Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

• Income statistics in 2010 (3B): Total - Population with income and without income in 2010

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in New Brunswick / Nouveau-Brunswick
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 28.6 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^Footnote 7	622,440	586,400	36,035	605,760	16,680	619,555	2,880
Male	301,865	274,905	26,960	288,480	13,390	299,435	2,430
Female	320,570	311,495	9,075	317,275	3,295	320,120	455
Total - Age groups^Footnote 8	622,435	586,400	36,035	605,760	16,680	619,550	2,885
15 to 24 years	89,210	89,110	95	89,175	30	89,210	0
25 to 54 years	306,540	281,940	24,600	295,415	11,130	304,720	1,820
25 to 34 years	84,635	82,030	2,600	83,705	930	84,535	100
35 to 44 years	98,605	89,255	9,355	94,545	4,065	97,830	775
45 to 54 years	123,300	110,650	12,640	117,160	6,135	122,350	945
55 to 64 years	112,295	103,840	8,455	108,075	4,215	111,520	775
65 years and over	114,395	111,510	2,885	113,090	1,300	114,105	290
65 to 74 years	66,915	64,905	2,010	65,920	995	66,715	195
75 years and over	47,480	46,605	875	47,175	305	47,395	85
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 9	622,435	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,880
Married or living with a common-law partner	380,820	350,585	30,235	366,285	14,530	378,325	2,490
Married (and not separated)	309,100	282,550	26,555	296,075	13,030	306,890	2,215
Living common law	71,715	68,040	3,680	70,215	1,500	71,440	270
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	241,620	235,815	5,805	239,465	2,150	241,230	395
Single (never legally married)	153,640	151,150	2,485	152,790	845	153,505	135
Separated	19,725	18,830	895	19,335	395	19,645	75
Divorced	32,185	30,490	1,700	31,530	655	32,040	150
Widowed	36,070	35,340	730	35,815	255	36,035	30
Total - Household living arrangements^Footnote 10	622,440	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,885
Total persons in households with at least one census family	513,510	481,500	32,010	498,300	15,215	510,910	2,605
Married spouses, common-law partners	378,205	348,100	30,105	363,720	14,480	375,740	2,470
Lone parents	35,460	34,215	1,245	34,970	495	35,365	95
Children in families with two parents present	61,575	61,340	240	61,505	75	61,560	0
Children in families with one parent present	25,695	25,505	190	25,595	95	25,685	0
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^Footnote 11	7,210	7,120	90	7,180	30	7,200	20
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	5,365	5,220	145	5,335	35	5,365	0
Total persons in non-census family households	108,925	104,900	4,025	107,455	1,470	108,645	280
Living with relatives^Footnote 12	6,055	5,970	85	6,015	45	6,050	0
Living with non-relatives only	21,320	20,955	365	21,195	125	21,305	0
Living alone	81,550	77,980	3,575	80,245	1,305	81,285	260
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^Footnote 13	622,440	586,400	36,040	605,760	16,680	619,555	2,885
Economic family persons	514,200	482,250	31,950	498,985	15,220	511,590	2,605
Couple family	444,420	414,060	30,355	429,865	14,550	441,940	2,480
Couple only	192,005	180,815	11,195	186,590	5,420	191,025	985
Couple with children	245,355	226,415	18,940	236,315	9,040	243,880	1,475
Couple with other relatives only	7,055	6,835	220	6,965	95	7,035	20
Lone-parent family	56,985	55,590	1,400	56,415	570	56,880	105
Female-parent family	44,875	44,065	810	44,580	295	44,835	40
Female-parent family with no other relatives	43,420	42,635	785	43,130	290	43,385	35
Male-parent family	12,110	11,520	590	11,835	275	12,045	70
Male-parent family with no other relatives	11,675	11,105	565	11,415	260	11,615	55
Other economic family^Footnote 14	12,795	12,600	195	12,700	95	12,775	20
Persons not in an economic family	108,235	104,150	4,085	106,775	1,460	107,965	275
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	622,440	586,395	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,885
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 15	16,910	16,465	445	16,735	175	16,900	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 16	11,595	11,410	185	11,545	50	11,595	0
Métis single identity	4,010	3,835	175	3,935	75	4,005	0
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	295	270	0	280	0	295	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 17	95	80	0	95	0	95	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 18	915	865	45	875	40	910	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	605,530	569,935	35,590	589,025	16,505	602,660	2,870
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 19	622,435	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,880
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 20	8,595	8,430	165	8,525	75	8,580	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	613,840	577,970	35,870	597,235	16,605	610,970	2,870
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 21	622,435	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,885
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 22	28,310	27,345	970	27,845	470	28,245	65
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 23	24,020	23,275	740	23,680	340	23,965	55
Métis ancestry	4,185	3,970	215	4,060	125	4,180	0
Inuit ancestry	520	480	40	490	30	520	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 24	594,125	559,055	35,070	577,920	16,210	591,310	2,820
Total - Generation status^Footnote 25	622,435	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,880
First generation^Footnote 26	29,985	27,390	2,595	28,570	1,415	29,625	360
Second generation^Footnote 27	36,380	33,820	2,560	35,070	1,310	36,180	200
Third generation or more^Footnote 28	556,070	525,190	30,885	542,120	13,955	553,750	2,325
Total - Population by visible minority^Footnote 29	622,440	586,400	36,040	605,760	16,680	619,550	2,885
Total visible minority population^Footnote 30	12,695	11,845	850	12,185	510	12,545	150
South Asian^Footnote 31	1,860	1,570	285	1,650	205	1,795	65
Chinese	1,945	1,785	165	1,825	120	1,935	0
Black	3,240	3,120	125	3,200	40	3,230	0
Filipino	850	795	55	850	0	850	0
Latin American	1,040	1,020	20	1,040	0	1,045	0
Arab	1,055	985	65	1,000	55	1,020	30
Southeast Asian^Footnote 32	550	495	55	510	35	540	0
West Asian^Footnote 33	275	245	35	265	0	265	0
Korean	1,300	1,285	20	1,295	0	1,295	0
Japanese	235	225	0	225	0	235	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 34	75	75	0	70	0	75	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 35	265	250	15	255	0	265	0
Not a visible minority^Footnote 36	609,740	574,555	35,190	593,570	16,170	607,005	2,730
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 37	622,440	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,885
Non-immigrants^Footnote 38	593,840	560,175	33,670	578,445	15,400	591,310	2,530
Immigrants^Footnote 39	25,895	23,600	2,295	24,650	1,240	25,550	345
Before 1981	12,310	11,085	1,225	11,645	665	12,150	170
1981 to 1990	2,835	2,460	375	2,625	215	2,815	25
1991 to 2000	2,865	2,575	290	2,735	130	2,835	30
2001 to 2009	6,180	5,820	370	5,985	200	6,080	105
2001 to 2005	2,480	2,255	230	2,355	135	2,415	70
2006 to 2009	3,700	3,560	140	3,630	70	3,665	30
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 40	622,435	586,400	36,035	605,760	16,680	619,555	2,885
English	403,380	377,870	25,505	391,220	12,155	401,365	2,015
French	200,855	191,475	9,380	196,960	3,890	200,205	645
Non-official language	14,700	13,690	1,010	14,160	540	14,505	195
Aboriginal	2,185	2,155	30	2,180	0	2,185	0
Non-Aboriginal	12,515	11,530	985	11,980	535	12,320	195
English and French	2,665	2,565	95	2,610	50	2,650	0
English and non-official language	715	680	45	680	40	705	0
French and non-official language	115	115	0	115	0	115	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 41	622,440	586,400	36,035	605,760	16,680	619,555	2,885
English	419,995	393,420	26,580	407,230	12,765	417,790	2,210
French	201,025	191,635	9,395	197,150	3,880	200,360	665
English and French	1,005	945	60	975	35	1,000	0
Neither English nor French	405	400	0	405	0	405	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 42	622,440	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,550	2,885
No certificate, diploma or degree	154,895	153,400	1,490	154,170	720	154,730	160
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 43	167,820	163,510	4,310	165,980	1,840	167,530	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 44	299,725	269,490	30,230	285,610	14,120	297,290	2,430
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	204,125	191,575	12,545	199,035	5,085	203,700	425
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 45	69,775	65,600	4,175	68,040	1,735	69,625	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	116,465	109,465	7,005	113,740	2,725	116,255	210
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 46	17,885	16,510	1,370	17,260	625	17,815	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	95,605	77,915	17,685	86,570	9,035	93,590	2,010
Bachelor's degree	66,430	56,780	9,650	62,030	4,405	65,700	730
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 47	29,170	21,135	8,030	24,540	4,630	27,895	1,275
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 48	622,435	586,400	36,040	605,755	16,680	619,550	2,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 49	322,710	316,910	5,805	320,150	2,560	322,260	450
Education	27,755	25,800	1,960	27,245	515	27,700	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	6,195	5,985	205	6,105	90	6,190	0
Humanities	13,210	12,030	1,180	12,700	515	13,165	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	19,570	17,165	2,400	18,260	1,310	19,310	260
Business, management and public administration	67,935	61,775	6,160	64,700	3,235	67,375	560
Physical and life sciences and technologies	7,395	6,185	1,205	6,850	540	7,315	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10,930	9,740	1,185	10,535	390	10,910	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	69,105	59,955	9,145	64,835	4,270	68,610	495
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,930	6,385	540	6,735	200	6,915	15
Health and related fields^Footnote 50	46,425	41,555	4,865	43,950	2,475	45,580	845
Personal, protective and transportation services	24,115	22,740	1,375	23,530	580	24,055	60
Other fields of study^Footnote 51	170	170	0	165	0	170	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 52	622,435	586,400	36,040	605,760	16,680	619,550	2,885
Industry - Not applicable^Footnote 53	193,645	191,800	1,850	192,990	660	193,555	85
All industries^Footnote 54	428,790	394,600	34,185	412,770	16,020	425,995	2,795
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	17,925	17,440	485	17,645	285	17,830	100
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,315	3,695	1,620	4,560	755	5,190	125
22 Utilities	4,475	2,705	1,770	3,600	875	4,415	60
23 Construction	32,265	29,820	2,445	31,150	1,115	32,055	210
31-33 Manufacturing	36,040	32,570	3,470	34,295	1,745	35,885	155
41 Wholesale trade	12,895	11,470	1,420	12,010	885	12,795	100
44-45 Retail trade	51,660	49,915	1,750	50,760	900	51,435	230
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20,675	19,345	1,325	19,920	745	20,550	125
51 Information and cultural industries	8,045	7,145	900	7,680	365	8,020	30
52 Finance and insurance	13,880	12,320	1,560	13,055	825	13,705	170
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	4,580	4,160	425	4,435	150	4,565	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	17,770	14,895	2,875	16,150	1,625	17,410	360
55 Management of companies and enterprises	285	230	60	265	20	285	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	21,405	20,970	440	21,180	220	21,375	30
61 Educational services	29,875	27,200	2,670	28,815	1,055	29,815	55
62 Health care and social assistance	53,460	49,480	3,980	51,490	1,975	52,690	770
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	7,630	7,380	245	7,540	85	7,615	0
72 Accommodation and food services	27,885	27,680	200	27,830	50	27,855	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	19,985	19,110	870	19,580	400	19,930	50
91 Public administration	42,740	37,065	5,675	40,815	1,925	42,565	175
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 55	622,440	586,400	36,035	605,755	16,680	619,555	2,885
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 56	193,650	191,800	1,850	192,990	660	193,560	90
All occupations^Footnote 57	428,785	394,600	34,185	412,770	16,020	425,995	2,795
0 Management occupations	37,940	28,815	9,125	33,025	4,920	36,840	1,100
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	60,460	57,300	3,160	59,030	1,430	60,220	245
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	22,625	18,440	4,185	20,755	1,870	22,490	140
3 Health occupations	30,665	26,810	3,855	28,595	2,070	29,895	770
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	53,245	48,385	4,865	51,380	1,870	53,065	180
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	8,925	8,630	290	8,840	85	8,920	0
6 Sales and service occupations	107,540	105,605	1,930	106,620	915	107,445	90
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	70,365	65,830	4,535	68,520	1,845	70,145	215
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	16,405	15,665	745	16,125	285	16,385	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20,620	19,115	1,505	19,880	735	20,585	30

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 19

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 56

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011036.