Toronto - City (Census subdivision) GNR=26.5 Topic Characteristics Note Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Citizenship Total population in private households by citizenship 1 2576025 1239225 1336805 Citizenship Canadian citizens 2214540 1070090 1144450 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged under 18 437140 224370 212770 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 1777400 845720 931680 Citizenship Not Canadian citizens 2 361485 169135 192355 Immigrant status and period of immigration Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration 3 2576025 1239225 1336800 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrants 4 1258870 627405 631460 Immigrant status and period of immigration Immigrants 5 1252215 580795 671420 Immigrant status and period of immigration Before 1971 190000 86745 103255 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1971 to 1980 150585 68700 81880 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1981 to 1990 185680 87080 98605 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1991 to 2000 314470 144865 169610 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2011 6 411480 193400 218075 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2005 194955 91890 103065 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2006 to 2011 6 216525 101515 115010 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-permanent residents 7 64945 31025 33915 Age at immigration Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration 8 1252215 580790 671420 Age at immigration Under 5 years 96065 47545 48515 Age at immigration 5 to 14 years 199945 100120 99825 Age at immigration 15 to 24 years 281000 124005 156995 Age at immigration 25 to 44 years 541850 250735 291115 Age at immigration 45 years and over 133360 58385 74970 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth 9 2576030 1239225 1336805 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-immigrants 10 1258865 627400 631465 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born in province of residence 1102465 553200 549270 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born outside province of residence 156405 74210 82195 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Immigrants 11 1252210 580795 671420 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Americas 214215 93305 120905 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United States 25500 11965 13535 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Jamaica 45670 17950 27720 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Guyana 36995 16085 20910 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Haiti 1200 585 620 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Mexico 6265 2725 3550 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Trinidad and Tobago 22025 9430 12590 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Colombia 8410 3955 4455 Immigrant status and selected places of birth El Salvador 6925 3565 3365 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Peru 4005 1705 2300 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Chile 3615 1745 1865 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Americas 53605 23595 30005 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Europe 325165 151560 173610 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United Kingdom 12 45260 21270 23990 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Italy 53485 25390 28095 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Germany 12800 5765 7035 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Poland 24260 10400 13860 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Portugal 39525 18970 20555 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Netherlands 2865 1435 1425 Immigrant status and selected places of birth France 4460 2005 2455 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Romania 12395 5825 6575 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Russian Federation 17150 7525 9625 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Greece 21935 10710 11230 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ukraine 16665 7270 9390 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Croatia 5075 2170 2905 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hungary 9070 4055 5015 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bosnia and Herzegovina 5190 2630 2565 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Serbia 8825 4205 4620 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ireland; Republic of 4355 2155 2205 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Europe 41845 19780 22065 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Africa 70285 33450 36835 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Morocco 2230 1040 1195 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Algeria 580 335 245 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Egypt 5695 3120 2575 Immigrant status and selected places of birth South Africa; Republic of 5465 2865 2595 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Nigeria 6310 3180 3130 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ethiopia 7810 3655 4160 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Kenya 3855 1720 2135 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Africa 38330 17520 20810 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Asia 638920 300695 338220 Immigrant status and selected places of birth India 78870 39525 39340 Immigrant status and selected places of birth China 13 132145 60890 71255 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Philippines 102520 41425 61095 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 39340 18125 21215 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Viet Nam 14 31270 14610 16665 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Pakistan 33035 16660 16375 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Sri Lanka 59220 29070 30155 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iran 15 30690 15950 14745 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Korea; South 16 25860 11965 13890 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Lebanon 5700 3115 2585 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Taiwan 8025 3695 4335 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iraq 8485 4515 3970 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bangladesh 20100 10410 9685 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Afghanistan 11680 5880 5805 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Japan 3875 1185 2685 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Turkey 7215 3730 3480 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Asia 40890 19945 20950 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Oceania and other 17 3630 1785 1855 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Fiji 665 300 365 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth 18 2970 1485 1490 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-permanent residents 19 64945 31025 33915 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth 20 216525 101510 115015 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Americas 32485 15430 17055 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United States 5705 3005 2705 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mexico 2960 1280 1680 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cuba 1105 535 570 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Haiti 675 310 360 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Jamaica 3530 1680 1845 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Brazil 2470 1250 1220 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Colombia 3310 1550 1760 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Guyana 2745 1275 1470 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Peru 915 375 540 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Venezuela 21 785 400 390 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Americas 8285 3760 4525 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Europe 25120 12050 13070 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth France 1025 540 485 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Germany 775 435 340 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Poland 785 275 505 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Romania 1635 600 1035 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Moldova 22 830 410 425 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Russian Federation 3785 1590 2190 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ukraine 2930 1230 1700 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Kingdom 12 2235 1355 875 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Europe 11130 5620 5505 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Africa 14245 6680 7565 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nigeria 2895 1475 1420 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ethiopia 1375 580 795 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mauritius 420 165 260 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Somalia 1010 370 645 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Algeria 195 90 105 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Egypt 965 575 390 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Morocco 445 230 220 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Tunisia 115 50 70 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cameroon 445 230 215 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Congo; The Democratic Republic of the 620 225 390 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Africa; Republic of 370 195 175 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Africa 5380 2500 2885 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Asia 143840 66860 76980 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Philippines 31485 13120 18365 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth China 13 29105 13230 15875 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth India 21170 10765 10410 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Pakistan 7750 3590 4160 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iran 15 9690 4715 4975 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Korea 16 4260 1935 2325 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Sri Lanka 9535 4500 5040 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iraq 3490 1785 1715 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Bangladesh 7275 3680 3590 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Lebanon 745 475 270 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Viet Nam 14 1935 690 1240 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Taiwan 855 410 445 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Afghanistan 2255 1140 1120 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Japan 1050 280 770 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Turkey 2020 1015 1010 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Israel 1090 490 595 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nepal 1385 775 610 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 690 270 425 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Arab Emirates 755 410 350 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Saudi Arabia 840 475 365 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Syria 23 540 325 215 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Asia 5915 2795 3120 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Oceania and other 17 830 490 335 Generation status Total population in private households by generation status 24 2576025 1239225 1336800 Generation status First generation 25 1324850 615885 708965 Generation status Second generation 26 696380 348240 348140 Generation status Third generation or more 27 554795 275100 279695 Visible minority population Total population in private households by visible minority 2576025 1239225 1336800 Visible minority population Total visible minority population 28 1264395 598925 665465 Visible minority population South Asian 29 317100 158835 158260 Visible minority population Chinese 278390 132140 146250 Visible minority population Black 218160 97825 120335 Visible minority population Filipino 132445 55315 77130 Visible minority population Latin American 71205 34135 37065 Visible minority population Arab 28920 15605 13310 Visible minority population Southeast Asian 30 46825 22920 23910 Visible minority population West Asian 31 50235 25720 24515 Visible minority population Korean 37225 17730 19490 Visible minority population Japanese 12315 5450 6865 Visible minority population Visible minority; n.i.e. 32 33670 15115 18550 Visible minority population Multiple visible minorities 33 37920 18130 19785 Visible minority population Not a visible minority 34 1311635 640300 671330 Ethnic origin population Total population in private households by ethnic origins 35 2576025 1239225 1336800 Ethnic origin population North American Aboriginal origins 31390 14860 16530 Ethnic origin population First Nations (North American Indian) 25450 11955 13490 Ethnic origin population Inuit 535 320 220 Ethnic origin population Métis 6010 2845 3165 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins 313895 155080 158815 Ethnic origin population Acadian 2380 1190 1195 Ethnic origin population American 24810 12040 12775 Ethnic origin population Canadian 291665 144245 147420 Ethnic origin population New Brunswicker 60 35 30 Ethnic origin population Newfoundlander 1495 725 765 Ethnic origin population Nova Scotian 250 100 150 Ethnic origin population Ontarian 310 165 145 Ethnic origin population Québécois 865 350 510 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins; n.i.e. 36 270 140 130 Ethnic origin population European origins 1288430 623940 664490 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins 590810 287315 303495 Ethnic origin population Channel Islander 165 100 70 Ethnic origin population Cornish 250 100 150 Ethnic origin population English 333220 162195 171020 Ethnic origin population Irish 250460 118020 132435 Ethnic origin population Manx 320 180 140 Ethnic origin population Scottish 245545 118170 127370 Ethnic origin population Welsh 25990 11955 14040 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins; n.i.e. 37 51045 24465 26575 Ethnic origin population French origins 115500 54870 60635 Ethnic origin population Alsatian 220 85 135 Ethnic origin population Breton 35 15 0 Ethnic origin population French 115300 54790 60510 Ethnic origin population Western European origins (except French origins) 170715 82185 88535 Ethnic origin population Austrian 14430 6765 7660 Ethnic origin population Belgian 4255 2000 2255 Ethnic origin population Dutch 37745 18075 19670 Ethnic origin population Flemish 610 280 330 Ethnic origin population Frisian 110 70 40 Ethnic origin population German 119030 57575 61455 Ethnic origin population Luxembourger 360 170 195 Ethnic origin population Swiss 6810 3300 3515 Ethnic origin population Western European origins; n.i.e. 38 165 80 90 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 34125 16475 17650 Ethnic origin population Danish 7400 3610 3785 Ethnic origin population Finnish 7430 3545 3880 Ethnic origin population Icelandic 2395 1120 1275 Ethnic origin population Norwegian 8040 4145 3895 Ethnic origin population Swedish 9850 4450 5410 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins; n.i.e. 39 1280 685 595 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins 268970 126525 142450 Ethnic origin population Bulgarian 5865 2930 2935 Ethnic origin population Byelorussian 3150 1495 1660 Ethnic origin population Czech 8280 3770 4515 Ethnic origin population Czechoslovakian; n.o.s. 2100 890 1210 Ethnic origin population Estonian 4925 2065 2860 Ethnic origin population Hungarian 31435 14750 16685 Ethnic origin population Latvian 5435 2545 2890 Ethnic origin population Lithuanian 8355 4080 4280 Ethnic origin population Moldovan 1065 580 480 Ethnic origin population Polish 98315 46725 51595 Ethnic origin population Romanian 21115 10300 10810 Ethnic origin population Russian 62850 28895 33955 Ethnic origin population Slovak 6415 3145 3270 Ethnic origin population Ukrainian 64875 30395 34480 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins; n.i.e. 40 3215 1535 1685 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins 427170 208940 218225 Ethnic origin population Albanian 9885 5025 4860 Ethnic origin population Bosnian 2810 1350 1465 Ethnic origin population Croatian 12665 6100 6560 Ethnic origin population Cypriot 1295 675 625 Ethnic origin population Greek 55390 28175 27215 Ethnic origin population Italian 177065 86565 90495 Ethnic origin population Kosovar 380 190 185 Ethnic origin population Macedonian 12075 5810 6265 Ethnic origin population Maltese 6870 3605 3270 Ethnic origin population Montenegrin 850 390 460 Ethnic origin population Portuguese 93050 45675 47375 Ethnic origin population Serbian 17155 8605 8555 Ethnic origin population Sicilian 610 340 270 Ethnic origin population Slovenian 5065 2330 2735 Ethnic origin population Spanish 56635 26240 30395 Ethnic origin population Yugoslavian; n.o.s. 4250 1950 2300 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins; n.i.e. 41 150 80 65 Ethnic origin population Other European origins 86915 43755 43160 Ethnic origin population Basque 365 240 120 Ethnic origin population Jewish 78860 39400 39460 Ethnic origin population Roma (Gypsy) 1615 825 785 Ethnic origin population Slavic; n.o.s. 655 355 295 Ethnic origin population Other European origins; n.i.e. 42 6190 3320 2865 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins 148755 65410 83345 Ethnic origin population Antiguan 1170 715 455 Ethnic origin population Bahamian 335 175 160 Ethnic origin population Barbadian 8035 3325 4715 Ethnic origin population Bermudan 390 155 235 Ethnic origin population Carib 1020 415 605 Ethnic origin population Cuban 4065 1775 2290 Ethnic origin population Dominican 3505 1710 1795 Ethnic origin population Grenadian 6315 2580 3735 Ethnic origin population Haitian 2460 1165 1295 Ethnic origin population Jamaican 81380 35910 45470 Ethnic origin population Kittitian/Nevisian 925 425 505 Ethnic origin population Martinican 100 30 75 Ethnic origin population Montserratan 210 105 105 Ethnic origin population Puerto Rican 210 90 125 Ethnic origin population St. Lucian 3165 1100 2065 Ethnic origin population Trinidadian/Tobagonian 18205 8125 10080 Ethnic origin population Vincentian/Grenadinian 5285 2075 3205 Ethnic origin population West Indian; n.o.s. 17285 7700 9580 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins; n.i.e. 43 6930 2935 3995 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins 103360 48940 54420 Ethnic origin population Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 3770 1735 2035 Ethnic origin population Argentinian 3615 1820 1795 Ethnic origin population Belizean 155 55 100 Ethnic origin population Bolivian 770 335 435 Ethnic origin population Brazilian 6705 3370 3335 Ethnic origin population Chilean 4780 2455 2325 Ethnic origin population Colombian 10665 5195 5465 Ethnic origin population Costa Rican 1500 770 730 Ethnic origin population Ecuadorian 8080 3825 4255 Ethnic origin population Guatemalan 2890 1525 1360 Ethnic origin population Guyanese 28010 12765 15240 Ethnic origin population Hispanic 1335 510 825 Ethnic origin population Honduran 920 405 515 Ethnic origin population Maya 710 310 405 Ethnic origin population Mexican 9805 4745 5060 Ethnic origin population Nicaraguan 1850 715 1130 Ethnic origin population Panamanian 460 205 255 Ethnic origin population Paraguayan 190 60 125 Ethnic origin population Peruvian 4840 2185 2655 Ethnic origin population Salvadorean 9870 4950 4920 Ethnic origin population Uruguayan 1620 810 810 Ethnic origin population Venezuelan 2870 1345 1525 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins; n.i.e. 44 4295 1930 2365 Ethnic origin population African origins 126025 59970 66060 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins 24770 12325 12450 Ethnic origin population Akan 210 110 105 Ethnic origin population Angolan 725 335 385 Ethnic origin population Ashanti 235 120 115 Ethnic origin population Beninese 150 105 40 Ethnic origin population Burkinabe 55 20 35 Ethnic origin population Cameroonian 930 465 465 Ethnic origin population Chadian 30 25 0 Ethnic origin population Congolese 2285 1075 1205 Ethnic origin population Gabonese 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gambian 235 150 85 Ethnic origin population Ghanaian 9875 4735 5135 Ethnic origin population Guinean 185 70 115 Ethnic origin population Ibo 555 300 255 Ethnic origin population Ivorian 265 195 65 Ethnic origin population Liberian 245 145 105 Ethnic origin population Malian 70 45 25 Ethnic origin population Nigerian 6905 3515 3390 Ethnic origin population Peulh 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Senegalese 180 55 125 Ethnic origin population Sierra Leonean 305 170 135 Ethnic origin population Togolese 105 70 30 Ethnic origin population Yoruba 980 520 455 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins; n.i.e. 45 1740 855 890 Ethnic origin population North African origins 15620 8020 7605 Ethnic origin population Algerian 690 310 385 Ethnic origin population Berber 480 240 245 Ethnic origin population Coptic 375 185 190 Ethnic origin population Dinka 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Egyptian 8590 4530 4060 Ethnic origin population Libyan 430 230 195 Ethnic origin population Maure 175 120 55 Ethnic origin population Moroccan 3615 1780 1840 Ethnic origin population Sudanese 1380 640 740 Ethnic origin population Tunisian 440 220 220 Ethnic origin population North African origins; n.i.e. 46 190 100 85 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins 46880 22030 24850 Ethnic origin population Afrikaner 110 35 70 Ethnic origin population Amhara 305 165 140 Ethnic origin population Bantu; n.o.s. 260 160 105 Ethnic origin population Burundian 395 255 140 Ethnic origin population Eritrean 4210 2035 2175 Ethnic origin population Ethiopian 10170 4900 5270 Ethnic origin population Harari 380 125 255 Ethnic origin population Kenyan 1665 795 865 Ethnic origin population Malagasy 55 20 35 Ethnic origin population Mauritian 660 280 380 Ethnic origin population Oromo 580 345 235 Ethnic origin population Rwandan 705 295 410 Ethnic origin population Seychellois 35 0 20 Ethnic origin population Somali 18580 8275 10305 Ethnic origin population South African 4135 2140 2000 Ethnic origin population Tanzanian 910 405 505 Ethnic origin population Tigrian 275 165 110 Ethnic origin population Ugandan 1050 500 555 Ethnic origin population Zambian 180 90 95 Ethnic origin population Zimbabwean 1165 595 570 Ethnic origin population Zulu 110 50 65 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins; n.i.e. 47 3535 1675 1865 Ethnic origin population Other African origins 41775 19130 22650 Ethnic origin population Black; n.o.s. 48 7040 2950 4095 Ethnic origin population Other African origins; n.i.e. 49 35275 16415 18865 Ethnic origin population Asian origins 981770 470315 511445 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 123425 63400 60025 Ethnic origin population Afghan 17370 8840 8530 Ethnic origin population Arab; n.o.s. 10265 5500 4765 Ethnic origin population Armenian 10060 5005 5055 Ethnic origin population Assyrian 1955 1020 930 Ethnic origin population Azerbaijani 1415 725 690 Ethnic origin population Georgian 760 380 380 Ethnic origin population Iranian 37255 18970 18285 Ethnic origin population Iraqi 8505 4390 4115 Ethnic origin population Israeli 3935 1910 2025 Ethnic origin population Jordanian 990 510 480 Ethnic origin population Kazakh 325 185 145 Ethnic origin population Kurd 1885 995 885 Ethnic origin population Kuwaiti 100 40 55 Ethnic origin population Lebanese 11175 5850 5325 Ethnic origin population Palestinian 2530 1375 1150 Ethnic origin population Pashtun 675 340 335 Ethnic origin population Saudi Arabian 1440 715 720 Ethnic origin population Syrian 3620 1935 1690 Ethnic origin population Tajik 615 295 320 Ethnic origin population Tatar 485 220 270 Ethnic origin population Turk 12425 6190 6230 Ethnic origin population Uighur 305 145 165 Ethnic origin population Uzbek 770 375 395 Ethnic origin population Yemeni 835 370 460 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins; n.i.e. 50 3380 1925 1450 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins 331810 165305 166510 Ethnic origin population Bangladeshi 13505 6860 6635 Ethnic origin population Bengali 8560 4385 4180 Ethnic origin population East Indian 48 195590 97170 98420 Ethnic origin population Goan 1580 715 860 Ethnic origin population Gujarati 1745 890 855 Ethnic origin population Kashmiri 515 285 230 Ethnic origin population Nepali 1515 775 740 Ethnic origin population Pakistani 31605 16180 15420 Ethnic origin population Punjabi 5905 3045 2865 Ethnic origin population Sinhalese 1680 750 935 Ethnic origin population Sri Lankan 59000 29145 29855 Ethnic origin population Tamil 22675 11370 11310 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins; n.i.e. 51 14390 7240 7150 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins 533605 245000 288605 Ethnic origin population Burmese 1015 445 570 Ethnic origin population Cambodian (Khmer) 2195 1050 1145 Ethnic origin population Chinese 308690 145715 162975 Ethnic origin population Filipino 140420 58925 81500 Ethnic origin population Hmong 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Indonesian 2040 965 1070 Ethnic origin population Japanese 15495 7005 8495 Ethnic origin population Korean 39305 18615 20685 Ethnic origin population Laotian 1300 640 665 Ethnic origin population Malaysian 2695 1055 1635 Ethnic origin population Mongolian 905 480 420 Ethnic origin population Singaporean 325 140 185 Ethnic origin population Taiwanese 4495 2130 2365 Ethnic origin population Thai 1825 715 1110 Ethnic origin population Tibetan 4245 2105 2145 Ethnic origin population Vietnamese 35985 17365 18620 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins; n.i.e. 52 1415 690 720 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins 5085 2585 2495 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins; n.i.e. 53 5085 2590 2495 Ethnic origin population Oceania origins 5125 2525 2595 Ethnic origin population Australian 3085 1555 1535 Ethnic origin population New Zealander 1185 590 595 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins 940 405 530 Ethnic origin population Fijian 500 220 285 Ethnic origin population Hawaiian 185 100 90 Ethnic origin population Maori 45 0 35 Ethnic origin population Polynesian; n.o.s. 50 20 25 Ethnic origin population Samoan 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins; n.i.e. 54 155 55 95 Religion Total population in private households by religion 55 2576025 1239225 1336800 Religion Buddhist 68885 30910 37975 Religion Christian 1394210 637595 756610 Religion Anglican 99655 44835 54815 Religion Baptist 35310 15325 19980 Religion Catholic 725565 335060 390500 Religion Christian Orthodox 111430 53890 57535 Religion Lutheran 15645 6980 8660 Religion Pentecostal 41330 16915 24415 Religion Presbyterian 38140 17505 20635 Religion United Church 77070 33285 43785 Religion Other Christian 250065 113795 136270 Religion Hindu 145035 72750 72285 Religion Jewish 98690 47925 50765 Religion Muslim 212345 106425 105920 Religion Sikh 20405 10185 10220 Religion Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 850 400 450 Religion Other religions 12950 5945 7005 Religion No religious affiliation 622655 327085 295570 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 2576025 1239225 1336800 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identity 56 19265 8980 10290 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) single identity 57 12990 6060 6925 Aboriginal population Métis single identity 4875 2250 2625 Aboriginal population Inuk (Inuit) single identity 305 165 140 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal identities 58 180 80 95 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere 59 920 430 495 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal identity 2556760 1230245 1326515 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status 57 2576030 1239225 1336800 Aboriginal population Registered or Treaty Indian 60 7040 3180 3855 Aboriginal population Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 2568985 1236040 1332945 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry 61 2576030 1239225 1336800 Aboriginal population Aboriginal ancestry 62 31390 14860 16530 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry 57 25445 11955 13490 Aboriginal population Métis ancestry 6010 2845 3165 Aboriginal population Inuit ancestry 535 320 220 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal ancestry only 63 2544635 1224370 1320275 Non-official languages spoken Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken 64 1387405 655545 731860 Non-official languages spoken Aboriginal languages 1005 495 510 Non-official languages spoken Algonquin 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Atikamekw 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Blackfoot 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Cree languages 65 375 185 195 Non-official languages spoken Mi'kmaq 25 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ojibway 340 170 170 Non-official languages spoken Oji-Cree 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Carrier 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Dene 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Tlicho (Dogrib) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slavey; n.o.s. 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Stoney 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Inuktitut 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Other Aboriginal languages 66 230 90 140 Non-official languages spoken Non-Aboriginal languages 1386545 655135 731410 Non-official languages spoken Italian 102445 48390 54050 Non-official languages spoken Portuguese 70985 34870 36110 Non-official languages spoken Romanian 13655 6540 7115 Non-official languages spoken Spanish 113760 53125 60640 Non-official languages spoken Dutch 5025 2400 2625 Non-official languages spoken Flemish 165 65 95 Non-official languages spoken German 34560 16755 17805 Non-official languages spoken Yiddish 5420 2545 2875 Non-official languages spoken Danish 1085 515 570 Non-official languages spoken Norwegian 465 175 290 Non-official languages spoken Swedish 1525 650 875 Non-official languages spoken Afrikaans 1815 905 910 Non-official languages spoken Gaelic languages 1080 490 590 Non-official languages spoken Bosnian 1500 750 750 Non-official languages spoken Bulgarian 4405 2200 2205 Non-official languages spoken Croatian 8460 4015 4445 Non-official languages spoken Czech 4210 1980 2225 Non-official languages spoken Macedonian 8760 4165 4590 Non-official languages spoken Polish 33685 14830 18855 Non-official languages spoken Russian 51265 23575 27690 Non-official languages spoken Serbian 15515 7705 7815 Non-official languages spoken Serbo-Croatian 2055 1000 1050 Non-official languages spoken Slovak 2385 1045 1335 Non-official languages spoken Slovenian 2295 950 1340 Non-official languages spoken Ukrainian 22015 9755 12260 Non-official languages spoken Latvian 2420 1045 1375 Non-official languages spoken Lithuanian 2125 870 1255 Non-official languages spoken Greek 41140 20440 20695 Non-official languages spoken Armenian 8225 3960 4265 Non-official languages spoken Albanian 8805 4385 4420 Non-official languages spoken Estonian 2495 945 1555 Non-official languages spoken Finnish 1745 585 1155 Non-official languages spoken Hungarian 15565 7045 8520 Non-official languages spoken Turkish 11880 6185 5695 Non-official languages spoken Berber languages (Kabyle) 25 20 0 Non-official languages spoken Oromo 1250 685 560 Non-official languages spoken Somali 15130 6555 8575 Non-official languages spoken Amharic 8020 3745 4275 Non-official languages spoken Arabic 38850 20790 18060 Non-official languages spoken Hebrew 18545 8975 9570 Non-official languages spoken Maltese 2145 1085 1055 Non-official languages spoken Tigrigna 3710 1740 1970 Non-official languages spoken Semitic languages; n.i.e. 5055 2545 2505 Non-official languages spoken Bengali 27760 14160 13600 Non-official languages spoken Gujarati 35355 17870 17485 Non-official languages spoken Hindi 58320 30275 28045 Non-official languages spoken Konkani 1325 595 735 Non-official languages spoken Marathi 2235 1175 1055 Non-official languages spoken Panjabi (Punjabi) 35975 18500 17475 Non-official languages spoken Sindhi 3485 1590 1895 Non-official languages spoken Sinhala (Sinhalese) 7075 3645 3435 Non-official languages spoken Urdu 54480 27660 26820 Non-official languages spoken Nepali 2050 1125 930 Non-official languages spoken Kurdish 1485 765 725 Non-official languages spoken Pashto 4680 2480 2200 Non-official languages spoken Persian (Farsi) 48640 25045 23590 Non-official languages spoken Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 1600 835 760 Non-official languages spoken Kannada 985 510 470 Non-official languages spoken Malayalam 4440 2480 1960 Non-official languages spoken Tamil 79330 39005 40330 Non-official languages spoken Telugu 3405 1735 1675 Non-official languages spoken Japanese 10875 5020 5855 Non-official languages spoken Korean 34355 16050 18310 Non-official languages spoken Cantonese 103845 47580 56270 Non-official languages spoken Fukien 1765 750 1010 Non-official languages spoken Hakka 1370 590 785 Non-official languages spoken Mandarin 84600 39530 45070 Non-official languages spoken Taiwanese 2030 960 1065 Non-official languages spoken Chinese; n.o.s. 82750 39220 43530 Non-official languages spoken Lao 1190 545 645 Non-official languages spoken Thai 1775 680 1100 Non-official languages spoken Khmer (Cambodian) 1570 770 800 Non-official languages spoken Vietnamese 32085 15170 16915 Non-official languages spoken Bisayan languages 3705 1675 2030 Non-official languages spoken Ilocano 6855 2760 4100 Non-official languages spoken Malay 3055 1525 1530 Non-official languages spoken Tagalog (Pilipino;Filipino) 108655 42285 66370 Non-official languages spoken Akan (Twi) 6780 3015 3765 Non-official languages spoken Lingala 1285 540 745 Non-official languages spoken Rundi (Kirundi) 295 185 110 Non-official languages spoken Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 440 195 245 Non-official languages spoken Swahili 5640 2485 3155 Non-official languages spoken Bantu languages; n.i.e. 2105 905 1200 Non-official languages spoken Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 4625 2435 2185 Non-official languages spoken African languages; n.i.e. 1735 930 810 Non-official languages spoken Creoles 6425 2690 3725 Non-official languages spoken Other non-Aboriginal languages 67 20080 9470 10610 Mobility Total - Mobility status 1 year ago 68 2547365 1224480 1322880 Mobility Non-movers 2209985 1059595 1150390 Mobility Movers 337380 164885 172490 Mobility Non-migrants 229625 111880 117750 Mobility Migrants 107750 53005 54740 Mobility Internal migrants 57520 27410 30110 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 45430 21660 23775 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 12095 5755 6335 Mobility External migrants 50225 25595 24635 Mobility Total - Mobility status 5 years ago 69 2435675 1167380 1268290 Mobility Non-movers 1415355 671570 743785 Mobility Movers 1020320 495810 524510 Mobility Non-migrants 644555 314320 330235 Mobility Migrants 375760 181495 194270 Mobility Internal migrants 175180 84785 90395 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 139635 67565 72070 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 35545 17220 18325 Mobility External migrants 200580 96710 103870 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 2175830 1033990 1141840 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 380965 176285 204685 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 523320 250335 272985 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 1271545 607370 664175 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 111450 68500 42950 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 330080 143770 186310 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 113640 49965 63670 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 716375 345130 371245 Education Bachelor's degree 436755 204265 232490 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 279625 140870 138755 Education Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 1491890 712015 779870 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 158285 76260 82025 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 306005 149355 156650 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 1027595 486400 541195 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 77465 46980 30485 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 260810 114070 146735 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 87620 38600 49020 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 601705 286750 314955 Education Bachelor's degree 362580 169115 193465 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 239120 117630 121490 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011 76 2175830 1033990 1141840 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 77 904280 426615 477665 Education Education 72115 16200 55915 Education Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 77615 37680 39935 Education Humanities 98475 36650 61825 Education Social and behavioural sciences and law 184375 70770 113610 Education Business; management and public administration 297840 131255 166585 Education Physical and life sciences and technologies 58360 28890 29475 Education Mathematics; computer and information sciences 71345 45355 25985 Education Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 204540 174985 29560 Education Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 13845 7605 6235 Education Health and related fields 78 148170 35945 112220 Education Personal; protective and transportation services 44675 22010 22670 Education Other fields of study 79 190 25 160 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence 80 2175830 1033990 1141840 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 904285 426620 477665 Education With postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 1271545 607370 664175 Education Location of study inside Canada 855830 404675 451150 Education Same as province or territory of residence 780370 368335 412035 Education Another province or territory 75465 36345 39120 Education Location of study outside Canada 415715 202690 213020 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 1461625 742940 718685 Language used most often at work Single responses 1436230 731210 705020 Language used most often at work English 1381870 704170 677695 Language used most often at work French 5600 1675 3930 Language used most often at work Non-official languages 48760 25365 23395 Language used most often at work Chinese; n.o.s. 11210 5890 5320 Language used most often at work Cantonese 8515 4250 4275 Language used most often at work Panjabi (Punjabi) 465 285 185 Language used most often at work Mandarin 6010 3215 2795 Language used most often at work Spanish 2890 1435 1455 Language used most often at work Korean 2790 1405 1390 Language used most often at work German 365 170 195 Language used most often at work Cree languages 82 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Portuguese 4525 2965 1560 Language used most often at work Inuktitut 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Other languages 11970 5760 6210 Language used most often at work Multiple responses 25395 11735 13660 Language used most often at work English and French 6530 2600 3930 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 18310 8915 9400 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 100 35 60 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 450 180 270 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 1461625 742945 718685 Language used most often at work English 1381865 704170 677695 Language used most often at work French 5605 1675 3930 Language used most often at work Non-official language 48760 25365 23395 Language used most often at work Aboriginal 25 0 25 Language used most often at work Non-Aboriginal 48735 25365 23370 Language used most often at work English and French 6530 2595 3930 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 18310 8915 9395 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 100 40 65 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 450 180 270 Labour force status Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status 83 2175830 1033990 1141840 Labour force status In the labour force 1399985 714745 685240 Labour force status Employed 1269150 650740 618410 Labour force status Unemployed 130835 64005 66830 Labour force status Not in the labour force 775845 319245 456600 Labour force status Participation rate 64.3 69.1 60.0 Labour force status Employment rate 58.3 62.9 54.2 Labour force status Unemployment rate 9.3 9.0 9.8 Class of worker Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker 84 1399985 714745 685240 Class of worker Class of worker - not applicable 85 50795 23770 27025 Class of worker All classes of worker 86 1349195 690975 658220 Class of worker Employee 1196820 593740 603075 Class of worker Self-employed 87 152370 97230 55145 Occupation Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011 88 1399990 714750 685240 Occupation Occupation - not applicable 89 50790 23775 27020 Occupation All occupations 86 1349195 690975 658215 Occupation 0 Management occupations 153440 90465 62980 Occupation 1 Business; finance and administration occupations 256410 93030 163380 Occupation 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 111835 86035 25795 Occupation 3 Health occupations 72980 18990 53990 Occupation 4 Occupations in education; law and social; community and government services 174850 58640 116210 Occupation 5 Occupations in art; culture; recreation and sport 72110 37100 35010 Occupation 6 Sales and service occupations 315905 149760 166150 Occupation 7 Trades; transport and equipment operators and related occupations 121260 113555 7710 Occupation 8 Natural resources; agriculture and related production occupations 7235 6140 1095 Occupation 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 63165 37260 25905 Industry Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007 90 1399990 714745 685240 Industry Industry - not applicable 89 50790 23770 27020 Industry All industries 86 1349195 690975 658220 Industry 11 Agriculture; forestry; fishing and hunting 1935 1135 800 Industry 21 Mining; quarrying; and oil and gas extraction 2360 1505 850 Industry 22 Utilities 7260 4760 2505 Industry 23 Construction 64910 58380 6535 Industry 31-33 Manufacturing 109465 73185 36285 Industry 41 Wholesale trade 57710 35580 22135 Industry 44-45 Retail trade 133240 62555 70680 Industry 48-49 Transportation and warehousing 51345 38650 12695 Industry 51 Information and cultural industries 62860 35260 27600 Industry 52 Finance and insurance 112415 53730 58685 Industry 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 35215 19590 15625 Industry 54 Professional; scientific and technical services 155435 86300 69135 Industry 55 Management of companies and enterprises 1975 950 1020 Industry 56 Administrative and support; waste management and remediation services 72625 38445 34175 Industry 61 Educational services 100865 37230 63640 Industry 62 Health care and social assistance 131520 29315 102200 Industry 71 Arts; entertainment and recreation 32250 16685 15560 Industry 72 Accommodation and food services 88295 43225 45070 Industry 81 Other services (except public administration) 67375 26300 41075 Industry 91 Public administration 60140 28185 31960 Work activity Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010 91 1399990 714745 685235 Work activity Did not work in 2010 92 99070 47180 51890 Work activity Worked in 2010 1300920 667570 633350 Work activity 1 to 13 weeks 72155 33750 38405 Work activity 14 to 26 weeks 100840 48040 52800 Work activity 27 to 39 weeks 81460 40510 40950 Work activity 40 to 48 weeks 216300 108590 107715 Work activity 49 to 52 weeks 830155 436680 393475 Work activity Average weeks worked in 2010 44.5 44.9 44.0 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010 93 1399985 714750 685240 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Did not work in 2010 92 99070 47180 51890 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked in 2010 1300915 667570 633350 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked full-time in 2010 1059545 571785 487755 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked part-time in 2010 241375 95780 145590 Place of work status Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status 94 1269150 650740 618410 Place of work status Worked at home 87795 44715 43080 Place of work status Worked outside Canada 6745 4365 2380 Place of work status No fixed workplace address 140480 97480 43005 Place of work status Worked at usual place 1034130 504180 529945 Mode of transportation Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation 95 1174610 601660 572950 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a driver 567555 345885 221675 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a passenger 53380 19495 33880 Mode of transportation Public transit 429275 176285 252985 Mode of transportation Walked 85475 38040 47435 Mode of transportation Bicycle 25350 15740 9605 Mode of transportation Other methods 13585 6210 7375 Median commuting duration Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting duration 96 1174610 601660 572950 Median commuting duration Median commuting duration 30.4 30.4 30.4 Time leaving for work Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for work 97 1174610 601665 572945 Time leaving for work Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 207235 129745 77490 Time leaving for work Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 712255 338885 373370 Time leaving for work Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 255115 133030 122090 Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwelling 98 1047875 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 965725 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Major repairs needed 82150 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of construction 99 1047875 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1960 or before 377575 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1961 to 1980 344160 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1981 to 1990 122915 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1991 to 2000 77925 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2001 to 2005 61570 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2006 to 2011 100 63730 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of rooms 101 1047875 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1 to 4 rooms 480800 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 5 rooms 156695 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 6 rooms 125525 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 7 rooms 97175 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 8 or more rooms 187680 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Average number of rooms per dwelling 5.2 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms 102 1047875 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 0 to 1 bedroom 304985 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2 bedrooms 294185 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 3 bedrooms 277105 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 4 or more bedrooms 171600 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by tenure 103 1047875 ... ... Household characteristics Owner 571790 ... ... Household characteristics Renter 476085 ... ... Household characteristics Band housing 0 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by condominium status 104 1047875 ... ... Household characteristics Part of a condominium development 234965 ... ... Household characteristics Not part of a condominium development 812915 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of household maintainers 105 1047880 ... ... Household characteristics 1 household maintainer 665050 ... ... Household characteristics 2 household maintainers 345085 ... ... Household characteristics 3 or more household maintainers 37740 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainers 106 1047875 ... ... Household characteristics Under 25 years 36590 ... ... Household characteristics 25 to 34 years 173845 ... ... Household characteristics 35 to 44 years 204985 ... ... Household characteristics 45 to 54 years 225945 ... ... Household characteristics 55 to 64 years 178025 ... ... Household characteristics 65 to 74 years 113435 ... ... Household characteristics 75 years and over 115050 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of persons per room 107 1047875 ... ... Household characteristics One person or fewer per room 989695 ... ... Household characteristics More than one person per room 58180 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by housing suitability 108 1047875 ... ... Household characteristics Suitable 903090 ... ... Household characteristics Not suitable 144785 ... ... Shelter costs Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero; in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio 109 1044275 ... ... Shelter costs Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 680810 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 363465 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 290090 ... ... Shelter costs Number of owner households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 571785 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households with a mortgage 110 55.8 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 111 27.6 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1304 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1443 ... ... Shelter costs Median value of dwellings ($) 113 401400 ... ... Shelter costs Average value of dwellings ($) 113 517309 ... ... Shelter costs Number of tenant households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 476085 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households in subsidized housing 114 16.5 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 115 43.5 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 1001 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 1026 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over 117 2175830 1033990 1141840 Income of individuals in 2010 Without income 127060 55070 71995 Income of individuals in 2010 With income 2048770 978920 1069845 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 118 255925 126105 129820 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 149520 59515 90010 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 187965 77520 110450 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 207040 84150 122890 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 285550 126200 159355 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 218580 104260 114325 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 180965 88830 92135 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 134430 68685 65745 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 175655 92790 82865 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 102985 55330 47655 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 150150 95540 54615 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 58850 34310 24540 Income of individuals in 2010 $125;000 and over 91295 61225 30075 Income of individuals in 2010 Median income ($) 119 27371 31233 24359 Income of individuals in 2010 Average income ($) 119 44517 52716 37015 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over 120 2175830 1033990 1141840 Income of individuals in 2010 Without after-tax income 127360 55080 72285 Income of individuals in 2010 With after-tax income 2048470 978910 1069555 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 121 258745 127060 131680 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 151090 60000 91090 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 192755 79525 113225 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 220340 89905 130435 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 323530 146280 177245 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 261930 126235 135695 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 201850 101230 100625 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 133285 70820 62465 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 161450 86595 74850 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 61420 35705 25715 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 82085 55560 26525 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 122 25669 28963 23204 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 122 36291 41817 31234 Income of individuals in 2010 Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%) 123 100.0 100.0 100.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Market income (%) 124 88.5 91.5 84.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment income (%) 125 76.1 79.6 71.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Wages and salaries (%) 126 69.6 71.5 67.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Self-employment income (%) 127 6.6 8.0 4.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Investment income (%) 128 5.7 5.5 6.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Retirement pensions; superannuation and annuities (%) 129 4.9 4.8 5.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Other money income (%) 130 1.8 1.7 1.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Government transfer payments (%) 131 11.5 8.5 15.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%) 132 2.7 2.3 3.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%) 133 2.7 1.9 3.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment Insurance benefits (%) 134 1.2 1.0 1.6 Income of individuals in 2010 Child benefits (%) 135 1.4 0.1 3.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Other income from government sources (%) 136 3.4 3.1 3.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Income taxes paid as a % of total income 137 18.5 20.7 15.6 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income as a % of total income 138 81.5 79.3 84.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Net capital gains or losses as a % of total income 139 2.8 3.0 2.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year; full time and with employment income in 2010 140 736355 397720 338635 Income of individuals in 2010 Median employment income in 2010 ($) 49436 52134 46282 Income of individuals in 2010 Average employment income in 2010 ($) 67499 76053 57452 Income of individuals in 2010 Family income in 2010 of economic families 141 675900 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 72890 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 105526 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 65335 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 85701 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 3.1 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-only economic families 142 203300 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 71851 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 105480 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 63576 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 84442 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-with-children economic families 143 311830 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 89539 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 126706 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 78999 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 101744 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 4.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Lone-parent economic families 144 127050 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 44584 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 59719 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 42232 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 52146 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.7 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic families 145 468600 219340 249265 Income of individuals in 2010 Median total income ($) 146 29108 30404 28069 Income of individuals in 2010 Average total income ($) 146 42425 44738 40390 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 147 26828 27681 26086 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 147 35033 36376 33851 Income of individuals in 2010 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income 148 2576030 1239225 1336800 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 1365960 640960 725000 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom decile 336655 160830 175825 Income of individuals in 2010 In second decile 312385 140115 172270 Income of individuals in 2010 In third decile 260810 121420 139390 Income of individuals in 2010 In fourth decile 234565 112300 122265 Income of individuals in 2010 In fifth decile 221550 106295 115255 Income of individuals in 2010 In top half of the Canadian distribution 1210070 598265 611800 Income of individuals in 2010 In sixth decile 211180 101985 109200 Income of individuals in 2010 In seventh decile 212000 102820 109185 Income of individuals in 2010 In eighth decile 212690 104130 108555 Income of individuals in 2010 In ninth decile 237545 118175 119365 Income of individuals in 2010 In top decile 336650 171160 165495 Income of households in 2010 Household total income in 2010 of private households 149 1047875 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 40120 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 24230 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 36950 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 58390 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 99650 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 97935 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 95330 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 84030 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 135840 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 101985 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 84855 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 to $149;999 56140 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $150;000 and over 132425 ... ... Income of households in 2010 After-tax income of households in 2010 of private households 150 1047875 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 40950 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 24335 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 37710 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 60400 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 109180 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 116755 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 113210 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 94535 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 148830 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 98000 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 and over 203975 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 76535 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 and over 127435 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Household income in 2010 of private households 151 1047875 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 58381 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 87038 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 52149 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 70945 ... ... Income of households in 2010 One-person private households 152 330680 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 34562 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 48165 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 31282 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 39364 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Two-or-more-persons private households 152 717195 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 73299 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 104962 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 65708 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 85506 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Population in private households for income status 153 2576025 1239225 1336800 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 487320 250425 236900 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 167175 85460 81715 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 1734595 834430 900170 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 354110 154375 199735 Income of individuals in 2010 In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 496660 230075 266590 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 122135 61995 60135 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 42825 21375 21450 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 332360 154050 178305 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 42170 14025 28140 Income of individuals in 2010 Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 19.3 18.6 19.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years (%) 25.1 24.8 25.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years (%) 25.6 25.0 26.2 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years (%) 19.2 18.5 19.8 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over (%) 11.9 9.1 14.1 Symbols: .. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act Notes: 1. Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless that is they may have no citizenship. 2. Includes persons who are stateless. 3. Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 4. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 5. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 6. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 7. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 8. Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 9. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level. 10. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 11. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 12. The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 13. China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 14. The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 15. The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 16. The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 17. The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 18. The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 19. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 20. Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1 2006 and May 10 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 21. The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 22. The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 23. The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 24. Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation second generation or third generation or more. 25. 'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part these are people who are now or have ever been immigrants to Canada. 26. 'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part these are the children of immigrants. 27. 'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada. 28. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' 29. For example 'East Indian' 'Pakistani' 'Sri Lankan' etc. 30. For example 'Vietnamese' 'Cambodian' 'Malaysian' 'Laotian' etc. 31. For example 'Iranian' 'Afghan' etc. 32. The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese' 'West Indian' 'Tibetan' 'Polynesian' 'Pacific Islander' etc. 33. Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian.' 34. Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. 35. This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS. 36. Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g. 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maritimer' 'Manitoban'). 37. Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g. 'British' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Celtic'). 38. Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g. 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Liechtensteiner'). 39. Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g. 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Faroese' 'Scandinavian'). 40. Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g. 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baltic'). 41. Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g. 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Gibraltarian'). 42. Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g. 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Central European'). 43. Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g. 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Guadelupian' 'Aruban'). 44. Includes general responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins (e.g. 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Surinamese'). 45. Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g. 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Ewe' 'Wolof'). 46. Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g. 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maghreb'). 47. Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g. 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Hutu' 'Shona'). 48. Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS) while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent with a similar ancestral background may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another similar respondent may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result ethnic origin data are very fluid and counts for certain origins such as 'East Indian' and 'Black' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note however that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.) 49. Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g. 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Saharan'). 50. Includes general responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g. 'West Asian' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baloch' 'Circassian'). 51. Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g. 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bhutanese'). 52. Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g. 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bruneian' 'Karen'). 53. Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g. 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Eurasian'). 54. Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g. 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Tahitian'). 55. Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination group body sect cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist agnostic or humanist or can provide another applicable response. 56. 'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. 57. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011 there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide National Household Survey (NHS) 2011. 58. 'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 59. 'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 60. Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 61. This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey. 62. 'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17 either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin. 63. 'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17. 64. Refers to languages other than English or French in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence this total is greater than the total population. 65. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 66. This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 67. This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages other than English or French collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 68. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 69. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 70. 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 71. 'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 72. 'Postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas' 'college CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates diplomas and degrees. 73. 'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges institutes of technology vocational centres and similar institutions. 74. Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g. university transfer programs bachelor's programs completed in other countries incomplete bachelor's programs non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution. 75. 'University certificate diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level' 'Degree in medicine dentistry veterinary medicine or optometry' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.' 76. 'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification see the Classification of Instructional Programs Canada 2011 Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 77. 'No postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma a college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate diploma or degree. 78. Called 'Health parks recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000. 79. Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies other.' 80. 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011 a different Canadian province or territory or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut) even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study' refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 81. Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work as reported on May 10 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1 2010. 82. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 83. Refers to whether a person was employed unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011. In the past this variable was called Labour force activity. 84. Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business as well as unpaid family workers.  85. Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 86. Experienced labour force refers to persons who during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011. 87. Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers. 88. Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.  89. Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 90. Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007. 91. Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). 92. Includes persons who never worked persons who worked prior to 2010 only or persons who worked in 2011 only. 93. Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. 94. Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home worked outside Canada had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work). 95. Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work. 96. Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves i.e. the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median. 97. Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work. 98. Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions. 99. Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. 100. Includes data up to May 10 2011. 101. Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms halls vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements). 102. Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now even if they were not originally built as bedrooms such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms. 103. Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). 104. Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others. 105. Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments the reference person is identified by default. 106. Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity bill and so on for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally an adult is listed first followed if applicable by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 107. Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. 108. Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age sex and relationships among household members. An alternative variable the number of persons per room considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies. 109. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 110. Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling. 111. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 112. Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services property taxes and condominium fees. 113. Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. 114. Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income social housing public housing government-assisted housing non-profit housing rent supplements and housing allowances. 115. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 116. Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat and municipal services. 117. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 118. Including loss. 119. For population with income. 120. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 121. Including loss. 122. For population with after-tax income. 123. Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 124. Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income retirement pensions superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. 125. Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment. 126. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. 127. Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. 128. Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks trust companies cooperatives credit unions caisses populaires etc. as well as interest on savings certificates bonds and debentures and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources such as net rents from real estate mortgage and loan interest received regular income from an estate or trust fund and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses. 129. Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity a fixed-term annuity or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund an insurance company etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions. 130. Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example severance pay and retirement allowances alimony child support periodic support from other persons not in the household income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest) non refundable scholarships bursaries fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included. 131. Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources. 132. Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example retirement pensions survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits. 133. Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010. 134. Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010 before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment sickness maternity paternity adoption work sharing retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program. 135. Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB) a joint initiative of federal provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB). 136. Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal provincial territorial or municipal programs during 2010. 137. Income tax paid - Refers to all federal provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income after taking into account exemptions deductions non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others. 138. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010. 139. Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which if sold would result in a capital gain or loss (for example cottages buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size. 140. Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 141. Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. 142. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 143. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included children must live in the same household as the family without a married spouse common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family they may be children by birth marriage or adoption. In an economic family foster children are also included. 144. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 145. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family including persons living alone. 146. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 147. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero). 148. Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada whether or not they reported income. 149. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 150. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 151. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example two person households) by the number of households in that specific group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 152. Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household. 153. Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e. for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information refer to the Income Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Source: Statistics Canada; 2011 National Household Survey. How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. National Household Survey Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E