages	110	50	65
Haitian Creole	90	40	50
Jamaican English Creole	10	0	5
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	5	0	5
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	930	475	455
Kannada	5	0	5
Malayalam	735	370	365
Tamil	150	85	75
Telugu	40	15	20
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	16,405	7,745	8,660
Albanian	80	40	40
Armenian	105	40	65
Balto-Slavic languages	3,935	1,800	2,130
Baltic languages	30	10	20
Latvian	10	0	5
Lithuanian	20	10	10
Slavic languages	3,910	1,790	2,115
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	150	65	80
Czech	65	30	40
Macedonian	30	15	10
Polish	1,360	610	750
Russian	835	380	455
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	1,020	490	530
Bosnian	85	45	40
Croatian	225	105	115
Serbian	710	335	370
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	10	5	0
Slovak	70	35	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	50	15	30
Ukrainian	325	140	185
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	830	380	455
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	540	245	295
German	540	245	295
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	275	125	150
Afrikaans	60	25	30
Dutch	120	55	65
Low German, n.o.s.	15	5	10
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	75	35	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	20	10	15
Danish	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5
Swedish	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	220	100	120
Indo-Iranian languages	4,470	2,230	2,240
Indo-Aryan languages	3,960	1,995	1,965
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	145	70	75
Gujarati	630	340	285
Hindi	520	285	230
Kacchi	10	5	5
Kashmiri	5	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	35	20	15
Nepali	70	35	40
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,460	705	750
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	20	15
Urdu	1,030	505	530
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Iranian languages	510	235	270
Baluchi	10	5	5
Kurdish	155	70	85
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	45	20	20
Persian languages	295	135	165
Dari	95	50	45
Iranian Persian	170	75	95
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	35	10	20
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,755	3,145	3,615
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	2,110	825	1,285
Portuguese	640	310	335
Romanian	180	85	95
Spanish	3,820	1,920	1,895
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	125	60	65
Korean	1,190	565	630
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	250	120	125
Akan (Twi)	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	10	5
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5
Gikuyu	5	0	5
Igbo	0	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5
Lingala	10	5	5
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5
Shona	50	20	25
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	70	35	35
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	165	105	60
American Sign Language	125	75	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,515	1,670	1,845
Chinese languages	3,490	1,655	1,840
Hakka	5	5	5
Mandarin	2,595	1,250	1,345
Min Dong	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	15	20
Yue (Cantonese)	790	355	430
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	190	80	105
Lao	130	60	75
Thai	45	20	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5
Turkic languages	310	155	150
Azerbaijani	15	5	5
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	270	140	135
Uyghur	10	10	5
Uzbek	10	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	435	185	245
Estonian	5	5	5
Finnish	15	10	10
Hungarian	415	175	235
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	9,590	4,520	5,065
English and French	1,045	425	615
English and non-official language(s)	8,255	3,965	4,290
French and non-official language(s)	50	25	25
English, French and non-official language(s)	115	50	70
Multiple non-official languages	125	55	70
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	428,675	208,990	219,685
None	388,415	190,105	198,310
English	12,285	5,875	6,410
French	4,365	1,865	2,495
Non-official language	19,250	9,045	10,205
Indigenous³⁹	55	25	30
Non-Indigenous	19,195	9,020	10,175
English and French	185	85	95
English and non-official language(s)	1,470	725	745
French and non-official language(s)	805	355	445
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10
Multiple non-official languages	1,885	920	960
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	425,480	207,455	218,025
Official languages	421,800	205,985	215,815
English	421,470	205,830	215,640
French	31,295	13,620	17,675
Non-official languages	83,565	39,260	44,310
Indigenous languages³⁹	160	45	115
Algonquian languages	90	25	65
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	25	0	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	20	0	20
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	0	10
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	20	40
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	60	20	40
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	60	20	40
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	40	10	30
Cayuga	25	10	15
Mohawk	15	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	83,420	39,220	44,200
Afro-Asiatic languages	5,705	2,890	2,815
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	55	0	45
Hausa	50	0	45
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	25	10	20
Cushitic languages	480	235	240
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	465	235	230
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5,255	2,680	2,575
Amharic	85	20	65
Arabic	4,670	2,390	2,280
Aramaic languages	115	60	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	60	50
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	205	115	90
Maltese	190	90	105
Tigrigna	50	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,740	775	965
Khmer (Cambodian)	265	85	175
Vietnamese	1,475	685	785
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,990	1,950	3,040
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	40	20	25
Cebuano	300	105	195
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	60	15	45
Ilocano	330	115	210
Indonesian	100	40	60
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	45	25	25
Pangasinan	15	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,685	1,830	2,855
Waray-Waray	20	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	65	20	45
Creole languages	685	365	320
Haitian Creole	445	235	210
Jamaican English Creole	40	15	20
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	35	25	10
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	150	75	70
Creole languages, n.i.e.	55	35	25
Dravidian languages	1,685	915	770
Kannada	55	40	15
Malayalam	1,145	600	545
Tamil	505	305	200
Telugu	160	90	70
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	57,440	27,290	30,150
Albanian	265	135	130
Armenian	295	130	170
Balto-Slavic languages	12,430	5,715	6,715
Baltic languages	255	130	125
Latvian	120	55	55
Lithuanian	145	75	70
Slavic languages	12,225	5,610	6,615
Belarusian	35	25	20
Bulgarian	355	175	175
Czech	440	175	265
Macedonian	225	135	90
Polish	4,305	1,775	2,530
Russian	2,500	1,160	1,340
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	3,075	1,585	1,490
Bosnian	410	235	170
Croatian	1,270	630	640
Serbian	1,725	900	825
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	45	15	30
Slovak	420	185	235
Slovene (Slovenian)	300	125	180
Ukrainian	1,965	900	1,065
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10
Celtic languages	120	75	45
Irish	60	45	15
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10
Welsh	30	10	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0
Germanic languages	10,035	4,615	5,420
Frisian	80	35	45
High German languages	5,900	2,785	3,115
German	5,880	2,770	3,115
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	45	30	15
Yiddish	15	15	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	3,990	1,810	2,185
Afrikaans	335	150	180
Dutch	3,400	1,550	1,850
Low German, n.o.s.	70	40	30
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	185	70	120
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10
Scandinavian languages	320	145	180
Danish	155	70	85
Icelandic	35	20	15
Norwegian	50	20	30
Swedish	80	30	50
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10
Greek	1,115	565	550
Indo-Iranian languages	10,140	5,235	4,905
Indo-Aryan languages	9,280	4,805	4,475
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	435	250	185
Gujarati	1,490	825	665
Hindi	4,290	2,265	2,025
Kacchi	85	45	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	55	25	20
Marathi	265	125	140
Nepali	135	55	80
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,285	1,580	1,700
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	20	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	150	100
Urdu	3,065	1,570	1,500
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	110	65	45
Iranian languages	1,010	515	490
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	310	150	160
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	135	85	55
Persian languages	645	350	295
Dari	145	80	65
Iranian Persian	430	230	200
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	80	40	35
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	24,555	11,560	12,995
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	12,470	5,910	6,565
Portuguese	2,010	970	1,035
Romanian	550	275	280
Spanish	10,540	4,925	5,620
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	75	30	40
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	615	265	355
Korean	1,820	910	910
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,530	750	770
Akan (Twi)	210	135	75
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	20	0	15
Éwé	15	15	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	35	15	20
Ga	15	0	15
Ganda	65	30	35
Gikuyu	45	15	30
Igbo	115	70	45
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	60	30	35
Lingala	75	40	35
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	25	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	10
Shona	190	85	105
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	360	185	175
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	325	135	185
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	160	90	70
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	15	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	545	195	345
American Sign Language	470	165	300
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	80	30	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,695	2,605	3,080
Chinese languages	5,620	2,585	3,040
Hakka	30	10	15
Mandarin	4,465	2,065	2,410
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	125	55	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	20	20
Yue (Cantonese)	1,565	715	850
Chinese, n.o.s.	95	40	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	70	35	35
Burmese	20	0	20
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	590	265	325
Lao	375	180	200
Thai	285	120	170
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20
Turkic languages	985	575	405
Azerbaijani	70	35	35
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	870	515	355
Uyghur	35	20	10
Uzbek	10	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10
Uralic languages	2,020	865	1,155
Estonian	55	25	30
Finnish	140	45	95
Hungarian	1,820	790	1,030
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	425,480	207,455	218,025
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	13,080	6,145	6,935
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	12,490	5,845	6,640
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,250	3,370	3,880
Métis	5,095	2,390	2,710
Inuk (Inuit)	145	90	55
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	215	105	110
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	375	190	190
Non-Indigenous identity	412,400	201,310	211,090
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	425,480	207,455	218,025
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	3,695	1,740	1,960
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	421,785	205,715	216,065
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	179,225	...	...
Owner	128,015	...	...
Renter	51,210	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	179,225	...	...
Condominium	12,825	...	...
Not condominium	166,400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	179,225	...	...
No bedrooms	585	...	...
1 bedroom	18,125	...	...
2 bedrooms	41,320	...	...
3 bedrooms	75,680	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	43,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	179,225	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	37,050	...	...
5 rooms	26,590	...	...
6 rooms	29,840	...	...
7 rooms	27,345	...	...
8 or more rooms	58,390	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	179,225	...	...
One person or fewer per room	177,345	...	...
More than one person per room	1,880	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	179,225	...	...
Suitable	172,470	...	...
Not suitable	6,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	179,225	...	...
1960 or before	58,905	...	...
1961 to 1980	54,160	...	...
1981 to 1990	19,295	...	...
1991 to 2000	15,930	...	...
2001 to 2005	7,350	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,380	...	...
2011 to 2015	6,935	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	10,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	179,225	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	169,185	...	...
Major repairs needed	10,040	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	179,225	...	...
One-maintainer household	90,505	...	...
Two-maintainer household	81,200	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	7,515	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	179,225	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,750	...	...
25 to 34 years	20,080	...	...
35 to 44 years	25,335	...	...
45 to 54 years	29,500	...	...
55 to 64 years	38,570	...	...
65 to 74 years	34,380	...	...
75 to 84 years	19,790	...	...
85 years and over	7,825	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	177,800	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	139,185	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	38,620	...	...
30% to less than 100%	35,505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	179,225	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	51,040	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	34,835	...	...
Not suitable only	5,165	...	...
Major repairs needed only	6,735	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	995	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	2,715	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	515	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	75	...	...
Acceptable housing	128,185	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	174,685	...	...
In core need	18,550	...	...
Not in core need	156,140	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	127,280	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	56.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	14.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,336	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	552,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	616,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	51,165	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	14.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	39.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	24.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,080	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,172	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	425,480	207,455	218,025
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	4,005	1,895	2,105
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	3,880	1,845	2,030
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	2,980	1,415	1,570
Métis single ancestry	865	410	455
Inuit single ancestry	30	20	15
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	125	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	120	45	70
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	13,180	6,260	6,920
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	12,865	6,105	6,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	9,165	4,345	4,820
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	3,590	1,690	1,905
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	110	70	40
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	310	160	155
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	265	140	120
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	10	30
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	408,300	199,300	209,000
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	425,480	207,455	218,025
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	401,340	195,940	205,405
Canadian citizens aged under 18	73,505	37,915	35,585
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	327,845	158,020	169,820
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	24,135	11,515	12,620
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	425,480	207,455	218,025
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	340,945	167,210	173,735
Immigrants⁸¹	76,300	35,985	40,320
Before 1980	30,160	14,285	15,880
1980 to 1990	8,680	4,080	4,605
1991 to 2000	10,590	4,895	5,700
2001 to 2010	12,470	5,770	6,700
2011 to 2021⁸²	14,400	6,960	7,445
2011 to 2015	6,175	2,965	3,220
2016 to 2021	8,220	3,995	4,230
Non-permanent residents⁸³	8,235	4,260	3,970
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	76,305	35,985	40,320
Under 5 years	8,560	4,325	4,230
5 to 14 years	15,340	7,750	7,585
15 to 24 years	16,905	7,625	9,275
25 to 44 years	29,815	13,630	16,180
45 years and over	5,685	2,640	3,050
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	76,305	35,985	40,320
Americas	14,990	6,760	8,235
Brazil	360	160	195
Colombia	1,290	610	680
El Salvador	710	325	385
Guyana	415	180	230
Haiti	390	185	200
Jamaica	1,565	770	795
Mexico	690	305	380
Peru	215	95	120
Trinidad and Tobago	860	465	395
United States of America	5,610	2,245	3,360
Other places of birth in Americas	2,885	1,400	1,485
Europe	35,700	17,195	18,505
Bosnia and Herzegovina	470	260	210
Croatia	1,010	525	485
France	245	110	130
Germany	2,355	1,115	1,245
Greece	490	295	195
Hungary	870	380	495
Italy	6,675	3,290	3,385
Netherlands	2,855	1,440	1,415
Poland	2,775	1,165	1,610
Portugal	690	335	355
Romania	585	300	290
Russian Federation	595	240	355
Serbia⁸⁶	580	310	270
Ukraine	915	380	535
United Kingdom⁸⁷	10,940	5,250	5,695
Other places of birth in Europe	3,635	1,800	1,835
Africa	4,090	2,020	2,075
Algeria	60	35	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	150	85	70
Egypt	470	225	245
Eritrea	40	25	20
Ethiopia	75	25	45
Morocco	85	45	35
Nigeria	550	275	275
Somalia	315	150	160
South Africa, Republic of	520	235	290
Other places of birth in Africa	1,830	925	905
Asia	21,210	9,855	11,355
Afghanistan	85	55	35
Iran⁸⁸	370	200	170
Iraq	505	265	240
Lebanon	335	195	135
Syria⁸⁹	560	285	280
Turkey	440	260	175
China⁹⁰	3,050	1,310	1,740
Hong Kong⁹¹	305	170	135
Korea, South⁹²	1,175	550	625
Taiwan	110	35	80
Philippines	4,310	1,660	2,655
Viet Nam	1,010	480	525
Bangladesh	200	110	90
India	3,940	2,035	1,900
Pakistan	1,755	900	860
Sri Lanka	285	140	145
Other places of birth in Asia	2,765	1,215	1,550
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	310	160	150
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	8,225	3,990	4,230
Americas	1,770	895	870
Brazil	75	30	40
Colombia	215	100	120
Haiti	65	20	45
Jamaica	220	140	80
Mexico	100	50	50
United States of America	545	290	260
Venezuela⁹⁵	115	60	55
Other places of birth in Americas	430	205	225
Europe	780	415	365
France	15	15	0
Germany	20	15	0
Ireland⁹⁶	20	10	15
Italy	15	0	10
Russian Federation	80	20	55
Ukraine	95	45	45
United Kingdom⁸⁷	175	125	55
Other places of birth in Europe	360	180	180
Africa	930	440	490
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	0	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	40	25	15
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	50	25	30
Eritrea	15	15	0
Ethiopia	15	0	15
Morocco	10	0	0
Nigeria	305	150	155
Somalia	95	40	55
South Africa, Republic of	45	10	35
Sudan⁹⁷	85	40	40
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	235	120	115
Asia	4,690	2,200	2,485
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	45	30	20
China⁹⁰	815	315	505
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	1,255	685	570
Iran⁸⁸	45	30	15
Iraq	110	55	60
Israel	15	15	0
Japan	25	10	15
Jordan	45	20	30
Korea, South⁹²	320	150	165
Lebanon	35	25	10
Nepal	30	10	15
Pakistan	255	115	140
Philippines	720	290	430
Saudi Arabia	85	50	40
Sri Lanka	10	0	10
Syria⁸⁹	350	180	175
Turkey	90	45	40
United Arab Emirates	85	45	45
Viet Nam	85	40	45
Other places of birth in Asia	270	100	175
Oceania and other⁹³	50	35	10
Australia	45	30	10
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	425,480	207,455	218,025
First generation¹⁰⁰	88,670	42,150	46,520
Second generation¹⁰¹	91,475	44,860	46,615
Third generation or more¹⁰²	245,335	120,450	124,885
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	46,140	21,700	24,440
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	19,725	9,845	9,885
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	8,725	5,180	3,540
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	11,000	4,660	6,340
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	15,570	6,355	9,215
Refugees¹⁰⁸	9,760	5,005	4,765
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	1,075	500	585
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	46,140	21,700	24,440
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	5,535	2,770	2,765
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	5,100	2,420	2,685
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	1,205	600	610
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	2,565	1,175	1,390
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	500	135	365
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	31,230	14,600	16,630
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	425,480	207,455	218,025
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	59,020	29,125	29,900
South Asian	12,765	6,755	6,010
Chinese	6,380	2,885	3,505
Black	12,785	6,665	6,120
Filipino	6,250	2,675	3,570
Arab	3,445	1,795	1,650
Latin American	6,630	3,175	3,455
Southeast Asian	3,030	1,445	1,580
West Asian	900	510	390
Korean	1,865	925	935
Japanese	730	315	410
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	1,335	615	720
Multiple visible minorities	2,910	1,360	1,545
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	366,465	178,330	188,125
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	425,480	207,455	218,025
Canadian	62,440	30,790	31,650
English	100,325	48,175	52,155
Irish	69,115	32,180	36,940
Scottish	74,135	35,665	38,465
French, n.o.s.¹²²	40,995	19,270	21,725
German	52,605	25,410	27,200
Chinese	6,890	3,105	3,785
Italian	50,210	25,165	25,050
Indian (India)	7,805	4,110	3,700
Ukrainian	19,275	9,450	9,825
Dutch	28,785	14,340	14,445
Polish	20,170	9,520	10,655
Québécois	1,065	420	645
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	18,725	8,880	9,845
Filipino	6,155	2,635	3,515
French Canadian	7,410	3,615	3,790
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	7,255	3,735	3,520
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	5,470	2,610	2,860
Métis	4,855	2,295	2,560
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	5,165	2,570	2,595
Russian	6,165	2,885	3,280
Norwegian	2,070	980	1,090
Welsh	8,360	3,775	4,590
Portuguese	3,230	1,630	1,605
American	6,365	2,985	3,375
Spanish	3,685	1,660	2,025
Swedish	2,220	885	1,335
Hungarian	11,650	5,580	6,070
Acadian	1,050	470	585
Pakistani	2,320	1,170	1,150
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	2,840	1,445	1,395
Jewish	1,425	780	645
Punjabi	880	385	500
Vietnamese	1,790	880	910
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	1,760	885	880
Greek	3,055	1,565	1,490
Jamaican	3,785	1,865	1,920
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	1,440	700	740
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	450	155	290
Korean	1,865	925	940
Romanian	2,570	1,265	1,310
Lebanese	1,025	580	445
Iranian	430	210	215
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	1,810	880	930
Danish	2,060	985	1,075
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	2,365	1,075	1,290
Sikh	345	170	180
Austrian	2,265	1,045	1,215
Belgian	1,285	650	630
Haitian	535	290	245
Hindu	745	400	345
Mexican	1,345	685	660
Mennonite	2,420	1,235	1,185
Swiss	1,570	795	775
Finnish	1,645	735	910
Sri Lankan	320	170	155
Croatian	3,390	1,665	1,730
Japanese	995	435	565
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	720	385	335
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	1,070	510	560
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	1,005	485	520
Muslim	850	430	420
Egyptian	735	395	340
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	1,275	585	690
Tamil	140	80	60
Icelandic	335	140	195
Colombian	1,835	925	910
Moroccan	120	50	65
Czech	1,345	605	745
Syrian	525	210	315
Guyanese	750	345	405
Afghan	320	195	120
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	670	325	345
Serbian	2,605	1,325	1,280
Ojibway	760	390	375
Newfoundlander	835	385	450
Hong Konger	45	25	20
Ontarian	2,135	1,065	1,070
Persian	310	155	155
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	1,150	635	515
Turkish	960	540	420
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	175	100	75
Bangladeshi	195	110	85
Algerian	65	35	30
Brazilian	705	355	350
Nigerian	565	270	295
Armenian	950	475	470
Slovak	1,960	950	1,000
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	810	415	395
Somali	540	255	290
Taiwanese	195	65	135
Iraqi	330	175	155
Salvadorean	835	420	415
African Caribbean	440	225	215
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	305	125	180
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	545	305	235
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	435	250	180
Algonquin	490	210	285
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	540	265	275
Lithuanian	955	480	475
South African	610	305	305
Australian	445	245	195
Palestinian	420	195	230
Chilean	280	130	150
Congolese	180	120	60
Nova Scotian	335	165	175
Ethiopian	120	50	65
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	805	420	385
Peruvian	235	105	130
Yoruba	285	165	120
Cambodian (Khmer)	365	145	220
Berber	45	15	30
Albanian	335	155	180
Maltese	1,180	630	550
Macedonian	685	335	350
Slovenian	1,260	565	700
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	370	150	220
New Brunswicker	270	95	175
Gujarati	275	155	120
Eritrean	70	35	40
African Canadian	285	140	145
Israeli	140	80	55
Mohawk	840	450	390
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	760	320	440
Bulgarian	685	375	310
Albertan	40	25	20
Ghanaian	215	125	90
Barbadian	490	265	225
African American	740	355

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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
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