Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in New Westminster, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 26.5 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	65,090	62,325	875	460
0 to 4 years	3,260	2,930	45	0
5 to 9 years	2,680	2,625	0	15
10 to 14 years	2,650	2,590	0	50
15 to 19 years	3,125	3,070	0	40
20 to 24 years	4,280	4,205	35	20
25 to 29 years	5,325	5,150	110	35
30 to 34 years	5,125	4,960	55	40
35 to 39 years	4,950	4,780	45	90
40 to 44 years	5,530	5,350	35	70
45 to 49 years	5,765	5,540	90	45
50 to 54 years	5,525	5,345	70	10
55 to 59 years	4,680	4,525	75	15
60 to 64 years	3,900	3,695	70	0
65 to 69 years	2,415	2,245	50	0
70 to 74 years	2,050	1,845	40	0
75 to 79 years	1,395	1,220	45	0
80 to 84 years	1,045	930	45	0
85 years and over	1,385	1,300	25	0
Median age^Footnote 3	41.0	40.7	49.4	36.3
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	56,495	54,175	820	385
Married or living with a common-law partner	29,800	28,320	395	255
Married (and not separated)	24,210	22,970	230	190
Living common law	5,590	5,350	160	65
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	26,695	25,855	425	130
Single (never legally married)	17,305	16,945	190	110
Separated	1,785	1,725	25	0
Divorced	4,805	4,640	125	0
Widowed	2,805	2,545	85	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	65,090	62,325	875	460
Single responses	63,325	60,585	850	465
English	40,875	40,875	0	0
French	895	135	760	0
Non-official languages	21,550	19,575	85	460
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	40	40	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	25	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	18,375	16,590	60	385
Arabic	480	420	0	25
Bengali	70	70	0	0
Cantonese	1,065	950	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,505	1,240	0	15
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	255	255	0	0
German	675	675	0	0
Greek	110	105	0	0
Gujarati	140	145	0	0
Hindi	480	480	0	0
Hungarian	235	205	0	0
Italian	435	430	0	0
Korean	1,055	935	0	0
Mandarin	1,645	1,385	0	15
Panjabi (Punjabi)	2,405	2,045	0	20
Persian (Farsi)	490	470	0	0
Polish	420	420	0	0
Portuguese	255	250	0	0
Romanian	645	450	0	135
Russian	900	840	0	25
Serbian	445	405	0	0
Spanish	1,130	1,025	0	75
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,865	2,830	0	0
Tamil	75	75	0	0
Ukrainian	165	130	0	0
Urdu	310	275	0	0
Vietnamese	120	90	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	3,135	2,940	0	75
Multiple responses	1,765	1,740	25	0
English and French	25	25	0	0
English and non-official language	1,710	1,715	0	0
French and non-official language	30	0	25	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	65,090	62,325	875	460
English only	58,555	58,560	0	0
French only	50	0	55	0
English and French	5,020	3,730	825	465
Neither English nor French	1,465	35	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	65,090	62,325	875	465
Single responses	61,730	59,015	820	465
English	49,380	48,875	505	0
French	285	0	280	0
Non-official languages	12,065	10,135	35	460
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	10,640	8,870	40	385
Arabic	325	275	0	30
Bengali	25	25	0	0
Cantonese	640	510	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,100	850	0	15
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	30	0	0
German	70	65	0	0
Greek	40	45	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	0	0
Hindi	295	295	0	0
Hungarian	170	135	0	0
Italian	55	50	0	0
Korean	720	595	0	0
Mandarin	1,325	1,055	0	15
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,675	1,315	0	25
Persian (Farsi)	220	195	0	0
Polish	205	200	0	0
Portuguese	85	75	0	0
Romanian	405	215	0	135
Russian	635	585	0	25
Serbian	290	250	0	0
Spanish	510	395	0	75
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,475	1,440	0	0
Tamil	20	20	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0
Urdu	270	235	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	1,420	1,260	0	75
Multiple responses	3,365	3,305	50	0
English and French	40	0	30	0
English and non-official language	3,300	3,295	0	0
French and non-official language	20	0	15	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	65,090	62,325	875	465
None	52,995	51,100	450	190
English	5,580	5,070	175	225
French	545	320	215	10
Non-official language	5,810	5,720	30	0
Aboriginal	35	35	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,780	5,685	30	0
English and French	30	0	0	20
English and non-official language	60	45	0	0
French and non-official language	75	60	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	25,640	23,500	250	465
Aboriginal languages	85	85	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	40	40	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	20	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	30	30	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	25	25	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,555	23,415	255	465
Italian	690	620	50	0
Portuguese	385	365	0	0
Romanian	670	465	0	135
Spanish	2,120	1,935	65	90
Dutch	305	305	0	0
Flemish	15	10	0	0
German	1,090	1,045	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	50	50	0	0
Norwegian	25	25	0	0
Swedish	55	55	0	0
Afrikaans	35	35	0	0
Gaelic languages	30	30	0	0
Bosnian	95	100	0	0
Bulgarian	280	220	0	45
Croatian	270	255	0	0
Czech	155	155	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	0	0
Polish	485	450	0	0
Russian	1,130	1,065	0	35
Serbian	585	540	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	30	0	0
Slovak	155	155	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	240	230	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	155	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0
Albanian	30	30	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	25	0	0
Hungarian	250	215	0	0
Turkish	70	60	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	35	35	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	85	75	0	0
Arabic	615	545	15	25
Hebrew	55	60	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	50	45	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	85	90	0	0
Gujarati	210	210	0	0
Hindi	1,490	1,475	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	3,010	2,635	0	30
Sindhi	30	30	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	60	55	0	0
Urdu	485	450	0	0
Nepali	45	45	0	0
Kurdish	60	60	0	0
Pashto	85	80	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	660	630	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	75	75	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	30	0	0
Tamil	95	95	0	0
Telugu	40	40	0	0
Japanese	780	750	0	0
Korean	1,130	1,010	0	0
Cantonese	1,380	1,255	0	0
Fukien	30	25	0	0
Hakka	20	20	0	0
Mandarin	2,065	1,765	0	0
Taiwanese	65	60	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,470	1,220	0	20
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	145	145	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	35	0	0
Vietnamese	145	115	0	0
Bisayan languages	175	175	0	0
Ilocano	100	100	0	0
Malay	140	135	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	3,860	3,825	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	85	65	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	35	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	45	50	0	0
Creoles	25	15	0	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	440	400	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	64,345	61,710	850	460
Non-movers	52,840	50,755	725	405
Movers	11,505	10,950	125	55
Non-migrants	4,685	4,410	60	30
Migrants	6,815	6,540	60	25
Internal migrants	5,655	5,515	55	0
Intraprovincial migrants	5,040	4,935	40	0
Interprovincial migrants	615	585	15	0
External migrants	1,160	1,025	0	25
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	61,830	59,390	830	455
Non-movers	30,255	29,290	390	200
Movers	31,570	30,095	440	255
Non-migrants	11,350	10,960	95	90
Migrants	20,225	19,140	345	165
Internal migrants	15,685	15,105	295	50
Intraprovincial migrants	13,800	13,345	185	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,885	1,765	110	0
External migrants	4,540	4,030	50	115
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	65,090	62,320	875	460
Canadian citizens	58,160	56,125	795	350
Canadian citizens only	55,445	53,675	725	205
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	2,715	2,445	75	145
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	6,930	6,205	75	110
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	65,090	62,320	875	460
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	42,015	40,995	635	95
Born in province of residence	29,565	29,085	105	90
Born outside province of residence	12,445	11,910	535	0
Immigrants^Footnote 22	21,740	20,080	215	375
Americas	1,955	1,855	0	75
United States	710	705	0	0
Jamaica	60	65	0	0
Guyana	25	25	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Mexico	95	90	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	75	75	0	0
Colombia	130	120	0	0
El Salvador	230	160	0	65
Peru	45	45	0	0
Chile	65	65	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	495	495	0	0
Europe	6,125	5,700	135	215
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	1,560	1,560	0	0
Italy	265	260	0	0
Germany	315	315	0	0
Poland	340	340	0	0
Portugal	160	145	0	0
Netherlands	225	225	0	0
France	130	20	115	0
Romania	640	460	0	125
Russian Federation	430	415	0	0
Greece	40	40	0	0
Ukraine	115	100	0	0
Croatia	85	85	0	0
Hungary	135	120	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	200	185	0	0
Serbia	320	315	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	65	65	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,095	1,035	0	50
Africa	895	775	75	35
Morocco	20	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	35	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	110	110	0	0
Nigeria	100	100	0	0
Ethiopia	105	105	0	0
Kenya	90	90	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	425	325	60	20
Asia	12,035	11,025	0	50
India	1,935	1,630	0	0
China^Footnote 24	2,165	1,785	0	20
Philippines	3,620	3,585	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	685	655	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	165	130	0	0
Pakistan	230	230	0	0
Sri Lanka	100	95	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	150	145	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	740	655	0	0
Lebanon	40	35	0	0
Taiwan	370	315	0	0
Iraq	170	165	0	0
Bangladesh	60	60	0	0
Afghanistan	335	320	0	0
Japan	345	325	0	0
Turkey	35	25	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	890	865	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	725	730	0	0
Fiji	565	565	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	160	160	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	1,340	1,250	15	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	4,555	3,980	70	120
Americas	425	410	0	0
United States	205	205	0	0
Mexico	50	50	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0
Brazil	40	40	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0
Peru	35	30	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	35	0	0
Europe	950	770	30	95
France	30	0	25	0
Germany	55	55	0	0
Poland	65	65	0	0
Romania	230	130	0	55
Moldova^Footnote 33	50	40	0	0
Russian Federation	110	110	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	50	50	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	330	285	0	35
Africa	280	225	35	0
Nigeria	70	65	0	0
Ethiopia	65	65	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	20	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	55	25	0
Asia	2,840	2,525	0	0
Philippines	1,135	1,115	0	0
China^Footnote 35	535	375	0	0
India	290	255	0	0
Pakistan	75	75	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	185	155	0	0
Sri Lanka	45	45	0	0
Iraq	50	45	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	80	60	0	0
Afghanistan	125	120	0	0
Japan	65	65	0	0
Turkey	25	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	30	30	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	140	140	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	55	55	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	65,090	62,325	875	465
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	42,015	40,995	635	90
Immigrants^Footnote 43	21,740	20,080	220	375
Before 1971	2,925	2,805	70	0
1971 to 1980	2,400	2,295	15	0
1981 to 1990	2,735	2,585	20	15
1991 to 2000	5,590	5,105	25	120
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	8,080	7,295	90	215
2001 to 2005	3,525	3,310	20	95
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	4,550	3,980	70	120
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	1,340	1,250	15	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	65,090	62,325	870	465
First generation^Footnote 48	23,285	21,535	245	370
Second generation^Footnote 49	16,880	16,395	100	95
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	24,925	24,395	530	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	65,090	62,320	875	460
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	2,240	2,210	30	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	1,305	1,305	0	0
Métis single identity	785	755	30	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	60	60	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	85	80	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	62,855	60,115	845	465
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	65,090	62,325	875	460
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	910	910	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	64,180	61,415	870	460
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	56,495	54,175	820	385
In the labour force	39,355	38,135	525	290
Employed	36,235	35,160	490	255
Unemployed	3,125	2,975	30	45
Not in the labour force	17,135	16,040	295	90
Participation rate	69.7	70.4	64.0	75.3
Employment rate	64.1	64.9	59.8	66.2
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.8	5.7	15.5
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	39,360	38,140	520	295
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	865	845	10	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	38,495	37,295	505	290
Employee	35,080	34,020	475	240
Self-employed	3,415	3,275	35	50
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,075	1,020	0	0
Without paid help	490	460	0	0
With paid help	585	560	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	2,290	2,200	20	45
Without paid help	1,630	1,600	0	0
With paid help	655	595	0	40
Unpaid family worker	50	50	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	39,360	38,140	525	295
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	865	840	15	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	38,495	37,295	510	285
0 Management occupations	3,860	3,775	50	0
00 Senior management occupations	295	295	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	1,510	1,470	20	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,390	1,360	0	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	670	655	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,125	6,925	115	60
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,180	1,160	0	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	2,460	2,375	65	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	470	450	0	0
14 Office support occupations	2,020	1,950	20	40
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,000	990	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,155	3,030	35	65
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	1,825	1,770	15	25
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,325	1,260	0	40
3 Health occupations	2,645	2,610	25	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	685	670	0	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	330	325	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	955	940	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	680	675	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,435	4,285	80	35
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,565	1,495	45	30
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,125	1,095	0	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	915	880	15	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	250	245	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	580	570	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,420	1,400	0	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	430	425	0	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	990	975	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	8,825	8,500	110	65
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	675	650	0	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,230	1,150	20	15
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	1,730	1,695	15	0
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,120	2,070	30	15
66 Sales support occupations	1,100	1,085	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,970	1,855	35	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,485	5,315	85	25
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,140	2,085	35	15
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	850	825	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	905	880	15	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,215	1,170	15	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	380	360	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	415	370	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	65	65	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	60	55	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	290	245	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,125	1,080	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	100	100	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	335	305	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	260	250	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	435	425	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	39,360	38,140	525	295
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	865	845	15	0
All industries^Footnote 64	38,490	37,300	510	285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	245	195	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	80	0	0
22 Utilities	245	250	0	0
23 Construction	2,800	2,745	25	20
31-33 Manufacturing	2,385	2,290	40	15
41 Wholesale trade	2,025	1,995	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,580	3,500	25	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,550	2,470	40	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,770	1,715	35	20
52 Finance and insurance	1,640	1,580	0	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	920	900	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,480	3,385	45	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,025	1,910	0	45
61 Educational services	2,845	2,695	105	20
62 Health care and social assistance	4,405	4,305	50	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	820	815	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,465	2,370	35	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,950	1,890	0	0
91 Public administration	2,260	2,190	40	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	36,230	35,165	490	250
Usual place of work	30,010	29,145	415	175
Work in CSD of residence	5,355	5,215	55	0
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	24,175	23,455	360	155
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	325	315	0	0
Work in a different province	165	165	0	0
Worked at home	1,855	1,800	0	30
Worked outside Canada	155	150	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,210	4,065	65	55
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	34,220	33,210	480	225
Car, truck or van - as a driver	20,475	19,905	275	125
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	1,270	1,255	0	0
Public transit	9,725	9,370	175	85
Walked	1,905	1,845	25	0
Bicycle	310	305	0	0
Other methods	540	525	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	41,655	40,335	550	310
English	40,120	39,255	485	275
French	80	35	45	0
Non-official language	920	595	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	920	595	0	0
English and French	55	15	20	0
English and non-official language	470	435	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	41,655	40,340	545	310
None	39,175	38,155	370	280
English	415	315	30	0
French	415	260	145	0
Non-official language	1,595	1,555	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,595	1,555	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	40	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	56,495	54,175	820	385
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,405	6,855	50	15
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	14,705	14,265	155	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	34,380	33,050	610	325
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	5,710	5,455	120	70
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	3,130	2,975	95	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	2,580	2,480	25	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,110	10,765	225	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	3,540	3,330	65	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,025	13,500	200	160
Bachelor's degree	9,035	8,705	125	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,350	1,295	0	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	180	0	0
Master's degree	2,970	2,850	55	15
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	490	480	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	34,380	33,050	615	320
Education	2,165	2,085	35	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,760	1,705	0	15
Humanities	1,985	1,900	40	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,890	3,760	40	35
Business, management and public administration	6,980	6,685	145	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,360	1,285	25	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,755	1,660	65	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,005	6,765	120	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	620	590	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	4,960	4,785	85	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,885	1,820	35	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	34,380	33,050	610	325
Inside Canada	25,030	24,340	495	155
Newfoundland and Labrador	95	100	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	270	265	0	0
New Brunswick	55	30	30	0
Quebec	490	305	180	0
Ontario	1,875	1,815	50	0
Manitoba	455	440	0	0
Saskatchewan	390	385	0	0
Alberta	985	965	20	0
British Columbia	20,395	20,035	185	150
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	9,350	8,710	120	165
Total population in private households by visible minority	65,090	62,325	875	460
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	22,625	21,045	125	205
South Asian^Footnote 82	5,495	5,095	0	50
Chinese	5,535	4,895	0	35
Black	1,155	1,050	80	0
Filipino	4,760	4,720	0	0
Latin American	1,155	1,050	0	65
Arab	550	485	20	30
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	655	625	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	765	735	0	0
Korean	1,165	1,045	0	0
Japanese	770	735	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	100	100	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	510	505	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	42,465	41,280	755	255
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	65,090	62,325	875	460
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	35,660	33,450	455	385
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	29,430	28,875	420	80
Canadian - Total responses	8,775	8,455	280	0
Canadian - Single responses	3,075	2,990	80	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	5,700	5,470	205	0
English- Total responses	15,835	15,795	45	0
English - Single responses	2,860	2,860	0	0
English - Multiple responses	12,980	12,935	45	0
French - Total responses	5,155	4,595	555	0
French - Single responses	540	335	200	0
French - Multiple responses	4,620	4,260	355	0
Scottish - Total responses	11,960	11,920	45	0
Scottish - Single responses	1,170	1,165	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	10,795	10,750	40	0
Irish - Total responses	10,075	10,035	35	0
Irish - Single responses	965	965	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	9,110	9,070	30	0
German - Total responses	7,160	7,110	25	0
German - Single responses	1,090	1,090	0	0
German - Multiple responses	6,070	6,025	25	0
Italian - Total responses	2,590	2,495	85	0
Italian - Single responses	740	710	25	0
Italian - Multiple responses	1,850	1,775	60	0
Chinese - Total responses	6,230	5,615	0	30
Chinese - Single responses	4,885	4,280	0	30
Chinese - Multiple responses	1,345	1,330	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	2,010	1,970	40	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	445	445	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,560	1,520	40	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	3,055	2,970	60	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	500	465	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	2,555	2,505	25	0
East Indian - Total responses	4,665	4,295	0	35
East Indian - Single responses	3,730	3,395	0	30
East Indian - Multiple responses	935	900	0	0
Dutch - Total responses	2,190	2,180	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	490	490	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	1,700	1,695	0	0
Polish- Total responses	2,095	2,085	0	0
Polish - Single responses	465	465	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,635	1,625	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	4,995	4,950	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	3,830	3,790	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	1,165	1,160	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	1,510	1,490	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	325	325	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,180	1,165	0	0
Russian- Total responses	2,365	2,305	0	30
Russian - Single responses	595	570	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	1,770	1,730	0	25
Welsh - Total responses	1,325	1,320	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	65	65	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,255	1,255	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	1,640	1,640	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	215	215	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	1,420	1,425	0	0
Métis - Total responses	815	790	25	0
Métis - Single responses	35	30	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	785	760	20	0
Portuguese - Total responses	785	770	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	365	350	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	420	415	0	0
American - Total responses	855	840	15	0
American - Single responses	75	75	0	0
American - Multiple responses	785	765	15	0
Spanish - Total responses	1,600	1,550	25	15
Spanish - Single responses	300	295	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,300	1,255	0	20
Swedish - Total responses	1,235	1,225	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	90	90	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	1,145	1,135	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	725	675	0	15
Hungarian - Single responses	250	220	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	475	460	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	56,495	54,175	815	390
Without income	2,450	2,305	25	30
With income	54,050	51,865	795	355
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	6,195	5,885	50	35
$5,000 to $9,999	3,495	3,330	20	55
$10,000 to $14,999	4,580	4,320	65	25
$15,000 to $19,999	4,730	4,375	95	55
$20,000 to $29,999	6,930	6,630	115	45
$30,000 to $39,999	6,590	6,295	185	0
$40,000 to $49,999	5,805	5,670	70	35
$50,000 to $59,999	4,735	4,595	60	30
$60,000 to $79,999	5,875	5,765	75	20
$80,000 to $99,999	2,870	2,790	50	30
$100,000 and over	2,250	2,225	10	0
$100,000 to $124,999	1,200	1,185	0	0
$125,000 and over	1,050	1,040	0	0
Median income $^Footnote 96	31,391	32,096	32,990	21,551
Average income $^Footnote 97	38,407	38,875	36,262	34,097
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	56,500	54,175	815	385
Without after-tax income	2,450	2,315	25	25
With after-tax income	54,045	51,865	795	355
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	6,240	5,930	50	30
$5,000 to $9,999	3,570	3,400	25	50
$10,000 to $14,999	4,610	4,330	65	25
$15,000 to $19,999	5,135	4,790	95	60
$20,000 to $29,999	8,070	7,695	160	40
$30,000 to $39,999	8,225	7,945	165	40
$40,000 to $49,999	6,595	6,400	105	45
$50,000 to $59,999	4,555	4,455	50	15
$60,000 to $79,999	4,710	4,595	65	45
$80,000 to $99,999	1,310	1,305	0	0
$100,000 and over	1,025	1,020	0	0
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	29,378	29,783	30,851	21,505
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	33,230	33,592	32,211	29,691
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	56,500	54,175	820	385
With employment income	40,830	39,560	560	300
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	35,156	35,475	36,362	27,786
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	40,138	40,383	38,242	35,967
With wages and salaries	38,350	37,175	540	265
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	36,088	36,459	36,368	40,052
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	40,841	41,075	38,041	39,415
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	39,360	38,140	520	295
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	20,990	20,420	270	155
All others^Footnote 108	18,370	17,720	255	140

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.