Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	NunavutMore information: [Territory] Remove Nunavut, Territory			NunavutMore information: Nunavut [Economic region] Remove Nunavut, Economic region
	Counts			Counts
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	36,858	...	...	36,858	...	...
Population, 2016¹	35,944	...	...	35,944	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,720	...	...	11,720	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	9,926	...	...	9,926	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,836,993.78	...	...	1,836,993.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	36,855	18,770	18,090	36,860	18,765	18,090
0 to 14 years	12,080	6,175	5,905	12,080	6,175	5,905
0 to 4 years	4,385	2,295	2,085	4,385	2,295	2,090
5 to 9 years	3,990	2,030	1,965	3,990	2,030	1,965
10 to 14 years	3,705	1,850	1,850	3,705	1,855	1,850
15 to 64 years	23,170	11,740	11,430	23,170	11,740	11,435
15 to 19 years	3,085	1,535	1,550	3,085	1,535	1,550
20 to 24 years	2,860	1,475	1,385	2,860	1,475	1,385
25 to 29 years	2,990	1,470	1,520	2,990	1,470	1,520
30 to 34 years	3,040	1,555	1,485	3,035	1,555	1,485
35 to 39 years	2,370	1,195	1,175	2,370	1,190	1,180
40 to 44 years	2,110	1,085	1,025	2,110	1,085	1,030
45 to 49 years	1,930	965	960	1,930	965	960
50 to 54 years	1,985	995	990	1,985	995	990
55 to 59 years	1,615	840	770	1,615	840	775
60 to 64 years	1,190	625	565	1,185	625	565
65 years and over	1,605	855	755	1,605	855	755
65 to 69 years	720	395	325	720	400	325
70 to 74 years	485	260	225	480	260	225
75 to 79 years	220	115	105	220	115	105
80 to 84 years	105	50	50	100	50	50
85 years and over	80	35	50	80	35	50
85 to 89 years	60	30	35	60	30	30
90 to 94 years	20	10	15	20	10	10
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	32.8	32.9	32.6	32.8	32.9	32.6
15 to 64 years	62.9	62.5	63.2	62.9	62.6	63.2
65 years and over	4.4	4.6	4.2	4.4	4.6	4.2
85 years and over	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3
Average age of the population	28.3	28.3	28.2	28.3	28.3	28.2
Median age of the population	25.6	25.6	25.8	25.6	25.6	25.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Single-detached house	4,275	...	...	4,275	...	...
Semi-detached house	960	...	...	960	...	...
Row house	3,025	...	...	3,025	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	190	...	...	190	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,345	...	...	1,345	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	110	...	...	110	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
1 person	1,955	...	...	1,955	...	...
2 persons	1,915	...	...	1,915	...	...
3 persons	1,415	...	...	1,415	...	...
4 persons	1,400	...	...	1,395	...	...
5 or more persons	3,245	...	...	3,240	...	...
Number of persons in private households	36,605	18,580	18,025	36,605	18,585	18,020
Average household size	3.7	...	...	3.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	24,780	12,595	12,185	24,780	12,595	12,185
Married or living common-law	12,485	6,275	6,210	12,485	6,275	6,210
Married	6,210	3,150	3,065	6,210	3,150	3,065
Living common-law	6,275	3,130	3,145	6,275	3,130	3,145
Living common law - Never married	5,925	2,935	2,990	5,925	2,935	2,990
Living common law - Separated	100	60	45	100	60	45
Living common law - Divorced	195	110	85	195	110	85
Living common law - Widowed	50	20	30	50	20	30
Not married and not living common-law	12,290	6,315	5,975	12,290	6,315	5,975
Not married and not living common law - Never married	10,575	5,650	4,930	10,575	5,650	4,930
Not married and not living common law - Separated	465	230	235	465	230	235
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	480	215	270	480	215	270
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	770	220	545	770	220	545
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	9,075	...	...	9,075	...	...
2 persons	3,075	...	...	3,075	...	...
3 persons	2,075	...	...	2,075	...	...
4 persons	1,665	...	...	1,665	...	...
5 or more persons	2,260	...	...	2,260	...	...
Average size of census families	3.6	...	...	3.6	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	9,070	...	...	9,070	...	...
Total couple families	6,065	...	...	6,065	...	...
Married couples	2,925	...	...	2,925	...	...
With children⁶	2,265	...	...	2,265	...	...
Without children	660	...	...	660	...	...
Common-law couples	3,140	...	...	3,140	...	...
With children⁶	2,370	...	...	2,370	...	...
Without children	770	...	...	770	...	...
Total one-parent families	3,010	...	...	3,010	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	2,095	...	...	2,095	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	915	...	...	915	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	36,605	18,585	18,020	36,605	18,585	18,020
Total - Persons in census families	32,260	16,140	16,115	32,260	16,140	16,115
Married spouses or common-law partners	12,125	6,060	6,065	12,125	6,060	6,065
Parents in one-parent families	3,005	920	2,090	3,005	920	2,090
Children⁶	17,120	9,165	7,955	17,120	9,165	7,955
In a two-parent family	11,710	6,180	5,530	11,710	6,180	5,530
In a one-parent family	5,415	2,980	2,430	5,415	2,980	2,430
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,340	2,440	1,905	4,340	2,440	1,905
Living alone	1,955	1,135	825	1,955	1,135	825
Living with other relatives⁷	1,730	925	800	1,730	925	800
Living with non-relatives only	660	380	280	660	380	280
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	5,545	...	...	5,545	...	...
Couple-family households	4,115	...	...	4,115	...	...
With children⁶	3,195	...	...	3,195	...	...
Without children	920	...	...	920	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,430	...	...	1,430	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	1,340	...	...	1,340	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	180	...	...	180	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	505	...	...	505	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	400	...	...	400	...	...
One-person households	1,955	...	...	1,955	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	24,535	12,410	12,130	24,535	12,410	12,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,595	11,855	11,740	23,595	11,855	11,740
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	37,600	33,200	41,600	37,600	33,200	41,600
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,595	11,855	11,740	23,595	11,855	11,740
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	35,600	31,400	40,000	35,600	31,400	40,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	19,165	9,465	9,700	19,165	9,465	9,700
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,200	32,800	34,000	35,200	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	17,705	8,845	8,865	17,705	8,845	8,865
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	38,000	38,400	37,600	38,000	38,400	37,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,485	11,785	11,695	23,485	11,785	11,695
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,900	4,760	8,800	6,900	4,760	8,800
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,060	1,110	950	2,060	1,110	950
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,750	6,800	6,650	6,750	6,800	6,650
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	8,620	4,400	4,220	8,620	4,400	4,220
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,500	10,900	10,000	10,500	10,900	10,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	24,540	12,410	12,130	24,540	12,410	12,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,595	11,855	11,740	23,595	11,855	11,740
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	57,200	55,400	59,050	57,200	55,400	59,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,595	11,855	11,740	23,595	11,855	11,740
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,400	47,280	51,550	49,400	47,280	51,550
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	19,165	9,470	9,700	19,165	9,470	9,700
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	56,950	58,300	55,650	56,950	58,300	55,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	17,705	8,845	8,870	17,705	8,845	8,870
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	58,100	58,750	57,400	58,100	58,750	57,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,485	11,790	11,695	23,485	11,790	11,695
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	11,010	8,890	13,140	11,010	8,890	13,140
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,060	1,115	950	2,060	1,115	950
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,510	8,480	8,540	8,510	8,480	8,540
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	8,615	4,395	4,220	8,615	4,395	4,220
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,470	10,550	10,390	10,470	10,550	10,390
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	24,540	12,405	12,130	24,540	12,405	12,130
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,185	4,035	4,150	8,185	4,035	4,150
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	95,000	94,000	96,000	95,000	94,000	96,000
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	93,500	95,200	91,800	93,500	95,200	91,800
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,775	2,410	2,370	4,775	2,410	2,370
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	17,600	19,800	16,000	17,600	19,800	16,000
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	33,640	34,200	33,120	33,640	34,200	33,120
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	80.8	84.0	77.8	80.8	84.0	77.8
Employment income (%)¹⁹	76.2	79.2	73.4	76.2	79.2	73.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	19.2	16.0	22.2	19.2	16.0	22.2
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.3	1.4	1.2	1.3	1.4	1.2
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	7.4	7.5	7.3	7.4	7.5	7.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	6.7	7.1	6.3	6.7	7.1	6.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	24,540	12,405	12,125	24,540	12,405	12,125
Without total income	945	555	390	945	555	390
With total income	23,590	11,855	11,740	23,590	11,855	11,740
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,825	2,265	1,560	3,825	2,265	1,560
$10,000 to $19,999	3,005	1,645	1,365	3,005	1,645	1,365
$20,000 to $29,999	3,220	1,660	1,560	3,220	1,660	1,560
$30,000 to $39,999	2,265	1,025	1,235	2,265	1,025	1,235
$40,000 to $49,999	1,630	665	970	1,630	665	970
$50,000 to $59,999	1,200	575	625	1,200	575	625
$60,000 to $69,999	890	410	480	890	410	480
$70,000 to $79,999	815	405	410	815	405	410
$80,000 to $89,999	880	430	445	880	430	445
$90,000 to $99,999	840	355	485	840	355	485
$100,000 and over	5,025	2,420	2,605	5,025	2,420	2,605
$100,000 to $149,999	3,700	1,670	2,025	3,700	1,670	2,025
$150,000 and over	1,325	750	575	1,325	750	575
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	24,540	12,405	12,125	24,540	12,405	12,125
Without after-tax income	945	555	390	945	555	390
With after-tax income	23,590	11,855	11,740	23,590	11,855	11,740
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,835	2,270	1,560	3,835	2,270	1,560
$10,000 to $19,999	3,065	1,680	1,390	3,065	1,680	1,390
$20,000 to $29,999	3,415	1,775	1,640	3,415	1,775	1,640
$30,000 to $39,999	2,410	1,130	1,285	2,410	1,130	1,285
$40,000 to $49,999	1,755	745	1,005	1,755	745	1,005
$50,000 to $59,999	1,295	590	705	1,295	590	705
$60,000 to $69,999	1,145	550	600	1,145	550	600
$70,000 to $79,999	1,095	525	570	1,095	525	570
$80,000 to $89,999	1,120	465	655	1,120	465	655
$90,000 to $99,999	1,145	490	660	1,145	490	660
$100,000 and over	3,310	1,655	1,660	3,310	1,655	1,660
$100,000 to $124,999	2,150	980	1,170	2,150	980	1,170
$125,000 and over	1,160	670	490	1,160	670	490
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	24,540	12,405	12,125	24,540	12,405	12,125
Without employment income	6,830	3,570	3,265	6,830	3,570	3,265
With employment income	17,705	8,840	8,865	17,705	8,840	8,865
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,275	1,595	1,685	3,275	1,595	1,685
$5,000 to $9,999	1,575	740	835	1,575	740	835
$10,000 to $19,999	1,965	965	995	1,965	965	995
$20,000 to $29,999	1,270	685	590	1,270	685	590
$30,000 to $39,999	910	500	410	910	500	410
$40,000 to $49,999	730	410	320	730	410	320
$50,000 to $59,999	690	355	335	690	355	335
$60,000 to $69,999	655	370	290	655	370	290
$70,000 to $79,999	670	350	325	670	350	325
$80,000 to $89,999	810	380	435	810	380	435
$90,000 to $99,999	755	325	425	755	325	425
$100,000 and over	4,400	2,165	2,235	4,400	2,165	2,235
$100,000 to $124,999	1,925	855	1,070	1,925	855	1,070
$125,000 and over	2,470	1,305	1,170	2,470	1,305	1,170
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	24,535	12,410	12,130	24,535	12,410	12,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,155	11,070	11,090	22,155	11,070	11,090
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	35,200	32,400	38,000	35,200	32,400	38,000
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,155	11,070	11,095	22,155	11,070	11,095
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	31,000	36,800	34,000	31,000	36,800
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,045	9,575	9,470	19,045	9,575	9,470
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,200	32,800	34,000	35,200	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,360	9,240	9,120	18,360	9,240	9,120
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	34,000	35,600	31,800	34,000	35,600	31,800
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	20,390	10,095	10,295	20,390	10,095	10,295
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	3,800	1,700	6,950	3,800	1,700	6,950
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	1,975	1,015	960	1,975	1,015	960
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,500	8,600	8,500	8,500	8,600	8,500
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	24,540	12,410	12,130	24,540	12,410	12,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,155	11,065	11,090	22,155	11,065	11,090
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,000	54,100	55,900	55,000	54,100	55,900
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,155	11,065	11,090	22,155	11,065	11,090
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	47,480	46,040	48,920	47,480	46,040	48,920
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,040	9,570	9,470	19,040	9,570	9,470
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	55,200	56,400	53,950	55,200	56,400	53,950
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,360	9,240	9,120	18,360	9,240	9,120
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	54,500	55,850	53,150	54,500	55,850	53,150
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	20,390	10,095	10,300	20,390	10,095	10,300
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	8,220	5,810	10,590	8,220	5,810	10,590
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,970	1,015	955	1,970	1,015	955
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	9,910	9,760	10,060	9,910	9,760	10,060
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	24,540	12,405	12,130	24,540	12,405	12,130
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	8,115	4,005	4,110	8,115	4,005	4,110
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	88,000	88,000	88,000	88,000	88,000	88,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	86,900	89,100	84,700	86,900	89,100	84,700
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	4,515	2,305	2,210	4,515	2,305	2,210
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	20,200	22,400	18,000	20,200	22,400	18,000
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	36,560	37,400	35,720	36,560	37,400	35,720
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	86.2	90.2	82.4	86.2	90.2	82.4
Employment income (%)	82.2	86.2	78.2	82.2	86.2	78.2
Government transfers (%)	13.8	9.8	17.6	13.8	9.8	17.6
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.6
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	118,000	...	...	118,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	1,955	...	...	1,955	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	69,000	...	...	69,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	7,970	...	...	7,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,000	...	...	128,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	115,000	...	...	115,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	136,000	...	...	136,000	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	117,400	...	...	117,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,955	...	...	1,955	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	84,900	...	...	84,900	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	71,000	...	...	71,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	7,970	...	...	7,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	148,600	...	...	148,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	128,800	...	...	128,800	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	210	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	230	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...	250	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	165	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	245	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	455	...	...	455	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	510	...	...	510	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	455	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	500	...	...	500	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	435	...	...	435	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,765	...	...	5,765	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,145	...	...	1,145	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,085	...	...	1,085	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,385	...	...	1,385	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,145	...	...	2,145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	100	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	150	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	245	...	...	245	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	195	...	...	195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	240	...	...	240	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	260	...	...	260	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	495	...	...	495	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	615	...	...	615	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	510	...	...	510	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	575	...	...	575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	605	...	...	605	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,225	...	...	5,225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,430	...	...	1,430	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,000	...	...	1,000	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,795	...	...	2,795	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	7,775	...	...	7,775	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	126,000	...	...	126,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	113,000	...	...	113,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	945	...	...	945	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	184,000	...	...	184,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	154,000	...	...	154,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,495	...	...	4,495	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	143,000	...	...	143,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	129,000	...	...	129,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,965	...	...	1,965	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	75,000	...	...	75,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	70,500	...	...	70,500	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	3.4	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	2,615	1,515	1,105	2,615	1,515	1,105
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	71,500	58,800	89,000	71,500	58,800	89,000
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	62,800	52,800	76,500	62,800	52,800	76,500
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	7,775	...	...	7,775	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	146,600	...	...	146,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	127,300	...	...	127,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	950	...	...	950	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	186,800	...	...	186,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	154,400	...	...	154,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,495	...	...	4,495	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	163,800	...	...	163,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	142,400	...	...	142,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,965	...	...	1,965	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,800	...	...	89,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,800	...	...	80,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	2,615	1,510	1,100	2,615	1,510	1,100
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	80,100	74,500	87,800	80,100	74,500	87,800
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	67,100	62,500	73,400	67,100	62,500	73,400
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
0 to 17 years	13,945	7,090	6,855	13,945	7,090	6,855
0 to 5 years	5,155	2,720	2,435	5,155	2,720	2,435
18 to 64 years	21,085	10,660	10,430	21,085	10,660	10,430
65 years and over	1,570	835	740	1,570	835	740
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,385	2,750	2,640	5,385	2,750	2,640
0 to 17 years	2,635	1,320	1,315	2,635	1,320	1,315
0 to 5 years	1,035	545	495	1,035	545	495
18 to 64 years	2,605	1,360	1,245	2,605	1,360	1,245
65 years and over	145	70	80	145	70	80
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.7	14.8	14.6	14.7	14.8	14.6
0 to 17 years (%)	18.9	18.7	19.2	18.9	18.7	19.2
0 to 5 years (%)	20.1	20.0	20.2	20.1	20.0	20.2
18 to 64 years (%)	12.4	12.8	11.9	12.4	12.8	11.9
65 years and over (%)	9.2	8.0	10.8	9.2	8.0	10.8
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	0	0	0	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	0	0	0
65 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	x	x	x
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
In bottom half of the distribution	18,155	9,285	8,875	18,155	9,285	8,875
In bottom decile	4,460	2,300	2,165	4,460	2,300	2,165
In second decile	4,250	2,125	2,125	4,250	2,125	2,125
In third decile	3,530	1,830	1,700	3,530	1,830	1,700
In fourth decile	3,065	1,570	1,495	3,065	1,570	1,495
In fifth decile	2,845	1,460	1,390	2,845	1,460	1,390
In top half of the distribution	18,440	9,295	9,145	18,440	9,295	9,145
In sixth decile	2,835	1,445	1,390	2,835	1,445	1,390
In seventh decile	2,965	1,505	1,465	2,965	1,505	1,465
In eighth decile	3,070	1,555	1,520	3,070	1,555	1,520
In ninth decile	3,725	1,840	1,880	3,725	1,840	1,880
In top decile	5,850	2,955	2,895	5,850	2,955	2,895
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	36,605	...	...	36,605	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.366	...	...	0.366	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.520	...	...	0.520	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.331	...	...	0.331	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	36,645	18,610	18,035	36,645	18,610	18,035
English only	33,105	16,760	16,340	33,105	16,760	16,340
French only	65	30	35	65	30	35
English and French	1,390	715	675	1,390	715	675
Neither English nor French	2,085	1,105	985	2,085	1,105	985
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	36,645	18,610	18,035	36,645	18,610	18,035
English	33,955	17,170	16,780	33,955	17,170	16,780
French	575	320	255	575	320	255
English and French	95	50	45	95	50	45
Neither English nor French	2,025	1,070	950	2,025	1,070	950
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	36,645	18,610	18,035	36,645	18,610	18,035
Single responses	32,750	16,650	16,100	32,750	16,650	16,100
Official languages	12,620	6,635	5,985	12,620	6,635	5,985
English	12,100	6,345	5,755	12,100	6,345	5,755
French	520	290	230	520	290	230
Non-official languages	20,130	10,015	10,115	20,130	10,015	10,115
Indigenous languages³⁹	19,380	9,645	9,735	19,380	9,645	9,735
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	15	5	10	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	19,370	9,640	9,730	19,370	9,640	9,730
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	230	95	130	230	95	130
Inuinnaqtun	215	95	125	215	95	125
Inuvialuktun	10	5	5	10	5	5
Inuktitut	19,130	9,535	9,595	19,130	9,535	9,595
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	745	370	375	745	370	375
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	50	15	65	50	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	45	15	60	45	15
Amharic	20	15	5	20	15	5
Arabic	35	30	5	35	30	5
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	80	135	215	80	135
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	5	0	5
Ilocano	10	5	10	10	5	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	75	110	185	75	110
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	10	5	10	10	5	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	10	5	5
Tamil	15	10	10	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	260	145	110	260	145	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	25	55	30	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	30	25	55	30	25
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Polish	10	5	5	10	5	5
Russian	20	10	10	20	10	10
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Ukrainian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	25	10	40	25	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	20	10	10	20	10	10
German	20	10	10	20	10	10
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	45	35	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	30	70	35	30
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	10	15	5	10
Gujarati	10	5	5	10	5	5
Hindi	10	5	10	10	5	10
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	5	10	10	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	5	10	0	5
Urdu	20	10	10	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	10	5	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	35	80	45	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	10	10	10	10
Romanian	5	5	5	5	5	5
Spanish	55	30	25	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	10	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	10	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	10	5	5	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	5	20	10	5
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	10	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	20	5	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	45	20	25
Chinese languages	45	20	25	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	5	20	25	5	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	15	10	10	15	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	10	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,890	1,960	1,935	3,890	1,960	1,935
English and French	110	60	45	110	60	45
English and non-official language(s)	3,730	1,875	1,855	3,730	1,875	1,855
French and non-official language(s)	25	15	10	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	10	5	10
Multiple non-official languages	20	5	15	20	5	15
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	36,645	18,610	18,035	36,645	18,610	18,035
English	11,635	6,075	5,555	11,635	6,075	5,555
French	235	135	105	235	135	105
Non-official language	10,010	5,130	4,885	10,010	5,130	4,885
Indigenous³⁹	9,915	5,080	4,830	9,915	5,080	4,830
Non-Indigenous	100	50	50	100	50	50
English and French	335	155	180	335	155	180
English and non-official language(s)	14,260	7,040	7,215	14,260	7,040	7,215
French and non-official language(s)	30	15	10	30	15	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	110	40	65	110	40	65
Multiple non-official languages	35	20	20	35	20	20
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	36,645	18,610	18,035	36,645	18,610	18,035
Single responses	32,875	16,680	16,195	32,875	16,680	16,195
Official languages	17,395	8,825	8,575	17,395	8,825	8,575
English	17,060	8,640	8,420	17,060	8,640	8,420
French	340	185	160	340	185	160
Non-official languages	15,475	7,860	7,620	15,475	7,860	7,620
Indigenous languages³⁹	15,190	7,715	7,475	15,190	7,715	7,475
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	15,180	7,710	7,475	15,180	7,710	7,475
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	75	35	40	75	35	40
Inuinnaqtun	65	35	35	65	35	35
Inuvialuktun	10	5	5	10	5	5
Inuktitut	15,100	7,675	7,425	15,100	7,675	7,425
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	290	140	145	290	140	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	20	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hausa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	20	10	5
Amharic	15	5	5	15	5	5
Arabic	5	5	0	5	5	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	110	50	65	110	50	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	5	5	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	45	55	100	45	55
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	10	10	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	50	35	85	50	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Irish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	10	45	30	10
Indo-Aryan languages	45	30	10	45	30	10
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	5	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	10	5	5
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	5	20	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	0	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Spanish	20	10	10	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	10	5	5	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	5	0	0
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Chinese languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	5	10	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,765	1,925	1,840	3,765	1,925	1,840
English and French	95	45	50	95	45	50
English and non-official language(s)	3,660	1,875	1,780	3,660	1,875	1,780
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	5	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	5	5	5	5	5
Multiple non-official languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	36,645	18,610	18,035	36,645	18,610	18,035
None	25,590	13,240	12,350	25,590	13,240	12,350
English	5,470	2,730	2,745	5,470	2,730	2,745
French	185	85	100	185	85	100
Non-official language	5,230	2,475	2,750	5,230	2,475	2,750
Indigenous³⁹	4,905	2,320	2,585	4,905	2,320	2,585
Non-Indigenous	325	155	165	325	155	165
English and French	15	5	5	15	5	5
English and non-official language(s)	30	15	15	30	15	15
French and non-official language(s)	65	20	40	65	20	40
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	65	25	35	65	25	35
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
Official languages	34,515	17,480	17,040	34,515	17,480	17,040
English	34,455	17,450	17,005	34,455	17,450	17,005
French	1,455	745	705	1,455	745	705
Non-official languages	26,870	13,445	13,430	26,870	13,445	13,430
Indigenous languages³⁹	25,650	12,850	12,805	25,650	12,850	12,805
Algonquian languages	40	20	15	40	20	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	30	20	15	30	20	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	15	10	0	15	10	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	10	10	0	10	10	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Innu (Montagnais)	15	10	0	15	10	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	10	10	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	25,635	12,840	12,795	25,635	12,840	12,795
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	530	235	295	530	235	295
Inuinnaqtun	515	230	285	515	230	285
Inuvialuktun	15	0	10	15	0	10
Inuktitut	25,130	12,615	12,515	25,130	12,615	12,515
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	20	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,315	625	685	1,315	625	685
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	70	30	105	70	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hausa	0	10	0	0	10	0
Mina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	65	25	90	65	25
Amharic	20	15	10	20	15	10
Arabic	65	45	15	65	45	15
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	295	105	190	295	105	190
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	15	10	10
Indonesian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Merina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	10	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	285	100	185	285	100	185
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	15	25	35	15	25
Haitian Creole	20	10	10	20	10	10
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Krio	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sango	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	10	10	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	35	15	20
Kannada	10	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	560	290	270	560	290	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	45	40	85	45	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	85	45	35	85	45	35
Belarusian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	15	10	10
Russian	35	15	20	35	15	20
Rusyn	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Irish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	90	45	50	90	45	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	60	25	35	60	25	35
German	60	25	35	60	25	35
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	15	10	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0	10	10	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	15	0	0	15	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	125	70	55	125	70	55
Indo-Aryan languages	115	65	50	115	65	50
Assamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	20	10	10
Gujarati	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hindi	50	30	20	50	30	20
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Odia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	0	30	20	0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Urdu	50	30	20	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Parsi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	10	0	10
Persian languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	10	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	290	130	150	290	130	150
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	15	25	15	15
Portuguese	20	15	10	20	15	10
Romanian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Spanish	240	105	130	240	105	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	20	10	10
Korean	10	10	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	180	100	80	180	100	80
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Éwé	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	10	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mòoré	10	0	0	10	0	0
Mwani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ndebele	25	10	15	25	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	35	20	10	35	20	10
Soninke	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	10	10	0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	10	10	0	10	10
Yoruba	50	20	30	50	20	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	25	15	45	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuer	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
African, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Sign languages	60	15	45	60	15	45
American Sign Language	20	10	15	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	15	30	40	15	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	40	75	30	40
Chinese languages	70	30	40	70	30	40
Hakka	10	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	25	35	15	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	30	15	15	30	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	15	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	10	10
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	36,605	18,580	18,020	36,605	18,580	18,020
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	31,390	15,765	15,620	31,390	15,765	15,620
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	31,160	15,640	15,520	31,160	15,640	15,520
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	95	85	180	95	85
Métis	120	65	50	120	65	50
Inuk (Inuit)	30,865	15,480	15,385	30,865	15,480	15,385
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	200	105	90	200	105	90
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	30	15	15	30	15	15
Non-Indigenous identity	5,210	2,815	2,395	5,210	2,815	2,395
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	36,605	18,580	18,020	36,605	18,580	18,020
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	120	65	60	120	65	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	36,475	18,520	17,960	36,475	18,520	17,960
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Owner	1,905	...	...	1,905	...	...
Renter	8,020	...	...	8,020	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Condominium	800	...	...	800	...	...
Not condominium	9,125	...	...	9,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	1,420	...	...	1,420	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,915	...	...	3,915	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,010	...	...	3,010	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,525	...	...	1,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,850	...	...	4,850	...	...
5 rooms	2,225	...	...	2,225	...	...
6 rooms	1,540	...	...	1,540	...	...
7 rooms	705	...	...	705	...	...
8 or more rooms	610	...	...	610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,715	...	...	7,715	...	...
More than one person per room	2,215	...	...	2,215	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Suitable	6,615	...	...	6,615	...	...
Not suitable	3,310	...	...	3,310	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
1960 or before	235	...	...	235	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,140	...	...	2,140	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,860	...	...	1,860	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,110	...	...	2,110	...	...
2001 to 2005	825	...	...	825	...	...
2006 to 2010	915	...	...	915	...	...
2011 to 2015	1,015	...	...	1,015	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	825	...	...	825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	7,285	...	...	7,285	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,640	...	...	2,640	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
One-maintainer household	6,175	...	...	6,175	...	...
Two-maintainer household	3,275	...	...	3,275	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	480	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
15 to 24 years	300	...	...	300	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,155	...	...	2,155	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,375	...	...	2,375	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,370	...	...	2,370	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,730	...	...	1,730	...	...
65 to 74 years	725	...	...	725	...	...
75 to 84 years	220	...	...	220	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	9,910	...	...	9,910	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,345	...	...	9,345	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	560	...	...	560	...	...
30% to less than 100%	445	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	9,925	...	...	9,925	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	5,140	...	...	5,140	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	395	...	...	395	...	...
Not suitable only	2,040	...	...	2,040	...	...
Major repairs needed only	1,345	...	...	1,345	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	65	...	...	65	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	90	...	...	90	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	1,190	...	...	1,190	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	15	...	...	15	...	...
Acceptable housing	4,785	...	...	4,785	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	9,790	...	...	9,790	...	...
In core need	3,225	...	...	3,225	...	...
Not in core need	6,570	...	...	6,570	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,905	...	...	1,905	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	58.3	...	...	58.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	7.6	...	...	7.6	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	14.9	...	...	14.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,490	...	...	1,490	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,818	...	...	1,818	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	400,000	...	...	400,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	410,800	...	...	410,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,020	...	...	8,020	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	85.9	...	...	85.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	5.3	...	...	5.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	37.2	...	...	37.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	408	...	...	408	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	822	...	...	822	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	0	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	27,770	14,020	13,745	27,770	14,020	13,745
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	27,570	13,935	13,640	27,570	13,935	13,640
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	170	85	90	170	85	90
Métis single ancestry	20	10	10	20	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	27,375	13,835	13,540	27,375	13,835	13,540
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	195	90	105	195	90	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	10	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	160	70	90	160	70	90
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	25	10	15	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	10	0	0	10	0	0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	3,585	1,735	1,850	3,585	1,735	1,850
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	3,485	1,685	1,795	3,485	1,685	1,795
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	245	125	115	245	125	115
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	45	20	25	45	20	25
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	3,195	1,540	1,655	3,195	1,540	1,655
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	105	55	50	105	55	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	10	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	85	40	40	85	40	40
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	10	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	5,250	2,820	2,430	5,250	2,820	2,430
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	36,180	18,395	17,785	36,180	18,395	17,785
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,900	7,080	6,820	13,900	7,080	6,820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	22,275	11,315	10,965	22,275	11,315	10,965
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	425	190	235	425	190	235
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	35,365	17,970	17,395	35,365	17,970	17,395
Immigrants⁸¹	1,165	570	595	1,165	570	595
Before 1980	125	60	60	125	60	60
1980 to 1990	70	40	25	70	40	25
1991 to 2000	125	60	65	125	60	65
2001 to 2010	405	210	190	405	210	190
2011 to 2021⁸²	445	195	250	445	195	250
2011 to 2015	205	90	110	205	90	110
2016 to 2021	240	100	140	240	100	140
Non-permanent residents⁸³	75	45	35	75	45	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	1,165	570	595	1,165	570	595
Under 5 years	100	40	55	100	40	55
5 to 14 years	175	85	90	175	85	90
15 to 24 years	180	85	90	180	85	90
25 to 44 years	605	295	310	605	295	310
45 years and over	105	60	50	105	60	50
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	1,165	570	595	1,165	570	595
Americas	200	85	115	200	85	115
Brazil	10	0	10	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	45	15	30	45	15	30
Mexico	10	10	10	10	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	10	10	0
United States of America	65	25	35	65	25	35
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	15	40	25	15
Europe	170	100	75	170	100	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	10	0	0
France	15	0	10	15	0	10
Germany	15	10	10	15	10	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	10	10	0	10	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	10	10	10
Russian Federation	10	10	10	10	10	10
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom⁸⁷	55	35	20	55	35	20
Other places of birth in Europe	35	15	15	35	15	15
Africa	305	170	135	305	170	135
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	20	15	0	20	15	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	65	30	35	65	30	35
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	190	100	90	190	100	90
Asia	480	205	275	480	205	275
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran⁸⁸	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	10	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	25	10	20	25	10	20
Hong Kong⁹¹	10	10	10	10	10	10
Korea, South⁹²	10	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	255	95	165	255	95	165
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	15	10	0
India	65	35	30	65	35	30
Pakistan	35	15	15	35	15	15
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	35	10	20	35	10	20
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	10	10	0	10	10	0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	240	100	140	240	100	140
Americas	50	15	35	50	15	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	0	10	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States of America	15	0	15	15	0	15
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	10	10	0
France	0	10	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	70	30	35	70	30	35
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	10	10	10	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	0	15	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	10	25	15	10
Asia	105	40	65	105	40	65
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	10	10	0
China⁹⁰	10	0	10	10	0	10
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	10	10	25	10	10
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	10	0	0	10
Philippines	50	20	35	50	20	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	10	0	10
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	10
Oceania and other⁹³	0	10	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
First generation¹⁰⁰	1,295	640	655	1,295	640	655
Second generation¹⁰¹	1,050	550	495	1,050	550	495
Third generation or more¹⁰²	34,255	17,385	16,870	34,255	17,385	16,870
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	1,040	510	530	1,040	510	530
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	595	290	305	595	290	305
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	320	160	160	320	160	160
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	275	130	145	275	130	145
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	295	125	170	295	125	170
Refugees¹⁰⁸	135	85	50	135	85	50
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	15	0	0	15	0	0
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	1,040	510	530	1,040	510	530
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	110	70	45	110	70	45
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	160	55	105	160	55	105
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	15	10	0	15	10	0
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	80	40	45	80	40	45
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	10	0	0	10	0	0
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	670	330	340	670	330	340
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	36,605	18,580	18,020	36,605	18,580	18,020
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	1,325	635	685	1,325	635	685
South Asian	175	95	85	175	95	85
Chinese	65	30	40	65	30	40
Black	565	295	270	565	295	270
Filipino	315	120	190	315	120	190
Arab	35	30	10	35	30	10
Latin American	60	30	30	60	30	30
Southeast Asian	15	10	10	15	10	10
West Asian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Korean	10	0	10	10	0	10
Japanese	10	10	10	10	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	20	10	15	20	10	15
Multiple visible minorities	50	20	30	50	20	30
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	35,280	17,945	17,335	35,280	17,945	17,335
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	36,600	18,580	18,020	36,600	18,580	18,020
Canadian	1,025	535	490	1,025	535	490
English	1,405	755	650	1,405	755	650
Irish	1,580	835	750	1,580	835	750
Scottish	2,095	1,070	1,030	2,095	1,070	1,030
French, n.o.s.¹²²	880	465	415	880	465	415
German	610	315	300	610	315	300
Chinese	100	40	55	100	40	55
Italian	160	75	85	160	75	85
Indian (India)	90	50	45	90	50	45
Ukrainian	160	80	80	160	80	80
Dutch	185	85	100	185	85	100
Polish	135	65	65	135	65	65
Québécois	60	35	25	60	35	25
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	285	145	140	285	145	140
Filipino	305	125	185	305	125	185
French Canadian	145	70	75	145	70	75
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	605	305	295	605	305	295
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	100	45	55	100	45	55
Métis	125	60	65	125	60	65
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	400	205	195	400	205	195
Russian	95	45	45	95	45	45
Norwegian	120	55	70	120	55	70
Welsh	170	90	85	170	90	85
Portuguese	100	50	50	100	50	50
American	150	75	75	150	75	75
Spanish	55	25	30	55	25	30
Swedish	100	55	45	100	55	45
Hungarian	80	45	35	80	45	35
Acadian	95	35	55	95	35	55
Pakistani	30	20	15	30	20	15
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	255	120	130	255	120	130
Jewish	50	20	30	50	20	30
Punjabi	10	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	10	10	0	10	10	0
Greek	25	15	10	25	15	10
Jamaican	75	35	40	75	35	40
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	55	25	35	55	25	35
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	140	70	70	140	70	70
Korean	15	0	10	15	0	10
Romanian	30	15	15	30	15	15
Lebanese	45	25	20	45	25	20
Iranian	20	10	10	20	10	10
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	70	35	35	70	35	35
Danish	130	65	60	130	65	60
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	65	35	30	65	35	30
Sikh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austrian	20	15	10	20	15	10
Belgian	20	15	10	20	15	10
Haitian	25	10	10	25	10	10
Hindu	0	10	0	0	10	0
Mexican	20	10	10	20	10	10
Mennonite	15	0	10	15	0	10
Swiss	40	10	25	40	10	25
Finnish	40	15	30	40	15	30
Sri Lankan	15	0	10	15	0	10
Croatian	25	10	10	25	10	10
Japanese	15	10	10	15	10	10
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	20	10	15	20	10	15
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	100	60	40	100	60	40
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	20	10	10	20	10	10
Muslim	0	10	0	0	10	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	10	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	20	10	10
Icelandic	20	10	15	20	10	15
Colombian	15	0	0	15	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	0	15	10	0
Czech	10	0	10	10	0	10
Syrian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Guyanese	10	10	0	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	75	30	45	75	30	45
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	0	20	10	0
Newfoundlander	80	45	40	80	45	40
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	15	15	0	15
Turkish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	30,700	15,435	15,265	30,700	15,435	15,265
Bangladeshi	15	0	10	15	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Nigerian	40	20	25	40	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	10	30	15	10
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	20	10	10	20	10	10
Somali	10	0	10	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	10	0	10	10	0	10
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	10	0	10	10	0	10
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	20	15	10	20	15	10
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	10	0	10	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	20	10	10
Australian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	10	0	0	10	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	25	15	10	25	15	10
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	10	0	10	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	25	15	40	25	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	10	10	0	10	10
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	15	10	0	15	10	0
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	10	10	0
African Canadian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	25	10	15	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albertan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	10	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
African American	30	15	15	30	15	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	10	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	10	0	0	10	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	85	40	45	85	40	45
Latvian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	50	30	20	50	30	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	10	10	0
Northern Irish	10	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	0	0	0	0	0	0
British Columbian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Jatt	0	0	0	0	0	0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	10	10	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	60	30	30	60	30	30
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Abenaki	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	10	10	20	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania Dutch	10	0	10	10	0	10
Malaysian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	10	10	0	10	10	0
Huron (Wendat)	0	10	0	0	10	0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norman	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cape Bretoner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mayan	15	0	0	15	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cherokee	0	0	0	0	0	0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Empire Loyalist	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	10	10	0	10
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	15	0	0	15	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	20	15	30	20	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	0	20	15	0
Azorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamileke	15	0	10	15	0	10
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	10	10	10	10	10	10
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	20	10	10	20	10	10
Igorot	10	0	10	10	0	10
Fulani	0	0	10	0	0	10
Woodland Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maliseet	10	10	0	10	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Roma	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
African Nova Scotian	0	10	10	0	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	15	0	10	15	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	36,605	18,580	18,020	36,605	18,580	18,020
Buddhist	15	10	10	15	10	10
Christian	26,915	13,510	13,410	26,915	13,510	13,410
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,015	990	1,025	2,015	990	1,025
Anabaptist	15	0	10	15	0	10
Anglican	14,295	7,170	7,125	14,295	7,170	7,125
Baptist	95	40	60	95	40	60
Catholic	8,235	4,215	4,025	8,235	4,215	4,025
Christian Orthodox	40	25	20	40	25	20
Jehovah's Witness	50	25	20	50	25	20
Latter Day Saints	25	10	10	25	10	10
Lutheran	25	15	15	25	15	15
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	20	20	40	20	20
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	1,450	695	750	1,450	695	750
Presbyterian	55	30	30	55	30	30
Reformed	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Church	165	65	95	165	65	95
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	415	205	205	415	205	205
Hindu	55	35	25	55	35	25
Jewish	35	20	15	35	20	15
Muslim	140	80	65	140	80	65
Sikh	10	0	0	10	0	0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	180	80	95	180	80	95
Other religions and spiritual traditions	135	60	75	135	60	75
No religion and secular perspectives	9,115	4,785	4,330	9,115	4,785	4,330
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	35,635	18,065	17,560	35,635	18,065	17,560
Non-movers	32,160	16,340	15,825	32,160	16,340	15,825
Movers	3,465	1,730	1,740	3,465	1,730	1,740
Non-migrants	2,220	1,125	1,095	2,220	1,125	1,095
Migrants	1,250	605	645	1,250	605	645
Internal migrants	1,220	590	625	1,220	590	625
Intraprovincial migrants	490	230	265	490	230	265
Interprovincial migrants	730	365	360	730	365	360
External migrants	30	10	20	30	10	20
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	32,220	16,285	15,930	32,220	16,285	15,930
Non-movers	21,200	10,820	10,380	21,200	10,820	10,380
Movers	11,025	5,465	5,550	11,025	5,465	5,550
Non-migrants	7,005	3,475	3,535	7,005	3,475	3,535
Migrants	4,015	2,000	2,015	4,015	2,000	2,015
Internal migrants	3,830	1,925	1,905	3,830	1,925	1,905
Intraprovincial migrants	1,630	805	825	1,630	805	825
Interprovincial migrants	2,195	1,115	1,080	2,195	1,115	1,080
External migrants	185	75	110	185	75	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,540	12,410	12,130	24,540	12,410	12,130
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	14,030	7,345	6,690	14,030	7,345	6,690
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	10,510	5,065	5,440	10,510	5,065	5,440
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,065	8,585	8,475	17,065	8,585	8,475
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	8,865	4,670	4,195	8,865	4,670	4,195
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	8,195	3,920	4,280	8,195	3,920	4,280
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	24,535	12,410	12,125	24,535	12,410	12,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,740	6,615	6,125	12,740	6,615	6,125
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	4,540	2,280	2,260	4,540	2,280	2,260
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,260	3,520	3,745	7,260	3,520	3,745
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,655	2,455	2,200	4,655	2,455	2,200
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,235	1,000	240	1,235	1,000	240
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	690	510	180	690	510	180
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	545	490	55	545	490	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	3,080	1,305	1,780	3,080	1,305	1,780
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	335	150	185	335	150	185
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,605	1,065	1,540	2,605	1,065	1,540
Bachelor's degree	1,635	645	990	1,635	645	990
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	70	100	165	70	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	20	35	10	20
Master's degree	715	310	405	715	310	405
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	25	25	50	25	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	17,060	8,590	8,475	17,060	8,590	8,475
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,700	4,025	3,675	7,700	4,025	3,675
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	2,920	1,475	1,450	2,920	1,475	1,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,435	3,090	3,350	6,435	3,090	3,350
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,025	2,110	1,920	4,025	2,110	1,920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,070	860	205	1,070	860	205
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	595	440	160	595	440	160
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	470	425	45	470	425	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	2,685	1,125	1,560	2,685	1,125	1,560
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	120	150	275	120	150
Bachelor's degree or higher	2,410	980	1,425	2,410	980	1,425
Bachelor's degree	1,490	580	910	1,490	580	910
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	60	95	150	60	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	30	15	20
Master's degree	680	300	385	680	300	385
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	25	20	50	25	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	24,535	12,410	12,125	24,535	12,410	12,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	17,280	8,890	8,390	17,280	8,890	8,390
Education	880	225	655	880	225	655
13. Education	880	225	655	880	225	655
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	165	75	90	165	75	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	25	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	140	60	85	140	60	85
Humanities	310	100	210	310	100	210
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	110	15	85	110	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	30	45	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	25	35	55	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	20	30	15	20
54. History	50	20	25	50	20	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	935	320	615	935	320	615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	230	75	150	230	75	150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	30	35	65	30	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	20	170	185	20	170
22. Legal professions and studies	140	55	85	140	55	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	35	15	15	35	15	15
42. Psychology	60	15	50	60	15	50
45. Social sciences	230	115	110	230	115	110
Business, management and public administration	1,700	555	1,145	1,700	555	1,145
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	55	180	240	55	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,460	495	965	1,460	495	965
Physical and life sciences and technologies	245	130	110	245	130	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	45	55	100	45	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	25	20	45	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	65	45	20	65	45	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	20	0	25	20	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	100	40	140	100	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	85	25	110	85	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	10	10	0	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,275	1,150	125	1,275	1,150	125
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	10	35	20	10
14. Engineering	110	90	20	110	90	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	290	235	55	290	235	55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	505	490	20	505	490	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	250	15	265	250	15
48. Precision production	60	60	0	60	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	155	70	220	155	70
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	140	60	200	140	60
Health and related fields	680	190	490	680	190	490
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	75	50	20	75	50	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	585	130	460	585	130	460
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	10	0	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	10	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	710	515	195	710	515	195
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	210	85	130	210	85	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	110	75	35	110	75	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	390	355	30	390	355	30
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	17,060	8,585	8,470	17,060	8,585	8,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	10,625	5,495	5,125	10,625	5,495	5,125
Education	785	200	585	785	200	585
13. Education	785	200	585	785	200	585
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	65	75	140	65	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	120	50	70	120	50	70
Humanities	255	80	185	255	80	185
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	100	15	80	100	15	80
23. English language and literature/letters	40	10	30	40	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	20	30	45	20	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	20	10	10
54. History	45	20	25	45	20	25
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	10	0	10	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	820	265	550	820	265	550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	160	50	110	160	50	110
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	25	30	60	25	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	15	160	175	15	160
22. Legal professions and studies	130	50	80	130	50	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	25	15	15	25	15	15
42. Psychology	60	15	45	60	15	45
45. Social sciences	210	100	105	210	100	105
Business, management and public administration	1,530	500	1,025	1,530	500	1,025
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	50	155	205	50	155
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	450	870	1,325	450	870
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220	115	105	220	115	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	100	40	55	100	40	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	20	40	20	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	10	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	50	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	15	0	20	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	95	35	130	95	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	75	25	100	75	25
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	10	15	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,125	1,010	115	1,125	1,010	115
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	10	35	20	10
14. Engineering	100	80	20	100	80	20
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	265	215	50	265	215	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	445	425	20	445	425	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	220	10	225	220	10
48. Precision production	55	50	10	55	50	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	120	65	185	120	65
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	20	10	10	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	110	55	170	110	55
Health and related fields	610	175	440	610	175	440
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	70	50	20	70	50	20
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	525	115	410	525	115	410
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	10	0	10	10	0	10
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	10	10	10	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	630	470	160	630	470	160
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	185	80	105	185	80	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	105	70	30	105	70	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	345	315	25	345	315	25
Other¹⁷⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	17,060	8,585	8,470	17,060	8,585	8,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,625	5,495	5,125	10,625	5,495	5,125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	6,440	3,090	3,345	6,440	3,090	3,345
Location of study inside Canada	5,810	2,805	3,005	5,810	2,805	3,005
Same as province or territory of residence	2,400	970	1,425	2,400	970	1,425
Different than province or territory of residence	3,410	1,840	1,570	3,410	1,840	1,570
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	630	280	345	630	280	345
Americas	130	60	70	130	60	70
United States of America	95	45	55	95	45	55
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	15	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Americas	10	0	10	10	0	10
Europe	130	70	60	130	70	60
Belgium	10	10	0	10	10	0
France	10	10	10	10	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	10	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	45	30	20	45	30	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	10	0	0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Europe	25	15	10	25	15	10
Africa	100	55	45	100	55	45
Nigeria	30	10	20	30	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other locations of study in Africa	55	35	25	55	35	25
Asia	245	85	160	245	85	160
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria⁸⁹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	160	50	105	160	50	105
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	10	0	10
India	35	10	20	35	10	20
Pakistan	15	0	10	15	0	10
Other locations of study in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania	15	10	15	15	10	15
Australia	10	10	0	10	10	0
New Zealand	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	24,535	12,410	12,125	24,535	12,410	12,125
In the labour force	14,380	7,345	7,035	14,380	7,345	7,035
Employed	11,945	5,910	6,035	11,945	5,910	6,035
Unemployed	2,435	1,435	1,000	2,435	1,435	1,000
Not in the labour force	10,155	5,065	5,090	10,155	5,065	5,090
Participation rate	58.6	59.2	58.0	58.6	59.2	58.0
Employment rate	48.7	47.6	49.8	48.7	47.6	49.8
Unemployment rate	16.9	19.5	14.2	16.9	19.5	14.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	24,535	12,410	12,125	24,535	12,410	12,125
Did not work¹⁸⁶	10,815	5,535	5,280	10,815	5,535	5,280
Worked	13,720	6,875	6,845	13,720	6,875	6,845
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	8,445	4,185	4,260	8,445	4,185	4,260
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	5,275	2,690	2,585	5,275	2,690	2,585
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.0	42.1	41.5	41.0	42.1
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	14,380	7,345	7,035	14,380	7,345	7,035
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,130	685	440	1,130	685	440
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	13,255	6,660	6,595	13,255	6,660	6,595
Employee	12,795	6,370	6,430	12,795	6,370	6,430
Permanent position	9,105	4,515	4,590	9,105	4,515	4,590
Temporary position	3,695	1,850	1,840	3,695	1,850	1,840
Fixed term (1 year or more)	935	445	495	935	445	495
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	2,755	1,405	1,350	2,755	1,405	1,350
Self-employed¹⁹²	455	295	165	455	295	165
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	14,380	7,345	7,035	14,380	7,345	7,035
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,130	685	440	1,130	685	440
All occupations¹⁹¹	13,255	6,660	6,595	13,255	6,660	6,595
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	270	155	110	270	155	110
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,420	650	1,775	2,420	650	1,775
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	475	365	110	475	365	110
3 Health occupations	540	90	455	540	90	455
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,950	970	1,980	2,950	970	1,980
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	435	185	245	435	185	245
6 Sales and service occupations	3,110	1,420	1,690	3,110	1,420	1,690
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,610	2,425	180	2,610	2,425	180
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	240	225	20	240	225	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	210	175	35	210	175	35
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	14,380	7,345	7,035	14,380	7,345	7,035
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	1,130	685	440	1,130	685	440
All industries¹⁹¹	13,255	6,660	6,595	13,255	6,660	6,595
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	150	130	20	150	130	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	400	295	100	400	295	100
22 Utilities	335	290	45	335	290	45
23 Construction	630	530	90	630	530	90
31-33 Manufacturing	80	55	25	80	55	25
41 Wholesale trade	100	65	35	100	65	35
44-45 Retail trade	1,610	765	845	1,610	765	845
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	595	460	130	595	460	130
51 Information and cultural industries	145	70	75	145	70	75
52 Finance and insurance	105	35	70	105	35	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	415	300	115	415	300	115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	325	160	165	325	160	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	15	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	380	260	125	380	260	125
61 Educational services	1,525	420	1,110	1,525	420	1,110
62 Health care and social assistance	1,310	290	1,015	1,310	290	1,015
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	250	150	100	250	150	100
72 Accommodation and food services	360	130	225	360	130	225
81 Other services (except public administration)	315	165	150	315	165	150
91 Public administration	4,220	2,075	2,145	4,220	2,075	2,145
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	15,180	7,630	7,550	15,180	7,630	7,550
English	8,130	4,330	3,800	8,130	4,330	3,800
French	30	15	20	30	15	20
Non-official language	885	430	455	885	430	455
Indigenous³⁹	880	430	455	880	430	455
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	260	155	105	260	155	105
English and non-official language(s)	5,825	2,685	3,145	5,825	2,685	3,145
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language(s)	40	20	20	40	20	20
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	15,180	7,630	7,550	15,180	7,630	7,550
Single responses	13,320	6,810	6,515	13,320	6,810	6,515
Official languages	10,455	5,445	5,005	10,455	5,445	5,005
English	10,400	5,420	4,980	10,400	5,420	4,980
French	60	30	30	60	30	30
Non-official languages	2,860	1,355	1,505	2,860	1,355	1,505
Indigenous languages³⁹	2,865	1,355	1,505	2,865	1,355	1,505
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	2,855	1,355	1,505	2,855	1,355	1,505
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun	10	0	10	10	0	10
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	2,850	1,355	1,490	2,850	1,355	1,490
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Indigenous languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
High German languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,860	825	1,035	1,860	825	1,035
English and French	25	15	15	25	15	15
English and non-official language(s)	1,825	805	1,025	1,825	805	1,025
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	10	0	10	10	0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	15,180	7,630	7,550	15,180	7,630	7,550
None	10,900	5,585	5,310	10,900	5,585	5,310
English	1,995	940	1,055	1,995	940	1,055
French	220	135	85	220	135	85
Non-official language	2,025	950	1,075	2,025	950	1,075
Indigenous³⁹	2,020	950	1,075	2,020	950	1,075
Non-Indigenous	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language(s)	10	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language(s)	30	0	15	30	0	15
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple non-official languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	11,945	5,910	6,035	11,945	5,910	6,035
Worked at home	870	425	450	870	425	450
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,205	875	330	1,205	875	330
Usual place of work	9,870	4,610	5,255	9,870	4,610	5,255
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	9,870	4,615	5,255	9,870	4,615	5,255
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,155	4,260	4,895	9,155	4,260	4,895
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	520	260	260	520	260	260
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	145	70	75	145	70	75
Commute to a different province or territory	50	25	25	50	25	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	11,075	5,490	5,585	11,075	5,490	5,585
Car, truck or van	5,760	3,060	2,700	5,760	3,060	2,700
Car, truck or van - as a driver	4,155	2,325	1,830	4,155	2,325	1,830
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,610	730	875	1,610	730	875
Public transit	100	55	45	100	55	45
Walked	3,970	1,765	2,200	3,970	1,765	2,200
Bicycle	30	15	10	30	15	10
Other method	1,215	590	625	1,215	590	625
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	11,075	5,490	5,585	11,075	5,490	5,585
Less than 15 minutes	9,670	4,780	4,895	9,670	4,780	4,895
15 to 29 minutes	1,095	515	580	1,095	515	580
30 to 44 minutes	135	75	65	135	75	65
45 to 59 minutes	40	20	10	40	20	10
60 minutes and over	130	90	30	130	90	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	11,075	5,490	5,585	11,075	5,490	5,585
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	190	160	40	190	160	40
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	515	395	120	515	395	120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,770	1,120	650	1,770	1,120	650
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,305	2,765	3,530	6,305	2,765	3,530
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,225	565	660	1,225	565	660
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,065	485	580	1,065	485	580
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	14,180	7,205	6,980	14,180	7,205	6,980
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	535	270	260	535	270	260
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	13,645	6,935	6,715	13,645	6,935	6,715
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	9,500	4,745	4,755	9,500	4,745	4,755
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	360	185	175	360	185	175
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	215	100	115	215	100	115
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	140	80	60	140	80	60
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	9,140	4,555	4,585	9,140	4,555	4,585

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
x
suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2025).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2024-08-02

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