Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Richmond, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 20.5 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,385
0 to 4 years	8,315	6,765	15	0
5 to 9 years	8,875	8,505	15	70
10 to 14 years	10,070	9,665	35	205
15 to 19 years	12,525	12,065	0	285
20 to 24 years	13,855	13,485	60	100
25 to 29 years	12,735	12,405	55	110
30 to 34 years	11,055	10,480	110	95
35 to 39 years	11,695	10,890	75	70
40 to 44 years	14,470	12,450	180	125
45 to 49 years	16,560	14,050	105	50
50 to 54 years	16,500	14,170	120	135
55 to 59 years	14,870	12,900	160	55
60 to 64 years	12,680	11,145	155	0
65 to 69 years	7,745	6,330	55	15
70 to 74 years	6,355	4,950	40	35
75 to 79 years	5,075	3,540	20	0
80 to 84 years	3,530	2,395	30	0
85 years and over	2,395	1,535	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	42.0	39.8	48.3	25.9
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	162,045	142,785	1,180	1,100
Married or living with a common-law partner	96,750	82,620	795	450
Married (and not separated)	90,870	77,060	580	450
Living common law	5,880	5,560	210	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	65,290	60,160	385	645
Single (never legally married)	46,375	44,825	225	590
Separated	3,015	2,620	0	30
Divorced	8,875	7,930	90	20
Widowed	7,025	4,785	70	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,390
Single responses	183,805	162,305	1,175	1,375
English	69,165	69,155	0	0
French	1,155	65	1,095	0
Non-official languages	113,490	93,085	75	1,375
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	104,465	85,065	60	1,295
Arabic	750	615	0	90
Bengali	125	120	0	0
Cantonese	30,635	23,980	0	220
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,930	18,675	0	150
Creoles	45	0	0	25
Dutch	490	490	0	0
German	1,680	1,670	0	0
Greek	360	350	0	0
Gujarati	870	825	0	0
Hindi	1,070	1,015	0	0
Hungarian	205	165	0	0
Italian	385	380	0	0
Korean	1,120	1,010	0	0
Mandarin	20,890	15,490	0	265
Panjabi (Punjabi)	5,615	4,965	0	55
Persian (Farsi)	1,040	915	0	45
Polish	370	360	0	0
Portuguese	290	255	0	15
Romanian	420	390	0	30
Russian	2,330	2,110	0	55
Serbian	310	260	0	0
Spanish	2,030	1,790	0	180
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	7,485	7,360	0	80
Tamil	280	270	0	0
Ukrainian	315	305	0	0
Urdu	720	675	0	0
Vietnamese	725	610	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	9,020	8,015	0	80
Multiple responses	5,500	5,410	75	10
English and French	30	15	0	0
English and non-official language	5,335	5,335	0	0
French and non-official language	110	45	60	0
English, French and non-official language	25	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,390
English only	159,835	159,840	0	0
French only	80	0	80	0
English and French	10,145	7,590	1,165	1,390
Neither English nor French	19,240	285	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,390
Single responses	176,320	154,795	1,195	1,375
English	93,405	92,640	765	0
French	455	60	390	0
Non-official languages	82,460	62,095	35	1,375
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	78,235	58,670	30	1,305
Arabic	545	420	0	85
Bengali	105	105	0	0
Cantonese	27,495	20,240	0	260
Chinese, n.o.s.	17,230	12,420	0	135
Creoles	35	0	0	25
Dutch	75	75	0	0
German	160	145	0	0
Greek	170	160	0	0
Gujarati	285	240	0	0
Hindi	535	485	0	0
Hungarian	80	45	0	0
Italian	20	10	0	0
Korean	810	700	0	0
Mandarin	18,410	12,980	0	255
Panjabi (Punjabi)	3,285	2,625	0	55
Persian (Farsi)	745	600	0	45
Polish	145	135	0	0
Portuguese	105	65	0	15
Romanian	155	130	0	30
Russian	1,650	1,435	0	50
Serbian	275	230	0	0
Spanish	1,195	950	0	180
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,735	3,610	0	80
Tamil	115	105	0	0
Ukrainian	70	70	0	0
Urdu	370	330	0	0
Vietnamese	455	360	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	4,225	3,425	0	70
Multiple responses	12,985	12,915	60	0
English and French	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	12,895	12,875	20	0
French and non-official language	60	0	25	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,385
None	134,855	116,490	590	535
English	28,085	26,460	235	700
French	1,075	665	355	50
Non-official language	24,380	23,295	45	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	24,375	23,285	45	35
English and French	45	0	0	45
English and non-official language	640	585	10	20
French and non-official language	220	215	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	129,095	108,400	360	1,385
Aboriginal languages	115	120	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	105	110	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	128,985	108,285	365	1,385
Italian	705	625	50	30
Portuguese	435	390	0	25
Romanian	420	390	0	30
Spanish	3,680	3,330	80	205
Dutch	505	505	0	0
Flemish	15	0	0	0
German	2,435	2,365	25	30
Yiddish	95	95	0	0
Danish	75	75	0	0
Norwegian	60	60	0	0
Swedish	115	110	0	0
Afrikaans	190	185	0	0
Gaelic languages	55	55	0	0
Bosnian	100	100	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0
Croatian	325	320	0	0
Czech	145	140	0	0
Macedonian	45	35	0	0
Polish	470	460	0	0
Russian	2,665	2,430	0	55
Serbian	440	390	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	35	0	0
Slovak	120	110	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0
Ukrainian	675	655	0	0
Latvian	30	25	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	545	540	0	0
Armenian	155	145	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0
Estonian	15	10	0	0
Finnish	115	100	0	0
Hungarian	235	200	0	0
Turkish	410	375	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	60	55	0	0
Amharic	85	90	0	0
Arabic	1,275	1,065	60	95
Hebrew	785	755	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	75	55	0	0
Bengali	140	135	0	0
Gujarati	1,360	1,310	0	0
Hindi	3,295	3,200	0	0
Konkani	45	40	0	0
Marathi	135	135	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	7,020	6,365	0	50
Sindhi	280	280	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	250	250	0	0
Urdu	1,395	1,345	0	0
Nepali	80	80	0	0
Kurdish	30	30	0	0
Pashto	15	15	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,205	1,060	0	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	95	75	0	0
Kannada	55	55	0	0
Malayalam	250	245	0	0
Tamil	380	375	0	0
Telugu	40	40	0	0
Japanese	3,125	2,860	25	20
Korean	1,300	1,180	0	0
Cantonese	38,260	30,780	40	275
Fukien	840	790	0	0
Hakka	135	100	10	0
Mandarin	33,125	25,930	0	360
Taiwanese	1,505	1,120	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,160	18,380	0	140
Lao	25	25	0	0
Thai	210	210	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	885	745	0	0
Bisayan languages	520	520	0	0
Ilocano	270	270	0	0
Malay	625	630	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	11,520	11,390	0	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	225	225	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	50	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Creoles	120	50	40	25
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	1,370	1,095	0	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	187,830	166,605	1,250	1,385
Non-movers	161,430	144,215	1,135	1,080
Movers	26,400	22,400	115	305
Non-migrants	16,020	14,000	50	215
Migrants	10,380	8,395	70	90
Internal migrants	5,285	4,875	65	20
Intraprovincial migrants	4,295	3,965	40	0
Interprovincial migrants	990	905	0	0
External migrants	5,100	3,525	0	70
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	180,990	160,950	1,235	1,370
Non-movers	102,795	93,180	655	645
Movers	78,195	67,775	580	730
Non-migrants	41,755	37,445	300	365
Migrants	36,440	30,325	275	370
Internal migrants	16,970	15,435	240	170
Intraprovincial migrants	13,900	12,750	80	90
Interprovincial migrants	3,070	2,690	155	80
External migrants	19,470	14,890	40	195
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,390
Canadian citizens	158,770	144,580	1,160	1,120
Canadian citizens only	148,040	135,200	1,060	955
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	10,730	9,380	95	165
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	30,535	23,130	90	265
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,390
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	72,480	69,800	850	305
Born in province of residence	54,785	52,950	135	255
Born outside province of residence	17,690	16,845	720	50
Immigrants^Footnote 22	112,875	94,510	375	1,065
Americas	4,125	3,875	25	170
United States	1,510	1,485	0	0
Jamaica	170	165	0	0
Guyana	60	60	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	455	430	0	15
Trinidad and Tobago	270	265	0	0
Colombia	115	100	0	0
El Salvador	220	200	0	0
Peru	355	285	0	55
Chile	170	145	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	800	725	0	65
Europe	10,355	9,865	170	145
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	3,565	3,570	0	0
Italy	240	235	0	0
Germany	860	855	0	0
Poland	345	340	0	0
Portugal	150	140	0	0
Netherlands	470	465	0	0
France	150	20	120	0
Romania	320	300	0	25
Russian Federation	845	750	0	10
Greece	255	255	0	0
Ukraine	1,035	985	0	15
Croatia	260	260	0	0
Hungary	140	115	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	110	110	0	0
Serbia	365	320	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	145	145	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,090	1,010	35	30
Africa	2,165	1,915	110	100
Morocco	90	15	25	50
Algeria	45	0	35	0
Egypt	90	80	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	440	445	0	0
Nigeria	45	35	0	0
Ethiopia	60	60	0	0
Kenya	410	385	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	975	885	50	35
Asia	94,995	77,700	70	660
India	5,260	4,695	0	0
China^Footnote 24	35,960	24,090	15	240
Philippines	12,060	11,950	0	80
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	23,135	20,690	0	140
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	1,000	835	0	0
Pakistan	850	815	0	0
Sri Lanka	425	415	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	685	630	0	25
Korea, South^Footnote 27	995	920	0	0
Lebanon	110	95	0	0
Taiwan	8,305	6,935	0	65
Iraq	295	265	0	0
Bangladesh	100	100	0	0
Afghanistan	210	195	0	0
Japan	1,120	990	0	0
Turkey	200	185	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	4,280	3,895	0	55
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	1,230	1,155	0	0
Fiji	990	920	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	240	235	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	3,955	3,405	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	18,685	13,900	35	180
Americas	610	560	0	0
United States	315	295	0	0
Mexico	90	90	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	35	30	0	0
Colombia	35	20	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	30	15	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	110	105	0	0
Europe	735	605	0	45
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	40	25	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	175	150	0	0
Ukraine	85	75	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	145	145	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	235	175	0	0
Africa	120	45	0	50
Nigeria	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	45	0	0	45
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	0	0
Asia	17,170	12,635	0	70
Philippines	3,320	3,300	0	0
China^Footnote 35	10,470	6,395	0	30
India	570	485	0	0
Pakistan	145	150	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	185	165	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	210	160	0	0
Sri Lanka	60	60	0	0
Iraq	70	60	0	0
Bangladesh	30	30	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	50	40	0	0
Taiwan	645	540	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0
Japan	155	135	0	0
Turkey	50	45	0	0
Israel	90	85	0	0
Nepal	50	45	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	425	350	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	15	0	0
Saudi Arabia	65	55	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	565	500	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	60	55	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,390
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	72,475	69,795	855	305
Immigrants^Footnote 43	112,875	94,510	380	1,065
Before 1971	8,330	7,910	50	30
1971 to 1980	10,890	9,970	60	35
1981 to 1990	15,365	13,260	65	190
1991 to 2000	41,955	34,810	130	395
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	36,335	28,560	75	420
2001 to 2005	17,650	14,660	35	235
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	18,685	13,900	35	185
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	3,950	3,410	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,390
First generation^Footnote 48	117,435	98,480	410	1,095
Second generation^Footnote 49	40,905	38,985	150	295
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	30,965	30,255	690	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,385
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	1,930	1,910	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	1,280	1,275	0	0
Métis single identity	580	555	20	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	20	20	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	55	50	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	187,370	165,805	1,230	1,385
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,385
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	910	905	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	188,395	166,805	1,250	1,385
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	162,040	142,785	1,185	1,100
In the labour force	99,915	93,025	830	730
Employed	92,850	86,735	735	670
Unemployed	7,060	6,295	100	50
Not in the labour force	62,130	49,760	350	365
Participation rate	61.7	65.2	70.0	66.4
Employment rate	57.3	60.7	62.0	60.9
Unemployment rate	7.1	6.8	12.0	6.8
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	99,915	93,020	830	730
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	2,755	2,395	55	30
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	97,160	90,625	780	695
Employee	84,745	79,470	630	650
Self-employed	12,410	11,160	145	50
Self-employed (incorporated)	4,620	4,175	60	15
Without paid help	2,035	1,830	30	0
With paid help	2,590	2,350	35	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	7,425	6,670	80	35
Without paid help	4,895	4,530	50	20
With paid help	2,530	2,145	0	0
Unpaid family worker	365	310	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	99,915	93,020	835	725
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	2,755	2,395	55	30
All occupations^Footnote 61	97,160	90,625	780	695
0 Management occupations	12,090	11,220	85	90
00 Senior management occupations	1,030	940	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	4,760	4,575	20	55
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	4,375	3,960	45	35
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,925	1,740	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	19,400	18,560	135	150
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	4,725	4,485	40	55
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	5,645	5,360	45	65
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	1,340	1,295	0	0
14 Office support occupations	5,735	5,540	35	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,955	1,880	10	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	7,980	7,695	90	50
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	4,910	4,705	70	40
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	3,070	2,995	0	10
3 Health occupations	5,070	4,930	30	30
30 Professional occupations in nursing	1,445	1,430	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	1,245	1,210	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	1,425	1,355	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	960	940	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,000	8,645	105	65
40 Professional occupations in education services	2,845	2,705	45	30
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	2,270	2,215	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,950	1,865	40	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	430	415	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	1,500	1,440	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,020	2,845	30	25
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	1,085	985	15	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,935	1,860	15	0
6 Sales and service occupations	27,840	25,170	185	265
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	2,600	2,505	0	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	3,570	2,875	25	25
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	6,535	6,015	45	50
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	7,365	6,810	80	105
66 Sales support occupations	2,860	2,565	0	35
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	4,910	4,405	15	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,925	8,370	95	0
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,680	2,535	20	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,715	1,630	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	1,555	1,455	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	2,365	2,205	35	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	610	550	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	955	805	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	240	215	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	195	155	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	525	435	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,875	2,385	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	405	395	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	920	755	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	530	450	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,015	780	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	99,915	93,020	835	730
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	2,750	2,395	55	30
All industries^Footnote 64	97,160	90,625	780	695
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	685	570	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	290	265	0	0
22 Utilities	455	445	0	0
23 Construction	4,080	3,750	75	0
31-33 Manufacturing	6,340	5,680	35	35
41 Wholesale trade	5,830	5,310	85	40
44-45 Retail trade	12,315	11,340	50	130
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	6,820	6,505	70	40
51 Information and cultural industries	3,110	3,005	30	0
52 Finance and insurance	6,875	6,700	20	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,930	2,735	20	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,230	8,890	75	80
55 Management of companies and enterprises	175	180	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,630	4,275	65	35
61 Educational services	5,905	5,575	125	45
62 Health care and social assistance	7,895	7,605	50	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,985	1,880	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	8,950	7,730	25	55
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,415	4,070	0	35
91 Public administration	4,245	4,125	35	30
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	92,855	86,730	735	675
Usual place of work	74,275	70,005	555	585
Work in CSD of residence	40,705	37,825	250	310
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	32,890	31,550	285	270
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	335	285	0	0
Work in a different province	350	345	0	0
Worked at home	7,365	6,785	80	55
Worked outside Canada	1,595	1,145	0	0
No fixed workplace address	9,615	8,795	75	25
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	83,890	78,805	630	610
Car, truck or van - as a driver	58,520	55,295	500	310
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	5,270	4,760	0	45
Public transit	15,120	14,260	95	170
Walked	2,930	2,605	0	30
Bicycle	1,055	995	0	25
Other methods	995	900	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	106,345	98,805	840	775
English	89,515	87,390	720	660
French	175	100	60	20
Non-official language	12,065	7,165	0	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	12,065	7,160	0	30
English and French	190	80	60	45
English and non-official language	4,385	4,055	0	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	15	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	106,350	98,805	845	770
None	89,530	83,555	650	555
English	4,295	3,660	35	25
French	650	445	140	60
Non-official language	11,480	10,800	0	95
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	11,480	10,800	0	95
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	195	185	0	0
French and non-official language	205	160	0	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	162,040	142,780	1,180	1,095
No certificate, diploma or degree	22,995	16,355	55	160
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	45,185	39,340	270	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	93,865	87,090	860	655
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	9,650	8,935	150	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	5,530	5,170	75	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	4,120	3,770	75	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,315	21,740	205	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	12,610	11,320	125	65
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	48,285	45,095	380	460
Bachelor's degree	33,185	31,140	220	235
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	4,465	4,045	40	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,135	1,035	25	0
Master's degree	8,200	7,680	60	120
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	1,300	1,190	35	35
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	93,860	87,085	855	650
Education	5,655	5,155	30	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,955	3,685	55	15
Humanities	6,050	5,560	60	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,800	10,205	85	120
Business, management and public administration	25,255	23,450	185	210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,610	4,370	40	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,155	4,860	75	45
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	16,695	15,310	155	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,270	1,165	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	10,885	10,140	120	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,525	3,180	60	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	93,860	87,090	860	650
Inside Canada	53,310	51,975	640	330
Newfoundland and Labrador	25	25	0	0
Prince Edward Island	15	20	0	0
Nova Scotia	330	325	0	0
New Brunswick	155	140	0	0
Quebec	935	685	215	25
Ontario	3,620	3,465	100	25
Manitoba	1,050	1,040	0	0
Saskatchewan	645	630	0	0
Alberta	1,975	1,950	0	0
British Columbia	44,540	43,675	285	270
Yukon	25	25	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	40,550	35,115	220	320
Total population in private households by visible minority	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,385
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	133,320	113,215	275	1,160
South Asian^Footnote 82	14,515	13,675	20	55
Chinese	89,045	71,130	150	660
Black	1,245	1,200	0	0
Filipino	12,670	12,550	0	80
Latin American	1,680	1,470	20	145
Arab	950	775	55	85
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	2,155	2,005	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	1,260	1,095	0	50
Korean	1,365	1,265	0	0
Japanese	3,765	3,560	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	370	340	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	4,305	4,155	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	55,985	54,500	975	230
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	189,305	167,715	1,250	1,385
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	142,445	122,100	745	1,130
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	46,865	45,610	510	260
Canadian - Total responses	15,060	14,465	375	0
Canadian - Single responses	4,890	4,680	140	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	10,170	9,780	235	0
English- Total responses	20,785	20,675	90	0
English - Single responses	4,350	4,330	0	0
English - Multiple responses	16,435	16,345	65	0
French - Total responses	5,680	4,960	690	20
French - Single responses	565	260	295	0
French - Multiple responses	5,115	4,700	390	0
Scottish - Total responses	14,995	14,940	50	0
Scottish - Single responses	1,905	1,900	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	13,090	13,040	50	0
Irish - Total responses	11,395	11,305	90	0
Irish - Single responses	1,100	1,105	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	10,295	10,205	90	0
German - Total responses	9,200	9,145	20	15
German - Single responses	1,975	1,965	0	0
German - Multiple responses	7,225	7,180	20	0
Italian - Total responses	2,420	2,330	65	20
Italian - Single responses	695	680	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,720	1,650	50	15
Chinese - Total responses	91,885	74,250	150	680
Chinese - Single responses	84,020	66,695	110	645
Chinese - Multiple responses	7,865	7,555	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,010	1,960	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	495	485	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,515	1,470	40	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	4,500	4,395	0	35
Ukrainian - Single responses	1,080	1,050	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	3,425	3,340	0	30
East Indian - Total responses	12,855	12,145	15	50
East Indian - Single responses	10,490	9,840	0	50
East Indian - Multiple responses	2,365	2,300	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	3,390	3,370	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	700	695	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	2,690	2,675	0	0
Polish- Total responses	3,210	3,145	30	20
Polish - Single responses	550	550	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	2,655	2,600	30	0
Filipino - Total responses	14,320	14,190	0	80
Filipino - Single responses	9,505	9,435	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	4,815	4,760	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	2,210	2,205	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	535	540	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,670	1,670	0	0
Russian- Total responses	4,130	3,945	20	55
Russian - Single responses	995	915	0	15
Russian - Multiple responses	3,135	3,025	20	45
Welsh - Total responses	2,035	2,030	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	150	150	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,880	1,880	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,660	1,650	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	180	175	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,485	1,475	0	0
Métis - Total responses	645	630	20	0
Métis - Single responses	90	90	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	555	540	20	0
Portuguese - Total responses	1,390	1,350	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	345	305	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,055	1,040	0	0
American - Total responses	1,515	1,515	0	0
American - Single responses	80	80	0	0
American - Multiple responses	1,430	1,430	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	3,795	3,620	15	135
Spanish - Single responses	365	330	0	25
Spanish - Multiple responses	3,430	3,285	15	115
Swedish - Total responses	1,605	1,605	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	100	105	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,505	1,505	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	870	830	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	205	190	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	665	640	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	162,045	142,785	1,185	1,095
Without income	10,995	9,615	0	160
With income	151,045	133,165	1,170	935
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	26,080	22,165	145	210
$5,000 to $9,999	11,690	9,885	60	85
$10,000 to $14,999	16,075	12,295	80	85
$15,000 to $19,999	13,975	10,980	50	75
$20,000 to $29,999	18,665	16,540	100	100
$30,000 to $39,999	16,020	14,810	155	135
$40,000 to $49,999	13,455	12,785	145	65
$50,000 to $59,999	9,725	9,245	115	30
$60,000 to $79,999	12,580	12,120	155	65
$80,000 to $99,999	5,920	5,780	40	45
$100,000 and over	6,855	6,550	140	45
$100,000 to $124,999	3,400	3,225	65	30
$125,000 and over	3,460	3,320	70	0
Median income $^Footnote 96	23,694	26,543	39,881	20,898
Average income $^Footnote 97	35,005	37,058	46,630	30,780
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	162,045	142,785	1,185	1,095
Without after-tax income	11,060	9,685	0	155
With after-tax income	150,980	133,100	1,170	935
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	26,375	22,400	145	205
$5,000 to $9,999	11,775	9,945	65	90
$10,000 to $14,999	16,420	12,600	85	90
$15,000 to $19,999	14,605	11,530	40	75
$20,000 to $29,999	21,560	19,280	160	150
$30,000 to $39,999	18,365	17,190	205	115
$40,000 to $49,999	14,850	14,130	115	60
$50,000 to $59,999	9,650	9,280	135	35
$60,000 to $79,999	10,260	9,930	85	80
$80,000 to $99,999	3,765	3,590	70	35
$100,000 and over	3,360	3,225	65	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	22,599	25,046	34,948	20,432
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	30,323	31,975	39,602	26,716
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	162,045	142,785	1,185	1,095
With employment income	105,335	97,810	890	760
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	28,929	30,019	43,990	26,043
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	38,444	39,323	51,131	33,603
With wages and salaries	96,800	90,165	790	730
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	30,388	31,806	44,000	28,105
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	39,377	40,221	51,369	32,969
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	99,915	93,025	830	730
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	49,130	46,465	385	355
All others^Footnote 108	50,785	46,560	450	370

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.