Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Pickering, CY
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 25.6 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	87,915	85,740	1,305	245
0 to 4 years	4,045	3,955	25	0
5 to 9 years	4,945	4,810	95	0
10 to 14 years	6,175	6,060	80	20
15 to 19 years	7,310	7,180	100	25
20 to 24 years	6,400	6,340	40	20
25 to 29 years	4,895	4,795	70	0
30 to 34 years	4,525	4,455	35	0
35 to 39 years	5,130	5,000	95	15
40 to 44 years	6,540	6,345	135	45
45 to 49 years	8,320	8,140	120	35
50 to 54 years	7,905	7,730	130	20
55 to 59 years	6,595	6,375	150	0
60 to 64 years	5,410	5,285	80	15
65 to 69 years	3,560	3,430	75	0
70 to 74 years	2,335	2,210	40	0
75 to 79 years	1,965	1,870	20	0
80 to 84 years	1,015	950	25	0
85 years and over	850	800	0	0
Median age^Footnote 3	40.4	40.2	44.7	39.7
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	72,755	70,910	1,115	200
Married or living with a common-law partner	42,090	40,865	740	145
Married (and not separated)	37,815	36,715	625	130
Living common law	4,275	4,150	120	0
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	30,660	30,045	375	60
Single (never legally married)	21,900	21,600	220	50
Separated	1,765	1,730	30	0
Divorced	3,845	3,750	70	0
Widowed	3,155	2,965	45	0
Total population in private households by mother tongue	87,920	85,745	1,305	245
Single responses	86,075	83,975	1,240	235
English	69,090	69,090	0	0
French	1,285	60	1,225	0
Non-official languages	15,695	14,820	0	230
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	13,375	12,590	0	195
Arabic	640	610	0	20
Bengali	100	100	0	0
Cantonese	445	385	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	435	400	0	0
Creoles	45	45	0	0
Dutch	240	240	0	0
German	1,000	990	0	0
Greek	685	670	0	0
Gujarati	405	385	0	0
Hindi	295	275	0	0
Hungarian	215	220	0	0
Italian	1,245	1,230	0	0
Korean	190	150	0	0
Mandarin	105	90	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	555	525	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	705	625	0	0
Polish	585	570	0	0
Portuguese	545	525	0	0
Romanian	400	280	0	75
Russian	140	130	0	0
Serbian	35	35	0	0
Spanish	740	635	0	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,185	1,165	0	0
Tamil	1,020	940	0	0
Ukrainian	125	125	0	0
Urdu	1,270	1,220	0	0
Vietnamese	40	40	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 7	2,315	2,225	0	40
Multiple responses	1,845	1,765	65	0
English and French	50	20	0	0
English and non-official language	1,730	1,725	0	0
French and non-official language	65	0	50	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 8	87,920	85,745	1,305	245
English only	81,215	81,210	0	0
French only	25	0	25	0
English and French	6,050	4,525	1,285	245
Neither English nor French	635	0	0	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	87,920	85,740	1,305	245
Single responses	85,350	83,270	1,230	225
English	78,595	77,765	830	0
French	405	0	395	0
Non-official languages	6,345	5,490	0	225
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 9	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	5,655	4,875	0	185
Arabic	325	295	0	20
Bengali	70	75	0	0
Cantonese	265	195	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	195	165	0	0
Creoles	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0
German	25	25	0	0
Greek	140	125	0	0
Gujarati	100	90	0	0
Hindi	90	65	0	0
Hungarian	45	45	0	0
Italian	310	285	0	0
Korean	110	75	0	0
Mandarin	70	55	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	205	170	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	525	440	0	0
Polish	355	345	0	0
Portuguese	180	160	0	0
Romanian	245	120	0	75
Russian	100	95	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0
Spanish	295	190	0	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	415	400	0	0
Tamil	630	545	0	0
Ukrainian	45	50	0	0
Urdu	890	835	0	15
Vietnamese	25	25	0	0
Other languages^Footnote 11	695	615	0	40
Multiple responses	2,570	2,475	75	0
English and French	125	60	45	0
English and non-official language	2,435	2,415	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	87,920	85,740	1,305	245
None	76,485	75,180	630	80
English	3,710	3,290	255	130
French	760	405	355	0
Non-official language	6,855	6,810	45	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	6,855	6,810	40	0
English and French	55	0	0	30
English and non-official language	30	20	10	0
French and non-official language	25	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 12	21,240	20,145	240	235
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 13	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 14	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,235	20,135	245	230
Italian	2,085	2,045	15	0
Portuguese	625	595	0	0
Romanian	440	320	0	75
Spanish	1,320	1,180	35	30
Dutch	265	270	0	0
Flemish	0	0	0	0
German	1,235	1,220	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	55	0	0
Swedish	35	35	0	0
Afrikaans	65	65	0	0
Gaelic languages	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	0	0	0
Croatian	110	110	0	0
Czech	140	140	0	0
Macedonian	795	790	0	0
Polish	750	740	0	0
Russian	250	240	0	0
Serbian	55	50	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	25	0	0
Slovak	30	30	0	0
Slovenian	45	45	0	0
Ukrainian	130	135	0	0
Latvian	55	50	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0
Greek	1,260	1,245	0	0
Armenian	120	100	0	15
Albanian	105	105	0	0
Estonian	65	65	0	0
Finnish	70	70	0	0
Hungarian	265	270	0	0
Turkish	50	45	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0
Amharic	35	35	0	0
Arabic	985	930	15	30
Hebrew	0	0	0	0
Maltese	75	70	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Bengali	170	170	0	0
Gujarati	600	580	0	20
Hindi	1,195	1,165	0	0
Konkani	120	120	0	0
Marathi	60	55	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	895	850	0	0
Sindhi	160	155	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	255	255	0	0
Urdu	1,895	1,835	0	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	15	0	0
Pashto	55	50	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	905	820	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0
Kannada	15	15	0	0
Malayalam	55	55	0	0
Tamil	1,380	1,300	0	0
Telugu	30	20	0	0
Japanese	60	55	0	0
Korean	235	200	0	0
Cantonese	655	590	0	0
Fukien	0	0	0	0
Hakka	70	70	0	0
Mandarin	330	305	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	445	410	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0
Thai	65	65	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	75	0	0
Bisayan languages	95	100	0	0
Ilocano	25	25	0	0
Malay	130	130	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	1,715	1,700	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	25	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	0
Swahili	145	135	0	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	60	30	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	130	120	0	0
African languages, n.i.e.	30	25	0	0
Creoles	325	225	105	0
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	195	185	0	0
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 16	87,240	85,105	1,300	245
Non-movers	81,220	79,295	1,195	190
Movers	6,025	5,810	105	50
Non-migrants	2,570	2,500	45	20
Migrants	3,450	3,305	65	30
Internal migrants	3,100	2,990	45	35
Intraprovincial migrants	2,995	2,885	45	35
Interprovincial migrants	105	105	0	0
External migrants	355	315	0	0
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 17	83,870	81,785	1,285	240
Non-movers	62,320	60,975	940	110
Movers	21,550	20,810	340	130
Non-migrants	8,665	8,450	100	75
Migrants	12,885	12,360	245	55
Internal migrants	11,405	11,005	220	50
Intraprovincial migrants	11,145	10,770	205	55
Interprovincial migrants	255	240	15	0
External migrants	1,485	1,350	25	0
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 18	87,920	85,740	1,305	245
Canadian citizens	84,390	82,520	1,265	235
Canadian citizens only	80,985	79,265	1,245	185
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	3,405	3,255	20	45
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 19	3,530	3,220	40	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 20	87,920	85,740	1,305	245
Non-immigrants^Footnote 21	60,145	59,040	970	60
Born in province of residence	55,065	54,485	470	45
Born outside province of residence	5,085	4,555	500	15
Immigrants^Footnote 22	27,430	26,415	335	185
Americas	8,640	8,480	120	15
United States	715	700	0	0
Jamaica	2,600	2,600	0	0
Guyana	2,190	2,190	0	0
Haiti	130	55	75	0
Mexico	85	85	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,440	1,440	0	0
Colombia	30	30	0	0
El Salvador	75	80	0	0
Peru	80	65	0	0
Chile	45	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,245	1,190	35	0
Europe	8,485	8,205	70	115
United Kingdom^Footnote 23	3,450	3,420	0	0
Italy	865	845	0	0
Germany	670	670	0	0
Poland	465	455	0	0
Portugal	340	320	0	0
Netherlands	200	200	0	0
France	30	0	25	0
Romania	430	315	0	75
Russian Federation	110	100	0	0
Greece	530	515	0	0
Ukraine	85	85	0	0
Croatia	35	35	0	0
Hungary	110	105	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	30	0	0
Serbia	65	70	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	175	180	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	890	850	15	0
Africa	1,515	1,365	140	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	230	225	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	160	160	0	0
Nigeria	225	225	0	0
Ethiopia	30	25	0	0
Kenya	295	295	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	565	430	130	0
Asia	8,700	8,275	10	45
India	1,630	1,560	0	0
China^Footnote 24	330	270	0	0
Philippines	1,775	1,765	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	365	335	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 25	60	55	0	0
Pakistan	1,115	1,100	0	0
Sri Lanka	1,195	1,105	0	0
Iran^Footnote 26	200	195	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 27	205	170	0	0
Lebanon	165	145	0	0
Taiwan	20	15	0	0
Iraq	130	125	0	0
Bangladesh	95	95	0	0
Afghanistan	445	385	0	0
Japan	25	25	0	0
Turkey	35	30	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	905	885	0	15
Oceania and other^Footnote 28	90	90	0	0
Fiji	25	25	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 29	65	65	0	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 30	345	290	0	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 31	1,610	1,510	30	0
Americas	475	455	0	0
United States	100	100	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	0	0	0
Jamaica	150	145	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0
Guyana	105	105	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 32	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	50	0	0
Europe	170	135	0	0
France	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	0
Romania	50	35	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 33	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 34	45	40	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	35	0	0
Africa	180	175	0	0
Nigeria	55	60	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0
Mauritius	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	95	0	0
Asia	775	740	0	0
Philippines	265	265	0	0
China^Footnote 35	30	25	0	0
India	100	100	0	0
Pakistan	95	90	0	0
Iran^Footnote 36	0	0	0	0
South Korea^Footnote 37	25	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	65	60	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	20	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 38	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	50	35	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	30	30	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0
Syria^Footnote 39	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	40	0	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 40	15	15	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 41	87,920	85,740	1,305	245
Non-immigrants^Footnote 42	60,145	59,040	970	60
Immigrants^Footnote 43	27,425	26,415	335	185
Before 1971	6,180	6,110	35	0
1971 to 1980	6,130	5,940	90	20
1981 to 1990	5,175	5,055	25	30
1991 to 2000	5,730	5,380	140	75
2001 to 2011^Footnote 44	4,210	3,935	45	50
2001 to 2005	2,600	2,425	0	45
2006 to 2011^Footnote 45	1,610	1,505	30	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 46	345	290	0	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 47	87,920	85,745	1,305	245
First generation^Footnote 48	27,970	26,890	335	185
Second generation^Footnote 49	26,895	26,545	230	60
Third generation or more^Footnote 50	33,050	32,305	735	0
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	87,920	85,740	1,305	245
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 51	850	830	20	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 52	560	555	0	0
Métis single identity	210	195	0	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 53	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 54	60	60	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	87,070	84,910	1,280	245
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 55	87,915	85,740	1,305	245
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 56	265	270	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	87,650	85,475	1,305	245
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 57	72,755	70,910	1,115	205
In the labour force	50,775	49,725	755	155
Employed	46,525	45,570	695	155
Unemployed	4,245	4,155	65	0
Not in the labour force	21,985	21,190	355	45
Participation rate	69.8	70.1	67.7	75.6
Employment rate	63.9	64.3	62.3	75.6
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.4	8.6	0.0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	50,775	49,725	760	155
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 58	1,630	1,620	0	0
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 59	49,150	48,105	755	155
Employee	44,725	43,765	695	140
Self-employed	4,425	4,340	60	0
Self-employed (incorporated)	1,415	1,390	0	0
Without paid help	580	560	0	0
With paid help	840	835	0	0
Self-employed (unincorporated)	2,935	2,880	40	0
Without paid help	2,055	2,010	35	0
With paid help	880	875	0	0
Unpaid family worker	70	70	0	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	50,775	49,725	755	155
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 60	1,625	1,620	0	0
All occupations^Footnote 61	49,150	48,100	755	155
0 Management occupations	6,505	6,365	125	0
00 Senior management occupations	625	620	0	0
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	2,970	2,910	45	0
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	1,810	1,745	60	0
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	1,100	1,090	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,245	10,050	165	20
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	1,955	1,930	20	0
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	3,360	3,270	80	0
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	845	815	0	0
14 Office support occupations	2,845	2,805	30	0
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	1,235	1,230	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,500	3,410	60	40
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	2,155	2,095	35	25
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	1,350	1,320	25	0
3 Health occupations	2,390	2,360	35	0
30 Professional occupations in nursing	750	735	15	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	450	435	0	0
32 Technical occupations in health	670	665	0	0
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	515	515	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,770	5,660	110	0
40 Professional occupations in education services	1,890	1,820	75	0
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	1,285	1,275	15	0
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	1,310	1,310	0	0
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	575	560	0	0
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	700	695	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,830	1,785	40	0
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	460	445	10	0
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,365	1,340	25	0
6 Sales and service occupations	10,675	10,365	165	65
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	1,355	1,305	35	0
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	1,165	1,130	0	0
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	2,635	2,575	0	15
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	2,330	2,245	65	0
66 Sales support occupations	1,345	1,320	0	0
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	1,845	1,785	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,875	5,800	50	15
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	2,055	2,030	10	0
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	1,345	1,345	0	0
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	825	810	0	0
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	1,305	1,290	0	0
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	345	325	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	540	530	0	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	40	45	0	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	100	100	0	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	400	390	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,815	1,780	0	0
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	405	395	0	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	460	460	0	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	480	465	0	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	465	455	0	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 62	50,770	49,725	760	155
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 63	1,630	1,620	0	0
All industries^Footnote 64	49,145	48,105	755	155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	160	160	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	105	0	0
22 Utilities	985	950	20	0
23 Construction	3,025	2,970	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,850	3,765	45	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,160	3,025	105	30
44-45 Retail trade	5,365	5,270	65	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,095	2,090	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,055	2,025	35	0
52 Finance and insurance	4,935	4,780	125	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,110	1,095	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,950	3,885	35	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	65	65	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,275	2,245	0	0
61 Educational services	3,265	3,150	115	0
62 Health care and social assistance	4,485	4,425	60	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,175	1,160	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,585	2,505	25	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,755	1,725	15	0
91 Public administration	2,745	2,705	40	0
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 65	46,530	45,570	690	155
Usual place of work	38,365	37,575	590	120
Work in CSD of residence	7,875	7,775	65	35
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	4,355	4,290	65	0
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	26,075	25,455	460	85
Work in a different province	70	65	0	0
Worked at home	3,035	2,940	65	15
Worked outside Canada	115	100	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,015	4,950	30	15
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 66	43,385	42,530	615	140
Car, truck or van - as a driver	33,495	32,835	510	100
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	2,660	2,610	20	15
Public transit	5,550	5,435	80	0
Walked	1,180	1,155	0	0
Bicycle	70	75	0	0
Other methods	425	420	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 67	52,710	51,595	800	165
English	51,900	51,190	540	145
French	215	50	165	0
Non-official language	230	120	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	230	125	0	0
English and French	235	120	100	20
English and non-official language	130	120	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 68	52,715	51,600	800	170
None	51,195	50,430	500	125
English	195	95	90	0
French	600	380	205	20
Non-official language	685	675	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	685	675	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 69	72,755	70,910	1,115	200
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,355	9,950	110	25
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 70	21,755	21,285	310	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 71	40,640	39,675	695	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 72	5,005	4,880	85	0
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 73	2,585	2,520	30	0
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 74	2,415	2,365	50	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,325	16,035	225	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 75	3,560	3,470	50	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,750	15,280	335	105
Bachelor's degree	10,460	10,175	215	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,165	2,065	55	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	395	390	0	0
Master's degree	2,350	2,275	55	20
Earned doctorate^Footnote 76	380	380	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 77	40,640	39,670	695	150
Education	2,235	2,130	75	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,695	1,665	30	0
Humanities	2,570	2,490	45	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,195	5,100	60	0
Business, management and public administration	10,335	10,090	200	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,540	1,520	15	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,205	2,140	50	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,330	7,165	100	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	465	460	0	0
Health and related fields^Footnote 78	5,065	4,955	75	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,985	1,940	45	0
Other fields of study^Footnote 79	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 80	40,635	39,675	690	155
Inside Canada	32,810	32,140	580	70
Newfoundland and Labrador	180	170	0	0
Prince Edward Island	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotia	170	170	0	0
New Brunswick	125	85	35	0
Quebec	690	585	90	15
Ontario	31,120	30,610	445	55
Manitoba	135	135	0	0
Saskatchewan	25	25	0	0
Alberta	245	240	0	0
British Columbia	105	105	0	0
Yukon	0	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	0	0	0	0
Nunavut	0	0	0	0
Outside Canada	7,825	7,535	110	80
Total population in private households by visible minority	87,920	85,740	1,305	245
Total visible minority population^Footnote 81	31,130	30,120	410	95
South Asian^Footnote 82	9,690	9,440	30	30
Chinese	2,025	1,895	0	0
Black	10,055	9,660	375	0
Filipino	2,910	2,900	0	0
Latin American	785	695	0	15
Arab	835	810	0	20
Southeast Asian^Footnote 83	630	630	0	0
West Asian^Footnote 84	830	755	0	0
Korean	285	250	0	0
Japanese	250	250	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 85	1,430	1,430	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 86	1,410	1,410	0	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 87	56,785	55,620	895	150
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 88	87,915	85,740	1,305	245
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 89	47,565	46,060	735	205
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	40,355	39,680	575	40
Canadian - Total responses	18,515	18,145	350	0
Canadian - Single responses	7,370	7,200	170	0
Canadian - Multiple responses	11,145	10,945	180	0
English- Total responses	22,205	22,055	145	0
English - Single responses	4,775	4,770	0	0
English - Multiple responses	17,435	17,285	145	0
French - Total responses	5,415	4,735	670	0
French - Single responses	445	165	275	0
French - Multiple responses	4,970	4,570	400	0
Scottish - Total responses	14,485	14,410	75	0
Scottish - Single responses	2,160	2,160	0	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	12,325	12,250	75	0
Irish - Total responses	13,945	13,870	80	0
Irish - Single responses	1,580	1,580	0	0
Irish - Multiple responses	12,370	12,290	80	0
German - Total responses	6,820	6,770	25	20
German - Single responses	1,365	1,350	0	0
German - Multiple responses	5,455	5,425	0	0
Italian - Total responses	6,060	6,020	20	0
Italian - Single responses	2,735	2,715	0	0
Italian - Multiple responses	3,330	3,305	20	0
Chinese - Total responses	3,115	2,995	0	0
Chinese - Single responses	1,605	1,490	0	0
Chinese - Multiple responses	1,515	1,505	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	1,260	1,180	75	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	70	70	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	1,190	1,115	75	0
Ukrainian - Total responses	1,875	1,870	0	0
Ukrainian - Single responses	285	280	0	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	1,595	1,590	0	0
East Indian - Total responses	8,070	7,920	30	20
East Indian - Single responses	4,885	4,760	0	20
East Indian - Multiple responses	3,190	3,155	30	0
Dutch - Total responses	3,040	3,025	0	0
Dutch - Single responses	710	710	0	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	2,335	2,315	0	0
Polish- Total responses	2,230	2,210	0	0
Polish - Single responses	725	720	0	0
Polish - Multiple responses	1,505	1,490	0	0
Filipino - Total responses	3,105	3,095	0	0
Filipino - Single responses	2,260	2,250	0	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	840	840	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 91	2,085	2,085	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 92	390	390	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 93	1,690	1,690	0	0
Russian- Total responses	685	670	0	0
Russian - Single responses	95	85	0	0
Russian - Multiple responses	585	585	0	0
Welsh - Total responses	1,715	1,705	0	0
Welsh - Single responses	60	60	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	1,655	1,650	0	0
Norwegian - Total responses	435	435	0	0
Norwegian - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	430	425	0	0
Métis - Total responses	280	250	20	0
Métis - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Métis - Multiple responses	265	255	15	0
Portuguese - Total responses	2,550	2,515	0	0
Portuguese - Single responses	795	775	0	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	1,755	1,745	0	0
American - Total responses	900	885	0	0
American - Single responses	35	35	0	0
American - Multiple responses	870	855	0	0
Spanish - Total responses	1,390	1,355	0	0
Spanish - Single responses	145	140	0	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	1,240	1,220	0	0
Swedish - Total responses	415	410	0	0
Swedish - Single responses	0	0	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	395	390	0	0
Hungarian - Total responses	695	690	0	0
Hungarian - Single responses	210	210	0	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	485	480	0	0
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 94	72,755	70,910	1,110	205
Without income	4,800	4,665	80	0
With income	67,960	66,250	1,035	195
Under $5,000^Footnote 95	8,315	8,100	100	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,770	4,670	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	4,760	4,650	20	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,030	4,865	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	7,825	7,615	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	6,975	6,790	110	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,050	5,910	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,810	5,675	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	7,660	7,445	175	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	4,905	4,775	115	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	5,860	5,750	85	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 to $124,999	2,750	2,710	35	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$125,000 and over	3,110	3,045	50	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median income $^Footnote 96	34,548	34,570	46,562	31,657
Average income $^Footnote 97	47,384	47,343	63,177	45,123
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 98	72,755	70,910	1,115	200
Without after-tax income	4,815	4,680	80	0
With after-tax income	67,940	66,230	1,040	190
Under $5,000^Footnote 99	8,460	8,240	105	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,920	4,805	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$10,000 to $14,999	4,870	4,760	15	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$15,000 to $19,999	5,585	5,405	60	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$20,000 to $29,999	8,965	8,725	125	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,230	8,045	135	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,965	7,755	165	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,890	5,740	120	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$60,000 to $79,999	7,615	7,430	170	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$80,000 to $99,999	2,825	2,760	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
$100,000 and over	2,620	2,570	45	suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act x
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 100	31,261	31,271	41,195	27,689
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 101	38,654	38,622	50,458	36,431
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 102	72,755	70,910	1,115	200
With employment income	51,895	50,785	820	165
Median employment income $^Footnote 103	38,453	38,385	51,017	28,862
Average employment income $^Footnote 104	50,036	49,829	66,818	46,479
With wages and salaries	48,380	47,360	760	150
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 105	40,360	40,221	52,250	31,209
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	51,348	51,118	69,483	48,621
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	50,775	49,725	755	155
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 107	29,360	28,690	510	85
All others^Footnote 108	21,410	21,035	250	70

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 6

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 8

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 9

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 10

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 13

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 14

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 19

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 20

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 21

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 22

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 23

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 24

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 25

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 26

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 27

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 28

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 29

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 31

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 32

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 33

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 34

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 35

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 36

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 37

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 38

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 39

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 40

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 41

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 42

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 43

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 44

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 47

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 48

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 49

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 50

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 54

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 55

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 56

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 57

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 58

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 59

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 63

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 64

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 65

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 66

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 67

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 68

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 70

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 71

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 72

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 74

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 75

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 76

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 77

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 78

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 79

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 80

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 81

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 82

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 83

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 85

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 86

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 88

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 89

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 90

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 91

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 95

Including loss.

Footnote 96

For population with income.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 99

Including loss.

Footnote 100

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 103

For population with employment income.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 108

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011044.