Tabulation: Selected Demographic, Cultural, Educational, Labour Force and Income Characteristics (688), Mother tongue (4), Age Groups (8D) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey

• Age groups (8D): Total population in private households by age group
• Sex (3): Total - Sex

This table details selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics , mother tongue , age groups and sex for the population in Ottawa - Gatineau
Global non-response rate (GNR)^{Footnote 1} = 22.3 %

Selected demographic, cultural, educational, labour force and income characteristics (688)	Mother tongue (4)
	Total population in private households by mother tongue^Footnote 2	English	French	English and French
Total population in private households by age group	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,265
0 to 4 years	70,990	38,090	22,660	940
5 to 9 years	68,295	38,145	20,555	765
10 to 14 years	71,445	39,790	21,550	815
15 to 19 years	82,025	44,580	25,035	775
20 to 24 years	88,395	49,255	24,650	435
25 to 29 years	84,005	44,300	24,680	490
30 to 34 years	81,735	39,890	25,625	410
35 to 39 years	84,370	40,240	24,905	250
40 to 44 years	89,605	41,585	26,235	400
45 to 49 years	103,335	48,735	33,495	370
50 to 54 years	97,985	47,405	33,510	290
55 to 59 years	81,495	39,620	28,205	330
60 to 64 years	69,530	34,565	23,465	280
65 to 69 years	49,915	23,795	17,735	235
70 to 74 years	34,885	15,780	11,515	220
75 to 79 years	27,045	12,090	9,020	100
80 to 84 years	18,535	9,005	5,835	105
85 years and over	12,160	6,665	3,170	55
Median age^Footnote 3	38.6	36.6	40.3	23.3
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by marital status^Footnote 4	1,005,005	497,520	317,080	4,750
Married or living with a common-law partner	577,715	275,285	182,440	2,070
Married (and not separated)	459,365	225,320	122,965	1,535
Living common law	118,355	49,960	59,470	535
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	427,285	222,240	134,645	2,675
Single (never legally married)	298,970	162,510	90,195	1,985
Separated	25,515	12,965	6,975	95
Divorced	61,460	28,880	22,725	415
Widowed	41,345	17,890	14,750	175
Total population in private households by first official language spoken	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,265
English	778,430	613,220	1,955	3,285
French	400,530	335	379,890	1,355
English and French	24,090	0	0	2,625
Neither English nor French	12,680	0	0	0
Total population by knowledge of official languages^Footnote 5	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,265
English only	555,310	420,630	1,955	345
French only	103,765	330	94,795	70
English and French	543,375	192,260	284,965	6,850
Neither English nor French	13,285	325	130	0
Total population in private households by language spoken most often at home	1,215,735	613,550	381,840	7,265
Single responses	1,174,675	603,835	374,510	4,645
English	715,095	590,370	46,215	3,185
French	347,990	8,710	326,410	1,345
Non-official languages	111,590	4,755	1,875	120
Selected Aboriginal languages^Footnote 6	115	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 7	92,415	3,785	1,540	115
Arabic	21,090	1,105	535	65
Bengali	2,375	195	0	0
Cantonese	4,060	100	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	9,495	350	75	0
Creoles	2,400	45	405	0
Dutch	120	0	0	0
German	770	45	0	0
Greek	610	30	0	0
Gujarati	645	65	0	0
Hindi	1,215	50	0	0
Hungarian	595	0	0	0
Italian	2,640	65	0	0
Korean	1,190	20	0	0
Mandarin	5,545	115	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	2,060	170	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	3,980	30	0	0
Polish	2,315	90	0	0
Portuguese	2,930	90	0	0
Romanian	1,840	30	45	0
Russian	4,015	40	20	0
Serbian	1,585	50	40	0
Spanish	8,880	445	310	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,855	235	0	0
Tamil	2,065	110	0	0
Ukrainian	405	0	0	0
Urdu	2,100	115	0	0
Vietnamese	4,635	185	30	0
Other languages^Footnote 8	19,070	965	335	0
Multiple responses	41,060	9,715	7,340	2,620
English and French	7,915	1,240	4,125	2,230
English and non-official language	26,515	8,345	480	75
French and non-official language	5,505	55	2,485	0
English, French and non-official language	1,125	75	250	305
Total population in private households by other language spoken regularly at home	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,260
None	932,260	551,905	272,330	4,455
English	130,575	8,875	76,045	860
French	72,560	36,970	25,880	1,565
Non-official language	70,325	14,330	5,520	190
Aboriginal	335	145	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	69,990	14,190	5,490	190
English and French	2,985	130	165	0
English and non-official language	3,190	115	1,450	70
French and non-official language	3,750	1,230	435	100
English, French and non-official language	80	0	0	0
Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken^Footnote 9	295,195	54,695	31,905	1,250
Aboriginal languages	845	225	60	0
Algonquin	65	35	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0
Cree languages^Footnote 10	300	85	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	100	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0
Tlicho (Dogrib)	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	205	45	0	0
Other Aboriginal languages^Footnote 11	130	50	25	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	294,430	54,485	31,865	1,240
Italian	17,790	4,720	2,050	120
Portuguese	9,335	1,330	1,140	0
Romanian	3,490	190	105	0
Spanish	46,595	12,185	15,040	440
Dutch	3,660	895	195	0
Flemish	145	20	20	0
German	14,830	5,015	1,765	60
Yiddish	475	260	0	0
Danish	520	190	0	0
Norwegian	455	215	45	0
Swedish	735	225	100	0
Afrikaans	465	210	0	0
Gaelic languages	385	375	0	0
Bosnian	900	50	0	0
Bulgarian	1,195	80	40	0
Croatian	1,835	165	25	0
Czech	1,520	140	60	0
Macedonian	145	0	0	0
Polish	6,995	720	110	45
Russian	9,125	855	230	0
Serbian	2,605	150	125	0
Serbo-Croatian	980	60	40	0
Slovak	825	125	0	0
Slovenian	340	35	0	0
Ukrainian	2,695	345	45	0
Latvian	380	70	0	0
Lithuanian	285	20	0	0
Greek	3,260	890	145	20
Armenian	485	40	35	0
Albanian	750	105	20	0
Estonian	190	25	0	0
Finnish	535	115	0	0
Hungarian	2,150	315	35	0
Turkish	2,535	170	0	0
Berber languages (Kabyle)	230	0	80	0
Oromo	715	30	90	0
Somali	8,450	910	535	0
Amharic	1,730	185	0	0
Arabic	47,425	7,235	3,655	305
Hebrew	1,975	840	45	0
Maltese	35	25	0	0
Tigrigna	975	100	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	140	0	0	0
Bengali	4,190	730	0	0
Gujarati	2,040	510	25	0
Hindi	9,070	1,805	0	20
Konkani	160	105	0	0
Marathi	460	90	0	0
Panjabi (Punjabi)	5,890	1,255	0	0
Sindhi	345	100	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,050	220	0	0
Urdu	6,095	1,295	0	0
Nepali	920	50	0	0
Kurdish	1,245	95	0	0
Pashto	925	90	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	8,010	640	45	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	285	20	0	0
Kannada	280	50	0	0
Malayalam	685	115	0	0
Tamil	3,785	665	25	0
Telugu	490	70	0	0
Japanese	2,495	960	265	15
Korean	2,135	210	35	0
Cantonese	8,680	1,255	50	0
Fukien	110	0	0	0
Hakka	55	0	0	0
Mandarin	11,120	1,295	195	20
Taiwanese	315	35	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	14,645	1,415	165	40
Lao	610	95	20	0
Thai	680	165	20	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,700	275	65	0
Vietnamese	8,105	680	140	0
Bisayan languages	510	105	0	0
Ilocano	515	30	0	0
Malay	625	190	30	0
Tagalog (Pilipino,Filipino)	8,130	1,545	0	0
Akan (Twi)	675	190	0	0
Lingala	1,725	30	895	55
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,820	50	455	0
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	1,170	15	200	0
Swahili	3,900	400	900	0
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	1,485	190	370	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,445	540	675	0
African languages, n.i.e.	815	210	135	0
Creoles	10,760	1,055	4,300	50
Other non-Aboriginal languages^Footnote 12	7,150	2,130	970	20
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago^Footnote 13	1,201,600	606,215	377,080	6,950
Non-movers	1,038,210	526,455	328,965	6,155
Movers	163,395	79,760	48,120	800
Non-migrants	113,320	57,100	33,750	555
Migrants	50,070	22,660	14,370	245
Internal migrants	37,855	19,215	12,685	210
Intraprovincial migrants	23,850	11,930	8,885	135
Interprovincial migrants	14,000	7,285	3,805	75
External migrants	12,220	3,445	1,680	35
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago^Footnote 14	1,144,745	575,455	359,185	6,320
Non-movers	666,720	345,205	215,170	3,805
Movers	478,025	230,255	144,015	2,520
Non-migrants	302,515	151,645	94,345	1,515
Migrants	175,510	78,610	49,665	1,005
Internal migrants	130,070	67,350	43,620	915
Intraprovincial migrants	79,620	39,650	30,340	605
Interprovincial migrants	50,455	27,695	13,275	310
External migrants	45,440	11,260	6,050	90
Total population by citizenship^Footnote 15	1,215,730	613,550	381,845	7,265
Canadian citizens	1,152,870	601,340	375,465	7,100
Canadian citizens only	1,104,175	584,530	370,405	6,925
Citizens of Canada and at least one other country	48,695	16,810	5,055	175
Not Canadian citizens^Footnote 16	62,860	12,215	6,380	165
Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth^Footnote 17	1,215,735	613,550	381,840	7,265
Non-immigrants^Footnote 18	967,850	555,370	362,465	6,725
Born in province of residence	722,825	407,140	276,575	4,880
Born outside province of residence	245,015	148,220	85,885	1,850
Immigrants^Footnote 19	235,340	55,605	18,050	525
Americas	38,980	16,525	4,590	55
United States	9,905	8,275	775	35
Jamaica	3,035	2,935	0	0
Guyana	1,200	1,180	0	0
Haiti	7,700	190	3,345	0
Mexico	1,920	125	55	0
Trinidad and Tobago	1,325	1,280	0	0
Colombia	2,655	85	100	0
El Salvador	2,240	225	30	0
Peru	1,060	140	20	0
Chile	625	35	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	7,310	2,045	245	0
Europe	67,695	22,565	5,225	75
United Kingdom^Footnote 20	18,835	18,210	75	0
Italy	5,765	415	40	0
Germany	4,865	1,050	215	0
Poland	4,450	180	0	0
Portugal	3,680	150	45	0
Netherlands	2,340	340	0	0
France	4,140	225	3,610	0
Romania	3,070	120	120	0
Russian Federation	3,090	120	40	0
Greece	1,105	60	15	0
Ukraine	1,690	85	0	0
Croatia	1,175	50	45	0
Hungary	990	55	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,205	40	20	0
Serbia	975	30	0	0
Ireland, Republic of	805	795	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	8,505	625	955	35
Africa	33,395	4,670	6,405	215
Morocco	2,490	25	560	0
Algeria	1,930	55	500	0
Egypt	3,005	400	270	20
South Africa, Republic of	725	525	0	0
Nigeria	1,210	645	0	0
Ethiopia	1,855	160	70	0
Kenya	1,125	395	20	0
Other places of birth in Africa	21,060	2,465	4,980	165
Asia	94,365	11,045	1,815	165
India	9,285	2,055	0	0
China^Footnote 21	17,570	980	440	25
Philippines	7,730	1,615	15	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	3,080	280	0	0
Viet Nam^Footnote 22	6,585	295	75	0
Pakistan	3,745	830	0	0
Sri Lanka	2,910	460	15	0
Iran^Footnote 23	4,550	240	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 24	1,630	190	30	0
Lebanon	12,115	950	920	80
Taiwan	755	0	20	0
Iraq	3,170	255	0	0
Bangladesh	2,565	265	0	0
Afghanistan	1,700	70	0	0
Japan	630	65	0	0
Turkey	1,375	55	35	0
Other places of birth in Asia	14,965	2,420	205	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 25	900	810	15	0
Fiji	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^Footnote 26	890	805	15	0
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 27	12,550	2,575	1,330	0
Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth^Footnote 28	40,425	6,245	4,675	130
Americas	8,565	1,915	1,190	0
United States	1,855	1,420	165	0
Mexico	630	15	0	0
Cuba	280	0	0	0
Haiti	2,730	60	925	0
Jamaica	105	95	0	0
Brazil	395	0	0	0
Colombia	1,100	35	55	0
Guyana	20	20	0	0
Peru	205	10	0	0
Venezuela^Footnote 29	155	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,085	250	20	0
Europe	4,345	1,025	905	0
France	695	0	660	0
Germany	195	35	0	0
Poland	95	0	0	0
Romania	415	0	0	0
Moldova^Footnote 30	105	0	0	0
Russian Federation	505	40	0	0
Ukraine	270	0	0	0
United Kingdom^Footnote 31	845	830	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,215	85	205	0
Africa	9,620	1,100	2,210	35
Nigeria	405	260	0	0
Ethiopia	405	55	0	0
Mauritius	130	0	90	0
Somalia	530	0	0	0
Algeria	490	0	125	0
Egypt	730	90	0	0
Morocco	1,010	0	125	0
Tunisia	235	0	50	0
Cameroon	565	65	405	0
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	1,010	50	340	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	60	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	4,030	505	1,055	0
Asia	17,760	2,090	370	65
Philippines	2,615	570	0	0
China^Footnote 32	2,830	195	120	0
India	1,595	310	0	0
Pakistan	640	135	0	0
Iran^Footnote 33	915	0	0	0
Korea, South^Footnote 34	450	45	0	0
Sri Lanka	530	55	0	0
Iraq	995	0	0	0
Bangladesh	520	65	0	0
Lebanon	1,615	225	160	50
Viet Nam^Footnote 35	315	15	20	0
Taiwan	175	0	0	0
Afghanistan	345	0	0	0
Japan	135	0	0	0
Turkey	340	15	0	0
Israel	90	0	0	0
Nepal	375	0	0	0
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region	65	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	485	90	0	0
Saudi Arabia	225	25	0	0
Syria^Footnote 36	400	55	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,095	235	30	0
Oceania and other^Footnote 37	140	115	0	0
Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration^Footnote 38	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,265
Non-immigrants^Footnote 39	967,850	555,370	362,460	6,725
Immigrants^Footnote 40	235,340	55,610	18,050	525
Before 1971	38,280	16,610	1,860	60
1971 to 1980	26,925	10,285	1,885	25
1981 to 1990	35,925	7,995	1,990	95
1991 to 2000	60,560	9,180	4,155	90
2001 to 2011^Footnote 41	73,640	11,545	8,160	250
2001 to 2005	33,220	5,300	3,480	125
2006 to 2011^Footnote 42	40,425	6,240	4,675	130
Non-permanent residents^Footnote 43	12,555	2,575	1,330	0
Total population in private households by generation status^Footnote 44	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,260
First generation^Footnote 45	254,880	63,255	20,500	580
Second generation^Footnote 46	202,260	136,225	24,180	1,575
Third generation or more^Footnote 47	758,595	414,065	337,160	5,115
Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,265
Aboriginal identity^Footnote 48	30,570	15,865	13,595	380
First Nations (North American Indian) single identity^Footnote 49	16,245	9,365	6,255	190
Métis single identity	12,265	5,345	6,680	150
Inuk (Inuit) single identity	860	530	165	0
Multiple Aboriginal identities^Footnote 50	305	140	120	30
Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere^Footnote 51	890	485	370	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,185,165	597,685	368,250	6,885
Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status^Footnote 52	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,260
Registered or Treaty Indian^Footnote 53	7,920	5,165	2,240	110
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,207,815	608,385	379,600	7,155
Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status^Footnote 54	1,005,005	497,520	317,080	4,745
In the labour force	700,685	354,865	219,210	3,100
Employed	654,515	330,980	207,885	2,820
Unemployed	46,175	23,890	11,325	275
Not in the labour force	304,320	142,650	97,870	1,650
Participation rate	69.7	71.3	69.1	65.3
Employment rate	65.1	66.5	65.6	59.4
Unemployment rate	6.6	6.7	5.2	8.9
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker	700,690	354,870	219,215	3,095
Class of Worker- Not applicable^Footnote 55	13,680	6,150	3,370	80
All Classes of Worker^Footnote 56	687,010	348,720	215,840	3,015
Employee	624,265	316,935	197,735	2,700
Self-employed	62,740	31,785	18,110	320
Self-employed (incorporated)	21,905	10,965	6,360	75
Without paid help	9,680	4,930	2,905	20
With paid help	12,220	6,040	3,465	55
Self-employed (unincorporated)	39,710	20,345	11,480	245
Without paid help	29,055	15,200	8,865	185
With paid help	10,655	5,150	2,610	55
Unpaid family worker	1,130	475	260	0
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011	700,690	354,870	219,215	3,095
Occupation - Not applicable^Footnote 57	13,680	6,150	3,370	80
All occupations^Footnote 58	687,010	348,720	215,845	3,020
0 Management occupations	81,630	45,800	23,845	280
00 Senior management occupations	11,130	5,945	3,755	45
01-05 Specialized middle management occupations	40,505	23,115	12,040	140
06 Middle management occupations in retail and wholesale trade and customer services	20,230	11,285	5,060	55
07-09 Middle management occupations in trades, transportation, production and utilities	9,760	5,445	3,000	40
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	140,070	68,625	51,040	670
11 Professional occupations in business and finance	31,560	15,890	10,530	125
12 Administrative and financial supervisors and administrative occupations	55,895	26,505	21,995	305
13 Finance, insurance and related business administrative occupations	6,560	3,560	1,980	20
14 Office support occupations	35,715	17,170	13,115	110
15 Distribution, tracking and scheduling co-ordination occupations	10,345	5,495	3,425	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	77,355	39,700	17,445	280
21 Professional occupations in natural and applied sciences	52,915	26,875	10,530	185
22 Technical occupations related to natural and applied sciences	24,440	12,825	6,920	95
3 Health occupations	40,020	19,315	12,355	100
30 Professional occupations in nursing	11,370	6,035	3,475	0
31 Professional occupations in health (except nursing)	9,620	5,090	2,545	0
32 Technical occupations in health	10,980	5,160	3,705	30
34 Assisting occupations in support of health services	8,050	3,035	2,630	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	105,400	54,725	32,770	360
40 Professional occupations in education services	31,510	15,280	10,885	105
41 Professional occupations in law and social, community and government services	38,195	22,015	9,955	145
42 Paraprofessional occupations in legal, social, community and education services	17,295	8,130	6,250	35
43 Occupations in front-line public protection services	9,010	5,040	3,340	35
44 Care providers and educational, legal and public protection support occupations	9,390	4,265	2,345	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	24,635	13,980	7,595	130
51 Professional occupations in art and culture	12,080	6,380	4,195	55
52 Technical occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	12,555	7,595	3,400	75
6 Sales and service occupations	144,470	71,670	43,140	870
62 Retail sales supervisors and specialized sales occupations	11,675	6,915	3,140	20
63 Service supervisors and specialized service occupations	19,305	8,125	5,495	115
64 Sales representatives and salespersons - wholesale and retail trade	28,690	15,675	8,280	225
65 Service representatives and other customer and personal services occupations	31,860	15,785	10,340	210
66 Sales support occupations	20,350	10,510	6,275	140
67 Service support and other service occupations, n.e.c.	32,585	14,665	9,605	160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	59,485	27,415	23,715	270
72 Industrial, electrical and construction trades	22,100	9,630	9,885	70
73 Maintenance and equipment operation trades	10,255	5,495	3,495	60
74 Other installers, repairers and servicers and material handlers	5,055	2,775	1,695	40
75 Transport and heavy equipment operation and related maintenance occupations	15,955	6,950	5,880	75
76 Trades helpers, construction labourers and related occupations	6,125	2,570	2,765	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,665	3,775	1,415	0
82 Supervisors and technical occupations in natural resources, agriculture and related production	975	590	280	0
84 Workers in natural resources, agriculture and related production	1,100	730	285	0
86 Harvesting, landscaping and natural resources labourers	3,590	2,460	855	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	8,280	3,725	2,520	50
92 Processing, manufacturing and utilities supervisors and central control operators	1,465	765	545	0
94 Processing and manufacturing machine operators and related production workers	2,665	1,275	905	0
95 Assemblers in manufacturing	2,705	1,110	465	0
96 Labourers in processing, manufacturing and utilities	1,440	575	605	0
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007^Footnote 59	700,685	354,865	219,210	3,100
Industry - not applicable^Footnote 60	13,680	6,145	3,370	80
All industries^Footnote 61	687,010	348,720	215,840	3,015
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,395	2,075	885	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	680	330	260	0
22 Utilities	2,605	1,325	1,030	0
23 Construction	36,560	16,830	15,280	155
31-33 Manufacturing	24,135	11,620	6,910	80
41 Wholesale trade	16,705	9,405	4,125	50
44-45 Retail trade	69,140	37,170	20,845	495
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20,295	9,865	6,230	90
51 Information and cultural industries	17,465	10,295	4,200	115
52 Finance and insurance	21,690	12,120	5,550	60
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	11,005	6,470	2,815	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	58,625	35,090	11,675	245
55 Management of companies and enterprises	335	195	80	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	27,075	13,275	7,910	160
61 Educational services	52,480	25,460	18,660	225
62 Health care and social assistance	71,490	33,780	23,970	215
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	13,820	7,530	4,820	100
72 Accommodation and food services	41,220	20,765	9,575	155
81 Other services (except public administration)	30,700	15,380	8,845	180
91 Public administration	167,600	79,735	62,180	665
Total employed population 15 years and over by place of work status^Footnote 62	654,515	330,985	207,890	2,820
Usual place of work	558,010	280,075	179,860	2,325
Work in CSD of residence	444,630	244,580	115,495	1,755
Work in a different CSD in CD of residence	1,735	360	1,300	35
Work in a different CSD and CD in province of residence	33,385	11,620	19,770	115
Work in a different province	78,265	23,510	43,300	425
Worked at home	38,145	21,590	9,505	215
Worked outside Canada	2,435	1,320	410	0
No fixed workplace address	55,930	28,000	18,110	270
Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation^Footnote 63	613,940	308,075	197,970	2,600
Car, truck or van - as a driver	391,445	191,355	136,130	1,585
Car, truck or van - as a passenger	40,950	20,235	13,585	165
Public transit	123,170	61,795	33,255	535
Walked	38,735	22,935	9,805	225
Bicycle	13,670	8,630	3,545	60
Other methods	5,970	3,125	1,655	25
Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work^Footnote 64	741,945	377,275	231,820	3,345
English	550,760	361,285	80,110	1,795
French	147,300	7,345	129,525	455
Non-official language	3,935	240	110	0
Aboriginal	55	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,880	235	110	0
English and French	36,915	7,970	21,775	1,100
English and non-official language	2,255	385	70	0
French and non-official language	150	0	50	0
English, French and non-official language	640	45	175	0
Total population aged 15 years and over in private households by other language used regularly at work^Footnote 65	741,945	377,280	231,815	3,345
None	515,930	310,265	101,955	1,965
English	80,420	5,395	69,115	280
French	134,305	59,540	59,865	1,080
Non-official language	9,310	1,440	520	0
Aboriginal	190	50	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	9,120	1,390	435	0
English and French	160	50	0	0
English and non-official language	430	15	180	0
French and non-official language	1,385	570	140	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0
Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 66	1,005,005	497,520	317,080	4,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	151,940	61,475	61,310	975
High school diploma or equivalent^Footnote 67	233,690	124,665	72,375	1,335
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^Footnote 68	619,370	311,375	183,400	2,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma^Footnote 69	73,190	25,365	36,735	470
Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)^Footnote 70	45,180	14,545	23,910	315
Registered Apprenticeship certificate^Footnote 71	28,005	10,825	12,820	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	188,595	102,655	58,675	870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level^Footnote 72	40,905	16,890	13,160	170
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	316,680	166,460	74,835	935
Bachelor's degree	187,800	103,385	46,505	505
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	28,535	13,665	7,495	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,755	3,400	1,200	0
Master's degree	76,745	38,855	16,705	255
Earned doctorate^Footnote 73	16,845	7,155	2,930	35
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011^Footnote 74	619,370	311,375	183,400	2,435
Education	40,385	19,310	15,380	185
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20,920	11,780	6,045	90
Humanities	43,705	24,220	11,740	185
Social and behavioural sciences and law	97,565	56,285	23,645	390
Business, management and public administration	130,375	61,020	44,580	570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30,135	16,160	5,595	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	41,425	19,545	10,355	135
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	103,825	47,300	30,305	430
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	9,145	4,870	2,665	30
Health and related fields^Footnote 75	72,005	37,305	21,140	195
Personal, protective and transportation services	29,805	13,550	11,925	135
Other fields of study^Footnote 76	90	30	35	0
Total population aged 15 years and over with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree by location of study^Footnote 77	619,370	311,375	183,395	2,440
Inside Canada	535,450	288,570	176,620	2,275
Newfoundland and Labrador	3,565	3,370	40	0
Prince Edward Island	880	790	50	0
Nova Scotia	11,000	9,685	670	0
New Brunswick	6,760	4,270	2,110	50
Quebec	123,960	20,955	92,360	575
Ontario	367,095	232,720	79,600	1,600
Manitoba	4,940	3,735	360	0
Saskatchewan	3,275	2,530	275	0
Alberta	6,815	5,050	630	0
British Columbia	6,985	5,395	500	0
Yukon	35	0	0	0
Northwest Territories	85	35	15	0
Nunavut	40	0	0	0
Outside Canada	83,920	22,800	6,780	165
Total population in private households by visible minority	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,265
Total visible minority population^Footnote 78	234,015	67,010	23,220	1,020
South Asian^Footnote 79	34,790	13,200	345	145
Chinese	37,135	8,365	890	170
Black	60,665	20,830	16,565	405
Filipino	10,970	4,030	125	35
Latin American	14,270	1,850	535	15
Arab	38,960	7,490	3,095	150
Southeast Asian^Footnote 80	15,030	3,510	720	45
West Asian^Footnote 81	8,195	710	60	0
Korean	2,475	520	60	0
Japanese	2,350	1,395	115	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^Footnote 82	2,475	1,515	280	0
Multiple visible minorities^Footnote 83	6,700	3,600	440	35
Not a visible minority^Footnote 84	981,720	546,545	358,625	6,245
Total population in private households by selected ethnic origins (single and multiple responses)^Footnote 85	1,215,735	613,550	381,845	7,260
Total population - Single responses^Footnote 86	638,275	225,730	230,920	2,730
Total population - Multiple responses^Footnote 87	577,455	387,820	150,925	4,535
Canadian - Total responses	447,090	194,595	245,460	3,200
Canadian - Single responses	210,605	67,860	140,735	1,220
Canadian - Multiple responses	236,485	126,735	104,720	1,975
English- Total responses	221,955	203,460	15,580	1,550
English - Single responses	32,415	31,530	775	45
English - Multiple responses	189,545	171,930	14,805	1,505
French - Total responses	304,240	120,310	177,745	3,615
French - Single responses	61,425	5,545	55,345	410
French - Multiple responses	242,810	114,765	122,395	3,205
Scottish - Total responses	182,800	168,770	12,390	1,035
Scottish - Single responses	16,420	15,525	835	30
Scottish - Multiple responses	166,380	153,245	11,555	1,010
Irish - Total responses	228,035	197,265	28,795	1,420
Irish - Single responses	25,165	22,335	2,710	95
Irish - Multiple responses	202,870	174,930	26,085	1,330
German - Total responses	85,015	67,680	9,280	430
German - Single responses	9,665	5,005	795	0
German - Multiple responses	75,350	62,675	8,485	415
Italian - Total responses	47,975	29,190	7,005	395
Italian - Single responses	15,960	6,025	850	45
Italian - Multiple responses	32,010	23,160	6,160	350
Chinese - Total responses	42,740	11,045	1,185	185
Chinese - Single responses	33,625	5,480	625	125
Chinese - Multiple responses	9,115	5,560	565	60
First Nations (North American Indian) - Total responses	48,035	22,305	24,445	715
First Nations (North American Indian) - Single responses	6,275	2,035	3,825	70
First Nations (North American Indian) - Multiple responses	41,755	20,270	20,620	645
Ukrainian - Total responses	23,885	18,945	1,060	45
Ukrainian - Single responses	4,050	2,305	100	0
Ukrainian - Multiple responses	19,840	16,640	960	40
East Indian - Total responses	25,545	12,165	815	100
East Indian - Single responses	17,100	6,720	60	50
East Indian - Multiple responses	8,450	5,445	755	55
Dutch - Total responses	30,220	25,580	1,440	140
Dutch - Single responses	6,700	4,360	140	0
Dutch - Multiple responses	23,520	21,220	1,305	140
Polish- Total responses	31,915	22,275	1,940	140
Polish - Single responses	7,590	2,330	160	0
Polish - Multiple responses	24,330	19,940	1,780	135
Filipino- Total responses	11,905	4,575	175	70
Filipino - Single responses	8,465	2,460	20	0
Filipino - Multiple responses	3,440	2,115	150	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Total responses^Footnote 88	33,180	31,630	1,150	155
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Single responses^Footnote 89	6,215	6,090	100	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. - Multiple responses^Footnote 90	26,965	25,540	1,050	155
Russian- Total responses	13,645	7,750	540	0
Russian - Single responses	2,585	320	70	0
Russian - Multiple responses	11,055	7,435	470	0
Welsh - Total responses	17,420	16,715	460	75
Welsh - Single responses	835	740	20	0
Welsh - Multiple responses	16,575	15,970	435	75
Norwegian - Total responses	6,770	5,995	535	60
Norwegian - Single responses	370	255	25	0
Norwegian - Multiple responses	6,405	5,745	510	45
Métis - Total responses	14,005	7,005	6,740	180
Métis - Single responses	1,690	595	1,065	35
Métis - Multiple responses	12,315	6,415	5,675	150
Portuguese - Total responses	12,320	4,305	1,900	55
Portuguese - Single responses	6,335	920	475	0
Portuguese - Multiple responses	5,980	3,385	1,425	50
American - Total responses	14,270	11,670	2,325	55
American - Single responses	1,000	790	185	0
American - Multiple responses	13,270	10,880	2,140	60
Spanish - Total responses	14,215	4,810	2,590	75
Spanish - Single responses	2,450	325	280	0
Spanish - Multiple responses	11,765	4,480	2,315	70
Swedish - Total responses	6,515	5,650	425	30
Swedish - Single responses	440	230	25	0
Swedish - Multiple responses	6,075	5,420	400	30
Hungarian - Total responses	8,135	5,190	530	55
Hungarian - Single responses	1,890	600	35	0
Hungarian - Multiple responses	6,250	4,590	495	55
Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over^Footnote 91	1,005,005	497,520	317,080	4,745
Without income	45,830	21,495	12,830	265
With income	959,175	476,020	304,250	4,485
Under $5,000^Footnote 92	85,685	43,140	21,055	640
$5,000 to $9,999	62,690	30,315	18,825	415
$10,000 to $14,999	75,285	35,630	23,720	450
$15,000 to $19,999	70,055	30,430	22,925	295
$20,000 to $29,999	103,210	46,430	33,325	545
$30,000 to $39,999	96,400	44,935	33,675	445
$40,000 to $49,999	94,375	45,950	33,685	415
$50,000 to $59,999	89,265	43,625	33,315	310
$60,000 to $79,999	121,835	62,845	41,045	575
$80,000 to $99,999	77,245	42,910	22,435	185
$100,000 and over	83,135	49,800	20,250	200
$100,000 to $124,999	43,150	24,835	11,230	125
$125,000 and over	39,990	24,965	9,020	80
Median income $^Footnote 93	38,543	41,376	39,564	27,471
Average income $^Footnote 94	47,727	51,317	45,925	36,126
After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over^Footnote 95	1,005,005	497,520	317,080	4,750
Without after-tax income	45,990	21,585	12,900	270
With after-tax income	959,015	475,935	304,180	4,475
Under $5,000^Footnote 96	88,535	44,670	21,985	640
$5,000 to $9,999	64,560	31,295	19,520	425
$10,000 to $14,999	76,765	36,490	24,010	450
$15,000 to $19,999	75,985	33,235	25,070	340
$20,000 to $29,999	124,025	55,125	42,000	680
$30,000 to $39,999	124,280	58,610	44,600	515
$40,000 to $49,999	121,980	58,705	45,615	505
$50,000 to $59,999	89,475	45,375	30,905	415
$60,000 to $79,999	117,160	65,260	33,540	340
$80,000 to $99,999	43,315	25,965	10,195	110
$100,000 and over	32,940	21,200	6,735	60
Median after-tax income $^Footnote 97	34,062	36,447	34,376	25,341
Average after-tax income $^Footnote 98	39,111	41,826	37,568	30,464
Total population aged 15 years and over by employment income statistics in 2010^Footnote 99	1,005,005	497,515	317,080	4,745
With employment income	727,835	371,825	229,270	3,185
Median employment income $^Footnote 100	40,135	41,103	41,774	27,985
Average employment income $^Footnote 101	48,218	50,451	46,539	36,655
With wages and salaries	681,495	348,370	216,340	3,030
Median wages and salaries $^Footnote 102	41,652	42,471	43,076	29,933
Average wages and salaries $^Footnote 103	48,492	50,494	46,881	37,120
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010	700,690	354,870	219,215	3,095
Worked full year, full time^Footnote 104	405,270	208,165	129,090	1,590
All others^Footnote 105	295,415	146,705	90,120	1,505

Symbol(s)

Symbol ..

not available for a specific reference period

Symbol ...

not applicable

Symbol x

suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act

Symbol F

too unreliable to be published

Footnote(s)

Footnote 1

For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) estimates, the global non-response rate (GNR) is used as an indicator of data quality. This indicator combines complete non-response (household) and partial non-response (question) into a single rate. The value of the GNR is presented to users. A smaller GNR indicates a lower risk of non-response bias and as a result, lower risk of inaccuracy. The threshold used for estimates' suppression is a GNR of 50% or more. For more information, please refer to the National Household Survey User Guide, 2011.

Footnote 2

Language groups are defined as follows: 'English' includes respondents who reported English only or English and one non-official language; 'French' includes respondents who reported French only or French and one non-official language; 'English and French' includes respondents who reported English and French, with or without one non-official language.

'Total' category includes all groups mentioned as well as respondents who reported a non-official language as their only mother tongue.

Footnote 3

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Footnote 4

Marital status
Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. Persons who are married or living common law may be of opposite sex or of the same sex. The classification is as follows:
Married (and not separated): A person who is married and has not separated or obtained a divorce, and whose spouse is living.

Common-law: A person who is living with another person as a couple but who is not legally married to that person.

Separated: A person who is married but who no longer lives with his/her spouse (for any reason other than illness, work or school) and who has not obtained a divorce. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Divorced: A person who has obtained a legal divorce and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Widowed: A person who has lost his/her spouse through death and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Single (never legally married): A person who has never married or a person whose marriage has been annulled and who has not remarried. Persons living common law are not included in this category.

Footnote 5

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in English only, in French only, in both English and French, or in neither English nor French.

Footnote 6

Selected Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal languages spoken most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 7

Selected non-Aboriginal languages
The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal most often spoken at home (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 National Household Survey.

Footnote 8

Other languages
This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the National Household Survey that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 9

Refers to languages, other than English or French, in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the NHS. Hence, this total is greater than the total population.

Footnote 10

Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree'), Swampy Cree, Plains Cree, Woods Cree, and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree, Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree).

Footnote 11

This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 12

This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages, other than English or French, collected on May 10, 2011 that are not displayed separately here.

Footnote 13

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 14

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2011, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Footnote 15

Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship.

Footnote 16

Includes persons who are stateless.

Footnote 17

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 18

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 19

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 20

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 21

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 22

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 23

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 24

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 25

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 26

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 27

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 28

Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 2006 and May 10, 2011.

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

Footnote 29

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Footnote 30

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Footnote 31

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Footnote 32

China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region.

Footnote 33

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Footnote 34

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Footnote 35

The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam.

Footnote 36

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Footnote 37

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Footnote 38

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities.

Footnote 39

Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth.

Footnote 40

Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years, while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens, while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada, but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 41

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 42

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10, 2011.

Footnote 43

Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit, or who is a refugee claimant, and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them.

Footnote 44

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation, second generation or third generation or more.

Footnote 45

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or have ever been, immigrants to Canada.

Footnote 46

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Footnote 47

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Footnote 48

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status, that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Footnote 49

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 50

'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Footnote 51

'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Footnote 52

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011, there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements, NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed, or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, National Household Survey (NHS), 2011.

Footnote 53

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.
'Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Footnote 54

Refers to whether a person was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Footnote 55

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 56

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 57

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 58

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 59

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007.

Footnote 60

Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2010 only.

Footnote 61

Experienced labour force refers to persons who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2011, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011.

Footnote 62

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Footnote 63

Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work.

Footnote 64

Population by language used most often at work.

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 65

Refers to the other language used regularly at work, as reported on May 10, 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2010.

Footnote 66

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

For further definitions, refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary, Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 67

'High school diploma or equivalent' refers to graduation from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Footnote 68

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas', 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 69

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 70

'Trades certificate or diploma (other than apprenticeship)' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres, and similar institutions.

Footnote 71

'Registered Apprenticeship certificate' includes Certificate of Qualification, Journeyperson's designation.

Footnote 72

Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below bachelor level' was over-reported in the National Household Survey (NHS). This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas, bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g., university transfer programs, bachelor's programs completed in other countries, incomplete bachelor's programs, non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution.

For any other comments on data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 73

'Earned doctorate.' This category refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Footnote 74

'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings,' a CIP variant.

For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011, Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm.

For any comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Footnote 75

Called 'Health, parks, recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000.

Footnote 76

Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other.'

Footnote 77

'Location of study' refers to the province, territory or country of the institution from which the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school level was completed.

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas, college, CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate, diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate, diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular, a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut), even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees.

For any other comments on collection, dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide, National Household Survey, Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006.

Footnote 78

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Footnote 79

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan,' etc.

Footnote 80

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Malaysian,' 'Laotian,' etc.

Footnote 81

For example, 'Iranian,' 'Afghan,' etc.

Footnote 82

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Footnote 83

Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Footnote 84

Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Footnote 85

The category 'Total population in private households by selected ethnic origin (single and multiple responses)' indicates the number of respondents who reported a specific ethnic origin, either as their only ethnic origin or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The sum of all total responses for all ethnic origins is greater than the total population estimate due to the reporting of multiple origins.

Footnote 86

A single ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides one ethnic origin only.

Footnote 87

A multiple ethnic origin response occurs when a respondent provides two or more ethnic origins.

Footnote 88

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 89

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 90

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Footnote 91

Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, employment insurance, old age security pension, Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump sum insurance settlements, capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received, unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans, Canada and Quebec pension plans, and employment insurance. Finally, voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter, and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 92

Including loss.

Footnote 93

For population with income.

Footnote 94

For population with income.

Footnote 95

After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years).

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative).

Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Footnote 96

Including loss.

Footnote 97

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 98

For population with after-tax income.

Footnote 99

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non-relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution, ranked by size of income, into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) with income in that group.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males aged 45 to 54) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings.

Footnote 100

For population with employment income.

Footnote 101

For population with employment income.

Footnote 102

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 103

For population with wages and salaries.

Footnote 104

Worked 49 to 52 weeks mostly full time (30 hours or more per week).

Footnote 105

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2010 only, persons who worked in 2011 only and persons who worked mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week) or in 48 weeks or less in 2010.

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 National Household Survey, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-010-X2011047.