2006 Census Topic-based tabulations

Archived Content

Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. Please contact us to request a format other than those available.

Topic-based tabulation: Aboriginal Ancestry (14), Area of Residence (6), Age Groups (8), Sex (3) and Selected Demographic, Cultural, Labour Force, Educational and Income Characteristics (227A), for the Total Population of Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data

About this tabulation

General information

Catalogue number :97-564-XCB2006001
Release date :December 9, 2008
Topic :Aboriginal peoples
Data dimensions :

Note

Additional information about this table is available in the Dimension Summary Box of the 'Selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics (227A)' variable.

Note: Data Quality - Relationship of Census Income Estimates to the National Accounts and Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics

Census income estimates of aggregate income in 2005 were compared to similar personal income estimates from the national accounts. After adjustments to the personal income estimates for differences in concepts and coverage, the census estimate of aggregate income in 2005 from comparable sources was 1.2% lower than the national accounts estimate. As in the past, census estimates for some income components and for some provinces compared more favourably than for others.

Census estimates of aggregate wages and salaries, the largest component of income, were slightly higher (1.0%) than the national accounts estimates. This was partially offset by the difference (-7.8%) between the census estimates of aggregate self-employment income from both farm and non-farm self-employment and the adjusted national accounts figures. Overall, estimates of aggregate employment income or earnings were nearly identical (0.3% difference).

Census estimates of Old Age Security pensions and the Guaranteed Income Supplement were slightly lower (-1.4%), as they were for Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits (-0.9%), than adjusted national accounts estimates. Employment Insurance benefits reported in the census were smaller by 6.1%. Census estimates of aggregate child benefits were 2.0% higher than the adjusted national accounts estimates. Census estimates of other government transfer payments, which include such items as social welfare benefits, provincial income supplements to seniors, veterans' pensions and GST/HST/QST refunds, were significantly below (-39.2%) the estimates from the national accounts. Overall, census estimates of aggregate income from all government transfer payments were lower by 12.0%. The census estimate of aggregate investment income in 2005 was slightly lower (-2.7%) than the comparable national accounts estimate. This is a significant improvement when compared to previous census comparisons.

Census income statistics were also compared with similar statistics from the annual Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID). SLID estimates reflect adjustments made for population undercoverage, while census estimates do not include such an adjustment. This adjustment contributes to census estimates showing fewer income recipients (-2.1%) and earners (-1.4%) than SLID estimates. However, due to higher average amounts, census estimates of aggregate earnings are 2.8% higher than the SLID estimate, while the census estimate of aggregate total income of individuals is 2.3% higher. Most of the observed provincial differences were considered acceptable in the light of sampling errors in the Survey. The all-person low income prevalence rates for Canada (excluding the Territories) were almost identical in both sources for the before-tax measure at 15.3% and only slightly higher (0.6 percentage points) in census than SLID for the after-tax rate.

Note: Broad occupational category A - Management occupations

Census data for occupation groups in Broad occupational category A - Management occupations should be used with caution. Some coding errors were made in assigning the appropriate level of management, e.g., senior manager as opposed to middle manager, and in determining the appropriate area of specialization or activity, e.g., a manager of a health care program in a hospital as opposed to a government manager in health policy administration. Some non-management occupations have also been miscoded to management due to confusion over titles such as program manager and project manager. Data users may wish to use data for management occupations in conjunction with other variables such as Income, Age and Education.

Note: Consistency of earnings and labour estimates

Changes to the collection methodology for income data and to the editing procedures create an apparent inconsistency for more records in 2006 compared to 2001. For example, a larger amount of full-year, full-time workers (or part-year workers) are without reported earnings. There are also more persons with earnings that do not report work activity during the previous calendar year.

These impacts are also visible for wages and salaries and net income from self-employment.

For more information, please consult the Income and Earnings Reference Guide, 2006 Census, Catalogue no. 97-563-GWE2006003.

Note: Data on knowledge of official languages

According to studies on data certification, the 2006 Census statistics on knowledge of official languages could underestimate the category 'English and French' and overestimate the category 'French only,' particularly for the francophone population and, therefore, for the whole population. More information on the subject is available in the Languages Reference Guide, 2006 Census, Catalogue no. 97-555-GWE2006003.


Note: Income Data for Seniors in Collective Dwellings

In the 2006 Census, individuals who resided in institutions or residences with distinct, separate living quarters, and who were able to complete the census questionnaire, received their own census form to complete. These individuals were excluded from measurements of income in prior censuses. This census their incomes have been set to zero. This results in a slight overestimation in the count of population 15 years and over, and primarily the age group 65 years and over, without income (or without earnings). Counts and income statistics for families or persons not in families are not affected, as individuals in these types of collective dwellings have always, and continue to be excluded from those populations.

Note: Income suppression

Area suppression is the deletion of all characteristic data for geographic areas with populations below a specified size. Income distributions and related statistics are suppressed if the population in the area, excluding institutional residents, is less than 250 from either the 100% or the 20% database, or if the number of private households is less than 40 from the 20% database.

Tables with income, after-tax income or earnings distributions

Income, after-tax income and earnings distributions have been suppressed where the estimated total number of units (persons, families or households) in the reference year is less than 250. All suppressed cells and associated averages, medians and standard errors of average income, average after-tax income or average earnings have been replaced with zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Tables with number and median or average income, after-tax income or earnings

Statistics have been suppressed if the estimated total number of persons (males, females or both sexes) with income, after-tax income or earnings in the reference year is less than 250 persons. All suppressed counts and associated averages and medians have been replaced by zeroes or symbols.

In all cases, suppressed data are included in the appropriate higher aggregate subtotals and totals.

Note: Institutional residents

People in seniors' residences in the 2006 Census are classified as 'not living in an institution'. This is a change from the 2001 Census where they were classified as institutional residents, specifically, 'living in an institution, resident under care or custody'.

Note: Labour force growth for the Northwest Territories

Care should be exercised in comparing the Northwest Territories 2006 Census population counts with those from the 2001 Census. In 2001, the net undercount for the Northwest Territories was estimated at 8.11%, substantially higher than the national level of 2.99%, and almost double its 1996 level. The increase in the labour force, the employed, unemployed and not in the labour force populations between 2001 and 2006 is likely overstated due to improvements in coverage of the Northwest Territories in 2006.

Note: Major field of study - Classification of instructional programs - (CIP), Canada, 2000

For the first time with the 2006 Census, major field of study data were coded with the Classification of Instructional Programs - (CIP), Canada, 2000.

Prior to the 2006 Census, the Major Field of Study Classification (MFS) was used to classify major field of study. We recommend users not make historical comparisons between the two classification systems. Even though some entries in the two classifications are similar, direct comparison would be inappropriate given the much more detailed character of the new classification.

A theoretical concordance table between the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) and the Major Field of Study Classification (MFS) showing the definitional relationship between the two classifications was developed. This table is available in the 2006 Census Dictionary (Appendix N). This type of concordance allows users to see the relationship between the two classes of systems based on the definitional aspects of each system. However, users are cautioned that this type of concordance can not be used to convert counts from one classification system to another.

Note: Mobility status (1 year ago) universe

The 'Mobility status (1 year ago)' universe includes persons 1 year of age and over residing in Canada, excluding institutional residents and Canadians (military and government personnel of Canada) in households outside Canada. For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue number 92-566-XWE.

Note: Mobility status (5 years ago) universe

The 'Mobility status (5 years ago)' universe includes persons 5 years of age and over residing in Canada, excluding institutional residents and Canadians (military and government personnel of Canada) in households outside Canada. For additional information, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue number 92-566-XWE.


Data table

Select data categories for this table


This table details aboriginal ancestry , area of residence , age groups , sex and selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics , for the total population in AlbertaFootnote 2
Selected demographic, cultural, labour force, educational and income characteristics (227A) Aboriginal ancestry (14)
Total - Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestry population Total - Aboriginal ancestry populationFootnote 3 Aboriginal ancestry single responses Aboriginal ancestry multiple responses Total - North American Indian ancestryFootnote 4 North American Indian ancestry single responses North American Indian ancestry multiple responses Total - Métis ancestryFootnote 5 Métis ancestry single responses Métis ancestry multiple responses Total - Inuit ancestryFootnote 6 Inuit ancestry single responses Inuit ancestry multiple responses Total - Non-Aboriginal ancestry population
Total population 15 years and over by legal marital statusFootnote 7 2,625,145 167,070 59,145 107,930 114,955 47,225 67,735 57,500 11,330 46,170 2,215 590 1,630 2,458,075
Never legally married (single) 893,390 89,880 37,490 52,390 64,145 30,920 33,230 28,210 6,200 22,010 1,250 370 880 803,510
Legally married (and not separated)Footnote 8 1,341,900 53,310 13,710 39,600 34,100 10,335 23,765 21,090 3,235 17,855 740 145 595 1,288,585
Separated, but still legally married 72,905 6,895 2,545 4,355 5,045 1,940 3,105 2,165 575 1,590 80 25 50 66,005
Divorced 202,585 12,935 3,450 9,485 8,620 2,415 6,205 4,845 1,015 3,830 120 25 100 189,645
Widowed 114,365 4,040 1,940 2,095 3,040 1,615 1,430 1,190 305 880 20 20 0 110,320
Total population in private households by census family statusFootnote 9 3,228,070 243,530 88,860 154,670 168,665 71,760 96,905 82,885 16,365 66,525 3,280 740 2,535 2,984,540
Number of family persons 2,696,285 206,680 74,140 132,535 142,800 60,485 82,320 70,990 13,180 57,810 2,675 480 2,195 2,489,605
Husbands or wives 1,317,800 52,385 13,220 39,165 33,435 9,960 23,480 20,795 3,115 17,680 730 145 590 1,265,415
Common-law partners 231,370 29,845 13,300 16,540 21,840 11,135 10,705 8,920 2,075 6,840 375 90 285 201,520
Lone parents 130,265 16,885 8,135 8,750 13,135 6,980 6,160 4,465 1,120 3,345 175 40 130 113,380
Children in census families 1,016,850 107,560 39,480 68,080 74,390 32,410 41,980 36,815 6,870 29,945 1,395 200 1,195 909,285
Number of persons not in census families 531,785 36,850 14,720 22,130 25,860 11,275 14,585 11,895 3,180 8,710 600 260 340 494,935
Living with relatives 74,015 10,175 5,880 4,295 7,950 4,905 3,045 2,460 920 1,540 170 55 110 63,840
Living with non-relatives only 149,080 11,920 4,165 7,755 7,945 2,870 5,080 4,260 1,195 3,070 240 105 135 137,160
Living alone 308,690 14,755 4,670 10,080 9,965 3,505 6,460 5,175 1,070 4,110 195 100 95 293,940
Total population 1 year and overFootnote 10 3,214,140 239,315 87,380 151,935 165,635 70,440 95,195 81,490 16,190 65,300 3,225 750 2,480 2,974,825
Lived at the same address 1 year ago 2,606,575 180,090 68,515 111,575 125,215 55,955 69,265 60,895 12,075 48,825 2,245 495 1,755 2,426,485
Lived within the same province or territory 1 year ago, but changed addresses within the same census subdivision (municipality) 359,015 34,025 10,250 23,780 22,800 7,505 15,295 12,345 2,595 9,745 515 150 360 324,985
Lived within the same province or territory 1 year ago, but changed addresses from another census subdivision (municipality) within the same province or territory 127,915 16,335 6,175 10,155 11,825 5,110 6,710 5,030 1,020 4,015 195 45 150 111,585
Lived in a different province or territory 1 year ago 86,995 8,200 2,365 5,830 5,300 1,825 3,480 3,030 485 2,545 245 55 185 78,800
Lived in a different country 1 year ago 33,635 670 75 595 505 55 445 185 15 170 35 0 30 32,965
Total population 5 years and overFootnote 11 3,053,135 219,545 79,900 139,645 151,710 64,185 87,520 74,995 15,010 59,990 2,955 700 2,255 2,833,590
Lived at the same address 5 years ago 1,594,630 103,545 45,290 58,255 75,260 38,630 36,630 32,060 6,415 25,645 1,040 240 795 1,491,090
Lived within the same province or territory 5 years ago, but changed addresses within the same census subdivision (municipality) 792,665 61,890 18,145 43,745 40,445 13,180 27,270 23,200 4,795 18,405 895 170 725 730,775
Lived within the same province or territory 5 years ago, but changed addresses from another census subdivision (municipality) within the same province or territory 321,085 33,030 11,005 22,020 22,340 8,405 13,940 11,995 2,495 9,500 390 110 285 288,055
Lived in a different province or territory 5 years ago 226,870 19,895 5,320 14,575 12,765 3,850 8,915 7,430 1,290 6,135 610 180 425 206,970
Lived in a different country 5 years ago 117,890 1,185 135 1,050 895 120 770 320 15 300 20 0 20 116,700
Total - Registered Indian statusFootnote 12 3,256,355 244,565 89,340 155,220 169,355 72,080 97,275 83,235 16,515 66,720 3,295 750 2,550 3,011,795
Registered IndianFootnote 13 91,400 86,225 63,050 23,175 83,195 61,760 21,440 5,480 1,210 4,270 235 80 160 5,175
Not a Registered Indian 3,164,955 158,335 26,290 132,045 86,155 10,320 75,835 77,755 15,305 62,450 3,060 670 2,390 3,006,620
Total - Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal identity populationFootnote 14 3,256,355 244,565 89,340 155,220 169,355 72,075 97,275 83,235 16,515 66,720 3,300 750 2,550 3,011,795
Total Aboriginal identity populationFootnote 15 188,365 170,550 84,230 86,320 121,375 68,440 52,935 56,845 15,170 41,675 1,995 620 1,375 17,820
North American Indian single responseFootnote 16 97,280 91,405 64,840 26,560 90,610 64,490 26,125 3,065 335 2,725 75 15 60 5,875
Métis single response 85,495 74,750 17,850 56,905 28,235 3,100 25,135 52,945 14,725 38,220 265 25 240 10,750
Inuit single response 1,610 1,590 580 1,010 90 10 85 60 0 60 1,580 570 1,005 20
Multiple Aboriginal identity responses 1,215 1,155 200 950 900 145 755 630 50 580 75 10 70 65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereFootnote 17 2,765 1,655 760 895 1,530 695 835 145 60 85 10 10 10 1,105
Non-Aboriginal identity population 3,067,990 74,015 5,115 68,905 47,980 3,635 44,345 26,385 1,350 25,045 1,300 130 1,170 2,993,975
Total population by mother tongueFootnote 18 3,256,355 244,565 89,340 155,220 169,355 72,075 97,280 83,235 16,515 66,720 3,300 750 2,550 3,011,795
Total single responses 3,221,420 241,205 87,300 153,905 166,555 70,255 96,305 82,515 16,325 66,195 3,265 725 2,540 2,980,220
English 2,576,670 208,770 62,930 145,840 138,355 47,350 91,000 77,415 14,970 62,445 3,080 610 2,470 2,367,895
French 61,225 4,855 585 4,275 2,145 190 1,960 2,890 395 2,495 40 0 40 56,365
Aboriginal languages 26,985 26,355 23,240 3,115 25,325 22,360 2,965 1,715 770 940 140 110 30 630
Other single responses 556,545 1,215 540 675 730 355 380 500 190 315 0 0 0 555,325
Total multiple responses 34,935 3,360 2,045 1,315 2,800 1,825 975 715 190 525 35 25 10 31,570
English and Aboriginal language 2,560 2,450 1,840 610 2,310 1,735 570 270 80 190 35 25 10 110
French and Aboriginal language 60 55 40 15 40 30 10 15 0 10 0 0 0 0
English, French and Aboriginal language 35 30 0 25 35 10 25 0 0 10 0 0 0 0
Other multiple responses 32,280 825 160 665 415 55 360 430 105 320 0 0 0 31,460
Total population by language spoken most often at homeFootnote 19 3,256,355 244,565 89,340 155,220 169,355 72,075 97,280 83,235 16,515 66,720 3,300 750 2,550 3,011,790
Total single responses 3,210,510 242,145 87,450 154,700 167,095 70,260 96,840 83,010 16,445 66,570 3,285 745 2,540 2,968,365
English 2,893,240 227,530 74,555 152,975 153,545 57,780 95,770 81,740 16,045 65,695 3,265 730 2,540 2,665,705
French 19,315 1,080 140 945 520 85 440 605 55 550 0 0 0 18,235
Aboriginal languages 13,115 12,985 12,490 495 12,750 12,275 475 405 220 185 0 0 0 135
Other single responses 284,840 545 255 290 280 130 155 265 115 145 15 10 0 284,290
Total multiple responses 45,845 2,415 1,890 525 2,255 1,815 440 220 70 155 15 10 0 43,430
English and Aboriginal language 2,120 2,075 1,800 270 2,020 1,755 265 105 40 65 20 10 10 50
French and Aboriginal language 10 10 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0
English, French and Aboriginal language 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Other multiple responses 43,720 335 90 245 230 55 180 120 35 85 0 0 0 43,380
Total population by knowledge of Aboriginal languagesFootnote 20 3,256,360 244,560 89,340 155,220 169,355 72,075 97,275 83,235 16,515 66,720 3,300 750 2,550 3,011,795
Total single responses 2,409,040 193,835 57,720 136,110 127,880 42,895 84,985 72,570 14,240 58,330 2,875 585 2,285 2,215,210
English 2,372,085 193,110 57,135 135,980 127,245 42,355 84,885 72,480 14,200 58,275 2,870 580 2,285 2,178,975
French 1,535 115 30 90 80 25 50 40 0 35 0 0 0 1,420
Aboriginal languages 530 520 500 20 515 495 25 10 0 0 0 0 0 10
Other single responses 34,890 85 60 25 40 20 20 40 30 10 10 10 0 34,805
Total multiple responses 847,315 50,725 31,620 19,105 41,480 29,185 12,295 10,665 2,280 8,385 425 160 265 796,590
English and Aboriginal language 34,990 33,895 29,090 4,805 32,345 27,815 4,530 2,535 1,145 1,390 200 130 70 1,095
French and Aboriginal language 20 20 20 0 20 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
English, French and Aboriginal language 690 545 235 310 390 135 255 190 95 85 10 0 10 150
Other multiple responses 811,615 16,270 2,275 13,995 8,720 1,210 7,510 7,945 1,030 6,910 215 35 185 795,345
Total population 15 years and over by labour force activityFootnote 21 2,625,145 167,070 59,140 107,930 114,955 47,225 67,730 57,500 11,330 46,170 2,220 585 1,625 2,458,075
In the labour force 1,942,825 119,395 35,625 83,770 79,125 27,335 51,790 44,030 7,895 36,135 1,685 400 1,285 1,823,430
Employed 1,859,965 107,980 29,895 78,085 70,175 22,290 47,885 41,195 7,255 33,935 1,560 345 1,215 1,751,980
Unemployed 82,860 11,410 5,730 5,685 8,950 5,040 3,905 2,835 630 2,205 125 55 70 71,450
Not in the labour force 682,320 47,675 23,520 24,160 35,825 19,890 15,935 13,470 3,440 10,030 530 190 340 634,645
Participation rate 74.0 71.5 60.2 77.6 68.8 57.9 76.5 76.6 69.7 78.3 75.9 68.4 79.1 74.2
Employment rate 70.9 64.6 50.5 72.3 61.0 47.2 70.7 71.6 64.0 73.5 70.3 59.0 74.8 71.3
Unemployment rate 4.3 9.6 16.1 6.8 11.3 18.4 7.5 6.4 8.0 6.1 7.4 13.8 5.4 3.9
Total labour force 15 years and over by class of workerFootnote 22 1,942,825 119,390 35,620 83,775 79,125 27,330 51,795 44,030 7,890 36,135 1,685 405 1,285 1,823,430
Class of worker - Not applicableFootnote 23 14,185 2,685 1,755 935 2,370 1,615 755 460 125 330 15 10 10 11,495
All classes of workerFootnote 24 1,928,640 116,705 33,865 82,840 76,750 25,715 51,035 43,565 7,760 35,805 1,670 390 1,275 1,811,935
Wage earners 1,662,940 106,875 31,935 74,940 70,790 24,510 46,280 39,345 7,045 32,300 1,600 380 1,215 1,556,060
Self-employedFootnote 25 258,745 9,580 1,885 7,695 5,835 1,175 4,665 4,100 700 3,405 75 10 65 249,160
Unpaid family workers 6,955 245 45 200 130 30 95 115 10 105 0 0 0 6,710
Total labour force 15 years and over by industry - North American Industry Classification System 2002Footnote 26 1,942,825 119,390 35,625 83,770 79,120 27,330 51,790 44,030 7,890 36,140 1,685 400 1,285 1,823,430
Industry - Not applicableFootnote 27 14,190 2,690 1,755 935 2,370 1,615 760 460 125 335 15 10 10 11,495
All industriesFootnote 28 1,928,640 116,705 33,870 82,840 76,750 25,715 51,040 43,565 7,760 35,805 1,670 395 1,280 1,811,935
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting 75,870 3,030 1,180 1,845 2,025 950 1,075 1,105 225 880 25 10 15 72,845
21 Mining and oil and gas extraction 134,625 9,290 2,610 6,675 5,515 1,735 3,780 3,995 830 3,165 210 45 160 125,330
22 Utilities 18,030 865 265 600 530 200 335 355 55 300 10 10 0 17,165
23 Construction 169,420 13,555 4,190 9,365 9,015 3,145 5,870 5,000 1,025 3,975 155 15 135 155,860
31-33 Manufacturing 138,365 7,505 1,855 5,650 4,860 1,345 3,510 2,880 475 2,405 90 30 60 130,860
41 Wholesale trade 85,510 4,175 730 3,445 2,535 420 2,115 1,735 295 1,445 95 10 80 81,340
44-45 Retail trade 206,660 13,020 2,985 10,040 8,210 2,120 6,085 5,195 820 4,375 190 45 145 193,640
48-49 Transportation and warehousing 98,875 6,190 1,695 4,495 4,050 1,145 2,905 2,335 545 1,780 75 10 75 92,680
51 Information and cultural industries 35,975 1,485 280 1,210 950 175 775 590 100 490 10 10 10 34,485
52 Finance and insurance 59,560 2,070 335 1,735 1,235 245 995 855 90 770 35 0 30 57,495
53 Real estate and rental and leasing 37,905 1,945 405 1,535 1,215 290 920 785 110 675 30 0 30 35,970
54 Professional, scientific and technical services 145,470 4,780 765 4,020 2,980 530 2,450 1,905 200 1,705 100 35 70 140,690
55 Management of companies and enterprises 2,585 70 20 55 55 20 40 25 0 25 0 0 0 2,515
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services 71,365 5,305 1,695 3,610 3,765 1,420 2,345 1,705 260 1,450 50 15 35 66,060
61 Educational services 120,460 5,905 2,100 3,805 4,200 1,805 2,390 2,030 295 1,740 35 10 30 114,555
62 Health care and social assistance 175,200 10,325 3,620 6,705 7,065 2,955 4,115 3,570 620 2,950 135 45 90 164,880
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation 36,280 2,190 575 1,615 1,455 435 1,020 785 135 650 15 10 15 34,090
72 Accommodation and food services 127,630 9,900 2,745 7,155 6,355 1,875 4,480 3,685 805 2,880 245 65 185 117,730
81 Other services (except public administration) 99,055 6,290 1,635 4,660 4,155 1,165 2,990 2,440 440 2,005 55 30 25 92,765
91 Public administration 89,795 8,810 4,185 4,630 6,580 3,735 2,850 2,590 445 2,150 100 0 95 80,985
Total labour force 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006Footnote 29 1,942,820 119,395 35,625 83,770 79,125 27,330 51,795 44,030 7,890 36,135 1,685 400 1,285 1,823,430
Occupation - Not applicableFootnote 30 14,185 2,690 1,755 935 2,375 1,615 755 465 130 330 15 10 10 11,495
All occupationsFootnote 31 1,928,640 116,705 33,870 82,835 76,750 25,710 51,035 43,565 7,760 35,810 1,670 390 1,280 1,811,935
A Management occupations 187,240 8,095 1,855 6,240 5,325 1,420 3,905 3,075 415 2,660 55 20 30 179,145
B Business, finance and administrative occupations 340,430 17,880 4,145 13,740 11,510 3,130 8,385 6,900 935 5,965 280 80 195 322,550
C Natural and applied sciences and related occupations 144,240 4,600 730 3,865 2,870 520 2,355 1,800 210 1,595 105 0 105 139,645
D Health occupations 103,620 4,305 925 3,380 2,580 700 1,880 1,875 215 1,660 65 10 50 99,315
E Occupations in social science, education, government service and religion 136,605 8,085 3,180 4,905 5,820 2,700 3,125 2,600 460 2,145 65 20 45 128,530
F Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport 45,165 1,940 420 1,520 1,225 300 930 755 120 640 20 0 20 43,225
G Sales and service occupations 438,110 31,295 9,125 22,165 20,555 6,825 13,730 11,555 2,175 9,380 550 125 435 406,815
H Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations 350,365 28,275 9,000 19,275 18,725 6,635 12,095 10,525 2,275 8,255 380 95 285 322,090
I Occupations unique to primary industry 117,500 7,530 2,905 4,630 4,905 2,315 2,590 2,805 565 2,235 110 25 80 109,965
J Occupations unique to processing, manufacturing and utilities 65,365 4,700 1,585 3,115 3,230 1,185 2,050 1,670 395 1,275 45 10 35 60,670
Total population 15 years and over by highest certificate, diploma or degreeFootnote 32 2,625,140 167,070 59,140 107,925 114,955 47,220 67,730 57,500 11,330 46,170 2,215 590 1,630 2,458,075
No certificate, diploma or degree 614,870 66,640 32,240 34,400 49,955 26,995 22,960 18,955 5,020 13,935 690 230 465 548,225
Certificate, diploma or degree 2,010,275 100,425 26,900 73,530 65,000 20,230 44,770 38,540 6,310 32,230 1,525 360 1,160 1,909,845
High school certificate or equivalentFootnote 33 688,140 39,190 10,370 28,825 24,915 7,585 17,325 15,245 2,630 12,615 620 155 470 648,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma 285,815 19,115 5,810 13,300 12,715 4,370 8,345 7,200 1,400 5,805 245 40 200 266,700
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diplomaFootnote 34 472,210 26,755 7,270 19,490 17,270 5,355 11,915 10,345 1,795 8,550 420 120 305 445,455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor levelFootnote 35 105,685 4,505 1,640 2,865 3,115 1,450 1,665 1,565 165 1,400 85 25 60 101,175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor's level or aboveFootnote 36 458,425 10,860 1,810 9,055 6,985 1,465 5,520 4,180 320 3,865 155 20 130 447,560
Bachelor's degree 320,315 8,025 1,360 6,660 5,010 1,080 3,925 3,240 250 2,985 120 25 100 312,295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level 33,235 960 180 780 670 155 515 325 20 300 15 0 20 32,275
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry 13,695 160 10 145 80 10 70 80 0 75 0 0 0 13,535
Master's degree 74,235 1,515 220 1,295 1,065 185 875 495 30 455 10 0 10 72,720
Earned doctorate 16,935 200 35 165 165 30 130 45 10 45 0 0 0 16,735
Total population 15 years and over with postsecondary qualifications by major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs, 2000Footnote 37 1,322,135 61,235 16,530 44,710 40,085 12,640 27,445 23,295 3,680 19,615 900 210 695 1,260,895
Education 104,615 3,765 1,095 2,675 2,530 935 1,595 1,435 160 1,270 30 0 35 100,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies 39,210 1,665 255 1,405 1,060 185 875 645 70 575 40 0 35 37,545
Humanities 52,560 1,845 510 1,330 1,355 455 900 550 50 500 15 10 10 50,710
Social and behavioural sciences and law 105,725 5,120 1,595 3,520 3,465 1,280 2,185 1,775 290 1,485 80 25 55 100,610
Business, management and public administration 269,270 13,390 3,845 9,545 8,960 2,930 6,035 4,990 850 4,135 190 60 125 255,880
Physical and life sciences and technologies 49,810 1,210 110 1,095 710 70 635 510 25 480 25 15 10 48,600
Mathematics, computer and information sciences 45,145 1,845 435 1,410 1,200 315 885 715 110 605 20 10 0 43,300
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies 356,340 16,490 4,390 12,095 10,590 3,160 7,435 6,380 1,170 5,205 290 65 225 339,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation 35,510 1,540 405 1,135 975 290 685 640 115 520 15 0 10 33,970
Health, parks, recreation and fitness 190,870 8,535 2,100 6,440 5,440 1,685 3,750 3,345 410 2,940 115 0 110 182,335
Personal, protective and transportation services 73,005 5,825 1,780 4,040 3,780 1,340 2,440 2,325 420 1,905 90 20 70 67,185
Other fields of studyFootnote 38 70 10 0 10 10 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 55
Total population 15 years and over by employment income and work activityFootnote 39 2,625,140 167,070 59,140 107,930 114,950 47,225 67,735 57,500 11,330 46,165 2,220 585 1,630 2,458,075
Did not work or had no employment income in 2005Footnote 40 677,605 49,360 26,140 23,215 37,990 22,325 15,665 12,915 3,610 9,305 480 205 275 628,250
Worked full year full time with employment incomeFootnote 41 1,067,890 55,720 14,360 41,365 35,785 10,605 25,185 21,670 3,585 18,085 800 165 640 1,012,170
Average employment income $ 57,961 45,466 37,832 48,116 43,916 35,955 47,269 48,126 43,063 49,130 50,966 44,664 52,626 58,649
Median employment income $ 43,964 37,822 31,629 40,136 36,370 30,379 39,491 40,471 35,852 41,620 44,561 44,618 44,116 44,351
Standard error of average employment income $ 226 296 295 441 351 270 597 512 1,160 570 2,516 3,932 2,990 241
Worked part year or part time with employment incomeFootnote 42 879,645 61,990 18,640 43,345 41,180 14,290 26,885 22,915 4,130 18,780 935 215 720 817,655
Average employment income $ 27,164 20,949 18,469 22,016 20,125 17,363 21,593 22,189 22,106 22,207 24,837 22,073 25,675 27,636
Median employment income $ 14,804 12,035 11,244 12,418 11,815 10,683 12,336 12,562 12,905 12,508 13,947 15,991 11,196 14,999
Standard error of average employment income $ 182 210 167 347 246 156 467 350 654 407 1,968 3,058 2,395 199
Total population 15 years and over by employment incomeFootnote 43 2,625,140 167,070 59,140 107,930 114,955 47,220 67,730 57,500 11,330 46,170 2,220 590 1,630 2,458,075
Without employment income 566,495 42,320 22,840 19,480 32,665 19,495 13,175 11,000 3,180 7,820 405 170 240 524,175
With employment incomeFootnote 44 2,058,650 124,750 36,305 88,450 82,290 27,730 54,555 46,500 8,155 38,345 1,810 420 1,390 1,933,900
Under $5,000Footnote 45 276,420 21,600 7,680 13,920 15,055 6,120 8,935 7,295 1,470 5,820 300 90 210 254,825
$5,000 to $9,999 188,860 14,030 4,555 9,475 9,530 3,675 5,850 4,980 855 4,125 175 20 160 174,835
$10,000 to $19,999 305,940 21,650 7,005 14,650 14,545 5,500 9,045 7,685 1,420 6,265 340 80 260 284,290
$20,000 to $29,999 264,425 17,335 5,385 11,945 11,780 4,180 7,600 6,155 1,120 5,035 210 85 125 247,095
$30,000 to $39,999 247,680 14,670 4,300 10,370 9,610 3,220 6,400 5,475 1,045 4,430 180 40 140 233,010
$40,000 to $49,999 194,505 10,300 2,530 7,775 6,880 1,895 4,985 3,820 605 3,210 105 30 80 184,200
$50,000 to $59,999 147,665 7,435 1,645 5,795 4,525 1,175 3,355 3,110 450 2,665 125 20 105 140,230
$60,000 to $74,999 162,075 7,565 1,500 6,060 4,410 910 3,500 3,480 560 2,915 105 35 75 154,510
$75,000 and over 271,070 10,170 1,700 8,470 5,955 1,060 4,895 4,510 620 3,890 265 20 240 260,905
Average employment income $Footnote 46 42,439 31,456 25,365 33,956 30,019 23,738 33,211 33,881 30,687 34,560 35,765 29,453 37,672 43,148
Median employment income $Footnote 47 29,738 22,702 18,172 24,999 21,431 17,011 24,450 25,032 21,989 25,505 24,954 24,908 25,018 30,018
Standard error of average employment income $Footnote 48 143 177 151 287 205 139 383 315 628 361 1,641 2,550 1,985 155
Total population 15 years and over with income in 2005 by composition of total income %Footnote 49 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
Market income % 92.8 89.3 80.5 92.4 87.6 78.0 91.7 91.9 87.1 92.9 93.0 88.4 93.9 93.0
Employment income % 82.3 84.9 77.2 87.5 83.5 75.5 86.8 86.9 81.9 88.0 89.3 82.4 91.1 82.1
Wages and salaries % 78.0 82.1 75.4 84.4 80.7 73.7 83.7 84.3 80.2 85.1 85.4 81.2 86.5 77.8
Self-employment income % 4.3 2.8 1.8 3.1 2.8 1.9 3.2 2.6 1.6 2.8 4.0 1.1 4.8 4.4
Investment income % 5.1 2.0 1.2 2.2 1.8 0.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.0 2.5 0.7 5.2
Retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities % 3.8 1.4 0.9 1.5 1.3 0.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 3.9
Other money income % 1.7 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 2.6 1.0 1.8
Government transfer payments % 7.2 10.7 19.5 7.6 12.4 22.0 8.3 8.1 12.9 7.1 7.0 11.3 5.9 7.0
Old Age Security pensions and Guaranteed Income Supplement % 1.9 1.4 2.9 0.9 1.6 3.3 1.0 1.1 2.1 0.9 0.4 0.0 0.4 1.9
Canada/Quebec Pension Plan benefits % 2.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.3 0.7 1.3 0.6 2.3
Child benefits % 0.9 2.9 6.1 1.8 3.6 7.3 2.1 1.8 2.8 1.6 2.2 3.4 1.9 0.9
Employment Insurance benefits % 0.8 1.5 2.0 1.3 1.6 2.0 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.4 1.7 2.9 1.4 0.8
Other income from government sources % 1.3 3.5 7.2 2.3 4.3 8.2 2.7 2.4 4.5 1.9 2.0 3.2 1.7 1.2
Income taxes paid % 18.2 14.2 9.7 15.7 13.1 8.0 15.3 15.8 14.6 16.0 17.1 13.8 17.9 18.4
Total population 15 years and over by wages and salaries in 2005Footnote 50 2,625,140 167,070 59,140 107,925 114,955 47,225 67,730 57,495 11,330 46,170 2,215 585 1,630 2,458,075
Without wages and salaries 724,830 47,115 23,700 23,420 35,590 20,060 15,530 12,990 3,450 9,540 470 185 285 677,720
With wages and salaries 1,900,310 119,955 35,445 84,510 79,365 27,165 52,200 44,515 7,880 36,630 1,745 400 1,345 1,780,355
Under $5,000 236,985 20,775 7,480 13,295 14,605 6,010 8,595 6,910 1,395 5,515 290 70 215 216,210
$5,000 to $9,999 169,160 13,360 4,435 8,915 9,110 3,605 5,510 4,680 815 3,860 180 20 160 155,805
$10,000 to $19,999 274,700 20,655 6,825 13,825 13,985 5,370 8,615 7,260 1,375 5,880 325 80 240 254,045
$20,000 to $29,999 242,380 16,590 5,240 11,350 11,285 4,070 7,215 5,875 1,085 4,795 205 85 115 225,785
$30,000 to $39,999 233,415 14,030 4,195 9,830 9,175 3,150 6,020 5,240 1,000 4,240 180 40 135 219,390
$40,000 to $49,999 186,390 10,020 2,485 7,540 6,710 1,880 4,835 3,700 580 3,120 105 30 75 176,370
$50,000 to $59,999 141,820 7,275 1,620 5,655 4,425 1,150 3,280 3,045 445 2,595 125 20 105 134,545
$60,000 and over 415,465 17,260 3,160 14,105 10,060 1,930 8,130 7,805 1,170 6,630 345 55 295 398,205
Average wages and salaries $Footnote 51 43,569 31,648 25,375 34,278 30,092 23,637 33,451 34,321 31,110 35,011 35,492 30,460 36,989 44,373
Median wages and salaries $Footnote 52 30,774 22,885 18,206 25,126 21,457 17,006 24,518 25,387 22,223 26,024 24,909 26,643 24,797 31,369
Standard error of average wages and salaries $Footnote 53 150 179 146 295 207 130 395 324 644 371 1,653 2,636 1,992 163
Total population 15 years and over by total income in 2005Footnote 54 2,625,140 167,070 59,140 107,930 114,955 47,225 67,730 57,500 11,330 46,170 2,215 585 1,625 2,458,070
Without income 110,485 10,165 4,895 5,270 7,535 4,060 3,475 2,890 800 2,090 100 30 70 100,330
With income 2,514,650 156,910 54,245 102,660 107,420 43,165 64,260 54,605 10,530 44,080 2,115 555 1,560 2,357,750
Under $5,000Footnote 55 256,855 26,155 12,390 13,765 19,645 10,655 8,990 7,370 1,630 5,745 305 105 200 230,700
$5,000 to $9,999 206,405 18,060 6,970 11,090 12,715 5,705 7,005 5,885 1,195 4,685 260 70 190 188,345
$10,000 to $19,999 471,470 34,010 13,900 20,115 24,355 11,315 13,040 10,710 2,465 8,250 430 120 310 437,455
$20,000 to $29,999 357,570 21,385 7,185 14,200 14,740 5,725 9,015 7,455 1,395 6,055 245 60 185 336,185
$30,000 to $39,999 317,810 17,895 5,385 12,510 11,755 3,985 7,770 6,710 1,330 5,380 225 70 155 299,915
$40,000 to $49,999 235,685 11,980 3,065 8,915 7,910 2,355 5,555 4,470 675 3,795 125 35 90 223,700
$50,000 to $79,999 404,010 18,205 3,795 14,405 10,920 2,460 8,460 7,935 1,265 6,660 295 70 225 385,810
$80,000 and over 264,850 9,210 1,555 7,660 5,385 960 4,425 4,070 570 3,500 230 25 210 255,635
Average income $Footnote 56 42,233 29,474 21,979 33,435 27,539 20,191 32,475 33,185 29,042 34,174 34,280 27,051 36,856 43,082
Median income $Footnote 57 28,896 20,059 15,137 24,136 18,419 13,897 23,011 24,048 19,787 25,168 23,187 17,648 24,043 29,521
Standard error of average income $Footnote 58 136 141 101 263 156 89 348 280 527 326 1,445 2,066 1,808 149
Total - Persons in private households by income status in 2005Footnote 59 3,185,130 201,945 50,565 151,380 127,390 33,715 93,675 81,705 16,135 65,570 3,225 715 2,510 2,983,180
Total - Persons in economic familiesFootnote 60 2,730,590 177,625 43,815 133,810 111,750 29,375 82,370 72,405 13,920 58,485 2,800 520 2,275 2,552,965
Persons in economic families below low income cut-off before tax 247,845 31,385 13,125 18,260 22,410 9,880 12,525 10,175 3,135 7,040 485 105 385 216,465
Prevalence of low income before tax in 2005 for economic family members % 9.1 17.7 29.9 13.6 20.1 33.6 15.2 14.1 22.5 12.0 17.3 20.0 16.7 8.5
Persons in economic families below low income cut-off after tax 180,635 23,445 10,465 12,975 16,715 7,830 8,885 7,370 2,545 4,830 405 90 310 157,195
Prevalence of low income after tax in 2005 for economic family members % 6.6 13.2 23.9 9.7 15.0 26.7 10.8 10.2 18.3 8.3 14.3 17.3 13.6 6.2
Total - Persons 15 years and over not in economic families 454,540 24,320 6,750 17,570 15,645 4,345 11,300 9,305 2,210 7,090 425 0 0 430,220
Persons not in economic families below before-tax low income cut-off 140,345 9,915 3,460 6,455 6,660 2,325 4,335 3,455 1,030 2,425 225 0 0 130,430
Prevalence of low income before tax in 2005 for persons not in economic families % 30.9 40.8 51.3 36.7 42.6 53.6 38.4 37.1 46.3 34.2 53.6 0.0 0.0 30.3
Persons not in economic families below after-tax low income cut-off 107,905 8,570 3,055 5,515 5,820 2,090 3,735 2,920 875 2,050 200 0 0 99,335
Prevalence of low income after tax in 2005 for persons not in economic families % 23.7 35.2 45.3 31.4 37.2 48.1 33.1 31.4 39.3 28.9 47.1 0.0 0.0 23.1

Footnotes

Footnote 1

'Area of residence' refers to the following geographic areas: on reserve, urban census metropolitan area, urban non-census metropolitan area and rural area. These geographic areas can be used to show where the Aboriginal population is residing.

'On reserve' includes eight census subdivision (CSD) types legally affiliated with First Nations or Indian bands, i.e., Indian reserve (IRI), Indian settlement (S-E), Indian government district (IGD), terres réservées aux Cris (TC), terres réservées aux Naskapis (TK), Nisga'a village (NVL), Nisga'a land (NL) and Teslin land (TL), as well as 35 additional CSDs of various other types that are generally northern communities in Saskatchewan, the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Territory, which have large concentrations of Registered Indians.

An urban area has a minimum population concentration of 1,000 persons and a population density of at least 400 persons per square kilometre, based on the current census population count. All territory outside urban areas is classified as rural. On-reserve CSDs are excluded from this category.

A census metropolitan area (CMA) is a large urban area and has a population of at least 100,000.

Urban non-census metropolitan areas are smaller urban areas with a population of less than 100,000.

Rural areas include remote and wilderness areas and agricultural lands, as well as small towns, villages and other populated places with a population of less than 1,000. On-reserve CSDs are excluded from this category.

Additional information on the geographic units can be obtained from the 2006 Census Dictionary.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements.

Data quality index showing, for the short census questionnaire (100% data), a global non response rate higher than or equal to 5% but lower than 10%.

Data quality index showing, for the long census questionnaire (20% sample data), a global non response rate higher than or equal to 5% but lower than 10%.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Refers to those persons who reported at least one Aboriginal ancestry (North American Indian, Métis or Inuit) to the ethnic origin question. 'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of a person's ancestors. Additional Information on ethnic origin can be obtained from the 2006 Census Dictionary.

'Aboriginal ancestry' was referred to as 'Aboriginal origin' prior the 2006 Census. The content of the variable remains unchanged in 2006 compared with the previous censuses.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

This category indicates the number of respondents who reported the North American Indian ethnic origin, either as their only response or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The total represents the sum of single responses and multiple responses received in the census. Respondents who reported multiple ethnic origins are counted more than once, as they are included in the multiple responses for each origin they reported. For example, a respondent who reported 'North American Indian and Métis' is included in the multiple responses for North American Indian and for Métis.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

This category indicates the number of respondents who reported the Métis ethnic origin, either as their only response or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The total represents the sum of single responses and multiple responses received in the census. Respondents who reported multiple ethnic origins are counted more than once, as they are included in the multiple responses for each origin they reported. For example, a respondent who reported 'North American Indian and Métis' is included in the multiple responses for North American Indian and for Métis.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

This category indicates the number of respondents who reported the Inuit ethnic origin, either as their only response or in addition to one or more other ethnic origins. The total represents the sum of single responses and multiple responses received in the census. Respondents who reported multiple ethnic origins are counted more than once, as they are included in the multiple responses for each origin they reported. For example, a respondent who reported 'North American Indian and Inuit' is included in the multiple responses for North American Indian and for Inuit.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Legal marital status
Part A - Plain language definition
A person's conjugal status under the law (e.g., single, married, widowed). Legal marital status data are derived from the responses to Question 4 (Marital status) in the census questionnaires.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the legal conjugal status of a person.
The various responses are defined as follows:
Never legally married (single)
Persons who have never married (including all persons less than 15 years of age) and persons whose marriage has been annulled and who have not remarried.
Legally married (and not separated)
Persons whose spouse is living, unless the couple is separated or a divorce has been obtained.
Separated, but still legally married
Persons currently married, but who are no longer living with their spouse (for any reason other than illness or work) and have not obtained a divorce.
Divorced
Persons who have obtained a legal divorce and who have not remarried.
Widowed
Persons who have lost their spouse through death and who have not remarried.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

In 2006, this category includes spouses in same-sex marriages.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Census family status
Part A - Plain language definition
Classification of persons according to whether or not they are members of a census family and the status they have in the census family (a census family is composed of a married couple or two persons living common-law, with or without children, or of a lone parent living with at least one child in the same dwelling). A person can be a spouse, a common-law partner, a lone parent, a child or a person not in a census family.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the classification of the population according to whether or not the persons are members of a census family.
Family persons refer to household members who belong to a census family. They, in turn, are further classified as follows:

Spouses refer to two persons of opposite sex or of the same sex who are legally married to each other and living in the same dwelling.

Common-law partners are two persons of opposite sex or of the same sex who are not legally married to each other, but live together as a couple in the same dwelling.

Lone parent refers to a mother or a father, with no spouse or common-law partner present, living in a dwelling with one or more children.

Children refer to blood, step- or adopted sons and daughters (regardless of age or marital status) who are living in the same dwelling as their parent(s), as well as grandchildren in households where there are no parents present. Sons and daughters who are living with their spouse or common-law partner, or with one or more of their own children, are not considered to be members of the census family of their parent(s), even if they are living in the same dwelling. In addition, those sons and daughters who do not live in the same dwelling as their parent(s) are not considered members of the census family of their parent(s). The category of 'children' can be further distinguished as follows:

Never-married sons and/or daughters in a census family, as used in censuses prior to 2001.

Other sons and/or daughters in a census family who would not have been included in the census family of their parents according to the previous concept.

Grandchildren living in the same household as their grandparent(s), with no parents present.

Persons not in census families refer to household members who do not belong to a census family.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Mobility 1: Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Part A - Plain language definition
Information indicating whether the person lived in the same residence on Census Day (May 16, 2006), as he or she did one year before (May 16, 2005). This means that we have 'movers' and 'non-movers'. There are different types of 'movers': people who moved within the same city or town (non-migrants), people who moved to a different city or town (internal migrants), and people who came from another country to live in Canada (external migrants).
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence one year earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classified as a mover and this categorization is called Mobility status (1 year ago). Within the category of movers, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status.

Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address as the one at which they resided one year earlier.

Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address than the one at which they resided one year earlier.

Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address, but in the same census subdivision (CSD) as the one they lived in one year earlier.

Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD one year earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada one year earlier (external migrants).

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Mobility 5: Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Part A - Plain language definition
Information indicating whether the person lived in the same residence on Census Day (May 16, 2006), as he or she did five years before (May 16, 2001). This means that we have 'movers' and 'non-movers'. There are different types of 'movers': people who moved within the same city or town (non-migrants), people who moved to a different city or town (internal migrants), and people who came from another country to live in Canada (external migrants).
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the relationship between a person's usual place of residence on Census Day and his or her usual place of residence five years earlier. A person is classified as a non-mover if no difference exists. Otherwise, a person is classified as a mover and this categorization is called mobility status (5 years ago). Within the movers category, a further distinction is made between non-migrants and migrants; this difference is called migration status.

Non-movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at the same address as the one at which they resided five years earlier.

Movers are persons who, on Census Day, were living at a different address than the one at which they resided five years earlier.

Non-migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were living at a different address, but in the same census subdivision (CSD) as the one they lived in five years earlier.

Migrants are movers who, on Census Day, were residing in a different CSD five years earlier (internal migrants) or who were living outside Canada five years earlier (external migrants).

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Registered or Treaty Indian
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported they were registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act and can prove descent from a band that signed a treaty. Although there was a question in the 1991 Census on registration status, the layout of the 1996 question was somewhat different. In 1991, Question 16 on Registered Indians had two components. In the first part of the question, respondents were asked about their registration status, while the second part of the question dealt with band membership. The question used in 1996 asked only for registration or treaty status, while band membership was dealt with in a separate question.
The wording of the question, starting in 1996, differs slightly from the one in previous censuses. Prior to 1996, the term 'treaty' was not included in the question. It was added in 1996 at the request of individuals from the Western provinces, where the term is more widely used.
The 2006 Census question is the same as the one used in 1996 and 2001.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Registered or Treaty Indian: The expression 'Registered Indian' refers to those persons who reported they were registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act and can prove descent from a band that signed a treaty.

The Registered Indian counts in this table may differ from the administrative counts maintained by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development, with the most important causes of these differences being the incompletely enumerated Indian reserves and Indian settlements as well as methodological and conceptual differences between the two sources.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

This is a grouping of the total population into non-Aboriginal or Aboriginal population, with Aboriginal persons further divided into Aboriginal groups, based on their responses to three questions on the 2006 Census form.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Aboriginal identity
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, that is, North American Indian, Métis or Inuit, and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian, as defined by the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported they were members of an Indian band or First Nation.
In 1991 and previous censuses, the Aboriginal population was defined using the ethnic origin question (ancestry). The 1996 Census included a question on the individual's perception of his/her Aboriginal identity.
The question used in the 2006 and 2001 censuses is the same as the one used in 1996.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Included in the Aboriginal identity population are those persons who reported identifying with at least one Aboriginal group, that is, North American Indian, Métis or Inuit, and/or those who reported being a Treaty Indian or a Registered Indian, as defined by the Indian Act of Canada, and/or those who reported they were members of an Indian band or First Nation.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Users should be aware that the counts for this item are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements. The extent of the impact will depend on the geographic area under study. In 2006, a total of 22 Indian reserves and Indian settlements were incompletely enumerated by the census. The populations of these 22 communities are not included in the census counts.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Includes those who identified themselves as Registered Indians and/or band members without identifying themselves as North American Indian, Métis or Inuit in the Aboriginal identity question.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Mother tongue
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the individual at the time of the census.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Refers to the language spoken most often at home by the individual at the time of the census. Data on other languages spoken on a regular basis at home are also collected.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Refers to the ability to conduct a conversation in an Aboriginal language.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Labour force activity
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the labour market activity of the population 15 years of age and over in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006). Respondents were classified as Employed, Unemployed, or Not in the labour force. The labour force includes the employed and the unemployed.

Employed
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Persons who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006):
(a) did any work at all for pay or in self-employment or without pay in a family farm, business or professional practice
(b) were absent from their job or business, with or without pay, for the entire week because of a vacation, an illness, a labour dispute at their place of work, or any other reasons.

Unemployed
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Persons who, during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), were without paid work or without self-employment work and were available for work and either:
(a) had actively looked for paid work in the past four weeks; or
(b) were on temporary lay-off and expected to return to their job; or
(c) had definite arrangements to start a new job in four weeks or less.

Not in the labour force
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to persons who, in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), were neither employed nor unemployed. It includes students, homemakers, retired workers, seasonal workers in an 'off' season who were not looking for work, and persons who could not work because of a long term illness or disability.

Participation rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over.

The participation rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the total labour force in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, in that group.

Employment rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the number of persons employed in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006), expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over.

The employment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the number employed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the population 15 years of age and over, in that group.

Unemployment rate
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the unemployed expressed as a percentage of the labour force in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to Census Day (May 16, 2006).

The unemployment rate for a particular group (age, sex, marital status, geographic area, etc.) is the unemployed in that group, expressed as a percentage of the labour force in that group, in the week prior to enumeration.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Class of worker
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
This variable classifies persons who reported a job into the following categories:
(a) persons who worked mainly for wages, salaries, commissions, tips, piece-rates, or payments 'in kind' (payments in goods or services rather than money);
(b) persons who worked mainly for themselves, with or without paid help, operating a business, farm or professional practice, alone or in partnership;
(c) persons who worked without pay in a family business, farm or professional practice owned or operated by a related household member; unpaid family work does not include unpaid housework, unpaid childcare, unpaid care to seniors and volunteer work.
The job reported was the one held in the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006) if the person was employed, or the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005, if the person was not employed during the reference week. Persons with two or more jobs in the reference week were asked to provide information for the job at which they worked the most hours.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005 only.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Includes self-employed unincorporated and incorporated.

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Industry (based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System [NAICS])
Part A - Plain language definition
General nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The 2006 Census data on industry (based on the 2002 NAICS) can be compared with data from Canada's NAFTA partners (United States and Mexico).
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005. Persons with two or more jobs were required to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.
The 2006 Census industry data are produced according to the 2002 NAICS. The NAICS provides enhanced industry comparability among the three North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) trading partners (Canada, United States and Mexico). This classification consists of a systematic and comprehensive arrangement of industries structured into 20 sectors, 103 subsectors and 328 industry groups. The criteria used to create these categories are similarity of input structures, labour skills or production processes used by the establishment. For further information on the classification, see North American Industry Classification System, Canada, 2002, Catalogue no. 12-501-XPE.

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005 only.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

Occupation (based on the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 [NOC-S 2006])
Part A - Plain language definition
Kind of work done by persons aged 15 and over. Occupation is based on the type of job the person holds and the description of his or her duties. The 2006 Census data on occupation are classified according to the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 (NOC-S 2006). For comparisons with data from the 1991 and 1996 censuses, the variable Occupation (historical) should be used.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the kind of work persons were doing during the reference week, as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. If the person did not have a job during the week (Sunday to Saturday) prior to enumeration (May 16, 2006), the data relate to the job of longest duration since January 1, 2005. Persons with two or more jobs were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most hours.
The 2006 Census occupation data are classified according to the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006 (NOC-S 2006). This classification is composed of four levels of aggregation. There are 10 broad occupational categories containing 47 major groups that are further subdivided into 140 minor groups. At the most detailed level, there are 520 occupation unit groups. Occupation unit groups are formed on the basis of the education, training, or skill level required to enter the job, as well as the kind of work performed, as determined by the tasks, duties and responsibilities of the occupation.
For information on the NOC-S 2006, see the National Occupational Classification for Statistics 2006, Catalogue No. 12-583-XIE.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Unemployed persons 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2005 only.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

Refers to the experienced labour force population: includes persons who were employed and persons who were unemployed who worked for pay or in self-employment since January 1, 2005.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' refers to the highest certificate, diploma or degree completed based on a hierarchy which is generally related to the amount of time spent 'in-class'. For postsecondary completers, a university education is considered to be a higher level of schooling than a college education, while a college education is considered to be a higher level of education than in the trades. Although some trades requirements may take as long or longer to complete than a given college or university program, the majority of time is spent in on-the-job paid training and less time is spent in the classroom.

Census questions relating to education changed substantially between 2001 and 2006, principally to reflect developments in Canada's education system. These changes improved the quality of data and provided more precise information on the level of educational attainment as well as fields of study.

However, users should be aware that changes to the education portion of the 2006 Census questionnaire have affected the comparability of some 2006 Census data with data from previous censuses. More information on the historical comparability of specific categories of 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' is available in the Education Reference Guide, 2006 Census, catalogue number 97-560-GWE2006003.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Part A - Plain language definition
Information indicating the person's most advanced certificate, diploma or degree.
Part B - Detailed definition
This is a derived variable obtained from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported. There is an implied hierarchy in this variable (secondary school graduation, registered apprenticeship and trades, college, university) which is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. However, at the detailed level a registered apprenticeship graduate may not have completed a secondary school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a master's degree necessarily have a certificate or diploma above the bachelor's degree level. Therefore, although the sequence is more or less hierarchical, it is a general rather than an absolute gradient measure of academic achievement.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

'High school certificate or equivalent' includes persons who have graduated from a secondary school or equivalent. Excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. Examples of postsecondary institutions include community colleges, institutes of technology, CEGEPs, private trade schools, private business colleges, schools of nursing and universities.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

'College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' replaces the category 'Other non university certificate or diploma' in previous censuses. This category includes accreditation by non degree-granting institutions such as community colleges, CEGEPs, private business colleges and technical institutes.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

The overall quality of the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable from the 2006 Census is acceptable. However, users of the 'University certificate or diploma below the bachelor level' category should know that an unexpected growth in this category was noted compared to the 2001 Census.

In fact, in the 2001 Census, 2.5% of respondents aged 15 years or over declared such a diploma, compared to 4.4% in 2006, representing 89% growth. This phenomenon was not found in other sources like the Labour Force Survey.

We recommend users interpret the 2006 Census results for this category with caution.

For more information on factors that may explain such variances in census data, such as response errors and processing errors, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Appendix B: Data quality, sampling and weighting, confidentiality and random rounding.

More information is available in the Education Reference Guide, 2006 Census, catalogue number 97-560-GWE2006003.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

Questions pertaining to university degrees attained in 2006 (for example bachelor's degrees or master's degrees) were similar to those asked in 2001. Data for the university categories (bachelor's degree through to earned doctorate) are comparable over time.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

'Field of study' is defined as the main discipline or subject of learning. It is collected for the highest certificate, diploma or degree above the high school or secondary school level.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP)
Part A - Plain language definition
Main subject area of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree after high school.
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree. The Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP [Canada 2000]) major field of study classification structure consists of 13 major categories or primary groupings, 12 of which are used for the census (the category which includes courses in personal development is not used). The 12 primary groupings are: education; visual and performing arts, and communications technologies; humanities; social and behavioural sciences and law; business, management and public administration; physical and life sciences and technologies; mathematics, computer and information sciences; architecture, engineering and related technologies; agriculture, natural resources and conservation; health, parks, recreation and fitness; personal, protective and transportation services; other.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

Includes Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, Other.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2005 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2005. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2005 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2005, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the Net Income Stabilization Account (NISA). The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2005 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excludes gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

Average and median incomes and standard errors of average income of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative). For all other universes (families [census/economic], persons 15 years of age and over not in families or private households), these statistics will be calculated over all units, whether or not they reported any income.

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

Work activity - Refers to the number of weeks in which a person worked for pay or in self-employment in the reference year at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (1 to 29 hours per week). Persons with a part-time job for part of the year and a full-time job for another part of the year were to report the information for the job at which they worked the most weeks. The term 'Full-year full-time workers' refers to persons 15 years of age and over who worked 49 to 52 weeks (mostly full time) in the reference year for pay or in self-employment.

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

Includes persons who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2005 only, persons who worked in 2006 only, as well as persons who worked in 2005 but had no employment income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Was an earner or employment income recipient and worked 49 to 52 weeks in 2005, mostly full time.

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Was an earner or employment income recipient and worked less than 49 weeks or worked mostly part time in 2005.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Earnings or employment income - Refers to total income received by persons 15 years of age and over during calendar year 2005 as wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income.

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2005. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Net farm income - Refers to net income (gross receipts from farm sales minus depreciation and cost of operation) received during calendar year 2005 from the operation of a farm, either on the respondent's own account or in partnership. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share of income was reported. Included with gross receipts are cash advances received in 2005, dividends from cooperatives, rebates and farm support payments to farmers from federal, provincial and regional agricultural programs (for example, milk subsidies and marketing board payments) and gross insurance proceeds such as payments from the Net Income Stabilization Account (NISA). The value of income 'in kind,' such as agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm, is excluded.

Net non-farm income for unincorporated business and/or professional practice - Refers to net income (gross receipts minus expenses of operation such as wages, rents and depreciation) received during calendar year 2005 from the respondent's non-farm unincorporated business or professional practice. In the case of partnerships, only the respondent's share was reported. Also included is net income from persons babysitting in their own homes, persons providing room and board to non relatives, self-employed fishers, hunters and trappers, operators of direct distributorships such as those selling and delivering cosmetics, as well as freelance activities of artists, writers, music teachers, hairdressers, dressmakers, etc.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excludes gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

Average and median incomes and standard errors of average income of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative). For all other universes (families [census/economic], persons 15 years of age and over not in families or private households), these statistics will be calculated over all units, whether or not they reported any income.

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

Earner or employment income recipient - Refers to a person 15 years of age and over who received wages and salaries, net income from a non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice, and/or net farm self-employment income during calendar year 2005.

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

Including loss.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

For persons with employment income.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

For persons with employment income.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

For persons with employment income.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

Composition of income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

Wages and salaries - Refers to gross wages and salaries before deductions for such items as income tax, pensions and Employment Insurance. Included in this source are military pay and allowances, tips, commissions and cash bonuses, benefits from wage-loss replacement plans or income-maintenance insurance plans, supplementary unemployment benefits from an employer or union as well as all types of casual earnings during calendar year 2005. Other employment income such as taxable benefits, research grants and royalties are included.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excludes gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump-sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be approximately two and one half standard errors.

Average and median incomes and standard errors for average income of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative). For all other universes (families [census/economic], persons not in families or private households), these statistics will be calculated over all units, whether or not they reported any income.

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

For persons with wages and salaries.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

For persons with wages and salaries.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

For persons with wages and salaries.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Total income' refers to the total money income received from the following sources during calendar year 2005 by persons 15 years of age and over:

- wages and salaries (total)
- net farm income
- net non-farm income from unincorporated business and/or professional practice
- child benefits
- Old Age Security pension and Guaranteed Income Supplement
- benefits from Canada or Quebec Pension Plan
- benefits from Employment Insurance
- other income from government sources
- dividends, interest on bonds, deposits and savings certificates, and other investment income
- retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from RRSPs and RRIFs
- other money income.

'After-tax income' refers to total income from all sources minus federal, provincial and territorial income taxes paid for 2005.

Receipts not counted as income - The income concept excluded gambling gains and losses, lottery prizes, money inherited during the year in a lump sum, capital gains or losses, receipts from the sale of property, income tax refunds, loan payments received, lump sum settlements of insurance policies, rebates received on property taxes, refunds of pension contributions, as well as all income 'in kind,' such as free meals and living accommodations, or agricultural products produced and consumed on the farm.

Average income of individuals - Average income of individuals refers to the weighted mean total income of individuals 15 years of age and over who reported income for 2005. Average income is calculated from unrounded data by dividing the aggregate income of a specified group of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) by the number of individuals with income in that group.

Median income of individuals - The median income of a specified group of income recipients is that amount which divides their income size distribution into two halves, i.e., the incomes of the first half of individuals are below the median, while those of the second half are above the median. Median income is calculated from the unrounded number of individuals (e.g., males 45 to 54 years of age) with income in that group.

Standard error of average income - Refers to the estimated standard error of average income for an income size distribution. If interpreted as shown below, it serves as a rough indicator of the precision of the corresponding estimate of average income. For about 68% of the samples which could be selected from the sample frame, the difference between the sample estimate of average income and the corresponding figure based on complete enumeration would be less than one standard error. For about 95% of the possible samples, the difference would be less than two standard errors and, in about 99% of the samples, the difference would be less than approximately two and one half standard errors.

Average and median incomes and standard errors of average income of individuals will be calculated for those individuals who are at least 15 years of age and who have an income (positive or negative). For all other universes (families [census/economic]), persons 15 years of age and over not in families or private households), these statistics will be calculated over all units, whether or not they reported any income.

These statistics can be derived for after-tax income, earnings, wages and salaries, or any other particular source of income in the same manner.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

Including loss.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

For persons with income.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

For persons with income.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

For persons with income.

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

Income status before tax - Refers to the position of an economic family or a person 15 years of age and over not in an economic family in relation to Statistics Canada's low income before tax cut-offs (LICOs).

Income status after tax - Refers to the position of an economic family or a person 15 years of age and over in relation to Statistics Canada's low income after-tax cut-offs (LICO-AT).

Measures of low income known as 'low income (before tax) cut-offs (LICOs)' were first introduced in Canada in 1968 based on 1961 Census income data and 1959 family expenditure patterns. At that time, expenditure patterns indicated that Canadian families spent about 50% of their total income on food, shelter and clothing. It was arbitrarily estimated that families spending 70% or more of their income (20 percentage points more than the average) on these basic necessities would be in 'straitened' circumstances. With this assumption, low income cut-off points were set for five different sizes of families.

Subsequent to these initial cut-offs, revised low income before tax cut-offs were established based on national family expenditure data from 1969, 1978, 1986 and 1992. The initial LICOs were based upon the total income, before tax, of families and persons 15 years and over not in economic families.

After a comprehensive review of low income cut-offs completed in 1991, low income cut-offs based upon after-tax income were published for the first time in Income After Tax, Distributions by Size in Canada, 1990 (Catalogue no. 13-210). Income after tax cut-offs are estimated independently for economic families and persons 15 years of age and over not in economic families based upon family expenditure and income after tax. Consequently, the low income after-tax cut-offs are set at after-tax income levels, differentiated by size of family and area of residence, where families spend 20 percentage points more of their after-tax income than the average family on food, shelter and clothing.

For the purposes of low income statistics (before or after tax), economic families and persons 15 years of age and over not in economic families in the Yukon Territory, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut and on Indian reserves were excluded. The low income cut-offs are based on certain expenditure-income patterns which are not available from survey data for the entire population.

The incidence of low income is not calculated for economic families and persons not in economic families living in the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and on Indian reserves. In addition, low income data are available for two census subdivisions (CSDs) in Saskatchewan (Denare Beach, Sandy Bay) which Indian and Northern Affairs Canada considers as First Nation communities but which are not Indian reserves. The data for these communities have been included in the incidence of low income calculations for the Saskatchewan and Canada level data. However, they are not shown as part of the 'On reserve' column in the tables for Saskatchewan and Canada.

Prevalence of low income (before or after tax) can also be derived for census families, persons not in census families and the population in private households. See Low Income Statistics for Census Families and Households, Staff Report no. 1991-1, Labour and Household Surveys Analysis Division, Statistics Canada.

Prevalence of low income rates are calculated from rounded counts of low income persons or families and the total number of persons or families. These counts have been rounded independently of the rounded counts shown in the table; thus, there may be a small difference between the rate shown and the one derived from the counts shown. Users are advised to interpret prevalence of low income rates based upon small counts with caution.

Since its initial publication, Statistics Canada has clearly and consistently emphasized that the LICOs are not measures of poverty. Rather, LICOs reflect a consistent and well-defined methodology that identifies those who are substantially worse-off than average. These measures have enabled Statistics Canada to report important trends, such as the changing composition of those below the LICOs over time.

Low income before tax cut-offs (LICOs) - Income levels at which families or persons not in economic families spend 20% more than average of their before tax income on food, shelter and clothing. For additional information and a table of low income cut-offs, please refer to the 2006 Census Dictionary, Catalogue no. 92-566-XWE.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

Economic family
Part A - Plain language definition
Not applicable
Part B - Detailed definition
Refers to a group of two or more persons who live in the same dwelling and are related to each other by blood, marriage, common-law or adoption. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. For 2006, foster children are included.

Persons not in economic families - Household members who do not belong to an economic family. Persons living alone are included in this category.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2006 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 97-564-XCB2006001.

Download

Download data as displayed in the Data table tab

Download entire table

Footnotes

Footnote a

To access the comma separated values (CSV) file, use the conversion features available in most spreadsheet software, or use a free viewer, for example csview.

Return to footnote a referrer

Footnote b

To access the tab separated values (TAB) file, use the conversion features available in most spreadsheet software, or use a free viewer, for example AscToTab.

Return to footnote b referrer

Footnote c

To access the Beyond 20/20 (IVT) version, you need the Beyond 20/20 Table Browser, which may be downloaded below. These links download files directly from an external site and are not the responsibility of Statistics Canada.

Beyond 20/20 Browser for Windows operating systems (18.9 MB)
To install this product, run 'ProBrowser.exe'.

Return to footnote c referrer

Footnote d

XML (SDMX - ML) - Is a statistical data and metadata exchange standard for the electronic exchange of statistical information. Two extensible mark-up language (XML) files are provided in a compressed bundle.

Return to footnote d referrer