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Health Profile, December 2013

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Health Profile, December 2013
Table summary
The table shows total, male, and female health data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Hamilton
(CMA)
Canada
Change geography 1 Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Well-being  
Perceived health, very good or excellent (%) Health data: Footnote 1 59.7 60.5 59.0 59.9 60.1 59.7
Perceived mental health, very good or excellent (%) Health data: Footnote 3 73.7 74.9 72.6 72.2 73.1 71.2
Perceived life stress (%) Health data: Footnote 5 23.2 20.0 26.3 23.2 21.7 24.6
Health Conditions  
Overweight or obese (%) Health data: Footnote 6 60.2 68.8 51.9 52.3 60.0 44.6
Overweight (%) Health data: Footnote 7 37.6 47.6 27.9 34.0 40.7 27.1
Obese (%) Health data: Footnote 8 22.6 21.2 24.0 18.3 19.3 17.4
Arthritis (%) Health data: Footnote 10 19.6 16.4 22.7 16.2 12.4 19.9
Diabetes (%) Health data: Footnote 11 6.6 6.7 6.4 6.3 6.8 5.9
Asthma (%) Health data: Footnote 12 8.4 5.8Note E: use with caution 10.8Note E: use with caution 8.3 7.1 9.6
High blood pressure (%) Health data: Footnote 13 21.6 24.7 18.7 17.5 17.3 17.7
Mood disorder (%) Health data: Footnote 14 8.4 5.6 11.0 7.1 5.1 9.0
Pain or discomfort, moderate or severe (%) Health data: Footnote 15 15.8 11.2 20.1 14.1 11.6 16.5
Pain or discomfort that prevents activities (%) Health data: Footnote 16 17.4 13.5 21.1 14.7 12.4 17.1
Low birth weight (% of live births) Health data: Footnote 17 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 6.0 5.6 6.4
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (%) Health data: Footnote 18 4.7Note E: use with caution 4.3Note E: use with caution 5.0Note E: use with caution 4.1 3.6 4.6
Injuries within the past 12 months causing limitation of normal activities (%) Health data: Footnote 19 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Injuries in the past 12 months, sought medical attention (%) Health data: Footnote 20 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Hospitalized stroke event rate (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 21 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 121 141 103
Hospitalized acute myocardial infarction event rate (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 22 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 205 289 130
Injury hospitalization (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 23 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 516 576 443
Cancer incidence (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 24 416.8 474.7 376.3 404.9 464.6 361.3
Colon cancer incidence (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 25 49.5 63.4 38.1 49.9 60.8 40.8
Lung cancer incidence (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 26 55.5 68.5 45.8 56.9 69.3 47.6
Breast cancer incidence (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 27 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 106.5 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 98.4
Prostate cancer incidence (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 28 Note ...: not applicable 134.8 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 124.3 Note ...: not applicable
Health Behaviours  
Current smoker, daily or occasional (%) Health data: Footnote 29 20.5 24.5 16.9 20.1 22.7 17.5
Current smoker, daily (%) Health data: Footnote 30 16.9 19.8 14.3 15.3 17.3 13.3
Heavy drinking (%) Health data: Footnote 31 20.0 26.8 13.7 18.2 25.5 11.0
Leisure-time physical activity, moderately active or active (%) Health data: Footnote 32 57.5 61.5 53.7 53.8 56.3 51.5
Fruit and vegetable consumption, 5 times or more per day (%) Health data: Footnote 34 42.7 36.8 48.2 40.5 33.7 47.1
Bike helmet use (%) Health data: Footnote 35 38.2 35.2 42.7 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Human Function  
Participation and activity limitation, sometimes or often (%) Health data: Footnote 36 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Functional health, good to full (%) Health data: Footnote 37 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Accessibility  
Influenza immunization (%) Health data: Footnote 38 31.9 29.0 34.6 29.6 26.1 32.9
Mammography (%) Health data: Footnote 39 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 72.5
Pap smear (%) Health data: Footnote 40 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 72.8
Regular medical doctor (%) Health data: Footnote 41 92.2 88.3 95.9 84.9 80.9 88.9
Wait time for hip fracture surgery (Proportion with surgery within 48 hours) (proportion) Health data: Footnote 42 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 81.1 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Appropriateness  
Caesarean section (proportion) Health data: Footnote 43 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 27.1 Note ...: not applicable 27.1
Patients with repeat hospitalizations for mental illness (%) Health data: Footnote 44 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 10.9 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Effectiveness  
Ambulatory care sensitive conditions (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 45 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 290 323 259
30-day acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in-hospital mortality (rate) Health data: Footnote 46 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 7.3 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
30-day stroke in-hospital mortality (rate) Health data: Footnote 47 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 15.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Self-injury hospitalizations (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 48 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 67 54 80
30-day obstetric readmission rate (%) Health data: Footnote 49 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 2.0 Note ...: not applicable 2.0
30-day readmission - patients age 19 and younger (%) Health data: Footnote 50 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 6.5 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
30-day surgical readmission rate (%) Health data: Footnote 51 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 6.6 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
30-day medical readmission rate (%) Health data: Footnote 52 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 13.4 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Potentially avoidable mortality (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 53 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 182.5 230.4 136.7
Avoidable mortality from preventable causes (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 54 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 117.9 159.1 78.2
Avoidable mortality from treatable causes (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 55 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 64.6 71.2 58.5
Continuity  
30-day readmission rate for mental illness (%) Health data: Footnote 56 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 11.6 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Safety  
Hospitalized hip fracture event rate (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 57 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 435 311 518
Environmental Factors  
Second-hand smoke, exposure at home (%) Health data: Footnote 58 4.8 6.1Note E: use with caution 3.6Note E: use with caution 5.1 5.3 4.8
Second-hand smoke, exposure in vehicles and/or public places (%) Health data: Footnote 59 15.6 17.3 14.2 16.7 17.9 15.5
Deaths  
Infant mortality (per 1,000 live births) Health data: Footnote 62 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 5.0 5.4 4.6
Life expectancy at birth (years) Health data: Footnote 63 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 81.1 78.8 83.3
Life expectancy at age 65 (years) Health data: Footnote 64 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 20.2 18.5 21.6
Total, all causes of death (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 65 531.4 651.4 438.4 542.3 670.1 443.1
All cancers, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 66 168.3 204.4 142.8 166.4 202.1 141.1
Colorectal cancer, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 67 17.4 22.3 13.7 17.9 22.4 14.3
Lung cancer, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 68 42.7 53.9 34.6 45.4 57.8 36.1
Breast cancer, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 69 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 23.5 11.9 Note ...: not applicable 21.8
Prostate cancer, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 70 Note ...: not applicable 20.8 Note ...: not applicable 8.3 21.0 Note ...: not applicable
Circulatory diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 71 152.4 193.5 119.4 157.3 199.8 123.7
Ischaemic heart diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 72 84.7 117.0 59.3 84.6 117.0 59.2
Cerebrovascular diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 73 28.5 27.3 28.6 30.8 33.4 28.6
All other circulatory diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 74 39.2 49.2 31.5 41.9 49.5 36.0
Respiratory diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 75 41.5 50.3 35.9 45.0 59.4 36.1
Pneumonia and influenza, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 76 13.0 13.9 12.3 11.7 14.5 10.0
Bronchitis, emphysema and asthma, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 77 2.2 2.7 1.8 2.4 3.0 2.0
All other respiratory diseases, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 78 26.3 33.6 21.8 30.8 41.9 24.0
Unintentional injuries, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 79 26.3 35.2 18.4 25.1 34.5 16.3
Suicides and self-inflicted injuries, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 80 6.5 10.0 3.1 10.2 15.8 4.8
Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease, deaths (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 81 0.8 1.2 0.5 1.2 1.9 0.5
Premature mortality (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 82 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 251.7 312.2 194.0
Personal Resources  
Sense of community belonging (%) Health data: Footnote 83 64.9 60.6 69.0 65.4 64.4 66.4
Life satisfaction, satisfied or very satisfied (%) Health data: Footnote 84 93.6 93.5 93.8 92.3 92.4 92.3
Living and Working Conditions  
High school graduates aged 25 to 29 (%) Health data: Footnote 85 89.9 87.2 92.7 88.4 86.0 90.8
Post-secondary graduates aged 25 to 54 (%) Health data: Footnote 86 66.9 64.0 69.6 66.5 64.6 68.3
Unemployment (%) Health data: Footnote 87 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 7.5 Note .: not available for any reference period Note .: not available for any reference period
Youth unemployment, aged 15 to 24 (%) Health data: Footnote 88 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 14.2 Note .: not available for any reference period Note .: not available for any reference period
Long-term unemployment (%) Health data: Footnote 89 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3
Low income (%) Health data: Footnote 90 15.7 14.6 16.7 14.8 13.9 15.7
Children aged 17 and under living in low income families (%) Health data: Footnote 91 19.1 19.4 18.8 16.1 16.1 16.2
Community  
Total population (%) Health data: Footnote 92 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Large urban population centre population (%) Health data: Footnote 93 93.0 92.7 93.3 60.0 59.5 60.4
Medium population centre population (%) Health data: Footnote 94 0.0 0.0 0.0 8.7 8.6 8.9
Small population centre population (%) Health data: Footnote 95 1.1 1.1 1.1 12.4 12.3 12.5
Rural area population (%) Health data: Footnote 96 5.9 6.2 5.7 18.9 19.6 18.2
Population density (persons per km2) Health data: Footnote 97 525.61 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3.73 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Dependency ratio (%) Health data: Footnote 98 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 57.4 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Youth, under 20 years, as a proportion of total population (%) Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 23.5 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Seniors, 65 years and over, as a proportion of total population (%) Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 12.9 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Aboriginal population (%) Health data: Footnote 99 1.7 1.6 1.8 4.3 4.2 4.3
Immigrant population (%) Health data: Footnote 100 23.5 23.0 24.1 20.6 20.0 21.2
1 year internal migrants (%) Health data: Footnote 101 3.6 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.2 4.2
5 year internal migrants (%) Health data: Footnote 102 11.5 11.3 11.7 13.9 13.9 13.8
Population living within a Metropolitan Influenced Zone (%) Health data: Footnote 103 100.0 100.0 100.0 86.7 86.4 86.9
Lone-parent families (%) Health data: Footnote 104 17.5 3.4 14.0 16.3 3.5 12.8
Visible minority population (%) Health data: Footnote 105 14.3 14.5 14.2 19.1 18.8 19.3
Health System  
Contact with a medical doctor in the past 12 months (%) Health data: Footnote 106 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period
Coronary artery bypass graft (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 107 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 62 102 25
Percutaneous coronary intervention (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 108 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 172 265 87
Cardiac revascularization (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 109 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 233 365 111
Hip replacement (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 110 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 105 100 108
Knee replacement (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 111 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 169 143 194
Hysterectomy (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 112 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 320 Note ...: not applicable 320
Inflow/outflow ratio - Overall (ratio) Health data: Footnote 113 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note .: not available for any reference period Note .: not available for any reference period Note .: not available for any reference period
Mental illness hospitalization rate (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 114 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 489 511 465
Mental illness patient days (per 10,000 population) Health data: Footnote 115 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 707 739 671
Resources  
Doctors rate - General/family physicians (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 116 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 106 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Doctors rate - Specialist physicians (per 100,000 population) Health data: Footnote 117 Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period Note ..: not available for a specific reference period 103 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable

Health data: Symbols

Health data: Symbol legend
Symbol Description
· not available for any reference period
·· not available for a specific reference period
··· not applicable
E use with caution
F too unreliable to be published
x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Health data: Footnotes

Footnote 1

Perceived health, very good or excellent

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported perceiving their own health status as being either excellent or very good or fair or poor, depending on the indicator. Perceived health refers to the perception of a person's health in general, either by the person himself or herself, or, in the case of proxy response, by the person responding. Health means not only the absence of disease or injury but also physical, mental and social well being.

Perceived health is an indicator of overall health status. It can reflect aspects of health not captured in other measures, such as incipient disease, disease severity, physiological and psychological reserves as well as social and mental function. Perceived health refers to a person's health in general — not only the absence of disease or injury, but also physical, mental and social well-being.

Return to health data footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 3

Perceived mental health, very good or excellent

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported perceiving their own mental health status as being excellent or very good or fair or poor, depending on the indicator. Perceived mental health refers to the perception of a person's mental health in general. Perceived mental health provides a general indication of the population suffering from some form of mental disorder, mental or emotional problems, or distress, not necessarily reflected in perceived health.

Return to health data footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 5

Perceived life stress

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 15 and over who reported perceiving that most days in their life were quite a bit or extremely stressful. Perceived life stress refers to the amount of stress in the person's life, on most days, as perceived by the person or, in the case of proxy response, by the person responding.

Stress carries several negative health consequences, including heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, as well as immune and circulatory complications.1 Exposure to stress can also contribute to behaviours such as smoking, over-consumption of alcohol, and less-healthy eating habits.

Return to health data footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Overweight or obese

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Body mass index (BMI) is a method of classifying body weight according to health risk. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, health risk levels are associated with each of the following BMI categories:

  • normal weight = least health risk;
  • underweight and overweight = increased health risk;
  • obese, class I = high health risk;
  • obese, class II = very high health risk;
  • obese, class III = extremely high health risk.

Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the respondent's body weight (in kilograms) by their height (in metres) squared.

A definition change was implemented in 2004 to conform with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines for body weight classification. The index is calculated for the population aged 18 and over, excluding pregnant females and persons less than 3 feet (0.914 metres) tall or greater than 6 feet 11 inches (2.108 metres).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, the index for body weight classification is:

  • less than 18.50 (underweight);
  • 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight);
  • 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight);
  • 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I);
  • 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II);
  • 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

Obesity has been linked with many chronic diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis and certain types of cancer.

Return to health data footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Overweight

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Body mass index (BMI) is a method of classifying body weight according to health risk. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, health risk levels are associated with each of the following BMI categories:

  • normal weight = least health risk;
  • underweight and overweight = increased health risk;
  • obese, class I = high health risk;
  • obese, class II = very high health risk;
  • obese, class III = extremely high health risk.

Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the respondent's body weight (in kilograms) by their height (in metres) squared.

A definition change was implemented in 2004 to conform with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines for body weight classification. The index is calculated for the population aged 18 and over, excluding pregnant females and persons less than 3 feet (0.914 metres) tall or greater than 6 feet 11 inches (2.108 metres).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, the index for body weight classification is:

  • less than 18.50 (underweight);
  • 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight);
  • 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight);
  • 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I);
  • 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II);
  • 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

Return to health data footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Obese

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Body mass index (BMI) is a method of classifying body weight according to health risk. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, health risk levels are associated with each of the following BMI categories:

  • normal weight = least health risk;
  • underweight and overweight = increased health risk;
  • obese, class I = high health risk;
  • obese, class II = very high health risk;
  • obese, class III = extremely high health risk.

Body mass index (BMI) is calculated by dividing the respondent's body weight (in kilograms) by their height (in metres) squared.

A definition change was implemented in 2004 to conform with the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines for body weight classification. The index is calculated for the population aged 18 and over, excluding pregnant females and persons less than 3 feet (0.914 metres) tall or greater than 6 feet 11 inches (2.108 metres).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada guidelines, the index for body weight classification is:

  • less than 18.50 (underweight);
  • 18.50 to 24.99 (normal weight);
  • 25.00 to 29.99 (overweight);
  • 30.00 to 34.99 (obese, class I);
  • 35.00 to 39.99 (obese, class II);
  • 40.00 or greater (obese, class III).

Obesity has been linked with many chronic diseases, including hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis and certain types of cancer.

Return to health data footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 10

Arthritis

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 15 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having arthritis. Prior to 2009-2010, data for this indicator covered population aged 12 and over.

Arthritis includes rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, but excludes fibromyalgia.

The term 'arthritis' describes many conditions that affect joints, the tissue surrounding joints, and other connective tissue. The most common types are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The resulting pain, stiffness, swelling and/or deformity of the joints can substantially reduce quality of life.

Return to health data footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Diabetes

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having diabetes.

Diabetes includes females 15 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed with gestational diabetes.

Diabetes occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin, or when the insulin produced is not used effectively. Diabetes may lead to a reduced quality of life as well as complications such as heart disease, stroke and kidney disease.

Return to health data footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Asthma

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having asthma.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that causes coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and wheezing. Quality of life can be affected not only by asthma attacks, but also by absences from work and limitations in other activities.

Return to health data footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

High blood pressure

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having high blood pressure.

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, increases the risk of stroke, heart attack and kidney failure. It can narrow and block arteries, as well as strain and weaken the body's organs.

Return to health data footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Mood disorder

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have been diagnosed by a health professional as having a mood disorder, such as depression, bipolar disorder, mania or dysthymia.

Return to health data footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Pain or discomfort, moderate or severe

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they usually have pain or discomfort.

Return to health data footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Pain or discomfort that prevents activities

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported having pain or discomfort that prevents activities.

Return to health data footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Low birth weight

Source : Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics, Birth Database, 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4303, 102-4304

Live births less than 2,500 grams, expressed as a percentage of all live births (birth weight known).

Counts and rates (percentages) in this table are based on three consecutive years of data which were summed and divided by three. Counts have been rounded and do not always add to the exact totals.

The reference period associated with these data reflects the mid-point of the three-year period.

Return to health data footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 35 and over who reported being diagnosed by a health professional with chronic bronchitis, emphysema or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Return to health data footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Injuries within the past 12 months causing limitation of normal activities

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who sustained injuries in the past 12 months. Repetitive strain injuries are not included. Refers to injuries which are serious enough to limit normal activities. For those with more than one injury in the past 12 months, refers to "the most serious injury", as identified by the respondent.

Return to health data footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Injuries in the past 12 months, sought medical attention

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502

Population aged 12 and over who sustained injuries in the past 12 months and who sought medical attention from a health professional in the 48 hours following the injury.

Return to health data footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Hospitalized stroke event rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Hospitalized stroke event rate

Age-standardized rate of new stroke events admitted to an acute care hospital per 100,000 population age 20 and older. New event is defined as a first-ever hospitalization for stroke or a recurrent hospitalized stroke occurring more than 28 days after the admission for the previous event in the reference period.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of long-term disability and death. Measuring its occurrence in the population is important for planning and evaluating of preventive strategies, allocating health resources and estimating costs. From a disease surveillance perspective, there are three groups of strokes: fatal events occurring out of the hospital, non-fatal stokes managed outside acute care hospitals and those admitted to an acute care facility. Although strokes admitted to a hospital do not reflect all stroke events in the community, this information provides a useful and timely estimate of the disease occurrence in the population.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Hospitalized acute myocardial infarction (AMI) event rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD); Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, CIHI, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Hospitalized acute myocardial infarction (AMI) event rate

Age-standardized rate of new AMI events admitted to an acute care hospital per 100,000 population age 20 and older. New event is defined as a first-ever hospitalization for an AMI or a recurrent hospitalized AMI occurring more than 28 days after the admission for the previous event in the reference period.

AMI is one of the leading causes of morbidity and death. Measuring its occurrence in the population is important for planning and evaluating preventive strategies, allocating health resources and estimating costs. From a disease surveillance perspective, there are three groups of AMI events: non-diagnosed events, fatal events occurring outside the hospital and those admitted to acute care hospitals. Although AMIs admitted to a hospital do not reflect all acute myocardial infarctions in the community, this information provides a useful and timely estimate of the disease occurrence in the population.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Injury hospitalization rate

Source : National Trauma Registry (NTR), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Injury hospitalization rate

Age-standardized rate of acute care hospitalization due to injury resulting from the transfer of energy (excluding poisoning and other non-traumatic injuries), per 100,000 population.

This indicator contributes to an understanding of the adequacy and effectiveness of injury prevention efforts, including public education, product development and use, community and road design, and prevention and treatment resources.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Cancer incidence

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database and Demography Division (population estimates) 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0404, 103-0405

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms.

World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites.  [C00-C97].

Return to health data footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Colon cancer incidence

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database and Demography Division (population estimates) 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0404, 103-0405

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms.

World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites. [C18.0-C18.9, C26.0]

Return to health data footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Lung cancer incidence

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database and Demography Division (population estimates) 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0404, 103-0405

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms.

World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites.  [C34.0-C34.9]

Return to health data footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Breast cancer incidence

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database and Demography Division (population estimates) 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0404, 103-0405

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms.

World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites. [C50.0-C50.9]

Return to health data footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Prostate cancer incidence

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CCR) Database and Demography Division (population estimates) 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 103-0404, 103-0405

Cancer incidence refers to new primary sites of malignant neoplasms.

World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD-O-3) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules for determining multiple primaries sites. [C61.9]

Return to health data footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

Current smoker, daily or occasional

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported being a current smoker.

Daily smokers refers to those who reported smoking cigarettes every day.

Does not take into account the number of cigarettes smoked.

Occasional smokers refers to those who reported smoking cigarettes occasionally. This includes former daily smokers who now smoke occasionally.

Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic respiratory disease, and other conditions1. According to the World Health Organization, smoking is an important and preventable cause of death.

Return to health data footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Current smoker, daily

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported being a current smoker.

Daily smokers refers to those who reported smoking cigarettes every day.

Does not take into account the number of cigarettes smoked.

Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer, heart disease, stroke, chronic respiratory disease, and other conditions.1 According to the World Health Organization, smoking is an important and preventable cause of death.

Return to health data footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

Heavy drinking

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported having 5 or more drinks on one occasion, at least once a month in the past year.

Heavy drinking refers to having consumed five or more drinks, per occasion, at least once a month during the past year. This level of alcohol consumption can have serious health and social consequences, especially when combined with other behaviours such as driving while intoxicated.

Return to health data footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

Leisure-time physical activity, moderately active or active

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported a level of physical activity, based on their responses to questions about the nature, frequency and duration of their participation in leisure-time physical activity.

Respondents are classified as active, moderately active or inactive based on an index of average daily physical activity over the past 3 months. For each leisure time physical activity engaged in by the respondent, an average daily energy expenditure is calculated by multiplying the number of times the activity was performed by the average duration of the activity by the energy cost (kilocalories per kilogram of body weight per hour) of the activity. The index is calculated as the sum of the average daily energy expenditures of all activities. Respondents are classified as follows:

  • 3.0 kcal/kg/day or more = physically active;
  • 1.5 to 2.9 kcal/kg/day = moderately active;
  • less than 1.5 kcal/kg/day = inactive.

The health benefits of physical activity include a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, some types of cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure, depression, stress and anxiety.

Return to health data footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 34

Fruit and vegetable consumption, 5 times or more per day

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Indicates the usual number of times (frequency) per day a person reported eating fruits and vegetables. Measure does not take into account the amount consumed.

Fruit and vegetables are an important source of vitamins, minerals and fibre. A diet rich in fruit and vegetables may reduce the risk of heart disease and some types of cancer.

Return to health data footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

Bike helmet use

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they always wore a helmet when riding a bicycle in the last 12 months.

Return to health data footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

Participation and activity limitation, sometimes or often

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported being limited in selected activities (home, school, work and other activities) because of a physical condition, mental condition or health problem which has lasted or is expected to last 6 months or longer.

Return to health data footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

Functional health, good to full

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over reporting measures of overall functional health, based on 8 dimensions of functioning (vision, hearing, speech, mobility, dexterity, feelings, cognition and pain).

A score of 0.8 to 1.0 is considered to be good to full functional health; scores below 0.8 are considered to indicate moderate to poor functional health problems.

Otherwise known as the Health Utility Index (HUI), this index, developed at McMaster University's Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, is based on the Comprehensive Health Status Measurement System (CHSMS).

Return to health data footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

Influenza immunization, less than one year ago

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported when they had their last influenza immunization (flu shot).  The 2009 data on flu shots may include H1N1 vaccines received in the Fall of 2009. In 2010, the word "seasonal" was added to the questions in order to collect the two types of vaccines separately.

Return to health data footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Received mammogram within the last 2 years, females aged 50 to 69 years

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2008.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0543

Women aged 50 to 69 who reported when they had their last mammogram for routine screening or other reasons.

Screening mammography is an important strategy for early detection of breast cancer.

Return to health data footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

Pap smear within the last 3 years, by age group, females aged 18 to 69 years

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2005.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0442

Women aged 18 to 69 who reported when they had their last Pap smear test.

Pap tests detect pre-malignant lesions before cancer of the cervix develops.

Return to health data footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Regular medical doctor

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported that they have a regular medical doctor.

For many Canadians, the first point of contact for medical care is their doctor. Being without a regular medical doctor is associated with fewer visits to general practitioners or specialists, who can play a role in the early screening and treatment of medical conditions.

Return to health data footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Wait time for hip fracture surgery (Proportion with surgery within 48 hours)

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Wait time for hip fracture surgery (Proportion with surgery within 48 hours)

Proportion with surgery within 48 hours: Risk-adjusted proportion of hip fracture patients age 65 and older who underwent hip fracture surgery within 48 hours of admission to hospital.

Operative delay in older patients with hip fracture is associated with a higher risk of post-operative complications and mortality. Wait time for surgery following hip fracture provides a measure of access to care. The wait time may be influenced by comorbid conditions, hospital transfers and practice differences related to certain types of medications, like blood thinners. However, longer waits may indicate lack of resources, physician unavailability and/or other issues related to access to care.

Rates for Quebec are not available due to differences in data collection. Canada rate does not include Quebec.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Caesarean section

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Caesarean section

Proportion of women delivering babies in acute care hospitals by caesarean section.

Caesarean section rates provide information on the frequency of surgical birth delivery relative to all modes of birth delivery. Since Caesarean section delivery increases maternal morbidity/mortality and is associated with higher costs, Caesarean section rates are often used to monitor clinical practices with an implicit assumption that lower rates indicate more appropriate, as well as more efficient care.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

Patients with repeat hospitalizations for mental illness

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), Ontario Mental Health Reporting System (OMHRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Patients with repeat hospitalizations for mental illness

Risk-adjusted percentage of individuals that had three or more episodes of care for a selected mental illness1 over all those who had at least one episode of care for a selected mental illness in general hospitals within a given year. An episode of care refers to all contiguous hospitalizations and same-day surgery visits in general hospitals.

This indicator is considered an indirect measure of appropriateness of care, since the need for frequent admission to hospital depends on the person and the type of illness. Challenges in getting appropriate care/support in the community and/or the appropriate medication often lead to frequent hospitalizations. Variations in this indicator across jurisdictions may reflect differences in the services that help individuals with mental illness remain in the community for a longer period of time without the need for hospitalization.

This indicator may help to identify a population of frequent users, and further investigations could provide a description of the characteristics of this group. Understanding this population can aid in developing/enhancing programs that may prevent the need for frequent rehospitalization.

1The mental illnesses selected for this indicator are substance-related disorders; schizophrenia, delusional and non-organic psychotic disorders; mood/affective disorders; anxiety disorders; and selected disorders of adult personality and behaviour.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

Ambulatory care sensitive conditions

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Ambulatory care sensitive conditions

Age-standardized acute care hospitalization rate for conditions where appropriate ambulatory care prevents or reduces the need for admission to hospital, per 100,000 population under age 75 years.

Ambulatory care sensitive conditions have been considered to be a measure of access to appropriate primary health care. While not all admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions are avoidable, it is assumed that appropriate prior ambulatory care could prevent the onset of this type of illness or condition, control an acute episodic illness or condition, or manage a chronic disease or condition. A disproportionately high rate is presumed to reflect problems in obtaining access to primary care.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

30-day acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in-hospital mortality

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI. Rates are based on the 3 years of pooled data: April 1, 2009 - March 31, 2012.
Related data: 30-day acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in-hospital mortality rate

The risk-adjusted rate of all-cause in-hospital death occurring within 30 days of first admission to an acute care hospital with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

To enable comparison across regions, a statistical model was used to adjust for differences in age, sex and co-morbidities. Adjusted mortality rates following AMI may reflect, for example, the underlying effectiveness of treatment and quality of care. Inter-regional variation in 30 day in hospital mortality rates may be due to jurisdictional and institutional differences in standards of care, as well as other factors that were not included in the adjustment.

Rates for Quebec are not available due to differences in data collection. Canada rate does not include Quebec.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

30-day stroke in-hospital mortality

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI. Rates are based on the 3 years of pooled data: April 1, 2009 - March 31, 2012.
Related data: 30-day stroke in-hospital mortality rate

The risk-adjusted rate of all-cause in-hospital death occurring within 30 days of first admission to an acute care hospital with a diagnosis of stroke.

To enable comparison across regions, a statistical model was used to adjust for differences in age, sex and co-morbidities. Adjusted mortality rates following stroke may reflect, for example, the underlying effectiveness of treatment and quality of care. Inter-regional variations in rates may be due to jurisdictional and institutional differences in standards of care, as well as other factors that are not included in the adjustment.

Rates for Quebec are not available due to differences in data collection. Canada rate does not include Quebec.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Self-injury hospitalization rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), OMHRS, NACRS, CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Self-injury hospitalization rate

Age-standardized rate of hospitalization in a general hospital due to self-injury per 100,000 population.

Self-injury is defined as a deliberate bodily injury that may or may not result in death. This type of injury is the result of either suicidal or self-harming behaviours, or both. Self-injury can be prevented, in many cases, by early recognition, intervention and treatment of mental illnesses. While some risk factors for self-injury are beyond the control of the health system, high rates of self-injury hospitalization can be interpreted as the result of a failure of the system to prevent self-injuries that are severe enough to require hospitalizations.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

OMHRS: Ontario Mental Health Reporting System

NACRS: National Ambulatory Care Reporting System

Return to health data footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

30-day obstetric readmission rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: 30-day obstetric readmission rate

Risk-adjusted rate of unplanned readmission for obstetric patients. 

Non-elective return to an acute care hospital for any cause is counted as a readmission if it occurs within 30 days of the index episode of inpatient care. An episode of care refers to all contiguous inpatient hospitalizations and same-day surgery visits.

Return to health data footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

30-day readmission rate - patients age 19 and younger

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: 30-day readmission rate - patients age 19 and younger

Risk-adjusted rate of unplanned readmission for pediatric patients. 

Non-elective return to an acute care hospital for any cause is counted as a readmission if it occurs within 30 days of the index episode of inpatient care. An episode of care refers to all contiguous inpatient hospitalizations and same-day surgery visits.

Return to health data footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

30-day surgical readmission rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: 30-day surgical readmission rate

Risk-adjusted rate of unplanned readmission for adult surgical patients.

Non-elective return to an acute care hospital for any cause is counted as a readmission if it occurs within 30 days of the index episode of inpatient care. An episode of care refers to all contiguous inpatient hospitalizations and same-day surgery visits.

Return to health data footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

30-day medical readmission rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: 30-day medical readmission rate

Risk-adjusted rate of unplanned readmission for adult medical patients.

Non-elective return to an acute care hospital for any cause is counted as a readmission if it occurs within 30 days of the index episode of inpatient care. An episode of care refers to all contiguous inpatient hospitalizations and same-day surgery visits.

Return to health data footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

Potentially avoidable mortality

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2006/2008.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4311

Age-standardized rate of premature deaths that could potentially have been avoided through all levels of prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary) per 100,000 population. Premature deaths are those of individuals who are younger than age 75.

Return to health data footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

Avoidable mortality from preventable causes

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2006/2008.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4311

Age-standardized rate of premature deaths that could potentially have been prevented through primary prevention efforts per 100,000 population. Mortality from preventable causes is a subset of potentially avoidable mortality.

Return to health data footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

Avoidable mortality from treatable causes

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2006/2008.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4311

Age-standardized rate of premature deaths that could potentially have been avoided through secondary or tertiary prevention per 100,000 population. Mortality from treatable causes is a subset of potentially avoidable mortality.

Return to health data footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

30-day readmission rate for mental illness

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), OMHRS, NACRS, CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: 30-day readmission rate for mental illness

Risk-adjusted rate of readmission following discharge for a mental illness. A case is counted as a readmission if it is for a selected mental illness diagnosis1 and if it occurs within 30 days of the index episode of inpatient care. An episode of care refers to all contiguous hospitalizations and same-day surgery visits in general hospitals.

Readmission to inpatient care may be an indicator of relapse or complications after an inpatient stay. Inpatient care for people living with a mental illness aims to stabilize acute symptoms. Once stabilized, the individual is discharged, and subsequent care and support are ideally provided through outpatient and community programs in order to prevent relapse or complications. High rates of 30-day readmission could be interpreted as a direct outcome of poor coordination of services and/or an indirect outcome of poor continuity of services after discharge.

1The mental illnesses selected for this indicator are substance-related disorders; schizophrenia, delusional and non-organic psychotic disorders; mood/affective disorders; anxiety disorders; and selected disorders of adult personality and behaviour.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

OMHRS: Ontario Mental Health Reporting System

NACRS: National Ambulatory Care Reporting System

Return to health data footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Hospitalized hip fracture event rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Hospitalized hip fracture event rate

Age-standardized rate of new hip fractures admitted to an acute care hospital per 100,000 population age 65 years and over. New event is defined as a first-ever hospitalization for hip fracture or a subsequent hip fracture occurring more than 28 days after the admission for the previous event in the reference period. A person may have more than one hip fracture event in the reference period.

Hip fractures represent a significant health burden for seniors and for the health system. As well as causing disability or death, hip fracture may have a major effect on independence and quality of life. Measuring occurrence of hip fractures in the population is important for planning and evaluating preventive strategies, allocating health resources and estimating costs.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

Exposure to second-hand smoke at home

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported that at least one person smoked inside their home every day or almost every day.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

'Passive smoking,' or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

Return to health data footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

Exposure to second-hand smoke in the past month, in vehicles and/or public places

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Non-smoking population aged 12 and over who reported being exposed to second-hand smoke in private vehicles and/or public places on every day or almost every day in the past month.

Smoking includes cigarettes, cigars and pipes.

'Passive smoking,' or exposure to second-hand smoke, has negative respiratory health effects. Two of the most common associated diseases are lung cancer in adults and asthma among children.

Return to health data footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 62

Infant mortality

Source : Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics, Birth and Death Databases, 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4305, 102-4306

Infant mortality corresponds to the death of a child under one year of age. Expressed as a rate per 1,000 live births.

A long-established measure, not only of child health, but also of the well-being of a society. This indicator reflects the level of mortality, health status, and health care of a population, and the effectiveness of preventive care and the attention paid to maternal and child health.

Return to health data footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

Life expectancy at birth

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2007/2009.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4307

Life expectancy is the number of years a person would be expected to live, starting from birth (for life expectancy at birth) or at age 65 (for life expectancy at age 65), on the basis of the mortality statistics for a given observation period.

A widely used indicator of the health of a population. Life expectancy measures quantity rather than quality of life.

For small populations (less than 25,000), life expectancy is shown with an 'E' (use with caution) to indicate that the quality of the estimates are more affected by the imputation method used when there are no deaths for a given age group.

Return to health data footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

Life expectancy at age 65

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2007/2009.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4307

Life expectancy is the number of years a person would be expected to live, starting from birth (for life expectancy at birth) or at age 65 (for life expectancy at age 65), on the basis of the mortality statistics for a given observation period.

A widely used indicator of the health of a population. Life expectancy measures quantity rather than quality of life.

For small populations (less than 25,000), life expectancy is shown with an 'E' (use with caution) to indicate that the quality of the estimates are more affected by the imputation method used when there are no deaths for a given age group.

Return to health data footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

Total, all causes of death

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death from all causes per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). All causes of death [A00-Y89].

Return to health data footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

All cancers, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). All malignant neoplasms (cancers) [C00-C97].

Return to health data footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

Colorectal cancer, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Colorectal cancer [C18-C21].

Return to health data footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Lung cancer, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Lung cancer [C33-C34].

Return to health data footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

Breast cancer, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Breast cancer [C50].

Rates for breast cancer (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code C50) were calculated for females only.

Return to health data footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

Prostate cancer, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Prostate cancer [C61].

Rates for prostate cancer (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code C61) were calculated for males only.

Return to health data footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

Circulatory diseases, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Circulatory diseases [I00-I99].

Return to health data footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

Ischaemic heart diseases, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Ischaemic heart diseases [I20-I25].

Return to health data footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

Cerebrovascular diseases, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Cerebrovascular diseases [I60-I69].

Return to health data footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

All other circulatory diseases, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). All other circulatory diseases [I00-I02, I05-I09, I10-I15, I26-I28, I30-I52, I70-I79, I80-I89, I95-I99].

Return to health data footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

Respiratory diseases, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Respiratory diseases (excluding infectious and parasitic diseases) [J00-J99].

Return to health data footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

Pneumonia and influenza, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Pneumonia and influenza [J10-J18].

Return to health data footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

Bronchitis, emphysema and asthma, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Bronchitis, emphysema and asthma [J40-J43, J45-J46].

Return to health data footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

All other respiratory diseases, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). All other respiratory diseases [J00-J06, J20-J22, J30-J39, J44, J47, J60-J70, J80-J84, J85-J86, J90-J94, J95-J99].

Return to health data footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Unintentional injuries, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Unintentional injuries [V01-X59, Y85-Y86].

External causes of unintentional injuries include transport accidents, falls, poisoning, drowning and fires, but not complications of medical and surgical care (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes V01 to X59, Y85 to Y86).

Return to health data footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

Suicides and self-inflicted injuries, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Suicides and self-inflicted injuries [X60-X84, Y87.0].

Return to health data footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease, deaths

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2005/2007.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4309, 102-4310

Age-standardized rate of death per 100,000 population.

World Health Organization (WHO), International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease [B20-B24].

Return to health data footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Premature mortality

Source : Statistics Canada, Canadian Vital Statistics, Death Database and Demography Division (population estimates), 2006/2008.
CANSIM table no(s).: 102-4311

Age-standardized rate of premature deaths per 100,000 population. Premature deaths are those of individuals who are younger than age 75.

Return to health data footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

Sense of community belonging

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502

Population aged 12 and over who reported their sense of belonging to their local community as being very strong or somewhat strong. Research shows a high correlation of sense of community-belonging with physical and mental health.

Return to health data footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

Life satisfaction, satisfied or very satisfied

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502

Population aged 12 and over who reported being satisfied or very satisfied with their life in general. Starting in 2009, this indicator is based on a grouped variable. In 2009, the question was changed from 5-point answer category to an 11-point scale. The concordance between the two scales was found to be good.

Return to health data footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

High school graduates aged 25 to 29

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

Population aged 25 to 29 years in private households who have a secondary school diploma or equivalent.

'High school certificate or equivalent' refers to whether the person has completed a secondary school diploma or the equivalent, no matter what other certificates, diplomas or degrees he or she has.

Examples of high school equivalency certificates are General Educational Development (GED) and Adult Basic Education (ABE).

Return to health data footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

Post-secondary graduates aged 25 to 54

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

Population aged 25 to 54 years in private households who have a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Information indicating the person's most advanced certificate, diploma or degree. This is a derived variable obtained from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported. The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (secondary school diploma, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a registered apprenticeship graduate may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a master's degree necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above the bachelor's level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

Return to health data footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Adult unemployment, 15 years and over

Source : Labour Force Survey (special tabulations), Statistics Canada, 2011.
CANSIM table no(s).: 109-5324

Proportion of the Labour force aged 15 and over who did not have a job during the reference period.

The labour force consists of people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but were available to work in the reference period and had looked for work in the past 4 four weeks. The reference period refers to a one-week period (from Sunday to Saturday) that usually includes the 15th day of the month.

The unemployment rate is a traditional measure of the economy. Unemployed people tend to experience more health problems.

Return to health data footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

Youth unemployment

Source : Labour Force Survey (special tabulations), Statistics Canada, 2011.
CANSIM table no(s).: 109-5324

Proportion of the Labour force for youths, aged 15 to 24 years, who did not have a job during the reference period.

The labour force consists of people who are currently employed and people who are unemployed but were available to work in the reference period and had looked for work in the past 4 four weeks. The reference period refers to a one-week period (from Sunday to Saturday) that usually includes the 15th day of the month.

The unemployment rate is a traditional measure of the economy. Unemployed people tend to experience more health problems.

Return to health data footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

Long-term unemployed

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

The long term unemployed includes unemployed persons in private households who last worked in or before 2010.

Return to health data footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

Low income rate

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

Low-income before-tax cut-offs represent income levels at which families or persons not in economic families spend 20 percentage points more than average of their before tax income on food, shelter and clothing.

Economic family refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

The economic family concept requires only that family members be related by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. By contrast, the census family concept requires that family members be a male or female married spouse, a male or female common-law partner, a male or female lone parent, or a child with a parent present. The concept of economic family may refer to a larger group of persons than does the census family concept. For example, a widowed mother living with her married son and daughter-in-law would be considered as a person not in a census family. That same person would, however, be counted as a member of an economic family along with her son and daughter-in-law. Two or more related census families living together also constitute one economic family as, for example, a husband and his wife living with their married son and daughter-in-law. Two or more adult brothers or sisters living together, apart from their parents, form an economic family, but not a census family. All census family persons are economic family persons.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

For additional information please refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary (http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/ref/dict/fam020-eng.cfm).

Return to health data footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

Children aged 17 and under living in low income families

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

Low-income before-tax cut-offs represent income levels at which families or persons not in economic families spend 20 percentage points more than average of their before tax income on food, shelter and clothing.

Economic family refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

The economic family concept requires only that family members be related by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. By contrast, the census family concept requires that family members be a male or female married spouse, a male or female common-law partner, a male or female lone parent, or a child with a parent present. The concept of economic family may refer to a larger group of persons than does the census family concept. For example, a widowed mother living with her married son and daughter-in-law would be considered as a person not in a census family. That same person would, however, be counted as a member of an economic family along with her son and daughter-in-law. Two or more related census families living together also constitute one economic family as, for example, a husband and his wife living with their married son and daughter-in-law. Two or more adult brothers or sisters living together, apart from their parents, form an economic family, but not a census family. All census family persons are economic family persons.

Age refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

For additional information please refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary (http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/ref/dict/fam020-eng.cfm).

Return to health data footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

Total population

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

The number of people living in a geographic area by sex.

A population's size and age/sex composition impact the health status of a region and its need for health services. Population data also provide the 'denominators' used to calculate rates for most health and social indicators.

For more recent estimates of health region population, see CANSIM table no. 109-5325.

Please note that the most appropriate 2011 population figures for Canada, provinces and territories are the current postcensal population estimates.

Return to health data footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

Large urban population centre population

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

A population centre has a population of at least 1,000 and a population density of 400 persons or more per square kilometre, based on the current census population count. All areas outside population centres are classified as rural areas.

Taken together, population centres and rural areas cover all of Canada.

Population centres are classified into three groups, depending on the size of their population:

  • small population centres, with a population of between 1,000 and 29,999;
  • medium population centres, with a population of between 30,000 and 99,999
  • large urban population centres, consisting of a population of 100,000 and over.

Rates were calculated on randomly rounded data, and may not necessarily add up to 100%.

Return to health data footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

Medium population centre population

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

A population centre has a population of at least 1,000 and a population density of 400 persons or more per square kilometre, based on the current census population count. All areas outside population centres are classified as rural areas.

Taken together, population centres and rural areas cover all of Canada.

Population centres are classified into three groups, depending on the size of their population:

  • small population centres, with a population of between 1,000 and 29,999;
  • medium population centres, with a population of between 30,000 and 99,999
  • large urban population centres, consisting of a population of 100,000 and over.

Rates were calculated on randomly rounded data, and may not necessarily add up to 100%.

Return to health data footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Small population centre population

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

A population centre has a population of at least 1,000 and a population density of 400 persons or more per square kilometre, based on the current census population count. All areas outside population centres are classified as rural areas.

Taken together, population centres and rural areas cover all of Canada.

Population centres are classified into three groups, depending on the size of their population:

  • small population centres, with a population of between 1,000 and 29,999;
  • medium population centres, with a population of between 30,000 and 99,999
  • large urban population centres, consisting of a population of 100,000 and over.

Rates were calculated on randomly rounded data, and may not necessarily add up to 100%.

Return to health data footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

Rural area population

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

A population centre has a population of at least 1,000 and a population density of 400 persons or more per square kilometre, based on the current census population count. All areas outside population centres are classified as rural areas.

Taken together, population centres and rural areas cover all of Canada.

Population centres are classified into three groups, depending on the size of their population:

  • small population centres, with a population of between 1,000 and 29,999;
  • medium population centres, with a population of between 30,000 and 99,999
  • large urban population centres, consisting of a population of 100,000 and over.

Rates were calculated on randomly rounded data, and may not necessarily add up to 100%.

Return to health data footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

Population density per square kilometre

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

Population density is the number of persons per square kilometre. The calculation for population density is total population divided by land area. Land area is the area in square kilometres of the land-based portions of standard geographic areas.

Return to health data footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

Dependency ratio

Source : Demography Division, Statistics Canada. Data are derived from the Census and administrative sources on births, deaths, and migration, 2011.
CANSIM table no(s).: 109-5326

The ratio of the combined population aged between 0 to 19 years old and the population aged of 65 years and over to the population aged between 20 to 64 years old.

This ratio is usually presented as the number of dependents for every 100 people in the working age population.

Return to health data footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

Aboriginal population

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

'Aboriginal identity' refers to whether the person reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or being a Registered or Treaty Indian (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or being a member of a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Aboriginal identity is reported for the population in private households.

Return to health data footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

Immigrant population

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Immigrant status is reported for the population in private households.

Return to health data footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

1 year internal migrants

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

'Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago' refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

It is reported for population aged 1 year and over residing in Canada, in private households.

Return to health data footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

5 year internal migrants

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

'Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago' refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.'

It is reported for population aged 5 years and over residing in Canada, in private households.

Return to health data footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

Population living within a Census Metropolitan Area, a Census Agglomeration or a strong Census Metropolitan Area and Census Agglomeration Influenced Zone.

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

Strong census metropolitan area and census agglomeration influenced zones (MIZ) is the population or the proportion of the population living in census metropolitan areas (CMA), census agglomerations (CA) and communities that fall outside CMA and/or CA that have at least 30% of the employed labour force commuting to CMA and/or CA. The Statistical Area Classification (SAC) groups census subdivisions according to whether they are a component of a census metropolitan area, a census agglomeration, a census metropolitan area and census agglomeration influenced zone (strong MIZ, moderate MIZ, weak MIZ or no MIZ), or the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut). Commuting flows are based on the 2006 Census place of work file.

A census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) is formed by one or more adjacent municipalities centred on a population centre (known as the core). A CMA must have a total population of at least 100,000 of which 50,000 or more must live in the core. A CA must have a core population of at least 10,000. To be included in the CMA or CA, other adjacent municipalities must have a high degree of integration with the core, as measured by commuting flows derived from previous census place of work data.

Return to health data footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Lone-parent families

Source : 2011 Census, Statistics Canada.
Related data: Not applicable

Census family refers to a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child.

Return to health data footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Visible minority population

Source : 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada.
Global non-response rates (GNR): Hamilton (CMA) = 26.7%, Canada = 26.1%
Related data: Not applicable

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Visible minority is reported for the population in private households.

Return to health data footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Contact with a medical doctor in the past 12 months

Source : Canadian Community Health Survey, Statistics Canada, 2011/2012.
CANSIM table no(s).: 105-0502, 105-0592

Population aged 12 and over who reported having consulted with a medical doctor in the past 12 months.

Medical doctor includes family or general practitioners as well as specialists such as surgeons, allergists, orthopaedists, gynaecologists or psychiatrists. For population aged 12 to 17, includes pediatricians.

Return to health data footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Coronary artery bypass graft

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Coronary artery bypass graft surgery rate

Age-standardized rate of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery performed on inpatients in acute care hospitals per 100,000 population age 20 and over.

As with other types of surgical procedures, variations in CABG surgery rates can be attributed to numerous factors, including differences in population demographics, physician practice patterns, and availability of services. In cases amenable to treatment with less invasive procedures percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), an alternative intervention to improve blood flow to the heart muscle, may be used. Variations in the extent to which PCI is utilized may result in variations the rate of in bypass surgery.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Percutaneous coronary intervention

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS), CIHI; Alberta Ambulatory Care Database, Alberta Health and Wellness, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Percutaneous coronary intervention rate

Age-standardized rate of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) performed on patients in acute care hospitals, same day surgery facilities or catheterization laboratories, per 100,000 population age 20 years and over.

In many cases, PCI serves as a non-surgical alternative to coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is undertaken for the purpose of opening obstructed coronary arteries. While PCI encompasses several techniques, angioplasty is the procedure most frequently provided. The choice of revascularization mode (that is, PCI or CABG) depends on numerous factors including severity of coronary artery disease, physician preferences, availability of services, referral patterns, as well as differences in population health and socio-economic status.

Rates for Quebec are not available due to differences in data collection. Canada rate does not include Quebec.
Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Cardiac revascularization

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS), CIHI; Alberta Ambulatory Care Database, Alberta Health and Wellness, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Cardiac revascularization rate

Age-standardized rate of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery performed on inpatients in acute care hospitals or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) performed on patients in acute care hospitals, same day surgery facilities or catheterization laboratories, per 100,000 population age 20 years and over.

The choice of revascularization mode (i.e., PCI or CABG) depends on numerous factors including severity of coronary artery disease, physician preferences, availability of services, referral patterns, as well as differences in population health and socio-economic status. The combined cardiac revascularization rate represents total activity of cardiac revascularization in a jurisdiction.

Rates for Quebec are not available due to differences in data collection. Canada rate does not include Quebec.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Hip replacement

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Hip replacement rate

Age-standardized rate of unilateral or bilateral hip replacement surgery performed on inpatients in acute care hospitals per 100,000 population age 20 years and over.

Hip replacement surgery has the potential to result in considerable improvement in functional status, pain relief, as well as other gains in health-related quality of life. Over the past two decades, rates of surgery have increased substantially. Wide inter-regional variation in the hip replacement rate may be attributable to numerous factors including the availability of services, provider practice patterns, and patient preferences.

Beginning with 2005/2006, this indicator is calculated for the population age 20 years and over and therefore is not comparable with rates reported for previous years. Rates for the previous years, calculated using the new definition, are presented to enable comparisons over time.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Knee replacement

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), National Ambulatory Care Reporting System (NACRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Knee replacement rate

Age-standardized rate of unilateral or bilateral knee replacement surgery performed on patients in acute care hospitals or same-day surgery facilities, per 100,000 population age 20 years and over.

Knee replacement surgery has the potential to result in considerable improvement in functional status, pain relief, as well as other gains in health-related quality of life. Over the past two decades, rates of surgery have increased substantially. Wide inter-regional variation in the knee replacement rate may be attributable to numerous factors including the availability of services, provider practice patterns, and patient preferences.

Beginning with 2005/2006, this indicator is calculated for the population aged 20 years and older and includes same day surgery procedures, and therefore is not comparable with rates reported for previous years. Rates for the previous years, calculated using the new definition, are presented to enable comparisons over time.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Hysterectomy

Source : DAD, NACRS, CIHI; Alberta Ambulatory Care Database, Alberta Health and Wellness; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Hysterectomy rate

Age-standardized rate for hysterectomy provided to inpatients in acute care hospitals, per 100,000 women age 20 and over.

Utilization rates may reflect the level of uncertainty about the appropriate use of this surgical procedure. The "right" level of utilization is not known.

Beginning with 2006/2007 data, hysterectomy rates include both total and sub-total hysterectomies, similar to the reporting prior to 2001/2002 data.  Sub-total hysterectomy was not uniquely identified in the Canadian Classification of Health Interventions (CCI) versions 2001 and 2003, therefore hysterectomy rates reported for 2001/2002 to 2005/2006 fiscal years included only total hysterectomies. Identification of sub-total hysterectomies became possible again with version 2006 of CCI. For jurisdictions with higher volumes of sub-total hysterectomies comparability with the previous years might be affected.

Beginning with 2005/2006 data, this indicator includes same day surgery procedures. However, due to small counts of same day surgery procedures, comparability with the previous years is not affected.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

DAD: Discharge Abstract Database

NACRS: National Ambulatory Care Reporting System

Return to health data footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Inflow/outflow ratio - Overall

Source : DAD, NACRS, CIHI; Alberta Ambulatory Care Database, Alberta Health and Wellness; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Inflow/Outflow ratio (Overall)

A ratio of the number of discharges from relevant facilities (acute care/same day surgery) within a given region divided by the number of discharges generated by residents of that region. An overall ratio is calculated for discharges associated with any diagnosis or procedure for acute care discharges only, and separately for hip replacement, knee replacement, hysterectomy, percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass surgery procedures from all relevant facilities.

This indicator reflects the balance between the quantity of hospital stays provided to both residents and non-residents by all acute care hospitals in a given region and the extent of acute care utilization by residents of that region, whether they receive care within or out of the region. A ratio less than one indicates that hospital stays utilized by residents of a region exceeded hospital care provided within that region, suggesting an outflow effect. A ratio greater than one indicates hospital stays provided by a region exceeded the quantity of stays utilized by its residents, suggesting an inflow effect. A ratio of one indicates that the volume of hospital discharges in the region is equivalent to that generated by its residents, suggesting that inflow and outflow activity, if it exists at all, is balanced.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

DAD: Discharge Abstract Database

NACRS: National Ambulatory Care Reporting System

Return to health data footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Mental illness hospitalization rate

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), Ontario Mental Health Reporting System (OMHRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec, April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Mental illness hospitalization rate

Age-standardized rate of separations from general hospitals through discharge or death following a hospitalization for a selected mental illness1, per 100,000 population.

Hospitalization rate is a partial measure of general hospital utilization. It does not include inpatients who were using hospital services but had not yet been discharged within the fiscal year of interest. This indicator may reflect differences between jurisdictions, such as the health of the population, differing health service delivery models and variations in the availability and accessibility of specialized, residential and/or ambulatory and community-based services.

Monitoring hospital service use captures only the relatively small proportion of individuals who are acutely ill and require in-hospital treatment, compared to the much larger contingent that receives (or fails to receive) outpatient or community services. For these reasons, this indicator cannot be used to estimate the prevalence of mental disorders in the general population.

While this indicator does not include data from free-standing psychiatric facilities, it is acknowledged that in some jurisdictions (for example, Alberta) direct substitution between general and psychiatric facilities exists; the extent of this practice is unknown. As such, this indicator provides a partial view of hospital utilization for mental health issues in an acute setting.

1The mental illnesses selected for this indicator are substance-related disorders; schizophrenia, delusional and non-organic psychotic disorders; mood/affective disorders; anxiety disorders; and selected disorders of adult personality and behaviour.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Mental illness patient days

Source : Discharge Abstract Database (DAD), Ontario Mental Health Reporting System (OMHRS), CIHI; Fichier des hospitalisations MED-ÉCHO, ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec; April 1, 2011 to March 31, 2012.
Related data: Mental illness patient days

Age-adjusted rate of total number of days in general hospitals for selected mental illness1, per 10,000 population.

The patient days rate is a partial measure of general hospital utilization. It does not include patients who were admitted to hospital but had not yet been discharged within the fiscal year of interest. Patient-days are influenced by the number of hospitalizations and the length of stay. For the same number of hospitalizations, the rate of patient days will increase as length of stay increases. This indicator may reflect differences between jurisdictions, such as the health of the population, differing health service delivery models and variations in the availability of and accessibility to specialized, residential and/or ambulatory and community-based health services.

While this indicator does not include data from free-standing psychiatric facilities, it is acknowledged that in some jurisdictions (for example, Alberta) direct substitution between general and psychiatric facilities exists; the extent of this practice is unknown. As such, this indicator provides a partial view of hospital utilization for mental health issues in an acute setting.

1The mental illnesses selected for this indicator are substance-related disorders; schizophrenia, delusional and non-organic psychotic disorders; mood/affective disorders; anxiety disorders; and selected disorders of adult personality and behaviour.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Doctors rate - General/family physicians

Source : Scott's Medical Database, CIHI; January 1st, 2011 to December 31, 2012.
Related data: Doctors

Physician counts include all active physicians as of December 31 of the reference year. Physicians in clinical and non-clinical practice are included. Residents and unlicensed physicians who have requested that their information not be published are excluded. Generally, specialist physicians include certificants of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) and/or the Collège des médecins du Québec (CMQ) with the exception of Saskatchewan, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Yukon, where specialists also include physicians who are licensed as specialists but who are not certified by the RCPSC or the CMQ (that is, non-certified specialists). For all other jurisdictions non-certified specialists are counted as general practitioners with the exception of the criteria just noted, all other physicians are counted as family practitioners, including certificants of the College of Family Physicians of Canada. For further information on physician count methodologies please see CIHI's reports on the “Supply, Distribution and Migration of Canadian Physicians” and “Certified and Non-Certified Specialists: Understanding the Numbers” (www.cihi.ca).

Physician-to-population rates are useful indicators and are published by a variety of agencies to support health human resource planning. However, due to differences in data collection, processing and reporting methodology, CIHI results may differ from provincial and territorial data. Readers are cautioned to avoid inferences regarding the adequacy of provider resources based on supply ratios alone.

Note: Scott's Medical Database (SMDB) information may undercount physicians due to Provincial/Territorial licensing authority data supply interruptions. SMDB data does not reflect licensing authority updates for the following jurisdictions and years: British Columbia 2004; Québec 2003; Ontario 2002; Alberta and the Yukon 2000.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Doctors rate - Specialist physicians

Source : Scott's Medical Database, CIHI; January 1st, 2011 to December 31, 2012.
Related data: Specialist physicians

Physician counts include all active physicians as of December 31 of the reference year. Physicians in clinical and non-clinical practice are included. Residents and unlicensed physicians who have requested that their information not be published are excluded. Generally, specialist physicians include certificants of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC) and/or the Collège des médecins du Québec (CMQ) with the exception of Saskatchewan, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Yukon, where specialists also include physicians who are licensed as specialists but who are not certified by the RCPSC or the CMQ (that is, non-certified specialists). For all other jurisdictions non-certified specialists are counted as general practitioners with the exception of the criteria just noted, all other physicians are counted as family practitioners, including certificants of the College of Family Physicians of Canada. For further information on physician count methodologies please see CIHI's reports on the “Supply, Distribution and Migration of Canadian Physicians” and “Certified and Non-Certified Specialists: Understanding the Numbers” (www.cihi.ca).

Physician-to-population rates are useful indicators and are published by a variety of agencies to support health human resource planning. However, due to differences in data collection, processing and reporting methodology, CIHI results may differ from provincial and territorial data. Readers are cautioned to avoid inferences regarding the adequacy of provider resources based on supply ratios alone.

Note: Scott's Medical Database (SMDB) information may undercount physicians due to Provincial/Territorial licensing authority data supply interruptions. SMDB data does not reflect licensing authority updates for the following jurisdictions and years: British Columbia 2004; Québec 2003; Ontario 2002; Alberta and the Yukon 2000.

Refer to the technical notes for more details.

CIHI: Canadian Institute for Health Information

Return to health data footnote 117 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. Hamilton (Census Metropolitan Area), Ontario and Canada (table). Health Profile. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE. Ottawa. Released December 12, 2013.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/health-sante/82-228/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

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Health Profile, December 2013, 2011 Census data
Table summary
The table shows total, male, and female census data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Hamilton
(CMA)
Canada
Change geography 1 Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Age characteristics
Total population by age groupsCensus data: Footnote 1 721,050 350,650 370,400 33,476,685 16,414,225 17,062,460
0 to 4 years 38,350 19,835 18,515 1,877,095 961,150 915,945
5 to 9 years 39,540 20,330 19,210 1,809,895 925,965 883,935
10 to 14 years 42,155 21,725 20,425 1,920,355 983,995 936,360
15 to 19 years 49,130 25,345 23,785 2,178,135 1,115,845 1,062,295
15 years 9,195 4,730 4,455 423,755 216,765 206,985
16 years 9,690 5,040 4,650 432,490 222,445 210,045
17 years 9,855 4,990 4,865 434,060 223,015 211,045
18 years 10,080 5,165 4,910 439,700 225,050 214,650
19 years 10,315 5,415 4,900 448,130 228,570 219,560
20 to 24 years 47,725 24,245 23,485 2,187,450 1,108,775 1,078,670
25 to 29 years 43,780 21,655 22,125 2,169,590 1,077,275 1,092,315
30 to 34 years 42,905 20,660 22,240 2,162,905 1,058,810 1,104,095
35 to 39 years 45,065 21,700 23,365 2,173,930 1,064,200 1,109,735
40 to 44 years 50,510 24,625 25,880 2,324,875 1,141,720 1,183,155
45 to 49 years 58,415 28,610 29,805 2,675,130 1,318,715 1,356,420
50 to 54 years 56,410 27,790 28,620 2,658,965 1,309,030 1,349,940
55 to 59 years 48,450 23,270 25,175 2,340,635 1,147,300 1,193,335
60 to 64 years 43,055 20,515 22,545 2,052,670 1,002,690 1,049,985
65 to 69 years 32,725 15,595 17,130 1,521,715 738,010 783,705
70 to 74 years 26,225 12,205 14,020 1,153,065 543,435 609,630
75 to 79 years 22,240 9,785 12,450 922,700 417,945 504,755
80 to 84 years 17,860 7,340 10,515 702,070 291,085 410,985
85 years and over 16,515 5,415 11,100 645,515 208,300 437,215
Median age of the populationCensus data: Footnote 2 41.2 40.0 42.4 40.6 39.6 41.5
% of the population aged 15 and over 83.4 82.3 84.3 83.2 82.5 84.0
Marital status
Total population 15 years and over by marital statusCensus data: Footnote 3 601,010 288,760 312,250 27,869,340 13,543,130 14,326,215
Married or living with a common-law partner 340,905 170,180 170,720 16,084,490 8,045,795 8,038,700
Married (and not separated) 296,860 148,230 148,635 12,941,960 6,470,300 6,471,660
Living common law 44,040 21,950 22,085 3,142,525 1,575,495 1,567,035
Not married and not living with a common-law partner 260,105 118,580 141,530 11,784,855 5,497,335 6,287,515
Single (never legally married) 165,680 88,900 76,785 7,816,045 4,206,320 3,609,730
Separated 19,270 8,115 11,150 698,240 299,655 398,585
Divorced 36,695 14,060 22,630 1,686,035 680,415 1,005,620
Widowed 38,460 7,500 30,960 1,584,530 310,940 1,273,590
Family characteristics
Total number of census families in private householdsCensus data: Footnote 4 202,895 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,389,695 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Size of census family: 2 persons 96,195 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,679,700 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Size of census family: 3 persons 44,795 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,048,560 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Size of census family: 4 persons 43,555 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,870,305 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Size of census family: 5 or more persons 18,345 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 791,130 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of census families in private householdsCensus data: Footnote 5 202,895 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,389,700 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total couple families by family structure and number of children 167,460 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 7,861,855 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Married couples 145,485 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 6,293,950 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Without children at home 61,960 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,891,215 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
With children at home 83,525 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,402,735 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1 child 30,110 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,288,775 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2 children 37,425 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,475,220 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
3 or more children 15,985 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 638,740 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Common-law couples 21,980 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,567,910 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Without children at home 13,105 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 861,350 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
With children at home 8,880 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 706,555 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1 child 4,405 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 321,865 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2 children 3,045 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 273,620 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
3 or more children 1,430 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 111,075 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent and number of children 35,430 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,527,845 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Female parent 28,445 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,200,295 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1 child 16,545 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 710,225 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2 children 8,430 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 352,150 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
3 or more children 3,470 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 137,920 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Male parent 6,990 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 327,545 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1 child 4,590 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 216,910 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2 children 1,850 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 85,770 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
3 or more children 540 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 24,860 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total children in census families in private households 228,375 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,971,320 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Under six years of age 45,820 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,217,355 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
6 to 14 years 73,435 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,322,875 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
15 to 17 years 27,420 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,240,565 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
18 to 24 years 51,580 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,062,245 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
25 years and over 30,120 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,128,280 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average number of children at home per census family 1.1 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1.1 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total number of persons in private households 708,175 345,295 362,875 32,856,980 16,153,945 16,703,035
Number of persons not in census families 109,445 49,345 60,100 5,634,105 2,678,530 2,955,575
Living with relativesCensus data: Footnote 6 14,215 5,610 8,605 735,685 309,510 426,175
Living with non-relatives only 19,370 10,810 8,560 1,225,115 689,960 535,150
Living alone 75,865 32,930 42,930 3,673,310 1,679,055 1,994,250
Number of census family persons 598,730 295,950 302,775 27,222,870 13,475,410 13,747,460
Average number of persons per census family 3.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2.9 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of persons 65 years and over in private households 107,660 48,005 59,660 4,551,900 2,081,795 2,470,110
Number of persons not in census families aged 65 years and over 35,350 9,495 25,855 1,527,630 445,865 1,081,770
Living with relativesCensus data footnote 6 5,260 1,185 4,075 224,755 52,375 172,380
Living with non-relatives only 1,600 770 835 87,185 42,230 44,955
Living alone 28,485 7,540 20,945 1,215,695 351,260 864,435
Number of census family persons aged 65 years and over 72,315 38,505 33,805 3,024,275 1,635,935 1,388,340
Total number of private households by household typeCensus data: Footnote 7 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,320,615 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Census-family households 197,435 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,103,965 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
One-family-only householdsCensus data: Footnote 8 180,570 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 8,263,885 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Couple-family householdsCensus data: Footnote 9 152,090 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 7,070,680 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Without children 68,350 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,394,480 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
With children 83,735 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,676,200 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Lone-parent-family households 28,480 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,193,210 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Other family householdsCensus data: Footnote 10 16,860 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 840,075 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
One-family households with persons not in a census family 11,615 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 572,015 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Couple-family householdsCensus data: Footnote 11 7,720 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 389,775 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Without children 2,530 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 144,240 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
With children 5,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 245,535 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Lone-parent-family households 3,895 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 182,240 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Two-or-more-family households 5,245 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 268,065 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Non-census-family households 84,750 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,216,650 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
One-person households 75,870 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,673,305 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Two-or-more-person households 8,885 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 543,345 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwellingCensus data: Footnote 12 282,190 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,320,615 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Single-detached house 161,015 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 7,329,150 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Apartment, building that has five or more storeys 44,000 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,234,770 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Movable dwellingCensus data: Footnote 13 380 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 183,510 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Other dwellingCensus data: Footnote 14 76,785 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,573,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Semi-detached house 9,665 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 646,245 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Row house 35,795 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 791,600 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Apartment, duplex 7,310 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 704,485 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Apartment, building that has fewer than five storeys 23,480 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,397,550 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Other single-attached house 535 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 33,310 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of private households by household sizeCensus data: Footnote 15 282,190 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,320,615 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1 person 75,865 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,673,310 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2 persons 92,300 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,544,820 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
3 persons 45,025 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,081,900 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
4 persons 44,405 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,903,300 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
5 persons 16,545 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 724,405 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
6 or more persons 8,050 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 392,885 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Number of persons in private households 708,175 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 32,856,975 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average number of persons in private households 2.5 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2.5 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Detailed mother tongue
Detailed mother tongue - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data: Footnote 16 712,580 347,335 365,250 33,121,175 16,265,870 16,855,305
  Single responses  700,400 341,440 358,955 32,481,635 15,955,395 16,526,240
    English  540,870 265,275 275,595 18,858,980 9,345,225 9,513,750
    French  10,150 4,575 5,580 7,054,975 3,452,380 3,602,590
    Non-official languages  149,370 71,585 77,785 6,567,680 3,157,785 3,409,895
      Selected Aboriginal languagesCensus data: Footnote 17 55 20 35 177,360 86,870 90,490
        Atikamekw    0 0 0 5,820 2,975 2,845
        Cree, n.o.s.  10 5 5 77,900 38,055 39,845
        Dene  0 0 0 11,215 5,500 5,720
        Innu/Montagnais  0 0 0 10,785 5,205 5,580
        Inuktitut  0 0 0 33,500 16,725 16,775
        Mi'kmaq  5 5 5 7,635 3,715 3,920
        Ojibway  35 15 20 17,625 8,340 9,285
        Oji-Cree  5 0 0 9,835 4,890 4,945
        Stoney  0 0 0 3,050 1,465 1,580
Selected non-Aboriginal languagesCensus data: Footnote 18 148,255 71,075 77,180 6,312,435 3,032,860 3,279,570
        African languages, n.i.e.  240 100 135 9,125 4,920 4,205
        Afrikaans  210 95 115 8,770 4,370 4,400
        Akan (Twi)  225 110 110 12,680 6,145 6,535
        Albanian  1,230 645 585 23,820 12,205 11,610
        Amharic  225 115 110 18,020 8,745 9,275
        Arabic  7,665 4,075 3,590 327,870 175,535 152,335
        Armenian  340 170 175 29,795 14,525 15,265
        Bantu languages, n.i.e.  185 75 110 7,150 3,565 3,590
        Bengali  1,120 570 545 59,370 30,555 28,815
        Berber languages (Kabyle)  10 5 0 5,855 3,210 2,645
        Bisayan languages  195 75 115 16,240 6,185 10,055
        Bosnian  975 480 490 11,685 5,805 5,875
        Bulgarian  225 105 115 19,050 9,305 9,740
        Burmese  60 25 30 2,985 1,515 1,470
        Cantonese  1,975 930 1,040 372,460 173,510 198,955
        Chinese, n.o.s.  4,775 2,355 2,415 425,210 200,800 224,410
        Creoles  285 140 145 61,725 27,620 34,105
        Croatian  6,015 2,940 3,075 49,730 24,395 25,335
        Czech  1,575 725 845 23,585 11,350 12,230
        Danish  315 145 175 14,145 6,950 7,200
        Dutch  4,865 2,245 2,620 110,490 54,060 56,425
        Estonian  265 115 155 6,385 2,755 3,630
        Finnish  180 75 105 17,415 7,390 10,020
        Flemish  110 50 60 4,690 2,060 2,635
        Fukien  5 5 5 5,925 2,730 3,190
        German  6,630 2,920 3,710 409,200 195,415 213,785
        Greek  2,060 1,070 985 108,925 55,085 53,840
        Gujarati  1,320 675 640 91,450 45,570 45,875
        Hakka  10 5 10 5,115 2,360 2,755
        Hebrew  155 75 75 18,450 9,865 8,585
        Hindi  1,275 635 640 90,545 45,170 45,375
        Hungarian  3,700 1,715 1,980 67,920 32,740 35,180
        Ilocano  240 90 150 17,915 6,945 10,965
        Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.  145 75 70 5,255 2,860 2,395
        Italian  19,030 9,360 9,670 407,485 201,985 205,510
        Japanese  405 140 265 39,985 14,035 25,955
        Khmer (Cambodian)  940 460 480 19,440 9,095 10,345
        Korean  2,105 980 1,120 137,925 64,090 73,835
        Kurdish  1,020 525 495 9,805 5,350 4,445
        Lao  380 185 190 12,970 6,375 6,590
        Latvian  465 190 275 6,200 2,700 3,505
        Lingala  30 10 20 3,085 1,440 1,645
        Lithuanian  650 255 390 7,245 3,080 4,165
        Macedonian  640 320 320 17,245 8,405 8,840
        Malay  145 55 90 10,910 4,845 6,060
        Malayalam  535 270 255 16,080 8,200 7,875
        Maltese  185 85 105 6,220 3,125 3,100
        Mandarin  2,210 1,050 1,165 248,705 116,480 132,225
        Marathi  110 60 45 5,830 3,030 2,805
        Nepali  65 25 40 8,480 4,350 4,135
        Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.  145 75 65 14,075 7,385 6,685
        Norwegian  50 15 35 5,800 2,745 3,055
        Oromo  60 30 30 11,140 6,075 5,060
        Panjabi (Punjabi)  5,680 2,865 2,815 430,705 217,015 213,685
        Pashto  250 140 110 12,465 6,470 5,990
        Persian (Farsi)  2,735 1,390 1,345 170,045 86,810 83,235
        Polish  10,235 4,605 5,630 191,645 87,905 103,745
        Portuguese  8,760 4,385 4,375 211,335 102,320 109,015
        Romanian  2,300 1,100 1,200 90,300 43,475 46,820
        Rundi (Kirundi)  55 25 30 3,975 1,875 2,100
        Russian  2,030 910 1,115 164,330 75,275 89,050
        Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)  55 20 35 3,895 1,710 2,185
        Semitic languages, n.i.e.  1,760 865 890 16,970 8,395 8,575
        Serbian  6,380 3,210 3,165 56,420 28,125 28,290
        Serbo-Croatian  525 255 265 10,155 4,940 5,215
        Shanghainese  10 10 0 2,920 1,230 1,695
        Sign languages, n.i.e.  90 45 50 3,815 2,050 1,760
        Sindhi  130 65 65 11,330 5,290 6,040
        Sinhala (Sinhalese)  285 135 145 14,185 7,070 7,110
        Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.  255 135 125 4,360 2,225 2,135
        Slavic languages, n.i.e.  185 95 95 3,630 1,850 1,785
        Slovak  800 330 460 17,580 8,045 9,540
        Slovenian  805 385 420 10,775 5,015 5,760
        Somali  795 355 440 31,380 14,260 17,120
        Spanish  9,455 4,450 5,005 410,670 199,110 211,565
        Swahili  280 115 160 10,090 5,050 5,045
        Swedish  130 65 65 7,350 3,170 4,175
        Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)  4,560 1,735 2,825 327,445 131,405 196,045
        Taiwanese  65 30 35 9,635 4,450 5,185
        Tamil  480 235 240 131,265 65,145 66,120
        Telugu  110 60 50 9,315 4,910 4,405
        Thai  170 80 90 7,935 2,505 5,425
        Tibetan languages  0 5 0 4,640 2,365 2,270
        Tigrigna  115 50 60 10,220 4,990 5,230
        Turkish  830 425 400 29,640 15,865 13,775
        Ukrainian  2,825 1,200 1,625 111,540 49,570 61,975
        Urdu  3,785 1,910 1,875 172,800 88,295 84,500
        Vietnamese  3,275 1,590 1,690 144,880 68,255 76,625
        Yiddish  85 40 40 15,205 7,400 7,805
      Other languagesCensus data: Footnote 19 1,065 495 565 77,890 38,055 39,835
  Multiple responses          12,180 5,890 6,290 639,540 310,480 329,060
    English and French  1,545 705 840 144,685 69,975 74,710
    English and non-official language  9,670 4,725 4,945 396,330 192,000 204,330
    French and non-official language  735 355 380 74,430 36,535 37,890
    English, French and non-official language 230 105 130 24,095 11,965 12,130
Knowledge of official languages
Knowledge of official languages - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 16 712,580 347,330 365,250 33,121,175 16,265,870 16,855,305
  English only 656,790 323,870 332,920 22,564,665 11,222,185 11,342,485
  French only 475 220 255 4,165,015 1,925,340 2,239,680
  English and French 45,060 19,205 25,855 5,795,570 2,876,560 2,919,005
  Neither English nor French 10,250 4,040 6,210 595,920 241,790 354,135
First official language spoken
First official language spoken - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 16 712,580 347,335 365,245 33,121,175 16,265,875 16,855,300
  English 690,030 337,660 352,365 24,662,900 12,172,545 12,490,350
  French 9,945 4,500 5,440 7,507,890 3,671,815 3,836,075
  English and French 2,625 1,265 1,365 367,635 186,235 181,405
  Neither English nor French 9,980 3,905 6,075 582,755 235,280 347,475
Official language minority (number)Census data: Footnote 20 11,260 5,135 6,120 7,691,705 3,764,930 3,926,770
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 20 1.6 1.5 1.7 23.2 23.1 23.3
Detailed language spoken most often at home
Detailed language spoken most often at home - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 16 712,580 347,330 365,250 33,121,175 16,265,875 16,855,300
  Single responses 688,605 335,715 352,890 31,958,800 15,701,165 16,257,640
    English 613,375 299,745 313,625 21,457,075 10,585,620 10,871,455
    French 3,350 1,505 1,850 6,827,865 3,348,235 3,479,625
    Non-official languages 71,875 34,465 37,415 3,673,865 1,767,310 1,906,555
      Selected Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 17 10 0 5 114,610 58,055 56,550
        Atikamekw   0 0 0 5,365 2,800 2,565
        Cree, n.o.s. 0 0 0 44,520 22,555 21,970
        Dene 0 0 0 7,960 4,025 3,940
        Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0 9,630 4,700 4,935
        Inuktitut 0 0 0 27,170 13,780 13,390
        Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 4,160 2,100 2,060
        Ojibway 5 0 5 6,850 3,555 3,295
        Oji-Cree 0 0 0 6,875 3,525 3,350
        Stoney 0 0 0 2,070 1,025 1,045
      Selected non-Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 18 71,430 34,235 37,195 3,531,990 1,695,585 1,836,405
        African languages, n.i.e. 230 115 120 4,130 2,085 2,045
        Afrikaans 105 50 55 4,465 2,230 2,235
        Akan (Twi) 85 35 45 6,545 2,980 3,560
        Albanian 860 435 420 13,765 6,985 6,775
        Amharic 110 50 55 10,760 5,065 5,695
        Arabic 4,695 2,370 2,325 181,790 92,840 88,950
        Armenian 120 55 65 19,140 9,035 10,105
        Bantu languages, n.i.e. 50 20 25 1,815 865 950
        Bengali 790 395 395 42,065 21,140 20,925
        Berber languages (Kabyle) 0 0 0 1,995 1,045 950
        Bisayan languages 65 35 35 5,390 2,395 2,995
        Bosnian 630 325 310 6,705 3,385 3,315
        Bulgarian 100 50 50 12,075 5,940 6,135
        Burmese 30 15 15 1,895 970 925
        Cantonese 1,275 595 680 288,620 133,355 155,265
        Chinese, n.o.s. 4,075 2,155 1,920 297,295 141,425 155,870
        Creoles 125 60 60 25,475 11,045 14,435
        Croatian 2,500 1,185 1,315 18,730 8,950 9,780
        Czech 920 440 475 7,415 3,595 3,820
        Danish 10 5 5 945 475 465
        Dutch 270 115 150 11,530 5,485 6,040
        Estonian 60 20 40 1,450 550 895
        Finnish 15 5 10 3,335 1,480 1,855
        Flemish 5 5 0 455 210 245
        Fukien 0 0 5 1,900 875 1,030
        German 810 365 445 126,375 61,350 65,030
        Greek 750 345 405 47,705 22,800 24,905
        Gujarati 775 395 375 55,725 27,220 28,505
        Hakka 0 0 0 2,050 945 1,110
        Hebrew 65 30 35 8,400 4,245 4,150
        Hindi 595 305 295 47,080 23,215 23,870
        Hungarian 1,410 655 755 22,945 10,780 12,165
        Ilocano 100 35 65 6,160 2,610 3,550
        Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 45 25 20 2,285 1,165 1,120
        Italian 6,385 2,750 3,635 139,480 61,990 77,485
        Japanese 110 40 75 18,850 8,010 10,835
        Khmer (Cambodian) 565 270 295 11,330 5,250 6,075
        Korean 1,495 730 770 104,905 49,660 55,245
        Kurdish 730 365 365 6,000 3,125 2,875
        Lao 195 95 95 6,980 3,445 3,540
        Latvian 160 60 95 1,625 715 910
        Lingala 5 0 5 880 400 485
        Lithuanian 200 75 125 2,115 915 1,205
        Macedonian 255 130 130 7,775 3,740 4,035
        Malay 105 50 50 3,940 1,935 2,005
        Malayalam 260 125 135 7,955 4,010 3,940
        Maltese 25 15 10 1,330 640 690
        Mandarin 1,645 810 835 203,275 97,960 105,320
        Marathi 40 25 15 2,800 1,450 1,345
        Nepali 40 20 20 6,320 3,215 3,105
        Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 40 20 20 3,785 1,800 1,985
        Norwegian 0 0 5 575 275 300
        Oromo 25 15 15 4,745 2,445 2,305
        Panjabi (Punjabi) 3,785 1,870 1,920 317,075 158,375 158,700
        Pashto 155 80 70 8,700 4,390 4,310
        Persian (Farsi) 1,765 840 925 118,830 58,420 60,415
        Polish 4,295 1,990 2,300 85,210 39,945 45,260
        Portuguese 3,810 1,840 1,970 97,210 46,445 50,760
        Romanian 1,205 595 610 54,460 26,580 27,880
        Rundi (Kirundi) 20 5 15 1,335 610 720
        Russian 1,235 580 655 109,735 52,320 57,420
        Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 5 0 5 1,180 540 640
        Semitic languages, n.i.e. 1,300 615 680 11,670 5,640 6,030
        Serbian 3,690 1,805 1,885 34,885 17,100 17,780
        Serbo-Croatian 245 120 120 5,040 2,465 2,580
        Shanghainese 0 0 0 1,325 610 715
        Sign languages, n.i.e. 170 95 75 6,305 3,685 2,620
        Sindhi 40 15 25 4,870 2,175 2,695
        Sinhala (Sinhalese) 120 55 65 6,850 3,410 3,440
        Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e. 225 120 110 3,525 1,795 1,730
        Slavic languages, n.i.e. 30 20 10 1,135 545 590
        Slovak 310 145 165 5,370 2,545 2,825
        Slovenian 245 110 135 2,475 1,095 1,380
        Somali 540 235 310 21,665 9,665 12,000
        Spanish 5,635 2,705 2,935 252,015 123,085 128,935
        Swahili 140 60 80 4,175 2,040 2,130
        Swedish 30 15 15 1,130 535 595
        Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) 1,990 865 1,120 161,080 71,145 89,935
        Taiwanese 40 25 15 4,830 2,315 2,515
        Tamil 265 125 135 98,940 48,355 50,590
        Telugu 70 35 35 5,205 2,675 2,530
        Thai 105 65 40 3,215 1,470 1,745
        Tibetan languages 0 0 0 3,620 1,835 1,785
        Tigrigna 50 25 30 5,975 2,845 3,130
        Turkish 465 240 220 18,705 9,510 9,190
        Ukrainian 730 300 430 25,565 11,505 14,065
        Urdu 2,395 1,175 1,215 113,785 57,100 56,680
        Vietnamese 2,375 1,145 1,225 104,960 49,550 55,410
        Yiddish 5 5 0 6,860 3,515 3,350
      Other languagesCensus data footnote 19 435 230 210 27,265 13,670 13,595
  Multiple responses         23,975 11,620 12,355 1,162,370 564,710 597,665
    English and French 950 460 490 131,205 63,475 67,730
    English and non-official language 22,310 10,830 11,480 875,135 425,370 449,765
    French and non-official language 310 155 160 109,700 53,010 56,690
    English, French and non-official language 405 170 235 46,330 22,845 23,485
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home - Total population excluding institutional residentsCensus data footnote 16 712,580 347,330 365,245 33,121,175 16,265,870 16,855,305
  None 625,340 305,925 319,415 28,418,595 13,988,140 14,430,455
  Single responses  85,550 40,600 44,950 4,554,525 2,205,595 2,348,935
    English  30,760 15,095 15,665 1,910,475 948,755 961,715
    French  6,625 2,775 3,845 678,940 318,530 360,415
    Non-official languages  48,165 22,725 25,435 1,965,110 938,305 1,026,805
      Selected Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 17 45 20 30 62,935 29,835 33,100
        Atikamekw    0 0 0 470 205 265
        Cree, n.o.s.  5 5 5 32,750 15,645 17,105
        Dene  0 0 0 3,245 1,535 1,710
        Innu/Montagnais  0 0 0 1,065 490 580
        Inuktitut  0 5 0 7,230 3,510 3,720
        Mi'kmaq  5 0 0 3,135 1,435 1,700
        Ojibway  35 15 20 10,870 5,040 5,835
        Oji-Cree  5 0 0 3,300 1,570 1,730
        Stoney  0 0 0 865 410 455
      Selected non-Aboriginal languagesCensus data footnote 18 47,505 22,445 25,060 1,857,185 887,115 970,070
        African languages, n.i.e.  105 50 55 3,625 1,930 1,695
        Afrikaans  105 50 55 4,185 2,075 2,110
        Akan (Twi)  110 55 50 6,105 3,010 3,095
        Albanian  205 105 100 6,155 3,095 3,055
        Amharic  90 45 40 5,665 2,785 2,875
        Arabic  2,360 1,275 1,090 116,375 62,625 53,755
        Armenian  105 50 60 6,690 3,270 3,420
        Bantu languages, n.i.e.  115 50 65 3,595 1,735 1,860
        Bengali  250 140 110 11,405 5,925 5,475
        Berber languages (Kabyle)  0 0 0 2,040 1,085 955
        Bisayan languages  50 20 30 4,015 1,515 2,500
        Bosnian  225 110 115 3,365 1,635 1,730
        Bulgarian  70 35 40 3,985 1,850 2,135
        Burmese  15 15 10 860 425 435
        Cantonese  585 275 315 83,955 40,200 43,755
        Chinese, n.o.s.  920 420 495 74,930 35,840 39,090
        Creoles  210 95 115 44,100 19,795 24,305
        Croatian  2,295 1,090 1,205 19,045 9,240 9,805
        Czech  335 145 190 7,540 3,415 4,120
        Danish  90 35 60 4,800 2,145 2,655
        Dutch  1,665 710 955 34,465 15,800 18,660
        Estonian  80 40 40 2,240 955 1,285
        Finnish  50 10 35 5,670 2,355 3,310
        Flemish  35 15 20 995 405 585
        Fukien  5 0 0 2,315 1,080 1,235
        German  2,365 1,015 1,350 117,070 54,490 62,585
        Greek  1,080 545 535 50,670 25,670 25,005
        Gujarati  420 215 205 25,635 12,745 12,890
        Hakka  5 0 5 1,490 685 805
        Hebrew  130 65 65 14,270 7,170 7,095
        Hindi  790 390 400 55,375 28,080 27,290
        Hungarian  1,045 475 570 19,135 8,770 10,360
        Ilocano  65 20 45 4,880 1,895 2,990
        Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.  110 60 50 1,845 980 870
        Italian  6,985 3,405 3,585 156,885 77,220 79,665
        Japanese  220 105 115 19,050 7,875 11,175
        Khmer (Cambodian)  235 115 125 5,425 2,545 2,880
        Korean  415 200 210 22,870 10,620 12,255
        Kurdish  215 115 100 2,295 1,245 1,045
        Lao  110 50 55 3,830 1,915 1,915
        Latvian  145 65 85 1,880 760 1,125
        Lingala  65 25 35 4,235 1,965 2,270
        Lithuanian  195 70 125 2,120 855 1,260
        Macedonian  215 100 115 5,950 2,890 3,060
        Malay  80 35 45 4,320 1,915 2,405
        Malayalam  215 110 105 6,110 3,085 3,020
        Maltese  85 35 55 2,405 1,110 1,300
        Mandarin  510 230 275 47,785 21,575 26,205
        Marathi  25 10 20 1,740 870 875
        Nepali  15 5 5 1,175 605 565
        Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.  135 65 70 10,610 5,245 5,365
        Norwegian  25 10 15 1,935 885 1,050
        Oromo  10 5 5 3,315 1,740 1,580
        Panjabi (Punjabi)  1,415 740 675 83,180 42,490 40,695
        Pashto  60 35 25 2,315 1,245 1,075
        Persian (Farsi)  615 345 270 32,275 17,085 15,190
        Polish  3,140 1,385 1,755 54,580 24,580 30,005
        Portuguese  3,480 1,720 1,760 77,850 37,635 40,215
        Romanian  700 320 385 20,800 9,715 11,085
        Rundi (Kirundi)  25 15 10 1,925 925 1,000
        Russian  545 245 295 38,805 17,710 21,095
        Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)  40 20 25 1,805 775 1,030
        Semitic languages, n.i.e.  310 150 160 3,685 1,850 1,835
        Serbian  1,890 955 930 14,890 7,460 7,425
        Serbo-Croatian  150 70 80 2,565 1,255 1,315
        Shanghainese  0 0 0 1,045 445 595
        Sign languages, n.i.e.  85 30 60 4,300 1,800 2,505
        Sindhi  50 25 25 4,935 2,285 2,645
        Sinhala (Sinhalese)  130 60 65 6,060 3,030 3,030
        Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.  15 10 5 465 240 225
        Slavic languages, n.i.e.  75 40 35 970 490 485
        Slovak  190 75 120 5,150 2,240 2,910
        Slovenian  220 95 120 3,415 1,515 1,900
        Somali  170 75 95 9,725 4,625 5,095
        Spanish  3,370 1,580 1,795 152,210 73,850 78,365
        Swahili  170 80 90 6,860 3,325 3,535
        Swedish  60 25 35 3,515 1,535 1,985
        Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)  1,490 520 975 107,960 40,085 67,870
        Taiwanese  15 5 10 4,065 1,915 2,145
        Tamil  155 75 80 27,625 13,960 13,665
        Telugu  30 15 15 2,550 1,365 1,190
        Thai  60 25 30 3,380 1,135 2,240
        Tibetan languages  0 0 0 595 320 280
        Tigrigna  55 25 35 3,330 1,640 1,690
        Turkish  245 120 120 7,815 4,250 3,565
        Ukrainian  850 355 495 32,740 14,290 18,450
        Urdu  940 465 475 45,580 23,440 22,145
        Vietnamese  770 370 400 32,280 15,455 16,830
        Yiddish  5 0 5 3,510 1,555 1,955
      Other languagesCensus data footnote 19 615 265 350 44,985 21,360 23,630
  Multiple responses          1,690 800 885 148,055 72,140 75,915
    English and French  190 95 100 40,280 20,290 19,995
    English and non-official language  510 260 250 49,905 24,725 25,180
    French and non-official language  980 450 535 56,385 26,370 30,010
    English, French and non-official language  10 5 5 1,485 755 730

Census data: Symbols

Census data: Symbol legend
Symbol Description
··· not applicable

Census data: Footnotes

Footnote 1

Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Refer to the Census Dictionary for more information.

Return to Census data footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Return to Census data footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to Census data footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Census family - Refers to a married couple (with or without children), a common-law couple (with or without children) or a lone parent family. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family.

Return to Census data footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Census family structure - Refers to the classification of census families into married couples (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), common-law couples (with or without children of either and/or both partners), and lone-parent families by sex of parent. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. A couple with children may be further classified as either an intact family or stepfamily, and stepfamilies may, in turn, be classified as simple or complex. Children in a census family include grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present.

Return to Census data footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Non-relatives may be present.

Return to Census data footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is, a married couple with or without children, or a couple living common-law with or without children, or a lone parent living with one or more children (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to a household in which two or more census families (with or without additional persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Family households may also be divided based on the presence of persons not in a census family.

Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family.

Return to Census data footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Refers to households that consist solely of one census family without additional persons.

Return to Census data footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to Census data footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Refers to one-census family households with additional persons and to multiple-census family households, with or without additional persons.

Return to Census data footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to Census data footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Structural type of dwelling - Characteristics that define a dwelling's structure, for example, the characteristics of a single-detached house, a semi-detached house, a row house, or an apartment or flat in a duplex. Refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to Census data footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats and railroad cars.

Return to Census data footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

The category 'Other dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to Census data footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Household, private - Person or group of persons occupying the same dwelling. Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada.

Household size - Number of persons occupying a private dwelling. Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household.

Return to Census data footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

The population excluding institutional residents includes Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants (permanent residents) excluding those who live in institutions (institutional collective dwellings). Canadian citizens and landed immigrants either: (1) have a usual place of residence in Canada; (2) are abroad either on a military base or attached to a diplomatic mission; or (3) are at sea or in port aboard merchant vessels under Canadian registry or Canadian government vessels. Since 1991, the target population also includes persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who are claiming refugee status, who hold study permits, or who hold work permits, as well as family members living with them; for census purposes, this group is referred to as non-permanent residents. The population universe does not include foreign residents.

Return to Census data footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to Census data footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to Census data footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix D in the 2011 Census Dictionary.

Return to Census data footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

English is the first official language spoken by Quebec's official language minority, which consists of all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. French is the first official language spoken by the official language minority in the country overall and in every province and territory outside Quebec, which consists of all individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to Census data footnote 20 referrer

Source: 2011 Census.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. Hamilton (Census Metropolitan Area), Ontario and Canada (table). Health Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE. Ottawa. Released December 12, 2013.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/health-sante/82-228/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

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Health Profile, December 2013, 2011 National Household Survey data
Table summary
The table shows total, male, and female National Household Survey data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic Hamilton
(CMA)
Canada
[Global non-response rate (GNR) = 26.7%] [Global non-response rate (GNR) = 26.1%]
Change geography 1 Change geography 2
Total Male Female Total Male Female
Citizenship
Total population in private households by citizenshipNational Household Survey data footnote 1 708,175 345,835 362,340 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
Canadian citizens 673,910 329,765 344,150 30,895,310 15,232,595 15,662,710
Canadian citizens aged under 18 142,825 73,685 69,140 6,576,425 3,381,280 3,195,140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 531,090 256,080 275,010 24,318,885 11,851,320 12,467,565
Not Canadian citizensNational Household Survey data footnote 2 34,265 16,070 18,195 1,957,015 930,520 1,026,495
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigrationNational Household Survey data footnote 3 708,170 345,835 362,340 32,852,320 16,163,110 16,689,210
Non-immigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 4 535,790 263,400 272,385 25,720,175 12,753,235 12,966,935
ImmigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 5 166,755 79,550 87,200 6,775,765 3,231,370 3,544,400
Before 1971 53,400 24,955 28,445 1,261,055 605,430 655,625
1971 to 1980 22,395 11,225 11,170 870,775 416,670 454,105
1981 to 1990 23,230 11,170 12,065 949,890 454,570 495,325
1991 to 2000 31,335 15,190 16,145 1,539,050 724,905 814,145
2001 to 2011National Household Survey data footnote 6 36,390 17,015 19,370 2,154,990 1,029,790 1,125,200
2001 to 2005 17,605 8,130 9,475 992,070 474,545 517,530
2006 to 2011National Household Survey data footnote 6 18,780 8,885 9,900 1,162,915 555,245 607,670
Non-permanent residentsNational Household Survey data footnote 7 5,630 2,875 2,755 356,385 178,515 177,870
Age at immigration
Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigrationNational Household Survey data footnote 8 166,755 79,550 87,200 6,775,765 3,231,365 3,544,400
Under 5 years 19,405 9,800 9,600 671,795 332,650 339,145
5 to 14 years 32,035 16,315 15,715 1,186,050 601,430 584,620
15 to 24 years 42,390 18,825 23,565 1,540,430 698,480 841,950
25 to 44 years 61,765 29,730 32,035 2,767,110 1,320,925 1,446,185
45 years and over 11,160 4,880 6,285 610,385 277,885 332,500
Immigrant status and selected places of birth
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birthNational Household Survey data footnote 9 708,175 345,835 362,340 32,852,320 16,163,110 16,689,210
Non-immigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 10 535,790 263,405 272,385 25,720,170 12,753,235 12,966,940
Born in province of residence 481,960 237,990 243,970 21,853,870 10,848,700 11,005,170
Born outside province of residence 53,830 25,415 28,415 3,866,305 1,904,535 1,961,770
ImmigrantsNational Household Survey data footnote 11 166,755 79,550 87,200 6,775,765 3,231,365 3,544,400
Americas 20,680 9,070 11,610 1,060,230 478,150 582,085
United States 6,195 2,515 3,685 263,475 117,035 146,440
Jamaica 2,505 1,150 1,360 126,035 52,655 73,380
Guyana 1,295 570 720 87,945 39,105 48,840
Haiti 195 80 115 80,100 34,785 45,310
Mexico 885 405 475 69,695 32,760 36,930
Trinidad and Tobago 1,370 545 825 67,205 30,150 37,055
Colombia 1,865 770 1,090 60,555 28,555 32,000
El Salvador 1,420 760 665 43,655 21,995 21,660
Peru 330 170 155 26,715 11,745 14,965
Chile 415 180 235 25,195 12,395 12,800
Other places of birth in Americas 4,205 1,920 2,290 209,665 96,975 112,690
Europe 91,595 43,965 47,630 2,127,785 1,033,830 1,093,955
United KingdomNational Household Survey data footnote 12 26,290 12,300 13,990 537,040 257,285 279,755
Italy 12,615 6,380 6,235 256,825 129,970 126,855
Germany 4,950 2,240 2,710 152,345 72,335 80,010
Poland 7,940 3,525 4,415 152,290 68,855 83,435
Portugal 6,725 3,420 3,310 138,520 67,895 70,625
Netherlands 4,465 2,215 2,245 98,510 50,200 48,315
France 705 365 335 90,440 46,900 43,540
Romania 2,365 1,185 1,190 82,595 39,635 42,955
Russian Federation 840 365 475 73,030 32,945 40,080
Greece 1,435 775 655 66,475 34,090 32,385
Ukraine 1,315 560 750 65,455 29,340 36,115
Croatia 5,465 2,695 2,770 40,010 19,475 20,540
Hungary 1,710 840 865 38,985 19,190 19,790
Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,355 1,735 1,620 35,885 18,290 17,595
Serbia 2,295 1,090 1,200 32,600 15,780 16,820
Ireland, Republic of 1,425 690 735 28,040 13,485 14,555
Other places of birth in Europe 7,705 3,570 4,140 238,740 118,170 120,565
Africa 8,400 4,275 4,125 492,030 251,025 241,000
Morocco 185 100 80 56,275 29,560 26,715
Algeria 25 20 0 51,085 27,350 23,735
Egypt 1,400 750 655 49,935 26,630 23,305
South Africa, Republic of 1,180 600 585 40,550 20,075 20,480
Nigeria 345 180 165 27,625 14,520 13,105
Ethiopia 275 130 150 24,535 11,840 12,695
Kenya 570 270 300 24,510 11,485 13,030
Other places of birth in Africa 4,415 2,230 2,185 217,510 109,565 107,940
Asia 45,355 21,915 23,445 3,041,105 1,441,670 1,599,430
India 8,575 4,230 4,345 547,890 271,490 276,395
ChinaNational Household Survey data footnote 13 5,085 2,375 2,710 545,535 247,815 297,715
Philippines 6,395 2,680 3,720 454,340 190,120 264,220
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 760 345 415 205,430 97,005 108,420
Viet NamNational Household Survey data footnote 14 3,195 1,485 1,715 165,125 77,945 87,180
Pakistan 3,445 1,840 1,610 156,860 80,410 76,450
Sri Lanka 780 395 385 132,130 65,655 66,475
IranNational Household Survey data footnote 15 1,440 780 660 120,685 61,780 58,905
Korea, SouthNational Household Survey data footnote 16 1,805 815 990 112,400 52,815 59,585
Lebanon 1,025 485 535 81,105 43,415 37,695
Taiwan 345 180 170 66,455 30,560 35,900
Iraq 4,115 2,120 1,995 49,515 25,635 23,885
Bangladesh 690 305 390 45,320 23,410 21,915
Afghanistan 970 490 480 40,945 20,650 20,290
Japan 210 60 150 25,805 8,000 17,805
Turkey 750 390 360 25,275 13,420 11,855
Other places of birth in Asia 5,775 2,945 2,830 266,285 131,540 134,745
Oceania and otherNational Household Survey data footnote 17 720 320 405 54,625 26,690 27,935
Fiji 35 0 0 24,290 11,415 12,875
Other places of birthNational Household Survey data footnote 18 690 310 375 30,330 15,275 15,055
Non-permanent residentsNational Household Survey data footnote 19 5,630 2,880 2,750 356,385 178,510 177,870
Recent immigrants by selected place of birth
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birthNational Household Survey data footnote 20 18,775 8,880 9,895 1,162,915 555,250 607,670
Americas 3,915 1,775 2,140 188,730 90,345 98,380
United States 1,285 580 705 45,015 22,225 22,790
Mexico 405 180 225 22,310 10,740 11,570
Cuba 185 100 90 5,555 2,910 2,645
Haiti 155 65 95 19,305 8,690 10,615
Jamaica 215 125 95 9,800 4,775 5,035
Brazil 70 20 50 9,540 4,460 5,075
Colombia 930 375 555 27,555 13,255 14,300
Guyana 155 55 105 6,010 2,585 3,425
Peru 95 35 60 6,410 2,735 3,675
VenezuelaNational Household Survey data footnote 21 40 10 25 6,185 2,995 3,190
Other places of birth in Americas 375 230 140 31,045 14,980 16,065
Europe 3,840 1,835 2,010 159,750 79,565 80,180
France 65 20 45 20,380 10,745 9,640
Germany 100 30 70 10,455 5,255 5,205
Poland 160 65 95 5,365 1,995 3,375
Romania 405 190 215 13,370 6,145 7,220
MoldovaNational Household Survey data footnote 22 20 0 0 6,570 3,255 3,315
Russian Federation 185 60 125 17,100 7,680 9,415
Ukraine 215 90 120 12,385 5,465 6,925
United KingdomNational Household Survey data footnote 12 885 470 415 32,965 18,320 14,645
Other places of birth in Europe 1,810 890 920 41,160 20,710 20,450
Africa 2,275 1,190 1,090 145,725 73,470 72,250
Nigeria 225 105 120 13,035 6,695 6,345
Ethiopia 65 50 20 6,595 3,055 3,535
Mauritius 0 0 0 4,195 2,070 2,120
Somalia 300 135 170 4,315 2,040 2,270
Algeria 0 0 0 21,240 10,560 10,675
Egypt 275 160 120 11,105 5,865 5,240
Morocco 35 15 20 20,295 10,240 10,055
Tunisia 0 0 0 4,755 2,865 1,895
Cameroon 65 25 35 5,425 2,780 2,645
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the 220 110 115 5,865 2,720 3,150
South Africa, Republic of 80 55 30 5,660 2,730 2,930
Other places of birth in Africa 970 505 465 43,230 21,845 21,385
Asia 8,610 3,985 4,620 661,570 307,935 353,635
Philippines 1,630 665 965 152,270 66,980 85,285
ChinaNational Household Survey data footnote 13 845 355 495 122,090 54,290 67,800
India 1,225 590 635 121,415 60,075 61,345
Pakistan 615 305 310 35,040 16,890 18,155
IranNational Household Survey data footnote 15 350 225 125 30,295 14,865 15,425
South KoreaNational Household Survey data footnote 16 410 160 250 27,665 12,720 14,945
Sri Lanka 180 105 75 21,430 10,175 11,260
Iraq 1,230 585 645 16,915 8,365 8,550
Bangladesh 110 45 65 14,110 7,050 7,060
Lebanon 75 25 45 12,420 6,640 5,780
Viet NamNational Household Survey data footnote 14 465 240 225 11,275 4,235 7,045
Taiwan 120 65 55 9,295 4,255 5,040
Afghanistan 125 45 80 8,425 4,325 4,100
Japan 60 20 35 6,385 1,660 4,720
Turkey 175 110 60 5,855 3,110 2,745
Israel 80 50 25 5,230 2,610 2,625
Nepal 25 0 15 5,210 2,725 2,490
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 35 15 15 4,805 1,940 2,865
United Arab Emirates 75 35 35 4,800 2,440 2,355
Saudi Arabia 60 30 30 4,345 2,440 1,900
SyriaNational Household Survey data footnote 23 75 20 45 4,150 2,145 2,005
Other places of birth in Asia 670 295 375 38,140 18,005 20,140
Oceania and otherNational Household Survey data footnote 17 145 95 50 7,150 3,930 3,215
Generation status
Total population in private households by generation statusNational Household Survey data footnote 24 708,175 345,830 362,340 32,852,320 16,163,115 16,689,210
First generationNational Household Survey data footnote 25 173,940 83,220 90,720 7,217,295 3,454,225 3,763,070
Second generationNational Household Survey data footnote 26 176,690 87,775 88,910 5,702,725 2,840,860 2,861,860
Third generation or moreNational Household Survey data footnote 27 357,550 174,840 182,705 19,932,300 9,868,025 10,064,275
Visible minority population
Total population in private households by visible minority 708,170 345,835 362,340 32,852,320 16,163,110 16,689,210
Total visible minority populationNational Household Survey data footnote 28 101,605 50,000 51,605 6,264,750 3,043,010 3,221,745
South AsianNational Household Survey data footnote 29 23,765 12,050 11,715 1,567,400 790,755 776,650
Chinese 11,545 5,670 5,870 1,324,750 632,325 692,420
Black 19,065 9,575 9,485 945,665 453,005 492,660
Filipino 8,820 3,880 4,940 619,310 268,885 350,425
Latin American 9,105 4,025 5,080 381,280 186,355 194,925
Arab 8,695 4,585 4,110 380,620 203,485 177,140
Southeast AsianNational Household Survey data footnote 30 6,580 3,280 3,300 312,075 154,035 158,045
West AsianNational Household Survey data footnote 31 5,055 2,505 2,555 206,840 105,620 101,220
Korean 2,875 1,390 1,485 161,130 77,165 83,965
Japanese 1,315 695 625 87,270 38,270 48,990
Visible minority, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 32 1,710 915 795 106,475 49,770 56,705
Multiple visible minoritiesNational Household Survey data footnote 33 3,075 1,430 1,645 171,935 83,335 88,600
Not a visible minorityNational Household Survey data footnote 34 606,570 295,830 310,735 26,587,575 13,120,105 13,467,465
Ethnic origin population
Total population in private households by ethnic originsNational Household Survey data footnote 35 708,170 345,835 362,340 32,852,325 16,163,110 16,689,210
North American Aboriginal origins 19,425 9,235 10,190 1,836,035 885,675 950,360
First Nations (North American Indian) 16,470 7,910 8,560 1,369,115 658,050 711,065
Inuit 360 180 175 72,615 35,895 36,720
Métis 2,770 1,235 1,530 447,655 217,405 230,250
Other North American origins 178,920 87,890 91,030 11,070,455 5,462,685 5,607,770
Acadian 865 380 485 115,900 56,435 59,460
American 8,485 3,930 4,555 372,575 179,465 193,115
Canadian 171,945 84,650 87,290 10,563,805 5,214,090 5,349,715
New Brunswicker 25 0 0 1,895 860 1,040
Newfoundlander 505 225 280 22,035 11,580 10,460
Nova Scotian 75 65 15 2,845 1,400 1,445
Ontarian 60 0 30 3,860 1,800 2,065
Québécois 255 130 125 193,885 97,450 96,430
Other North American origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 36 55 0 45 4,050 2,010 2,040
European origins 545,000 265,395 279,605 20,157,965 9,913,150 10,244,820
British Isles origins 337,635 163,365 174,275 11,343,705 5,531,110 5,812,600
Channel Islander 105 85 15 3,325 1,740 1,590
Cornish 20 0 0 1,765 1,005 750
English 201,785 97,230 104,560 6,509,500 3,159,130 3,350,365
Irish 127,315 60,625 66,690 4,544,865 2,155,710 2,389,160
Manx 170 70 100 4,730 2,410 2,315
Scottish 144,435 69,140 75,290 4,714,965 2,284,200 2,430,770
Welsh 14,330 6,985 7,340 458,705 219,565 239,135
British Isles origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 37 20,980 9,925 11,060 576,030 275,345 300,685
French origins 61,470 28,770 32,695 5,077,215 2,476,125 2,601,090
Alsatian 70 50 20 2,700 1,280 1,420
Breton 0 0 0 14,290 7,105 7,190
French 61,405 28,720 32,685 5,065,690 2,470,555 2,595,130
Western European origins (except French origins) 109,175 52,495 56,680 4,439,950 2,179,305 2,260,650
Austrian 5,060 2,540 2,520 197,990 97,350 100,640
Belgian 2,195 1,025 1,170 176,620 87,360 89,260
Dutch 39,010 19,075 19,935 1,067,245 526,105 541,140
Flemish 195 120 70 13,840 6,880 6,970
Frisian 245 120 125 5,055 2,715 2,335
German 68,085 32,360 35,725 3,203,325 1,568,295 1,635,030
Luxembourger 30 20 0 3,790 1,915 1,875
Swiss 2,630 1,370 1,260 146,830 72,895 73,935
Western European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 38 0 0 0 2,740 1,380 1,355
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 13,995 6,740 7,255 1,164,425 562,395 602,035
Danish 3,885 1,815 2,075 203,080 98,545 104,535
Finnish 2,505 1,160 1,345 136,215 65,325 70,890
Icelandic 820 420 405 94,210 46,140 48,065
Norwegian 3,200 1,665 1,535 452,710 220,440 232,270
Swedish 3,740 1,745 2,000 341,845 160,560 181,280
Northern European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 39 580 265 320 43,070 21,650 21,415
Eastern European origins 90,585 43,135 47,450 3,142,775 1,532,520 1,610,250
Bulgarian 580 245 340 30,485 14,965 15,520
Byelorussian 210 95 110 15,565 7,240 8,320
Czech 3,695 1,720 1,975 94,805 46,650 48,150
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s. 1,520 645 870 40,030 18,980 21,055
Estonian 1,050 475 570 23,185 10,575 12,610
Hungarian 13,450 6,435 7,015 316,760 156,285 160,480
Latvian 1,375 625 745 27,355 13,310 14,040
Lithuanian 2,675 1,175 1,495 49,130 24,420 24,710
Moldovan 45 0 30 8,055 4,095 3,960
Polish 37,890 17,850 20,045 1,010,700 488,180 522,525
Romanian 6,050 2,945 3,105 204,630 99,560 105,070
Russian 7,150 3,435 3,720 550,515 264,370 286,145
Slovak 3,010 1,445 1,565 66,545 32,700 33,845
Ukrainian 25,815 12,405 13,415 1,251,170 610,890 640,275
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 40 200 95 110 11,330 5,665 5,665
Southern European origins 133,500 67,350 66,145 2,798,395 1,391,820 1,406,575
Albanian 1,280 620 660 28,270 14,520 13,745
Bosnian 2,195 1,175 1,020 22,915 11,610 11,310
Croatian 11,640 5,875 5,770 114,880 57,845 57,030
Cypriot 95 55 40 4,820 2,240 2,580
Greek 6,045 3,190 2,855 252,955 129,805 123,160
Italian 75,900 37,955 37,945 1,488,420 744,730 743,695
Kosovar 295 150 145 2,765 1,365 1,400
Macedonian 1,590 855 735 36,985 18,740 18,250
Maltese 1,810 925 880 38,780 19,555 19,230
Montenegrin 200 140 65 2,970 1,555 1,415
Portuguese 18,575 9,620 8,950 429,850 213,330 216,525
Serbian 8,425 4,210 4,215 80,320 40,660 39,655
Sicilian 595 325 265 5,980 3,130 2,845
Slovenian 2,610 1,230 1,380 37,175 18,400 18,775
Spanish 7,910 3,955 3,955 368,305 173,590 194,715
Yugoslavian, n.o.s. 2,510 1,320 1,190 48,320 23,685 24,635
Southern European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 41 60 40 15 965 450 520
Other European origins 5,620 2,865 2,755 371,710 187,060 184,650
Basque 0 0 0 5,565 2,970 2,600
Jewish 4,520 2,325 2,195 309,650 154,375 155,275
Roma (Gypsy) 295 110 185 5,255 2,495 2,760
Slavic, n.o.s. 90 45 55 4,660 2,445 2,220
Other European origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 42 720 395 325 48,765 25,990 22,770
Caribbean origins 13,320 6,565 6,750 627,590 291,640 335,945
Antiguan 85 55 30 3,630 1,925 1,705
Bahamian 40 25 15 2,505 1,395 1,110
Barbadian 965 440 525 34,340 15,660 18,680
Bermudan 210 95 120 2,765 1,290 1,475
Carib 70 0 55 3,295 1,365 1,930
Cuban 775 330 450 21,440 10,500 10,940
Dominican 265 105 155 16,715 8,055 8,660
Grenadian 340 170 170 14,890 6,605 8,280
Haitian 490 195 290 137,995 63,915 74,075
Jamaican 7,070 3,495 3,580 256,915 119,275 137,640
Kittitian/Nevisian 40 20 25 2,225 925 1,300
Martinican 0 0 0 1,415 765 655
Montserratan 0 0 0 825 440 380
Puerto Rican 25 0 20 2,340 1,170 1,175
St. Lucian 140 95 45 6,645 2,700 3,945
Trinidadian/Tobagonian 1,850 930 925 68,230 32,665 35,560
Vincentian/Grenadinian 400 245 155 14,180 6,135 8,045
West Indian, n.o.s. 895 490 405 56,650 25,820 30,835
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 43 435 225 210 21,960 10,025 11,930
Latin, Central and South American origins 12,440 5,720 6,720 544,375 264,635 279,740
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 230 115 120 16,685 7,875 8,810
Argentinian 600 270 330 16,910 8,375 8,540
Belizean 0 0 0 1,125 525 600
Bolivian 0 0 0 3,780 1,795 1,985
Brazilian 460 285 175 25,395 12,520 12,875
Chilean 580 280 300 38,135 18,835 19,305
Colombian 2,365 1,040 1,320 76,580 37,050 39,530
Costa Rican 135 35 100 5,340 2,555 2,780
Ecuadorian 180 80 100 20,115 9,640 10,475
Guatemalan 850 380 470 20,765 10,555 10,215
Guyanese 1,650 690 960 75,350 35,065 40,280
Hispanic 130 40 90 6,495 3,025 3,470
Honduran 240 65 175 8,720 4,210 4,510
Maya 150 60 90 4,695 2,425 2,270
Mexican 1,485 655 835 96,055 47,900 48,160
Nicaraguan 280 130 155 11,445 5,570 5,875
Panamanian 40 20 20 3,650 1,675 1,975
Paraguayan 0 0 0 3,425 1,775 1,650
Peruvian 475 280 200 34,385 15,855 18,530
Salvadorean 2,305 1,085 1,220 63,965 32,160 31,805
Uruguayan 105 40 70 5,500 2,760 2,735
Venezuelan 340 170 170 18,165 8,520 9,645
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 44 695 310 385 19,985 9,950 10,035
African origins 13,980 6,935 7,045 766,735 387,360 379,380
Central and West African origins 2,575 1,305 1,270 142,780 73,680 69,100
Akan 0 0 0 1,065 600 470
Angolan 80 45 35 1,925 950 975
Ashanti 0 0 0 985 505 480
Beninese 0 0 0 2,665 1,455 1,205
Burkinabe 0 0 0 1,380 710 675
Cameroonian 20 0 15 10,555 5,525 5,020
Chadian 50 30 20 1,070 560 510
Congolese 780 365 410 24,965 11,975 12,990
Gabonese 0 0 0 1,105 560 540
Gambian 0 0 0 595 335 260
Ghanaian 580 310 265 29,355 14,965 14,385
Guinean 0 0 0 4,835 2,455 2,380
Ibo 70 25 40 2,795 1,475 1,320
Ivorian 0 0 0 5,200 2,865 2,335
Liberian 120 70 50 1,695 940 755
Malian 0 0 0 2,530 1,200 1,330
Nigerian 610 275 335 31,735 16,655 15,075
Peulh 0 0 0 1,370 715 655
Senegalese 0 0 0 6,335 3,345 2,990
Sierra Leonean 60 20 35 1,820 940 875
Togolese 0 0 0 3,115 1,775 1,335
Yoruba 75 45 35 5,340 2,875 2,465
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 45 150 100 50 11,390 5,960 5,435
North African origins 3,285 1,765 1,520 252,055 132,630 119,415
Algerian 30 15 15 49,110 25,695 23,415
Berber 65 50 10 25,880 14,270 11,615
Coptic 65 30 30 3,570 1,795 1,770
Dinka 10 0 0 715 450 265
Egyptian 2,160 1,115 1,045 73,250 38,210 35,040
Libyan 235 120 115 5,510 2,965 2,550
Maure 0 0 0 1,040 605 430
Moroccan 260 135 125 71,915 36,640 35,270
Sudanese 560 300 260 16,595 8,785 7,810
Tunisian 30 30 0 15,130 8,750 6,375
North African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 46 55 45 0 2,875 1,635 1,245
Southern and East African origins 4,490 2,035 2,455 187,140 91,065 96,075
Afrikaner 45 25 15 1,945 970 975
Amhara 0 0 0 1,305 720 585
Bantu, n.o.s. 90 35 60 1,825 945 880
Burundian 120 75 45 7,395 3,755 3,640
Eritrean 30 15 0 13,430 6,535 6,895
Ethiopian 495 225 270 30,810 15,135 15,670
Harari 0 0 0 675 265 415
Kenyan 245 85 160 8,060 3,820 4,235
Malagasy 60 0 0 2,925 1,465 1,455
Mauritian 55 25 25 6,695 3,015 3,680
Oromo 25 0 25 1,825 995 835
Rwandan 95 40 55 8,100 3,795 4,310
Seychellois 0 0 0 1,035 495 540
Somali 1,260 550 700 44,995 21,330 23,665
South African 1,205 545 660 34,000 16,875 17,130
Tanzanian 155 90 65 4,065 1,975 2,090
Tigrian 0 0 0 1,005 545 455
Ugandan 120 55 70 4,535 2,205 2,335
Zambian 50 20 30 1,425 695 730
Zimbabwean 400 175 225 6,425 3,130 3,300
Zulu 65 50 15 840 470 370
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 47 245 130 115 14,510 7,200 7,310
Other African origins 3,890 1,990 1,900 199,900 97,980 101,920
Black, n.o.s.National Household Survey data footnote 48 425 240 185 25,150 11,595 13,555
Other African origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 49 3,505 1,775 1,730 177,190 87,605 89,585
Asian origins 76,630 37,960 38,670 5,011,225 2,435,540 2,575,680
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 18,905 9,765 9,145 778,470 402,825 375,640
Afghan 1,580 765 815 62,815 31,640 31,175
Arab, n.o.s. 2,030 1,165 865 94,640 52,235 42,405
Armenian 1,170 600 570 55,745 28,040 27,700
Assyrian 1,500 705 795 10,815 5,630 5,180
Azerbaijani 55 35 0 4,580 2,450 2,130
Georgian 50 0 40 3,155 1,530 1,625
Iranian 2,245 1,220 1,025 163,290 83,495 79,800
Iraqi 3,540 1,865 1,675 49,680 25,245 24,435
Israeli 275 140 135 15,015 7,330 7,685
Jordanian 385 205 185 9,425 5,050 4,370
Kazakh 85 55 25 2,265 1,095 1,175
Kurd 975 560 420 11,680 6,295 5,385
Kuwaiti 70 0 35 2,240 1,090 1,150
Lebanese 2,240 1,075 1,165 190,275 97,840 92,435
Palestinian 1,140 595 545 31,245 16,530 14,720
Pashtun 95 40 55 3,315 1,715 1,595
Saudi Arabian 140 75 65 7,955 4,680 3,275
Syrian 855 430 420 40,840 20,575 20,265
Tajik 45 0 0 2,395 1,150 1,245
Tatar 110 65 55 2,850 1,370 1,485
Turk 1,585 795 790 55,435 28,675 26,755
Uighur 15 0 0 1,155 540 615
Uzbek 0 0 0 2,720 1,305 1,420
Yemeni 100 70 25 3,945 2,080 1,865
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 50 455 260 200 16,540 9,095 7,440
South Asian origins 24,570 12,280 12,290 1,615,920 812,980 802,940
Bangladeshi 535 260 280 34,205 17,535 16,670
Bengali 265 100 155 17,960 9,220 8,740
East Indian 18,270 9,105 9,165 1,165,145 584,245 580,900
Goan 75 20 50 5,125 2,435 2,690
Gujarati 45 15 20 5,890 2,890 3,000
Kashmiri 20 0 20 2,120 1,105 1,020
Nepali 40 25 10 9,785 5,020 4,770
Pakistani 3,705 1,955 1,750 155,310 80,440 74,870
Punjabi 1,210 645 565 76,150 39,045 37,105
Sinhalese 195 105 95 7,220 3,635 3,585
Sri Lankan 865 390 475 139,415 69,625 69,795
Tamil 120 70 45 48,965 24,915 24,045
South Asian origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 51 715 320 395 53,390 26,925 26,465
East and Southeast Asian origins 33,880 16,270 17,610 2,650,000 1,236,405 1,413,595
Burmese 115 45 70 7,850 3,770 4,075
Cambodian (Khmer) 1,710 865 855 34,340 16,990 17,345
Chinese 14,785 7,280 7,500 1,487,580 708,975 778,605
Filipino 9,145 4,000 5,145 662,605 289,055 373,550
Hmong 0 0 0 830 430 400
Indonesian 510 210 300 18,125 8,655 9,475
Japanese 1,760 940 820 109,740 49,155 60,590
Korean 2,920 1,415 1,505 168,890 80,525 88,360
Laotian 575 280 300 22,090 11,070 11,020
Malaysian 155 70 90 14,165 6,490 7,680
Mongolian 120 60 65 5,350 2,605 2,750
Singaporean 20 0 0 2,045 1,000 1,050
Taiwanese 185 95 95 30,335 14,305 16,025
Thai 340 135 205 15,080 6,145 8,935
Tibetan 110 65 40 5,820 2,915 2,905
Vietnamese 4,435 2,160 2,270 220,420 107,010 113,415
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 52 135 70 60 9,040 4,410 4,635
Other Asian origins 300 150 145 20,115 10,140 9,975
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 53 300 150 145 20,115 10,140 9,975
Oceania origins 1,235 730 500 74,875 37,490 37,385
Australian 765 465 300 36,345 18,455 17,895
New Zealander 320 165 155 13,890 7,000 6,890
Pacific Islands origins 190 125 70 25,740 12,570 13,175
Fijian 20 0 0 17,815 8,730 9,085
Hawaiian 35 0 0 3,135 1,465 1,665
Maori 35 0 20 2,015 915 1,100
Polynesian, n.o.s. 0 0 0 860 445 420
Samoan 45 45 0 820 515 305
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.National Household Survey data footnote 54 45 25 0 1,550 700 850
Religion
Total population in private households by religionNational Household Survey data footnote 55 708,175 345,830 362,340 32,852,320 16,163,115 16,689,210
Buddhist 5,460 2,485 2,970 366,830 168,465 198,365
Christian 484,960 226,760 258,195 22,102,745 10,497,775 11,604,975
Anglican 53,060 23,940 29,120 1,631,845 752,945 878,900
Baptist 13,585 6,245 7,340 635,840 293,905 341,940
Catholic 237,280 112,860 124,420 12,810,705 6,167,290 6,643,415
Christian Orthodox 19,285 9,595 9,695 550,690 270,205 280,485
Lutheran 7,410 3,220 4,190 478,185 221,525 256,660
Pentecostal 10,390 4,535 5,855 478,705 217,850 260,850
Presbyterian 22,940 10,570 12,375 472,385 218,955 253,430
United Church 51,810 22,850 28,955 2,007,610 912,545 1,095,065
Other Christian 69,200 32,955 36,245 3,036,780 1,442,550 1,594,230
Hindu 6,025 3,055 2,960 497,965 250,435 247,525
Jewish 4,035 2,050 1,985 329,495 161,265 168,235
Muslim 22,520 11,645 10,875 1,053,945 540,555 513,395
Sikh 5,920 2,995 2,930 454,965 229,435 225,530
Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 460 135 320 64,935 31,805 33,135
Other religions 3,200 1,430 1,775 130,835 57,745 73,090
No religious affiliation 175,595 95,280 80,320 7,850,605 4,225,645 3,624,965
Aboriginal population
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 708,175 345,835 362,340 32,852,325 16,163,110 16,689,210
Aboriginal identityNational Household Survey data footnote 56 11,980 5,525 6,460 1,400,685 682,190 718,500
First Nations (North American Indian) single identityNational Household Survey data footnote 57 8,945 4,165 4,780 851,560 411,785 439,775
Métis single identity 2,355 1,035 1,320 451,795 223,335 228,460
Inuk (Inuit) single identity 75 0 30 59,440 29,495 29,950
Multiple Aboriginal identitiesNational Household Survey data footnote 58 250 140 110 11,415 5,525 5,890
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhereNational Household Survey data footnote 59 355 140 220 26,475 12,055 14,420
Non-Aboriginal identity 696,195 340,315 355,880 31,451,640 15,480,920 15,970,715
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian statusNational Household Survey data footnote 57 708,175 345,835 362,340 32,852,325 16,163,110 16,689,210
Registered or Treaty IndianNational Household Survey data footnote 60 4,295 1,935 2,365 697,505 337,410 360,095
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 703,875 343,900 359,975 32,154,815 15,825,700 16,329,115
Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestryNational Household Survey data footnote 61 708,175 345,835 362,340 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
Aboriginal ancestryNational Household Survey data footnote 62 19,425 9,235 10,185 1,836,035 885,675 950,360
First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestryNational Household Survey data footnote 57 16,470 7,910 8,560 1,369,115 658,055 711,065
Métis ancestry 2,770 1,240 1,535 447,655 217,400 230,250
Inuit ancestry 360 180 180 72,615 35,895 36,720
Non-Aboriginal ancestry onlyNational Household Survey data footnote 63 688,755 336,600 352,150 31,016,285 15,277,440 15,738,850
Non-official languages spoken
Total population in private households by non-official languages spokenNational Household Survey data footnote 64 177,840 85,555 92,285 8,165,495 3,923,340 4,242,155
Aboriginal languages 280 145 140 245,115 119,650 125,470
Algonquin 0 0 0 2,395 1,130 1,270
Atikamekw 0 0 0 6,205 3,255 2,950
Blackfoot 0 0 0 4,395 2,155 2,245
Cree languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 65 0 0 0 96,690 47,240 49,450
Mi'kmaq 0 0 0 8,930 4,295 4,635
Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0 11,450 5,550 5,900
Ojibway 95 75 0 25,160 11,985 13,180
Oji-Cree 0 0 0 10,180 4,990 5,195
Carrier 0 0 0 2,010 980 1,030
Dene 0 0 0 12,950 6,415 6,530
Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 2,385 1,165 1,220
Slavey, n.o.s. 0 0 0 1,815 920 900
Stoney 0 0 0 3,495 1,690 1,810
Inuktitut 0 0 0 36,945 18,450 18,500
Other Aboriginal languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 66 160 55 105 23,460 10,990 12,470
Non-Aboriginal languages 177,610 85,450 92,155 7,922,260 3,804,700 4,117,565
Italian 26,150 12,950 13,195 595,600 290,895 304,705
Portuguese 10,670 5,355 5,315 266,950 131,440 135,510
Romanian 2,715 1,385 1,325 97,180 47,160 50,020
Spanish 14,520 6,485 8,030 873,395 406,290 467,105
Dutch 6,005 2,865 3,145 135,085 65,120 69,965
Flemish 105 45 60 5,620 2,420 3,205
German 10,405 4,665 5,740 525,480 257,855 267,630
Yiddish 160 90 70 23,750 11,655 12,090
Danish 445 235 205 18,165 9,075 9,085
Norwegian 145 70 75 8,895 4,265 4,630
Swedish 345 155 190 14,005 6,195 7,805
Afrikaans 615 310 305 21,870 10,890 10,985
Gaelic languages 250 125 125 7,195 3,470 3,725
Bosnian 1,360 680 680 14,280 7,125 7,155
Bulgarian 185 85 95 20,150 10,050 10,095
Croatian 7,665 3,820 3,845 63,445 31,450 31,990
Czech 1,805 775 1,035 26,640 12,685 13,960
Macedonian 980 485 490 22,130 10,640 11,490
Polish 11,695 5,280 6,410 217,735 100,485 117,255
Russian 3,095 1,455 1,640 230,755 109,665 121,095
Serbian 7,175 3,510 3,660 65,335 32,645 32,685
Serbo-Croatian 535 310 225 11,640 5,765 5,875
Slovak 955 450 505 19,030 8,840 10,180
Slovenian 940 415 525 12,290 5,645 6,645
Ukrainian 3,150 1,365 1,790 144,260 65,090 79,175
Latvian 475 195 280 6,955 3,165 3,790
Lithuanian 715 310 405 8,360 3,905 4,455
Greek 2,755 1,520 1,235 150,620 76,470 74,150
Armenian 425 225 195 36,235 17,935 18,305
Albanian 1,385 700 680 25,675 12,960 12,715
Estonian 340 125 220 6,780 2,825 3,955
Finnish 190 70 120 18,320 7,635 10,690
Hungarian 3,480 1,590 1,890 73,695 35,320 38,375
Turkish 1,175 615 560 44,080 23,435 20,640
Berber languages (Kabyle) 0 0 0 7,430 4,105 3,330
Oromo 45 0 30 14,195 7,680 6,520
Somali 1,040 470 570 37,115 16,995 20,120
Amharic 255 130 120 24,285 11,960 12,330
Arabic 10,180 5,415 4,765 470,965 249,480 221,485
Hebrew 660 310 350 70,695 36,145 34,545
Maltese 210 105 100 7,550 3,785 3,760
Tigrigna 75 20 50 11,280 5,485 5,800
Semitic languages, n.i.e. 2,180 965 1,210 19,975 9,865 10,115
Bengali 1,205 560 650 69,490 35,910 33,585
Gujarati 2,030 1,065 965 118,950 58,755 60,195
Hindi 4,770 2,525 2,245 335,420 170,950 164,470
Konkani 60 15 35 5,785 2,770 3,010
Marathi 190 70 120 9,695 4,870 4,820
Panjabi (Punjabi) 7,875 4,055 3,825 545,730 276,725 269,005
Sindhi 215 115 100 15,525 7,210 8,315
Sinhala (Sinhalese) 455 230 225 23,965 12,340 11,630
Urdu 4,560 2,395 2,165 240,745 123,925 116,815
Nepali 50 25 20 11,450 5,905 5,550
Kurdish 1,010 585 425 11,815 6,360 5,455
Pashto 525 300 225 16,515 8,755 7,755
Persian (Farsi) 3,105 1,585 1,520 196,110 99,825 96,285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e. 340 210 135 8,615 4,390 4,220
Kannada 115 60 55 5,210 2,715 2,490
Malayalam 730 325 405 22,125 11,545 10,585
Tamil 730 365 365 179,465 89,375 90,090
Telugu 190 95 90 12,645 6,500 6,140
Japanese 820 425 395 74,690 33,185 41,505
Korean 2,545 1,220 1,330 149,035 70,450 78,590
Cantonese 2,720 1,270 1,445 472,510 221,165 251,350
Fukien 0 0 0 6,610 3,020 3,595
Hakka 0 0 0 5,345 2,385 2,965
Mandarin 2,950 1,460 1,490 378,605 176,360 202,245
Taiwanese 105 45 60 15,375 6,965 8,405
Chinese, n.o.s. 4,495 2,160 2,335 419,060 199,785 219,275
Lao 430 215 215 17,800 8,875 8,925
Thai 185 65 115 13,540 5,620 7,925
Khmer (Cambodian) 1,150 545 605 26,580 12,910 13,670
Vietnamese 4,030 1,925 2,110 192,070 91,755 100,315
Bisayan languages 240 115 125 19,690 7,880 11,810
Ilocano 220 70 145 21,880 8,465 13,410
Malay 305 115 190 20,715 9,870 10,850
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino) 6,630 2,620 4,010 491,075 200,365 290,705
Akan (Twi) 265 120 145 19,140 9,100 10,045
Lingala 205 100 105 12,185 5,705 6,475
Rundi (Kirundi) 110 55 55 5,860 2,875 2,980
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 65 0 40 5,525 2,425 3,100
Swahili 620 330 290 31,690 15,785 15,910
Bantu languages, n.i.e. 280 145 140 13,470 6,675 6,795
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e. 280 135 145 29,240 15,060 14,180
African languages, n.i.e. 270 145 125 14,135 7,660 6,480
Creoles 600 290 315 128,555 58,475 70,090
Other non-Aboriginal languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 67 2,830 1,220 1,610 133,190 62,175 71,020
Mobility
Total - Mobility status 1 year agoNational Household Survey data footnote 68 700,650 341,935 358,715 32,485,215 15,975,755 16,509,460
Non-movers 626,070 305,475 320,595 28,443,525 13,983,135 14,460,390
Movers 74,580 36,455 38,120 4,041,690 1,992,620 2,049,070
Non-migrants 45,095 22,350 22,750 2,380,370 1,173,165 1,207,205
Migrants 29,485 14,115 15,370 1,661,325 819,460 841,860
Internal migrants 24,920 11,785 13,135 1,359,105 670,370 688,735
Intraprovincial migrants 22,590 10,670 11,920 1,116,780 548,335 568,445
Interprovincial migrants 2,330 1,115 1,210 242,325 122,040 120,290
External migrants 4,560 2,330 2,235 302,215 149,085 153,130
Total - Mobility status 5 years agoNational Household Survey data footnote 69 669,945 326,045 343,905 30,978,630 15,204,700 15,773,935
Non-movers 427,875 208,980 218,895 19,010,730 9,329,115 9,681,615
Movers 242,065 117,060 125,010 11,967,905 5,875,585 6,092,320
Non-migrants 145,965 71,010 74,955 6,467,765 3,172,140 3,295,620
Migrants 96,100 46,045 50,055 5,500,140 2,703,435 2,796,700
Internal migrants 76,780 36,705 40,075 4,297,735 2,115,465 2,182,270
Intraprovincial migrants 70,010 33,595 36,420 3,442,065 1,683,045 1,759,020
Interprovincial migrants 6,765 3,110 3,660 855,670 432,415 423,250
External migrants 19,325 9,345 9,975 1,202,405 587,980 614,430
Education
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 70 588,195 283,595 304,600 27,259,525 13,295,350 13,964,175
No certificate, diploma or degree 113,535 54,620 58,920 5,485,400 2,742,875 2,742,520
High school diploma or equivalentNational Household Survey data footnote 71 159,225 76,690 82,535 6,968,935 3,305,415 3,663,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 72 315,430 152,285 163,145 14,805,190 7,247,050 7,558,135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diplomaNational Household Survey data footnote 73 46,970 31,700 15,275 2,950,685 1,928,970 1,021,715
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 126,925 54,180 72,740 4,970,020 2,118,430 2,851,595
University certificate or diploma below bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 74 22,155 10,410 11,740 1,200,130 513,235 686,890
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 119,380 55,995 63,385 5,684,360 2,686,425 2,997,935
Bachelor's degree 73,625 33,430 40,195 3,634,425 1,643,080 1,991,345
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 75 45,755 22,570 23,185 2,049,930 1,043,350 1,006,585
Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 70 385,475 186,750 198,720 18,383,920 8,984,385 9,399,535
No certificate, diploma or degree 42,115 21,805 20,310 2,330,580 1,238,845 1,091,735
High school diploma or equivalentNational Household Survey data footnote 71 94,935 46,980 47,950 4,270,665 2,049,355 2,221,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 72 248,425 117,960 130,465 11,782,685 5,696,190 6,086,495
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diplomaNational Household Survey data footnote 73 33,040 22,015 11,030 2,218,805 1,435,395 783,410
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 101,585 43,585 58,005 3,913,710 1,674,815 2,238,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 74 15,915 7,600 8,320 894,745 385,980 508,765
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 97,880 44,765 53,115 4,755,420 2,200,000 2,555,420
Bachelor's degree 59,620 26,690 32,930 3,032,220 1,358,970 1,673,260
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor levelNational Household Survey data footnote 75 38,260 18,080 20,185 1,723,195 841,035 882,165
Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011National Household Survey data footnote 76 588,190 283,595 304,600 27,259,525 13,295,355 13,964,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeNational Household Survey data footnote 77 272,760 131,310 141,455 12,454,330 6,048,300 6,406,035
Education 22,290 5,480 16,805 1,109,460 275,765 833,695
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 11,355 5,120 6,235 548,630 254,785 293,845
Humanities 18,080 7,335 10,750 821,590 326,875 494,720
Social and behavioural sciences and law 35,130 11,680 23,455 1,497,755 512,790 984,965
Business, management and public administration 65,545 26,645 38,910 3,187,570 1,188,985 1,998,590
Physical and life sciences and technologies 12,150 6,630 5,525 554,675 291,870 262,810
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 12,045 7,170 4,875 601,705 380,200 221,505
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 66,350 61,315 5,035 3,193,975 2,929,940 264,035
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 4,850 3,020 1,830 326,230 220,390 105,840
Health and related fieldsNational Household Survey data footnote 78 50,465 9,245 41,220 2,060,605 393,035 1,667,565
Personal, protective and transportation services 17,110 8,645 8,465 900,005 471,700 428,300
Other fields of studyNational Household Survey data footnote 79 45 0 45 2,990 725 2,270
Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residenceNational Household Survey data footnote 80 588,190 283,590 304,600 27,259,525 13,295,350 13,964,170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 272,760 131,305 141,450 12,454,335 6,048,300 6,406,035
With postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree 315,435 152,285 163,145 14,805,195 7,247,055 7,558,135
Location of study inside Canada 265,270 126,420 138,850 12,404,675 6,034,100 6,370,575
Same as province or territory of residence 250,695 119,245 131,445 10,920,860 5,283,600 5,637,260
Another province or territory 14,575 7,170 7,405 1,483,815 750,500 733,315
Location of study outside Canada 50,160 25,865 24,295 2,400,520 1,212,955 1,187,565
Language used most often at work
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at workNational Household Survey data footnote 81 400,510 205,225 195,285 19,133,310 9,920,580 9,212,725
Single responses 397,780 203,815 193,960 18,705,455 9,703,220 9,002,230
English 393,905 202,220 191,690 14,622,905 7,610,350 7,012,555
French 1,315 325 985 3,831,530 1,963,645 1,867,885
Non-official languages 2,560 1,275 1,285 251,015 129,225 121,790
Chinese, n.o.s. 135 65 65 45,465 24,070 21,390
Cantonese 160 75 85 36,840 18,540 18,305
Panjabi (Punjabi) 165 75 90 25,050 13,505 11,540
Mandarin 120 40 75 22,490 12,060 10,430
Spanish 215 125 85 12,880 6,640 6,240
Korean 145 80 65 11,520 6,070 5,455
German 20 0 20 10,870 6,085 4,785
Cree languagesNational Household Survey data footnote 82 0 0 0 7,945 4,100 3,840
Portuguese 335 180 150 7,855 4,925 2,920
Inuktitut 0 0 0 7,270 3,535 3,735
Other languages 1,275 630 650 62,840 29,690 33,150
Multiple responses 2,735 1,410 1,325 427,855 217,360 210,495
English and French 1,015 440 580 317,135 162,430 154,710
English and non-official language 1,645 930 715 94,100 46,725 47,375
French and non-official language 0 0 0 5,180 2,420 2,755
English, French and non-official language 75 40 35 11,440 5,785 5,655
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at workNational Household Survey data footnote 81 400,510 205,225 195,285 19,133,305 9,920,580 9,212,725
English 393,910 202,220 191,690 14,622,900 7,610,350 7,012,550
French 1,310 325 990 3,831,530 1,963,645 1,867,885
Non-official language 2,560 1,275 1,285 251,015 129,220 121,795
Aboriginal 0 0 0 23,825 11,990 11,830
Non-Aboriginal 2,560 1,275 1,290 227,195 117,235 109,960
English and French 1,015 435 580 317,135 162,425 154,710
English and non-official language 1,645 925 715 94,100 46,725 47,370
French and non-official language 0 0 0 5,180 2,420 2,760
English, French and non-official language 75 40 30 11,440 5,785 5,655
Labour force status
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force statusNational Household Survey data footnote 83 588,195 283,590 304,600 27,259,525 13,295,350 13,964,170
In the labour force 378,720 195,375 183,355 17,990,080 9,388,570 8,601,515
Employed 348,815 179,215 169,605 16,595,035 8,634,310 7,960,725
Unemployed 29,905 16,155 13,745 1,395,045 754,255 640,790
Not in the labour force 209,470 88,220 121,245 9,269,445 3,906,785 5,362,660
Participation rate 64.4 68.9 60.2 66.0 70.6 61.6
Employment rate 59.3 63.2 55.7 60.9 64.9 57.0
Unemployment rate 7.9 8.3 7.5 7.8 8.0 7.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of workerNational Household Survey data footnote 84 378,725 195,370 183,355 17,990,080 9,388,570 8,601,510
Class of worker - not applicableNational Household Survey data footnote 85 9,310 4,750 4,565 402,470 197,390 205,075
All classes of workerNational Household Survey data footnote 86 369,415 190,620 178,790 17,587,615 9,191,175 8,396,435
Employee 334,310 167,780 166,525 15,660,620 7,957,490 7,703,130
Self-employedNational Household Survey data footnote 87 35,105 22,840 12,265 1,926,990 1,233,685 693,310
Occupation
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011National Household Survey data footnote 88 378,725 195,370 183,355 17,990,080 9,388,570 8,601,515
Occupation - not applicableNational Household Survey data footnote 89 9,315 4,750 4,565 402,470 197,395 205,075
All occupationsNational Household Survey data footnote 86 369,410 190,620 178,790 17,587,610 9,191,175 8,396,440
0 Management occupations 42,190 26,515 15,675 1,963,600 1,229,460 734,140
1 Business, finance and administration occupations 59,110 17,645 41,465 2,902,045 854,190 2,047,855
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 23,220 18,505 4,720 1,237,775 966,355 271,415
3 Health occupations 26,120 5,160 20,955 1,107,200 217,520 889,675
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services 46,520 15,315 31,205 2,064,675 676,550 1,388,130
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 9,790 4,580 5,220 503,415 232,535 270,875
6 Sales and service occupations 88,890 38,315 50,575 4,068,170 1,745,705 2,322,465
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 49,740 46,725 3,015 2,537,775 2,385,615 152,165
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations 5,350 3,945 1,410 397,930 318,945 78,980
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 18,475 13,920 4,555 805,040 564,300 240,740
Industry
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007National Household Survey data footnote 90 378,720 195,370 183,355 17,990,085 9,388,570 8,601,510
Industry - not applicableNational Household Survey data footnote 89 9,315 4,750 4,565 402,470 197,395 205,075
All industriesNational Household Survey data footnote 86 369,410 190,620 178,790 17,587,615 9,191,175 8,396,440
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 3,615 2,005 1,615 437,650 307,370 130,285
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 505 385 120 261,050 211,690 49,360
22 Utilities 2,340 1,820 520 149,940 110,765 39,175
23 Construction 23,625 20,900 2,725 1,215,380 1,068,710 146,670
31-33 Manufacturing 43,475 33,030 10,450 1,619,295 1,167,680 451,615
41 Wholesale trade 18,960 13,185 5,775 733,445 494,545 238,900
44-45 Retail trade 43,700 19,090 24,610 2,031,665 933,850 1,097,820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 15,690 11,395 4,300 827,780 617,305 210,475
51 Information and cultural industries 8,130 4,535 3,595 420,830 235,875 184,955
52 Finance and insurance 18,340 7,490 10,850 767,960 296,995 470,960
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 7,225 3,730 3,495 321,895 179,090 142,805
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 24,025 13,255 10,770 1,240,850 688,625 552,225
55 Management of companies and enterprises 375 190 180 17,460 9,380 8,075
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 17,110 10,305 6,805 728,330 411,250 317,085
61 Educational services 32,970 10,440 22,530 1,301,435 424,915 876,515
62 Health care and social assistance 44,150 7,575 36,570 1,949,650 349,430 1,600,220
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 6,500 3,440 3,060 363,405 188,270 175,135
72 Accommodation and food services 22,560 9,335 13,230 1,130,750 469,990 660,760
81 Other services (except public administration) 16,750 8,085 8,660 807,800 372,940 434,865
91 Public administration 19,380 10,435 8,950 1,261,050 652,510 608,535
Work activity
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 91 378,720 195,370 183,355 17,990,080 9,388,565 8,601,515
Did not work in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 92 20,170 10,170 10,005 931,000 448,820 482,180
Worked in 2010 358,555 185,205 173,355 17,059,080 8,939,750 8,119,330
1 to 13 weeks 17,495 8,465 9,030 866,690 412,100 454,590
14 to 26 weeks 27,845 13,770 14,075 1,412,115 708,945 703,165
27 to 39 weeks 20,955 10,645 10,315 1,096,050 574,025 522,020
40 to 48 weeks 53,755 26,810 26,945 2,744,755 1,415,130 1,329,625
49 to 52 weeks 238,500 125,510 112,990 10,939,470 5,829,550 5,109,925
Average weeks worked in 2010 45.0 45.2 44.6 44.5 44.9 44.2
Full-time or part-time weeks worked
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 93 378,725 195,370 183,355 17,990,080 9,388,570 8,601,510
Did not work in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 92 20,170 10,165 10,000 931,000 448,820 482,185
Worked in 2010 358,555 185,205 173,350 17,059,080 8,939,750 8,119,330
Worked full-time in 2010 279,925 157,215 122,710 13,672,295 7,738,995 5,933,300
Worked part-time in 2010 78,625 27,990 50,640 3,386,785 1,200,755 2,186,035
Place of work status
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work statusNational Household Survey data footnote 94 348,820 179,210 169,605 16,595,035 8,634,310 7,960,725
Worked at home 21,405 11,210 10,195 1,142,640 582,150 560,490
Worked outside Canada 1,280 960 325 66,460 47,355 19,100
No fixed workplace address 35,885 25,975 9,915 1,868,245 1,400,485 467,760
Worked at usual place 290,240 141,070 149,170 13,517,690 6,604,325 6,913,370
Mode of transportation
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportationNational Household Survey data footnote 95 326,130 167,045 159,085 15,385,935 8,004,810 7,381,125
Car, truck or van - as a driver 253,690 135,180 118,510 11,393,140 6,238,835 5,154,305
Car, truck or van - as a passenger 21,710 9,530 12,180 867,050 349,530 517,520
Public transit 30,245 12,775 17,465 1,851,525 788,290 1,063,235
Walked 14,795 5,965 8,835 880,815 387,580 493,230
Bicycle 2,430 1,895 530 201,780 135,840 65,940
Other methods 3,260 1,695 1,565 191,625 104,725 86,900
Median commuting duration
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting durationNational Household Survey data footnote 96 326,130 167,045 159,085 15,385,940 8,004,810 7,381,130
Median commuting duration 20.7 25.0 20.3 20.5 20.7 20.2
Time leaving for work
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for workNational Household Survey data footnote 97 326,130 167,045 159,085 15,385,940 8,004,810 7,381,130
Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 83,740 56,550 27,190 3,763,245 2,494,975 1,268,265
Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 176,460 77,335 99,120 8,589,130 3,994,550 4,594,585
Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 65,935 33,160 32,775 3,033,565 1,515,285 1,518,280
Occupied private dwelling characteristics
Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwellingNational Household Survey data footnote 98 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 263,125 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 12,337,050 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Major repairs needed 19,060 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 982,200 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of constructionNational Household Survey data footnote 99 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,255 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1960 or before 91,980 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,273,105 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1961 to 1980 85,790 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,152,715 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1981 to 1990 37,940 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,112,110 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1991 to 2000 31,540 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,707,880 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2001 to 2005 18,800 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,031,020 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2006 to 2011National Household Survey data footnote 100 16,135 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,042,430 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of roomsNational Household Survey data footnote 101 282,190 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1 to 4 rooms 61,915 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,629,460 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
5 rooms 39,445 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,074,865 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
6 rooms 44,370 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,908,835 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
7 rooms 43,075 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,726,740 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
8 or more rooms 93,385 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,979,350 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.6 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 6.3 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedroomsNational Household Survey data footnote 102 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
0 to 1 bedroom 39,695 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,948,220 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2 bedrooms 59,425 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,334,910 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
3 bedrooms 118,025 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,740,660 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
4 or more bedrooms 65,040 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,295,465 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Household characteristics
Total number of private households by tenureNational Household Survey data footnote 103 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Owner 201,575 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,185,845 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Renter 80,610 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,078,225 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Band housing 0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 55,180 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of private households by condominium statusNational Household Survey data footnote 104 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Part of a condominium development 36,410 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,615,485 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Not part of a condominium development 245,780 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 11,703,765 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of private households by number of household maintainersNational Household Survey data footnote 105 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
1 household maintainer 165,965 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 7,981,845 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
2 household maintainers 111,065 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 5,059,390 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
3 or more household maintainers 5,160 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 278,010 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainersNational Household Survey data footnote 106 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Under 25 years 7,595 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 458,910 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
25 to 34 years 34,885 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,912,825 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
35 to 44 years 50,345 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,388,765 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
45 to 54 years 65,200 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,023,350 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
55 to 64 years 52,810 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,560,680 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
65 to 74 years 35,575 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,620,080 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
75 years and over 35,785 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,354,635 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of private households by number of persons per roomNational Household Survey data footnote 107 282,190 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,255 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
One person or fewer per room 278,420 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,049,830 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
More than one person per room 3,765 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 269,425 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Total number of private households by housing suitabilityNational Household Survey data footnote 108 282,190 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Suitable 266,070 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 12,525,660 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Not suitable 16,115 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 793,585 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Shelter costs
Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratioNational Household Survey data footnote 109 281,100 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,049,255 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 209,610 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,763,275 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 71,490 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,285,980 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 60,455 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,699,045 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Number of owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings 200,930 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,013,410 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
% of owner households with a mortgageNational Household Survey data footnote 110 58.9 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 58.6 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
% of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costsNational Household Survey data footnote 111 18.6 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 18.5 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 112 1,144 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 978 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 112 1,252 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,141 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median value of dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 113 300,274 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 280,552 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average value of dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 113 343,367 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 345,182 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Number of tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings 80,565 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,060,385 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
% of tenant households in subsidized housingNational Household Survey data footnote 114 16.7 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13.7 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costsNational Household Survey data footnote 115 42.5 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 40.1 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 116 798 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 784 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)National Household Survey data footnote 116 833 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 848 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Income of individuals in 2010
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and overNational Household Survey data footnote 117 588,195 283,595 304,600 27,259,520 13,295,350 13,964,170
Without income 29,215 12,650 16,560 1,341,015 580,700 760,320
With income 558,980 270,940 288,040 25,918,505 12,714,650 13,203,855
Under $5,000National Household Survey data footnote 118 55,775 27,205 28,570 2,574,080 1,235,710 1,338,365
$5,000 to $9,999 38,645 14,190 24,455 1,917,960 700,655 1,217,310
$10,000 to $14,999 48,775 18,590 30,190 2,393,830 911,390 1,482,440
$15,000 to $19,999 47,515 17,420 30,095 2,441,880 953,490 1,488,385
$20,000 to $29,999 78,195 32,120 46,070 3,670,020 1,588,260 2,081,760
$30,000 to $39,999 65,325 29,590 35,730 3,180,360 1,522,190 1,658,170
$40,000 to $49,999 56,505 27,650 28,855 2,603,520 1,333,510 1,270,010
$50,000 to $59,999 43,120 23,490 19,635 1,921,650 1,079,780 841,870
$60,000 to $79,999 56,135 34,475 21,665 2,437,440 1,473,145 964,300
$80,000 to $99,999 34,250 20,470 13,780 1,302,045 823,720 478,330
$100,000 and over 34,725 25,740 8,985 1,475,715 1,092,805 382,910
$100,000 to $124,999 16,250 11,480 4,770 693,580 492,905 200,680
$125,000 and over 18,480 14,260 4,215 782,135 599,905 182,230
Median income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 119 31,497 38,649 26,147 29,878 36,211 24,606
Average income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 119 42,543 51,030 34,559 40,650 48,594 33,000
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and overNational Household Survey data footnote 120 588,190 283,590 304,595 27,259,525 13,295,355 13,964,175
Without after-tax income 29,300 12,655 16,645 1,344,645 580,760 763,885
With after-tax income 558,890 270,940 287,955 25,914,880 12,714,595 13,200,285
Under $5,000National Household Survey data footnote 121 56,855 27,495 29,355 2,628,615 1,249,795 1,378,815
$5,000 to $9,999 39,575 14,225 25,350 1,960,365 707,595 1,252,770
$10,000 to $14,999 50,155 19,205 30,955 2,453,170 938,990 1,514,185
$15,000 to $19,999 51,540 18,940 32,605 2,654,470 1,050,265 1,604,205
$20,000 to $29,999 89,515 37,415 52,100 4,341,540 1,936,660 2,404,885
$30,000 to $39,999 79,320 37,325 41,990 3,790,600 1,884,990 1,905,610
$40,000 to $49,999 63,045 33,850 29,195 2,816,630 1,542,605 1,274,025
$50,000 to $59,999 42,300 25,270 17,030 1,849,630 1,099,280 750,345
$60,000 to $79,999 53,550 32,860 20,685 2,028,080 1,277,340 750,740
$80,000 to $99,999 16,920 11,775 5,140 709,185 502,455 206,730
$100,000 and over 16,120 12,580 3,545 682,605 524,615 157,985
Median after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 122 28,957 34,871 24,505 27,334 32,434 23,080
Average after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 122 35,584 41,709 29,821 33,998 39,716 28,490
Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%)National Household Survey data footnote 123 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Market income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 124 87.0 90.1 82.7 87.6 90.8 83.1
Employment income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 125 74.0 76.9 69.9 74.7 77.7 70.4
Wages and salaries (%)National Household Survey data footnote 126 69.4 71.6 66.3 70.3 72.6 66.9
Self-employment income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 127 4.6 5.2 3.6 4.4 5.0 3.5
Investment income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 128 3.7 3.6 4.0 4.6 4.5 4.8
Retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities (%)National Household Survey data footnote 129 7.6 8.2 6.9 6.7 7.1 6.1
Other money income (%)National Household Survey data footnote 130 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.8
Government transfer payments (%)National Household Survey data footnote 131 13.0 9.9 17.3 12.4 9.2 16.9
Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%)National Household Survey data footnote 132 3.9 3.3 4.6 3.5 3.0 4.1
Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%)National Household Survey data footnote 133 3.0 2.2 4.2 3.1 2.2 4.3
Employment Insurance benefits (%)National Household Survey data footnote 134 1.3 1.0 1.7 1.8 1.5 2.1
Child benefits (%)National Household Survey data footnote 135 1.3 0.1 3.0 1.5 0.1 3.5
Other income from government sources (%)National Household Survey data footnote 136 3.5 3.3 3.8 2.6 2.4 2.8
Income taxes paid as a % of total incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 137 16.4 18.3 13.7 16.4 18.3 13.7
After-tax income as a % of total incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 138 83.6 81.7 86.3 83.6 81.7 86.3
Net capital gains or losses as a % of total incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 139 1.0 1.3 0.7 1.9 2.1 1.6
Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year, full time and with employment income in 2010National Household Survey data footnote 140 203,995 114,135 89,865 9,473,490 5,318,585 4,154,905
Median employment income in 2010 ($) 52,033 58,204 45,690 47,868 53,046 42,181
Average employment income in 2010 ($) 62,323 70,000 52,572 58,129 65,400 48,820
Family income in 2010 of economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 141 199,770 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,254,165 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median family income ($) 83,218 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 76,511 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family income ($) 100,323 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 94,125 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median after-tax family income ($) 72,758 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 67,044 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average after-tax family income ($) 83,591 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 78,517 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family size 3.1 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Couple-only economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 142 69,160 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,469,550 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median family income ($) 72,044 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 68,340 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family income ($) 88,991 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 84,831 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median after-tax family income ($) 63,741 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 59,975 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average after-tax family income ($) 74,535 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 70,562 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family size 2.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Couple-with-children economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 143 93,400 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4,139,655 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median family income ($) 107,431 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 97,270 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family income ($) 123,524 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 115,282 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median after-tax family income ($) 91,663 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 83,801 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average after-tax family income ($) 101,513 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 95,284 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family size 4.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 4.0 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Lone-parent economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 144 31,210 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,335,435 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median family income ($) 48,230 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 45,163 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family income ($) 58,234 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 55,519 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median after-tax family income ($) 45,196 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 42,401 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average after-tax family income ($) 51,250 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 48,930 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average family size 2.6 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2.6 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic familiesNational Household Survey data footnote 145 95,895 43,895 51,995 4,903,505 2,362,280 2,541,225
Median total income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 146 30,247 33,335 28,339 28,018 31,348 25,351
Average total income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 146 38,990 42,786 35,786 37,225 40,675 34,019
Median after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 147 27,939 30,000 26,480 25,761 28,197 23,917
Average after-tax income ($)National Household Survey data footnote 147 33,251 35,620 31,251 31,497 33,751 29,401
Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family incomeNational Household Survey data footnote 148 708,175 345,835 362,340 32,852,325 16,163,115 16,689,210
In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 312,185 146,720 165,460 16,426,160 7,822,780 8,603,385
In bottom decile 63,165 30,215 32,940 3,285,210 1,584,875 1,700,335
In second decile 58,255 25,740 32,520 3,285,275 1,455,385 1,829,895
In third decile 59,395 27,310 32,085 3,285,180 1,558,660 1,726,520
In fourth decile 64,425 30,745 33,675 3,285,265 1,601,990 1,683,280
In fifth decile 66,945 32,710 34,235 3,285,230 1,621,875 1,663,355
In top half of the Canadian distribution 395,990 199,115 196,880 16,426,165 8,340,335 8,085,825
In sixth decile 71,155 35,250 35,910 3,285,215 1,639,560 1,645,655
In seventh decile 75,560 37,460 38,105 3,285,250 1,655,430 1,629,820
In eighth decile 81,310 40,950 40,355 3,285,235 1,668,260 1,616,975
In ninth decile 85,205 42,775 42,430 3,285,230 1,678,940 1,606,290
In top decile 82,755 42,675 40,080 3,285,235 1,698,140 1,587,090
Income of households in 2010
Household total income in 2010 of private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 149 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,255 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Under $5,000 6,240 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 361,615 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$5,000 to $9,999 4,255 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 265,090 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$10,000 to $14,999 8,865 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 447,540 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$15,000 to $19,999 12,995 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 694,405 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$20,000 to $29,999 24,625 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,193,925 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$30,000 to $39,999 24,735 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,271,675 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$40,000 to $49,999 24,590 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,206,800 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$50,000 to $59,999 22,490 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,102,120 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$60,000 to $79,999 38,245 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,865,280 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$80,000 to $99,999 32,545 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,458,240 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$100,000 to $124,999 28,130 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,260,770 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$125,000 to $149,999 19,555 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 802,555 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$150,000 and over 34,915 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,389,240 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
After-tax income of households in 2010 of private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 150 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,255 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Under $5,000 6,380 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 370,285 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$5,000 to $9,999 4,320 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 267,880 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$10,000 to $14,999 8,975 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 456,275 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$15,000 to $19,999 13,470 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 728,385 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$20,000 to $29,999 27,705 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,360,815 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$30,000 to $39,999 29,195 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,494,520 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$40,000 to $49,999 29,245 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,442,790 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$50,000 to $59,999 25,870 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,278,415 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$60,000 to $79,999 44,445 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,092,915 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$80,000 to $99,999 32,775 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,437,320 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$100,000 and over 59,805 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 2,389,655 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$100,000 to $124,999 26,565 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,088,175 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
$125,000 and over 33,240 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 1,301,475 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Household income in 2010 of private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 151 282,185 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 13,319,255 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median household total income ($) 65,851 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 61,072 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average household total income ($) 84,273 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 79,102 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median after-tax household income ($) 58,324 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 54,089 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average after-tax household income ($) 70,477 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 66,149 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
One-person private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 152 75,505 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 3,662,800 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median household total income ($) 32,363 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 30,534 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average household total income ($) 41,269 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 40,054 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median after-tax household income ($) 29,653 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 27,733 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average after-tax household income ($) 35,108 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 33,702 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Two-or-more-persons private householdsNational Household Survey data footnote 152 206,680 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 9,656,450 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median household total income ($) 83,139 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 76,437 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average household total income ($) 99,983 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 93,913 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Median after-tax household income ($) 72,769 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 67,036 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Average after-tax household income ($) 83,397 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable 78,456 Note ...: not applicable Note ...: not applicable
Income of individuals in 2010
Population in private households for income statusNational Household Survey data footnote 153 708,175 345,835 362,340 32,386,170 15,927,865 16,458,305
Less than 18 years 148,140 76,395 71,750 6,726,315 3,458,525 3,267,790
Less than 6 years 46,510 24,215 22,295 2,181,280 1,114,675 1,066,605
18 to 64 years 452,200 221,085 231,115 21,141,920 10,401,950 10,739,975
65 years and over 107,835 48,355 59,480 4,517,930 2,067,390 2,450,545
In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 94,640 43,990 50,655 4,812,120 2,219,010 2,593,110
Less than 18 years 26,000 13,600 12,405 1,162,785 597,105 565,680
Less than 6 years 9,140 5,050 4,090 394,595 201,770 192,825
18 to 64 years 60,665 27,960 32,700 3,044,390 1,415,865 1,628,525
65 years and over 7,970 2,425 5,540 604,940 206,040 398,900
Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 13.4 12.7 14.0 14.9 13.9 15.8
Less than 18 years (%) 17.6 17.8 17.3 17.3 17.3 17.3
Less than 6 years (%) 19.7 20.9 18.3 18.1 18.1 18.1
18 to 64 years (%) 13.4 12.6 14.1 14.4 13.6 15.2
65 years and over (%) 7.4 5.0 9.3 13.4 10.0 16.3

National Household Survey data: Symbols

National Household Survey data: Symbol legend
Symbol Description
··· not applicable

National Household Survey data: Footnotes

Footnote 1

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

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Footnote 2

Includes persons who are stateless.

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Footnote 3

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 4

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 5

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 6

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 7

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 8

Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

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Footnote 9

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 10

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

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Footnote 11

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 12

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 13

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

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Footnote 14

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

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Footnote 15

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 16

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 17

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 18

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 19

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 20

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

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Footnote 21

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 22

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 23

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 24

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

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Footnote 25

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 26

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 27

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 28

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 29

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

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Footnote 30

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

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Footnote 31

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

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Footnote 32

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 33

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 34

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 35

This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS.

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Footnote 36

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer,' 'Manitoban').

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Footnote 37

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 38

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 39

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 40

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 41

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 42

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 43

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Guadelupian,' 'Aruban').

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Footnote 44

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 45

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Ewe,' 'Wolof').

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Footnote 46

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 47

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 48

Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS), while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example, one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent, with a similar ancestral background, may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another, similar respondent, may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result, ethnic origin data are very fluid, and counts for certain origins, such as 'East Indian' and 'Black,' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note, however, that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status, as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely, many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS, refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.)

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Footnote 49

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 50

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 51

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bhutanese').

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Footnote 52

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian,' 'Karen').

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Footnote 53

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 54

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 55

Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination, group, body, sect, cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist, agnostic or humanist, or can provide another applicable response.

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Footnote 56

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 57

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

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Footnote 58

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 59

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 60

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 61

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey.

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Footnote 62

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

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Footnote 63

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

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Footnote 64

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

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Footnote 65

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 66

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 67

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

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Footnote 68

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 69

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 73

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

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Footnote 74

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

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Footnote 75

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

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Footnote 76

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 77

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma, or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

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Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

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Footnote 80

'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

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Footnote 81

Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

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Footnote 82

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

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Footnote 83

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011. In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 84

Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business, as well as unpaid family workers. 

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Footnote 85

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 86

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

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Footnote 87

Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 88

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011. 

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Footnote 89

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

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Footnote 90

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

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Footnote 91

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 92

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, or persons who worked in 2011 only.

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Footnote 93

Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not, on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks.

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Footnote 94

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 95

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 96

Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves, i.e., the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median, while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median.

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Footnote 97

Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work.

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Footnote 98

Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 99

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed.

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Footnote 100

Includes data up to May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 101

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements).

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Footnote 102

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 103

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling, or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement).

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Footnote 104

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 105

Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments, the reference person is identified by default.

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Footnote 106

Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity bill, and so on, for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 107

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 108

Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age, sex, and relationships among household members. An alternative variable, the number of persons per room, considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 109

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment, property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity, heat, municipal services, etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e., excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011, while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well, for some households, the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income, before income taxes and deductions, during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 110

Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 111

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment, property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity, heat, municipal services, etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e., excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011, while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well, for some households, the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income, before income taxes and deductions, during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 112

Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings, such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services, property taxes and condominium fees.

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Footnote 113

Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold.

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Footnote 114

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 115

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity, heat, municipal services, etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e., excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011, while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well, for some households, the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income, before income taxes and deductions, during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 116

Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings, such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity, heat and municipal services.

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Footnote 117

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 118

Including loss.

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Footnote 119

For population with income.

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Footnote 120

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 121

Including loss.

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Footnote 122

For population with after-tax income.

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Footnote 123

Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 124

Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries, net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

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Footnote 125

Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment.

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Footnote 126

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

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Footnote 127

Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment, or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

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Footnote 128

Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks, trust companies, cooperatives, credit unions, caisses populaires, etc., as well as interest on savings certificates, bonds and debentures, and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources, such as net rents from real estate, mortgage and loan interest received, regular income from an estate or trust fund, and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses.

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Footnote 129

Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities, including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF), a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity, a fixed-term annuity, or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants, Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund, an insurance company, etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits, lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP, or refunds of over-contributions.

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Footnote 130

Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example, severance pay and retirement allowances, alimony, child support, periodic support from other persons not in the household, income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest), non refundable scholarships, bursaries, fellowships and study grants, and artists' project grants are included.

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Footnote 131

Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources.

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Footnote 132

Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example, retirement pensions, survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits.

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Footnote 133

Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over, and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010.

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Footnote 134

Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010, before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment, sickness, maternity, paternity, adoption, work sharing, retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program.

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Footnote 135

Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB), a joint initiative of federal, provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits, child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB).

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Footnote 136

Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments, excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits, Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements, Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal programs during 2010.

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Footnote 137

Income tax paid - Refers to all federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income, after taking into account exemptions, deductions, non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others.

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Footnote 138

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010.

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Footnote 139

Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which, if sold, would result in a capital gain or loss (for example, cottages, buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size.

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Footnote 140

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

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Footnote 141

Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example, husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group, whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included, children must live in the same household as the family, without a married spouse, common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family, they may be children by birth, marriage or adoption. In an economic family, foster children are also included.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example, males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group, whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero).

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members, this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members, as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data, the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families, the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada, whether or not they reported income.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household, private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10, 2011 (e.g., temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household, private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10, 2011 (e.g., temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources, including employment income, income from government programs, pension income, investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves. That is, the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group, whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example, two person households) by the number of households in that specific group, whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household, private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10, 2011 (e.g., temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey, the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure, the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale, the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS), low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns, direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys, administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However, analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e., for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information, refer to the Income Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Return to National Household Survey data footnote 153 referrer

Source: 2011 National Household Survey.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. Hamilton (Census Metropolitan Area), Ontario and Canada (table). Health Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE. Ottawa. Released December 12, 2013.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/health-sante/82-228/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed March 28, 2024).

Geographic hierarchy

Census metropolitan area: Hamilton

  • Canada
    • Ontario (Province)
      • Hamilton (Census metropolitan area)
        • Burlington (City)
        • Grimsby (Town)
        • Hamilton (City)

Canada

Source

Source: Statistics Canada.

How to cite

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. Hamilton, Ontario (table). Health Profile. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 82-228-XWE. Ottawa. Released December 12, 2013.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/health-sante/82-228/index.cfm?Lang=E
(accessed March 28, 2024).

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