Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (730), First Official Language Spoken (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , first official language spoken , age groups and sex for the population in Montréal^{Footnote 1}
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 19.7 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (730)	First official language spoken (4)
	Total population in private households by first official language spoken^Footnote 3	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,420	209,800
0 to 4 years	223,175	36,275	164,010	5,650
5 to 9 years	201,450	37,370	153,565	9,170
10 to 14 years	207,795	39,300	154,715	13,445
15 to 19 years	241,230	47,525	176,210	17,190
20 to 24 years	250,455	54,055	178,490	17,085
25 to 29 years	255,810	55,770	181,185	17,730
30 to 34 years	276,380	54,255	200,645	20,480
35 to 39 years	265,470	55,570	186,815	21,620
40 to 44 years	271,975	59,225	191,575	19,230
45 to 49 years	299,655	62,185	219,370	15,500
50 to 54 years	292,700	54,865	222,225	12,845
55 to 59 years	247,400	45,610	188,090	10,635
60 to 64 years	214,030	41,000	160,330	9,240
65 to 69 years	168,720	29,580	129,090	6,565
70 to 74 years	124,000	23,225	91,220	5,365
75 to 79 years	99,790	19,695	71,220	4,245
80 to 84 years	68,170	13,695	47,545	2,555
85 years and over	44,280	11,225	28,125	1,250
Median age^Footnote 4	39.1	39.2	39.3	36.1
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 5	3,120,060	627,475	2,272,125	181,525
Married or living with a common-law partner	1,717,905	345,265	1,244,355	105,345
Married (and not separated)	1,164,550	293,775	750,430	98,295
Living common law	553,355	51,490	493,925	7,055
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	1,402,150	282,210	1,027,770	76,185
Single (never legally married)	978,025	198,725	716,665	59,765
Separated	53,955	12,095	37,570	3,180
Divorced	224,280	42,780	170,180	9,040
Widowed	145,885	28,610	103,355	4,195
Total population in private households by mother tongue	3,752,470	740,420	2,744,415	209,795
Single responses	3,668,325	711,885	2,695,270	203,325
English	434,625	432,865	1,765	0
French	2,371,080	1,180	2,369,905	0
Non-official languages	862,615	277,845	323,600	203,325
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	320	240	70	10
Cree, n.o.s.	120	105	15	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	25	0	25	0
Inuktitut	165	135	35	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	746,980	243,375	276,635	176,710
Arabic	127,565	16,805	75,020	29,320
Bengali	10,820	5,790	735	3,240
Cantonese	10,390	4,190	1,665	2,270
Chinese, n.o.s.	39,790	16,855	7,070	9,300
Creoles	56,130	1,780	46,365	6,605
Dutch	2,125	1,470	420	235
German	10,525	7,465	1,820	1,160
Greek	41,360	28,845	1,450	8,055
Gujarati	6,005	3,565	505	1,300
Hindi	2,825	2,005	65	570
Hungarian	5,835	3,705	950	955
Italian	110,530	58,095	28,430	18,650
Korean	4,505	2,425	390	1,265
Mandarin	10,510	5,210	1,550	2,540
Panjabi (Punjabi)	11,335	6,870	380	2,575
Persian (Farsi)	18,265	6,480	3,670	6,590
Polish	13,630	6,780	2,925	3,490
Portuguese	29,030	6,935	13,805	6,670
Romanian	27,565	2,600	10,980	12,820
Russian	23,230	6,395	6,720	8,325
Serbian	1,540	575	395	520
Spanish	109,035	12,870	57,375	31,615
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	16,350	14,065	220	1,880
Tamil	16,690	9,350	1,210	4,570
Ukrainian	3,920	2,100	785	905
Urdu	9,085	5,805	530	1,855
Vietnamese	28,395	4,340	11,175	9,410
Other languages^Footnote 8	115,320	34,225	46,900	26,615
Multiple responses	84,150	28,535	49,145	6,470
English and French	14,030	3,900	5,110	5,020
English and non-official language	23,980	23,730	255	0
French and non-official language	43,435	290	43,150	0
English, French and non-official language	2,700	615	635	1,450
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 9	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,420	209,800
English only	272,925	272,925	0	0
French only	1,379,785	0	1,379,785	0
English and French	2,039,400	466,635	1,363,045	209,715
Neither English nor French	60,365	855	1,590	75
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,415	209,800
Single responses	3,606,640	695,075	2,655,885	197,845
English	609,020	559,555	49,465	0
French	2,497,750	32,260	2,465,495	0
Non-official languages	499,875	103,260	140,930	197,840
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 10	65	45	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	30	30	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	20	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	15	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	439,285	90,800	125,275	172,740
Arabic	70,890	7,900	27,775	28,785
Bengali	8,905	4,135	505	3,210
Cantonese	8,025	2,660	780	2,275
Chinese, n.o.s.	33,015	12,320	4,955	9,160
Creoles	23,545	415	15,400	6,345
Dutch	325	125	25	175
German	1,915	805	75	965
Greek	21,130	9,820	405	7,890
Gujarati	4,090	2,065	150	1,250
Hindi	1,640	830	30	585
Hungarian	2,075	845	195	815
Italian	39,575	2,265	14,685	17,295
Korean	3,465	1,670	130	1,245
Mandarin	9,100	4,230	1,075	2,605
Panjabi (Punjabi)	8,590	4,490	185	2,465
Persian (Farsi)	13,795	3,660	2,090	6,500
Polish	6,240	1,735	680	3,395
Portuguese	14,140	855	5,415	6,270
Romanian	20,705	765	6,080	12,720
Russian	18,225	3,550	4,320	8,505
Serbian	885	185	125	525
Spanish	74,815	4,325	31,835	31,445
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,550	7,420	65	1,865
Tamil	13,855	6,990	855	4,440
Ukrainian	1,745	485	340	800
Urdu	6,305	3,240	265	1,860
Vietnamese	22,720	3,010	6,835	9,345
Other languages^Footnote 12	60,520	12,420	15,645	25,090
Multiple responses	145,830	45,340	88,535	11,955
English and French	19,555	3,875	8,485	7,195
English and non-official language	40,990	39,625	1,370	0
French and non-official language	78,440	1,055	77,385	0
English, French and non-official language	6,845	790	1,295	4,760
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	3,752,470	740,415	2,744,420	209,795
None	2,922,635	478,180	2,296,140	95,075
English	277,930	55,410	189,025	32,630
French	246,935	92,390	98,415	54,050
Non-official language	242,885	95,495	141,575	4,445
Aboriginal	285	195	80	0
Non-Aboriginal	242,600	95,305	141,495	4,435
English and French	25,465	1,135	1,905	22,220
English and non-official language	17,140	1,140	15,575	400
French and non-official language	18,770	16,595	1,765	365
English, French and non-official language	710	70	25	610
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 13	1,200,390	371,470	565,525	205,550
Aboriginal languages	915	570	330	10
Algonquin	35	0	25	0
Atikamekw	20	0	20	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 14	200	160	40	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	60	0	55	0
Ojibway	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	260	220	45	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 15	295	170	125	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,199,590	370,960	565,250	205,540
Italian	166,335	83,755	55,525	21,650
Portuguese	39,585	10,115	20,425	7,410
Romanian	31,440	3,615	13,120	13,525
Spanish	248,895	37,290	165,975	38,245
Dutch	3,590	2,060	1,245	280
Flemish	475	160	310	0
German	31,940	15,280	13,540	3,035
Yiddish	13,515	9,655	160	2,025
Danish	440	370	50	25
Norwegian	575	400	165	15
Swedish	1,320	795	375	150
Afrikaans	295	265	25	0
Gaelic languages	270	210	40	0
Bosnian	545	160	220	120
Bulgarian	6,240	870	2,160	2,925
Croatian	2,170	1,220	455	450
Czech	1,570	920	400	235
Macedonian	355	95	90	165
Polish	16,395	8,205	4,080	3,670
Russian	35,790	9,665	12,130	11,875
Serbian	1,900	755	520	575
Serbo-Croatian	1,010	345	340	295
Slovak	1,040	750	195	85
Slovenian	895	785	60	35
Ukrainian	6,315	3,080	1,420	1,590
Latvian	400	350	0	50
Lithuanian	745	495	155	75
Greek	51,755	36,110	4,145	8,475
Armenian	18,405	5,765	3,500	8,235
Albanian	2,590	640	1,155	625
Estonian	205	165	0	15
Finnish	475	290	160	25
Hungarian	7,460	4,740	1,285	1,205
Turkish	10,360	2,725	4,080	2,770
Berber languages (Kabyle)	6,610	35	5,840	600
Oromo	8,650	105	7,360	940
Somali	690	90	410	140
Amharic	845	410	160	230
Arabic	193,425	25,390	127,415	33,830
Hebrew	18,865	11,965	4,660	2,050
Maltese	20	15	0	0
Tigrigna	300	170	50	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	155	75	20	55
Bengali	12,095	6,740	1,045	3,255
Gujarati	7,385	4,715	720	1,330
Hindi	12,810	9,350	570	2,370
Konkani	195	185	0	0
Marathi	200	180	0	10
Panjabi (Punjabi)	14,355	9,375	520	2,895
Sindhi	330	180	100	55
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,050	850	25	150
Urdu	14,040	9,340	865	2,685
Nepali	510	265	35	165
Kurdish	740	140	275	260
Pashto	1,255	465	265	380
Persian (Farsi)	21,185	7,765	4,635	7,195
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	905	510	205	110
Kannada	375	315	0	50
Malayalam	305	285	0	20
Tamil	19,210	11,160	1,835	4,655
Telugu	535	470	30	0
Japanese	4,630	2,215	1,740	545
Korean	5,080	2,830	535	1,290
Cantonese	13,410	5,785	2,500	2,705
Fukien	100	95	0	0
Hakka	195	85	75	40
Mandarin	16,020	7,835	3,190	3,235
Taiwanese	825	445	45	175
Chinese, n.o.s.	44,235	18,415	9,260	9,880
Lao	5,255	350	3,500	1,000
Thai	1,475	535	545	325
Khmer (Cambodian)	11,210	1,075	7,005	1,815
Vietnamese	35,340	5,545	15,415	10,205
Bisayan languages	1,025	910	35	70
Ilocano	1,835	1,630	0	125
Malay	1,325	960	190	120
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	24,600	21,705	470	2,175
Akan (Twi)	1,555	1,130	135	280
Lingala	5,970	30	5,725	190
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,775	55	1,555	150
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	1,815	100	1,535	145
Swahili	2,930	360	2,280	265
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	3,095	520	2,405	155
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	7,455	725	6,375	250
African languages, n.i.e.	1,615	290	1,190	130
Creoles	95,005	3,985	82,865	6,750
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 16	17,085	2,855	11,845	1,770
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 17	3,708,305	733,985	2,712,855	208,980
Non-movers	3,238,990	641,125	2,372,845	180,990
Movers	469,315	92,865	340,010	27,995
Non-migrants	272,190	56,445	194,315	17,295
Migrants	197,130	36,415	145,690	10,700
Internal migrants	150,790	24,530	119,975	5,295
Intraprovincial migrants	139,935	17,645	116,760	4,725
Interprovincial migrants	10,855	6,890	3,210	570
External migrants	46,340	11,885	25,720	5,405
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 18	3,529,300	704,145	2,580,410	204,140
Non-movers	2,107,030	431,525	1,542,160	108,585
Movers	1,422,270	272,620	1,038,245	95,560
Non-migrants	756,770	149,715	551,820	48,340
Migrants	665,500	122,910	486,425	47,225
Internal migrants	475,900	76,140	380,870	17,195
Intraprovincial migrants	442,525	54,720	370,665	15,670
Interprovincial migrants	33,375	21,420	10,205	1,520
External migrants	189,600	46,770	105,555	30,025
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 19	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,415	209,800
Canadian citizens	3,464,175	662,745	2,592,875	166,230
Canadian citizens only	3,294,750	623,070	2,500,495	133,710
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	169,430	39,675	92,380	32,515
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 20	288,295	77,675	151,540	43,570
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 21	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,415	209,795
Non-immigrants^Footnote 22	2,847,210	473,425	2,308,310	48,980
Born in province of residence	2,728,125	408,410	2,256,555	47,045
Born outside province of residence	119,085	65,015	51,755	1,935
Immigrants^Footnote 23	846,645	245,475	407,480	154,965
Americas	189,655	43,920	110,775	30,305
United States	18,475	12,430	5,025	960
Jamaica	5,070	5,050	20	0
Guyana	2,555	2,545	0	0
Haiti	65,140	1,060	58,570	4,405
Mexico	12,820	2,160	6,275	3,760
Trinidad and Tobago	4,305	4,285	0	0
Colombia	12,840	1,455	6,675	4,100
El Salvador	8,830	825	4,830	2,780
Peru	10,555	795	6,440	2,800
Chile	7,105	545	4,915	1,465
Other places of birth in Americas	41,955	12,770	18,000	10,030
Europe	250,855	77,845	112,685	49,140
United Kingdom^Footnote 24	11,740	11,285	305	130
Italy	55,385	15,060	22,020	13,370
Germany	7,120	4,715	1,690	705
Poland	10,675	5,565	2,350	2,405
Portugal	16,205	3,160	8,835	2,975
Netherlands	1,640	1,250	255	130
France	46,540	880	45,325	285
Romania	23,650	3,145	8,830	11,305
Russian Federation	10,060	3,515	2,950	3,150
Greece	20,280	13,275	795	3,605
Ukraine	6,395	1,935	1,845	2,300
Croatia	1,320	765	275	250
Hungary	4,040	2,940	535	430
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,425	455	530	385
Serbia	1,050	450	255	325
Ireland, Republic of	815	765	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	32,525	8,675	15,840	7,370
Africa	157,860	13,915	123,530	18,935
Morocco	43,790	1,030	36,165	6,055
Algeria	43,545	440	38,690	4,110
Egypt	16,485	4,650	8,160	3,410
South Africa, Republic of	605	545	40	0
Nigeria	1,055	940	80	25
Ethiopia	760	370	170	210
Kenya	655	480	110	60
Other places of birth in Africa	50,960	5,450	40,110	5,050
Asia	247,270	109,000	60,310	56,565
India	16,535	12,370	455	2,345
China^Footnote 25	37,975	17,475	6,655	7,415
Philippines	21,790	19,190	415	1,980
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	4,700	2,980	245	995
Viet Nam^Footnote 26	25,370	4,170	10,235	7,410
Pakistan	8,810	5,985	525	1,735
Sri Lanka	12,155	8,270	525	2,280
Iran^Footnote 27	10,885	4,960	1,460	3,965
Korea, South^Footnote 28	3,825	1,945	615	955
Lebanon	35,440	6,060	18,210	9,890
Taiwan	2,605	1,370	500	485
Iraq	3,155	1,660	425	715
Bangladesh	7,880	5,115	355	1,890
Afghanistan	4,915	1,000	1,455	1,900
Japan	1,465	855	310	270
Turkey	6,790	1,940	2,390	1,850
Other places of birth in Asia	42,965	13,650	15,535	10,495
Oceania and other^Footnote 29	1,005	800	180	25
Fiji	60	55	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 30	945	745	175	20
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 31	58,620	21,515	28,625	5,850
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 32	189,730	41,325	106,900	32,720
Americas	46,355	8,455	26,165	9,550
United States	4,720	2,880	1,450	330
Mexico	7,030	1,195	3,455	1,860
Cuba	1,405	145	795	355
Haiti	13,715	375	11,870	1,100
Jamaica	160	155	0	0
Brazil	2,715	335	1,125	1,200
Colombia	6,400	645	3,250	2,135
Guyana	105	105	0	0
Peru	2,705	200	1,505	815
Venezuela^Footnote 33	1,695	280	550	785
Other places of birth in Americas	5,700	2,145	2,155	970
Europe	33,415	5,130	20,530	6,600
France	11,885	125	11,665	50
Germany	550	185	255	110
Poland	310	140	90	50
Romania	4,820	525	1,980	2,125
Moldova^Footnote 34	4,025	295	2,220	1,365
Russian Federation	2,495	790	895	620
Ukraine	2,010	400	715	725
United Kingdom^Footnote 35	1,040	955	65	0
Other places of birth in Europe	6,280	1,720	2,650	1,560
Africa	61,105	3,530	49,860	6,720
Nigeria	425	395	15	0
Ethiopia	150	95	10	45
Mauritius	1,735	175	1,215	340
Somalia	45	25	0	0
Algeria	18,860	200	16,800	1,580
Egypt	2,860	1,145	900	690
Morocco	16,365	180	13,305	2,515
Tunisia	3,370	50	2,475	765
Cameroon	2,865	280	2,570	20
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	1,820	0	1,700	100
South Africa, Republic of	100	85	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	12,510	880	10,845	660
Asia	48,655	24,070	10,285	9,845
Philippines	6,865	5,900	130	795
China^Footnote 36	10,245	4,630	2,115	2,050
India	3,190	2,195	100	530
Pakistan	1,960	1,295	135	335
Iran^Footnote 37	2,860	1,310	340	1,050
South Korea^Footnote 38	970	505	150	245
Sri Lanka	2,005	1,400	145	235
Iraq	885	320	215	75
Bangladesh	1,495	1,020	90	230
Lebanon	6,070	905	3,490	1,515
Viet Nam^Footnote 39	1,425	330	625	205
Taiwan	350	230	65	45
Afghanistan	1,350	385	245	525
Japan	570	300	95	155
Turkey	1,130	465	285	215
Israel	950	355	260	250
Nepal	115	50	0	50
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	130	95	0	0
United Arab Emirates	265	155	55	50
Saudi Arabia	585	390	120	65
Syria^Footnote 40	1,375	450	460	305
Other places of birth in Asia	3,875	1,385	1,130	910
Oceania and other^Footnote 41	205	145	55	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 42	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,415	209,795
Non-immigrants^Footnote 43	2,847,210	473,425	2,308,310	48,985
Immigrants^Footnote 44	846,645	245,475	407,480	154,965
Before 1971	133,400	60,320	46,270	19,410
1971 to 1980	100,720	32,665	48,875	15,240
1981 to 1990	117,070	32,885	55,160	22,015
1991 to 2000	172,410	48,795	80,535	34,895
2001 to 2011^Footnote 45	323,035	70,805	176,640	63,405
2001 to 2005	133,305	29,480	69,745	30,690
2006 to 2011^Footnote 46	189,730	41,325	106,895	32,715
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 47	58,620	21,515	28,630	5,845
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 48	3,752,475	740,415	2,744,415	209,795
First generation^Footnote 49	913,715	270,110	440,870	161,220
Second generation^Footnote 50	566,910	234,395	272,860	44,350
Third generation or more^Footnote 51	2,271,845	235,915	2,030,685	4,225
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	3,752,470	740,420	2,744,420	209,795
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 52	26,285	5,220	20,790	260
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 53	14,750	3,200	11,350	195
Métis single identity	8,840	1,170	7,640	30
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	900	520	370	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 54	395	90	300	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 55	1,400	240	1,125	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,726,190	735,195	2,723,625	209,540
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 56	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,420	209,795
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 57	6,685	2,060	4,560	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,745,785	738,360	2,739,855	209,740
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 58	3,120,055	627,470	2,272,125	181,530
In the labour force	2,056,135	407,320	1,519,660	120,360
Employed	1,897,610	370,770	1,412,865	106,965
Unemployed	158,520	36,555	106,795	13,390
Not in the labour force	1,063,920	220,155	752,465	61,170
Participation rate	65.9	64.9	66.9	66.3
Employment rate	60.8	59.1	62.2	58.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	9.0	7.0	11.1
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	2,056,135	407,325	1,519,660	120,360
Class of Worker - Not applicable^Footnote 59	61,420	13,640	40,530	6,205
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 60	1,994,720	393,685	1,479,130	114,155
Employee	1,784,540	346,245	1,330,800	100,770
Self-employed	210,180	47,435	148,330	13,390
Self-employed (incorporated)	80,190	18,615	55,955	5,280
Without paid help	38,685	7,595	28,390	2,540
With paid help	41,505	11,025	27,560	2,745
Self-employed (unincorporated)	126,540	27,995	90,125	7,815
Without paid help	98,150	19,860	72,350	5,545
With paid help	28,390	8,135	17,780	2,270
Unpaid family worker	3,445	825	2,255	295
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	2,056,135	407,320	1,519,660	120,355
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 61	61,420	13,635	40,530	6,200
All occupations^Footnote 62	1,994,720	393,685	1,479,125	114,160
0 Management occupations	216,750	51,735	152,965	11,535
00 Senior management occupations	38,630	8,685	28,570	1,310
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	77,970	18,500	56,150	3,235
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	69,865	16,845	47,360	5,390
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	30,285	7,710	20,885	1,590
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	364,530	74,675	270,620	18,645
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	78,385	17,000	57,120	4,205
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	129,850	24,325	99,890	5,440
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	17,365	4,165	11,955	1,235
14 Office support occupations	91,870	20,520	65,595	5,560
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	47,065	8,670	36,060	2,210
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	161,380	33,245	113,915	14,045
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	94,205	21,020	64,155	8,955
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	67,170	12,225	49,760	5,090
3 Health occupations	127,455	19,985	100,070	7,250
30 Professional occupations in nursing	32,040	4,735	25,775	1,520
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	28,335	5,495	20,680	2,145
32 Technical occupations in health	35,525	4,720	28,675	2,075
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	31,555	5,030	24,945	1,510
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	234,615	46,505	177,885	9,890
40 Professional occupations in education services	88,525	20,145	64,360	3,950
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	50,905	10,365	38,860	1,625
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	57,615	8,175	46,360	2,990
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	13,630	1,370	12,005	250
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	23,940	6,450	16,300	1,080
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	77,420	16,915	57,635	2,775
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	30,215	7,195	22,030	955
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	47,210	9,720	35,605	1,815
6 Sales and service occupations	485,335	100,960	348,115	32,885
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	45,200	10,365	32,290	2,460
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	65,275	14,700	43,530	5,515
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	104,770	22,620	75,515	6,425
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	108,710	22,820	77,410	8,235
66 Sales support occupations	66,715	11,100	51,210	4,165
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	94,665	19,360	68,160	6,075
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	229,590	32,360	185,415	11,115
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	77,095	9,670	64,285	2,945
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	48,335	6,505	39,545	2,155
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	27,800	5,395	21,165	1,075
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	59,760	8,870	46,625	4,135
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	16,595	1,935	13,795	800
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	12,200	2,100	9,555	450
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,770	235	1,455	80
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	2,900	265	2,420	155
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	7,535	1,600	5,680	220
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	85,440	15,195	62,955	5,565
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	11,290	1,255	9,355	670
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	30,660	6,180	21,165	2,260
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	21,520	3,870	16,165	1,310
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	21,975	3,890	16,270	1,325
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 63	2,056,135	407,320	1,519,660	120,355
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 64	61,420	13,640	40,530	6,200
All industries^Footnote 65	1,994,720	393,685	1,479,125	114,155
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	8,905	1,000	7,465	360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,405	400	1,885	125
22 Utilities	16,510	765	15,330	410
23 Construction	99,550	13,375	82,470	3,555
31-33 Manufacturing	213,660	43,285	154,650	13,670
41 Wholesale trade	105,935	29,925	69,425	6,205
44-45 Retail trade	242,920	43,155	184,090	14,905
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	97,585	21,980	68,965	6,420
51 Information and cultural industries	70,025	13,545	52,720	3,685
52 Finance and insurance	94,380	20,160	68,405	5,720
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	36,625	8,815	25,570	2,145
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	178,740	40,960	126,135	11,380
55 Management of companies and enterprises	2,280	650	1,475	145
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	86,545	17,745	61,650	6,670
61 Educational services	153,030	34,525	111,490	6,855
62 Health care and social assistance	232,200	36,935	183,595	11,265
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	42,120	8,545	32,170	1,375
72 Accommodation and food services	121,235	30,255	78,400	10,625
81 Other services (except public administration)	87,875	17,880	64,775	4,770
91 Public administration	102,200	9,800	88,465	3,875
Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 66	1,897,615	370,770	1,412,860	106,965
Usual place of work	1,618,050	312,840	1,207,715	91,830
Work in CSD of residence	788,715	156,460	575,165	53,515
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	229,375	78,865	136,795	13,120
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	594,740	75,435	493,025	24,795
Work in a different province	5,225	2,080	2,725	395
Worked at home	112,635	25,970	80,245	5,740
Worked outside Canada	5,615	1,775	3,185	525
No fixed workplace address	161,315	30,180	121,720	8,870
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 67	1,779,360	343,025	1,329,435	100,695
Car, truck or van - as a driver	1,181,980	207,585	913,150	58,440
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	60,150	14,625	41,595	3,345
Public transit	395,685	90,490	270,950	31,885
Walked	95,160	20,755	68,800	5,250
Bicycle	31,070	5,970	24,130	940
Other methods	15,310	3,595	10,810	830
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 68	2,156,170	429,575	1,593,325	124,350
English	401,075	275,450	93,335	30,820
French	1,543,440	87,755	1,393,145	60,740
Non-official language	18,390	5,780	4,470	3,290
Aboriginal	20	15	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	18,370	5,765	4,475	3,285
English and French	177,215	55,060	96,225	25,700
English and non-official language	4,085	2,910	270	600
French and non-official language	3,790	240	2,780	550
English, French and non-official language	8,180	2,380	3,095	2,645
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 69	2,156,170	429,575	1,593,325	124,350
None	1,313,000	226,845	1,017,925	61,075
English	580,065	62,495	482,995	33,955
French	212,525	122,850	71,035	18,225
Non-official language	33,775	12,555	13,735	6,815
Aboriginal	105	80	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	33,670	12,475	13,720	6,805
English and French	1,125	400	180	510
English and non-official language	10,175	1,455	6,285	2,415
French and non-official language	5,445	2,960	1,155	1,330
English, French and non-official language	65	0	20	25
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 70	3,120,055	627,475	2,272,125	181,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	607,545	94,695	454,320	31,955
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 71	685,800	157,965	486,625	34,910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 72	1,826,715	374,815	1,331,175	114,665
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 73	406,625	52,490	336,615	15,950
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 74	286,760	34,885	239,940	10,880
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 75	119,860	17,605	96,675	5,070
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	512,805	106,760	377,915	26,820
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 76	172,940	34,210	126,730	11,040
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	734,350	181,350	489,915	60,860
Bachelor's degree	455,465	110,655	308,975	34,410
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	81,470	19,370	53,205	8,590
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	19,250	4,585	12,235	2,340
Master's degree	147,930	36,735	98,145	12,685
Earned doctorate^Footnote 77	30,230	9,995	17,340	2,830
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 78	1,826,715	374,815	1,331,175	114,665
Education	115,690	21,135	89,720	4,380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	97,125	21,740	70,955	4,175
Humanities	118,565	28,510	82,500	7,200
Social and behavioural sciences and law	201,735	51,100	136,900	13,035
Business, management and public administration	436,630	90,865	318,205	26,315
Physical and life sciences and technologies	75,860	20,585	48,285	6,805
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	88,965	20,315	60,255	8,140
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	357,255	63,825	265,170	26,715
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	19,935	3,125	15,415	1,290
Health and related fields^Footnote 79	209,635	38,535	158,200	12,300
Personal, protective and transportation services	105,055	15,055	85,345	4,305
Other fields of study^Footnote 80	255	20	225	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 81	1,826,715	374,815	1,331,170	114,670
Inside Canada	1,537,820	284,560	1,192,030	60,515
Newfoundland and Labrador	555	505	35	15
Prince Edward Island	340	260	70	0
Nova Scotia	3,200	2,640	520	45
New Brunswick	4,875	1,550	3,220	105
Quebec	1,485,305	255,470	1,170,165	58,975
Ontario	35,250	18,380	15,735	1,120
Manitoba	1,370	895	410	65
Saskatchewan	915	555	335	25
Alberta	2,230	1,600	565	55
British Columbia	3,680	2,680	900	90
Yukon	50	0	30	0
Northwest Territories	30	0	35	0
Nunavut	30	0	0	0
Outside Canada	288,895	90,250	139,145	54,155
Total population in private households by visible minority	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,415	209,795
Total visible minority population^Footnote 82	762,325	218,805	391,980	113,880
South Asian^Footnote 83	79,540	50,940	7,805	14,790
Chinese	74,375	33,585	16,895	14,335
Black	216,310	46,290	159,835	8,405
Filipino	30,215	26,860	890	2,185
Latin American	98,005	11,355	54,580	25,900
Arab	150,510	17,300	103,550	24,240
Southeast Asian^Footnote 84	59,430	10,240	31,370	12,565
West Asian^Footnote 85	21,830	7,350	5,485	7,300
Korean	5,915	3,165	1,055	1,270
Japanese	3,130	1,860	785	390
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 86	7,555	3,185	3,540	705
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 87	15,505	6,685	6,180	1,805
Not a visible minority^Footnote 88	2,990,150	521,615	2,352,440	95,915
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 89	3,752,475	740,420	2,744,420	209,795
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 90	2,655,010	463,380	1,963,630	176,795
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 91	1,097,465	277,035	780,790	33,000
Canadian - Total responses	1,677,935	126,790	1,544,385	5,345
Canadian - Single responses	1,085,020	44,970	1,037,865	1,525
Canadian - Multiple responses	592,915	81,825	506,515	3,820
English- Total responses	140,110	95,200	43,200	1,645
English - Single responses	22,110	17,615	4,360	140
English - Multiple responses	118,000	77,585	38,840	1,505
French - Total responses	945,535	69,920	871,160	4,060
French - Single responses	334,215	3,700	330,255	190
French - Multiple responses	611,325	66,225	540,905	3,865
Scottish - Total responses	114,245	70,500	43,030	685
Scottish - Single responses	12,875	7,100	5,765	0
Scottish - Multiple responses	101,370	63,405	37,265	670
Irish - Total responses	223,785	90,345	132,225	1,180
Irish - Single responses	35,875	10,905	24,890	80
Irish - Multiple responses	187,910	79,440	107,340	1,100
German - Total responses	78,485	35,110	40,445	2,675
German - Single responses	13,190	6,580	5,845	735
German - Multiple responses	65,295	28,530	34,600	1,940
Italian - Total responses	263,565	119,930	115,300	22,565
Italian - Single responses	153,130	81,825	47,670	18,375
Italian - Multiple responses	110,430	38,105	67,635	4,195
Chinese - Total responses	91,780	38,475	25,260	17,185
Chinese - Single responses	71,460	31,200	15,920	14,520
Chinese - Multiple responses	20,320	7,275	9,345	2,670
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	86,625	10,135	76,045	420
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	13,110	920	12,135	50
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	73,515	9,220	63,905	370
Ukrainian - Total responses	26,690	14,620	7,875	3,525
Ukrainian - Single responses	7,290	3,700	2,025	1,350
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	19,400	10,920	5,855	2,175
East Indian - Total responses	45,645	31,050	6,360	5,835
East Indian - Single responses	31,750	22,010	2,985	4,640
East Indian - Multiple responses	13,895	9,040	3,375	1,190
Dutch - Total responses	15,080	9,250	5,275	525
Dutch - Single responses	2,950	2,080	790	80
Dutch - Multiple responses	12,135	7,170	4,490	440
Polish- Total responses	53,495	32,075	15,805	4,980
Polish - Single responses	17,500	9,520	4,360	3,205
Polish - Multiple responses	35,995	22,560	11,445	1,780
Filipino - Total responses	32,745	28,925	1,125	2,390
Filipino - Single responses	25,865	23,140	460	1,970
Filipino - Multiple responses	6,875	5,790	665	420
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 92	21,345	17,805	3,315	220
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 93	3,255	2,955	290	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 94	18,100	14,850	3,025	215
Russian- Total responses	40,765	22,330	9,925	7,115
Russian - Single responses	12,970	5,230	3,495	3,500
Russian - Multiple responses	27,790	17,095	6,440	3,620
Welsh - Total responses	7,570	6,850	695	20
Welsh - Single responses	415	375	40	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	7,150	6,475	655	20
Norwegian - Total responses	4,215	2,995	1,165	50
Norwegian - Single responses	465	245	220	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	3,750	2,745	945	45
Métis - Total responses	9,535	1,255	8,255	15
Métis - Single responses	1,880	95	1,775	0
Métis - Multiple responses	7,650	1,160	6,475	15
Portuguese - Total responses	48,320	15,240	25,415	6,075
Portuguese - Single responses	29,515	8,165	15,365	4,635
Portuguese - Multiple responses	18,805	7,075	10,045	1,435
American - Total responses	24,800	10,935	13,390	390
American - Single responses	2,770	1,395	1,350	25
American - Multiple responses	22,035	9,530	12,040	365
Spanish - Total responses	62,650	14,640	36,750	9,855
Spanish - Single responses	15,485	2,795	8,950	3,120
Spanish - Multiple responses	47,170	11,840	27,795	6,735
Swedish - Total responses	4,510	3,155	1,180	150
Swedish - Single responses	460	350	65	45
Swedish - Multiple responses	4,045	2,810	1,120	110
Hungarian - Total responses	19,440	12,195	4,695	2,020
Hungarian - Single responses	6,305	4,110	1,235	770
Hungarian - Multiple responses	13,135	8,090	3,455	1,255
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 95	3,120,060	627,475	2,272,120	181,525
Without income	157,930	35,295	106,635	13,895
With income	2,962,125	592,180	2,165,490	167,630
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	276,665	71,325	178,585	22,610
$5,000 to $9,999	241,025	51,600	167,640	17,010
$10,000 to $14,999	307,690	62,375	214,605	19,960
$15,000 to $19,999	294,295	59,005	210,370	17,540
$20,000 to $29,999	426,915	84,835	308,775	27,455
$30,000 to $39,999	387,040	70,710	292,670	21,610
$40,000 to $49,999	300,675	53,095	232,730	14,065
$50,000 to $59,999	215,455	36,060	170,240	8,740
$60,000 to $79,999	259,110	46,300	202,735	9,685
$80,000 to $99,999	112,480	21,640	86,640	4,095
$100,000 and over	140,780	35,235	100,495	4,880
$100,000 to $124,999	62,900	13,865	46,805	2,110
$125,000 and over	77,885	21,365	53,695	2,765
Median income $^Footnote 97	28,306	25,592	30,063	22,186
Average income $^Footnote 98	38,281	39,132	38,968	31,001
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 99	3,120,055	627,475	2,272,125	181,530
Without after-tax income	157,865	35,150	106,760	13,870
With after-tax income	2,962,190	592,330	2,165,360	167,660
Under $5,000^Footnote 100	284,255	72,945	184,220	22,875
$5,000 to $9,999	246,615	52,550	172,110	17,120
$10,000 to $14,999	313,030	63,900	217,935	20,340
$15,000 to $19,999	324,965	65,110	232,880	19,490
$20,000 to $29,999	527,470	101,420	387,625	32,290
$30,000 to $39,999	464,560	82,890	355,955	23,750
$40,000 to $49,999	320,555	55,635	250,310	13,880
$50,000 to $59,999	197,115	34,925	154,290	7,595
$60,000 to $79,999	167,690	32,430	128,925	6,140
$80,000 to $99,999	55,580	13,355	40,165	1,970
$100,000 and over	60,360	17,160	40,945	2,200
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 101	25,806	23,751	27,112	21,145
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 102	31,454	31,812	31,993	26,564
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 103	3,120,055	627,475	2,272,125	181,525
With employment income	2,108,075	412,605	1,568,345	118,555
Median employment income $^Footnote 104	30,292	27,913	31,666	23,910
Average employment income $^Footnote 105	39,620	40,691	40,025	31,934
With wages and salaries	1,970,880	381,195	1,472,020	109,845
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 106	31,271	29,024	32,555	24,965
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 107	39,357	40,319	39,774	31,759
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	2,056,135	407,320	1,519,655	120,355
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 108	1,057,600	209,500	787,790	56,885
All others^Footnote 109	998,540	197,815	731,865	63,470

Symbol(s)

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not available for a specific reference period

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not applicable

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suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Excludes National Household Survey data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Those classified in the category 'Neither English nor French' appear only in the 'Total' category in this table.

Footnote 4

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 5

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 10

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 11

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 12

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 14

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 15

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 16

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 17

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 18

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 19

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 20

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 21

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 22

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 23

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 24

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 25

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 26

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 27

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 28

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 29

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 30

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 31

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 32

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 33

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 34

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 35

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 36

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 37

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 38

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 39

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 40

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 41

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 42

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 43

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 44

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 45

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 46

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 47

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 48

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 49

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 50

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 51

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 52

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 53

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 54

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 55

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 56

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 57

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 58

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 59

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 60

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 61

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 62

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 63

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 64

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 65

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 66

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 67

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 68

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 69

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 70

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 71

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 72

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 73

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 74

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 75

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 76

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 77

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 78

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 79

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 80

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 81

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 82

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 83

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 84

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 85

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 86

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 87

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 88

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 89

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 90

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 91

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 92

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 93

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 94

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 95

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with income.

Footnote 98

For population with income.

Footnote 99

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 100

Including loss.

Footnote 101

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 102

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 103

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 104

For population with employment income.

Footnote 105

For population with employment income.

Footnote 106

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 107

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 108

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 109

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011043.