Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in British Columbia / Colombie-Britannique^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 26.1 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,135	16,640
0 to 4 years	220,260	204,915	1,150	380
5 to 9 years	218,220	214,415	1,150	910
10 to 14 years	239,135	234,745	1,125	2,405
15 to 19 years	273,145	268,285	1,345	2,570
20 to 24 years	276,570	272,035	1,755	1,190
25 to 29 years	284,880	278,060	3,345	950
30 to 34 years	273,365	265,005	3,705	1,225
35 to 39 years	278,045	268,250	3,510	1,280
40 to 44 years	310,905	297,225	3,905	1,250
45 to 49 years	347,920	330,760	4,485	895
50 to 54 years	350,580	333,450	5,085	1,015
55 to 59 years	319,330	301,710	5,255	665
60 to 64 years	286,590	269,295	4,630	460
65 to 69 years	209,095	193,280	3,980	420
70 to 74 years	157,565	142,615	2,995	465
75 to 79 years	125,105	111,480	2,255	305
80 to 84 years	88,420	78,890	1,420	170
85 years and over	65,325	58,005	1,040	90
Median age^Footnote 4	41.6	40.9	50.7	29.6
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	3,646,840	3,468,345	48,710	12,950
Married or living with a common-law partner	2,148,715	2,025,780	30,800	6,555
Married (and not separated)	1,829,330	1,716,150	22,800	6,030
Living common law	319,385	309,625	8,005	530
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,498,125	1,442,565	17,910	6,395
Single (never legally married)	985,825	966,020	9,530	5,295
Separated	96,370	92,035	1,270	275
Divorced	238,975	229,450	3,935	520
Widowed	176,955	155,055	3,165	310
Total population in private households by mother tongue	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Single responses	4,259,455	4,059,480	50,745	15,965
English	3,061,095	3,061,015	75	0
French	54,440	5,295	49,150	0
Non-official languages	1,143,920	993,170	1,520	15,960
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	1,035	1,020	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	755	750	0	0
Dene	60	55	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35	35	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	180	180	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	1,015,350	872,925	1,105	14,635
Arabic	12,770	10,960	120	835
Bengali	2,090	1,945	0	55
Cantonese	138,275	104,525	65	885
Chinese, n.o.s.	113,510	89,275	50	865
Creoles	710	535	50	125
Dutch	23,175	22,720	45	370
German	68,970	67,800	45	770
Greek	5,510	5,285	0	95
Gujarati	5,860	5,565	0	30
Hindi	24,965	23,555	0	155
Hungarian	9,080	8,800	0	170
Italian	23,030	22,125	135	230
Korean	47,965	41,875	0	615
Mandarin	94,350	75,705	20	1,150
Panjabi (Punjabi)	184,365	149,365	120	1,570
Persian (Farsi)	34,990	31,380	55	1,250
Polish	16,285	15,700	30	305
Portuguese	13,580	12,745	25	270
Romanian	7,580	6,330	30	870
Russian	21,645	19,885	30	640
Serbian	6,890	6,205	0	405
Spanish	39,110	35,670	125	1,960
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	74,175	73,335	20	190
Tamil	3,930	3,625	0	85
Ukrainian	8,975	8,755	0	85
Urdu	7,990	7,590	0	75
Vietnamese	25,585	21,665	60	585
Other languages^Footnote 8	127,535	119,225	415	1,325
Multiple responses	65,000	62,940	1,385	675
English and French	3,630	2,900	175	560
English and non-official language	59,225	59,180	40	0
French and non-official language	1,765	600	1,165	0
English, French and non-official language	380	255	0	120
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
English only	3,890,685	3,890,685	0	0
French only	1,760	0	1,760	0
English and French	296,075	229,180	50,315	16,580
Neither English nor French	135,935	2,555	60	60
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,135	16,640
Single responses	4,196,850	3,997,060	50,675	15,850
English	3,502,880	3,467,255	35,625	0
French	15,260	1,205	14,065	0
Non-official languages	678,710	528,605	985	15,850
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	65	55	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	45	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	630,545	487,440	810	14,625
Arabic	7,830	5,955	160	835
Bengali	1,295	1,150	0	55
Cantonese	108,885	73,215	35	995
Chinese, n.o.s.	77,425	54,810	60	845
Creoles	445	230	90	120
Dutch	1,990	1,590	0	360
German	9,855	8,710	50	745
Greek	1,865	1,650	0	100
Gujarati	2,625	2,340	0	35
Hindi	13,630	12,225	0	150
Hungarian	2,135	1,890	0	140
Italian	5,635	4,900	0	185
Korean	38,425	32,405	0	580
Mandarin	78,675	59,350	15	1,185
Panjabi (Punjabi)	141,505	106,550	75	1,575
Persian (Farsi)	24,980	21,265	40	1,250
Polish	6,055	5,515	0	280
Portuguese	4,730	3,920	25	270
Romanian	3,625	2,400	0	865
Russian	12,165	10,305	0	675
Serbian	4,360	3,670	0	395
Spanish	20,230	16,735	110	2,005
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35,660	34,815	0	185
Tamil	2,480	2,185	0	85
Ukrainian	1,050	895	0	75
Urdu	5,295	4,885	0	70
Vietnamese	17,695	13,880	70	555
Other languages^Footnote 12	48,100	41,115	180	1,220
Multiple responses	127,610	125,355	1,455	795
English and French	2,080	605	905	560
English and non-official language	124,690	124,460	230	0
French and non-official language	405	115	290	0
English, French and non-official language	430	175	30	225
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
None	3,721,845	3,563,420	28,835	6,510
English	264,560	243,075	8,215	8,485
French	35,205	21,665	13,290	220
Non-official language	293,520	286,695	1,090	435
Aboriginal	6,880	6,875	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	286,630	279,820	1,085	430
English and French	875	95	60	715
English and non-official language	4,555	3,985	270	225
French and non-official language	3,850	3,480	365	0
English, French and non-official language	50	0	0	50
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	1,361,445	1,202,755	9,230	16,195
Aboriginal languages	15,015	14,900	30	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	55	55	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	1,505	1,470	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	245	245	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	1,920	1,910	0	0
Dene	115	115	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	10	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	100	95	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	125	120	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	11,175	11,110	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,346,770	1,188,185	9,200	16,170
Italian	35,885	33,795	965	560
Portuguese	18,435	17,330	235	315
Romanian	8,630	7,275	60	935
Spanish	97,200	88,820	4,160	2,685
Dutch	27,480	26,885	205	355
Flemish	560	495	50	20
German	96,725	93,670	1,440	1,205
Yiddish	540	510	10	0
Danish	6,615	6,560	25	0
Norwegian	2,900	2,875	0	0
Swedish	4,295	4,250	0	30
Afrikaans	7,640	7,540	30	55
Gaelic languages	1,190	1,190	0	0
Bosnian	1,315	1,255	0	15
Bulgarian	2,050	1,795	0	180
Croatian	9,185	8,810	45	100
Czech	6,005	5,895	0	50
Macedonian	350	300	0	0
Polish	18,585	17,895	85	345
Russian	29,635	27,485	135	770
Serbian	8,260	7,530	40	395
Serbo-Croatian	1,495	1,395	0	30
Slovak	3,320	3,240	0	35
Slovenian	1,265	1,265	0	0
Ukrainian	11,410	11,030	35	170
Latvian	585	585	0	0
Lithuanian	375	365	0	0
Greek	8,070	7,805	35	105
Armenian	1,245	1,135	0	65
Albanian	1,375	1,255	0	0
Estonian	810	765	0	0
Finnish	3,750	3,690	0	30
Hungarian	10,040	9,705	40	190
Turkish	4,935	4,605	40	100
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	0
Oromo	255	235	20	0
Somali	775	745	0	0
Amharic	1,570	1,480	0	0
Arabic	17,480	14,790	815	920
Hebrew	4,505	4,245	115	120
Maltese	215	215	0	0
Tigrigna	845	790	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	720	560	0	0
Bengali	2,540	2,400	0	55
Gujarati	9,330	8,965	40	50
Hindi	66,870	62,820	75	535
Konkani	345	340	0	0
Marathi	725	715	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	213,310	178,075	120	1,640
Sindhi	2,470	2,385	15	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	2,225	2,210	0	0
Urdu	13,375	12,820	25	105
Nepali	1,105	1,035	15	0
Kurdish	1,510	1,345	0	0
Pashto	1,270	1,095	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	39,715	35,770	120	1,335
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,005	885	0	0
Kannada	400	390	0	0
Malayalam	2,140	2,090	0	30
Tamil	5,345	5,010	0	85
Telugu	860	835	0	0
Japanese	33,455	31,610	215	225
Korean	51,140	45,060	25	585
Cantonese	169,000	132,215	150	995
Fukien	2,565	2,320	0	0
Hakka	1,135	940	25	25
Mandarin	144,605	117,405	175	1,585
Taiwanese	8,940	7,210	0	90
Chinese, n.o.s.	114,225	91,690	125	910
Lao	1,595	1,510	0	20
Thai	3,625	3,505	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,420	1,240	25	15
Vietnamese	30,815	26,195	145	605
Bisayan languages	4,680	4,620	0	0
Ilocano	4,315	4,225	0	0
Malay	6,760	6,655	10	20
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	99,900	98,885	40	200
Akan (Twi)	525	525	0	0
Lingala	360	115	225	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	110	30	35	45
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	125	75	30	0
Swahili	3,250	2,970	130	85
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	1,070	1,010	40	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,440	1,350	25	0
African languages, n.i.e.	1,010	985	0	0
Creoles	1,520	1,040	350	125
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	20,180	18,130	225	145
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	4,282,105	4,084,275	51,900	16,460
Non-movers	3,665,455	3,500,970	42,840	13,505
Movers	616,645	583,300	9,065	2,955
Non-migrants	347,835	331,525	4,705	1,450
Migrants	268,810	251,780	4,360	1,510
Internal migrants	212,385	205,275	3,460	745
Intraprovincial migrants	167,280	162,330	1,950	555
Interprovincial migrants	45,105	42,950	1,510	185
External migrants	56,420	46,500	905	765
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	4,104,195	3,917,505	50,985	16,260
Non-movers	2,349,525	2,249,335	26,980	7,935
Movers	1,754,670	1,668,165	24,005	8,325
Non-migrants	888,335	851,390	10,055	3,220
Migrants	866,335	816,780	13,945	5,105
Internal migrants	653,285	632,335	11,380	2,465
Intraprovincial migrants	486,835	474,070	5,295	1,605
Interprovincial migrants	166,450	158,265	6,085	860
External migrants	213,050	184,445	2,570	2,635
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,135	16,640
Canadian citizens	3,975,535	3,826,000	49,130	12,865
Canadian citizens only	3,834,845	3,696,630	46,110	10,330
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	140,690	129,370	3,020	2,535
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	348,925	296,420	3,000	3,775
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	4,324,460	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	3,067,590	3,007,610	41,595	4,445
Born in province of residence	2,106,250	2,084,100	5,200	3,590
Born outside province of residence	961,335	923,515	36,400	850
Immigrants^Footnote 23	1,191,875	1,054,925	9,635	11,595
Americas	105,195	101,855	740	1,640
United States	57,975	57,530	245	120
Jamaica	2,870	2,860	0	0
Guyana	1,315	1,295	20	0
Haiti	540	310	220	0
Mexico	8,775	8,165	40	395
Trinidad and Tobago	2,800	2,800	0	0
Colombia	3,315	2,935	30	235
El Salvador	5,635	5,085	50	265
Peru	2,925	2,700	25	125
Chile	2,635	2,485	0	85
Other places of birth in Americas	16,405	15,685	95	400
Europe	322,795	309,965	6,000	3,770
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	130,730	130,545	125	50
Italy	15,985	15,175	80	205
Germany	35,100	34,575	110	295
Poland	14,620	14,270	25	155
Portugal	8,135	7,465	35	150
Netherlands	20,640	20,315	50	255
France	5,335	985	4,270	65
Romania	8,005	6,915	60	810
Russian Federation	8,800	8,070	40	295
Greece	3,345	3,205	0	20
Ukraine	7,060	6,580	20	210
Croatia	5,645	5,485	0	30
Hungary	5,960	5,810	35	65
Bosnia and Herzegovina	4,215	3,955	0	90
Serbia	4,635	4,235	0	265
Ireland, Republic of	5,180	5,165	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	39,410	37,220	1,145	790
Africa	37,270	34,130	1,950	880
Morocco	910	430	295	165
Algeria	485	75	270	135
Egypt	1,770	1,545	115	110
South Africa, Republic of	12,810	12,735	35	40
Nigeria	1,230	1,210	0	0
Ethiopia	1,645	1,605	15	0
Kenya	4,520	4,405	40	25
Other places of birth in Africa	13,905	12,125	1,170	395
Asia	696,700	579,955	870	5,270
India	143,345	114,405	55	400
China^Footnote 25	167,530	112,115	90	1,120
Philippines	96,560	95,600	35	190
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	74,635	67,625	50	425
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	25,840	20,705	135	340
Pakistan	8,565	7,670	0	40
Sri Lanka	4,435	4,260	0	50
Iran^Footnote 27	30,050	27,325	85	1,030
Korea, South^Footnote 28	37,730	33,155	0	465
Lebanon	1,740	1,385	180	115
Taiwan	42,045	36,125	0	440
Iraq	3,425	3,020	0	15
Bangladesh	1,580	1,515	0	35
Afghanistan	3,525	3,080	0	70
Japan	12,360	11,640	0	65
Turkey	2,105	1,955	45	40
Other places of birth in Asia	41,230	38,375	145	425
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	29,910	29,015	75	30
Fiji	17,555	16,740	0	20
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	12,360	12,275	60	10
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	64,990	59,890	905	600
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	185,120	154,220	1,540	2,515
Americas	17,200	16,355	140	320
United States	8,680	8,585	20	0
Mexico	2,715	2,490	0	115
Cuba	285	255	0	0
Haiti	120	80	45	0
Jamaica	345	345	0	0
Brazil	995	925	0	25
Colombia	1,000	870	15	50
Guyana	75	50	15	0
Peru	680	615	0	30
Venezuela^Footnote 33	230	200	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	2,085	1,940	15	50
Europe	22,895	20,395	830	935
France	785	45	720	0
Germany	2,015	1,920	0	80
Poland	580	545	0	0
Romania	1,570	1,080	0	300
Moldova^Footnote 34	330	270	0	50
Russian Federation	2,450	2,125	0	100
Ukraine	1,010	865	0	30
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	8,960	8,945	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	5,190	4,600	70	340
Africa	6,180	5,235	440	405
Nigeria	615	615	0	0
Ethiopia	425	400	0	0
Mauritius	220	50	110	60
Somalia	145	130	0	0
Algeria	140	25	30	80
Egypt	400	340	0	50
Morocco	265	115	70	65
Tunisia	80	0	25	55
Cameroon	30	25	0	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	145	50	65	25
South Africa, Republic of	1,590	1,580	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,125	1,910	105	40
Asia	135,645	109,135	125	855
Philippines	27,790	27,430	0	90
China^Footnote 36	38,595	24,190	35	145
India	25,835	19,505	0	95
Pakistan	1,800	1,640	0	0
Iran^Footnote 37	6,690	5,900	0	140
South Korea^Footnote 38	10,110	8,710	0	140
Sri Lanka	1,125	1,080	0	0
Iraq	1,375	1,090	0	0
Bangladesh	420	390	0	0
Lebanon	350	275	0	30
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	1,705	1,315	20	0
Taiwan	5,695	4,900	0	55
Afghanistan	800	655	0	0
Japan	2,630	2,465	0	0
Turkey	860	815	0	0
Israel	460	430	0	0
Nepal	520	515	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	1,725	1,470	0	0
United Arab Emirates	260	245	0	0
Saudi Arabia	380	350	0	0
Syria^Footnote 40	195	170	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	6,335	5,585	0	60
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	3,200	3,100	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	3,067,590	3,007,610	41,595	4,445
Immigrants^Footnote 44	1,191,875	1,054,925	9,635	11,595
Before 1971	223,215	214,595	2,395	600
1971 to 1980	161,330	149,270	1,260	760
1981 to 1990	156,445	137,060	1,285	1,610
1991 to 2000	305,655	260,490	1,905	3,650
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	345,220	293,500	2,790	4,975
2001 to 2005	160,105	139,285	1,245	2,465
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	185,120	154,220	1,540	2,515
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	64,995	59,885	905	600
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	4,324,455	4,122,425	52,130	16,640
First generation^Footnote 49	1,272,685	1,130,065	10,855	12,235
Second generation^Footnote 50	1,013,335	990,465	5,800	4,045
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	2,038,435	2,001,890	35,475	360
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,135	16,640
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	232,290	229,575	2,520	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	155,015	154,420	485	20
Métis single identity	69,475	67,500	1,925	40
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	1,575	1,540	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	2,480	2,430	45	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	3,745	3,690	50	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,092,165	3,892,845	49,610	16,575
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	121,225	120,770	325	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,203,230	4,001,650	51,805	16,610
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,710	12,955
In the labour force	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,920	8,155
Employed	2,171,470	2,101,765	28,780	7,300
Unemployed	182,775	174,265	2,140	855
Not in the labour force	1,292,590	1,192,310	17,785	4,795
Participation rate	64.6	65.6	63.5	62.9
Employment rate	59.5	60.6	59.1	56.3
Unemployment rate	7.8	7.7	6.9	10.5
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,925	8,155
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	48,930	46,570	490	370
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	2,305,315	2,229,465	30,430	7,785
Employee	1,996,990	1,932,410	25,795	6,630
Self-employed	308,325	297,055	4,635	1,160
Self-employed (incorporated)	109,280	105,475	1,540	410
Without paid help	43,010	41,565	655	95
With paid help	66,275	63,915	880	310
Self-employed (unincorporated)	192,500	185,335	3,065	725
Without paid help	137,665	133,045	2,275	530
With paid help	54,835	52,290	790	195
Unpaid family worker	6,550	6,240	35	25
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,925	8,155
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	48,930	46,570	490	365
All occupations^Footnote 62	2,305,315	2,229,465	30,430	7,785
0 Management occupations	263,680	255,120	3,940	935
00 Senior management occupations	24,175	23,275	435	50
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	89,905	87,385	1,455	355
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	92,520	89,380	1,270	370
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	57,085	55,085	780	160
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	368,980	360,585	4,305	1,320
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	71,700	70,065	830	305
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	119,755	116,985	1,450	470
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	31,025	30,410	350	80
14 Office support occupations	104,485	102,140	1,180	350
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	42,005	40,990	500	115
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	154,055	150,055	2,265	865
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	81,235	78,750	1,460	600
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	72,820	71,310	805	265
3 Health occupations	147,615	144,610	1,825	430
30 Professional occupations in nursing	40,520	39,800	455	115
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	31,705	30,930	505	195
32 Technical occupations in health	40,575	39,605	575	80
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	34,815	34,270	295	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	265,910	258,095	5,100	1,105
40 Professional occupations in education services	87,365	84,255	2,195	505
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	60,835	59,430	930	210
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	51,330	49,965	750	240
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	19,975	19,190	705	45
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	46,405	45,250	530	105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	78,570	76,325	1,405	370
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	28,935	27,950	645	130
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	49,635	48,375	760	245
6 Sales and service occupations	554,350	532,470	5,965	1,940
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	43,935	43,030	465	140
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	81,405	75,605	1,055	215
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	118,620	115,425	1,120	365
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	114,845	110,815	1,615	535
66 Sales support occupations	69,610	67,505	455	225
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	125,925	120,090	1,250	460
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	337,140	327,125	4,215	630
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	128,110	123,970	2,000	255
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	63,250	61,920	760	100
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	35,915	34,615	330	95
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	83,385	81,160	795	105
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	26,470	25,465	330	80
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60,290	55,845	715	80
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	16,495	16,065	245	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	18,510	16,525	190	45
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	25,290	23,255	280	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	74,720	69,235	690	115
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	12,750	12,410	215	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	27,415	24,980	255	50
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	13,280	12,600	80	10
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	21,280	19,245	135	50
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	2,354,245	2,276,030	30,920	8,160
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	48,930	46,570	490	365
All industries^Footnote 65	2,305,320	2,229,465	30,430	7,785
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	61,215	56,515	675	150
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25,450	25,000	360	25
22 Utilities	13,215	12,945	140	80
23 Construction	181,515	175,625	2,490	420
31-33 Manufacturing	148,815	141,115	1,755	355
41 Wholesale trade	90,560	87,035	1,055	210
44-45 Retail trade	266,265	259,065	2,365	820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	118,670	115,220	1,630	275
51 Information and cultural industries	62,235	60,540	1,030	280
52 Finance and insurance	91,790	89,925	865	340
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	54,845	53,425	515	195
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	179,355	174,485	2,535	1,115
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,440	2,315	35	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	98,890	94,770	1,430	425
61 Educational services	167,875	162,685	3,425	810
62 Health care and social assistance	249,030	243,770	3,060	740
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	56,920	55,710	750	130
72 Accommodation and food services	179,625	169,990	2,125	700
81 Other services (except public administration)	112,750	109,190	1,260	335
91 Public administration	143,875	140,135	2,930	380
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	2,171,470	2,101,765	28,785	7,300
Usual place of work	1,680,525	1,629,460	21,785	5,585
Work in CSD of residence	824,245	797,985	10,895	2,405
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	769,295	746,810	9,750	2,975
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	74,820	72,875	910	115
Work in a different province	12,165	11,785	225	80
Worked at home	174,005	168,400	2,655	710
Worked outside Canada	12,480	10,725	120	130
No fixed workplace address	304,460	293,180	4,230	875
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	1,984,990	1,922,635	26,015	6,460
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,415,740	1,376,830	17,680	3,610
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	110,695	105,105	875	335
Public transit	250,450	239,690	3,510	1,775
Walked	132,205	127,700	2,330	465
Bicycle	42,260	40,855	1,040	170
Other methods	33,635	32,455	575	105
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	2,529,750	2,443,610	33,310	8,755
English	2,416,850	2,371,035	29,435	7,550
French	5,395	2,465	2,665	265
Non-official language	76,920	43,455	55	385
Aboriginal	185	180	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	76,735	43,275	60	380
English and French	3,060	1,775	1,075	205
English and non-official language	27,100	24,625	35	230
French and non-official language	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	395	235	45	110
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	2,529,755	2,443,610	33,305	8,755
None	2,386,455	2,318,595	23,935	6,770
English	28,865	23,050	1,835	340
French	21,425	13,840	7,130	455
Non-official language	89,715	85,340	210	980
Aboriginal	1,525	1,525	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	88,185	83,815	210	975
English and French	25	25	0	0
English and non-official language	810	680	10	35
French and non-official language	2,415	2,075	160	165
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	3,646,840	3,468,345	48,705	12,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	607,655	539,540	7,165	2,045
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	1,009,400	967,570	9,800	2,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	2,029,785	1,961,230	31,735	8,435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	387,455	376,610	6,540	645
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	194,475	188,460	3,520	335
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	192,980	188,155	3,020	305
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	628,120	610,000	9,710	1,375
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	208,245	199,310	2,815	775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	805,965	775,310	12,680	5,635
Bachelor's degree	511,240	493,220	6,825	2,860
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80,405	76,955	1,490	565
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	23,750	22,775	355	185
Master's degree	159,005	152,430	3,190	1,500
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	31,560	29,925	815	525
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	2,029,785	1,961,230	31,740	8,435
Education	149,980	144,710	2,800	425
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	89,235	86,315	1,460	355
Humanities	120,340	114,965	2,010	820
Social and behavioural sciences and law	209,655	202,310	3,255	1,250
Business, management and public administration	412,335	398,295	6,265	1,755
Physical and life sciences and technologies	79,975	76,800	1,415	635
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	72,700	70,180	945	405
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	421,115	407,045	6,355	1,510
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	49,275	47,790	740	170
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	308,880	300,290	4,345	875
Personal, protective and transportation services	116,020	112,270	2,150	225
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	270	255	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	2,029,785	1,961,235	31,740	8,435
Inside Canada	1,570,335	1,537,465	26,715	3,345
Newfoundland and Labrador	4,845	4,785	45	0
Prince Edward Island	1,130	1,085	40	0
Nova Scotia	14,270	14,015	230	15
New Brunswick	5,970	5,335	630	0
Quebec	29,245	20,835	7,915	435
Ontario	130,465	126,400	3,585	245
Manitoba	33,220	32,320	795	25
Saskatchewan	34,000	33,420	530	20
Alberta	110,445	108,655	1,550	150
British Columbia	1,205,290	1,189,240	11,310	2,430
Yukon	1,050	1,035	0	0
Northwest Territories	310	260	0	0
Nunavut	105	80	0	0
Outside Canada	459,445	423,765	5,030	5,090
Total population in private households by visible minority	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,135	16,640
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	1,180,870	1,038,380	4,025	10,560
South Asian^Footnote 83	313,440	275,120	600	2,105
Chinese	438,145	359,325	580	3,035
Black	33,260	31,600	1,220	220
Filipino	126,035	125,035	65	190
Latin American	35,465	32,685	270	1,385
Arab	14,090	12,050	470	770
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	51,970	46,970	285	660
West Asian^Footnote 85	38,960	35,100	110	1,215
Korean	53,770	47,745	20	610
Japanese	38,120	36,710	125	140
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	6,460	6,205	125	60
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	31,160	29,840	160	175
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	3,143,585	3,084,035	48,100	6,085
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	4,324,455	4,122,420	52,130	16,640
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	2,264,155	2,095,740	27,780	13,285
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	2,060,300	2,026,680	24,345	3,355
Canadian - Total responses	826,340	806,835	16,945	510
Canadian - Single responses	314,645	308,265	5,495	125
Canadian - Multiple responses	511,695	498,565	11,445	390
English- Total responses	1,199,955	1,196,260	3,140	280
English - Single responses	231,785	231,570	175	0
English - Multiple responses	968,170	964,690	2,960	280
French - Total responses	369,100	331,615	36,580	730
French - Single responses	35,210	19,215	15,975	25
French - Multiple responses	333,890	312,400	20,615	710
Scottish - Total responses	833,290	830,690	2,360	130
Scottish - Single responses	83,940	83,810	105	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	749,350	746,880	2,255	125
Irish - Total responses	643,470	638,935	4,295	135
Irish - Single responses	48,380	48,245	135	0
Irish - Multiple responses	595,085	590,690	4,160	130
German - Total responses	567,670	564,470	1,825	775
German - Single responses	102,350	101,615	120	325
German - Multiple responses	465,315	462,855	1,700	455
Italian - Total responses	150,660	147,335	2,135	555
Italian - Single responses	44,310	43,190	330	225
Italian - Multiple responses	106,350	104,150	1,810	330
Chinese - Total responses	464,805	386,695	700	3,130
Chinese - Single responses	395,945	320,435	405	2,805
Chinese - Multiple responses	68,860	66,265	305	325
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	202,530	200,140	2,225	75
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	76,255	75,995	190	0
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	126,275	124,140	2,035	75
Ukrainian - Total responses	203,585	202,210	430	450
Ukrainian - Single responses	33,985	33,660	60	105
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	169,600	168,555	375	345
East Indian - Total responses	274,065	240,210	620	1,775
East Indian - Single responses	233,905	202,420	355	1,490
East Indian - Multiple responses	40,155	37,790	255	280
Dutch - Total responses	204,695	203,655	565	340
Dutch - Single responses	54,095	53,795	50	220
Dutch - Multiple responses	150,600	149,860	520	120
Polish- Total responses	133,510	131,930	665	490
Polish - Single responses	23,345	22,755	70	280
Polish - Multiple responses	110,160	109,175	595	210
Filipino - Total responses	135,990	134,855	105	200
Filipino - Single responses	98,585	97,705	35	135
Filipino - Multiple responses	37,410	37,150	75	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	107,925	107,480	360	55
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	25,495	25,490	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	82,430	81,995	350	55
Russian- Total responses	120,835	119,115	260	620
Russian - Single responses	21,235	20,605	20	245
Russian - Multiple responses	99,605	98,505	240	380
Welsh - Total responses	107,780	107,565	185	0
Welsh - Single responses	6,520	6,515	0	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	101,260	101,055	180	0
Norwegian - Total responses	134,425	134,180	175	50
Norwegian - Single responses	13,540	13,530	0	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	120,885	120,650	170	50
Métis - Total responses	70,200	68,050	2,090	30
Métis - Single responses	7,580	7,355	225	0
Métis - Multiple responses	62,615	60,695	1,865	25
Portuguese - Total responses	36,545	35,485	240	260
Portuguese - Single responses	15,430	14,670	90	185
Portuguese - Multiple responses	21,115	20,810	150	75
American - Total responses	77,955	77,445	450	40
American - Single responses	6,320	6,270	45	0
American - Multiple responses	71,635	71,175	405	40
Spanish - Total responses	60,170	57,715	1,015	895
Spanish - Single responses	7,725	7,115	130	275
Spanish - Multiple responses	52,445	50,600	875	625
Swedish - Total responses	106,085	105,940	90	35
Swedish - Single responses	8,605	8,595	0	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	97,480	97,340	90	30
Hungarian - Total responses	51,030	50,495	215	210
Hungarian - Single responses	11,620	11,395	45	95
Hungarian - Multiple responses	39,405	39,100	170	120
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,710	12,950
Without income	182,580	173,185	1,325	1,780
With income	3,464,260	3,295,155	47,380	11,170
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	401,215	377,330	3,330	2,130
$5,000 to $9,999	244,710	230,430	2,675	1,150
$10,000 to $14,999	333,325	301,935	4,150	1,095
$15,000 to $19,999	332,735	304,350	5,205	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	470,255	446,965	6,340	1,345
$30,000 to $39,999	404,860	390,410	5,885	1,260
$40,000 to $49,999	338,600	328,660	4,780	895
$50,000 to $59,999	253,215	246,680	3,655	510
$60,000 to $79,999	330,590	322,545	5,270	735
$80,000 to $99,999	169,190	165,155	2,830	425
$100,000 and over	185,580	180,705	3,255	615
$100,000 to $124,999	89,525	87,175	1,595	310
$125,000 and over	96,060	93,530	1,660	310
Median income $^Footnote 97	28,765	29,649	33,312	21,073
Average income $^Footnote 98	39,415	40,033	44,495	34,204
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,710	12,950
Without after-tax income	183,000	173,515	1,370	1,770
With after-tax income	3,463,840	3,294,825	47,340	11,180
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	408,880	384,650	3,490	2,155
$5,000 to $9,999	248,910	234,535	2,705	1,140
$10,000 to $14,999	340,505	308,725	4,230	1,130
$15,000 to $19,999	352,160	323,100	5,365	1,055
$20,000 to $29,999	539,910	514,585	7,445	1,590
$30,000 to $39,999	474,000	458,110	7,005	1,340
$40,000 to $49,999	367,820	357,800	5,050	910
$50,000 to $59,999	253,315	246,880	4,020	570
$60,000 to $79,999	285,610	278,685	4,720	675
$80,000 to $99,999	101,395	98,850	1,740	325
$100,000 and over	91,325	88,910	1,570	290
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	26,842	27,512	30,665	20,527
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	33,758	34,242	37,643	29,839
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	3,646,840	3,468,340	48,710	12,950
With employment income	2,514,725	2,430,185	33,730	8,185
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	30,085	30,439	35,238	24,183
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	40,005	40,232	44,093	37,015
With wages and salaries	2,301,395	2,225,000	30,410	7,540
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	31,955	32,232	36,796	25,776
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	40,962	41,189	45,308	37,513
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	2,354,245	2,276,035	30,920	8,155
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	1,153,415	1,120,130	15,415	3,550
All others^Footnote 109	1,200,830	1,155,905	15,505	4,600

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011043.