Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Swan RiverMore information: Manitoba [Population centre]
	Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	3,989	...	...
Population, 2016¹	3,969^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	0.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	1,994	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	1,801	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	696.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.73	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	3,985	1,865	2,120
0 to 14 years	740	380	355
0 to 4 years	260	130	130
5 to 9 years	230	120	115
10 to 14 years	250	135	115
15 to 64 years	2,230	1,075	1,155
15 to 19 years	200	105	95
20 to 24 years	225	110	110
25 to 29 years	270	135	140
30 to 34 years	230	110	120
35 to 39 years	230	110	120
40 to 44 years	180	90	90
45 to 49 years	190	80	110
50 to 54 years	205	100	105
55 to 59 years	255	115	140
60 to 64 years	250	120	130
65 years and over	1,010	405	610
65 to 69 years	215	80	135
70 to 74 years	210	80	120
75 to 79 years	200	75	120
80 to 84 years	155	65	85
85 years and over	245	95	145
85 to 89 years	135	60	70
90 to 94 years	75	30	45
95 to 99 years	35	10	25
100 years and over	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.6	20.4	16.7
15 to 64 years	56.0	57.6	54.5
65 years and over	25.3	21.7	28.8
85 years and over	6.1	5.1	6.8
Average age of the population	43.7	41.4	45.7
Median age of the population	42.8	38.8	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	1,805	...	...
Single-detached house	1,195	...	...
Semi-detached house	70	...	...
Row house	95	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	375	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	55	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	1,800	...	...
1 person	700	...	...
2 persons	610	...	...
3 persons	205	...	...
4 persons	180	...	...
5 or more persons	110	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,870	1,820	2,055
Average household size	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	3,240	1,480	1,760
Married or living common-law	1,660	820	845
Married	1,375	675	700
Living common-law	290	145	145
Living common law - Never married	225	110	110
Living common law - Separated	15	5	10
Living common law - Divorced	40	25	20
Living common law - Widowed	5	0	5
Not married and not living common-law	1,580	660	920
Not married and not living common law - Never married	950	500	450
Not married and not living common law - Separated	95	25	70
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	195	70	120
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	345	70	280
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	1,040	...	...
2 persons	590	...	...
3 persons	195	...	...
4 persons	170	...	...
5 or more persons	85	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	1,045	...	...
Total couple families	795	...	...
Married couples	650	...	...
With children⁶	265	...	...
Without children	385	...	...
Common-law couples	145	...	...
With children⁶	70	...	...
Without children	75	...	...
Total one-parent families	250	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	210	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	40	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	3,870	1,820	2,055
Total - Persons in census families	2,910	1,415	1,500
Married spouses or common-law partners	1,595	790	800
Parents in one-parent families	245	40	205
Children⁶	1,070	580	490
In a two-parent family	635	325	305
In a one-parent family	430	250	180
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	965	410	550
Living alone	695	275	420
Living with other relatives⁷	135	60	80
Living with non-relatives only	135	80	55
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	1,800	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	950	...	...
Couple-family households	745	...	...
With children⁶	305	...	...
Without children	440	...	...
One-parent-family households	205	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	0	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	60	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	70	...	...
One-person households	700	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	3,130	1,440	1,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,060	1,400	1,660
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,200	41,600	34,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	3,060	1,400	1,660
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	33,600	36,800	31,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,625	1,215	1,410
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	29,800	38,800	24,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,065	1,005	1,060
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	32,000	40,800	27,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,805	1,240	1,560
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,100	9,600	13,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	275	120	155
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,400	6,500	6,080
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	690	305	385
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	3,110	1,430	1,680
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,005	1,375	1,625
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	46,160	50,600	42,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	3,005	1,375	1,625
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,240	42,040	36,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,605	1,210	1,395
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	39,680	46,000	34,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,035	995	1,035
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,560	47,600	33,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,720	1,205	1,515
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	12,980	11,540	14,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	255	75	180
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,900	9,200	8,800
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	655	330	330
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,000	9,120	8,880
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	3,110	1,430	1,680
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	920	480	440
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	55,200	65,000	49,200
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	60,700	68,400	52,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	800	375	430
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,800	20,800	17,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	27,900	32,600	23,800
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	74.6	80.0	69.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	59.5	68.0	50.8
Government transfers (%)²⁰	25.4	20.0	30.9
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.0	2.3
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	5.2	6.0
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.2	4.3	4.2
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	3,135	1,435	1,695
Without total income	75	35	35
With total income	3,055	1,405	1,655
Under $10,000 (including loss)	245	115	125
$10,000 to $19,999	365	155	215
$20,000 to $29,999	610	235	375
$30,000 to $39,999	415	165	250
$40,000 to $49,999	370	140	230
$50,000 to $59,999	285	135	150
$60,000 to $69,999	210	115	100
$70,000 to $79,999	165	105	65
$80,000 to $89,999	120	70	50
$90,000 to $99,999	85	50	35
$100,000 and over	180	125	55
$100,000 to $149,999	140	95	50
$150,000 and over	35	30	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	3,135	1,435	1,695
Without after-tax income	75	35	35
With after-tax income	3,055	1,405	1,655
Under $10,000 (including loss)	250	120	130
$10,000 to $19,999	390	165	230
$20,000 to $29,999	685	270	415
$30,000 to $39,999	505	200	305
$40,000 to $49,999	420	175	245
$50,000 to $59,999	315	170	145
$60,000 to $69,999	190	120	75
$70,000 to $79,999	135	75	65
$80,000 to $89,999	65	45	25
$90,000 to $99,999	40	25	15
$100,000 and over	60	40	20
$100,000 to $124,999	30	20	10
$125,000 and over	25	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	3,135	1,435	1,695
Without employment income	1,065	430	630
With employment income	2,070	1,005	1,065
Under $5,000 (including loss)	320	150	175
$5,000 to $9,999	160	60	100
$10,000 to $19,999	255	110	150
$20,000 to $29,999	245	100	140
$30,000 to $39,999	210	85	125
$40,000 to $49,999	205	80	120
$50,000 to $59,999	145	80	65
$60,000 to $69,999	145	85	55
$70,000 to $79,999	110	75	35
$80,000 to $89,999	95	50	40
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25
$100,000 and over	110	95	20
$100,000 to $124,999	60	40	15
$125,000 and over	55	50	5
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	3,130	1,440	1,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,975	1,355	1,620
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,800	41,200	31,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,975	1,355	1,620
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	31,600	36,000	28,400
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,600	1,205	1,395
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	30,800	38,800	25,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,060	1,015	1,055
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	33,200	40,800	28,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	2,635	1,145	1,485
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,600	5,240	9,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	265	115	145
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,040	7,450	5,520
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	3,110	1,430	1,680
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,955	1,360	1,605
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,280	48,640	38,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,955	1,360	1,605
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	36,840	40,480	33,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,590	1,200	1,390
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,520	46,900	33,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,045	1,000	1,040
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,680	49,000	34,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	2,600	1,155	1,445
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,840	8,420	10,980
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	280	105	180
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,550	6,000	6,850
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	3,110	1,430	1,680
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	920	480	440
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	51,600	60,000	46,400
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	57,000	64,400	48,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	740	355	385
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	23,600	22,400
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	35,900	40,200	31,900
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	80.0	85.2	74.4
Employment income (%)	66.4	74.4	58.2
Government transfers (%)	20.0	14.7	25.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	1.0	2.0
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	1,805	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	61,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	55,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	700	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	32,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	29,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	86,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	1,800	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	77,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	65,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	41,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	36,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	1,080	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	100,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	1,805	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	145	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	125	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...
$100,000 and over	480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	130	...	...
$200,000 and over	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	1,805	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	340	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	95	...	...
$150,000 and over	85	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	1,060	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	85,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	74,500	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	450	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	82,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	71,500	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	240	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	57,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	53,600	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	830	355	480
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	32,000	34,800	29,800
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	29,400	31,400	28,400
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	1,040	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	99,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	84,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	90,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	76,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	137,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	113,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	67,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	60,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	845	355	490
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	41,500	44,600	39,200
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	35,800	37,400	34,600
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	3,875	1,825	2,050
0 to 17 years	865	445	420
0 to 5 years	300	155	150
18 to 64 years	2,095	1,010	1,085
65 years and over	915	370	545
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	740	315	420
0 to 17 years	185	105	90
0 to 5 years	80	40	40
18 to 64 years	330	150	180
65 years and over	215	60	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	17.4	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	21.8	23.2	20.4
0 to 5 years (%)	26.0	24.0	28.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.0	16.8
65 years and over (%)	23.4	17.5	27.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	3,870	1,820	2,055
0 to 17 years	860	440	415
0 to 5 years	305	155	150
18 to 64 years	2,095	1,005	1,090
65 years and over	915	370	545
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	180	105	80
0 to 17 years	40	25	15
0 to 5 years	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	130	75	55
65 years and over	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	5.8	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	5.6	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	8.0	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	7.4	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	3,875	1,820	2,050
In bottom half of the distribution	2,505	1,120	1,385
In bottom decile	615	270	345
In second decile	660	280	380
In third decile	430	190	235
In fourth decile	410	200	215
In fifth decile	390	185	205
In top half of the distribution	1,365	700	670
In sixth decile	370	195	175
In seventh decile	305	155	155
In eighth decile	325	165	160
In ninth decile	215	110	110
In top decile	145	80	65
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	3,870	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.324	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.493	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.282	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.6	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	3,880	1,825	2,050
English only	3,765	1,765	1,995
French only	0	0	0
English and French	110	50	55
Neither English nor French	10	10	0
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	3,880	1,825	2,050
English	3,850	1,815	2,040
French	20	5	10
English and French	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	5	0	0
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	3,880	1,825	2,050
Single responses	3,805	1,790	2,015
Official languages	3,380	1,600	1,780
English	3,360	1,590	1,765
French	20	10	10
Non-official languages	420	185	230
Indigenous languages³⁹	65	25	35
Algonquian languages	55	25	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	40	20	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	40	20	25
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	5	5	5
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	15	20
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	10	5	5
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	15	5	5
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	360	165	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	10	20
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	250	110	140
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	50	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	50	65
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	20	15	5
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5
Russian	10	0	5
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	35	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	35	45
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	55	20	35
German	50	15	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	5	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	25
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5
Chinese languages	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	40
English and French	5	0	5
English and non-official language(s)	70	35	35
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	3,880	1,825	2,050
English	3,535	1,665	1,870
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	65	35	30
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	65	35	30
English and French	10	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	265	120	145
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	3,880	1,825	2,050
Single responses	3,795	1,795	2,000
Official languages	3,670	1,730	1,940
English	3,670	1,730	1,935
French	5	0	0
Non-official languages	125	70	60
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	120	70	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	20	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	0
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	5	0	5
German	5	0	5
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	20
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0
Chinese languages	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	30	55
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	85	30	55
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	3,875	1,825	2,055
None	3,670	1,725	1,945
English	40	15	25
French	15	5	5
Non-official language	115	55	60
Indigenous³⁹	20	10	10
Non-Indigenous	95	40	50
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	20	15	10
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	10
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	3,870	1,870	2,005
Official languages	3,865	1,860	2,000
English	3,865	1,860	2,000
French	100	50	50
Non-official languages	575	255	320
Indigenous languages³⁹	115	40	75
Algonquian languages	90	40	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	65	30	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	65	30	35
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	10	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	25	30
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	15	20
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	35	15	20
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	30	10	20
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	465	215	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	25	20
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	15	25
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	140	165
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	65	90
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	65	90
Belarusian	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	10
Rusyn	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	55	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	25	40
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	60	25	30
German	55	20	30
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	35	40
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	40
Assamese	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	30	0
Hindi	65	35	30
Kacchi	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	0	20
Rohingya	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0
Ndebele	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	15	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	0
Chinese languages	20	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,875	1,870	2,005
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	1,180	570	605
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	1,155	565	590
First Nations (North American Indian)	590	270	320
Métis	560	295	265
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	10
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	10	0	10
Non-Indigenous identity	2,695	1,300	1,395
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	3,875	1,870	2,005
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	555	250	300
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,320	1,615	1,700
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	1,800	...	...
Owner	1,040	...	...
Renter	760	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	1,800	...	...
Condominium	150	...	...
Not condominium	1,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	1,800	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...
1 bedroom	220	...	...
2 bedrooms	540	...	...
3 bedrooms	495	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	1,800	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	580	...	...
5 rooms	285	...	...
6 rooms	245	...	...
7 rooms	215	...	...
8 or more rooms	475	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	1,800	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,760	...	...
More than one person per room	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	1,800	...	...
Suitable	1,700	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	1,800	...	...
1960 or before	380	...	...
1961 to 1980	735	...	...
1981 to 1990	215	...	...
1991 to 2000	205	...	...
2001 to 2005	70	...	...
2006 to 2010	55	...	...
2011 to 2015	85	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	1,800	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	1,700	...	...
Major repairs needed	105	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	1,800	...	...
One-maintainer household	1,110	...	...
Two-maintainer household	640	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	1,800	...	...
15 to 24 years	75	...	...
25 to 34 years	270	...	...
35 to 44 years	210	...	...
45 to 54 years	235	...	...
55 to 64 years	355	...	...
65 to 74 years	255	...	...
75 to 84 years	240	...	...
85 years and over	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	1,790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,545	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	250	...	...
30% to less than 100%	235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	1,800	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	420	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	225	...	...
Not suitable only	90	...	...
Major repairs needed only	85	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...
Acceptable housing	1,375	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	1,780	...	...
In core need	100	...	...
Not in core need	1,685	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,040	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	48.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	3.9	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	878	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	200,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	214,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	755	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	27.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	27.8	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	13.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	700	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	710	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	3,875	1,870	2,005
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	705	335	370
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	695	335	355
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	585	275	310
Métis single ancestry	100	55	40
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	480	235	245
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	425	205	215
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	100	45	55
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	320	155	165
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	2,685	1,305	1,385
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	3,870	1,870	2,000
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	3,705	1,790	1,920
Canadian citizens aged under 18	860	480	385
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,845	1,310	1,535
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	170	85	85
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	3,870	1,870	2,000
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	3,605	1,740	1,865
Immigrants⁸¹	195	95	95
Before 1980	25	0	20
1980 to 1990	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	15	0	10
2001 to 2010	25	20	0
2011 to 2021⁸²	115	55	55
2011 to 2015	20	10	10
2016 to 2021	100	50	45
Non-permanent residents⁸³	70	35	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	190	95	95
Under 5 years	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	40	25	15
15 to 24 years	25	0	20
25 to 44 years	95	60	40
45 years and over	15	0	10
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	190	95	95
Americas	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	55	25	30
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10
Greece	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0
Africa	35	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	35	10	20
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	95	50	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	10	10	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Philippines	35	15	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
India	40	20	15
Pakistan	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	0	0	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	95	50	50
Americas	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
United States of America	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	65	35	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
India	35	20	15
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0
Philippines	35	15	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	3,870	1,870	2,005
First generation¹⁰⁰	300	150	150
Second generation¹⁰¹	515	225	290
Third generation or more¹⁰²	3,060	1,495	1,560
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	165	85	80
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	140	80	65
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	50	45	10
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	85	30	55
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	20	15	10
Refugees¹⁰⁸	0	0	0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	165	85	80
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	0	0	0
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	30	20	10
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	0	10
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	20	10	0
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	0	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	100	50	50
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	3,875	1,870	2,005
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	295	140	155
South Asian	125	60	65
Chinese	50	30	25
Black	55	25	30
Filipino	50	15	30
Arab	0	0	0
Latin American	0	0	0
Southeast Asian	0	0	0
West Asian	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities	0	0	0
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	3,580	1,730	1,845
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	3,870	1,870	2,000
Canadian	305	170	130
English	915	420	490
Irish	640	295	345
Scottish	595	265	325
French, n.o.s.¹²²	320	150	170
German	660	310	350
Chinese	50	25	25
Italian	25	10	15
Indian (India)	110	55	55
Ukrainian	865	405	465
Dutch	75	40	35
Polish	375	165	210
Québécois	0	0	0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	50	20	35
Filipino	50	20	30
French Canadian	0	0	0
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	40	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	250	110	135
Métis	490	245	250
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	40	25	10
Russian	125	70	55
Norwegian	85	40	45
Welsh	20	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0
American	20	0	15
Spanish	20	10	10
Swedish	145	85	65
Hungarian	40	20	25
Acadian	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	30	20	10
Jewish	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	120	50	70
Korean	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	0
Lebanese	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	25	10	15
Danish	60	15	40
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	340	180	165
Sikh	0	0	0
Austrian	35	20	10
Belgian	45	35	15
Haitian	0	0	0
Hindu	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0
Mennonite	45	25	20
Swiss	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	0	0	0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Icelandic	110	70	40
Colombian	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15
Syrian	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Ojibway	40	15	25
Newfoundlander	0	0	0
Hong Konger	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0
Persian	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	20	30
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0
African Canadian	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0
African American	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Northern Irish	0	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0
British Columbian	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0
Jatt	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	20	10	15
Malaysian	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0
Saulteaux	20	0	15
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0
Mayan	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Azorean	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Bamileke	0	0	0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0
Igorot	0	0	0
Fulani	0	0	0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0
Maliseet	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	3,875	1,870	2,005
Buddhist	0	0	0
Christian	2,140	935	1,210
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	250	115	135
Anabaptist	25	10	20
Anglican	240	105	130
Baptist	115	50	70
Catholic	610	240	370
Christian Orthodox	60	25	30
Jehovah's Witness	70	30	40
Latter Day Saints	0	0	0
Lutheran	100	35	65
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	145	65	75
Presbyterian	0	0	0
Reformed	0	0	0
United Church	450	200	245
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	60	45	20
Hindu	60	40	20
Jewish	0	0	0
Muslim	0	0	0
Sikh	20	0	20
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	0	0	0
No religion and secular perspectives	1,620	880	740
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	3,825	1,845	1,980
Non-movers	3,215	1,560	1,655
Movers	610	290	320
Non-migrants	265	130	135
Migrants	345	155	190
Internal migrants	345	155	190
Intraprovincial migrants	245	105	140
Interprovincial migrants	100	45	50
External migrants	0	0	0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	3,620	1,725	1,890
Non-movers	2,100	985	1,110
Movers	1,515	740	780
Non-migrants	500	250	250
Migrants	1,015	490	525
Internal migrants	870	405	465
Intraprovincial migrants	720	350	365
Interprovincial migrants	160	55	100
External migrants	145	85	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,110	1,430	1,680
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	890	445	440
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	2,225	990	1,235
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,780	815	965
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	300	175	130
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	1,480	640	840
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	3,110	1,435	1,680
No certificate, diploma or degree	790	395	400
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	930	455	480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,390	590	805
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	920	390	530
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	235	165	70
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	110	55	60
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	120	110	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	565	170	395
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	65	55
Bachelor's degree or higher	470	195	275
Bachelor's degree	340	135	205
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	20	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10
Master's degree	45	25	20
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	1,780	810	965
No certificate, diploma or degree	245	145	105
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	520	260	255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,015	415	605
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	620	255	365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	140	105	35
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	55	30	20
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	85	70	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	415	130	285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	60	25	40
Bachelor's degree or higher	390	155	235
Bachelor's degree	285	110	180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10
Master's degree	45	20	25
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	3,115	1,435	1,680
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	1,720	845	875
Education	150	20	125
13. Education	150	20	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	10
Humanities	75	45	30
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10
54. History	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90	25	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	20
45. Social sciences	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	280	110	170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	15	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	225	95	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	215	205	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	20	20	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	25	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	70	70	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	85	85	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	70	50	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	25	10
Health and related fields	340	50	290
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	325	35	290
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	105	35	70
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	85	25	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	1,780	815	965
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	765	405	365
Education	90	20	70
13. Education	90	20	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10
Humanities	50	30	20
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0
54. History	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	70	15	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	190	80	105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	15	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	150	70	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	15	0
25. Library science	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	135	135	10
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	35	20
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	25	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	0
Health and related fields	290	40	250
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	270	25	245
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	10	45
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	45	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	1,780	815	965
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	765	405	365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	1,010	410	600
Location of study inside Canada	905	355	550
Same as province or territory of residence	700	280	420
Different than province or territory of residence	195	70	125
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	110	60	50
Americas	10	0	10
United States of America	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10
Belgium	0	0	0
France	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0
Asia	70	35	35
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0
Philippines	25	15	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0
India	45	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0
Oceania	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0
New Zealand	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	3,110	1,435	1,680
In the labour force	1,715	855	860
Employed	1,580	800	775
Unemployed	140	55	85
Not in the labour force	1,395	580	815
Participation rate	55.1	59.6	51.2
Employment rate	50.8	55.7	46.1
Unemployment rate	8.2	6.4	9.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	3,115	1,435	1,680
Did not work¹⁸⁶	1,335	550	790
Worked	1,780	885	890
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	925	485	440
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	855	405	450
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.0	41.5
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	1,720	855	865
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	10	20
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	1,690	845	845
Employee	1,470	685	785
Permanent position	1,230	600	630
Temporary position	235	80	155
Fixed term (1 year or more)	75	15	60
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	160	65	95
Self-employed¹⁹²	220	155	65
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	1,720	855	865
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	10	20
All occupations¹⁹¹	1,690	845	845
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	15	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	250	85	165
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	25	10
3 Health occupations	250	40	205
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	225	50	175
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	500	255	250
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	260	250	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	65	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55	45	0
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	1,720	855	865
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	25	10	20
All industries¹⁹¹	1,690	845	845
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	45	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0
22 Utilities	20	20	0
23 Construction	95	85	0
31-33 Manufacturing	110	105	10
41 Wholesale trade	40	30	10
44-45 Retail trade	240	140	100
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	55	15	45
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	70	25	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	50	30	20
61 Educational services	155	45	110
62 Health care and social assistance	390	70	320
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	135	65	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	50	30	20
91 Public administration	105	60	45
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	1,875	930	940
English	1,850	920	930
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	15	0	10
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	1,875	930	940
Single responses	1,875	930	940
Official languages	1,865	930	935
English	1,850	930	930
French	10	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0
German	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	1,875	930	940
None	1,860	930	935
English	10	0	10
French	0	0	0
Non-official language	0	0	0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	1,580	800	775
Worked at home	85	40	45
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	125	110	20
Usual place of work	1,365	650	715
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	1,365	650	715
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,225	555	675
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	95	70	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	40	20	20
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	1,495	765	735
Car, truck or van	1,230	665	560
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,125	630	500
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	100	35	65
Public transit	0	0	0
Walked	245	95	150
Bicycle	15	0	10
Other method	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	1,495	765	735
Less than 15 minutes	1,210	545	665
15 to 29 minutes	195	145	40
30 to 44 minutes	65	45	15
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	0
60 minutes and over	20	15	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	1,495	765	735
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	45	40	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	230	145	90
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	445	235	215
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	465	200	265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	180	90	90
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	125	55	70
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	875	450	420
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	20	10	5
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	855	445	410
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	600	315	280
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	15	5	10
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	10	5	10
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	5	0	0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	585	310	275

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 8, 2026).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2025-12-10

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