2001 Census Topic-based tabulations

Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please contact us to request a format other than those available.

Topic-based tabulation: Number and Average Economic Family Income (2) in Constant (2000) Dollars, Earning Status of Spouses or Partners (8) and Selected Demographic, Educational, Cultural, Language and Labour Force Characteristics of Couple Economic Families (282) for Couple Economic Families in Private Households, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, 1995 and 2000 - 20% Sample Data

About this tabulation

General information

Catalogue number :97F0020XCB2001070
Release date :June 16, 2004
Topic :Income of Individuals, Families and Households
Data dimensions :

Note

Special Note: Aboriginal Population

The Aboriginal population counts for 1996 and 2001 have been adjusted for incompletely enumerated reserves and other changes in reserves from 1996 to 2001, to allow for comparison of the two census years.

The following adjustments were made:

(1) Population on reserves that were incompletely enumerated during the 2001 Census have been excluded from the 1996 data.
(2) Population on reserves that were incompletely enumerated during the 1996 Census have been excluded from the 2001 data.
(3) Forty-one census subdivisions (CSDs) specified by Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (i.e. northern communities in Saskatchewan, the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Territory which have large concentrations of Registered Indians) are included in the 2001 Census on-reserve population. These counts were not included in 1996. The Aboriginal population for these CSDs is excluded from the Aboriginal total for the 2001 on reserve data. (Additional information on the on-reserve population can be obtained from the 2001 Census Dictionary.)

Aboriginal population counts for 1996 shown in this table will not agree, in total, with data by Aboriginal status published from the 1996 Census. The 2001 Aboriginal population, in total, will not agree with other similar totals (for example, population 15 years and over) shown in this table or in other 2001 products that do not provide a historical comparison.

Special Note: Changes to Family Concepts for the 2001 Census

For the 1996 Census, the definition of census family was as follows:

Refers to a now-married couple (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both spouses), a couple living common-law (with or without never-married sons and/or daughters of either or both partners) or a lone-parent of any marital status, with at least one never-married son or daughter living in the same dwelling.

This reflected a concept that had not changed since 1976. However, during the planning for the 2001 Census, it was decided that some changes were required, due to the following factors: (1) changes to federal and provincial legislation putting same-sex couples on an equal footing with opposite-sex common-law couples (most notably Bill C-23, the Modernization of Benefits and Obligations Act, which was passed by the Government of Canada in 2000); (2) recommendations by the United Nations as part of a process of standardization of concepts for the 2000-2001 round of censuses in member countries; and (3) a significant number of persons less than 15 years of age classified as 'non-family persons' in previous censuses.

As a result, the census family concept for the 2001 Census reflects the following changes:

- Two persons living in a same-sex common-law relationship, along with any of their children residing in the household, are considered a census family.

- Children in a census family can have been previously married (as long as they are not currently living with a spouse or common-law partner). Previously, they had to be 'never-married'.

- A grandchild living in a three-generation household where the parent (middle generation) is never-married is, contrary to previous censuses, now considered as a child in the census family of his or her parent, provided the grandchild is not living with his or her own spouse, common-law partner, or child. Traditionally, the census family usually consisted of the two older generations.

- A grandchild of another household member, where a middle-generation parent is not present, is now considered as a child in the census family of his or her grandparent, provided the grandchild is not living with his or her own spouse, common-law partner, or child. Traditionally, such a grandchild would not be considered as a member of a census family.

The last three changes listed (definition of 'child'), together, result in a 1.5% increase in the total number of census families, and in a 10.1% increase in the number of lone-parent families. The inclusion of same-sex couples results in a 0.4% increase in the number of census families at the national level.

The term economic family refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. This definition has not changed for 2001. The only effect of conceptual changes on economic families is that same-sex partners are now considered to be common-law partners. Thus they are considered related and members of the same economic family.

Outside of the 'family universe', there are two related concepts that are affected by the change in the census family definition: common-law status and household type. Prior to 2001, two people living together as husband and wife without being legally married to each other were considered to be living common-law. For 2001, this has been expanded to include persons living in a same-sex partnership. The concept of household type refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Since it is based on the census family concept, the household type (whether a household is 'family' or 'non-family') is affected by the change. Also, the detailed classification of this variable is affected, since married couples and common-law couples were broken down into those 'without never-married sons or daughters' and 'with never-married sons or daughters'. For 2001 this reads 'without children' and 'with children', with the attendant change in meaning.

For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Common-law Status

Refers to two people of the opposite sex or of the same sex who live together as a couple, but who are not legally married to each other. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Data Quality - Relationship of Census Income Estimates to the National Accounts and Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics

Census income estimates of aggregate income in 2000 were compared to similar personal income estimates from the national accounts. After adjustments to the personal income estimates for differences in concepts and coverage, the census estimate of aggregate income in 2000 from comparable sources was 4.1% lower than the national accounts estimate. As in the past, census estimates for some income components and for some provinces compared more favourably than for others.

Census estimates of aggregate wages and salaries, the largest component of income, were almost identical to the national accounts estimates. Although there was a large difference between the two estimates of net income from farm self-employment (the smallest component of individual earnings), census estimates of aggregate income from both farm and non-farm self-employment were lower by 1%. Overall, estimates of total income from employment were nearly identical.

Census estimates of Old Age Security pensions and the Guaranteed Income Supplement were about 5% higher, while those for Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits were about 9% lower, than adjusted national accounts estimates. Employment Insurance benefits reported in the census were smaller by about 6%. Estimates of aggregate Canada Child Tax benefits were nearly identical in both estimates. Census estimates of other government transfer payments, which include such items as social welfare benefits, provincial income supplements to seniors, veterans' pensions and GST/HST/QST refunds, were significantly below the estimates from the national accounts. Overall, census estimates of aggregate income from all government transfer payments were lower by about 13%. As in previous census-year comparisons, the census estimate of investment income was significantly lower, by 32% in 2000, than the national accounts estimate.

Census income statistics were also compared with similar statistics from the annual Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). SLID estimates reflect adjustments made for population undercoverage, while census estimates do not include such an adjustment. This adjustment contributes to census estimates showing fewer income recipients (by 3.4%) and earners (by 7.2%) than SLID estimates. Consequently, census estimates of aggregate earnings are 4% lower than the SLID estimate, while the census estimate of aggregate total income of individuals is lower by 3%. Most of the observed provincial differences were considered acceptable in the light of sampling errors in the Survey.

Special Note: Household Type

Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is, a married couple with or without children, or a couple living common-law with or without children, or a lone parent living with one or more children (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other non-family persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to a household in which two or more census families (with or without additional non-family persons) occupy the same private dwelling.

Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family.

For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Household Universe

The Household Universe pertains to the person or the group of persons (other than temporary or foreign residents) who occupy a dwelling. Household variables are distinct from dwelling variables, in that the latter ones pertain to dwelling characteristics, not to persons occupying dwellings. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Immigrant Population

Refers to people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents

The subuniverse 'Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents' includes people who are, or have been, landed immigrants in Canada. A landed immigrant is a person who has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number were born in Canada. It also includes people from another country who had an employment authorization, a student authorization, or a Minister's permit, or who were refugee claimants at the time of the census, and family members living here with them. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Income Reference Period

Canadian censuses were conducted in 1996 and 2001. Income data from these censuses relate to the calendar year prior to the census year, i.e. 1995 and 2000 respectively. For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Special Note: Income Suppression

Area suppression is the deletion of all characteristic data for geographic areas with populations below a specified size. Income distributions and related statistics are suppressed if the population in the area, excluding institutional residents, is less than 250 from either the 100% or the 20% database, or if the number of private households is less than 40 from the 20% database.

Tables with Income/Employment Income Distributions

Income/earnings distributions have been suppressed where the estimated total number of units (persons, families or households) in the reference year is less than 250. All suppressed data cells and associated averages, medians and standard errors of average income/earnings have been replaced with zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Tables with Number and Average Employment Income only

Statistics have been suppressed if the estimated total number of persons (males, females or both sexes) with employment income in the reference year is less than 250. All suppressed data cells and associated averages have been replaced by zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Special Note: Non-permanent Residents

In 1991, 1996 and 2001, the Census of Population enumerated both permanent and non-permanent residents of Canada. Non-permanent residents are persons who held a student or employment authorization, Minister's permit, or who were refugee claimants, at the time of the census. Family members living with these persons are also classified as non-permanent residents.

Prior to 1991, only permanent residents of Canada were included in the census. (The only exception to this occurred in 1941.) Non-permanent residents were considered foreign residents and were not enumerated.

Today in Canada, non-permanent residents make up a significant segment of the population, especially in several census metropolitan areas. Their presence can affect the demand for such government services as health care, schooling, employment programs and language training. The inclusion of non-permanent residents in the census facilitates comparisons with provincial and territorial statistics (marriages, divorces, births and deaths) which include this population. In addition, this inclusion of non-permanent residents brings Canadian practice closer to the UN recommendation that long-term residents (persons living in a country for one year or longer) be enumerated in the census.

According to the 1996 Census, there were 166,715 non-permanent residents in Canada, representing 0.6% of the total population. There were slightly more non-permanent residents in Canada at the time of the 2001 Census: 198,645 non-permanent residents, or 0.7% of the total population.

Total population counts, as well as counts for all variables, are affected by this change in the census universe. Users should be especially careful when comparing data from 1991, 1996 or 2001 with data from previous censuses in geographic areas where there is a concentration of non-permanent residents. Such areas include the major metropolitan areas in Ontario, Quebec and British Columbia.

Although every attempt has been made to enumerate non-permanent residents, factors such as language difficulties, the reluctance to complete a government form or to understand the need to participate may have affected the enumeration of this population.

For additional information, please refer to the 2001 Census Dictionary, Catalogue Number 92-378-XIE or 92-378-XPE.

Additional information about this table is available in the Dimension Summary Box of the variable in the column (initial view).

Data table

Select data categories for this table


This table details number and average economic family income in constant dollars, earning status of spouses or partners and selected demographic, educational, cultural, language and labour force characteristics of couple economic families for couple economic families in private households in CanadaFootnote 3
Selected Demographic, Educational, Cultural, Language and Labour Force Characteristics of Couple Economic Families (282) Years (2)
1995 2000
Total - Age group of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 4 6,560,795 6,913,600
15-24 years 127,190 127,490
25-34 years 1,188,300 1,024,050
35-44 years 1,760,765 1,798,070
45-54 years 1,453,005 1,669,265
55-64 years 978,980 1,115,155
65 years and over 1,052,550 1,179,570
Total - Age group of wife, female partner or Reference PersonFootnote 5 6,560,795 6,913,600
15-24 years 260,975 249,135
25-34 years 1,451,745 1,263,760
35-44 years 1,822,120 1,899,570
45-54 years 1,373,195 1,628,830
55-64 years 868,815 996,610
65 years and over 783,940 875,695
Total - Historical highest level of schooling of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 6 6,560,795 6,913,605
Less than high school graduation certificate 2,048,445 1,895,690
High school graduation certificate and/or some postsecondaryFootnote 7 1,345,970 1,428,660
Trades certificate or diploma 1,102,975 1,178,650
College certificate or diplomaFootnote 8 846,500 945,795
University certificate, diploma or degree 1,216,900 1,464,800
Total - Historical highest level of schooling of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 9 6,560,790 6,913,600
Less than high school graduation certificate 1,992,010 1,800,975
High school graduation certificate and/or some postsecondaryFootnote 10 1,761,440 1,792,870
Trades certificate or diploma 560,060 616,415
College certificate or diplomaFootnote 11 1,193,160 1,334,540
University certificate, diploma or degree 1,054,120 1,368,795
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 12 6,560,795 6,913,600
Non-immigrant population 5,024,700 5,226,190
Immigrant populationFootnote 13 1,509,355 1,653,925
Before 1950 81,235 55,715
1950 - 1959 306,070 263,245
1960 - 1969 287,195 272,075
1970 - 1979 322,715 325,610
1980 - 1989 265,995 280,460
1990 - 1994 202,290 209,365
1995 - 1999 N 191,960
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 14 6,560,795 6,913,600
Non-immigrant population 5,024,700 5,283,310
Immigrant populationFootnote 15 1,509,355 1,594,035
Before 1950 81,235 42,740
1950 - 1959 306,065 203,165
1960 - 1969 287,195 248,500
1970 - 1979 322,715 310,705
1980 - 1989 265,995 284,235
1990 - 1994 202,285 224,820
1995 - 1999 N 213,735
Total - Population 15 years and over by visible minority group of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 16 6,560,795 6,913,600
Total visible minority population 590,620 766,280
Chinese 177,335 221,025
South Asian 133,620 189,505
Black 79,595 95,750
Filipino 37,140 51,305
Latin American 31,515 41,645
Southeast Asian 28,450 35,055
Arab / West Asian 53,890 66,590
Korean 13,205 21,065
Japanese 13,440 14,050
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 17 13,340 19,410
Multiple visible minoritiesFootnote 18 9,090 10,880
All othersFootnote 19 5,970,175 6,147,320
Total - Population 15 years and over by visible minority group of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 20 6,560,795 6,913,600
Total visible minority population 595,440 779,600
Chinese 181,270 228,005
South Asian 131,125 186,580
Black 71,370 84,580
Filipino 50,200 67,805
Latin American 33,330 44,775
Southeast Asian 29,815 37,570
Arab / West Asian 45,650 58,515
Korean 14,150 23,000
Japanese 15,575 18,005
Visible minority, n.i.e.Footnote 21 14,005 19,710
Multiple visible minoritiesFootnote 22 8,955 11,045
All othersFootnote 23 5,965,350 6,134,005
Total - Aboriginal group of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 24 6,560,480 6,910,830
Aboriginal population 111,610 143,505
On reserve 33,310 36,050
Off reserve 78,305 107,455
North American IndianFootnote 25 70,385 81,705
On reserve 32,310 34,845
Off reserve 38,075 46,855
MétisFootnote 26 32,230 50,955
InuitFootnote 27 5,580 6,465
Other Aboriginal populationFootnote 28 3,420 4,375
Non-Aboriginal population 6,448,870 6,767,325
Total - Aboriginal group of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 29 6,560,480 6,910,830
Aboriginal population 126,470 157,935
On reserve 33,895 36,665
Off reserve 92,575 121,275
North American IndianFootnote 30 81,290 93,280
On reserve 32,585 35,185
Off reserve 48,705 58,100
MétisFootnote 31 33,365 51,130
InuitFootnote 32 6,160 7,175
Other Aboriginal populationFootnote 33 5,655 6,350
Non-Aboriginal population 6,434,010 6,752,895
Total - Knowledge of official languages of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 34 6,560,790 6,913,605
English only 4,470,050 4,742,130
French only 772,485 768,095
English and French 1,233,075 1,320,925
Neither English nor French 85,185 82,445
Total - Knowledge of official languages of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 35 6,560,795 6,913,600
English only 4,423,420 4,672,595
French only 942,145 930,230
English and French 1,081,855 1,201,770
Neither English nor French 113,375 109,000
Total - Mother tongue of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 36 6,560,790 6,913,600
Single responses 6,486,145 6,843,270
English 3,689,795 3,854,295
French 1,566,210 1,605,425
Non-official language 1,230,145 1,383,545
Multiple responses 74,645 70,330
Total - Mother tongue of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 37 6,560,790 6,913,600
Single responses 6,487,220 6,842,750
English 3,725,250 3,871,315
French 1,584,390 1,625,260
Non-official language 1,177,585 1,346,175
Multiple responses 73,570 70,850
Total - Weeks worked full/part time of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 38 6,560,790 6,913,600
Did not work 1,482,715 1,544,520
Worked 5,078,080 5,369,075
1-13 weeks 198,585 162,635
1-13 weeks, full time 128,665 99,760
1-13 weeks, part time 69,925 62,875
14-26 weeks 370,290 311,395
14-26 weeks, full time 290,495 237,075
14-26 weeks, part time 79,795 74,320
27-39 weeks 337,600 297,480
27-39 weeks, full time 285,405 248,195
27-39 weeks, part time 52,200 49,285
40-48 weeks 639,880 759,315
40-48 weeks, full time 584,420 696,685
40-48 weeks, part time 55,455 62,635
49-52 weeks 3,531,715 3,838,250
49-52 weeks, full time 3,416,680 3,711,235
49-52 weeks, part time 115,040 127,020
Total - Weeks worked full/part time of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 39 6,560,795 6,913,600
Did not work 2,312,575 2,262,080
Worked 4,248,220 4,651,520
1-13 weeks 290,760 258,465
1-13 weeks, full time 119,420 104,970
1-13 weeks, part time 171,340 153,490
14-26 weeks 447,575 416,070
14-26 weeks, full time 237,595 223,450
14-26 weeks, part time 209,985 192,615
27-39 weeks 335,170 319,825
27-39 weeks, full time 188,225 186,180
27-39 weeks, part time 146,945 133,650
40-48 weeks 584,080 731,540
40-48 weeks, full time 380,635 515,780
40-48 weeks, part time 203,445 215,755
49-52 weeks 2,590,635 2,925,620
49-52 weeks, full time 2,042,400 2,362,210
49-52 weeks, part time 548,235 563,405
Total - Class of worker of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 40 6,560,795 6,913,605
Paid workers 4,544,655 4,824,970
Self-employed 610,965 618,325
All others 1,405,175 1,470,305
Total - Class of worker of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 41 6,560,795 6,913,600
Paid workers 3,987,915 4,363,825
Self-employed 337,390 373,340
All others 2,235,490 2,176,430
Total - Occupation group of husband, male partner or reference personFootnote 42 6,560,790 6,913,600
Occupation - Not applicableFootnote 43 1,395,120 1,461,350
All occupationsFootnote 44 5,165,675 5,452,250
A Management occupations 731,875 857,950
A0 Senior management occupations 103,725 136,800
A1 Specialist managers 168,945 210,085
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services 193,150 218,525
A3 Other managers, n.e.c. 266,060 292,545
B Business, finance and administrative occupations 485,155 477,460
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance 112,310 143,940
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations 30,250 28,680
B2 Secretaries 3,695 4,630
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations 54,430 61,300
B4 Clerical supervisors 32,640 24,810
B5 Clerical occupations 251,825 214,100
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 418,190 541,170
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences 221,370 339,580
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences 196,825 201,590
D Health occupations 113,440 126,805
D0 Professional occupations in health 63,360 69,530
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses 9,070 10,305
D2 Technical and related occupations in health 27,355 31,365
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services 13,660 15,605
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion 292,925 299,530
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers 102,755 113,390
E1 Teachers and professors 168,150 158,295
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion, n.e.c. 22,030 27,845
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 93,630 108,440
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture 42,970 48,925
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 50,660 59,510
G Sales and service occupations 849,220 786,785
G0 Sales and service supervisors 28,365 33,270
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers 206,500 167,295
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks 108,320 110,060
G3 Cashiers 9,205 8,415
G4 Chefs and cooks 51,215 48,935
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service 17,500 16,375
G6 Occupations in protective services 147,700 137,325
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation, including attendants in recreation and sport 22,045 26,910
G8 Child care and home support workers 8,280 11,915
G9 Sales and service occupations, n.e.c. 250,085 226,280
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 1,335,100 1,400,205
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation 111,710 95,025
H1 Construction trades 212,495 234,285
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations 113,730 123,585
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations 65,325 77,630
H4 Mechanics 242,620 243,845
H5 Other trades, n.e.c. 59,810 64,215
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators, including drillers 76,140 80,620
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers 302,150 328,510
H8 Trades helpers, construction and transportation labourers and related occupations 151,115 152,485
I Occupations unique to primary industry 340,745 325,500
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture, excluding labourers 203,950 191,660
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers 95,995 89,065
I2 Primary production labourers 40,800 44,770
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities 505,390 528,400
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing 67,655 61,365
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing 246,810 256,770
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing 99,890 114,815
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 91,040 95,440
Total - Occupation group of wife, female partner or reference personFootnote 45 6,560,795 6,913,600
Occupation - Not applicableFootnote 46 2,184,060 2,133,030
All occupationsFootnote 47 4,376,730 4,780,575
A Management occupations 296,560 424,230
A0 Senior management occupations 22,495 39,725
A1 Specialist managers 58,570 101,380
A2 Managers in retail trade, food and accommodation services 123,515 159,615
A3 Other managers, n.e.c. 91,975 123,500
B Business, finance and administrative occupations 1,399,820 1,424,650
B0 Professional occupations in business and finance 76,005 133,020
B1 Finance and insurance administrative occupations 112,360 117,330
B2 Secretaries 300,670 277,505
B3 Administrative and regulatory occupations 100,830 155,435
B4 Clerical supervisors 37,610 34,890
B5 Clerical occupations 772,345 706,470
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 82,340 139,490
C0 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences 50,245 99,975
C1 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences 32,100 39,510
D Health occupations 411,740 457,825
D0 Professional occupations in health 48,250 63,495
D1 Nurse supervisors and registered nurses 178,780 173,490
D2 Technical and related occupations in health 88,880 103,745
D3 Assisting occupations in support of health services 95,835 117,100
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion 401,620 460,110
E0 Judges, lawyers, psychologists, social workers, ministers of religion, and policy and program officers 88,325 110,830
E1 Teachers and professors 258,905 275,610
E2 Paralegals, social services workers and occupations in education and religion, n.e.c. 54,395 73,665
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 116,195 134,910
F0 Professional occupations in art and culture 57,245 66,735
F1 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 58,955 68,175
G Sales and service occupations 1,229,705 1,256,605
G0 Sales and service supervisors 28,785 38,945
G1 Wholesale, technical, insurance, real estate sales specialists, and retail, wholesale and grain buyers 86,245 85,430
G2 Retail salespersons and sales clerks 190,185 183,955
G3 Cashiers 107,995 102,050
G4 Chefs and cooks 67,290 60,810
G5 Occupations in food and beverage service 98,595 87,720
G6 Occupations in protective services 23,070 25,380
G7 Occupations in travel and accommodation, including attendants in recreation and sport 35,720 43,495
G8 Child care and home support workers 221,755 254,775
G9 Sales and service occupations, n.e.c. 370,075 374,050
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 86,605 110,125
H0 Contractors and supervisors in trades and transportation 4,725 6,070
H1 Construction trades 5,615 7,550
H2 Stationary engineers, power station operators and electrical trades and telecommunications occupations 3,280 4,535
H3 Machinists, metal forming, shaping and erecting occupations 2,145 3,450
H4 Mechanics 2,920 4,390
H5 Other trades, n.e.c. 22,925 26,045
H6 Heavy equipment and crane operators, including drillers 765 1,640
H7 Transportation equipment operators and related workers, excluding labourers 29,950 34,045
H8 Trades helpers, construction and transportation labourers and related occupations 14,270 22,400
I Occupations unique to primary industry 114,860 114,510
I0 Occupations unique to agriculture, excluding labourers 97,750 95,335
I1 Occupations unique to forestry operations, mining, oil and gas extraction, and fishing, excluding labourers 6,840 7,795
I2 Primary production labourers 10,270 11,380
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities 237,280 258,125
J0 Supervisors in manufacturing 10,095 12,535
J1 Machine operators in manufacturing 118,155 116,740
J2 Assemblers in manufacturing 42,995 54,205
J3 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities 66,035 74,650

Footnotes

Footnote 1

The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family.

Total Income - Refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 2000 by persons 15 years of age and over:

- wages and salaries (total);
- net farm income;
- net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice;
- Canada Child Tax Benefits;
- Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement;
- benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan;
- benefits from Employment Insurance;
- other income from government sources;
- dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income;
- retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs;
- other money income.

Receipts Not Counted as Income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind', such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average Income of Economic Families and Unattached Individuals 15 Years of Age and Over - Average income of economic families or unattached individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of economic families or unattached individuals in 2000. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (e.g. husband-wife families with working wives) or unattached individuals by the number of families or unattached individuals in that respective group, whether or not they reported income.

Economic Family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Earnings or Employment Income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2000 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Earner or Employment Income Recipient - Refers to a person 15 years of age and over who received wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income during calendar year 2000.

Economic Family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption.

The economic family concept requires only that family members be related by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. By contrast, the census family concept requires that family members be either a male or female spouse, a male or female common-law partner, a male or female lone parent, or a child with a parent present. The concept of economic family may therefore refer to a larger group of persons than does the census family concept. For example, a widowed mother living with her married son and daughter-in-law would be treated as a non-family person under the definition of a census family. That same person would, however, be counted as a member of an economic family along with her son and daughter-in-law. Two or more related census families living together also constitute one economic family as, for example, a man and his wife living with their married son and daughter-in-law. Two or more brothers or sisters living together, apart from their parents, will form an economic family, but not a census family, since they do not meet the requirements for the latter. All census family persons are economic family persons.

The economic family and its associated classifications and variables are derived according to the responses to the questions on sex, date of birth, marital status, common law status, and relationship to Person 1. In addition, consideration is given to the order in which household members are listed on the questionnaire.

Note that, as of 2001, same-sex partners are considered to be common-law partners. Thus they are considered related and members of the same economic family.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Economic Family Structure - Refers to the classification of economic families into those of couple families, lone-parent families and other economic families.

Couple families are those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families are those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families are those in which a non-census family person is the economic family reference person.

Couple economic families refer to those husband-wife families, opposite-sex common-law couple families and, in 2001, to same-sex common-law couple families in which the economic family reference person is one of the spouses or partners.

Includes families with equal earnings of spouses or partners.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 15, 2001). This variable is derived from date of birth.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday (as of the census reference date, May 15, 2001). This variable is derived from date of birth.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Highest Level of Schooling - Refers to the highest grade or year of elementary or secondary (high) school attended, or to the highest year of university or college education completed. University education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than college education. Also, the attainment of a degree, certificate or diploma is considered to be at a higher level than years completed or attended without an educational qualification.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Includes persons who have attended courses at postsecondary institutions and who may or may not have a high school graduation certificate. Excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. Since 1981, 'postsecondary' refers to years of schooling completed at university or at institutions other than a university, a secondary (high) school or an elementary school. Examples of postsecondary institutions include community colleges, institutes of technology, CEGEPs, private trade schools, private business colleges and schools of nursing.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Referred to as 'Other non-university certificate or diploma' in previous censuses, this sector includes non-degree-granting institutions such as community colleges, CEGEPs, private business colleges and technical institutes.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Highest Level of Schooling - Refers to the highest grade or year of elementary or secondary (high) school attended, or to the highest year of university or college education completed. University education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than college education. Also, the attainment of a degree, certificate or diploma is considered to be at a higher level than years completed or attended without an educational qualification.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Includes persons who have attended courses at postsecondary institutions and who may or may not have a high school graduation certificate. Excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. Since 1981, 'postsecondary' refers to years of schooling completed at university or at institutions other than a university, a secondary (high) school or an elementary school. Examples of postsecondary institutions include community colleges, institutes of technology, CEGEPs, private trade schools, private business colleges and schools of nursing.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Referred to as 'Other non-university certificate or diploma' in previous censuses, this sector includes non-degree-granting institutions such as community colleges, CEGEPs, private business colleges and technical institutes.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Landed Immigrant Status - Refers to people who have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

Period of Immigration - Refers to ranges of years based on the year of immigration question. Year of immigration refers to the year in which landed immigrant status was first obtained.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Includes non-permanent residents.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

For 1995, includes immigrants who arrived in 1995 and before May 14 of 1996. For 2000, includes immigrants who arrived in 2000 and before May 15 of 2001.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

For 1995, includes immigrants who arrived in 1995 and before May 14 of 1996. For 2000, includes immigrants who arrived in 2000 and before May 15 of 2001.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Landed Immigrant Status - Refers to people who have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

Period of Immigration - Refers to ranges of years based on the year of immigration question. Year of immigration refers to the year in which landed immigrant status was first obtained.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Includes non-permanent residents.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

For 1995, includes immigrants who arrived in 1995 and before May 14 of 1996. For 2000, includes immigrants who arrived in 2000 and before May 15 of 2001.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

For 1995, includes immigrants who arrived in 1995 and before May 14 of 1996. For 2000, includes immigrants who arrived in 2000 and before May 15 of 2001.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Visible Minorities - Refers to the visible minority group to which the respondent belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour'.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

The 1991 visible minority data were derived from other 1991 Census questions such as Ethnic Origin, Religion, Place of Birth and Language questions. In 1996 and 2001, a direct question was asked, called the Population Group question, from which counts of visible minorities were derived.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Includes respondents who reported a write-in response classified as a visible minority such as 'Polynesian', 'Guyanese', 'Mauritian', etc.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian'.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to Question 18 (Aboriginal self-reporting) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Visible Minorities - Refers to the visible minority group to which the respondent belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour'.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

The 1991 visible minority data were derived from other 1991 Census questions such as Ethnic Origin, Religion, Place of Birth and Language questions. In 1996 and 2001, a direct question was asked, called the Population Group question, from which counts of visible minorities were derived.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Includes respondents who reported a write-in response classified as a visible minority such as 'Polynesian', 'Guyanese', 'Mauritian', etc.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian'.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to Question 18 (Aboriginal self-reporting) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Aboriginal Identity - Refers to those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, i.e. North American Indian, Métis or Inuit (Eskimo), and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian as defined by the Indian Act of Canada and/or who were members of an Indian Band or First Nation. In 1991 and previous censuses, Aboriginal persons were determined using the ethnic origin question (ancestry). The 1996 Census included a question on the individual's own perception of his/her Aboriginal identity. The 2001 Census question is the same as the one used in 1996.

The incidence of low income is not calculated for economic families and unattached individuals living in the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and on Indian reserves. In addition, low income data are available for five census subdivisions (CSDs) in Saskatchewan (Timber Bay, Denare Beach, Sandy Bay, Pinehouse and La Loche) which Indian and Northern Affairs Canada considers as First Nation communities but which are not Indian reserves. The data for these communities have been included in the incidence of low income calculations for the Saskatchewan and Canada level data. However, they are not shown as part of the 'On reserve' column in the tables for Saskatchewan and Canada.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Indicates a single response only.

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Indicates a single response only.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Indicates a single response only.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Includes multiple Aboriginal responses and those who identified themselves as Registered Indians and/or Band members without self-reported Aboriginal response.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

Aboriginal Identity - Refers to those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, i.e. North American Indian, Métis or Inuit (Eskimo), and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian as defined by the Indian Act of Canada and/or who were members of an Indian Band or First Nation. In 1991 and previous censuses, Aboriginal persons were determined using the ethnic origin question (ancestry). The 1996 Census included a question on the individual's own perception of his/her Aboriginal identity. The 2001 Census question is the same as the one used in 1996.

The incidence of low income is not calculated for economic families and unattached individuals living in the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and on Indian reserves. In addition, low income data are available for five census subdivisions (CSDs) in Saskatchewan (Timber Bay, Denare Beach, Sandy Bay, Pinehouse and La Loche) which Indian and Northern Affairs Canada considers as First Nation communities but which are not Indian reserves. The data for these communities have been included in the incidence of low income calculations for the Saskatchewan and Canada level data. However, they are not shown as part of the 'On reserve' column in the tables for Saskatchewan and Canada.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Indicates a single response only.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

Indicates a single response only.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

Indicates a single response only.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

Includes multiple Aboriginal responses and those who identified themselves as Registered Indians and/or Band members without self-reported Aboriginal response.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

Knowledge of Official Languages - Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither of the official languages of Canada.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

Knowledge of Official Languages - Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither of the official languages of Canada.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

Mother Tongue - Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

Mother Tongue - Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

Weeks Worked in 2000 - Refers to the number of weeks in 2000 during which persons worked for pay or in self-employment at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours. It includes weeks of paid vacation, weeks on sick leave with pay, and all weeks in which training was paid for by the employer.

Full-time or Part-time Weeks Worked in 2000 - Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2000. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2000 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Weeks Worked in 2000 - Refers to the number of weeks in 2000 during which persons worked for pay or in self-employment at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours. It includes weeks of paid vacation, weeks on sick leave with pay, and all weeks in which training was paid for by the employer.

Full-time or Part-time Weeks Worked in 2000 - Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2000. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2000 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 39 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

Class of Worker - This variable classifies persons who reported a job into the following categories:

(a) persons who worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions, tips, piece-rates, or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money);

(b) persons who worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help, operating a business, farm or professional practice, alone or in partnership;

(c) persons who worked without pay in a family business, farm or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member; unpaid family work does not include unpaid housework, unpaid childcare, unpaid care to seniors and volunteer work.

The job reported was the one held in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 15, 2001) if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 2000, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were asked to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Class of Worker - This variable classifies persons who reported a job into the following categories:

(a) persons who worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions, tips, piece-rates, or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money);

(b) persons who worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help, operating a business, farm or professional practice, alone or in partnership;

(c) persons who worked without pay in a family business, farm or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member; unpaid family work does not include unpaid housework, unpaid childcare, unpaid care to seniors and volunteer work.

The job reported was the one held in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 15, 2001) if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 2000, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were asked to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 41 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Occupation (Historical) - Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 15, 2001), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2000. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

This variable has been created in order to facilitate comparison of occupation data coded to the 2001 National Occupational Classification for Statistics (NOC-S 2001) with 1991 and 1996 Census occupation data coded to the 1991 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC).

The 1991 SOC was used as the basis for the creation of the Occupation (Historical) variable. Wherever possible, the 1991 SOC code has been retained. However, data users should be aware that some adjustments to occupation data coded to the 1991 SOC will still be necessary when making comparisons with the 2001 Occupation (Historical) variable.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the husband or male partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 of the census reference year. The census reference years are as follows: 1995 for the 1996 Census and 2000 for the 2001 Census.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

Refers to the experienced labour force: persons who, during the week prior to Census Day, were employed or unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1 of the census reference year. The census reference years are as follows: 1995 for the 1996 Census and 2000 for the 2001 Census.

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

Occupation (Historical) - Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 15, 2001), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2000. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

This variable has been created in order to facilitate comparison of occupation data coded to the 2001 National Occupational Classification for Statistics (NOC-S 2001) with 1991 and 1996 Census occupation data coded to the 1991 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC).

The 1991 SOC was used as the basis for the creation of the Occupation (Historical) variable. Wherever possible, the 1991 SOC code has been retained. However, data users should be aware that some adjustments to occupation data coded to the 1991 SOC will still be necessary when making comparisons with the 2001 Occupation (Historical) variable.

Economic Family Status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic Family Persons - Refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption, and thereby constitute an economic family. They can be further classified as follows:

Economic Family Reference Persons - In each economic family, one person is designated as the reference person. For purposes of presentation of historically comparable low-income statistics, the following designations have been made. The male spouse or partner is designated as the reference person in couple families. In lone-parent families, the male or female lone parent is the reference person. In same-sex families where one of the partners is the reference person, the first person in the couple listed on the questionnaire is the economic family reference person. In all other economic families, either a male or female non-census family person is designated as the reference person.

Economic Family Members - Persons other than the reference person (as described above) who belong to the same economic family are classified as spouses or opposite-sex partners, male or female same-sex partners, never-married sons or daughters, other sons or daughters or other economic family members.

Unattached Individuals - Refer to household members who are not members of an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

In economic families of now-married couples or opposite-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the wife or female partner are used. In economic families of same-sex common-law couples, the characteristics of the first female partner listed on the questionnaire are used. In other economic families, the characteristics of the lone parent or reference person are used.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 of the census reference year. The census reference years are as follows: 1995 for the 1996 Census and 2000 for the 2001 Census.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

Refers to the experienced labour force: persons who, during the week prior to Census Day, were employed or unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1 of the census reference year. The census reference years are as follows: 1995 for the 1996 Census and 2000 for the 2001 Census.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2001 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97F0020XCB2001070.

Map – Canada

Map is currently unavailable.

Download

Download data as displayed in the Data table tab

Download entire table

Footnotes

Footnote a

To access the comma separated values (CSV) file, use the conversion features available in most spreadsheet software, or use a free viewer, for example csview.

Return to footnote a referrer

Footnote b

To access the tab separated values (TAB) file, use the conversion features available in most spreadsheet software, or use a free viewer, for example AscToTab.

Return to footnote b referrer

Footnote c

To access the Beyond 20/20 (IVT) version, you need the Beyond 20/20 Table Browser, which may be downloaded below. These links download files directly from an external site and are not the responsibility of Statistics Canada.

Beyond 20/20 Browser for Windows operating systems (18.9 MB)
To install this product, run 'ProBrowser.exe'.

Return to footnote c referrer

Footnote d

XML (SDMX - ML) - Is a statistical data and metadata exchange standard for the electronic exchange of statistical information. Two extensible mark-up language (XML) files are provided in a compressed bundle.

Return to footnote d referrer

Related data