Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population
Profile table

Characteristic	Orangeville, Town (T)More information: Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Counts			Rates
	Total	Men＋	Women＋	Total	Men＋	Women＋
Population and dwellings
Population, 2021¹	30,167	...	...	...	...	...
Population, 2016¹	28,900^r	...	...	...	...	...
Population percentage change, 2016 to 2021	4.4	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings²	11,308	...	...	...	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents³	11,059	...	...	...	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,989.5	...	...	1,989.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	15.16	...	...	...	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups of the population - 100% data	30,165	14,610	15,560	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5,720	2,950	2,770	19.0	20.2	17.8
0 to 4 years	1,855	985	865	6.1	6.7	5.6
5 to 9 years	1,910	980	930	6.3	6.7	6.0
10 to 14 years	1,960	980	975	6.5	6.7	6.3
15 to 64 years	19,855	9,705	10,155	65.8	66.4	65.3
15 to 19 years	1,790	870	915	5.9	6.0	5.9
20 to 24 years	1,655	860	795	5.5	5.9	5.1
25 to 29 years	1,845	920	925	6.1	6.3	5.9
30 to 34 years	2,265	1,140	1,130	7.5	7.8	7.3
35 to 39 years	2,270	1,105	1,165	7.5	7.6	7.5
40 to 44 years	2,085	1,030	1,055	6.9	7.0	6.8
45 to 49 years	2,040	955	1,085	6.8	6.5	7.0
50 to 54 years	2,050	1,015	1,040	6.8	6.9	6.7
55 to 59 years	2,180	990	1,195	7.2	6.8	7.7
60 to 64 years	1,670	820	850	5.5	5.6	5.5
65 years and over	4,590	1,955	2,635	15.2	13.4	16.9
65 to 69 years	1,340	615	730	4.4	4.2	4.7
70 to 74 years	1,155	505	650	3.8	3.5	4.2
75 to 79 years	815	375	435	2.7	2.6	2.8
80 to 84 years	600	230	375	2.0	1.6	2.4
85 years and over	680	225	450	2.3	1.5	2.9
85 to 89 years	380	165	220	1.3	1.1	1.4
90 to 94 years	260	50	210	0.9	0.3	1.3
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
100 years and over	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	20.2	17.8	19.0	20.2	17.8
15 to 64 years	65.8	66.4	65.3	65.8	66.4	65.3
65 years and over	15.2	13.4	16.9	15.2	13.4	16.9
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	2.9	2.3	1.5	2.9
Average age of the population	39.5	38.1	40.8	39.5	38.1	40.8
Median age of the population	38.8	37.6	40.4	38.8	37.6	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Single-detached house	6,600	...	...	59.7	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,265	...	...	11.4	...	...
Row house	1,245	...	...	11.3	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	140	...	...	1.3	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,230	...	...	11.1	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	565	...	...	5.1	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	0.1	...	...
Movable dwelling⁴	5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data	11,055	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 person	2,485	...	...	22.5	...	...
2 persons	3,335	...	...	30.2	...	...
3 persons	2,050	...	...	18.5	...	...
4 persons	2,100	...	...	19.0	...	...
5 or more persons	1,085	...	...	9.8	...	...
Number of persons in private households	29,690	14,445	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the total population aged 15 years and over - 100% data	24,445	11,655	12,790	100.0	100.0	100.0
Married or living common-law	14,105	7,010	7,095	57.7	60.1	55.5
Married	11,355	5,645	5,710	46.5	48.4	44.6
Living common-law	2,755	1,365	1,385	11.3	11.7	10.8
Living common law - Never married	1,885	945	935	7.7	8.1	7.3
Living common law - Separated	190	85	100	0.8	0.7	0.8
Living common law - Divorced	620	305	315	2.5	2.6	2.5
Living common law - Widowed	60	30	35	0.2	0.3	0.3
Not married and not living common-law	10,340	4,645	5,695	42.3	39.9	44.5
Not married and not living common law - Never married	6,490	3,470	3,025	26.5	29.8	23.7
Not married and not living common law - Separated	810	315	490	3.3	2.7	3.8
Not married and not living common law - Divorced	1,635	555	1,075	6.7	4.8	8.4
Not married and not living common law - Widowed	1,410	315	1,095	5.8	2.7	8.6
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data⁵	8,570	...	...	100.0	...	...
2 persons	3,735	...	...	43.6	...	...
3 persons	2,100	...	...	24.5	...	...
4 persons	2,020	...	...	23.6	...	...
5 or more persons	720	...	...	8.4	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Average number of children in census families with children⁶	1.8	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data	8,575	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total couple families	6,915	...	...	80.6	...	...
Married couples	5,545	...	...	64.7	...	...
With children⁶	3,455	...	...	40.3	...	...
Without children	2,085	...	...	24.3	...	...
Common-law couples	1,375	...	...	16.0	...	...
With children⁶	675	...	...	7.9	...	...
Without children	700	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total one-parent families	1,655	...	...	19.3	...	...
in which the parent is a woman+	1,315	...	...	15.3	...	...
in which the parent is a man+	345	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Persons in private households - 100% data	29,690	14,450	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total - Persons in census families	25,655	12,630	13,030	86.4	87.4	85.5
Married spouses or common-law partners	13,835	6,895	6,935	46.6	47.7	45.5
Parents in one-parent families	1,655	345	1,310	5.6	2.4	8.6
Children⁶	10,165	5,385	4,780	34.2	37.3	31.4
In a two-parent family	7,550	3,990	3,560	25.4	27.6	23.4
In a one-parent family	2,610	1,400	1,215	8.8	9.7	8.0
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,040	1,820	2,220	13.6	12.6	14.6
Living alone	2,490	1,055	1,435	8.4	7.3	9.4
Living with other relatives⁷	695	300	390	2.3	2.1	2.6
Living with non-relatives only	855	465	390	2.9	3.2	2.6
Household type
Total - Household type - 100% data	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-census-family households without additional persons	7,255	...	...	65.6	...	...
Couple-family households	6,020	...	...	54.4	...	...
With children⁶	3,655	...	...	33.0	...	...
Without children	2,365	...	...	21.4	...	...
One-parent-family households	1,230	...	...	11.1	...	...
Multigenerational households⁸	455	...	...	4.1	...	...
Multiple-census-family households⁹	105	...	...	0.9	...	...
One-census-family households with additional persons⁹	410	...	...	3.7	...	...
Two-or-more-person non-census-family households	340	...	...	3.1	...	...
One-person households	2,490	...	...	22.5	...	...
Income of individuals in 2020
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁰	23,975	11,500	12,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,205	11,115	12,090	96.8	96.7	96.9
Median total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,600	54,400	39,200	45,600	54,400	39,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	23,215	11,120	12,095	96.8	96.7	97.0
Median after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	47,200	36,000	40,800	47,200	36,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	21,295	10,380	10,920	88.8	90.3	87.5
Median market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	40,800	52,000	30,400	40,800	52,000	30,400
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	18,275	9,240	9,045	76.2	80.3	72.5
Median employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	43,600	54,000	33,600	43,600	54,000	33,600
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	20,690	9,595	11,095	86.3	83.4	88.9
Median government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	5,080	10,200	8,000	5,080	10,200
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	2,640	1,060	1,585	11.0	9.2	12.7
Median employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	5,480	5,160	5,480	5,480	5,160	5,480
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 100% data	6,900	3,085	3,820	28.8	26.8	30.6
Median COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,000	7,000	8,000	8,000	7,000	8,000
Total - Income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹¹	23,975	11,495	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,265	11,150	12,120	97.0	97.0	97.2
Average total income in 2020 among recipients ($)	54,450	61,850	47,640	54,450	61,850	47,640
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	23,285	11,160	12,125	97.1	97.1	97.2
Average after-tax income in 2020 among recipients ($)	45,800	51,080	40,960	45,800	51,080	40,960
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	21,355	10,460	10,890	89.1	91.0	87.3
Average market income in 2020 among recipients ($)	49,320	58,150	40,840	49,320	58,150	40,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	18,275	9,300	8,975	76.2	80.9	72.0
Average employment income in 2020 among recipients ($)	50,360	58,300	42,080	50,360	58,300	42,080
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	20,715	9,575	11,140	86.4	83.3	89.3
Average government transfers in 2020 among recipients ($)	10,310	8,460	11,900	10,310	8,460	11,900
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	2,735	1,115	1,620	11.4	9.7	13.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	6,470	5,840	6,900	6,470	5,840	6,900
Number of COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2020 - 25% sample data	7,090	3,160	3,930	29.6	27.5	31.5
Average COVID-19 emergency and recovery benefits in 2020 among recipients ($)	8,760	8,170	9,220	8,760	8,170	9,220
Total - Employment income statistics in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹²	23,975	11,500	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,250	5,210	4,045	38.6	45.3	32.4
Median employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	68,000	75,000	59,600	68,000	75,000	59,600
Average employment income in 2020 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	74,300	80,600	66,200	74,300	80,600	66,200
Number of employment income recipients in 2020 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,990	3,065	3,930	29.2	26.7	31.5
Median employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	18,800	24,800	16,400	18,800	24,800	16,400
Average employment income in 2020 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	28,400	34,240	23,860	28,400	34,240	23,860
Composition of total income in 2020 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data¹⁷	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)¹⁸	83.2	88.2	77.0	83.2	88.2	77.0
Employment income (%)¹⁹	72.6	78.6	65.4	72.6	78.6	65.4
Government transfers (%)²⁰	16.9	11.8	23.0	16.9	11.8	23.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.4	0.9	1.9	1.4	0.9	1.9
COVID-19 - Government income support and benefits (%)	5.6	4.1	7.3	5.6	4.1	7.3
COVID-19 - Emergency and recovery benefits (%)	4.9	3.8	6.3	4.9	3.8	6.3
Total - Total income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²¹	23,970	11,500	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without total income	765	385	380	3.2	3.3	3.0
With total income	23,205	11,115	12,095	96.8	96.7	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,585	645	935	6.8	5.8	7.7
$10,000 to $19,999	2,460	955	1,505	10.6	8.6	12.4
$20,000 to $29,999	3,250	1,295	1,955	14.0	11.7	16.2
$30,000 to $39,999	2,795	1,040	1,755	12.0	9.4	14.5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,545	1,120	1,425	11.0	10.1	11.8
$50,000 to $59,999	2,330	1,025	1,305	10.0	9.2	10.8
$60,000 to $69,999	1,830	970	855	7.9	8.7	7.1
$70,000 to $79,999	1,505	885	615	6.5	8.0	5.1
$80,000 to $89,999	1,325	830	500	5.7	7.5	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	970	595	375	4.2	5.4	3.1
$100,000 and over	2,610	1,745	865	11.2	15.7	7.2
$100,000 to $149,999	2,000	1,315	685	8.6	11.8	5.7
$150,000 and over	615	430	185	2.7	3.9	1.5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²²	23,970	11,500	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without after-tax income	755	375	380	3.1	3.3	3.0
With after-tax income	23,220	11,125	12,095	96.9	96.7	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,660	670	995	7.1	6.0	8.2
$10,000 to $19,999	2,570	1,005	1,565	11.1	9.0	12.9
$20,000 to $29,999	3,760	1,485	2,275	16.2	13.3	18.8
$30,000 to $39,999	3,290	1,325	1,960	14.2	11.9	16.2
$40,000 to $49,999	3,140	1,405	1,730	13.5	12.6	14.3
$50,000 to $59,999	2,570	1,355	1,220	11.1	12.2	10.1
$60,000 to $69,999	2,030	1,190	840	8.7	10.7	6.9
$70,000 to $79,999	1,440	895	545	6.2	8.0	4.5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,130	685	445	4.9	6.2	3.7
$90,000 to $99,999	605	370	230	2.6	3.3	1.9
$100,000 and over	1,025	735	290	4.4	6.6	2.4
$100,000 to $124,999	605	440	165	2.6	4.0	1.4
$125,000 and over	420	295	120	1.8	2.7	1.0
Total - Employment income groups in 2020 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data¹⁹	23,970	11,500	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Without employment income	5,695	2,265	3,430	23.8	19.7	27.5
With employment income	18,280	9,235	9,040	76.3	80.3	72.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,150	940	1,210	11.8	10.2	13.4
$5,000 to $9,999	1,325	475	850	7.2	5.1	9.4
$10,000 to $19,999	2,045	825	1,215	11.2	8.9	13.4
$20,000 to $29,999	1,580	640	940	8.6	6.9	10.4
$30,000 to $39,999	1,470	660	810	8.0	7.1	9.0
$40,000 to $49,999	1,665	750	915	9.1	8.1	10.1
$50,000 to $59,999	1,515	735	780	8.3	8.0	8.6
$60,000 to $69,999	1,310	740	570	7.2	8.0	6.3
$70,000 to $79,999	1,230	805	430	6.7	8.7	4.8
$80,000 to $89,999	1,050	675	370	5.7	7.3	4.1
$90,000 to $99,999	805	490	315	4.4	5.3	3.5
$100,000 and over	2,135	1,490	640	11.7	16.1	7.1
$100,000 to $124,999	1,270	840	430	6.9	9.1	4.8
$125,000 and over	865	655	215	4.7	7.1	2.4
Income of individuals in 2019
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data²³	23,975	11,500	12,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,840	10,930	11,900	95.3	95.0	95.4
Median total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,000	53,600	37,200	44,000	53,600	37,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	22,840	10,930	11,905	95.3	95.0	95.4
Median after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	39,600	46,400	34,000	39,600	46,400	34,000
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	21,120	10,295	10,825	88.1	89.5	86.8
Median market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	41,600	53,200	32,800	41,600	53,200	32,800
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	18,325	9,225	9,100	76.4	80.2	72.9
Median employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	44,400	55,200	36,000	44,400	55,200	36,000
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 100% data	19,440	8,940	10,495	81.1	77.7	84.1
Median government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	2,300	820	5,240	2,300	820	5,240
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 -100% data	2,030	845	1,185	8.5	7.3	9.5
Median employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	5,440	4,520	5,880	5,440	4,520	5,880
Total - Income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁴	23,975	11,495	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,845	10,920	11,925	95.3	95.0	95.6
Average total income in 2019 among recipients ($)	52,000	60,150	44,520	52,000	60,150	44,520
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	22,845	10,920	11,925	95.3	95.0	95.6
Average after-tax income in 2019 among recipients ($)	43,600	49,360	38,280	43,600	49,360	38,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	21,175	10,335	10,840	88.3	89.9	86.9
Average market income in 2019 among recipients ($)	49,880	59,000	41,160	49,880	59,000	41,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	18,430	9,320	9,105	76.9	81.1	73.0
Average employment income in 2019 among recipients ($)	51,000	59,300	42,520	51,000	59,300	42,520
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	19,475	8,955	10,520	81.2	77.9	84.4
Average government transfers in 2019 among recipients ($)	6,770	5,245	8,060	6,770	5,245	8,060
Number of employment insurance benefits recipients aged 15 years and over in private households in 2019 - 25% sample data	1,905	785	1,120	7.9	6.8	9.0
Average employment insurance benefits in 2019 among recipients ($)	7,300	5,770	8,360	7,300	5,770	8,360
Total - Employment income statistics in 2019 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data²⁵	23,975	11,500	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked full-year full-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹³	9,240	5,205	4,035	38.5	45.3	32.4
Median employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁴	65,000	72,500	56,000	65,000	72,500	56,000
Average employment income in 2019 for full-year full-time workers in 2020 ($)¹⁵	71,200	78,300	62,050	71,200	78,300	62,050
Number of employment income recipients in 2019 who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁶	6,710	2,965	3,745	28.0	25.8	30.0
Median employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	24,800	30,200	22,200	24,800	30,200	22,200
Average employment income in 2019 of those who worked part-year or part-time in 2020 ($)	34,000	40,080	29,200	34,000	40,080	29,200
Composition of total income in 2019 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 25% sample data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)	89.0	92.8	84.0	89.0	92.8	84.0
Employment income (%)	79.2	84.2	73.0	79.2	84.2	73.0
Government transfers (%)	11.1	7.2	16.0	11.1	7.2	16.0
Employment insurance benefits (%)	1.2	0.7	1.8	1.2	0.7	1.8
Income of households in 2020
Total - Income statistics for private households - 100% data²⁶	11,055	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of household in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	89,000	...	...	89,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 100% data	2,490	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	44,800	...	...	44,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	40,000	...	...	40,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 100% data	8,570	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	121,000	...	...	121,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	104,000	...	...	104,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for private households - 25% sample data²⁷	11,060	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of household in 2020 ($)	114,500	...	...	114,500	...	...
Average after-tax income of household in 2020 ($)	96,500	...	...	96,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,485	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	54,600	...	...	54,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2020 ($)	46,040	...	...	46,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics for two-or-more-persons private households - 25% sample data	8,575	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	131,800	...	...	131,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2020 ($)	111,100	...	...	111,100	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²¹	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	0.5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	1.3	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...	2.6	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	315	...	...	2.8	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...	2.3	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	245	...	...	2.2	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	335	...	...	3.0	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...	3.0	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	665	...	...	6.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	630	...	...	5.7	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	630	...	...	5.7	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	685	...	...	6.2	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	625	...	...	5.7	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,740	...	...	51.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,545	...	...	14.0	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,355	...	...	12.3	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,675	...	...	15.1	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,170	...	...	10.6	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2020 for private households - 100% data²²	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	0.6	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	0.3	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	0.7	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	1.4	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	305	...	...	2.8	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	370	...	...	3.3	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	275	...	...	2.5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	310	...	...	2.8	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	410	...	...	3.7	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	390	...	...	3.5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	770	...	...	7.0	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	825	...	...	7.5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	805	...	...	7.3	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	850	...	...	7.7	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	790	...	...	7.1	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,635	...	...	41.9	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,730	...	...	15.6	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,210	...	...	10.9	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,695	...	...	15.3	...	...
Income of economic families in 2020
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 100% data²⁸	8,355	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	120,000	...	...	120,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	103,000	...	...	103,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 100% data	2,435	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	102,000	...	...	102,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	88,000	...	...	88,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-only economic families	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 100% data	4,180	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	145,000	...	...	145,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	124,000	...	...	124,000	...	...
Average family size of couple-with-children economic families	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,505	...	...	...	...	...
Median total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	80,000	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	73,000	...	...	73,000	...	...
Average family size of one-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data²⁹	3,345	1,520	1,820	...	...	...
Median total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	42,800	46,800	39,600	42,800	46,800	39,600
Median after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	38,400	41,200	36,000	38,400	41,200	36,000
Total - Income statistics for economic families in private households - 25% sample data³¹	8,320	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of economic family in 2020 ($)	130,800	...	...	130,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic family in 2020 ($)	110,100	...	...	110,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-only economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,470	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	112,700	...	...	112,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-only economic families in 2020 ($)	94,000	...	...	94,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics for couple-with-children economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,195	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	156,600	...	...	156,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple-with-children economic families in 2020 ($)	130,800	...	...	130,800	...	...
Total - Income statistics for one-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,480	...	...	...	...	...
Average total income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	89,100	...	...	89,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-parent economic families in 2020 ($)	78,100	...	...	78,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data³²	3,395	1,495	1,895	...	...	...
Average total income in 2020 ($)³⁰	52,200	56,450	48,880	52,200	56,450	48,880
Average after-tax income in 2020 ($)³⁰	44,320	47,080	42,120	44,320	47,080	42,120
Low income and income inequality in 2020
Total - LIM low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households - 100% data³³	29,690	14,445	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,790	3,470	3,320	22.9	24.0	21.8
0 to 5 years	2,230	1,165	1,070	7.5	8.1	7.0
18 to 64 years	18,675	9,120	9,555	62.9	63.1	62.7
65 years and over	4,225	1,860	2,365	14.2	12.9	15.5
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,790	795	995	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	435	240	195	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	145	75	70	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	940	425	515	...	...	...
65 years and over	415	130	285	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.0	5.5	6.5	6.0	5.5	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	6.4	6.9	5.9	6.4	6.9	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	6.5	6.6	6.4	6.5	6.6	6.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	4.7	5.4	5.0	4.7	5.4
65 years and over (%)	9.8	6.9	12.1	9.8	6.9	12.1
Total - LICO low-income status in 2020 for the population in private households to whom the low-income concept is applicable - 100% data³³	29,690	14,450	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 17 years	6,790	3,470	3,325	22.9	24.0	21.8
0 to 5 years	2,230	1,165	1,065	7.5	8.1	7.0
18 to 64 years	18,675	9,120	9,555	62.9	63.1	62.7
65 years and over	4,225	1,860	2,365	14.2	12.9	15.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	640	330	310	...	...	...
0 to 17 years	110	70	45	...	...	...
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	...	...	...
18 to 64 years	465	240	220	...	...	...
65 years and over	65	20	45	...	...	...
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.2	2.3	2.0	2.2	2.3	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	1.7	1.9	1.4	1.7	1.9	1.4
0 to 5 years (%)	1.6	1.8	1.4	1.6	1.8	1.4
18 to 64 years (%)	2.5	2.7	2.3	2.5	2.7	2.3
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.2	1.8	1.5	1.2	1.8
Total - Adjusted after-tax economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data³⁴	29,690	14,445	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
In bottom half of the distribution	11,970	5,595	6,380	40.3	38.7	41.8
In bottom decile	1,535	720	815	5.2	5.0	5.3
In second decile	2,285	1,005	1,280	7.7	7.0	8.4
In third decile	2,285	1,015	1,270	7.7	7.0	8.3
In fourth decile	2,900	1,390	1,510	9.8	9.6	9.9
In fifth decile	2,960	1,460	1,495	10.0	10.1	9.8
In top half of the distribution	17,720	8,855	8,865	59.7	61.3	58.2
In sixth decile	3,455	1,735	1,720	11.6	12.0	11.3
In seventh decile	3,605	1,750	1,855	12.1	12.1	12.2
In eighth decile	4,120	2,065	2,055	13.9	14.3	13.5
In ninth decile	3,960	2,015	1,940	13.3	13.9	12.7
In top decile	2,585	1,290	1,295	8.7	8.9	8.5
Total - Inequality measures for the population in private households - 100% data³⁵	29,690	...	...	29,690	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household total income	0.268	...	...	0.268	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household market income	0.363	...	...	0.363	...	...
Gini index on adjusted household after-tax income	0.238	...	...	0.238	...	...
P90/P10 ratio on adjusted household after-tax income	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Knowledge of official languages
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁶	29,915	14,505	15,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English only	27,955	13,725	14,225	93.4	94.6	92.3
French only	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
English and French	1,810	710	1,105	6.1	4.9	7.2
Neither English nor French	135	65	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
First official language spoken
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁷	29,915	14,505	15,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	29,420	14,290	15,130	98.3	98.5	98.2
French	315	135	180	1.1	0.9	1.2
English and French	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Neither English nor French	125	55	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
Mother tongue
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data³⁸	29,915	14,505	15,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,245	14,185	15,060	97.8	97.8	97.7
Official languages	26,465	12,870	13,595	88.5	88.7	88.2
English	26,120	12,720	13,400	87.3	87.7	86.9
French	350	150	190	1.2	1.0	1.2
Non-official languages	2,780	1,315	1,465	9.3	9.1	9.5
Indigenous languages³⁹	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	2,780	1,315	1,460	9.3	9.1	9.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	55	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	100	55	40	0.3	0.4	0.3
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	60	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Aramaic languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	5	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	25	5	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	260	105	150	0.9	0.7	1.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	85	125	0.7	0.6	0.8
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	65	35	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	25	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tamil	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	2,090	1,005	1,090	7.0	6.9	7.1
Albanian	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	350	150	205	1.2	1.0	1.3
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Latvian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	345	145	195	1.2	1.0	1.3
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Polish	185	80	110	0.6	0.6	0.7
Russian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbian	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	300	115	180	1.0	0.8	1.2
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	150	55	90	0.5	0.4	0.6
German	145	55	90	0.5	0.4	0.6
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	115	50	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	105	45	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Danish	25	5	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	625	325	300	2.1	2.2	1.9
Indo-Aryan languages	590	315	280	2.0	2.2	1.8
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Gujarati	75	40	30	0.3	0.3	0.2
Hindi	110	60	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
Kacchi	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	330	170	160	1.1	1.2	1.0
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Dari	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian Persian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	780	400	380	2.6	2.8	2.5
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	180	100	80	0.6	0.7	0.5
Portuguese	280	150	130	0.9	1.0	0.8
Romanian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Spanish	275	130	145	0.9	0.9	0.9
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Korean	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Akan (Twi)	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	5	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	60	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	670	320	350	2.2	2.2	2.3
English and French	110	50	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
English and non-official language(s)	500	240	260	1.7	1.7	1.7
French and non-official language(s)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
All languages spoken at home
Total - All languages spoken at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴⁰	29,915	14,505	15,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	26,855	13,085	13,770	89.8	90.2	89.3
French	55	25	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Non-official language	510	250	255	1.7	1.7	1.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	510	250	255	1.7	1.7	1.7
English and French	295	120	175	1.0	0.8	1.1
English and non-official language(s)	2,075	970	1,105	6.9	6.7	7.2
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Multiple non-official languages	55	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Language spoken most often at home
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴¹	29,915	14,505	15,415	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	29,420	14,285	15,140	98.3	98.5	98.2
Official languages	28,295	13,720	14,580	94.6	94.6	94.6
English	28,205	13,675	14,525	94.3	94.3	94.2
French	95	45	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Non-official languages	1,125	565	560	3.8	3.9	3.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	1,125	565	560	3.8	3.9	3.6
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	35	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Aramaic languages	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	135	65	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	50	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	15	5	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Tamil	30	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Telugu	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	770	390	375	2.6	2.7	2.4
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	50	60	0.4	0.3	0.4
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	110	50	55	0.4	0.3	0.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Russian	10	10	5	0.0	0.1	0.0
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	5	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	415	225	195	1.4	1.6	1.3
Indo-Aryan languages	400	215	185	1.3	1.5	1.2
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Hindi	80	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	120	105	0.8	0.8	0.7
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Dari	5	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	10	0	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	225	110	115	0.8	0.8	0.7
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Portuguese	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Romanian	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	10	5	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
American Sign Language	15	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Chinese languages	20	10	5	0.1	0.1	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	10	5	5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	10	5	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	495	220	275	1.7	1.5	1.8
English and French	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
English and non-official language(s)	430	200	230	1.4	1.4	1.5
French and non-official language(s)	5	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	5	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	15	5	5	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other language spoken regularly at home
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data⁴²	29,910	14,505	15,410	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	27,810	13,535	14,275	93.0	93.3	92.6
English	515	255	260	1.7	1.8	1.7
French	230	90	140	0.8	0.6	0.9
Non-official language	1,130	515	615	3.8	3.6	4.0
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	1,125	510	615	3.8	3.5	4.0
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	100	55	45	0.3	0.4	0.3
French and non-official language(s)	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	85	30	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Knowledge of languages
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴³	29,690	14,450	15,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Official languages	29,540	14,395	15,145	99.5	99.6	99.4
English	29,525	14,385	15,140	99.4	99.6	99.3
French	1,830	745	1,085	6.2	5.2	7.1
Non-official languages	4,130	1,915	2,220	13.9	13.3	14.6
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	4,125	1,915	2,215	13.9	13.3	14.5
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	80	85	0.6	0.6	0.6
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hausa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	165	80	85	0.6	0.6	0.6
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	120	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Harari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	30	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	10	30	0.1	0.1	0.2
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	395	150	250	1.3	1.0	1.6
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	20	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Ilocano	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinaray-a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Merina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	380	145	235	1.3	1.0	1.5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	70	25	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Krio	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sango	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	90	50	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Telugu	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Tulu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	3,015	1,440	1,575	10.2	10.0	10.3
Albanian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	380	160	225	1.3	1.1	1.5
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	370	160	220	1.2	1.1	1.4
Belarusian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Polish	225	95	135	0.8	0.7	0.9
Russian	50	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Rusyn	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Serbian	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Irish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Welsh	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	395	165	230	1.3	1.1	1.5
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	225	95	135	0.8	0.7	0.9
German	225	95	135	0.8	0.7	0.9
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	145	65	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	135	60	75	0.5	0.4	0.5
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	35	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Danish	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Iranian languages	825	415	405	2.8	2.9	2.7
Indo-Aryan languages	760	395	370	2.6	2.7	2.4
Assamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	70	40	25	0.2	0.3	0.2
Hindi	445	230	215	1.5	1.6	1.4
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Konkani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	30	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Oriya languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Odia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oriya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	465	220	240	1.6	1.5	1.6
Rohingya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Urdu	125	65	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Baluchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Parsi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	65	30	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Dari	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Iranian Persian	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,420	715	700	4.8	4.9	4.6
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	340	195	150	1.1	1.3	1.0
Portuguese	480	255	220	1.6	1.8	1.4
Romanian	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Spanish	565	250	315	1.9	1.7	2.1
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	30	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	100	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
Akan (Twi)	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Éwé	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gikuyu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Luba-Kasai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mòoré	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mwani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ndebele	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Soninke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sotho-Tswana languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wojenaka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	35	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuer	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
American Sign Language	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
Chinese languages	95	45	55	0.3	0.3	0.4
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	45	15	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kuki-Chin languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	130	60	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	115	55	70	0.4	0.4	0.5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous population
Total - Indigenous identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	29,690	14,450	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous identity⁴⁵	740	310	430	2.5	2.1	2.8
Single Indigenous responses⁴⁶	705	290	410	2.4	2.0	2.7
First Nations (North American Indian)	475	195	280	1.6	1.3	1.8
Métis	225	95	130	0.8	0.7	0.9
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous responses⁴⁷	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Indigenous responses not included elsewhere⁴⁸	25	20	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Non-Indigenous identity	28,945	14,135	14,815	97.5	97.8	97.2
Total - Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁴⁴	29,690	14,450	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Registered or Treaty Indian⁴⁹	250	95	150	0.8	0.7	1.0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	29,440	14,345	15,095	99.2	99.3	99.0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data⁵⁰	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Owner	8,370	...	...	75.7	...	...
Renter	2,690	...	...	24.3	...	...
Dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data⁵¹	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Condominium	900	...	...	8.1	...	...
Not condominium	10,160	...	...	91.9	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data⁵²	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0.5	...	...
1 bedroom	900	...	...	8.1	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,580	...	...	14.3	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,370	...	...	48.6	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,145	...	...	28.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data⁵³	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,980	...	...	17.9	...	...
5 rooms	1,600	...	...	14.5	...	...
6 rooms	1,865	...	...	16.9	...	...
7 rooms	1,800	...	...	16.3	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,815	...	...	34.5	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data⁵⁴	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,940	...	...	98.9	...	...
More than one person per room	120	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data⁵⁵	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Suitable	10,680	...	...	96.6	...	...
Not suitable	375	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data⁵⁶	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
1960 or before	1,415	...	...	12.8	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,195	...	...	28.9	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,635	...	...	14.8	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,145	...	...	19.4	...	...
2001 to 2005	925	...	...	8.4	...	...
2006 to 2010	545	...	...	4.9	...	...
2011 to 2015	635	...	...	5.7	...	...
2016 to 2021⁵⁷	555	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data⁵⁸	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Only regular maintenance and minor repairs needed	10,610	...	...	95.9	...	...
Major repairs needed	450	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data⁵⁹	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
One-maintainer household	4,835	...	...	43.7	...	...
Two-maintainer household	5,650	...	...	51.1	...	...
Three-or-more-maintainer household	570	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data⁶⁰	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
15 to 24 years	115	...	...	1.0	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,515	...	...	13.7	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,145	...	...	19.4	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,390	...	...	21.6	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,260	...	...	20.4	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,430	...	...	12.9	...	...
75 to 84 years	905	...	...	8.2	...	...
85 years and over	300	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data⁶¹	11,030	...	...	100.0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,355	...	...	75.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,675	...	...	24.3	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,505	...	...	22.7	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by housing indicators - 25% sample data⁶²	11,060	...	...	100.0	...	...
Total - Households 'spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' or 'not suitable' or 'major repairs needed'	3,280	...	...	29.7	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs only	2,490	...	...	22.5	...	...
Not suitable only	305	...	...	2.8	...	...
Major repairs needed only	260	...	...	2.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable'	35	...	...	0.3	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'major repairs needed'	150	...	...	1.4	...	...
'Not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	40	...	...	0.4	...	...
'Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs' and 'not suitable' and 'major repairs needed'	0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Acceptable housing	7,780	...	...	70.3	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero and shelter-cost-to-income ratio less than 100%, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data⁶³	10,860	...	...	100.0	...	...
In core need	1,465	...	...	13.5	...	...
Not in core need	9,390	...	...	86.5	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,370	...	...	...	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage⁶⁴	72.2	...	...	72.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	18.1	...	...	18.1	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,900	...	...	1,900	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,902	...	...	1,902	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	750,000	...	...	750,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)⁶⁶	753,000	...	...	753,000	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,690	...	...	...	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing⁶⁷	16.5	...	...	16.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs⁶¹	43.3	...	...	43.3	...	...
% in core housing need⁶³	35.5	...	...	35.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,360	...	...	1,360	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)⁶⁵	1,420	...	...	1,420	...	...
Total - Households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band in non-farm private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	...	...	...
% of households living in a dwelling provided by the local government, First Nation or Indian band spending more than 30% on shelter costs⁶¹	...	...	...	...	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for dwellings provided by local government, First Nation or Indian band ($)⁶⁵	...	...	...	...	...	...
Indigenous ancestry
Total - Indigenous ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁶⁸	29,690	14,445	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Indigenous ancestry (only)⁶⁹	275	115	165	0.9	0.8	1.1
Single Indigenous ancestry (only)⁷⁰	275	115	165	0.9	0.8	1.1
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry	205	85	120	0.7	0.6	0.8
Métis single ancestry	65	30	40	0.2	0.2	0.3
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous ancestries (only)⁷¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷²	930	440	490	3.1	3.0	3.2
Single Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷³	915	430	480	3.1	3.0	3.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Indigenous ancestry only	720	335	380	2.4	2.3	2.5
Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	190	95	100	0.6	0.7	0.7
Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple Indigenous and non-Indigenous ancestries⁷⁴	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis and Inuit and non-Indigenous ancestry only	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous ancestry only⁷⁵	28,485	13,900	14,590	95.9	96.2	95.7
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁶	29,690	14,445	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian citizens⁷⁷	28,380	13,825	14,555	95.6	95.7	95.5
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,660	3,435	3,225	22.4	23.8	21.2
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,720	10,385	11,330	73.2	71.9	74.3
Not Canadian citizens⁷⁸	1,310	620	690	4.4	4.3	4.5
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁷⁹	29,690	14,445	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-immigrants⁸⁰	25,135	12,445	12,690	84.7	86.2	83.2
Immigrants⁸¹	4,335	1,860	2,475	14.6	12.9	16.2
Before 1980	1,575	710	865	5.3	4.9	5.7
1980 to 1990	675	265	415	2.3	1.8	2.7
1991 to 2000	575	235	340	1.9	1.6	2.2
2001 to 2010	620	245	375	2.1	1.7	2.5
2011 to 2021⁸²	895	410	485	3.0	2.8	3.2
2011 to 2015	425	215	205	1.4	1.5	1.3
2016 to 2021	475	195	275	1.6	1.3	1.8
Non-permanent residents⁸³	220	140	80	0.7	1.0	0.5
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁴	4,335	1,865	2,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Under 5 years	630	310	315	14.5	16.6	12.7
5 to 14 years	960	410	550	22.1	22.0	22.2
15 to 24 years	845	340	500	19.5	18.2	20.2
25 to 44 years	1,690	710	980	39.0	38.1	39.6
45 years and over	215	90	120	5.0	4.8	4.8
Selected places of birth for the immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁸⁵	4,335	1,865	2,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	760	320	440	17.5	17.2	17.8
Brazil	30	15	15	0.7	0.8	0.6
Colombia	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
El Salvador	25	10	15	0.6	0.5	0.6
Guyana	80	25	55	1.8	1.3	2.2
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	190	85	105	4.4	4.6	4.2
Mexico	20	0	15	0.5	0.0	0.6
Peru	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Trinidad and Tobago	40	10	25	0.9	0.5	1.0
United States of America	145	60	80	3.3	3.2	3.2
Other places of birth in Americas	210	95	115	4.8	5.1	4.6
Europe	2,130	915	1,215	49.1	49.1	49.1
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatia	25	0	25	0.6	0.0	1.0
France	20	15	10	0.5	0.8	0.4
Germany	90	30	60	2.1	1.6	2.4
Greece	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Italy	145	80	60	3.3	4.3	2.4
Netherlands	115	50	60	2.7	2.7	2.4
Poland	125	50	75	2.9	2.7	3.0
Portugal	250	130	120	5.8	7.0	4.8
Romania	80	45	35	1.8	2.4	1.4
Russian Federation	25	10	10	0.6	0.5	0.4
Serbia⁸⁶	20	0	20	0.5	0.0	0.8
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	1,030	415	610	23.8	22.3	24.6
Other places of birth in Europe	175	75	105	4.0	4.0	4.2
Africa	220	115	100	5.1	6.2	4.0
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	50	20	30	1.2	1.1	1.2
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0	0.5	0.8	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	60	55	2.7	3.2	2.2
Asia	1,210	495	715	27.9	26.5	28.9
Afghanistan	20	10	10	0.5	0.5	0.4
Iran⁸⁸	15	0	10	0.3	0.0	0.4
Iraq	15	0	0	0.3	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	55	30	30	1.3	1.6	1.2
Turkey	10	10	0	0.2	0.5	0.0
China⁹⁰	40	10	30	0.9	0.5	1.2
Hong Kong⁹¹	20	10	15	0.5	0.5	0.6
Korea, South⁹²	40	15	30	0.9	0.8	1.2
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Philippines	380	130	245	8.8	7.0	9.9
Viet Nam	30	0	30	0.7	0.0	1.2
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	390	175	210	9.0	9.4	8.5
Pakistan	65	25	35	1.5	1.3	1.4
Sri Lanka	45	25	15	1.0	1.3	0.6
Other places of birth in Asia	85	40	40	2.0	2.1	1.6
Oceania and other places of birth⁹³	15	15	0	0.3	0.8	0.0
Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population
Total - Place of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁴	475	195	275	100.0	100.0	100.0
Americas	55	25	30	11.6	12.8	10.9
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	20	15	10	4.2	7.7	3.6
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United States of America	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	15	5.3	5.1	5.5
Europe	30	20	10	6.3	10.3	3.6
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	2.1	5.1	0.0
Africa	25	15	15	5.3	7.7	5.5
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somalia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudan⁹⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asia	355	130	230	74.7	66.7	83.6
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	140	55	85	29.5	28.2	30.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jordan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepal	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pakistan	10	10	0	2.1	5.1	0.0
Philippines	140	45	90	29.5	23.1	32.7
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	40	20	20	8.4	10.3	7.3
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oceania and other⁹³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Australia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other places of birth⁹⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data⁹⁹	29,690	14,450	15,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
First generation¹⁰⁰	4,795	2,100	2,695	16.2	14.5	17.7
Second generation¹⁰¹	6,830	3,440	3,390	23.0	23.8	22.2
Third generation or more¹⁰²	18,065	8,910	9,155	60.8	61.7	60.1
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁰³	2,765	1,155	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Economic immigrants¹⁰⁴	1,345	595	750	48.6	51.5	46.7
Principal applicants¹⁰⁵	525	270	255	19.0	23.4	15.9
Secondary applicants¹⁰⁶	820	325	495	29.7	28.1	30.8
Immigrants sponsored by family¹⁰⁷	1,085	405	685	39.2	35.1	42.7
Refugees¹⁰⁸	305	140	160	11.0	12.1	10.0
Other immigrants¹⁰⁹	30	15	15	1.1	1.3	0.9
Pre-admission experience
Total - Pre-admission experience for the immigrant population in private households who were admitted between 1980 and 2021 - 25% sample data¹¹⁰	2,765	1,155	1,605	100.0	100.0	100.0
Asylum claim before admission¹¹¹	110	45	70	4.0	3.9	4.4
Work permits only before admission¹¹²	325	110	215	11.8	9.5	13.4
Study permits only before admission¹¹³	60	20	45	2.2	1.7	2.8
Work and study permits before admission¹¹⁴	145	40	105	5.2	3.5	6.5
Other permits before admission¹¹⁵	20	10	10	0.7	0.9	0.6
No pre-admission experience¹¹⁶	2,100	935	1,165	75.9	81.0	72.6
Visible minority
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹¹⁷	29,690	14,450	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Total visible minority population¹¹⁸	4,275	2,060	2,210	14.4	14.3	14.5
South Asian	1,130	590	540	3.8	4.1	3.5
Chinese	235	105	130	0.8	0.7	0.9
Black	1,215	570	645	4.1	3.9	4.2
Filipino	535	250	285	1.8	1.7	1.9
Arab	120	70	50	0.4	0.5	0.3
Latin American	385	165	215	1.3	1.1	1.4
Southeast Asian	100	35	70	0.3	0.2	0.5
West Asian	75	35	40	0.3	0.2	0.3
Korean	70	35	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Japanese	50	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Visible minority, n.i.e.¹¹⁹	150	70	80	0.5	0.5	0.5
Multiple visible minorities	205	110	95	0.7	0.8	0.6
Not a visible minority¹²⁰	25,420	12,385	13,030	85.6	85.7	85.5
Ethnic or cultural origin
Total - Ethnic or cultural origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹²¹	29,690	14,445	15,240	100.0	100.0	100.0
Canadian	5,540	2,860	2,680	18.7	19.8	17.6
English	8,420	3,950	4,465	28.4	27.3	29.3
Irish	6,885	3,335	3,555	23.2	23.1	23.3
Scottish	6,775	3,280	3,495	22.8	22.7	22.9
French, n.o.s.¹²²	1,860	895	965	6.3	6.2	6.3
German	2,915	1,460	1,455	9.8	10.1	9.5
Chinese	435	205	230	1.5	1.4	1.5
Italian	2,040	1,050	990	6.9	7.3	6.5
Indian (India)	745	350	395	2.5	2.4	2.6
Ukrainian	960	435	525	3.2	3.0	3.4
Dutch	1,450	715	735	4.9	4.9	4.8
Polish	1,085	515	570	3.7	3.6	3.7
Québécois	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
British Isles, n.o.s.¹²³	1,690	720	970	5.7	5.0	6.4
Filipino	440	195	245	1.5	1.3	1.6
French Canadian	465	245	220	1.6	1.7	1.4
Caucasian (White), n.o.s.¹²⁴	515	230	285	1.7	1.6	1.9
First Nations (North American Indian), n.o.s.¹²⁵	255	120	135	0.9	0.8	0.9
Métis	265	130	140	0.9	0.9	0.9
European, n.o.s.¹²⁶	535	290	240	1.8	2.0	1.6
Russian	165	80	80	0.6	0.6	0.5
Norwegian	110	65	50	0.4	0.4	0.3
Welsh	640	260	380	2.2	1.8	2.5
Portuguese	1,100	570	530	3.7	3.9	3.5
American	360	150	210	1.2	1.0	1.4
Spanish	305	135	170	1.0	0.9	1.1
Swedish	110	50	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Hungarian	425	210	215	1.4	1.5	1.4
Acadian	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Pakistani	160	95	65	0.5	0.7	0.4
African, n.o.s.¹²⁷	190	95	95	0.6	0.7	0.6
Jewish	105	30	75	0.4	0.2	0.5
Punjabi	115	60	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Vietnamese	60	15	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Arab, n.o.s.¹²⁸	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Greek	140	75	65	0.5	0.5	0.4
Jamaican	480	240	240	1.6	1.7	1.6
Asian, n.o.s.¹²⁹	120	60	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Cree, n.o.s.¹³⁰	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Korean	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Romanian	175	80	100	0.6	0.6	0.7
Lebanese	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Iranian	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Christian, n.i.e.¹³¹	90	40	45	0.3	0.3	0.3
Danish	250	140	110	0.8	1.0	0.7
North American Indigenous, n.o.s.¹³²	175	90	80	0.6	0.6	0.5
Sikh	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Austrian	160	80	80	0.5	0.6	0.5
Belgian	115	60	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Haitian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindu	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
Mexican	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Mennonite	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss	200	80	115	0.7	0.6	0.8
Finnish	110	40	70	0.4	0.3	0.5
Sri Lankan	115	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Croatian	160	80	85	0.5	0.6	0.6
Japanese	55	30	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
South Asian, n.o.s.¹³³	80	45	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mi'kmaq, n.o.s.¹³⁴	190	100	90	0.6	0.7	0.6
Northern European, n.o.s.¹³⁵	110	55	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Muslim	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Egyptian	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Latin, Central or South American, n.o.s.¹³⁶	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Tamil	50	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Icelandic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Colombian	35	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Moroccan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	90	65	20	0.3	0.4	0.1
Syrian	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Guyanese	215	115	105	0.7	0.8	0.7
Afghan	50	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Black, n.o.s.¹³⁷	110	45	65	0.4	0.3	0.4
Serbian	75	45	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Ojibway	115	30	80	0.4	0.2	0.5
Newfoundlander	250	140	110	0.8	1.0	0.7
Hong Konger	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ontarian	120	65	60	0.4	0.4	0.4
Persian	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	100	50	50	0.3	0.3	0.3
Turkish	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Inuit, n.o.s.¹³⁸	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algerian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazilian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Nigerian	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Armenian	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovak	75	40	35	0.3	0.3	0.2
Eastern European, n.o.s.¹³⁹	10	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraqi	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Salvadorean	50	20	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
African Caribbean	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
East or Southeast Asian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West or Central Asian or Middle Eastern, n.o.s.¹⁴¹	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Caribbean, n.o.s.¹⁴²	45	10	30	0.2	0.1	0.2
Algonquin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
West Indian, n.o.s.¹⁴³	75	25	50	0.3	0.2	0.3
Lithuanian	90	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
South African	35	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Australian	15	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Palestinian	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Chilean	60	25	35	0.2	0.2	0.2
Congolese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nova Scotian	70	20	50	0.2	0.1	0.3
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hispanic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peruvian	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yoruba	45	25	25	0.2	0.2	0.2
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maltese	170	75	95	0.6	0.5	0.6
Macedonian	30	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Slovenian	40	15	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Western European, n.o.s.¹⁴⁵	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
New Brunswicker	40	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Canadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israeli	35	20	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mohawk	65	20	45	0.2	0.1	0.3
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁶	40	15	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Albertan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ghanaian	55	40	20	0.2	0.3	0.1
Barbadian	60	30	30	0.2	0.2	0.2
African American	55	40	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.¹⁴⁷	50	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Tunisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic, n.o.s.¹⁴⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuelan	25	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.1
Innu/Montagnais, n.o.s.¹⁴⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	70	25	45	0.2	0.2	0.3
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cameroonian	35	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Guatemalan	50	30	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Laotian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Irish	75	40	40	0.3	0.3	0.3
Celtic, n.o.s.¹⁵⁰	45	10	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
British Columbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ecuadorian	45	20	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
Franco Ontarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentinian	85	30	55	0.3	0.2	0.4
Estonian	50	15	35	0.2	0.1	0.2
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fijian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jatt	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North American, n.o.s.¹⁵¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	25	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.¹⁵²	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot, n.o.s.¹⁵³	20	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Abenaki	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquois (Haudenosaunee), n.o.s.¹⁵⁴	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Breton	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania Dutch	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Malaysian	30	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
North African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Huron (Wendat)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saskatchewanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Buddhist	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gaspesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norman	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern or East African, n.o.s.¹⁵⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteaux	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabe, n.o.s.¹⁵⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burundian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrinya	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vincentian	20	15	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Manitoban	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cape Bretoner	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Rwandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduran	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Cherokee	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Qalipu Mi'kmaq	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Caribbean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Flemish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
United Empire Loyalist	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.1
Senegalese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Goan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bantu, n.o.s.¹⁵⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azorean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bamileke	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Guyanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Yemeni	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central African	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Libyan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Basque	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguayan	55	35	15	0.2	0.2	0.1
Akan, n.o.s.¹⁵⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Central or West African, n.o.s.¹⁶⁰	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igorot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Woodland Cree	10	10	0	0.0	0.1	0.0
Guinean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Prince Edward Islander	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Maliseet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Beninese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roma	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
African Nova Scotian	25	15	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Malagasy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tajik	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amhara	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Religion
Total - Religion for the population in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶¹	29,690	14,450	15,245	100.0	100.0	100.0
Buddhist	30	20	20	0.1	0.1	0.1
Christian	15,990	7,395	8,595	53.9	51.2	56.4
Christian, n.o.s.¹⁶²	2,425	1,180	1,255	8.2	8.2	8.2
Anabaptist	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Anglican	1,895	805	1,090	6.4	5.6	7.1
Baptist	475	220	250	1.6	1.5	1.6
Catholic	6,755	3,245	3,510	22.8	22.5	23.0
Christian Orthodox	205	105	95	0.7	0.7	0.6
Jehovah's Witness	250	100	150	0.8	0.7	1.0
Latter Day Saints	125	65	55	0.4	0.4	0.4
Lutheran	125	55	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
Methodist and Wesleyan (Holiness)	40	25	15	0.1	0.2	0.1
Pentecostal and other Charismatic	450	200	250	1.5	1.4	1.6
Presbyterian	690	290	395	2.3	2.0	2.6
Reformed	115	55	65	0.4	0.4	0.4
United Church	1,765	740	1,025	5.9	5.1	6.7
Other Christian and Christian-related traditions	665	310	350	2.2	2.1	2.3
Hindu	535	295	240	1.8	2.0	1.6
Jewish	80	30	45	0.3	0.2	0.3
Muslim	325	180	145	1.1	1.2	1.0
Sikh	275	135	145	0.9	0.9	1.0
Traditional (North American Indigenous) spirituality	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other religions and spiritual traditions	120	35	85	0.4	0.2	0.6
No religion and secular perspectives	12,330	6,360	5,975	41.5	44.0	39.2
Mobility status 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data¹⁶³	29,350	14,250	15,100	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	26,240	12,705	13,530	89.4	89.2	89.6
Movers	3,110	1,545	1,565	10.6	10.8	10.4
Non-migrants	1,035	480	560	3.5	3.4	3.7
Migrants	2,075	1,065	1,005	7.1	7.5	6.7
Internal migrants	1,975	1,035	940	6.7	7.3	6.2
Intraprovincial migrants	1,935	1,010	920	6.6	7.1	6.1
Interprovincial migrants	45	25	20	0.2	0.2	0.1
External migrants	100	30	65	0.3	0.2	0.4
Mobility status 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data¹⁶⁴	27,915	13,475	14,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
Non-movers	17,265	8,395	8,870	61.8	62.3	61.4
Movers	10,650	5,075	5,570	38.2	37.7	38.6
Non-migrants	2,925	1,340	1,580	10.5	9.9	10.9
Migrants	7,725	3,735	3,990	27.7	27.7	27.6
Internal migrants	7,205	3,465	3,740	25.8	25.7	25.9
Intraprovincial migrants	6,940	3,350	3,590	24.9	24.9	24.9
Interprovincial migrants	265	110	155	0.9	0.8	1.1
External migrants	520	270	245	1.9	2.0	1.7
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,975	11,500	12,470	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	3,965	2,050	1,910	16.5	17.8	15.3
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	20,005	9,450	10,560	83.4	82.2	84.7
Total - Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,360	7,925	8,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No high school diploma or equivalency certificate	1,615	885	730	9.9	11.2	8.7
With high school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁶	14,745	7,040	7,705	90.1	88.8	91.3
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	23,970	11,495	12,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,600	1,835	1,765	15.0	16.0	14.1
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	8,085	4,075	4,015	33.7	35.5	32.2
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,285	5,590	6,695	51.3	48.6	53.7
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	7,735	3,815	3,920	32.3	33.2	31.4
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,455	1,165	290	6.1	10.1	2.3
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	570	405	165	2.4	3.5	1.3
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	885	760	125	3.7	6.6	1.0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	5,935	2,525	3,410	24.8	22.0	27.3
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	115	225	1.4	1.0	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	4,550	1,775	2,775	19.0	15.4	22.2
Bachelor's degree	3,440	1,360	2,080	14.4	11.8	16.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	360	110	250	1.5	1.0	2.0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Master's degree	670	255	415	2.8	2.2	3.3
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	50	30	15	0.2	0.3	0.1
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁶⁵	16,360	7,925	8,440	100.0	100.0	100.0
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,390	750	640	8.5	9.5	7.6
High (secondary) school diploma or equivalency certificate¹⁶⁷	5,120	2,800	2,315	31.3	35.3	27.4
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,855	4,370	5,485	60.2	55.1	65.0
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	6,120	2,980	3,140	37.4	37.6	37.2
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,090	880	210	6.7	11.1	2.5
Non-apprenticeship trades certificate or diploma¹⁶⁸	390	290	100	2.4	3.7	1.2
Apprenticeship certificate¹⁶⁹	705	595	110	4.3	7.5	1.3
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma¹⁷⁰	4,785	2,000	2,780	29.2	25.2	32.9
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	240	90	150	1.5	1.1	1.8
Bachelor's degree or higher	3,735	1,390	2,340	22.8	17.5	27.7
Bachelor's degree	2,820	1,065	1,750	17.2	13.4	20.7
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	85	215	1.8	1.1	2.5
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Master's degree	545	195	350	3.3	2.5	4.1
Earned doctorate¹⁷¹	40	30	10	0.2	0.4	0.1
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	23,970	11,500	12,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	11,685	5,910	5,780	48.7	51.4	46.3
Education	855	190	665	3.6	1.7	5.3
13. Education	855	190	665	3.6	1.7	5.3
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	430	170	255	1.8	1.5	2.0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	35	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
50. Visual and performing arts	380	135	245	1.6	1.2	2.0
Humanities	650	265	380	2.7	2.3	3.0
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.1	0.0	0.2
23. English language and literature/letters	160	60	100	0.7	0.5	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	210	75	130	0.9	0.7	1.0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	30	15	15	0.1	0.1	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
54. History	90	50	40	0.4	0.4	0.3
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,790	430	1,365	7.5	3.7	10.9
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0.1	0.0	0.2
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	85	60	0.6	0.7	0.5
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	545	20	520	2.3	0.2	4.2
22. Legal professions and studies	310	55	255	1.3	0.5	2.0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	30	10	25	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	250	65	190	1.0	0.6	1.5
45. Social sciences	490	200	290	2.0	1.7	2.3
Business, management and public administration	2,335	850	1,490	9.7	7.4	11.9
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	50	225	1.2	0.4	1.8
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,060	795	1,260	8.6	6.9	10.1
Physical and life sciences and technologies	380	195	185	1.6	1.7	1.5
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	60	95	0.7	0.5	0.8
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	55	55	0.4	0.5	0.4
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	70	50	20	0.3	0.4	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	25	10	0.1	0.2	0.1
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	390	245	145	1.6	2.1	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	320	225	95	1.3	2.0	0.8
25. Library science	25	10	20	0.1	0.1	0.2
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	15	25	0.2	0.1	0.2
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	2,550	2,380	175	10.6	20.7	1.4
04. Architecture and related services	95	80	20	0.4	0.7	0.2
14. Engineering	380	310	70	1.6	2.7	0.6
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	530	470	60	2.2	4.1	0.5
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	595	585	10	2.5	5.1	0.1
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	650	640	10	2.7	5.6	0.1
48. Precision production	295	290	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	350	155	195	1.5	1.3	1.6
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	240	100	140	1.0	0.9	1.1
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	55	55	0.5	0.5	0.4
Health and related fields	1,620	230	1,395	6.8	2.0	11.2
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	190	85	105	0.8	0.7	0.8
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,430	145	1,280	6.0	1.3	10.3
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	930	490	440	3.9	4.3	3.5
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	370	95	275	1.5	0.8	2.2
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	415	270	150	1.7	2.3	1.2
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	130	15	0.6	1.1	0.1
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.0	0.0	0.1
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2021 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁷²	16,365	7,925	8,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁷³	6,505	3,555	2,955	39.7	44.9	35.0
Education	665	125	540	4.1	1.6	6.4
13. Education	665	125	540	4.1	1.6	6.4
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	130	235	2.2	1.6	2.8
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
50. Visual and performing arts	355	125	230	2.2	1.6	2.7
Humanities	545	230	315	3.3	2.9	3.7
16. Indigenous and foreign languages, literatures, and linguistics	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
23. English language and literature/letters	115	50	70	0.7	0.6	0.8
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	185	65	115	1.1	0.8	1.4
30A Interdisciplinary humanities¹⁷⁴	25	15	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	0.3	0.4	0.2
54. History	90	50	35	0.5	0.6	0.4
55. French language and literature/lettersCAN	15	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,445	295	1,150	8.8	3.7	13.6
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0.2	0.0	0.3
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	55	55	0.6	0.7	0.7
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	455	10	450	2.8	0.1	5.3
22. Legal professions and studies	250	40	210	1.5	0.5	2.5
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences¹⁷⁵	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
42. Psychology	185	35	150	1.1	0.4	1.8
45. Social sciences	400	155	250	2.4	2.0	3.0
Business, management and public administration	1,960	710	1,250	12.0	9.0	14.8
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	45	200	1.5	0.6	2.4
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,715	665	1,045	10.5	8.4	12.4
Physical and life sciences and technologies	310	155	160	1.9	2.0	1.9
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	130	50	85	0.8	0.6	1.0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	40	45	0.5	0.5	0.5
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences¹⁷⁶	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
40. Physical sciences	55	40	15	0.3	0.5	0.2
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	315	215	100	1.9	2.7	1.2
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	280	195	80	1.7	2.5	0.9
25. Library science	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences¹⁷⁷	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Architecture, engineering, and related trades	1,940	1,790	145	11.9	22.6	1.7
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	15	0.5	0.8	0.2
14. Engineering	280	215	60	1.7	2.7	0.7
15. Engineering/engineering-related technologies/technicians	420	370	55	2.6	4.7	0.7
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
46. Construction trades	465	460	0	2.8	5.8	0.0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	495	490	0	3.0	6.2	0.0
48. Precision production	200	195	0	1.2	2.5	0.0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	290	125	165	1.8	1.6	2.0
01. Agricultural and veterinary sciences/services/operations and related fields¹⁷⁸	190	80	110	1.2	1.0	1.3
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	45	55	0.6	0.6	0.7
Health and related fields	1,245	190	1,055	7.6	2.4	12.5
30.37 Design for human health	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure, fitness, and kinesiology	140	60	80	0.9	0.8	0.9
51. Health professions and related programs¹⁷⁸	1,100	125	975	6.7	1.6	11.6
60. Health professions residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
61. Medical residency/fellowship programs	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Personal, protective and transportation services	770	405	360	4.7	5.1	4.3
12. Culinary, entertainment, and personal services	295	80	215	1.8	1.0	2.5
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
43. Security and protective services	365	235	130	2.2	3.0	1.5
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	95	15	0.7	1.2	0.2
Other¹⁷⁹	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data¹⁸⁰	16,365	7,925	8,435	100.0	100.0	100.0
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,505	3,555	2,955	39.7	44.9	35.0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree¹⁸¹	9,850	4,370	5,485	60.2	55.1	65.0
Location of study inside Canada	8,690	3,840	4,855	53.1	48.5	57.6
Same as province or territory of residence	8,265	3,650	4,615	50.5	46.1	54.7
Different than province or territory of residence	425	185	240	2.6	2.3	2.8
Location of study outside Canada¹⁸²	1,160	530	635	7.1	6.7	7.5
Americas	290	130	160	1.8	1.6	1.9
United States of America	200	95	105	1.2	1.2	1.2
Mexico	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cuba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haiti	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaica	35	20	15	0.2	0.3	0.2
Brazil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela⁹⁵	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Americas	30	0	30	0.2	0.0	0.4
Europe	215	110	105	1.3	1.4	1.2
Belgium	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
France	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germany	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Netherlands	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Switzerland	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungary	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Moldova¹⁸³	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Poland	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Romania	25	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ireland⁹⁶	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
United Kingdom⁸⁷	115	60	50	0.7	0.8	0.6
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italy	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbia⁸⁶	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Europe	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Africa	35	20	20	0.2	0.3	0.2
Nigeria	20	10	15	0.1	0.1	0.2
Algeria	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morocco	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Egypt	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Africa	10	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Asia	585	255	330	3.6	3.2	3.9
Iran⁸⁸	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iraq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Israel	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syria⁸⁹	20	15	0	0.1	0.2	0.0
Turkey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
China⁹⁰	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Taiwan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hong Kong⁹¹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japan	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Korea, South⁹²	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Philippines	155	45	105	0.9	0.6	1.2
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
India	290	135	155	1.8	1.7	1.8
Pakistan	25	15	15	0.2	0.2	0.2
Other locations of study in Asia	30	20	10	0.2	0.3	0.1
Oceania	35	10	25	0.2	0.1	0.3
Australia	25	10	20	0.2	0.1	0.2
New Zealand	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Other locations of study in Oceania	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by labour force status - 25% sample data¹⁸⁴	23,970	11,495	12,475	...	...	...
In the labour force	16,765	8,620	8,145	...	...	...
Employed	14,955	7,900	7,055	...	...	...
Unemployed	1,805	715	1,090	...	...	...
Not in the labour force	7,210	2,880	4,330	...	...	...
Participation rate	69.9	75.0	65.3	69.9	75.0	65.3
Employment rate	62.4	68.7	56.6	62.4	68.7	56.6
Unemployment rate	10.8	8.3	13.4	10.8	8.3	13.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data¹⁸⁵	23,970	11,500	12,475	100.0	100.0	100.0
Did not work¹⁸⁶	7,180	2,930	4,245	30.0	25.5	34.0
Worked	16,795	8,570	8,225	70.1	74.5	65.9
Worked full year full time¹⁸⁷	9,415	5,315	4,100	39.3	46.2	32.9
Worked part year and/or part time¹⁸⁸	7,380	3,255	4,125	30.8	28.3	33.1
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	43.3	40.4	41.9	43.3	40.4
Class of worker including job permanency
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker including job permanency - 25% sample data¹⁸⁹	16,760	8,615	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Class of worker - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	110	90	1.2	1.3	1.1
All classes of workers¹⁹¹	16,565	8,510	8,055	98.8	98.8	98.9
Employee	14,815	7,580	7,240	88.4	88.0	88.9
Permanent position	13,130	6,810	6,325	78.3	79.0	77.7
Temporary position	1,685	770	910	10.1	8.9	11.2
Fixed term (1 year or more)	420	165	255	2.5	1.9	3.1
Casual, seasonal or short-term position (less than 1 year)	1,260	605	655	7.5	7.0	8.0
Self-employed¹⁹²	1,750	935	815	10.4	10.9	10.0
Occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - Broad category - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2021 - 25% sample data¹⁹³	16,760	8,615	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Occupation - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	110	90	1.2	1.3	1.1
All occupations¹⁹¹	16,565	8,510	8,055	98.8	98.8	98.9
0 Legislative and senior management occupations	140	100	45	0.8	1.2	0.6
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,685	830	1,855	16.0	9.6	22.8
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	865	700	165	5.2	8.1	2.0
3 Health occupations	1,085	105	985	6.5	1.2	12.1
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,175	645	1,530	13.0	7.5	18.8
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	400	130	265	2.4	1.5	3.3
6 Sales and service occupations	4,270	1,745	2,525	25.5	20.3	31.0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,480	3,175	300	20.8	36.9	3.7
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	350	270	80	2.1	3.1	1.0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,115	810	305	6.7	9.4	3.7
Industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017
Total - Labour force aged 15 years and over by industry - Sectors - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2017 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁴	16,760	8,615	8,145	100.0	100.0	100.0
Industry - not applicable¹⁹⁰	200	110	90	1.2	1.3	1.1
All industries¹⁹¹	16,565	8,510	8,055	98.8	98.8	98.9
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	110	65	40	0.7	0.8	0.5
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	20	20	0.2	0.2	0.2
22 Utilities	115	95	20	0.7	1.1	0.2
23 Construction	1,700	1,460	240	10.1	16.9	2.9
31-33 Manufacturing	2,090	1,455	635	12.5	16.9	7.8
41 Wholesale trade	870	620	245	5.2	7.2	3.0
44-45 Retail trade	2,140	1,000	1,145	12.8	11.6	14.1
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	980	665	310	5.8	7.7	3.8
51 Information and cultural industries	230	115	115	1.4	1.3	1.4
52 Finance and insurance	485	175	305	2.9	2.0	3.7
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	270	110	165	1.6	1.3	2.0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	785	340	440	4.7	3.9	5.4
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	840	475	365	5.0	5.5	4.5
61 Educational services	1,370	350	1,015	8.2	4.1	12.5
62 Health care and social assistance	1,855	225	1,630	11.1	2.6	20.0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	280	165	115	1.7	1.9	1.4
72 Accommodation and food services	980	345	635	5.8	4.0	7.8
81 Other services (except public administration)	575	325	245	3.4	3.8	3.0
91 Public administration	800	470	330	4.8	5.5	4.1
All languages used at work
Total - All languages used at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁵	17,815	9,015	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
English	17,405	8,865	8,540	97.7	98.3	97.0
French	20	0	20	0.1	0.0	0.2
Non-official language	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	25	0	15	0.1	0.0	0.2
English and French	180	45	130	1.0	0.5	1.5
English and non-official language(s)	180	95	85	1.0	1.1	1.0
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020, in private households, 2021 Census - 25% sample data¹⁹⁶	17,815	9,015	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
Single responses	17,770	8,995	8,780	99.7	99.8	99.8
Official languages	17,725	8,975	8,750	99.5	99.6	99.4
English	17,665	8,970	8,700	99.2	99.5	98.9
French	60	0	50	0.3	0.0	0.6
Non-official languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Indigenous languages³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree-Innu languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ililimowin (Moose Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inu Ayimun (Southern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iyiyiw-Ayimiwin (Northern East Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehinawewin (Swampy Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nehiyawewin (Plains Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nihithawiwin (Woods Cree)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Innu (Montagnais)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolastoqewi (Malecite)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anicinabemowin (Algonquin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Anishinaabemowin (Chippewa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Daawaamwin (Odawa)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Saulteau (Western Ojibway)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ojibway, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakelh (Carrier)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dane-zaa (Beaver)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dene, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Deh Gah Ghotie Zhatie (South Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Satuotine Yati (North Slavey)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tse'khene (Sekani)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsuu T'ina (Sarsi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tutchone, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wetsuwet'en-Babine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuinnaqtun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuvialuktun	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Inuktut (Inuit) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oneida	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ktunaxa (Kutenai)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Michif	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ntlakapamux (Thompson)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Secwepemctsin (Shuswap)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Squamish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Straits	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Syilx (Okanagan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assiniboine	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dakota	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stoney	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haisla	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kwak'wala (Kwakiutl)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indigenous languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous languages	50	20	30	0.3	0.2	0.3
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamazight	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chadic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Coptic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bilen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Oromo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Somali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Amharic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Arabic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Aramaic, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bikol	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bisaya, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kankanaey	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malagasy languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malay	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Jamaican English Creole	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Morisyen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kannada	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tamil	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Telugu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Georgian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages	30	10	15	0.2	0.1	0.2
Albanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Armenian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Latvian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Czech	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Polish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Russian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Croatian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Serbo-Croatian, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovak	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Frisian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
High German languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pennsylvania German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swiss German	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dutch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low German, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Low Saxon	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Plautdietsch	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Scandinavian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Danish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swedish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Greek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0.1	0.1	0.1
Bengali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hindi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kacchi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Marathi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nepali	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Urdu	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Aryan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Pashto	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dari	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian Persian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Persian (Farsi), n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Catalan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Romanian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Spanish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Indo-European languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Japanese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Korean	10	0	0	0.1	0.0	0.0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Edo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ga	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Ganda	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Igbo	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lingala	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Shona	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Swahili	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wolof	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dinka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hakka	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Yue (Cantonese)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Burmese	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
S'gaw Karen	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Karenic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lao	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Thai	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Estonian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Finnish	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple responses	45	25	20	0.3	0.3	0.2
English and French	15	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English and non-official language(s)	30	20	10	0.2	0.2	0.1
French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other language(s) used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2020 - 25% sample data¹⁹⁷	17,815	9,015	8,800	100.0	100.0	100.0
None	17,490	8,895	8,595	98.2	98.7	97.7
English	60	15	45	0.3	0.2	0.5
French	130	45	80	0.7	0.5	0.9
Non-official language	115	50	60	0.6	0.6	0.7
Indigenous³⁹	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Non-Indigenous	115	50	60	0.6	0.6	0.7
English and French	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
English and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
French and non-official language(s)	10	0	10	0.1	0.0	0.1
English, French and non-official language(s)	0	0	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Multiple non-official languages	15	10	0	0.1	0.1	0.0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over - 25% sample data¹⁹⁸	14,950	7,905	7,055	100.0	100.0	100.0
Worked at home	2,840	1,165	1,680	19.0	14.7	23.8
Worked outside Canada	20	20	0	0.1	0.3	0.0
No fixed workplace address	1,870	1,455	415	12.5	18.4	5.9
Usual place of work	10,220	5,260	4,950	68.4	66.5	70.2
Commuting destination
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work - 25% sample data¹⁹⁹	10,220	5,265	4,955	100.0	100.0	100.0
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,465	1,725	2,740	43.7	32.8	55.3
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	635	385	245	6.2	7.3	4.9
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,095	3,140	1,950	49.9	59.6	39.4
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	0.2	0.3	0.2
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰⁰	12,090	6,720	5,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Car, truck or van	11,010	6,205	4,800	91.1	92.3	89.4
Car, truck or van - as a driver	10,170	5,825	4,340	84.1	86.7	80.8
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	840	385	455	6.9	5.7	8.5
Public transit	195	110	85	1.6	1.6	1.6
Walked	625	300	325	5.2	4.5	6.1
Bicycle	45	30	15	0.4	0.4	0.3
Other method	215	70	145	1.8	1.0	2.7
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰¹	12,090	6,720	5,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Less than 15 minutes	4,375	1,755	2,620	36.2	26.1	48.8
15 to 29 minutes	1,405	680	725	11.6	10.1	13.5
30 to 44 minutes	2,360	1,495	865	19.5	22.2	16.1
45 to 59 minutes	2,110	1,425	685	17.5	21.2	12.8
60 minutes and over	1,845	1,370	470	15.3	20.4	8.8
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data²⁰²	12,090	6,720	5,370	100.0	100.0	100.0
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,565	1,145	420	12.9	17.0	7.8
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,465	1,640	830	20.4	24.4	15.5
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,820	1,490	1,325	23.3	22.2	24.7
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,990	715	1,275	16.5	10.6	23.7
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,105	470	635	9.1	7.0	11.8
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,140	1,260	875	17.7	18.8	16.3
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language
Total - Eligibility for instruction in the minority official language for the population in private households born in 2003 or later - 100% data²⁰³	6,925	3,530	3,395	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	425	195	225	6.1	5.5	6.6
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	6,495	3,335	3,165	93.8	94.5	93.2
Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language for school-aged children
Total - Eligibility and instruction in the minority official language, for the population in private households born between 2003 and 2015 (inclusive) - 100% data²⁰⁴	4,935	2,475	2,455	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children eligible for instruction in the minority official language	310	140	170	6.3	5.7	6.9
Eligible children who have been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	175	75	95	3.5	3.0	3.9
Eligible children who have not been instructed in the minority official language at the primary or secondary level in Canada	135	70	70	2.7	2.8	2.9
Children not eligible for instruction in the minority official language	4,625	2,330	2,290	93.7	94.1	93.3

Symbol legend

...
not applicable
^r
revised

Source: Statistics Canada, 2021 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2023. (table). Census Profile. 2021 Census of Population. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2021001. Ottawa. Released November 15, 2023.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2025).

Note(s):

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, this includes various benefits from new and existing federal, provincial and territorial government income programs intended to provide financial support to individuals affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the public health measures implemented to minimize the spread of the virus.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment Insurance (EI) benefits - All Employment Insurance (EI) benefits received during the reference period, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, compassionate care, work sharing, retraining, and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal EI Program or the Québec parental insurance plan.

The reference period for these variables is calendar year 2019. These variables are intended for comparison with their 2020 equivalent and other 2019 income variables. Income for 2019 is presented in 2020 constant dollars.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits; - workers' compensation benefits;
Canada workers benefit (CWB);
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, COVID-19 benefits and Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2021 Census, the reference period for income data is the calendar year 2020, unless otherwise specified.

Prior to the 2021 Census, the LIM thresholds and the LIM low income statistics were derived and reported for the population residing outside of the territories and off reserve only. It was based on the consideration that the income, prices and expenditure patterns could be quite different in the territories and on reserve, and thus, could make the interpretation of the LIM low-income statistics difficult.

Since the 2016 Census, there were research studies that analyzed the feasibility of defining LIM thresholds that include the population living in the territories and on reserve, and examined the aspects that should be considered when interpreting low-income statistics based on this definition. With the guidance and support of such research, the 2021 Census expanded the coverage of the LIM concept to all regions in Canada, making it the only low-income concept that is applicable to the population living in the territories and on reserve.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2021 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 2.4 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI). The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 2.5 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2020, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Date modified:: 2024-08-02

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