Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Sociocultural and Labour Characteristics (168), Income Statistics in 2010 (3B) and Total Income Groups (7) for the Population Aged 15 Years and Over in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories and Census Metropolitan Areas, 2011 National Household Survey

• Income statistics in 2010 (3B): Total - Population with income and without income in 2010

This table details selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics , income statistics in 2010 and total income groups for the population aged 15 years and over in private households in Vancouver
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 2} = 24.4 %

Selected demographic, sociocultural and labour characteristics (168)	Total income groups (7)
	Total - Total income groups^Footnote 3	Lowest 90 percent^Footnote 4	Highest 10 percent	Lowest 95 percent^Footnote 5	Highest 5 percent	Lowest 99 percent^Footnote 6	Highest 1 percent
Total - Sex^Footnote 7	1,926,225	1,726,730	199,500	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Male	933,190	796,360	136,825	856,400	76,795	914,945	18,250
Female	993,035	930,365	62,670	964,520	28,515	988,585	4,450
Total - Age groups^Footnote 8	1,926,225	1,726,730	199,495	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
15 to 24 years	302,930	302,125	805	302,610	325	302,900	35
25 to 54 years	1,039,405	903,395	136,005	970,270	69,130	1,026,140	13,260
25 to 34 years	328,360	307,175	21,180	320,300	8,060	327,675	685
35 to 44 years	339,710	286,905	52,805	312,960	26,750	334,825	4,885
45 to 54 years	371,335	309,315	62,015	337,015	34,320	363,640	7,695
55 to 64 years	291,325	247,265	44,060	266,330	24,990	284,975	6,355
65 years and over	292,570	273,940	18,630	281,710	10,860	289,520	3,045
65 to 74 years	164,545	151,875	12,675	157,235	7,310	162,495	2,055
75 years and over	128,020	122,070	5,955	124,470	3,550	127,025	990
Population in private households by marital status^Footnote 9	1,926,225	1,726,730	199,500	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Married or living with a common-law partner	1,103,420	949,865	153,555	1,019,700	83,720	1,084,230	19,185
Married (and not separated)	968,935	832,555	136,375	893,675	75,260	951,350	17,580
Living common law	134,485	117,310	17,180	126,025	8,460	132,880	1,605
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	822,805	776,865	45,940	801,215	21,595	819,300	3,505
Single (never legally married)	575,625	552,040	23,585	565,315	10,305	574,200	1,425
Separated	45,845	40,855	4,990	43,500	2,340	45,420	425
Divorced	116,715	103,735	12,985	110,265	6,450	115,675	1,040
Widowed	84,625	80,240	4,385	82,140	2,490	84,005	615
Total - Household living arrangements^Footnote 10	1,926,225	1,726,730	199,495	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Total persons in households with at least one census family	1,575,535	1,408,985	166,550	1,486,090	89,440	1,555,535	19,995
Married spouses, common-law partners	1,073,425	921,580	151,840	990,695	82,730	1,054,500	18,925
Lone parents	97,285	88,905	8,380	93,200	4,085	96,590	690
Children in families with two parents present	247,160	244,565	2,595	246,145	1,015	247,035	125
Children in families with one parent present	89,850	88,170	1,680	89,160	695	89,745	105
Persons not in census families, living with relatives^Footnote 11	39,870	38,915	950	39,450	420	39,760	105
Persons not in census families, living with non-relatives only	27,945	26,845	1,105	27,445	500	27,900	45
Total persons in non-census family households	350,690	317,745	32,950	334,825	15,870	347,995	2,700
Living with relatives^Footnote 12	19,870	18,965	910	19,570	295	19,810	60
Living with non-relatives only	80,195	76,310	3,880	78,615	1,575	79,905	290
Living alone	250,630	222,465	28,160	236,635	13,995	248,280	2,355
Total - Economic family status and economic family structure^Footnote 13	1,926,225	1,726,730	199,500	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Economic family persons	1,567,460	1,401,105	166,355	1,478,220	89,240	1,547,445	20,015
Couple family	1,346,250	1,191,715	154,530	1,262,545	83,705	1,327,195	19,055
Couple only	397,635	344,850	52,785	369,105	28,530	390,860	6,775
Couple with children	923,940	823,945	99,995	869,630	54,310	911,805	12,130
Couple with other relatives only	24,675	22,920	1,750	23,810	860	24,520	155
Lone-parent family	174,020	164,345	9,680	169,455	4,565	173,225	795
Female-parent family	141,845	135,700	6,145	139,325	2,520	141,415	435
Female-parent family with no other relatives	130,290	124,540	5,750	127,890	2,400	129,870	415
Male-parent family	32,175	28,645	3,535	30,130	2,040	31,815	365
Male-parent family with no other relatives	29,990	26,560	3,425	28,000	1,990	29,645	340
Other economic family^Footnote 14	47,195	45,045	2,150	46,215	975	47,030	165
Persons not in an economic family	358,765	325,625	33,145	342,695	16,070	356,085	2,680
Total - Population by Aboriginal identity	1,926,225	1,726,730	199,495	1,820,920	105,310	1,903,530	22,700
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 15	40,230	37,810	2,415	39,360	870	40,110	120
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 16	23,645	22,475	1,170	23,255	390	23,590	55
Métis single identity	14,770	13,620	1,150	14,350	415	14,715	55
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	285	285	0	285	0	290	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 17	490	480	0	490	0	490	0
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 18	1,035	955	85	975	60	1,025	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,885,995	1,688,915	197,085	1,781,555	104,445	1,863,425	22,575
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 19	1,926,230	1,726,730	199,500	1,820,915	105,315	1,903,530	22,695
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 20	16,160	15,550	610	15,930	230	16,130	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,910,065	1,711,180	198,885	1,804,985	105,080	1,887,400	22,665
Total - Population by Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 21	1,926,230	1,726,730	199,495	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Aboriginal ancestry^Footnote 22	50,370	46,495	3,875	48,840	1,535	50,105	265
First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry^Footnote 23	36,115	33,470	2,645	35,110	1,010	35,935	190
Métis ancestry	15,420	14,110	1,310	14,875	545	15,340	80
Inuit ancestry	490	485	0	490	0	495	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry only^Footnote 24	1,875,860	1,680,235	195,620	1,772,075	103,780	1,853,425	22,430
Total - Generation status^Footnote 25	1,926,225	1,726,730	199,495	1,820,915	105,315	1,903,530	22,695
First generation^Footnote 26	922,830	851,790	71,040	885,770	37,060	914,975	7,855
Second generation^Footnote 27	405,035	357,990	47,055	380,260	24,780	399,610	5,430
Third generation or more^Footnote 28	598,360	516,950	81,410	554,885	43,475	588,950	9,410
Total - Population by visible minority^Footnote 29	1,926,230	1,726,730	199,500	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Total visible minority population^Footnote 30	846,195	795,440	50,755	821,835	24,365	841,740	4,460
South Asian^Footnote 31	198,300	186,595	11,705	192,540	5,760	197,245	1,050
Chinese	354,280	331,285	22,995	342,900	11,380	352,135	2,145
Black	16,945	15,770	1,175	16,530	415	16,890	55
Filipino	89,725	85,575	4,145	88,300	1,430	89,565	165
Latin American	24,520	23,325	1,200	24,035	485	24,460	65
Arab	9,095	8,410	685	8,725	365	9,025	70
Southeast Asian^Footnote 32	36,000	34,545	1,460	35,360	640	35,865	130
West Asian^Footnote 33	31,725	29,620	2,100	30,665	1,055	31,460	260
Korean	40,435	38,680	1,755	39,515	915	40,245	195
Japanese	23,445	21,340	2,105	22,235	1,210	23,235	210
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 34	3,315	3,075	235	3,170	145	3,295	15
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 35	18,410	17,220	1,195	17,850	560	18,325	85
Not a visible minority^Footnote 36	1,080,030	931,290	148,740	999,075	80,945	1,061,790	18,235
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 37	1,926,225	1,726,725	199,500	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Non-immigrants^Footnote 38	1,009,070	879,725	129,350	940,280	68,795	994,060	15,015
Immigrants^Footnote 39	870,040	802,065	67,975	834,545	35,495	862,655	7,385
Before 1981	229,515	201,630	27,895	213,935	15,580	225,725	3,795
1981 to 1990	126,015	114,600	11,415	120,345	5,670	124,895	1,115
1991 to 2000	261,325	244,885	16,435	253,330	7,995	259,880	1,440
2001 to 2009	221,790	210,535	11,255	216,085	5,705	220,865	925
2001 to 2005	123,425	116,590	6,835	120,130	3,295	122,975	455
2006 to 2009	98,365	93,945	4,420	95,950	2,415	97,890	480
Total - Mother tongue^Footnote 40	1,926,230	1,726,730	199,495	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
English	1,042,930	902,115	140,815	966,755	76,175	1,025,750	17,180
French	23,175	19,950	3,225	21,375	1,800	22,845	330
Non-official language	822,770	769,655	53,115	796,520	26,250	817,780	4,995
Aboriginal	775	745	25	770	0	770	0
Non-Aboriginal	821,995	768,910	53,085	795,750	26,245	817,010	4,985
English and French	1,190	1,105	80	1,150	40	1,185	0
English and non-official language	35,000	32,820	2,180	33,995	1,000	34,820	180
French and non-official language	1,030	945	75	980	45	1,015	0
English, French and non-official language	140	140	0	140	0	140	0
Total - First official language spoken^Footnote 41	1,926,230	1,726,725	199,495	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
English	1,786,760	1,592,880	193,880	1,684,600	102,160	1,764,695	22,065
French	23,205	19,995	3,210	21,420	1,785	22,870	335
English and French	11,065	10,205	860	10,575	495	10,960	100
Neither English nor French	105,195	103,650	1,550	104,320	870	105,005	190
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 42	1,926,230	1,726,730	199,495	1,820,920	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	280,875	275,795	5,075	278,355	2,515	280,450	425
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 43	515,765	490,455	25,315	502,850	12,915	513,315	2,450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 44	1,129,585	960,485	169,110	1,039,710	89,880	1,109,765	19,825
Postsecondary certificate or diploma below bachelor level	595,940	535,155	60,785	567,045	28,895	591,125	4,815
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 45	155,735	141,310	14,420	149,405	6,330	154,865	870
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	313,635	280,230	33,400	297,890	15,745	311,040	2,590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 46	126,575	113,610	12,960	119,750	6,820	125,220	1,355
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	533,650	425,325	108,320	472,665	60,990	518,645	15,010
Bachelor's degree	339,435	282,005	57,435	307,625	31,805	331,755	7,685
University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level^Footnote 47	194,215	143,330	50,890	165,035	29,180	186,890	7,325
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 48	1,926,230	1,726,725	199,495	1,820,920	105,310	1,903,530	22,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 49	796,640	766,250	30,390	781,210	15,430	793,765	2,870
Education	73,875	63,560	10,315	70,750	3,125	73,430	445
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	59,000	54,640	4,360	57,110	1,885	58,665	335
Humanities	77,160	68,995	8,165	73,060	4,095	76,400	755
Social and behavioural sciences and law	133,470	112,405	21,065	120,590	12,880	130,180	3,290
Business, management and public administration	246,785	206,555	40,230	222,655	24,130	240,525	6,260
Physical and life sciences and technologies	51,825	42,575	9,250	46,810	5,010	50,710	1,115
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50,975	42,075	8,895	46,540	4,430	50,320	650
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	213,560	175,175	38,380	193,520	20,040	210,010	3,550
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	17,215	15,045	2,165	16,110	1,105	17,045	170
Health and related fields^Footnote 50	154,265	132,475	21,795	143,190	11,075	151,320	2,945
Personal, protective and transportation services	51,310	46,825	4,490	49,210	2,100	51,015	300
Other fields of study^Footnote 51	150	150	0	150	0	150	0
Total - Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 52	1,926,225	1,726,725	199,495	1,820,915	105,310	1,903,530	22,695
Industry - Not applicable^Footnote 53	568,505	556,700	11,805	562,215	6,295	566,990	1,515
All industries^Footnote 54	1,357,720	1,170,025	187,690	1,258,705	99,015	1,336,540	21,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15,175	14,345	830	14,690	485	15,075	100
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	5,475	3,165	2,310	3,675	1,800	4,735	740
22 Utilities	7,855	4,155	3,700	5,520	2,330	7,600	255
23 Construction	91,165	79,385	11,775	85,110	6,055	89,825	1,340
31-33 Manufacturing	87,640	75,995	11,650	81,485	6,160	86,420	1,225
41 Wholesale trade	64,360	53,385	10,975	57,850	6,515	63,015	1,350
44-45 Retail trade	150,580	142,090	8,490	146,285	4,300	149,855	730
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	72,575	62,740	9,830	67,575	5,000	71,780	790
51 Information and cultural industries	48,230	38,585	9,640	43,440	4,790	47,410	825
52 Finance and insurance	66,575	51,120	15,455	57,220	9,355	63,695	2,880
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35,935	29,500	6,440	32,060	3,880	34,805	1,135
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130,105	99,245	30,860	111,165	18,940	125,500	4,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,960	1,480	480	1,620	345	1,805	150
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	62,840	59,010	3,835	60,730	2,110	62,385	455
61 Educational services	103,070	85,265	17,800	96,405	6,660	102,180	890
62 Health care and social assistance	134,975	116,330	18,640	126,020	8,950	132,680	2,295
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35,875	34,240	1,635	34,965	910	35,650	220
72 Accommodation and food services	109,720	107,370	2,350	108,530	1,190	109,465	255
81 Other services (except public administration)	67,330	62,445	4,880	64,990	2,335	67,035	295
91 Public administration	66,280	50,175	16,110	59,375	6,905	65,640	635
Total - Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011^Footnote 55	1,926,230	1,726,725	199,495	1,820,915	105,315	1,903,530	22,695
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 56	568,510	556,700	11,810	562,215	6,295	566,990	1,515
All occupations^Footnote 57	1,357,720	1,170,030	187,690	1,258,700	99,020	1,336,540	21,180
0 Management occupations	156,770	105,255	51,515	123,610	33,155	148,025	8,740
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	237,815	210,945	26,870	223,250	14,565	234,420	3,400
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	101,080	72,425	28,660	86,795	14,285	98,995	2,090
3 Health occupations	81,675	65,265	16,410	73,625	8,050	79,435	2,240
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	157,015	127,080	29,930	143,925	13,090	154,350	2,665
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	57,470	53,470	4,000	55,410	2,065	57,100	370
6 Sales and service occupations	340,695	328,845	11,850	334,435	6,260	339,650	1,045
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	163,485	148,010	15,475	157,285	6,200	162,960	530
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	19,950	19,390	560	19,690	260	19,920	35
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	41,760	39,350	2,405	40,675	1,085	41,675	75

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employers contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median.

Exceptionally, in this table, median income is calculated from all the individuals in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) either with or without income.

Average income of individuals - Exceptionally, in this table, refers to the weighted mean total income of all individuals aged 15 and over whether they reported income for 2010 or not.

Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated in this table for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age whether they have an income (positive or negative) or not.

Footnote 2

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 3

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, Old Age Security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

The percentiles of the distribution were calculated for the population aged 15 years and over in private households of Canada with income and without income (with an income of zero). The total income groups are such that the indicated percentage of the Canadian population aged 15 years and over in private households is in each group.

Footnote 4

A total income of less than $80,420 is required to be in the lowest 90 percent.

Footnote 5

A total income of less than $102,305 is required to be in the lowest 95 percent.

Footnote 6

A total income of less than $191,147 is required to be in the lowest 99 percent.

Footnote 7

Sex
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to whether the person is male or female.

Footnote 8

Age
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 9

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 10

Household living arrangements
Part A - Short definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, and whether they are family persons or persons not in a census family.

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of persons as members of a family household or of a non-family household, that is, whether or not they are living in a household that contains at least one census family, and whether they are members of a census family or not in a census family. Persons not in census families are further classified as living with relatives, living with non-relatives (only) or living alone.

Footnote 11

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 12

Non-relatives may be present.

Footnote 13

Economic family status - Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of an economic family.

Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law, adoption or a foster relationship, and thereby constitute an economic family.

Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family, including persons living alone.

Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families, lone-parent families or other economic families.

Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person.

Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person.

Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family.

Footnote 14

This category includes economic families where the reference person does not have a spouse or partner, nor a child in the family, only other relatives.

Footnote 15

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 17

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 18

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 19

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 20

Registered or Treaty Indian Status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 21

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the NHS.

Footnote 22

'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17, either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry', 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry,' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.'
Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

Footnote 23

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey, 2011.

Footnote 24

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17.

Footnote 25

Generation status
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 26

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 27

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 28

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 29

Visible minority
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups:  South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

Footnote 30

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 31

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 32

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 33

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 34

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 35

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 36

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 37

Immigrant status refers to whether the respondent is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status.

Non-permanent residents are not included elsewhere in this table.

Footnote 38

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 39

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

The income data for the National Household Survey are for the year 2010. By agreement, landed immigrants who arrived in Canada between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2011 have an income equal to zero. It is also possible that landed immigrants who arrived during the course of the year 2010 did not have a complete year of applicable revenues. Consequently, these two groups of immigrants are excluded from the detailed distribution by period of immigration. They are, however included in the category 'Immigrants.'

Footnote 40

Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual on May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

First official language spoken
Part A - Short definition
Not applicable

Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a variable specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act.

Footnote 42

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 43

'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 44

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 45

'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 46

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 47

'University certificate, diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level,' 'Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry,' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.'

Footnote 48

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

We recommend that users not make comparisons between categories of the CIP Canada 2011 and the CIP Canada 2000 classification systems on the basis of their labels. Even though many entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison could be inappropriate, given the numerous changes made at the detailed level to update the classification.

For comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 49

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma, a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 50

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 51

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 52

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 53

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 54

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 55

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.

Footnote 56

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 57

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011036.