Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Canmore, Town (T)More information: Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	15,990	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	13,992	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	14.3	...	...	14.3	...	...
Total private dwellings²	9,173	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	6,804	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	233.5	...	...	233.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	68.47	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	15,990	7,925	8,065	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	2,055	1,060	995	12.9	13.4	12.3
0 to 4 years	620	330	285	3.9	4.2	3.5
5 to 9 years	725	360	365	4.5	4.5	4.5
10 to 14 years	715	370	345	4.5	4.7	4.3
15 to 64 years	11,155	5,460	5,695	69.8	68.9	70.6
15 to 19 years	695	390	310	4.3	4.9	3.8
20 to 24 years	800	370	430	5.0	4.7	5.3
25 to 29 years	1,140	575	570	7.1	7.3	7.1
30 to 34 years	1,330	635	690	8.3	8.0	8.6
35 to 39 years	1,330	625	700	8.3	7.9	8.7
40 to 44 years	1,205	590	610	7.5	7.4	7.6
45 to 49 years	1,140	550	595	7.1	6.9	7.4
50 to 54 years	1,100	535	570	6.9	6.8	7.1
55 to 59 years	1,215	625	590	7.6	7.9	7.3
60 to 64 years	1,195	575	625	7.5	7.3	7.7
65 years and over	2,785	1,410	1,375	17.4	17.8	17.0
65 to 69 years	1,105	575	525	6.9	7.3	6.5
70 to 74 years	755	385	370	4.7	4.9	4.6
75 to 79 years	440	235	210	2.8	3.0	2.6
80 to 84 years	250	125	125	1.6	1.6	1.5
85 years and over	235	90	140	1.5	1.1	1.7
85 to 89 years	150	60	85	0.9	0.8	1.1
90 to 94 years	60	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.9	13.4	12.3	12.9	13.4	12.3
15 to 64 years	69.8	68.9	70.6	69.8	68.9	70.6
65 years and over	17.4	17.8	17.0	17.4	17.8	17.0
85 years and over	1.5	1.1	1.7	1.5	1.1	1.7
Average age of the population	42.7	42.5	42.9	42.7	42.5	42.9
Median age of the population	42.8	42.8	42.8	42.8	42.8	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	2,570	...	...	37.8	...	...
Semi-detached house	565	...	...	8.3	...	...
Row house	1,345	...	...	19.8	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	385	...	...	5.7	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,670	...	...	24.5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	255	...	...	3.7	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	1,800	...	...	26.5	...	...
2 persons	2,835	...	...	41.7	...	...
3 persons	1,015	...	...	14.9	...	...
4 persons	850	...	...	12.5	...	...
5 or more persons	300	...	...	4.4	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,525	7,665	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	13,935	6,870	7,070	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	8,705	4,350	4,355	62.5	63.3	61.6
Married	6,595	3,310	3,280	47.3	48.2	46.4
Living common-law	2,110	1,035	1,070	15.1	15.1	15.1
Living common law - Never married	1,685	825	860	12.1	12.0	12.2
Living common law - Separated	45	25	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Living common law - Divorced	335	170	165	2.4	2.5	2.3
Living common law - Widowed	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.4
Not married and not living common-law	5,230	2,520	2,710	37.5	36.7	38.3
Not married and not living common law - Never married	3,670	1,920	1,745	26.3	27.9	24.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	280	130	155	2.0	1.9	2.2
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	855	365	490	6.1	5.3	6.9
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	425	100	320	3.0	1.5	4.5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	4,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	2,835	...	...	61.3	...	...
3 persons	840	...	...	18.2	...	...
4 persons	770	...	...	16.6	...	...
5 or more persons	180	...	...	3.9	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.6	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	4,625	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	4,215	...	...	91.1	...	...
Married couples	3,160	...	...	68.3	...	...
With children⁶	1,420	...	...	30.7	...	...
Without children	1,735	...	...	37.5	...	...
Common-law couples	1,055	...	...	22.8	...	...
With children⁶	220	...	...	4.8	...	...
Without children	835	...	...	18.1	...	...
Total one-parent families	410	...	...	8.9	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	315	...	...	6.8	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	100	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	15,525	7,665	7,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	12,200	6,090	6,110	78.6	79.5	77.8
Married spouses or common-law partners	8,425	4,195	4,230	54.3	54.7	53.9
Parents in one-parent families	415	100	310	2.7	1.3	3.9
Children⁶	3,360	1,800	1,560	21.6	23.5	19.9
In a two-parent family	2,775	1,475	1,295	17.9	19.2	16.5
In a one-parent family	590	325	265	3.8	4.2	3.4
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,325	1,570	1,750	21.4	20.5	22.3
Living alone	1,805	805	995	11.6	10.5	12.7
Living with other relatives⁷	150	65	90	1.0	0.8	1.1
Living with non-relatives only	1,370	705	660	8.8	9.2	8.4
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	4,145	...	...	60.9	...	...
Couple-family households	3,810	...	...	56.0	...	...
With children⁶	1,510	...	...	22.2	...	...
Without children	2,295	...	...	33.7	...	...
One-parent-family households	335	...	...	4.9	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	55	...	...	0.8	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	50	...	...	0.7	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	305	...	...	4.5	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	445	...	...	6.5	...	...
One-person households	1,805	...	...	26.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,185	6,455	6,730	97.8	97.5	98.0
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,400	56,800	45,200	50,400	56,800	45,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	13,195	6,465	6,730	97.8	97.7	98.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	44,000	48,800	40,000	44,000	48,800	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	12,840	6,325	6,515	95.2	95.5	94.9
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	50,400	37,200	43,600	50,400	37,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	10,540	5,285	5,255	78.2	79.8	76.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,400	43,200	34,000	38,400	43,200	34,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	11,225	5,425	5,805	83.2	81.9	84.6
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	7,450	6,500	8,100	7,450	6,500	8,100
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	1,235	605	635	9.2	9.1	9.2
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,240	4,600	5,480	5,240	4,600	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	4,480	2,115	2,365	33.2	31.9	34.5
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,200	6,455	6,740	97.9	97.5	98.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	72,800	86,600	59,600	72,800	86,600	59,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	13,200	6,460	6,740	97.9	97.6	98.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,450	68,100	49,200	58,450	68,100	49,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	12,825	6,275	6,550	95.1	94.8	95.4
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	66,900	81,600	52,900	66,900	81,600	52,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	10,540	5,295	5,245	78.2	80.0	76.4
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	55,100	63,200	46,960	55,100	63,200	46,960
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	11,175	5,405	5,775	82.9	81.6	84.1
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	9,120	8,640	9,560	9,120	8,640	9,560
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	1,240	610	625	9.2	9.2	9.1
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,760	5,540	5,980	5,760	5,540	5,980
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	4,555	2,160	2,395	33.8	32.6	34.9
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,470	8,330	8,600	8,470	8,330	8,600
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	13,485	6,615	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,320	2,375	1,940	32.0	35.9	28.3
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	69,500	74,000	63,600	69,500	74,000	63,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	88,700	97,600	77,800	88,700	97,600	77,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	5,070	2,345	2,730	37.6	35.4	39.8
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	22,600	24,000	21,400	22,600	24,000	21,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,920	38,600	29,920	33,920	38,600	29,920
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	89.4	91.6	86.2	89.4	91.6	86.2
Employment income (%)¹⁹	60.5	59.9	61.3	60.5	59.9	61.3
Government transfers (%)²⁰	10.6	8.4	13.8	10.6	8.4	13.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.7	0.6	0.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	4.4	3.5	5.6	4.4	3.5	5.6
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.0	3.2	5.1	4.0	3.2	5.1
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	13,485	6,615	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	300	160	135	2.2	2.4	2.0
With total income	13,185	6,460	6,730	97.8	97.7	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	870	395	475	6.6	6.1	7.1
$10,000 to $19,999	970	405	565	7.4	6.3	8.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,460	615	855	11.1	9.5	12.7
$30,000 to $39,999	1,755	735	1,015	13.3	11.4	15.1
$40,000 to $49,999	1,480	655	830	11.2	10.1	12.3
$50,000 to $59,999	1,325	595	730	10.0	9.2	10.8
$60,000 to $69,999	980	520	460	7.4	8.0	6.8
$70,000 to $79,999	790	405	385	6.0	6.3	5.7
$80,000 to $89,999	695	380	315	5.3	5.9	4.7
$90,000 to $99,999	500	270	235	3.8	4.2	3.5
$100,000 and over	2,345	1,495	855	17.8	23.1	12.7
$100,000 to $149,999	1,310	770	535	9.9	11.9	7.9
$150,000 and over	1,040	720	320	7.9	11.1	4.8
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	13,485	6,615	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	290	160	135	2.2	2.4	2.0
With after-tax income	13,195	6,460	6,730	97.8	97.7	98.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	955	420	540	7.2	6.5	8.0
$10,000 to $19,999	1,035	430	605	7.8	6.7	9.0
$20,000 to $29,999	1,815	770	1,045	13.8	11.9	15.5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,050	880	1,170	15.5	13.6	17.4
$40,000 to $49,999	1,760	820	940	13.3	12.7	14.0
$50,000 to $59,999	1,340	660	680	10.2	10.2	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	1,000	515	480	7.6	8.0	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	750	390	360	5.7	6.0	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	555	315	240	4.2	4.9	3.6
$90,000 to $99,999	425	255	170	3.2	3.9	2.5
$100,000 and over	1,515	1,010	500	11.5	15.6	7.4
$100,000 to $124,999	610	380	230	4.6	5.9	3.4
$125,000 and over	905	630	275	6.9	9.8	4.1
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	13,485	6,615	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	2,945	1,335	1,615	21.8	20.2	23.5
With employment income	10,540	5,285	5,255	78.2	79.9	76.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,420	715	710	13.5	13.5	13.5
$5,000 to $9,999	760	355	405	7.2	6.7	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	1,205	505	700	11.4	9.6	13.3
$20,000 to $29,999	1,085	470	615	10.3	8.9	11.7
$30,000 to $39,999	940	455	485	8.9	8.6	9.2
$40,000 to $49,999	925	450	480	8.8	8.5	9.1
$50,000 to $59,999	785	360	425	7.4	6.8	8.1
$60,000 to $69,999	625	340	285	5.9	6.4	5.4
$70,000 to $79,999	525	245	280	5.0	4.6	5.3
$80,000 to $89,999	440	260	180	4.2	4.9	3.4
$90,000 to $99,999	345	180	165	3.3	3.4	3.1
$100,000 and over	1,485	960	525	14.1	18.2	10.0
$100,000 to $124,999	600	335	265	5.7	6.3	5.0
$125,000 and over	885	630	260	8.4	11.9	4.9
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,960	6,345	6,620	96.1	95.8	96.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	50,400	57,200	44,400	50,400	57,200	44,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,965	6,345	6,615	96.1	95.8	96.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	49,200	39,600	44,000	49,200	39,600
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	12,615	6,200	6,415	93.5	93.7	93.4
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	46,800	54,000	41,200	46,800	54,000	41,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,485	5,245	5,235	77.8	79.2	76.3
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	42,000	47,200	38,400	42,000	47,200	38,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	10,330	5,010	5,325	76.6	75.7	77.6
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	1,050	980	1,440	1,050	980	1,440
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	735	325	410	5.5	4.9	6.0
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,400	4,520	6,000	5,400	4,520	6,000
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,950	6,350	6,595	96.0	95.9	96.1
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	72,600	86,800	58,950	72,600	86,800	58,950
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,950	6,350	6,595	96.0	95.9	96.1
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,450	68,200	49,080	58,450	68,200	49,080
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	12,605	6,190	6,410	93.5	93.5	93.4
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	70,300	85,300	55,950	70,300	85,300	55,950
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,550	5,325	5,220	78.2	80.4	76.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	58,150	66,800	49,320	58,150	66,800	49,320
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	10,340	5,035	5,305	76.7	76.1	77.3
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,230	4,712	5,720	5,230	4,712	5,720
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	770	375	400	5.7	5.7	5.8
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,000	5,640	8,240	7,000	5,640	8,240
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	13,485	6,615	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	4,270	2,350	1,925	31.7	35.5	28.0
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	67,000	70,500	60,800	67,000	70,500	60,800
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	85,200	93,400	75,100	85,200	93,400	75,100
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,915	2,285	2,630	36.4	34.5	38.3
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	30,000	32,400	27,000	30,000	32,400	27,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	41,600	48,560	35,560	41,600	48,560	35,560
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	94.2	95.6	92.2	94.2	95.6	92.2
Employment income (%)	65.2	64.4	66.2	65.2	64.4	66.2
Government transfers (%)	5.8	4.3	7.8	5.8	4.3	7.8
Employment insurance benefits (%)	0.6	0.4	0.9	0.6	0.4	0.9
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	6,800	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	92,000	...	...	92,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,805	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,800	...	...	54,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	47,200	...	...	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	5,000	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	108,000	...	...	108,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	6,805	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	141,200	...	...	141,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	113,400	...	...	113,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,800	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	61,300	...	...	61,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	5,005	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	165,000	...	...	165,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	132,000	...	...	132,000	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	65	...	...	1.0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	1.7	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	160	...	...	2.4	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	165	...	...	2.4	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	140	...	...	2.1	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	185	...	...	2.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	195	...	...	2.9	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	380	...	...	5.6	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	425	...	...	6.3	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	415	...	...	6.1	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	405	...	...	6.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	395	...	...	5.8	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,630	...	...	53.4	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	860	...	...	12.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	740	...	...	10.9	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	860	...	...	12.6	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,170	...	...	17.2	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	6,800	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	1.2	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.4	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	0.6	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	60	...	...	0.9	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	1.9	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	205	...	...	3.0	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	180	...	...	2.6	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	195	...	...	2.9	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	255	...	...	3.8	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	3.2	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	470	...	...	6.9	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	515	...	...	7.6	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	495	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	475	...	...	7.0	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	450	...	...	6.6	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,010	...	...	44.3	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	960	...	...	14.1	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	630	...	...	9.3	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,425	...	...	21.0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	4,620	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	125,000	...	...	125,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	106,000	...	...	106,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,500	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	100,000	...	...	100,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	1,645	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	150,000	...	...	150,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	127,000	...	...	127,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	395	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	72,000	...	...	72,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	64,500	...	...	64,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,170	1,515	1,655	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	46,000	48,400	44,000	46,000	48,400	44,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	40,800	42,400	38,800	40,800	42,400	38,800
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	4,585	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	165,200	...	...	165,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	131,800	...	...	131,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,465	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	156,600	...	...	156,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	125,400	...	...	125,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,660	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	197,800	...	...	197,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	155,200	...	...	155,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	380	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,200	...	...	89,200	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	76,800	...	...	76,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,170	1,535	1,635	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	64,000	70,800	57,700	64,000	70,800	57,700
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,900	56,900	49,120	52,900	56,900	49,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	15,525	7,665	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,475	1,280	1,195	15.9	16.7	15.2
0 to 5 years	770	420	350	5.0	5.5	4.5
18 to 64 years	10,525	5,115	5,415	67.8	66.7	68.9
65 years and over	2,520	1,270	1,250	16.2	16.6	15.9
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,010	470	540	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	210	100	105	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	70	35	35	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	670	320	355	...	...	...
65 years and over	130	50	80	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.5	6.1	6.8	6.5	6.1	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.0	8.8	8.4	8.0	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	8.5	9.0	8.8	8.5	9.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.3	6.5	6.4	6.3	6.5
65 years and over (%)	5.2	3.9	6.6	5.2	3.9	6.6
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	15,525	7,665	7,855	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	2,480	1,285	1,195	16.0	16.8	15.2
0 to 5 years	775	420	355	5.0	5.5	4.5
18 to 64 years	10,530	5,110	5,415	67.8	66.7	68.9
65 years and over	2,525	1,270	1,250	16.3	16.6	15.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	530	265	265	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	95	45	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	40	15	25	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	390	200	190	...	...	...
65 years and over	50	20	30	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.7	3.4	4.0	3.7	3.4	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.2	3.6	6.8	5.2	3.6	6.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	4.0	3.4	3.7	4.0	3.4
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.9	1.4	2.4
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	15,525	7,670	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	5,915	2,820	3,100	38.1	36.8	39.4
In bottom decile	1,085	500	585	7.0	6.5	7.4
In second decile	1,110	510	600	7.1	6.6	7.6
In third decile	1,175	535	645	7.6	7.0	8.2
In fourth decile	1,265	625	640	8.1	8.1	8.1
In fifth decile	1,285	650	630	8.3	8.5	8.0
In top half of the distribution	9,610	4,850	4,760	61.9	63.2	60.6
In sixth decile	1,425	710	715	9.2	9.3	9.1
In seventh decile	1,595	805	790	10.3	10.5	10.1
In eighth decile	1,660	850	810	10.7	11.1	10.3
In ninth decile	1,925	945	975	12.4	12.3	12.4
In top decile	3,000	1,535	1,465	19.3	20.0	18.6
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	15,525	...	...	15,525	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.398	...	...	0.398	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.465	...	...	0.465	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.350	...	...	0.350	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	15,860	7,885	7,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	12,895	6,510	6,390	81.3	82.6	80.1
French only	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and French	2,905	1,340	1,565	18.3	17.0	19.6
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	15,860	7,885	7,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	14,900	7,390	7,515	93.9	93.7	94.2
French	830	430	405	5.2	5.5	5.1
English and French	85	45	40	0.5	0.6	0.5
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	15,860	7,885	7,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,380	7,640	7,740	97.0	96.9	97.0
Official languages	13,195	6,645	6,555	83.2	84.3	82.1
English	12,390	6,220	6,170	78.1	78.9	77.3
French	810	420	385	5.1	5.3	4.8
Non-official languages	2,180	1,000	1,185	13.7	12.7	14.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,180	1,000	1,185	13.7	12.7	14.8
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	425	185	235	2.7	2.3	2.9
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Cebuano	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	390	175	220	2.5	2.2	2.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	35	20	0.4	0.4	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	55	35	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	1,205	570	635	7.6	7.2	8.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	370	165	200	2.3	2.1	2.5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	365	165	200	2.3	2.1	2.5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	150	65	85	0.9	0.8	1.1
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	95	45	45	0.6	0.6	0.6
Russian	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	10	0	5	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	410	210	205	2.6	2.7	2.6
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	275	150	125	1.7	1.9	1.6
German	230	125	110	1.5	1.6	1.4
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	45	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	110	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
Afrikaans	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Dutch	70	35	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Swedish	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	180	90	95	1.1	1.1	1.2
Indo-Aryan languages	180	85	90	1.1	1.1	1.1
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	50	35	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Nepali	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	20	45	0.4	0.3	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	230	100	125	1.5	1.3	1.6
Catalan	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Italian	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Portuguese	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Romanian	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Spanish	170	80	90	1.1	1.0	1.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	230	95	135	1.5	1.2	1.7
Korean	45	15	30	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	65	0.8	0.7	0.8
Chinese languages	120	50	65	0.8	0.6	0.8
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	60	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	40	20	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Estonian	10	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Hungarian	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	480	245	240	3.0	3.1	3.0
English and French	145	70	75	0.9	0.9	0.9
English and non-official language(s)	265	135	135	1.7	1.7	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	15,860	7,885	7,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	12,875	6,445	6,425	81.2	81.7	80.5
French	310	150	155	2.0	1.9	1.9
Non-official language	470	240	230	3.0	3.0	2.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	470	240	230	3.0	3.0	2.9
English and French	550	275	275	3.5	3.5	3.4
English and non-official language(s)	1,480	695	790	9.3	8.8	9.9
French and non-official language(s)	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	115	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
Multiple non-official languages	60	25	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	15,860	7,885	7,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	15,455	7,690	7,765	97.4	97.5	97.3
Official languages	14,460	7,195	7,265	91.2	91.2	91.0
English	14,025	6,980	7,040	88.4	88.5	88.2
French	440	220	220	2.8	2.8	2.8
Non-official languages	995	495	495	6.3	6.3	6.2
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	995	495	495	6.3	6.3	6.2
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	220	105	120	1.4	1.3	1.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	100	110	1.3	1.3	1.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	455	225	225	2.9	2.9	2.8
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	80	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	160	80	75	1.0	1.0	0.9
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	80	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	25	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Russian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	70	35	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
German	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	20	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.1	0.1
Dutch	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	65	70	0.9	0.8	0.9
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	70	0.9	0.8	0.9
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindi	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	5	30	0.3	0.1	0.4
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	45	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
Catalan	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Italian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Portuguese	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
Romanian	5	5	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Spanish	65	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	145	70	75	0.9	0.9	0.9
Korean	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Chinese languages	60	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	40	15	20	0.3	0.2	0.3
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	410	195	215	2.6	2.5	2.7
English and French	90	50	40	0.6	0.6	0.5
English and non-official language(s)	305	140	165	1.9	1.8	2.1
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	15,860	7,885	7,980	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	14,010	7,015	6,995	88.3	89.0	87.7
English	525	255	270	3.3	3.2	3.4
French	360	175	185	2.3	2.2	2.3
Non-official language	765	345	415	4.8	4.4	5.2
Indigenous³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.1
Non-Indigenous	760	345	415	4.8	4.4	5.2
English and French	10	5	5	0.1	0.1	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	60	35	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
French and non-official language(s)	70	30	35	0.4	0.4	0.4
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	65	30	40	0.4	0.4	0.5
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	15,525	7,665	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	15,480	7,635	7,845	99.7	99.6	99.8
English	15,460	7,620	7,835	99.6	99.4	99.7
French	2,915	1,330	1,585	18.8	17.4	20.2
Non-official languages	3,415	1,620	1,790	22.0	21.1	22.8
Indigenous languages³⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	3,410	1,620	1,785	22.0	21.1	22.7
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	50	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	70	50	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	65	45	25	0.4	0.6	0.3
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	585	285	300	3.8	3.7	3.8
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	540	270	275	3.5	3.5	3.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	45	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Tamil	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,080	1,015	1,065	13.4	13.2	13.5
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	365	160	210	2.4	2.1	2.7
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	360	155	210	2.3	2.0	2.7
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	175	70	105	1.1	0.9	1.3
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	85	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Russian	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	35	15	25	0.2	0.2	0.3
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ukrainian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	685	345	345	4.4	4.5	4.4
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	525	270	255	3.4	3.5	3.2
German	480	240	240	3.1	3.1	3.1
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	80	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	140	60	80	0.9	0.8	1.0
Afrikaans	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Dutch	95	35	60	0.6	0.5	0.8
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Danish	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Swedish	30	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	140	120	1.7	1.8	1.5
Indo-Aryan languages	250	130	115	1.6	1.7	1.5
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindi	185	115	70	1.2	1.5	0.9
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
Nepali	40	15	25	0.3	0.2	0.3
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	25	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	885	410	475	5.7	5.3	6.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	160	90	70	1.0	1.2	0.9
Portuguese	60	35	25	0.4	0.5	0.3
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	730	325	405	4.7	4.2	5.2
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	305	120	185	2.0	1.6	2.4
Korean	70	20	45	0.5	0.3	0.6
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
American Sign Language	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	85	130	1.4	1.1	1.7
Chinese languages	190	70	120	1.2	0.9	1.5
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	125	40	85	0.8	0.5	1.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	85	40	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	125	55	70	0.8	0.7	0.9
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	105	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,525	7,670	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	410	195	215	2.6	2.5	2.7
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	405	195	215	2.6	2.5	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	130	75	55	0.8	1.0	0.7
Métis	275	120	160	1.8	1.6	2.0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous identity	15,120	7,475	7,645	97.4	97.5	97.3
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	15,525	7,670	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	80	55	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,445	7,610	7,830	99.5	99.2	99.6
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	4,505	...	...	66.2	...	...
Renter	2,300	...	...	33.8	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	2,865	...	...	42.1	...	...
Not condominium	3,940	...	...	57.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0.3	...	...
1 bedroom	650	...	...	9.6	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,280	...	...	33.5	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,355	...	...	34.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,500	...	...	22.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,315	...	...	34.0	...	...
5 rooms	1,180	...	...	17.3	...	...
6 rooms	1,010	...	...	14.8	...	...
7 rooms	905	...	...	13.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,395	...	...	20.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,675	...	...	98.1	...	...
More than one person per room	130	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	6,580	...	...	96.7	...	...
Not suitable	225	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	95	...	...	1.4	...	...
1961 to 1980	695	...	...	10.2	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,040	...	...	15.3	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,290	...	...	33.7	...	...
2001 to 2005	885	...	...	13.0	...	...
2006 to 2010	815	...	...	12.0	...	...
2011 to 2015	315	...	...	4.6	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	665	...	...	9.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	6,455	...	...	94.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	350	...	...	5.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	2,880	...	...	42.3	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,490	...	...	51.3	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	430	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	195	...	...	2.9	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,095	...	...	16.1	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,340	...	...	19.7	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,190	...	...	17.5	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,395	...	...	20.5	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,085	...	...	15.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	415	...	...	6.1	...	...
85 years and over	90	...	...	1.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	6,775	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,090	...	...	75.1	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,690	...	...	24.9	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,545	...	...	22.8	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	6,805	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	2,090	...	...	30.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	1,530	...	...	22.5	...	...
Not suitable only	170	...	...	2.5	...	...
Major repairs needed only	215	...	...	3.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.5	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	120	...	...	1.8	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	0.2	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,715	...	...	69.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	6,635	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	290	...	...	4.4	...	...
Not in core need	6,350	...	...	95.7	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,500	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	51.7	...	...	51.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	19.0	...	...	19.0	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,500	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,898	...	...	1,898	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	850,000	...	...	850,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	943,000	...	...	943,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,300	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	12.2	...	...	12.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	36.5	...	...	36.5	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,760	...	...	1,760	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,770	...	...	1,770	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	15,525	7,665	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	65	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	65	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Métis single ancestry	40	10	35	0.3	0.1	0.4
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	545	270	275	3.5	3.5	3.5
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	540	270	275	3.5	3.5	3.5
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	325	185	140	2.1	2.4	1.8
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	215	80	135	1.4	1.0	1.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	14,915	7,385	7,530	96.1	96.3	95.8
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	15,525	7,665	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	13,630	6,710	6,915	87.8	87.5	88.0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,345	1,215	1,135	15.1	15.9	14.4
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,280	5,495	5,785	72.7	71.7	73.6
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,895	955	940	12.2	12.5	12.0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	15,525	7,665	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	11,705	5,735	5,970	75.4	74.8	76.0
Immigrants⁸¹	3,265	1,660	1,605	21.0	21.7	20.4
Before 1980	645	340	305	4.2	4.4	3.9
1980 to 1990	265	125	135	1.7	1.6	1.7
1991 to 2000	350	140	210	2.3	1.8	2.7
2001 to 2010	665	380	290	4.3	5.0	3.7
2011 to 2021⁸²	1,340	670	675	8.6	8.7	8.6
2011 to 2015	570	270	295	3.7	3.5	3.8
2016 to 2021	770	400	375	5.0	5.2	4.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	550	265	280	3.5	3.5	3.6
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	3,265	1,660	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	320	145	170	9.8	8.7	10.6
5 to 14 years	400	215	190	12.3	13.0	11.8
15 to 24 years	410	190	225	12.6	11.4	14.0
25 to 44 years	1,900	990	910	58.2	59.6	56.7
45 years and over	235	120	110	7.2	7.2	6.9
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	3,265	1,660	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	430	185	245	13.2	11.1	15.3
Brazil	35	15	15	1.1	0.9	0.9
Colombia	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guyana	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Mexico	35	10	20	1.1	0.6	1.2
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	245	95	150	7.5	5.7	9.3
Other places of birth in Americas	85	45	35	2.6	2.7	2.2
Europe	1,460	820	640	44.7	49.4	39.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	60	40	20	1.8	2.4	1.2
Germany	110	70	45	3.4	4.2	2.8
Greece	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Hungary	80	30	55	2.5	1.8	3.4
Italy	30	15	10	0.9	0.9	0.6
Netherlands	60	40	25	1.8	2.4	1.6
Poland	70	30	45	2.1	1.8	2.8
Portugal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0.5	0.6	0.6
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	665	425	245	20.4	25.6	15.3
Other places of birth in Europe	345	160	190	10.6	9.6	11.8
Africa	110	50	60	3.4	3.0	3.7
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	30	25	10	0.9	1.5	0.6
Other places of birth in Africa	60	20	45	1.8	1.2	2.8
Asia	1,055	490	570	32.3	29.5	35.5
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	70	30	45	2.1	1.8	2.8
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	0	10	0.6	0.0	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	55	20	30	1.7	1.2	1.9
Taiwan	15	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.9
Philippines	480	235	245	14.7	14.2	15.3
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	120	75	45	3.7	4.5	2.8
Pakistan	35	15	15	1.1	0.9	0.9
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	230	95	135	7.0	5.7	8.4
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	210	115	95	6.4	6.9	5.9
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	775	400	375	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	75	30	45	9.7	7.5	12.0
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	40	10	25	5.2	2.5	6.7
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	20	10	3.9	5.0	2.7
Europe	305	155	145	39.4	38.8	38.7
France	20	15	10	2.6	3.8	2.7
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	10	0	1.9	2.5	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	100	75	25	12.9	18.8	6.7
Other places of birth in Europe	160	55	105	20.6	13.8	28.0
Africa	25	20	0	3.2	5.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	1.3	2.5	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	270	145	125	34.8	36.3	33.3
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	50	30	20	6.5	7.5	5.3
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	0	1.3	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	165	95	70	21.3	23.8	18.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	1.9	0.0	2.7
Oceania and other⁹³	95	45	50	12.3	11.3	13.3
Australia	95	45	50	12.3	11.3	13.3
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	15,525	7,670	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,045	2,020	2,025	26.1	26.3	25.8
Second generation¹⁰¹	2,890	1,435	1,455	18.6	18.7	18.5
Third generation or more¹⁰²	8,590	4,210	4,375	55.3	54.9	55.7
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,625	1,320	1,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,790	940	845	68.2	71.2	65.0
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	920	595	325	35.0	45.1	25.0
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	870	350	520	33.1	26.5	40.0
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	730	325	410	27.8	24.6	31.5
Refugees¹⁰⁸	100	50	50	3.8	3.8	3.8
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,625	1,320	1,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	30	25	10	1.1	1.9	0.8
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	1,130	595	530	43.0	45.1	40.8
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	65	30	40	2.5	2.3	3.1
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	190	100	85	7.2	7.6	6.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	10	0	0.4	0.8	0.0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	1,200	565	635	45.7	42.8	48.8
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	15,525	7,670	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	2,050	975	1,080	13.2	12.7	13.7
South Asian	400	210	190	2.6	2.7	2.4
Chinese	255	105	155	1.6	1.4	2.0
Black	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
Filipino	555	260	290	3.6	3.4	3.7
Arab	60	40	15	0.4	0.5	0.2
Latin American	185	95	90	1.2	1.2	1.1
Southeast Asian	80	45	30	0.5	0.6	0.4
West Asian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korean	75	30	45	0.5	0.4	0.6
Japanese	330	140	190	2.1	1.8	2.4
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Multiple visible minorities	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	13,475	6,695	6,780	86.8	87.3	86.3
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	15,525	7,665	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	1,710	895	815	11.0	11.7	10.4
English	4,035	2,020	2,010	26.0	26.4	25.6
Irish	2,915	1,340	1,580	18.8	17.5	20.1
Scottish	3,285	1,650	1,635	21.2	21.5	20.8
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,730	840	885	11.1	11.0	11.3
German	2,550	1,185	1,360	16.4	15.5	17.3
Chinese	270	105	165	1.7	1.4	2.1
Italian	505	245	255	3.3	3.2	3.2
Indian (India)	240	130	110	1.5	1.7	1.4
Ukrainian	1,040	515	525	6.7	6.7	6.7
Dutch	760	400	360	4.9	5.2	4.6
Polish	640	305	335	4.1	4.0	4.3
Québécois	145	65	75	0.9	0.8	1.0
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,035	445	590	6.7	5.8	7.5
Filipino	440	215	225	2.8	2.8	2.9
French Canadian	230	90	140	1.5	1.2	1.8
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	415	200	215	2.7	2.6	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Métis	260	85	170	1.7	1.1	2.2
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	305	160	145	2.0	2.1	1.8
Russian	440	205	240	2.8	2.7	3.1
Norwegian	420	195	225	2.7	2.5	2.9
Welsh	460	200	260	3.0	2.6	3.3
Portuguese	55	20	35	0.4	0.3	0.4
American	335	160	170	2.2	2.1	2.2
Spanish	145	40	105	0.9	0.5	1.3
Swedish	350	210	135	2.3	2.7	1.7
Hungarian	300	110	185	1.9	1.4	2.4
Acadian	80	35	45	0.5	0.5	0.6
Pakistani	40	25	15	0.3	0.3	0.2
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	35	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Jewish	60	45	20	0.4	0.6	0.3
Punjabi	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Greek	70	35	35	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jamaican	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	60	25	40	0.4	0.3	0.5
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	75	50	25	0.5	0.7	0.3
Korean	70	25	40	0.5	0.3	0.5
Romanian	65	15	45	0.4	0.2	0.6
Lebanese	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Iranian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Danish	205	105	100	1.3	1.4	1.3
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	45	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Sikh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austrian	160	80	80	1.0	1.0	1.0
Belgian	60	35	30	0.4	0.5	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.3
Mexican	100	50	50	0.6	0.7	0.6
Mennonite	50	20	30	0.3	0.3	0.4
Swiss	235	135	100	1.5	1.8	1.3
Finnish	140	65	80	0.9	0.8	1.0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	325	145	175	2.1	1.9	2.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	145	55	95	0.9	0.7	1.2
Muslim	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	85	50	30	0.5	0.7	0.4
Colombian	30	25	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Moroccan	15	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Czech	255	120	135	1.6	1.6	1.7
Syrian	40	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.3
Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afghan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ojibway	45	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Konger	35	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ontarian	55	30	30	0.4	0.4	0.4
Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Slovak	95	40	50	0.6	0.5	0.6
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	70	30	35	0.5	0.4	0.4
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Iraqi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	70	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquin	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
South African	25	10	10	0.2	0.1	0.1
Australian	220	125	95	1.4	1.6	1.2
Palestinian	35	30	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Chilean	95	40	55	0.6	0.5	0.7
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovenian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	20	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
New Brunswicker	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	100	45	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African American	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Northern Irish	40	10	25	0.3	0.1	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	25	0	20	0.2	0.0	0.3
British Columbian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Franco Ontarian	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Estonian	50	30	20	0.3	0.4	0.3
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
New Zealander	70	45	25	0.5	0.6	0.3
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	10	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	45	20	25	0.3	0.3	0.3
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	15,525	7,670	7,860	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	110	45	65	0.7	0.6	0.8
Christian	5,660	2,590	3,075	36.5	33.8	39.1
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	1,025	490	530	6.6	6.4	6.7
Anabaptist	30	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Anglican	530	230	305	3.4	3.0	3.9
Baptist	110	45	60	0.7	0.6	0.8
Catholic	2,405	1,145	1,260	15.5	14.9	16.0
Christian Orthodox	75	35	40	0.5	0.5	0.5
Jehovah's Witness	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latter Day Saints	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Lutheran	200	95	105	1.3	1.2	1.3
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
Presbyterian	105	55	50	0.7	0.7	0.6
Reformed	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
United Church	710	280	430	4.6	3.7	5.5
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	375	155	215	2.4	2.0	2.7
Hindu	155	80	75	1.0	1.0	1.0
Jewish	55	30	25	0.4	0.4	0.3
Muslim	115	80	40	0.7	1.0	0.5
Sikh	35	15	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	20	15	15	0.1	0.2	0.2
Other religions and spiritual traditions	175	60	115	1.1	0.8	1.5
No religion and secular perspectives	9,195	4,760	4,435	59.2	62.1	56.4
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	15,395	7,580	7,810	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	12,590	6,265	6,325	81.8	82.7	81.0
Movers	2,800	1,315	1,485	18.2	17.3	19.0
Non-migrants	1,365	680	685	8.9	9.0	8.8
Migrants	1,430	630	795	9.3	8.3	10.2
Internal migrants	1,280	565	715	8.3	7.5	9.2
Intraprovincial migrants	725	300	420	4.7	4.0	5.4
Interprovincial migrants	555	260	295	3.6	3.4	3.8
External migrants	150	70	80	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	14,910	7,360	7,550	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	7,105	3,520	3,585	47.7	47.8	47.5
Movers	7,805	3,845	3,960	52.3	52.2	52.5
Non-migrants	2,765	1,390	1,380	18.5	18.9	18.3
Migrants	5,040	2,455	2,585	33.8	33.4	34.2
Internal migrants	4,175	2,015	2,160	28.0	27.4	28.6
Intraprovincial migrants	2,670	1,330	1,340	17.9	18.1	17.7
Interprovincial migrants	1,505	680	820	10.1	9.2	10.9
External migrants	865	440	425	5.8	6.0	5.6
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,015	610	405	7.5	9.2	5.9
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	12,470	6,010	6,455	92.5	90.8	94.0
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,495	4,625	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	410	285	125	4.3	6.2	2.6
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	9,085	4,340	4,745	95.7	93.8	97.4
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	920	550	370	6.8	8.3	5.4
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,950	1,525	1,425	21.9	23.0	20.8
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,610	4,540	5,070	71.3	68.6	73.9
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,860	1,970	1,895	28.6	29.8	27.6
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	905	700	205	6.7	10.6	3.0
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	310	195	115	2.3	2.9	1.7
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	595	505	90	4.4	7.6	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,410	1,065	1,345	17.9	16.1	19.6
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	550	205	345	4.1	3.1	5.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	5,745	2,570	3,175	42.6	38.8	46.2
Bachelor's degree	3,735	1,655	2,080	27.7	25.0	30.3
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	335	160	175	2.5	2.4	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	100	80	1.4	1.5	1.2
Master's degree	1,215	495	725	9.0	7.5	10.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	275	160	110	2.0	2.4	1.6
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	9,495	4,625	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	340	245	100	3.6	5.3	2.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	1,845	1,010	835	19.4	21.8	17.1
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,310	3,370	3,935	77.0	72.9	80.8
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,925	1,500	1,430	30.8	32.4	29.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	755	570	185	8.0	12.3	3.8
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	280	170	110	2.9	3.7	2.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	475	400	75	5.0	8.6	1.5
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	1,790	790	1,000	18.9	17.1	20.5
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385	145	245	4.1	3.1	5.0
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,380	1,870	2,510	46.1	40.4	51.5
Bachelor's degree	2,930	1,280	1,655	30.9	27.7	34.0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260	110	150	2.7	2.4	3.1
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	55	70	1.4	1.2	1.4
Master's degree	895	330	565	9.4	7.1	11.6
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	165	90	70	1.7	1.9	1.4
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	3,880	2,080	1,795	28.8	31.4	26.1
Education	690	185	510	5.1	2.8	7.4
13. Education	690	185	510	5.1	2.8	7.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	330	90	240	2.4	1.4	3.5
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	315	80	235	2.3	1.2	3.4
Humanities	470	170	295	3.5	2.6	4.3
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	55	0	45	0.4	0.0	0.7
23. English language and literature/letters	110	20	95	0.8	0.3	1.4
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	45	85	1.0	0.7	1.2
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	35	10	0.3	0.5	0.1
54. History	50	40	15	0.4	0.6	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	35	0	30	0.3	0.0	0.4
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,090	425	660	8.1	6.4	9.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	65	65	1.0	1.0	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	10	85	0.7	0.2	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	170	95	75	1.3	1.4	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
42. Psychology	220	70	150	1.6	1.1	2.2
45. Social sciences	410	160	250	3.0	2.4	3.6
Business, management and public administration	1,960	865	1,095	14.5	13.1	16.0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	0	125	1.0	0.0	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,835	860	975	13.6	13.0	14.2
Physical and life sciences and technologies	615	305	310	4.6	4.6	4.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210	75	135	1.6	1.1	2.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	55	85	1.1	0.8	1.2
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	220	165	55	1.6	2.5	0.8
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	0.2	0.2	0.3
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	340	210	130	2.5	3.2	1.9
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	240	160	80	1.8	2.4	1.2
25. Library science	30	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.4
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	50	20	0.5	0.8	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,555	1,330	220	11.5	20.1	3.2
04. Architecture and related services	105	60	40	0.8	0.9	0.6
14. Engineering	535	425	110	4.0	6.4	1.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	320	285	40	2.4	4.3	0.6
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	295	285	15	2.2	4.3	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	180	10	1.4	2.7	0.1
48. Precision production	100	95	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	405	205	200	3.0	3.1	2.9
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	200	100	100	1.5	1.5	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	205	105	100	1.5	1.6	1.5
Health and related fields	1,655	465	1,190	12.3	7.0	17.3
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	365	160	200	2.7	2.4	2.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,230	265	965	9.1	4.0	14.1
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	50	30	20	0.4	0.5	0.3
Personal, protective and transportation services	500	280	220	3.7	4.2	3.2
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	335	150	180	2.5	2.3	2.6
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	70	30	35	0.5	0.5	0.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	85	0	0.6	1.3	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	9,495	4,620	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	2,180	1,255	935	23.0	27.2	19.2
Education	465	120	345	4.9	2.6	7.1
13. Education	465	120	345	4.9	2.6	7.1
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	280	75	210	2.9	1.6	4.3
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
50. Visual and performing arts	265	65	200	2.8	1.4	4.1
Humanities	320	115	205	3.4	2.5	4.2
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	45	0	40	0.5	0.0	0.8
23. English language and literature/letters	75	15	65	0.8	0.3	1.3
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	35	65	1.0	0.8	1.3
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	0.3	0.4	0.0
54. History	40	35	10	0.4	0.8	0.2
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	815	320	500	8.6	6.9	10.3
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	65	45	1.2	1.4	0.9
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	60	0.7	0.0	1.2
22. Legal professions and studies	110	55	55	1.2	1.2	1.1
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
42. Psychology	165	60	100	1.7	1.3	2.1
45. Social sciences	325	120	200	3.4	2.6	4.1
Business, management and public administration	1,580	685	895	16.6	14.8	18.4
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	0	95	1.1	0.0	2.0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,475	675	800	15.5	14.6	16.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	450	195	250	4.7	4.2	5.1
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	45	125	1.8	1.0	2.6
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	35	65	1.0	0.8	1.3
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
40. Physical sciences	150	105	45	1.6	2.3	0.9
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	270	175	95	2.8	3.8	2.0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	140	70	2.2	3.0	1.4
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	35	15	0.5	0.8	0.3
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,160	955	205	12.2	20.7	4.2
04. Architecture and related services	75	40	35	0.8	0.9	0.7
14. Engineering	390	285	105	4.1	6.2	2.2
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	260	215	40	2.7	4.7	0.8
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	235	225	10	2.5	4.9	0.2
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	120	10	1.4	2.6	0.2
48. Precision production	75	70	0	0.8	1.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	140	170	3.2	3.0	3.5
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	130	55	75	1.4	1.2	1.5
03. Natural resources and conservation	180	85	95	1.9	1.8	2.0
Health and related fields	1,230	360	870	13.0	7.8	17.9
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	315	135	170	3.3	2.9	3.5
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	870	190	680	9.2	4.1	14.0
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	45	25	20	0.5	0.5	0.4
Personal, protective and transportation services	440	240	200	4.6	5.2	4.1
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	310	145	170	3.3	3.1	3.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	55	20	30	0.6	0.4	0.6
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0	0.7	1.4	0.0
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	9,495	4,620	4,870	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,180	1,255	935	23.0	27.2	19.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	7,310	3,375	3,940	77.0	73.1	80.9
Location of study inside Canada	5,460	2,500	2,960	57.5	54.1	60.8
Same as province or territory of residence	2,505	1,120	1,385	26.4	24.2	28.4
Different than province or territory of residence	2,955	1,380	1,575	31.1	29.9	32.3
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,850	865	980	19.5	18.7	20.1
Americas	335	145	190	3.5	3.1	3.9
United States of America	250	95	155	2.6	2.1	3.2
Mexico	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.2
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	45	30	15	0.5	0.6	0.3
Europe	750	380	365	7.9	8.2	7.5
Belgium	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
France	55	30	25	0.6	0.6	0.5
Germany	45	35	10	0.5	0.8	0.2
Netherlands	20	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Switzerland	50	40	15	0.5	0.9	0.3
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	35	10	20	0.4	0.2	0.4
United Kingdom⁸⁷	345	175	170	3.6	3.8	3.5
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	130	50	85	1.4	1.1	1.7
Africa	30	20	10	0.3	0.4	0.2
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Other locations of study in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	540	215	325	5.7	4.7	6.7
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0.2	0.0	0.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	100	30	75	1.1	0.6	1.5
Korea, South⁹²	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Philippines	235	95	140	2.5	2.1	2.9
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	100	50	50	1.1	1.1	1.0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Asia	25	15	10	0.3	0.3	0.2
Oceania	200	110	90	2.1	2.4	1.8
Australia	190	100	90	2.0	2.2	1.8
New Zealand	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	13,485	6,620	6,865	...	...	...
In the labour force	9,700	4,920	4,780	...	...	...
Employed	8,765	4,465	4,300	...	...	...
Unemployed	940	455	480	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	3,785	1,700	2,085	...	...	...
Participation rate	71.9	74.3	69.6	71.9	74.3	69.6
Employment rate	65.0	67.4	62.6	65.0	67.4	62.6
Unemployment rate	9.7	9.2	10.0	9.7	9.2	10.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	13,485	6,620	6,865	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	3,515	1,570	1,945	26.1	23.7	28.3
Worked	9,965	5,045	4,920	73.9	76.2	71.7
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	4,500	2,505	1,990	33.4	37.8	29.0
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,470	2,540	2,930	40.6	38.4	42.7
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	40.0	38.8	39.4	40.0	38.8
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	9,700	4,920	4,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	50	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	9,615	4,865	4,745	99.1	98.9	99.2
Employee	7,380	3,635	3,745	76.1	73.9	78.3
Permanent position	5,875	2,930	2,945	60.6	59.6	61.5
Temporary position	1,505	705	800	15.5	14.3	16.7
Fixed term (1 year or more)	450	185	260	4.6	3.8	5.4
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,060	520	535	10.9	10.6	11.2
Self-employed¹⁹²	2,230	1,230	1,000	23.0	25.0	20.9
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	9,700	4,920	4,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	50	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
All occupations¹⁹¹	9,615	4,865	4,745	99.1	98.9	99.2
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	155	90	65	1.6	1.8	1.4
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,515	490	1,030	15.6	10.0	21.5
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	760	560	200	7.8	11.4	4.2
3 Health occupations	775	215	560	8.0	4.4	11.7
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	995	290	705	10.3	5.9	14.7
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	560	270	290	5.8	5.5	6.1
6 Sales and service occupations	3,195	1,505	1,690	32.9	30.6	35.3
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,330	1,180	145	13.7	24.0	3.0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	200	170	25	2.1	3.5	0.5
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	100	30	1.3	2.0	0.6
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	9,700	4,920	4,785	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	90	50	40	0.9	1.0	0.8
All industries¹⁹¹	9,615	4,865	4,745	99.1	98.9	99.2
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	25	15	0.4	0.5	0.3
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	125	40	1.7	2.5	0.8
22 Utilities	50	45	0	0.5	0.9	0.0
23 Construction	765	655	110	7.9	13.3	2.3
31-33 Manufacturing	275	175	100	2.8	3.6	2.1
41 Wholesale trade	90	65	25	0.9	1.3	0.5
44-45 Retail trade	1,080	525	555	11.1	10.7	11.6
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	255	180	75	2.6	3.7	1.6
51 Information and cultural industries	95	60	35	1.0	1.2	0.7
52 Finance and insurance	245	110	140	2.5	2.2	2.9
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	185	110	75	1.9	2.2	1.6
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,030	565	465	10.6	11.5	9.7
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	445	210	235	4.6	4.3	4.9
61 Educational services	595	175	425	6.1	3.6	8.9
62 Health care and social assistance	1,165	260	910	12.0	5.3	19.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	690	385	305	7.1	7.8	6.4
72 Accommodation and food services	1,560	800	760	16.1	16.3	15.9
81 Other services (except public administration)	425	185	235	4.4	3.8	4.9
91 Public administration	440	210	230	4.5	4.3	4.8
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	10,630	5,355	5,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	10,080	5,105	4,975	94.8	95.3	94.3
French	30	10	20	0.3	0.2	0.4
Non-official language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and French	365	150	210	3.4	2.8	4.0
English and non-official language(s)	130	70	60	1.2	1.3	1.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	0.3	0.3	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	10,630	5,355	5,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	10,610	5,345	5,265	99.8	99.8	99.8
Official languages	10,585	5,325	5,260	99.6	99.4	99.7
English	10,510	5,290	5,215	98.9	98.8	98.9
French	75	30	45	0.7	0.6	0.9
Non-official languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	20	20	0	0.2	0.4	0.0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Korean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	0.2	0.2	0.2
English and French	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	10,630	5,355	5,275	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	10,130	5,125	5,005	95.3	95.7	94.9
English	70	40	30	0.7	0.7	0.6
French	305	130	180	2.9	2.4	3.4
Non-official language	85	40	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	85	40	45	0.8	0.7	0.9
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	15	0.2	0.3	0.3
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	8,765	4,465	4,300	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,380	1,045	1,330	27.2	23.4	30.9
Worked outside Canada	35	25	20	0.4	0.6	0.5
No fixed workplace address	1,050	785	265	12.0	17.6	6.2
Usual place of work	5,300	2,605	2,690	60.5	58.3	62.6
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	5,300	2,610	2,690	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,495	1,560	1,935	65.9	59.8	71.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,055	615	440	19.9	23.6	16.4
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	665	385	280	12.5	14.8	10.4
Commute to a different province or territory	85	45	30	1.6	1.7	1.1
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	6,345	3,395	2,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	4,735	2,635	2,095	74.6	77.6	70.9
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,395	2,500	1,900	69.3	73.6	64.3
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	335	140	200	5.3	4.1	6.8
Public transit	160	65	100	2.5	1.9	3.4
Walked	835	345	485	13.2	10.2	16.4
Bicycle	425	255	170	6.7	7.5	5.8
Other method	190	95	95	3.0	2.8	3.2
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	6,345	3,395	2,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	3,550	1,740	1,810	55.9	51.3	61.3
15 to 29 minutes	1,655	895	760	26.1	26.4	25.7
30 to 44 minutes	545	365	185	8.6	10.8	6.3
45 to 59 minutes	145	85	55	2.3	2.5	1.9
60 minutes and over	450	305	145	7.1	9.0	4.9
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	6,345	3,395	2,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	275	185	90	4.3	5.4	3.0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	840	550	290	13.2	16.2	9.8
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,485	870	615	23.4	25.6	20.8
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,670	715	955	26.3	21.1	32.3
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,270	590	680	20.0	17.4	23.0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	810	480	330	12.8	14.1	11.2
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	2,525	1,315	1,215	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	435	220	215	17.2	16.7	17.7
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	2,085	1,095	990	82.6	83.3	81.5
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	1,850	955	895	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	335	170	165	18.1	17.8	18.4
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	235	110	120	12.7	11.5	13.4
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	105	60	45	5.7	6.3	5.0
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	1,515	790	725	81.9	82.7	81.0

Symbol legend

...
not applicable

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 8, 2026).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2025-12-10

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