Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Ajax, T
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 27.6 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	109,220	106,130	1,690	370
0 to 4 years	7,320	7,125	80	0
5 to 9 years	7,300	7,180	80	30
10 to 14 years	8,060	7,890	105	60
15 to 19 years	9,030	8,880	90	55
20 to 24 years	7,415	7,335	40	15
25 to 29 years	6,545	6,460	75	0
30 to 34 years	7,390	7,185	185	0
35 to 39 years	8,110	7,865	180	40
40 to 44 years	8,640	8,460	125	35
45 to 49 years	9,890	9,605	195	60
50 to 54 years	8,855	8,685	135	0
55 to 59 years	6,435	6,230	95	0
60 to 64 years	5,050	4,825	130	0
65 to 69 years	3,250	3,020	50	0
70 to 74 years	2,320	2,125	35	0
75 to 79 years	1,775	1,595	40	0
80 to 84 years	1,015	930	25	0
85 years and over	820	740	20	0
Median age^Footnote 3	35.9	35.6	40.2	35.5
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	86,540	83,935	1,420	270
Married or living with a common-law partner	51,405	49,790	920	185
Married (and not separated)	46,040	44,565	790	185
Living common law	5,365	5,225	130	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	35,140	34,140	500	85
Single (never legally married)	25,655	25,260	265	75
Separated	2,350	2,245	55	0
Divorced	4,085	3,955	100	0
Widowed	3,045	2,680	75	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	109,220	106,130	1,690	370
Single responses	106,555	103,595	1,580	355
English	83,715	83,710	0	0
French	1,595	65	1,535	0
Non-official languages	21,240	19,815	40	355
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	18,445	17,155	45	335
Arabic	950	840	0	55
Bengali	380	360	0	0
Cantonese	590	480	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	530	490	0	0
Creoles	65	45	0	0
Dutch	170	160	0	0
German	700	700	0	0
Greek	655	640	0	0
Gujarati	550	505	0	0
Hindi	880	865	0	0
Hungarian	180	185	0	0
Italian	1,075	1,045	0	0
Korean	150	150	0	0
Mandarin	335	285	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	595	510	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,190	1,020	0	35
Polish	450	425	0	0
Portuguese	540	495	0	0
Romanian	255	220	0	30
Russian	160	135	0	0
Serbian	95	90	0	0
Spanish	955	885	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,415	2,410	0	0
Tamil	2,175	1,975	0	65
Ukrainian	65	65	0	0
Urdu	2,115	1,970	0	85
Vietnamese	225	200	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	2,795	2,660	0	20
Multiple responses	2,665	2,540	105	20
English and French	105	70	0	20
English and non-official language	2,430	2,420	0	0
French and non-official language	115	35	85	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	109,220	106,130	1,685	370
English only	100,315	100,310	0	0
French only	85	0	85	0
English and French	7,720	5,745	1,600	370
Neither English nor French	1,105	75	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	109,220	106,135	1,690	375
Single responses	104,870	101,880	1,620	350
English	93,695	93,010	685	0
French	1,045	120	925	0
Non-official languages	10,135	8,750	0	345
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	9,005	7,745	0	325
Arabic	405	295	0	55
Bengali	200	185	0	0
Cantonese	395	280	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	210	170	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	0	0
German	80	70	0	0
Greek	200	180	0	0
Gujarati	370	335	0	0
Hindi	525	505	0	0
Hungarian	50	50	0	0
Italian	115	80	0	0
Korean	75	75	0	0
Mandarin	240	190	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	295	220	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	805	630	0	35
Polish	180	170	0	0
Portuguese	140	100	0	0
Romanian	195	165	0	30
Russian	95	85	0	0
Serbian	110	110	0	0
Spanish	415	345	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	860	850	0	0
Tamil	1,520	1,325	0	65
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	1,360	1,215	0	85
Vietnamese	140	110	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	1,130	1,010	0	25
Multiple responses	4,345	4,255	70	30
English and French	65	25	20	20
English and non-official language	4,190	4,190	0	0
French and non-official language	50	0	50	0
English, French and non-official language	35	30	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	109,220	106,135	1,690	370
None	94,650	92,900	700	105
English	5,370	4,560	505	245
French	1,085	750	330	0
Non-official language	7,820	7,705	100	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,815	7,705	100	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	165	100	55	0
French and non-official language	115	115	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	27,705	25,980	345	355
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	27,700	25,970	345	355
Italian	1,505	1,465	0	0
Portuguese	735	685	0	0
Romanian	325	295	0	30
Spanish	1,590	1,485	30	0
Dutch	250	245	0	0
Flemish	15	15	0	0
German	1,085	1,075	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	30	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0
Swedish	55	50	0	0
Afrikaans	55	55	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	50	0	0
Croatian	70	65	0	0
Czech	70	70	0	0
Macedonian	490	475	0	0
Polish	565	535	0	0
Russian	195	175	15	0
Serbian	150	145	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	65	65	0	0
Slovak	60	65	0	0
Slovenian	30	35	0	0
Ukrainian	105	95	0	0
Latvian	25	25	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	995	0	0
Armenian	90	90	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	60	60	0	0
Finnish	45	45	0	0
Hungarian	260	260	0	0
Turkish	50	50	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	40	40	0	0
Somali	35	30	0	0
Amharic	75	60	0	0
Arabic	1,315	1,185	30	55
Hebrew	75	75	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	95	90	0	0
Bengali	525	505	0	0
Gujarati	905	860	0	0
Hindi	2,380	2,250	45	15
Konkani	20	15	0	0
Marathi	45	45	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,255	1,165	0	0
Sindhi	200	200	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	415	395	0	0
Urdu	3,150	3,005	0	85
Nepali	30	25	0	0
Kurdish	65	60	0	0
Pashto	170	155	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,425	1,245	0	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	65	60	0	0
Kannada	40	35	0	0
Malayalam	195	185	0	0
Tamil	2,715	2,510	0	65
Telugu	180	175	0	0
Japanese	170	145	0	0
Korean	170	170	0	0
Cantonese	645	535	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	20	20	0	0
Mandarin	470	420	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	550	510	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	25	0	0
Vietnamese	305	275	10	0
Bisayan languages	120	120	0	0
Ilocano	40	40	0	0
Malay	145	150	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	3,250	3,240	0	0
Akan (Twi)	195	190	0	0
Lingala	20	0	15	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	110	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	60	55	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	140	115	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	35	25	0	0
Creoles	315	205	100	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	395	350	25	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	107,965	104,950	1,670	365
Non-movers	97,055	94,545	1,415	305
Movers	10,910	10,400	250	65
Non-migrants	4,320	4,220	75	0
Migrants	6,590	6,185	180	65
Internal migrants	6,045	5,705	160	55
Intraprovincial migrants	5,820	5,500	140	50
Interprovincial migrants	225	200	20	0
External migrants	540	485	15	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	101,895	99,010	1,610	360
Non-movers	63,350	62,020	895	140
Movers	38,550	36,990	715	220
Non-migrants	13,420	12,980	225	45
Migrants	25,130	24,005	495	175
Internal migrants	22,580	21,655	450	160
Intraprovincial migrants	21,950	21,145	355	140
Interprovincial migrants	625	515	90	20
External migrants	2,555	2,350	45	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	109,220	106,130	1,690	375
Canadian citizens	104,100	101,370	1,630	355
Canadian citizens only	100,355	97,780	1,545	325
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,750	3,590	85	35
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	5,120	4,760	60	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	109,220	106,130	1,690	370
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	71,365	69,865	1,285	90
Born in province of residence	65,290	64,490	585	80
Born outside province of residence	6,075	5,370	705	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	37,320	35,765	400	280
Americas	12,900	12,765	95	0
United States	780	785	0	0
Jamaica	4,535	4,530	0	0
Guyana	3,065	3,065	0	0
Haiti	95	0	90	0
Mexico	30	25	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	2,290	2,290	0	0
Colombia	160	150	0	0
El Salvador	60	60	0	0
Peru	120	120	0	0
Chile	135	135	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,620	1,590	0	0
Europe	7,755	7,515	50	40
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	3,470	3,470	0	0
Italy	705	670	0	0
Germany	515	515	0	0
Poland	360	355	0	0
Portugal	420	375	0	0
Netherlands	175	170	0	0
France	40	0	30	0
Romania	285	255	0	25
Russian Federation	110	105	0	0
Greece	425	400	0	0
Ukraine	65	50	0	0
Croatia	90	90	0	0
Hungary	110	110	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	45	0	0
Serbia	50	45	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	215	215	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	665	625	0	0
Africa	1,880	1,655	200	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	300	295	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	140	140	0	0
Nigeria	115	115	0	0
Ethiopia	85	75	0	0
Kenya	165	165	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,050	860	185	0
Asia	14,535	13,605	40	220
India	2,745	2,595	0	40
China^Footnote 24	755	615	0	0
Philippines	3,365	3,355	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	345	335	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	330	285	10	0
Pakistan	2,085	1,990	0	55
Sri Lanka	2,125	1,945	0	35
Iran^Footnote 26	230	200	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	145	140	0	0
Lebanon	270	210	20	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Iraq	85	85	0	0
Bangladesh	265	255	0	0
Afghanistan	775	660	0	25
Japan	85	60	0	0
Turkey	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	905	850	0	40
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	250	220	0	0
Fiji	170	140	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	80	80	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	540	505	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	3,010	2,810	45	0
Americas	945	925	0	0
United States	145	145	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	20	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	305	305	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	30	20	0	0
Guyana	190	190	0	0
Peru	35	35	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	35	30	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	190	190	0	0
Europe	215	205	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	110	110	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	75	0	0
Africa	215	185	25	0
Nigeria	20	20	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	75	75	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	75	0	0
Asia	1,620	1,485	0	0
Philippines	385	380	0	0
China^Footnote 35	65	30	0	0
India	505	490	0	0
Pakistan	175	170	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	165	150	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	35	0	0
Lebanon	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	90	65	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	15	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	70	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	109,220	106,135	1,690	375
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	71,365	69,860	1,285	85
Immigrants^Footnote 43	37,315	35,765	395	275
Before 1971	5,770	5,635	30	0
1971 to 1980	6,635	6,475	95	0
1981 to 1990	7,155	6,900	40	45
1991 to 2000	9,500	9,070	45	120
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	8,250	7,685	185	100
2001 to 2005	5,245	4,875	135	100
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	3,010	2,810	50	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	540	505	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	109,220	106,130	1,690	375
First generation^Footnote 48	38,085	36,485	420	285
Second generation^Footnote 49	33,540	33,160	190	70
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	37,595	36,490	1,080	20
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	109,220	106,130	1,690	370
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	1,080	1,030	45	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	710	675	0	0
Métis single identity	310	295	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	15	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	15	15	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	108,145	105,100	1,645	370
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	109,220	106,135	1,690	370
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	295	290	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,925	105,840	1,685	375
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	86,540	83,930	1,420	270
In the labour force	63,065	61,565	1,085	225
Employed	57,570	56,210	1,000	185
Unemployed	5,495	5,355	85	35
Not in the labour force	23,475	22,370	340	50
Participation rate	72.9	73.4	76.4	83.3
Employment rate	66.5	67.0	70.4	68.5
Unemployment rate	8.7	8.7	7.8	15.6
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	63,065	61,565	1,085	225
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	2,125	2,090	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	60,940	59,475	1,085	210
Employee	56,350	55,055	990	165
Self-employed	4,595	4,415	90	35
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,385	1,350	10	25
Without paid help	590	585	0	0
With paid help	795	765	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	3,165	3,030	80	0
Without paid help	2,390	2,295	65	0
With paid help	770	735	0	0
Unpaid family worker	45	40	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	63,065	61,560	1,085	220
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	2,125	2,090	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	60,945	59,475	1,080	210
0 Management occupations	7,890	7,645	170	50
00 Senior management occupations	540	525	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	3,650	3,560	85	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	2,390	2,290	40	50
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,305	1,275	25	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,965	12,725	190	30
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	2,690	2,635	45	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	4,285	4,200	85	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	895	880	0	0
14 Office support occupations	3,440	3,375	40	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,660	1,640	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,045	4,875	150	20
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,955	2,825	105	15
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	2,095	2,050	40	0
3 Health occupations	3,630	3,515	100	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,380	1,325	45	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	400	390	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	1,095	1,065	30	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	760	740	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,275	6,075	155	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,830	1,765	55	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,185	1,155	30	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,755	1,720	35	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	495	475	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,010	960	20	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,615	1,580	35	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	470	455	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,145	1,120	25	0
6 Sales and service occupations	13,685	13,400	210	50
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,785	1,690	90	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,380	1,360	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	3,220	3,175	30	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	3,205	3,130	55	20
66 Sales support occupations	1,675	1,650	15	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	2,425	2,390	20	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,750	6,640	55	30
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,435	2,395	20	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,450	1,435	20	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	850	830	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,475	1,455	0	30
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	535	525	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	620	570	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	60	60	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	25	30	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	535	485	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,470	2,440	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	450	440	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	745	745	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	780	770	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	495	485	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	63,065	61,565	1,085	225
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	2,125	2,090	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	60,940	59,470	1,080	205
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	100	100	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	85	0	0
22 Utilities	1,310	1,290	0	0
23 Construction	3,425	3,395	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,040	4,925	110	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,095	2,950	140	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,695	6,595	75	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,825	2,770	20	35
51 Information and cultural industries	2,560	2,490	65	0
52 Finance and insurance	6,235	6,130	90	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,165	1,155	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,590	4,435	130	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	35	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,810	2,760	25	0
61 Educational services	3,605	3,490	100	0
62 Health care and social assistance	6,615	6,455	110	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	960	905	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,445	3,345	15	55
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,405	2,360	0	0
91 Public administration	3,910	3,810	100	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	57,570	56,205	1,000	185
Usual place of work	48,625	47,500	835	165
Work in CSD of residence	9,325	9,045	170	50
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	8,955	8,775	160	20
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	30,290	29,625	510	105
Work in a different province	60	55	0	0
Worked at home	2,785	2,670	75	0
Worked outside Canada	105	100	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,055	5,930	85	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	54,680	53,430	920	180
Car, truck or van - as a driver	40,445	39,520	695	135
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	3,355	3,280	30	0
Public transit	8,710	8,515	155	35
Walked	1,340	1,315	0	0
Bicycle	180	170	0	0
Other methods	650	625	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	64,930	63,350	1,155	210
English	64,025	62,855	885	190
French	210	75	135	0
Non-official language	255	135	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	255	135	0	0
English and French	235	90	135	15
English and non-official language	205	200	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	64,925	63,350	1,155	215
None	62,980	61,895	735	160
English	170	90	80	0
French	885	535	325	0
Non-official language	850	800	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	850	800	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	30	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	86,540	83,935	1,425	275
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,655	11,885	145	20
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	25,245	24,755	235	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	48,645	47,285	1,040	190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	5,570	5,485	60	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,980	2,915	35	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	2,590	2,570	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,050	19,605	390	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	4,955	4,760	150	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	18,070	17,435	445	110
Bachelor's degree	12,300	11,880	290	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,555	2,470	45	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	355	345	0	0
Master's degree	2,625	2,500	100	0
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	235	235	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	48,645	47,285	1,040	185
Education	2,545	2,415	85	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,870	1,825	40	0
Humanities	2,405	2,300	80	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,935	5,780	135	0
Business, management and public administration	12,475	12,105	290	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,890	1,815	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,435	2,360	60	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,630	9,455	120	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	525	505	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	6,430	6,250	140	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,515	2,470	40	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	48,645	47,290	1,040	185
Inside Canada	38,135	37,155	895	80
Newfoundland and Labrador	220	220	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	240	245	0	0
New Brunswick	125	90	35	0
Quebec	1,115	705	380	0
Ontario	35,860	35,325	470	55
Manitoba	110	110	0	0
Saskatchewan	70	75	0	0
Alberta	190	190	0	0
British Columbia	180	185	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	10,510	10,135	145	105
Total population in private households by visible minority	109,220	106,135	1,690	370
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	49,995	48,370	475	310
South Asian^Footnote 82	15,025	14,440	60	180
Chinese	2,560	2,365	0	0
Black	17,510	17,115	350	25
Filipino	4,820	4,800	0	0
Latin American	1,070	1,035	0	0
Arab	1,165	1,045	0	60
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	645	605	10	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	1,770	1,595	0	35
Korean	205	205	0	0
Japanese	305	265	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	2,790	2,780	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	2,140	2,110	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	59,225	57,765	1,215	60
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	109,220	106,130	1,690	375
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	61,960	59,820	920	280
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	47,260	46,315	765	90
Canadian - Total responses	22,550	21,790	710	30
Canadian - Single responses	8,950	8,710	220	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	13,600	13,080	485	25
English- Total responses	23,015	22,925	75	15
English - Single responses	5,070	5,070	0	0
English - Multiple responses	17,945	17,850	75	10
French - Total responses	7,260	6,360	880	25
French - Single responses	600	295	305	0
French - Multiple responses	6,655	6,070	570	15
Scottish - Total responses	17,175	17,060	105	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,045	2,045	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	15,130	15,020	105	0
Irish - Total responses	16,230	16,050	155	0
Irish - Single responses	2,155	2,155	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	14,080	13,900	155	0
German - Total responses	6,215	6,190	0	0
German - Single responses	945	945	0	0
German - Multiple responses	5,270	5,240	0	0
Italian - Total responses	5,405	5,345	20	0
Italian - Single responses	1,815	1,780	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	3,590	3,565	15	0
Chinese - Total responses	4,610	4,380	30	0
Chinese - Single responses	2,015	1,825	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	2,590	2,555	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,485	1,400	85	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	80	50	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,405	1,345	55	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,895	1,855	30	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	230	230	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,670	1,625	35	0
East Indian - Total responses	11,295	11,025	70	95
East Indian - Single responses	6,960	6,745	55	65
East Indian - Multiple responses	4,335	4,275	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	2,540	2,530	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	525	520	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	2,015	2,010	0	0
Polish- Total responses	2,575	2,515	30	25
Polish - Single responses	585	560	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,995	1,955	25	0
Filipino - Total responses	5,595	5,580	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	3,915	3,905	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	1,685	1,675	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	2,530	2,525	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	510	510	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	2,020	2,010	0	0
Russian- Total responses	515	495	0	0
Russian - Single responses	70	65	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	450	435	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,690	1,675	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	100	100	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,590	1,575	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	270	270	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	255	255	0	0
Métis - Total responses	375	325	50	0
Métis - Single responses	25	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	350	310	35	0
Portuguese - Total responses	3,645	3,570	15	0
Portuguese - Single responses	1,170	1,120	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	2,475	2,450	15	0
American - Total responses	1,135	1,135	0	0
American - Single responses	50	50	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,090	1,085	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	2,035	1,985	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	185	180	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,845	1,810	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	525	520	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	45	45	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	475	470	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	780	775	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	225	225	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	555	550	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	86,540	83,935	1,425	275
Without income	5,825	5,690	40	15
With income	80,715	78,245	1,390	255
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	9,430	9,115	120	35
$5,000 to $9,999	6,080	5,885	100	40
$10,000 to $14,999	6,340	6,025	70	0
$15,000 to $19,999	5,550	5,270	50	20
$20,000 to $29,999	8,080	7,885	80	30
$30,000 to $39,999	8,540	8,360	125	15
$40,000 to $49,999	8,265	8,060	170	15
$50,000 to $59,999	7,145	6,935	175	20
$60,000 to $79,999	9,890	9,660	195	0
$80,000 to $99,999	6,060	5,925	125	0
$100,000 and over	5,340	5,130	175	35
$100,000 to $124,999	2,820	2,755	60	0
$125,000 and over	2,515	2,380	110	25
Median income $^Footnote 96	35,981	36,113	48,871	27,526
Average income $^Footnote 97	43,541	43,513	60,820	44,415
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	86,545	83,935	1,420	275
Without after-tax income	5,850	5,715	35	20
With after-tax income	80,690	78,215	1,385	255
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	9,510	9,200	120	35
$5,000 to $9,999	6,165	5,950	100	40
$10,000 to $14,999	6,405	6,090	75	0
$15,000 to $19,999	5,995	5,705	60	20
$20,000 to $29,999	9,605	9,390	90	25
$30,000 to $39,999	10,655	10,400	190	20
$40,000 to $49,999	10,525	10,230	250	25
$50,000 to $59,999	7,570	7,375	170	0
$60,000 to $79,999	9,310	9,125	165	0
$80,000 to $99,999	2,945	2,860	75	0
$100,000 and over	1,995	1,880	90	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	32,594	32,774	41,895	24,950
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	36,376	36,373	48,031	40,415
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	86,540	83,935	1,420	270
With employment income	63,440	61,930	1,140	215
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	39,942	39,719	49,644	26,931
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	46,232	45,980	64,626	35,992
With wages and salaries	59,855	58,470	1,070	195
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	41,666	41,499	50,474	38,931
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	47,374	47,112	65,630	38,614
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	63,065	61,565	1,085	225
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	36,470	35,585	775	35
All others^Footnote 108	26,595	25,980	310	190

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.