British Columbia (Province) GNR=26.1 Topic Characteristics Note Total Flag_Total Male Flag_Male Female Flag_Female Citizenship Total population in private households by citizenship 1 4324455 2125625 2198830 Citizenship Canadian citizens 3975530 1963890 2011645 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged under 18 794250 411590 382665 Citizenship Canadian citizens aged 18 and over 3181280 1552300 1628975 Citizenship Not Canadian citizens 2 348925 161735 187185 Immigrant status and period of immigration Total population in private households by immigrant status and period of immigration 3 4324455 2125625 2198830 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-immigrants 4 3067590 1533255 1534330 Immigrant status and period of immigration Immigrants 5 1191875 561490 630385 Immigrant status and period of immigration Before 1971 223215 109510 113710 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1971 to 1980 161335 76865 84470 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1981 to 1990 156445 72625 83820 Immigrant status and period of immigration 1991 to 2000 305655 140985 164675 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2011 6 345220 161510 183715 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2001 to 2005 160100 74395 85710 Immigrant status and period of immigration 2006 to 2011 6 185115 87110 98005 Immigrant status and period of immigration Non-permanent residents 7 64995 30880 34115 Age at immigration Total immigrant population in private households by age at immigration 8 1191875 561485 630385 Age at immigration Under 5 years 108990 54755 54235 Age at immigration 5 to 14 years 201815 103905 97920 Age at immigration 15 to 24 years 268750 121580 147170 Age at immigration 25 to 44 years 476835 218305 258530 Age at immigration 45 years and over 135480 62940 72540 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Total population in private households by immigrant status and selected places of birth 9 4324455 2125625 2198830 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-immigrants 10 3067585 1533255 1534330 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born in province of residence 2106255 1059575 1046675 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Born outside province of residence 961335 473680 487655 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Immigrants 11 1191875 561490 630390 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Americas 105195 48190 57005 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United States 57975 26730 31250 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Jamaica 2870 1315 1555 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Guyana 1320 570 750 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Haiti 540 245 295 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Mexico 8775 3905 4865 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Trinidad and Tobago 2800 1305 1500 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Colombia 3310 1420 1885 Immigrant status and selected places of birth El Salvador 5630 2565 3070 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Peru 2925 1155 1770 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Chile 2640 1180 1455 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Americas 16405 7785 8620 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Europe 322795 159085 163710 Immigrant status and selected places of birth United Kingdom 12 130730 63185 67545 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Italy 15980 8620 7365 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Germany 35100 17155 17945 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Poland 14625 6955 7670 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Portugal 8135 3975 4160 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Netherlands 20640 10460 10185 Immigrant status and selected places of birth France 5340 2745 2595 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Romania 8005 3890 4110 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Russian Federation 8795 3930 4865 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Greece 3350 1875 1475 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ukraine 7055 3340 3715 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Croatia 5640 2895 2750 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hungary 5955 3190 2765 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bosnia and Herzegovina 4215 2125 2095 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Serbia 4635 2355 2280 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ireland; Republic of 5180 2645 2530 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Europe 39410 19745 19660 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Africa 37270 18585 18685 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Morocco 910 505 405 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Algeria 485 310 180 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Egypt 1770 1035 740 Immigrant status and selected places of birth South Africa; Republic of 12810 6270 6535 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Nigeria 1230 795 435 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Ethiopia 1645 780 865 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Kenya 4520 2035 2485 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Africa 13905 6860 7045 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Asia 696700 321170 375530 Immigrant status and selected places of birth India 143340 69730 73610 Immigrant status and selected places of birth China 13 167530 75680 91850 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Philippines 96560 39985 56575 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 74635 35040 39595 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Viet Nam 14 25845 11655 14185 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Pakistan 8565 4440 4125 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Sri Lanka 4430 2330 2105 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iran 15 30050 14955 15095 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Korea; South 16 37730 17635 20090 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Lebanon 1740 925 820 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Taiwan 42045 19575 22470 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Iraq 3430 1850 1580 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Bangladesh 1580 845 735 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Afghanistan 3520 1770 1755 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Japan 12355 3880 8475 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Turkey 2105 1265 845 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth in Asia 41230 19620 21615 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Oceania and other 17 29915 14460 15450 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Fiji 17555 8150 9400 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Other places of birth 18 12355 6305 6050 Immigrant status and selected places of birth Non-permanent residents 19 64995 30880 34110 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Total recent immigrant population in private households by selected places of birth 20 185115 87115 98005 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Americas 17200 8245 8955 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United States 8680 4240 4440 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mexico 2715 1330 1380 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cuba 285 170 115 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Haiti 120 65 55 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Jamaica 345 195 145 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Brazil 995 410 585 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Colombia 1000 400 595 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Guyana 75 35 40 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Peru 680 250 430 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Venezuela 21 230 90 140 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Americas 2085 1050 1035 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Europe 22890 11925 10965 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth France 780 440 345 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Germany 2015 1020 1000 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Poland 585 270 320 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Romania 1570 785 785 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Moldova 22 330 160 170 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Russian Federation 2445 1060 1385 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ukraine 1005 435 575 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Kingdom 12 8960 5060 3905 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Europe 5190 2705 2485 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Africa 6180 3075 3105 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nigeria 620 385 235 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Ethiopia 425 175 250 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Mauritius 220 110 105 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Somalia 150 65 85 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Algeria 135 50 90 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Egypt 400 205 195 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Morocco 265 120 145 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Tunisia 85 30 50 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Cameroon 30 0 0 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Congo; The Democratic Republic of the 140 70 75 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Africa; Republic of 1590 795 795 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Africa 2125 1060 1065 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Asia 135645 62075 73570 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Philippines 27785 12495 15295 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth China 13 38595 17005 21595 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth India 25835 12660 13180 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Pakistan 1800 890 905 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iran 15 6690 3260 3430 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth South Korea 16 10110 4625 5485 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Sri Lanka 1125 610 515 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Iraq 1380 715 660 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Bangladesh 420 235 190 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Lebanon 350 190 155 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Viet Nam 14 1700 525 1175 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Taiwan 5700 2705 2990 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Afghanistan 800 400 395 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Japan 2630 660 1970 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Turkey 865 505 355 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Israel 465 200 265 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Nepal 515 245 280 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 1725 755 970 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth United Arab Emirates 255 115 145 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Saudi Arabia 380 230 150 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Syria 23 190 95 100 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Other places of birth in Asia 6335 2965 3370 Recent immigrants by selected place of birth Oceania and other 17 3200 1790 1410 Generation status Total population in private households by generation status 24 4324455 2125625 2198830 Generation status First generation 25 1272685 600735 671955 Generation status Second generation 26 1013330 504990 508345 Generation status Third generation or more 27 2038435 1019900 1018540 Visible minority population Total population in private households by visible minority 4324455 2125625 2198830 Visible minority population Total visible minority population 28 1180870 565965 614905 Visible minority population South Asian 29 313440 157135 156300 Visible minority population Chinese 438140 208175 229960 Visible minority population Black 33260 17365 15895 Visible minority population Filipino 126040 53715 72320 Visible minority population Latin American 35465 16985 18480 Visible minority population Arab 14090 8010 6080 Visible minority population Southeast Asian 30 51970 25055 26920 Visible minority population West Asian 31 38960 19420 19540 Visible minority population Korean 53770 25325 28440 Visible minority population Japanese 38120 16295 21820 Visible minority population Visible minority; n.i.e. 32 6465 3220 3240 Visible minority population Multiple visible minorities 33 31160 15255 15905 Visible minority population Not a visible minority 34 3143585 1559660 1583930 Ethnic origin population Total population in private households by ethnic origins 35 4324455 2125625 2198830 Ethnic origin population North American Aboriginal origins 267085 128880 138205 Ethnic origin population First Nations (North American Indian) 202535 97810 104725 Ethnic origin population Inuit 2570 1235 1340 Ethnic origin population Métis 70200 33530 36670 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins 884490 440920 443570 Ethnic origin population Acadian 3550 1915 1640 Ethnic origin population American 77955 37825 40135 Ethnic origin population Canadian 826335 412215 414125 Ethnic origin population New Brunswicker 25 0 15 Ethnic origin population Newfoundlander 1510 890 615 Ethnic origin population Nova Scotian 175 95 80 Ethnic origin population Ontarian 105 45 55 Ethnic origin population Québécois 1535 740 800 Ethnic origin population Other North American origins; n.i.e. 36 680 330 350 Ethnic origin population European origins 2812935 1387940 1424990 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins 1905680 936940 968745 Ethnic origin population Channel Islander 340 145 185 Ethnic origin population Cornish 600 340 260 Ethnic origin population English 1199955 585225 614730 Ethnic origin population Irish 643465 304795 338675 Ethnic origin population Manx 1460 695 765 Ethnic origin population Scottish 833290 404610 428680 Ethnic origin population Welsh 107780 50860 56920 Ethnic origin population British Isles origins; n.i.e. 37 107930 52010 55920 Ethnic origin population French origins 369420 176170 193250 Ethnic origin population Alsatian 235 80 160 Ethnic origin population Breton 170 40 135 Ethnic origin population French 369100 176090 193010 Ethnic origin population Western European origins (except French origins) 797120 390605 406515 Ethnic origin population Austrian 45670 22235 23435 Ethnic origin population Belgian 19050 9425 9630 Ethnic origin population Dutch 204695 101515 103185 Ethnic origin population Flemish 2240 1110 1130 Ethnic origin population Frisian 1030 535 490 Ethnic origin population German 567670 277540 290125 Ethnic origin population Luxembourger 715 335 375 Ethnic origin population Swiss 29705 14435 15270 Ethnic origin population Western European origins; n.i.e. 38 435 185 255 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins (except British Isles origins) 333085 160745 172340 Ethnic origin population Danish 57765 28375 29390 Ethnic origin population Finnish 31610 15480 16130 Ethnic origin population Icelandic 22600 10890 11705 Ethnic origin population Norwegian 134425 65250 69175 Ethnic origin population Swedish 106085 49745 56340 Ethnic origin population Northern European origins; n.i.e. 39 12080 6195 5885 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins 515665 249940 265730 Ethnic origin population Bulgarian 3195 1615 1580 Ethnic origin population Byelorussian 2130 1075 1060 Ethnic origin population Czech 19565 9875 9690 Ethnic origin population Czechoslovakian; n.o.s. 7855 3835 4025 Ethnic origin population Estonian 3855 1695 2165 Ethnic origin population Hungarian 51025 25215 25815 Ethnic origin population Latvian 4115 2175 1940 Ethnic origin population Lithuanian 5740 2665 3065 Ethnic origin population Moldovan 735 415 320 Ethnic origin population Polish 133510 64215 69290 Ethnic origin population Romanian 28330 13900 14435 Ethnic origin population Russian 120840 57950 62885 Ethnic origin population Slovak 9950 4745 5205 Ethnic origin population Ukrainian 203585 97295 106285 Ethnic origin population Eastern European origins; n.i.e. 40 2055 1030 1025 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins 303165 150005 153165 Ethnic origin population Albanian 1375 730 655 Ethnic origin population Bosnian 2765 1415 1355 Ethnic origin population Croatian 19855 10095 9760 Ethnic origin population Cypriot 295 160 130 Ethnic origin population Greek 20075 10320 9760 Ethnic origin population Italian 150660 75670 74985 Ethnic origin population Kosovar 325 180 140 Ethnic origin population Macedonian 940 435 500 Ethnic origin population Maltese 2340 1185 1155 Ethnic origin population Montenegrin 380 180 200 Ethnic origin population Portuguese 36545 18170 18375 Ethnic origin population Serbian 10155 5185 4965 Ethnic origin population Sicilian 740 465 275 Ethnic origin population Slovenian 4945 2475 2475 Ethnic origin population Spanish 60175 27120 33055 Ethnic origin population Yugoslavian; n.o.s. 9020 4625 4395 Ethnic origin population Southern European origins; n.i.e. 41 245 85 155 Ethnic origin population Other European origins 45605 23495 22110 Ethnic origin population Basque 710 400 310 Ethnic origin population Jewish 31865 16080 15785 Ethnic origin population Roma (Gypsy) 1030 455 575 Ethnic origin population Slavic; n.o.s. 940 485 455 Ethnic origin population Other European origins; n.i.e. 42 11375 6235 5140 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins 20035 10225 9810 Ethnic origin population Antiguan 170 100 70 Ethnic origin population Bahamian 270 135 130 Ethnic origin population Barbadian 1395 680 715 Ethnic origin population Bermudan 255 105 150 Ethnic origin population Carib 200 125 80 Ethnic origin population Cuban 1240 690 550 Ethnic origin population Dominican 475 195 280 Ethnic origin population Grenadian 240 120 125 Ethnic origin population Haitian 735 385 350 Ethnic origin population Jamaican 7980 3980 4005 Ethnic origin population Kittitian/Nevisian 40 10 30 Ethnic origin population Martinican 40 0 0 Ethnic origin population Montserratan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Puerto Rican 485 260 225 Ethnic origin population St. Lucian 135 90 45 Ethnic origin population Trinidadian/Tobagonian 3720 1920 1805 Ethnic origin population Vincentian/Grenadinian 320 205 110 Ethnic origin population West Indian; n.o.s. 1835 895 940 Ethnic origin population Caribbean origins; n.i.e. 43 1270 680 590 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins 52725 25605 27120 Ethnic origin population Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Maya) 1895 835 1060 Ethnic origin population Argentinian 1360 590 770 Ethnic origin population Belizean 180 95 85 Ethnic origin population Bolivian 270 125 150 Ethnic origin population Brazilian 2935 1480 1455 Ethnic origin population Chilean 4875 2270 2605 Ethnic origin population Colombian 4325 2085 2240 Ethnic origin population Costa Rican 640 245 400 Ethnic origin population Ecuadorian 710 330 375 Ethnic origin population Guatemalan 2155 1070 1080 Ethnic origin population Guyanese 1360 695 665 Ethnic origin population Hispanic 1275 675 595 Ethnic origin population Honduran 1135 510 620 Ethnic origin population Maya 710 395 315 Ethnic origin population Mexican 15950 7885 8065 Ethnic origin population Nicaraguan 1215 610 600 Ethnic origin population Panamanian 320 135 190 Ethnic origin population Paraguayan 735 435 300 Ethnic origin population Peruvian 3025 1310 1715 Ethnic origin population Salvadorean 7565 3830 3730 Ethnic origin population Uruguayan 300 160 135 Ethnic origin population Venezuelan 1040 515 535 Ethnic origin population Latin; Central and South American origins; n.i.e. 44 2170 1060 1110 Ethnic origin population African origins 47185 23575 23610 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins 4910 2635 2280 Ethnic origin population Akan 60 20 35 Ethnic origin population Angolan 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Ashanti 65 30 30 Ethnic origin population Beninese 15 0 0 Ethnic origin population Burkinabe 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Cameroonian 130 80 55 Ethnic origin population Chadian 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Congolese 680 305 370 Ethnic origin population Gabonese 20 0 0 Ethnic origin population Gambian 25 20 0 Ethnic origin population Ghanaian 1095 550 545 Ethnic origin population Guinean 60 25 45 Ethnic origin population Ibo 175 70 105 Ethnic origin population Ivorian 15 0 15 Ethnic origin population Liberian 295 145 150 Ethnic origin population Malian 60 40 20 Ethnic origin population Nigerian 1700 950 745 Ethnic origin population Peulh 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Senegalese 75 45 30 Ethnic origin population Sierra Leonean 65 40 25 Ethnic origin population Togolese 115 90 25 Ethnic origin population Yoruba 285 195 95 Ethnic origin population Central and West African origins; n.i.e. 45 365 200 165 Ethnic origin population North African origins 7115 3790 3320 Ethnic origin population Algerian 700 390 305 Ethnic origin population Berber 185 120 65 Ethnic origin population Coptic 85 35 55 Ethnic origin population Dinka 35 25 0 Ethnic origin population Egyptian 3145 1655 1490 Ethnic origin population Libyan 420 225 190 Ethnic origin population Maure 65 25 40 Ethnic origin population Moroccan 1360 715 645 Ethnic origin population Sudanese 910 485 425 Ethnic origin population Tunisian 325 160 160 Ethnic origin population North African origins; n.i.e. 46 145 90 55 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins 19810 9575 10235 Ethnic origin population Afrikaner 635 305 330 Ethnic origin population Amhara 135 85 50 Ethnic origin population Bantu; n.o.s. 80 55 25 Ethnic origin population Burundian 155 85 65 Ethnic origin population Eritrean 1110 550 555 Ethnic origin population Ethiopian 1820 925 890 Ethnic origin population Harari 0 0 0 Ethnic origin population Kenyan 1025 455 575 Ethnic origin population Malagasy 30 15 0 Ethnic origin population Mauritian 550 260 295 Ethnic origin population Oromo 105 45 55 Ethnic origin population Rwandan 215 105 105 Ethnic origin population Seychellois 30 15 15 Ethnic origin population Somali 1230 610 620 Ethnic origin population South African 10335 4915 5420 Ethnic origin population Tanzanian 510 220 290 Ethnic origin population Tigrian 90 65 20 Ethnic origin population Ugandan 580 285 295 Ethnic origin population Zambian 170 90 80 Ethnic origin population Zimbabwean 650 365 285 Ethnic origin population Zulu 85 30 55 Ethnic origin population Southern and East African origins; n.i.e. 47 1245 610 635 Ethnic origin population Other African origins 16200 8050 8145 Ethnic origin population Black; n.o.s. 48 1790 945 845 Ethnic origin population Other African origins; n.i.e. 49 14505 7165 7345 Ethnic origin population Asian origins 1122445 535825 586620 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins 77140 39545 37595 Ethnic origin population Afghan 5310 2665 2650 Ethnic origin population Arab; n.o.s. 5565 3180 2380 Ethnic origin population Armenian 3335 1470 1865 Ethnic origin population Assyrian 445 235 210 Ethnic origin population Azerbaijani 770 400 375 Ethnic origin population Georgian 495 285 215 Ethnic origin population Iranian 39285 19760 19525 Ethnic origin population Iraqi 3145 1680 1465 Ethnic origin population Israeli 1190 580 605 Ethnic origin population Jordanian 525 300 225 Ethnic origin population Kazakh 270 100 165 Ethnic origin population Kurd 1435 815 625 Ethnic origin population Kuwaiti 155 105 55 Ethnic origin population Lebanese 6435 3205 3225 Ethnic origin population Palestinian 1630 935 690 Ethnic origin population Pashtun 335 160 180 Ethnic origin population Saudi Arabian 1485 895 585 Ethnic origin population Syrian 1785 960 830 Ethnic origin population Tajik 410 210 195 Ethnic origin population Tatar 320 160 160 Ethnic origin population Turk 5495 2965 2530 Ethnic origin population Uighur 115 50 70 Ethnic origin population Uzbek 275 125 145 Ethnic origin population Yemeni 200 125 80 Ethnic origin population West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins; n.i.e. 50 1575 800 770 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins 311265 156025 155235 Ethnic origin population Bangladeshi 1210 640 565 Ethnic origin population Bengali 615 330 285 Ethnic origin population East Indian 48 274065 137090 136970 Ethnic origin population Goan 275 150 120 Ethnic origin population Gujarati 560 245 315 Ethnic origin population Kashmiri 70 35 40 Ethnic origin population Nepali 1255 570 685 Ethnic origin population Pakistani 9770 5180 4590 Ethnic origin population Punjabi 24240 12115 12125 Ethnic origin population Sinhalese 600 310 285 Ethnic origin population Sri Lankan 5215 2690 2520 Ethnic origin population Tamil 1260 640 615 Ethnic origin population South Asian origins; n.i.e. 51 4460 2275 2185 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins 739415 342840 396575 Ethnic origin population Burmese 2165 1025 1140 Ethnic origin population Cambodian (Khmer) 2385 1195 1195 Ethnic origin population Chinese 464800 220435 244365 Ethnic origin population Filipino 135995 58505 77485 Ethnic origin population Hmong 200 120 80 Ethnic origin population Indonesian 5545 2690 2855 Ethnic origin population Japanese 45895 19990 25915 Ethnic origin population Korean 55450 26150 29295 Ethnic origin population Laotian 2010 970 1040 Ethnic origin population Malaysian 4350 1980 2370 Ethnic origin population Mongolian 1345 605 740 Ethnic origin population Singaporean 935 460 475 Ethnic origin population Taiwanese 17205 8235 8970 Ethnic origin population Thai 3865 1500 2365 Ethnic origin population Tibetan 305 175 125 Ethnic origin population Vietnamese 35850 16965 18885 Ethnic origin population East and Southeast Asian origins; n.i.e. 52 1335 625 710 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins 2150 970 1180 Ethnic origin population Other Asian origins; n.i.e. 53 2150 970 1185 Ethnic origin population Oceania origins 35770 17425 18340 Ethnic origin population Australian 12765 6345 6415 Ethnic origin population New Zealander 5720 2805 2915 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins 17690 8475 9215 Ethnic origin population Fijian 13905 6760 7145 Ethnic origin population Hawaiian 2030 925 1110 Ethnic origin population Maori 760 350 405 Ethnic origin population Polynesian; n.o.s. 400 180 225 Ethnic origin population Samoan 370 210 165 Ethnic origin population Pacific Islands origins; n.i.e. 54 590 215 370 Religion Total population in private households by religion 55 4324455 2125625 2198830 Religion Buddhist 90620 40175 50440 Religion Christian 1930415 883680 1046735 Religion Anglican 213975 94330 119645 Religion Baptist 91575 41565 50010 Religion Catholic 650360 303300 347060 Religion Christian Orthodox 39845 19475 20375 Religion Lutheran 71470 32205 39270 Religion Pentecostal 58300 26590 31710 Religion Presbyterian 44635 19925 24710 Religion United Church 222230 94020 128210 Religion Other Christian 538030 252270 285770 Religion Hindu 45795 22945 22845 Religion Jewish 23130 11255 11880 Religion Muslim 79310 39780 39530 Religion Sikh 201110 100610 100500 Religion Traditional (Aboriginal) Spirituality 10295 5085 5210 Religion Other religions 35500 14680 20820 Religion No religious affiliation 1908285 1007420 900865 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal identity 4324455 2125625 2198830 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identity 56 232290 113080 119215 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) single identity 57 155020 75400 79620 Aboriginal population Métis single identity 69475 33940 35540 Aboriginal population Inuk (Inuit) single identity 1570 820 750 Aboriginal population Multiple Aboriginal identities 58 2480 1190 1290 Aboriginal population Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere 59 3745 1735 2015 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal identity 4092165 2012550 2079620 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Registered or Treaty Indian status 57 4324455 2125625 2198830 Aboriginal population Registered or Treaty Indian 60 121225 59710 61510 Aboriginal population Not a Registered or Treaty Indian 4203230 2065915 2137320 Aboriginal population Total population in private households by Aboriginal ancestry 61 4324460 2125625 2198830 Aboriginal population Aboriginal ancestry 62 267090 128880 138210 Aboriginal population First Nations (North American Indian) Aboriginal ancestry 57 202535 97810 104725 Aboriginal population Métis ancestry 70195 33525 36670 Aboriginal population Inuit ancestry 2570 1235 1340 Aboriginal population Non-Aboriginal ancestry only 63 4057370 1996745 2060620 Non-official languages spoken Total population in private households by non-official languages spoken 64 1361445 643770 717675 Non-official languages spoken Aboriginal languages 15015 7210 7800 Non-official languages spoken Algonquin 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Atikamekw 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Blackfoot 60 35 20 Non-official languages spoken Cree languages 65 1500 765 735 Non-official languages spoken Mi'kmaq 15 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Innu/Montagnais 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Ojibway 245 115 135 Non-official languages spoken Oji-Cree 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Carrier 1920 945 970 Non-official languages spoken Dene 115 65 55 Non-official languages spoken Tlicho (Dogrib) 10 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Slavey; n.o.s. 100 50 50 Non-official languages spoken Stoney 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Inuktitut 120 80 45 Non-official languages spoken Other Aboriginal languages 66 11170 5270 5900 Non-official languages spoken Non-Aboriginal languages 1346770 636755 710015 Non-official languages spoken Italian 35890 17790 18095 Non-official languages spoken Portuguese 18435 9025 9410 Non-official languages spoken Romanian 8630 4255 4375 Non-official languages spoken Spanish 97195 45580 51620 Non-official languages spoken Dutch 27485 13020 14455 Non-official languages spoken Flemish 560 225 340 Non-official languages spoken German 96725 47230 49495 Non-official languages spoken Yiddish 540 280 260 Non-official languages spoken Danish 6620 3275 3345 Non-official languages spoken Norwegian 2900 1475 1425 Non-official languages spoken Swedish 4295 1950 2345 Non-official languages spoken Afrikaans 7640 3875 3765 Non-official languages spoken Gaelic languages 1195 635 555 Non-official languages spoken Bosnian 1315 675 640 Non-official languages spoken Bulgarian 2050 1055 990 Non-official languages spoken Croatian 9180 4575 4605 Non-official languages spoken Czech 6000 2945 3055 Non-official languages spoken Macedonian 350 170 180 Non-official languages spoken Polish 18585 8800 9785 Non-official languages spoken Russian 29635 14185 15450 Non-official languages spoken Serbian 8260 4165 4095 Non-official languages spoken Serbo-Croatian 1495 650 840 Non-official languages spoken Slovak 3320 1535 1785 Non-official languages spoken Slovenian 1265 630 630 Non-official languages spoken Ukrainian 11410 4735 6675 Non-official languages spoken Latvian 585 290 290 Non-official languages spoken Lithuanian 375 175 200 Non-official languages spoken Greek 8070 4180 3885 Non-official languages spoken Armenian 1240 560 690 Non-official languages spoken Albanian 1375 725 645 Non-official languages spoken Estonian 810 330 480 Non-official languages spoken Finnish 3755 1655 2095 Non-official languages spoken Hungarian 10040 4995 5045 Non-official languages spoken Turkish 4930 2880 2050 Non-official languages spoken Berber languages (Kabyle) 0 0 0 Non-official languages spoken Oromo 255 130 130 Non-official languages spoken Somali 775 390 385 Non-official languages spoken Amharic 1570 790 775 Non-official languages spoken Arabic 17475 9715 7760 Non-official languages spoken Hebrew 4505 2325 2180 Non-official languages spoken Maltese 215 85 130 Non-official languages spoken Tigrigna 845 430 420 Non-official languages spoken Semitic languages; n.i.e. 720 395 325 Non-official languages spoken Bengali 2540 1395 1155 Non-official languages spoken Gujarati 9325 4375 4955 Non-official languages spoken Hindi 66870 33155 33715 Non-official languages spoken Konkani 345 160 185 Non-official languages spoken Marathi 720 415 310 Non-official languages spoken Panjabi (Punjabi) 213315 106655 106655 Non-official languages spoken Sindhi 2470 1055 1415 Non-official languages spoken Sinhala (Sinhalese) 2225 1125 1100 Non-official languages spoken Urdu 13375 6980 6395 Non-official languages spoken Nepali 1110 540 565 Non-official languages spoken Kurdish 1515 850 660 Non-official languages spoken Pashto 1270 710 560 Non-official languages spoken Persian (Farsi) 39715 19665 20050 Non-official languages spoken Indo-Iranian languages; n.i.e. 1000 505 500 Non-official languages spoken Kannada 400 180 220 Non-official languages spoken Malayalam 2145 1150 990 Non-official languages spoken Tamil 5345 2780 2565 Non-official languages spoken Telugu 860 445 410 Non-official languages spoken Japanese 33455 14145 19305 Non-official languages spoken Korean 51140 23830 27310 Non-official languages spoken Cantonese 169005 78910 90100 Non-official languages spoken Fukien 2560 1165 1395 Non-official languages spoken Hakka 1130 415 720 Non-official languages spoken Mandarin 144610 66630 77975 Non-official languages spoken Taiwanese 8945 4120 4820 Non-official languages spoken Chinese; n.o.s. 114225 53310 60915 Non-official languages spoken Lao 1600 755 840 Non-official languages spoken Thai 3630 1425 2200 Non-official languages spoken Khmer (Cambodian) 1425 695 730 Non-official languages spoken Vietnamese 30810 14190 16625 Non-official languages spoken Bisayan languages 4680 1860 2820 Non-official languages spoken Ilocano 4315 1565 2755 Non-official languages spoken Malay 6760 3150 3610 Non-official languages spoken Tagalog (Pilipino;Filipino) 99900 39685 60220 Non-official languages spoken Akan (Twi) 525 245 280 Non-official languages spoken Lingala 360 120 240 Non-official languages spoken Rundi (Kirundi) 110 60 50 Non-official languages spoken Rwanda (Kinyarwanda) 125 65 55 Non-official languages spoken Swahili 3245 1685 1565 Non-official languages spoken Bantu languages; n.i.e. 1070 495 575 Non-official languages spoken Niger-Congo languages; n.i.e. 1440 765 675 Non-official languages spoken African languages; n.i.e. 1010 475 540 Non-official languages spoken Creoles 1520 745 770 Non-official languages spoken Other non-Aboriginal languages 67 20175 9160 11015 Mobility Total - Mobility status 1 year ago 68 4282105 2104330 2177775 Mobility Non-movers 3665455 1800290 1865170 Mobility Movers 616645 304040 312605 Mobility Non-migrants 347840 171220 176615 Mobility Migrants 268810 132820 135990 Mobility Internal migrants 212385 105460 106920 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 167280 82875 84410 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 45105 22590 22515 Mobility External migrants 56425 27355 29070 Mobility Total - Mobility status 5 years ago 69 4104195 2012810 2091385 Mobility Non-movers 2349525 1149690 1199835 Mobility Movers 1754670 863120 891555 Mobility Non-migrants 888335 437165 451165 Mobility Migrants 866335 425950 440385 Mobility Internal migrants 653285 323600 329690 Mobility Intraprovincial migrants 486835 239700 247135 Mobility Interprovincial migrants 166450 83900 82560 Mobility External migrants 213050 102360 110695 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 3646840 1775440 1871395 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 607655 305040 302620 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 1009400 475670 533735 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 2029785 994740 1035045 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 387455 262245 125210 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 628115 260580 367535 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 208245 86995 121250 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 805965 384920 421045 Education Bachelor's degree 511240 235620 275625 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 294725 149300 145425 Education Total population aged 25 to 64 years by highest certificate; diploma or degree 70 2451615 1189460 1262155 Education No certificate; diploma or degree 247390 132000 115395 Education High school diploma or equivalent 71 614585 293735 320850 Education Postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 72 1589635 763725 825905 Education Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 73 277125 186985 90140 Education College; CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma 488900 202165 286735 Education University certificate or diploma below bachelor level 74 155475 65045 90435 Education University certificate; diploma or degree at bachelor level or above 668130 309530 358600 Education Bachelor's degree 424725 192435 232290 Education University certificate; diploma or degree above bachelor level 75 243405 117095 126310 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2011 76 3646840 1775445 1871400 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 77 1617055 780705 836350 Education Education 149980 38300 111680 Education Visual and performing arts; and communications technologies 89230 41545 47690 Education Humanities 120340 48435 71900 Education Social and behavioural sciences and law 209655 76455 133195 Education Business; management and public administration 412335 159065 253270 Education Physical and life sciences and technologies 79980 43360 36625 Education Mathematics; computer and information sciences 72705 45270 27430 Education Architecture; engineering; and related technologies 421115 387355 33760 Education Agriculture; natural resources and conservation 49275 32450 16820 Education Health and related fields 78 308880 60985 247895 Education Personal; protective and transportation services 116025 61445 54575 Education Other fields of study 79 270 65 200 Education Total population aged 15 years and over by location of study compared with province or territory of residence 80 3646840 1775445 1871395 Education No postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 1617060 780705 836350 Education With postsecondary certificate; diploma or degree 2029785 994735 1035045 Education Location of study inside Canada 1570340 768775 801565 Education Same as province or territory of residence 1205290 582610 622680 Education Another province or territory 365050 186165 178885 Education Location of study outside Canada 459445 225965 233480 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 2529750 1303265 1226490 Language used most often at work Single responses 2499155 1288360 1210800 Language used most often at work English 2416850 1246930 1169920 Language used most often at work French 5390 1550 3845 Language used most often at work Non-official languages 76920 39885 37035 Language used most often at work Chinese; n.o.s. 16960 8850 8115 Language used most often at work Cantonese 15175 7675 7500 Language used most often at work Panjabi (Punjabi) 17440 9365 8070 Language used most often at work Mandarin 10905 5920 4985 Language used most often at work Spanish 1245 675 575 Language used most often at work Korean 5345 2890 2455 Language used most often at work German 650 365 285 Language used most often at work Cree languages 82 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Portuguese 245 85 160 Language used most often at work Inuktitut 0 0 0 Language used most often at work Other languages 8950 4055 4895 Language used most often at work Multiple responses 30595 14905 15685 Language used most often at work English and French 3060 1295 1765 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 27100 13395 13705 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 40 35 0 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 390 185 210 Language used most often at work Total population aged 15 years and over by language used most often at work 81 2529755 1303270 1226485 Language used most often at work English 2416850 1246925 1169915 Language used most often at work French 5395 1545 3845 Language used most often at work Non-official language 76920 39880 37035 Language used most often at work Aboriginal 185 60 130 Language used most often at work Non-Aboriginal 76735 39825 36910 Language used most often at work English and French 3060 1295 1765 Language used most often at work English and non-official language 27100 13395 13705 Language used most often at work French and non-official language 40 35 0 Language used most often at work English; French and non-official language 395 185 205 Labour force status Total population aged 15 years and over by labour force status 83 3646840 1775440 1871395 Labour force status In the labour force 2354245 1223375 1130870 Labour force status Employed 2171465 1124590 1046875 Labour force status Unemployed 182775 98785 83990 Labour force status Not in the labour force 1292595 552070 740530 Labour force status Participation rate 64.6 68.9 60.4 Labour force status Employment rate 59.5 63.3 55.9 Labour force status Unemployment rate 7.8 8.1 7.4 Class of worker Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker 84 2354245 1223375 1130870 Class of worker Class of worker - not applicable 85 48930 23625 25300 Class of worker All classes of worker 86 2305315 1199750 1105570 Class of worker Employee 1996990 1006460 990530 Class of worker Self-employed 87 308325 193285 115040 Occupation Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2011 88 2354245 1223375 1130875 Occupation Occupation - not applicable 89 48930 23625 25305 Occupation All occupations 86 2305320 1199745 1105565 Occupation 0 Management occupations 263685 162365 101320 Occupation 1 Business; finance and administration occupations 368980 104285 264690 Occupation 2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 154055 122570 31480 Occupation 3 Health occupations 147620 32490 115125 Occupation 4 Occupations in education; law and social; community and government services 265910 89645 176265 Occupation 5 Occupations in art; culture; recreation and sport 78565 38300 40270 Occupation 6 Sales and service occupations 554345 233065 321285 Occupation 7 Trades; transport and equipment operators and related occupations 337140 317385 19755 Occupation 8 Natural resources; agriculture and related production occupations 60295 45155 15135 Occupation 9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities 74720 54470 20250 Industry Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2007 90 2354245 1223375 1130870 Industry Industry - not applicable 89 48930 23625 25300 Industry All industries 86 2305315 1199750 1105570 Industry 11 Agriculture; forestry; fishing and hunting 61210 40810 20405 Industry 21 Mining; quarrying; and oil and gas extraction 25450 21175 4275 Industry 22 Utilities 13215 9650 3560 Industry 23 Construction 181510 159605 21910 Industry 31-33 Manufacturing 148810 108480 40335 Industry 41 Wholesale trade 90560 61730 28820 Industry 44-45 Retail trade 266265 121750 144515 Industry 48-49 Transportation and warehousing 118675 89155 29520 Industry 51 Information and cultural industries 62235 37250 24980 Industry 52 Finance and insurance 91790 35375 56415 Industry 53 Real estate and rental and leasing 54840 29790 25055 Industry 54 Professional; scientific and technical services 179355 98760 80590 Industry 55 Management of companies and enterprises 2440 1320 1120 Industry 56 Administrative and support; waste management and remediation services 98890 55745 43145 Industry 61 Educational services 167875 55635 112235 Industry 62 Health care and social assistance 249030 47020 202010 Industry 71 Arts; entertainment and recreation 56915 29750 27175 Industry 72 Accommodation and food services 179625 73570 106055 Industry 81 Other services (except public administration) 112745 49130 63615 Industry 91 Public administration 143875 74040 69840 Work activity Total labour force aged 15 years and over by work activity in 2010 91 2354245 1223375 1130870 Work activity Did not work in 2010 92 124235 58550 65690 Work activity Worked in 2010 2230005 1164825 1065180 Work activity 1 to 13 weeks 124680 60060 64620 Work activity 14 to 26 weeks 189705 94100 95605 Work activity 27 to 39 weeks 158720 81050 77675 Work activity 40 to 48 weeks 419080 214175 204900 Work activity 49 to 52 weeks 1337820 715445 622375 Work activity Average weeks worked in 2010 43.9 44.3 43.5 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by full-time or part-time weeks worked in 2010 93 2354245 1223375 1130875 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Did not work in 2010 92 124235 58550 65695 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked in 2010 2230005 1164830 1065185 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked full-time in 2010 1713540 984605 728930 Full-time or part-time weeks worked Worked part-time in 2010 516465 180220 336250 Place of work status Total employed population aged 15 years and over by place of work status 94 2171470 1124590 1046880 Place of work status Worked at home 174000 84015 89990 Place of work status Worked outside Canada 12480 9210 3270 Place of work status No fixed workplace address 304465 225840 78620 Place of work status Worked at usual place 1680525 805525 875000 Mode of transportation Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by mode of transportation 95 1984985 1031365 953620 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a driver 1415745 773160 642580 Mode of transportation Car; truck or van - as a passenger 110695 47425 63270 Mode of transportation Public transit 250450 107645 142810 Mode of transportation Walked 132205 57000 75205 Mode of transportation Bicycle 42260 26595 15665 Mode of transportation Other methods 33635 19535 14100 Median commuting duration Total employed population aged 15 years and over with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address by median commuting duration 96 1984990 1031365 953620 Median commuting duration Median commuting duration 20.4 20.7 20.0 Time leaving for work Total employed population aged 15 years and over by time leaving for work 97 1984990 1031370 953620 Time leaving for work Between 5 and 6:59 a.m. 455025 299985 155035 Time leaving for work Between 7 and 9:00 a.m. 1097800 521570 576230 Time leaving for work Anytime after 9:00 a.m. 432160 209805 222355 Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by condition of dwelling 98 1764630 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed 1636875 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Major repairs needed 127760 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by period of construction 99 1764630 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1960 or before 282675 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1961 to 1980 551655 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1981 to 1990 308450 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1991 to 2000 329780 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2001 to 2005 133235 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2006 to 2011 100 158845 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of rooms 101 1764635 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 1 to 4 rooms 548705 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 5 rooms 259775 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 6 rooms 227360 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 7 rooms 190065 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 8 or more rooms 538720 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Average number of rooms per dwelling 6.2 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics Total number of occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms 102 1764630 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 0 to 1 bedroom 313575 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 2 bedrooms 472285 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 3 bedrooms 499495 ... ... Occupied private dwelling characteristics 4 or more bedrooms 479280 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by tenure 103 1764630 ... ... Household characteristics Owner 1234710 ... ... Household characteristics Renter 524995 ... ... Household characteristics Band housing 4920 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by condominium status 104 1764630 ... ... Household characteristics Part of a condominium development 397105 ... ... Household characteristics Not part of a condominium development 1367530 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of household maintainers 105 1764635 ... ... Household characteristics 1 household maintainer 1038910 ... ... Household characteristics 2 household maintainers 673945 ... ... Household characteristics 3 or more household maintainers 51775 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by age group of primary household maintainers 106 1764635 ... ... Household characteristics Under 25 years 57815 ... ... Household characteristics 25 to 34 years 235955 ... ... Household characteristics 35 to 44 years 308825 ... ... Household characteristics 45 to 54 years 396785 ... ... Household characteristics 55 to 64 years 354395 ... ... Household characteristics 65 to 74 years 220365 ... ... Household characteristics 75 years and over 190500 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by number of persons per room 107 1764635 ... ... Household characteristics One person or fewer per room 1716855 ... ... Household characteristics More than one person per room 47780 ... ... Household characteristics Total number of private households by housing suitability 108 1764630 ... ... Household characteristics Suitable 1645475 ... ... Household characteristics Not suitable 119150 ... ... Shelter costs Total number of owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero; in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio 109 1717195 ... ... Shelter costs Spending less than 30% of household total income on shelter costs 1197730 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 519470 ... ... Shelter costs Spending 30% to less than 100% of household total income on shelter costs 412810 ... ... Shelter costs Number of owner households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 1202000 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households with a mortgage 110 57.3 ... ... Shelter costs % of owner households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 111 23.8 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1023 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($) 112 1228 ... ... Shelter costs Median value of dwellings ($) 113 448835 ... ... Shelter costs Average value of dwellings ($) 113 543635 ... ... Shelter costs Number of tenant households in non-farm; non-reserve private dwellings 519855 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households in subsidized housing 114 13.5 ... ... Shelter costs % of tenant households spending 30% or more of household total income on shelter costs 115 45.3 ... ... Shelter costs Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 903 ... ... Shelter costs Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($) 116 989 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Total income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over 117 3646835 1775440 1871400 Income of individuals in 2010 Without income 182580 79765 102810 Income of individuals in 2010 With income 3464260 1695680 1768585 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 118 401210 189600 211605 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 244705 86215 158495 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 333325 133645 199675 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 332735 129525 203205 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 470255 201000 269255 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 404860 186285 218575 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 338595 167400 171190 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 253215 143765 109445 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 330590 206400 124195 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 169190 112525 56670 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 185580 139305 46275 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 89520 65050 24470 Income of individuals in 2010 $125;000 and over 96055 74260 21795 Income of individuals in 2010 Median income ($) 119 28765 35627 23624 Income of individuals in 2010 Average income ($) 119 39415 47480 31683 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income in 2010 of population 15 years and over 120 3646840 1775445 1871400 Income of individuals in 2010 Without after-tax income 183005 79655 103350 Income of individuals in 2010 With after-tax income 3463840 1695785 1768050 Income of individuals in 2010 Under $5;000 121 408880 192130 216755 Income of individuals in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 248910 87100 161810 Income of individuals in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 340505 136555 203950 Income of individuals in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 352155 138620 213540 Income of individuals in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 539910 234280 305635 Income of individuals in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 474000 223580 250425 Income of individuals in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 367825 198960 168865 Income of individuals in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 253315 155505 97810 Income of individuals in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 285615 185755 99855 Income of individuals in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 101390 73130 28265 Income of individuals in 2010 $100;000 and over 91330 70170 21155 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 122 26842 32557 22485 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 122 33758 39804 27958 Income of individuals in 2010 Composition of total income in 2010 of population 15 years and over (%) 123 100.0 100.0 100.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Market income (%) 124 88.3 91.1 84.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment income (%) 125 73.7 76.8 69.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Wages and salaries (%) 126 69.0 71.5 65.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Self-employment income (%) 127 4.6 5.3 3.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Investment income (%) 128 6.1 5.5 7.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Retirement pensions; superannuation and annuities (%) 129 6.9 7.3 6.3 Income of individuals in 2010 Other money income (%) 130 1.7 1.5 2.0 Income of individuals in 2010 Government transfer payments (%) 131 11.7 8.9 15.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (%) 132 3.7 3.2 4.4 Income of individuals in 2010 Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement (%) 133 3.3 2.4 4.5 Income of individuals in 2010 Employment Insurance benefits (%) 134 1.5 1.2 1.9 Income of individuals in 2010 Child benefits (%) 135 1.2 0.1 2.8 Income of individuals in 2010 Other income from government sources (%) 136 2.0 1.9 2.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Income taxes paid as a % of total income 137 14.4 16.2 11.8 Income of individuals in 2010 After-tax income as a % of total income 138 85.6 83.8 88.2 Income of individuals in 2010 Net capital gains or losses as a % of total income 139 2.8 2.9 2.7 Income of individuals in 2010 Population aged 15 years and over who worked full year; full time and with employment income in 2010 140 1141340 650435 490905 Income of individuals in 2010 Median employment income in 2010 ($) 49143 55334 42839 Income of individuals in 2010 Average employment income in 2010 ($) 58016 65599 47970 Income of individuals in 2010 Family income in 2010 of economic families 141 1205260 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 75797 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 91967 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 67915 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 78580 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 3.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-only economic families 142 474725 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 69881 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 85632 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 62765 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 72795 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Couple-with-children economic families 143 523695 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 94632 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 110555 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 83510 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 93921 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 4.0 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Lone-parent economic families 144 162760 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median family income ($) 42610 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family income ($) 53115 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax family income ($) 40646 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax family income ($) 47588 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Average family size 2.6 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Income in 2010 of population aged 15 years and over not in economic families 145 702335 341165 361170 Income of individuals in 2010 Median total income ($) 146 27747 30579 25619 Income of individuals in 2010 Average total income ($) 146 36592 39650 33704 Income of individuals in 2010 Median after-tax income ($) 147 25958 28095 24408 Income of individuals in 2010 Average after-tax income ($) 147 31639 33705 29689 Income of individuals in 2010 Total population by decile of adjusted after-tax family income 148 4324455 2125625 2198830 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom half of the Canadian distribution 2144675 1021605 1123075 Income of individuals in 2010 In bottom decile 502820 244035 258785 Income of individuals in 2010 In second decile 442810 199845 242970 Income of individuals in 2010 In third decile 393940 185700 208235 Income of individuals in 2010 In fourth decile 402095 194225 207875 Income of individuals in 2010 In fifth decile 403010 197800 205210 Income of individuals in 2010 In top half of the Canadian distribution 2179780 1104025 1075755 Income of individuals in 2010 In sixth decile 417640 206750 210890 Income of individuals in 2010 In seventh decile 425225 214220 211005 Income of individuals in 2010 In eighth decile 435015 220060 214955 Income of individuals in 2010 In ninth decile 454680 232865 221820 Income of individuals in 2010 In top decile 447215 230125 217090 Income of households in 2010 Household total income in 2010 of private households 149 1764630 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 60125 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 36340 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 59965 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 96600 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 157605 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 167220 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 158400 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 140340 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 246720 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 193180 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 167415 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 to $149;999 106325 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $150;000 and over 174385 ... ... Income of households in 2010 After-tax income of households in 2010 of private households 150 1764630 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Under $5;000 61920 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $5;000 to $9;999 36850 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $10;000 to $14;999 60930 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $15;000 to $19;999 99895 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $20;000 to $29;999 175205 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $30;000 to $39;999 192775 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $40;000 to $49;999 181910 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $50;000 to $59;999 162470 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $60;000 to $79;999 272640 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $80;000 to $99;999 192785 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 and over 327245 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $100;000 to $124;999 150380 ... ... Income of households in 2010 $125;000 and over 176870 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Household income in 2010 of private households 151 1764630 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 60333 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 77378 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 54379 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 66264 ... ... Income of households in 2010 One-person private households 152 497215 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 31236 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 40265 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 28847 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 34612 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Two-or-more-persons private households 152 1267420 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median household total income ($) 75770 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average household total income ($) 91938 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Median after-tax household income ($) 67931 ... ... Income of households in 2010 Average after-tax household income ($) 78681 ... ... Income of individuals in 2010 Population in private households for income status 153 4245795 2086025 2159770 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 823410 427045 396365 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 257305 131425 125875 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 2789715 1362385 1427330 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 632670 296585 336080 Income of individuals in 2010 In low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT) 696850 327240 369615 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years 157250 81600 75645 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years 47725 24395 23330 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years 451375 211765 239605 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over 88235 33870 54365 Income of individuals in 2010 Prevalence of low income in 2010 based on after-tax low-income measure (%) 16.4 15.7 17.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 18 years (%) 19.1 19.1 19.1 Income of individuals in 2010 Less than 6 years (%) 18.5 18.6 18.5 Income of individuals in 2010 18 to 64 years (%) 16.2 15.5 16.8 Income of individuals in 2010 65 years and over (%) 13.9 11.4 16.2 Symbols: .. not available for a specific reference period ... not applicable x suppressed to meet the confidentiality requirements of the Statistics Act Notes: 1. Citizenship refers to the legal citizenship status of a person. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless that is they may have no citizenship. 2. Includes persons who are stateless. 3. Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained his or her landed immigrant/permanent resident status. A landed immigrant/permanent resident refers to a person who has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 4. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 5. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 6. Includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 7. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 8. Age at immigration refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant/permanent resident status. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live permanently in Canada by immigration authorities. 9. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by immigrants at the Canada level. 10. Non-immigrant refers to a person who is a Canadian citizen by birth. 11. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. In the 2011 National Household Survey 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada prior to May 10 2011. 12. The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland Wales England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories). 13. China excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao Special Administrative Region. 14. The official name of Viet Nam is Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. 15. The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran. 16. The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea. 17. The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 18. The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere such as 'born at sea.' 19. Non-permanent resident refers to a person from another country who has a work or study permit or who is a refugee claimant and any non-Canadian-born family member living in Canada with them. 20. Recent immigrants are immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1 2006 and May 10 2011. Immigrant refers to a person who is or has ever been a landed immigrant/permanent resident. This person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Some immigrants have resided in Canada for a number of years while others have arrived recently. Some immigrants are Canadian citizens while others are not. Most immigrants are born outside Canada but a small number are born in Canada. The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level. 21. The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela. 22. The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova. 23. The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic. 24. Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada. It identifies persons as being first generation second generation or third generation or more. 25. 'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part these are people who are now or have ever been immigrants to Canada. 26. 'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part these are the children of immigrants. 27. 'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada. 28. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons other than Aboriginal peoples who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.' 29. For example 'East Indian' 'Pakistani' 'Sri Lankan' etc. 30. For example 'Vietnamese' 'Cambodian' 'Malaysian' 'Laotian' etc. 31. For example 'Iranian' 'Afghan' etc. 32. The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes respondents who reported a write-in response such as 'Guyanese' 'West Indian' 'Tibetan' 'Polynesian' 'Pacific Islander' etc. 33. Includes respondents who reported more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in circles e.g. 'Black' and 'South Asian.' 34. Includes respondents who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal identity question (Question 18) as well as respondents who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group. 35. This is a total population estimate.  The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the NHS. 36. Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g. 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maritimer' 'Manitoban'). 37. Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g. 'British' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Celtic'). 38. Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g. 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Liechtensteiner'). 39. Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g. 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Faroese' 'Scandinavian'). 40. Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g. 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baltic'). 41. Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g. 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Gibraltarian'). 42. Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g. 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Central European'). 43. Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g. 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Guadelupian' 'Aruban'). 44. Includes general responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins (e.g. 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Surinamese'). 45. Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g. 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Ewe' 'Wolof'). 46. Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g. 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Maghreb'). 47. Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g. 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Hutu' 'Shona'). 48. Some respondents may choose to provide very specific ethnic origins in the National Household Survey (NHS) while other respondents may choose to give more general responses. This means that two respondents with the same ethnic ancestry could have different response patterns and thus could be counted as having different ethnic origins. For example one respondent may report 'East Indian' ethnic origin while another respondent with a similar ancestral background may report 'Punjabi' or 'South Asian' origins; one respondent may report 'Black' while another similar respondent may report 'Ghanaian' or 'African.' As a result ethnic origin data are very fluid and counts for certain origins such as 'East Indian' and 'Black' may seem lower than initially expected. Users who wish to obtain broader response counts may wish to combine data for one or more ethnic origins together or use counts for ethnic categories such as 'South Asian origins' or 'African origins.' (Please note however that 'African origins' should not be considered equivalent to the 'Black' population group or visible minority status as there are persons reporting African origins who report a population group or visible minority status other than 'Black.' Conversely many people report a population group or visible minority status of 'Black' and do not report having 'African' origins. For information on population group and visible minority population in the 2011 NHS refer to the appropriate definitions in this publication.) 49. Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g. 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Saharan'). 50. Includes general responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g. 'West Asian' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Baloch' 'Circassian'). 51. Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g. 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bhutanese'). 52. Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g. 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Bruneian' 'Karen'). 53. Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g. 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Eurasian'). 54. Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g. 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g. 'Tahitian'). 55. Religion refers to the person's self-identification as having a connection or affiliation with any religious denomination group body sect cult or other religiously defined community or system of belief. Religion is not limited to formal membership in a religious organization or group. Persons without a religious connection or affiliation can self-identify as atheist agnostic or humanist or can provide another applicable response. 56. 'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who reported being an Aboriginal person that is First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who reported Registered or Treaty Indian status that is registered under the Indian Act of Canada and/or those who reported membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. 57. Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the National Household Survey (NHS). In 2011 there were a total of 36 Indian reserves and Indian settlements that were 'incompletely enumerated' in the NHS. For these reserves or settlements NHS enumeration was either not permitted or was interrupted before it could be completed or was not possible because of natural events (specifically forest fires in Northern Ontario). For additional information please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide National Household Survey (NHS) 2011. 58. 'Multiple Aboriginal identities' includes persons who reported being any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit). 59. 'Aboriginal identities not included elsewhere' includes persons who did not report being First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who did report Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or membership in a First Nation or Indian band. 60. Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian.' Registered or Treaty Indian' includes persons who reported being a Registered or Treaty Indian in Question 20. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians. 61. This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ancestries in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ancestry (ethnic origin) in the National Household Survey. 62. 'Aboriginal ancestry' includes persons who reported one or more than one of First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17 either with or without also reporting a non-Aboriginal ancestry. The sum of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' is thus greater than the sum of the total for 'Aboriginal ancestry' because persons who reported more than one Aboriginal ancestry are included in the response category for each Aboriginal ancestry they reported. All respondents with Aboriginal ancestry are counted in at least one of the categories 'First Nations (North American Indian) ancestry' 'Métis ancestry' and 'Inuit ancestry' and also in the category 'Aboriginal ancestry.' Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act 1982 section 35 (2) as including the Indian Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the respondent's ancestors an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin. 63. 'Non-Aboriginal ancestry only' includes persons who did not report First Nations (North American Indian) Métis or Inuit ancestry in Question 17. 64. Refers to languages other than English or French in which the respondent can conduct a conversation. The category 'Non-official languages spoken' represents the sum of single language responses and multiple language responses received in the National Household Survey. Hence this total is greater than the total population. 65. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 66. This is a subtotal of all Aboriginal languages collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 67. This is a subtotal of all non-Aboriginal languages other than English or French collected on May 10 2011 that are not displayed separately here. 68. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 69. Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day May 10 2011 in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city town township village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants who moved to a different city town township village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date. 70. 'Highest certificate diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class.' For postsecondary completers a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom. For further definitions refer to the National Household Survey Dictionary Catalogue no. 99-000-X. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 71. 'High school diploma or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate diploma or degree. 72. 'Postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificates or diplomas' 'college CEGEP or other non-university certificates or diplomas' and university certificates diplomas and degrees. 73. 'Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma' includes Registered Apprenticeship certificates (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) and other trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges institutes of technology vocational centres and similar institutions. 74. Comparisons with other data sources suggest that the category 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' was over-reported in the NHS. This category likely includes some responses that are actually college certificates or diplomas bachelor's degrees or other types of education (e.g. university transfer programs bachelor's programs completed in other countries incomplete bachelor's programs non-university professional designations). We recommend users interpret the results for the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor's level' category with caution. 75. 'University certificate diploma or degree above bachelor level' includes the categories 'University certificate or diploma above bachelor level' 'Degree in medicine dentistry veterinary medicine or optometry' 'Master's degree' and 'Earned doctorate.' 76. 'Major field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level and classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2011. This variable shows the 'primary groupings' a CIP variant. For more information on the CIP classification see the Classification of Instructional Programs Canada 2011 Catalogue no. 12-590-X available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/concepts/classification-eng.htm. For any comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 77. 'No postsecondary certificate diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed a registered apprenticeship certificate (including Certificate of Qualification Journeyperson's designation) or other trades certificate or diploma a college CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma or a university certificate diploma or degree. 78. Called 'Health parks recreation and fitness' in CIP Canada 2000. 79. Includes 'Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies other.' 80. 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence' indicates whether the 'Location of study' is the same as the province or territory of residence in 2011 a different Canadian province or territory or outside Canada. 'Location of study' refers to the province territory or country of the institution where the highest certificate diploma or degree above the high school level was completed. Users should be aware that some respondents may have reported the physical location of study rather than the location of the certificate diploma or degree-granting institution. This could affect the responses of those who obtained a certificate diploma or degree through a joint program or by distance learning with credentials granted in another province or country. In particular a number of persons reported a location of study for a university credential in one of the territories (Yukon Northwest Territories Nunavut) even though there were no educational institutions in the territories with the authority to grant university degrees. For any other comments on collection dissemination or data quality for this variable or 'Location of study' refer to the Education Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-012-X2011006. 81. Population by language used most often at work . Refers to the language used most often at work as reported on May 10 2011 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1 2010. 82. Cree languages include the following categories: Cree not otherwise specified (which refers to those who reported 'Cree') Swampy Cree Plains Cree Woods Cree and a category labelled 'Cree not included elsewhere' (which includes Moose Cree Northern East Cree and Southern East Cree). 83. Refers to whether a person was employed unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011. In the past this variable was called Labour force activity. 84. Refers to whether an employed person is an employee or is self-employed. The self-employed include persons with or without a business as well as unpaid family workers.  85. Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 86. Experienced labour force refers to persons who during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2010 or 2011. 87. Includes self-employed with an incorporated business and self-employed with an unincorporated business. Also included among the self-employed are unpaid family workers. 88. Refers to the kind of work performed by persons during the week of Sunday May 1 to Saturday May 7 2011 as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The 2011 National Household Survey occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2011.  89. Unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1 2010 only. 90. Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2011 National Household Survey industry data are produced according to the NAICS 2007. 91. Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). 92. Includes persons who never worked persons who worked prior to 2010 only or persons who worked in 2011 only. 93. Refers to persons who worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010. These persons were asked to report whether the weeks they worked in 2010 were full-time weeks (30 hours or more per week) or not on the basis of all jobs held. Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. 94. Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home worked outside Canada had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work). 95. Refers to the main mode of transportation a respondent uses to travel between his or her home and his or her place of work. 96. Refers to how many minutes it took for a person to travel from home to work. Median commuting duration is the value which divides the commuting duration into two equal halves i.e. the commuting duration of individuals for the first half is below the median while the commuting distance of individuals for the second half is above the median. 97. Time at which a respondent usually leaves home to go to work. 98. Condition of dwelling - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions. 99. Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. 100. Includes data up to May 10 2011. 101. Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms halls vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g. L-shaped dining room and living room arrangements). 102. Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now even if they were not originally built as bedrooms such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition one-room private dwellings such as studio apartments have zero bedrooms. 103. Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling or whether the dwelling is band housing (on an Indian reserve or settlement). 104. Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others. 105. Household maintainer - Refers to whether or not a person residing in the household is responsible for paying the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making such payments the reference person is identified by default. 106. Primary household maintainer - First person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent or the mortgage or the taxes or the electricity bill and so on for the dwelling. The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which the respondent lists the persons on the questionnaire. Generally an adult is listed first followed if applicable by that person's spouse or common-law partner and by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by the person. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 107. Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling. 108. Housing suitability - Housing suitability refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms as calculated using the National Occupancy Standard. Housing suitability assesses the required number of bedrooms for a household based on the age sex and relationships among household members. An alternative variable the number of persons per room considers all rooms in a private dwelling and the number of household members. Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies. 109. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Percentage of a household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent (for tenants) or the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees (for owners) and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner and tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 110. Presence of mortgage - Refers to whether the owner households reported mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling. 111. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for owner households - Percentage of an owner household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the mortgage payment property taxes and condominium fees and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes owner households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 112. Shelter cost for owned dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that own their dwellings such as the mortgage payment and the costs of electricity heat water and other municipal services property taxes and condominium fees. 113. Value of dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the dwelling were to be sold. 114. Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income social housing public housing government-assisted housing non-profit housing rent supplements and housing allowances. 115. Shelter-cost-to-income ratio for tenant households - Percentage of a tenant household's average total monthly income which is spent on shelter-related expenses. Those expenses include the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat municipal services etc. The percentage is calculated by dividing the total shelter-related expenses by the household's total monthly income and multiplying the result by 100. Includes tenant households in non-farm non-reserve private dwellings with household total income greater than zero in 2010 (i.e. excludes negative or zero household total income). The relatively high shelter costs to household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2011 while household total income is reported for the year 2010. As well for some households the 2010 household total income may represent income for only part of a year. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income refers to the total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income before income taxes and deductions during the calendar year 2010. 116. Shelter costs for rented dwellings - Includes all shelter expenses paid by households that rent their dwellings such as the monthly rent and the costs of electricity heat and municipal services. 117. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 118. Including loss. 119. For population with income. 120. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the individuals with income in that group (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years). Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 121. Including loss. 122. For population with after-tax income. 123. Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 124. Market income - Refers to the sum of employment income (wages and salaries net farm income and net income from non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice) investment income retirement pensions superannuation and annuities (including those from RRSPs and RRIFs) and other money income. It is equivalent to total income before tax minus all government transfers and is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes. 125. Earnings or employment income - Total wages and salaries and net income from self-employment. 126. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. 127. Self-employment net income - Refers to the total amount received by persons aged 15 years and over during calendar year 2010 as net farm income from self-employment or net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. 128. Investment income - Refers to interest received during calendar year 2010 from deposits in banks trust companies cooperatives credit unions caisses populaires etc. as well as interest on savings certificates bonds and debentures and all dividends from both Canadian and foreign corporate stocks and mutual funds. Also included is other investment income from either Canadian or foreign sources such as net rents from real estate mortgage and loan interest received regular income from an estate or trust fund and interest from insurance policies. Does not include capital gains or losses. 129. Retirement pensions - Refers to all regular income received by the respondent during calendar year 2010 as the result of having been a member of a pension plan of one or more employers. It includes payments received from all annuities including payments from a Registered Retirement Income Fund (RRIF) a matured Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP) in the form of a life annuity a fixed-term annuity or an income-averaging annuity contract; pensions paid to widow(er)s or other relatives of deceased pensioners; pensions of retired civil servants Armed Forces personnel and Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) officers; annuity payments received from the Canadian Government Annuities Fund an insurance company etc. Does not include lump-sum death benefits lump-sum benefits or withdrawals from a pension plan or RRSP or refunds of over-contributions. 130. Other money income - Refers to regular cash income received during calendar year 2010 and not reported in any of the other sources listed on the questionnaire. For example severance pay and retirement allowances alimony child support periodic support from other persons not in the household income from abroad (excluding dividends and interest) non refundable scholarships bursaries fellowships and study grants and artists' project grants are included. 131. Government transfer payments - Refers to all cash benefits received from federal provincial territorial or municipal governments during 2010. This variable is derived by summing the amounts reported in: the Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement Allowance and Allowance for the Survivor; benefits from Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan; benefits from Employment Insurance; child benefits; other income from government sources. 132. Benefits from Canada or Quebec pension plan - Refers to benefits received during calendar year 2010 from the Canada or Quebec Pension Plan (For example retirement pensions survivors' benefits and disability pensions). Does not include lump-sum death benefits. 133. Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement - Refers to Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements paid to persons aged 65 years and over and to the Allowance or Allowance for the survivor paid to 60- to 64-year-old spouses of old age security recipients or widow(er)s by the federal government during the calendar year 2010. 134. Benefits from employment insurance - Refers to total Employment Insurance benefits received during calendar year 2010 before income tax deductions. It includes benefits for unemployment sickness maternity paternity adoption work sharing retraining and benefits to self-employed fishers received under the federal Employment Insurance Program or the Quebec Parental Insurance Program. 135. Child benefits - Refers to payments received under the Canada Child Tax Benefit program during calendar year 2010 by parents with dependent children under 18 years of age. Included with the Canada Child Tax Benefit is the National Child Benefit Supplement (NCBS) for low-income families with children. The NCBS is the federal contribution to the National Child Benefit (NCB) a joint initiative of federal provincial and territorial governments. Also included in this variable are child benefits child disability benefits and earned income supplements provided by certain provinces and territories and the Universal Child Care Benefit (UCCB). 136. Other income from government sources - Refers to all transfer payments excluding those covered as a separate income source (Canada Pension Plan or Quebec Pension Plan benefits Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplements Employment Insurance benefits and child benefits) received from federal provincial territorial or municipal programs during 2010. 137. Income tax paid - Refers to all federal provincial and territorial taxes paid on 2010 income. Federal provincial and territorial taxes paid refer to taxes on income after taking into account exemptions deductions non-refundable tax credits and the Quebec abatement. These taxes are obtained from the income tax files for persons who allowed access to their income tax data and from direct responses on the questionnaire for others. 138. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial taxes paid for 2010. 139. Net capital gains or losses - Refers to the net gains received or losses incurred during calendar year 2010 from the sale of capital property. This represents the proceeds of disposition minus the adjusted cost base of the property and outlays and expenses incurred to sell the property. Capital property includes depreciable property and any property which if sold would result in a capital gain or loss (for example cottages buildings and securities such as mutual funds). Non-taxable capital gains or losses on the sale of a principal residence are excluded. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the definition of Total income as published in standard products. Net capital gains or losses are not included in the concept of total income but are expressed here as a percentage to obtain a relative measure of size. 140. Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2010 as wages and salaries net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice and/or net farm self-employment income. Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances tips commissions and cash bonuses benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2010. Other employment income such as taxable benefits research grants and royalties are included. Net non-farm income from unincorporated business or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2010 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes persons providing room and board to non-relatives self-employed fishers hunters and trappers operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics as well as freelance activities of artists writers music teachers hairdressers dressmakers etc. Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2010 from the operation of a farm either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2010 dividends from cooperatives rebates and farm-support payments to farmers from federal provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the AgriInvest and AgriStability programs. The value of income 'in kind' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm is excluded. Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves i.e. the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) with income in that group. Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals aged 15 years and over who reported income for 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g. males aged 45 to 54 years) by the number of individuals with income in that group. Median and average incomes of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least aged 15 years and who have an income (positive or negative). The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics for earnings. Work activity in 2010 - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in 2010 at all jobs held even if only for a few hours and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week). Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. 141. Economic family total income - The total income of an economic family is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that family. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income of economic families - The after-tax income of an economic family is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that family. After-tax income of family members or persons not in families refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of economic families - The median income of a specified group of families is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the families are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of economic families - Average income of economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of families (for example husband-wife families with working wives) by the number of families in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of economic families. Economic family - Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. 142. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 143. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. Presence of children - Refers to the number of children in private households by age groups. To be included children must live in the same household as the family without a married spouse common-law partner or one or more of their children living in the same household. In a census family they may be children by birth marriage or adoption. In an economic family foster children are also included. 144. Economic family structure - Refers to the classification of economic families as couple families lone-parent families or other economic families. Couple families - Those in which a member of either a married or common-law couple is the economic family reference person. Lone-parent families - Those in which either a male or female lone parent is the economic family reference person. Other economic families - Those in which the economic family reference person has other relatives but does not have a married spouse or common-law partner or a child in their census family. 145. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of persons not in economic families - The median income of a specified group of persons not in economic families (for example males aged 55 to 64) is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the persons are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of persons not in economic families are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of persons not in economic families - Average income of persons not in economic families refers to the weighted mean total income of the persons not in economic families in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of persons not in economic families by the number of persons in that group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of persons not in economic families. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Economic family persons refer to two or more household members who are related to each other by blood marriage common-law adoption or a foster relationship and thereby constitute an economic family. Persons not in economic families refer to household members who do not belong to an economic family including persons living alone. 146. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero). 147. Calculation includes persons not in economic families without after-tax income (with an after-tax income of zero). 148. Adjusted after-tax income for economic families and persons not in economic families - For economic family members this refers to economic family after-tax income that has been adjusted by a factor that accounts for family size. The adjustment factor takes into account the lower relative needs of additional family members as compared to a single person living alone. For use with the NHS income data the adjusted after-tax income is computed as the economic family after-tax income divided by the square root of family size. For persons not in economic families the adjusted after-tax income is set at after-tax income. This is equivalent to a factor of 1.0 for a person not in an economic family. Decile of adjusted after-tax family income - The deciles divide the population ranked by size of adjusted after-tax family income into 10 groups of equal size. The population in the bottom decile is the one who falls in the lower 10 percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The population in the top decile is the one who falls in the highest ten percent of the adjusted after-tax family income distribution. The 10 groups were formed with the full population in private households of Canada whether or not they reported income. 149. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total income refers to monetary receipts from certain sources before income taxes and deductions during calendar year 2010. It includes employment income from wages salaries tips commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from government sources such as social assistance child benefits employment insurance old age security pension Canada or Quebec pension plan benefits and disability income; income from employer and personal pension sources such as private pensions and payments from annuities and RRIFs; income from investment sources such as dividends and interest on bonds accounts GICs and mutual funds; and other regular cash income such as child support payments received spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships. The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. It excludes one-time receipts such as lottery winnings gambling winnings cash inheritances lump sum insurance settlements capital gains and RRSP withdrawals. Capital gains are excluded because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are less likely to be fully spent in the period in which they are received unlike income that is regular and recurring. Also excluded are employer's contributions to registered pension plans Canada and Quebec pension plans and employment insurance. Finally voluntary inter-household transfers imputed rent goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption are excluded from this total income definition. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 150. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 151. Household total income - The total income of a household is the sum of the total incomes of all members of that household. After-tax income of households - The after-tax income of a household is the sum of the after-tax incomes of all members of that household. Total income - Total of income from all sources including employment income income from government programs pension income investment income and any other money income. After-tax income - Refers to total income from all sources minus federal provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2010. Median income of households - The median income of a specified group of households is that amount which divides their income size distribution ranked by size of income into two halves. That is the incomes of the first half of the households are below the median while those of the second half are above the median. Median incomes of households are normally calculated for all units in the specified group whether or not they reported income. Average income of households - Average income of households refers to the weighted mean total income of households in 2010. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of households (for example two person households) by the number of households in that specific group whether or not they reported income. The above concept and procedures also apply in the calculation of these statistics on the after-tax income of households. Household private - Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy the same private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada. Household members who are temporarily absent on May 10 2011 (e.g. temporarily residing elsewhere) are considered as part of their usual household. Every person is a member of one and only one household. 152. Household size - Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household. 153. Income status can be measured in several different ways in household surveys. For the standard products of the National Household Survey the line chosen is a relative measure: the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). For this measure the income used is after-tax income of households. There are no regional variations to account for prices or cost of living differences: all applicable households in Canada face the same line adjusted for household size. This line is set at half the median of adjusted household after-tax income. To account for potential economies of scale the income of households with more than one member is divided by the square root of the size of the household. All household members are considered to share the household income and are attributed the same income status. Note: Low-income estimates in the 2011 National Household Survey. For the 2011 National Household Survey (NHS) low-income statistics are presented based on the after-tax low-income measure (LIM-AT). This measure is not related to the low-income cut-offs (LICO) presented in the 2006 Census and prevalence rates are conceptually not comparable. Because of the sensitivity of certain income indicators to differences in methodology and response patterns direct comparisons to establish trends with low-income estimates from other household surveys administrative programs or the 2006 Census are discouraged. The prevalence rates observed in the NHS at the national level are generally 1 to 2 percentage points higher than seen for similar concepts in other programs. However analysis of the NHS data suggests that it is valid to compare low-income data for different sub-populations within the NHS (i.e. for different geographic areas or demographic groups). For more information refer to the Income Reference Guide National Household Survey Catalogue no. 99-014-X2011006. Age - Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date that is before May 10 2011. Source: Statistics Canada; 2011 National Household Survey. How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2013. National Household Survey Profile. 2011 National Household Survey. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 99-004-XWE. Ottawa. Released June 26 2013. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E