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Census Profile

Data table

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Markham, T Ontario (Census subdivision)			Ontario (Province)
	Change geography 1			Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Population and dwelling counts
Population in 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	301,709	...Data not available	...Data not available	12,851,821^†	...Data not available	...Data not available
Population in 2006^{Census data footnote 1}	261,573	...Data not available	...Data not available	12,160,282^†	...Data not available	...Data not available
2006 to 2011 population change (%)	15.3	...Data not available	...Data not available	5.7	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	93,202	...Data not available	...Data not available	5,308,785	...Data not available	...Data not available
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	90,534	...Data not available	...Data not available	4,887,508	...Data not available	...Data not available
Population density per square kilometre	1,419.3	...Data not available	...Data not available	14.1	...Data not available	...Data not available
Land area (square km)	212.58	...Data not available	...Data not available	908,607.67	...Data not available	...Data not available
Age characteristics
Total population by age groups^{Census data footnote 4}	301,710	147,285	154,425	12,851,820	6,263,140	6,588,685
0 to 4 years	16,430	8,455	7,980	704,260	360,590	343,670
5 to 9 years	17,315	8,950	8,365	712,755	365,290	347,465
10 to 14 years	18,775	9,685	9,090	763,755	391,630	372,125
15 to 19 years	21,280	11,095	10,185	863,635	443,680	419,950
15 years	4,330	2,255	2,075	168,840	86,700	82,140
16 years	4,425	2,310	2,115	172,840	89,195	83,645
17 years	4,135	2,115	2,020	171,405	88,230	83,170
18 years	4,235	2,235	1,995	173,930	89,225	84,705
19 years	4,150	2,175	1,980	176,620	90,330	86,290
20 to 24 years	20,590	10,730	9,865	852,910	432,490	420,415
25 to 29 years	19,235	9,665	9,570	815,120	400,045	415,075
30 to 34 years	17,890	8,330	9,560	800,365	383,340	417,030
35 to 39 years	21,030	9,710	11,320	844,335	405,845	438,485
40 to 44 years	23,105	10,675	12,435	924,075	447,920	476,155
45 to 49 years	25,180	11,970	13,210	1,055,880	517,510	538,370
50 to 54 years	23,645	11,365	12,285	1,006,140	492,560	513,580
55 to 59 years	21,610	10,425	11,185	864,620	418,755	445,865
60 to 64 years	18,600	9,120	9,480	765,655	370,370	395,275
65 to 69 years	12,395	6,030	6,365	563,485	270,875	292,610
70 to 74 years	9,225	4,500	4,730	440,780	206,350	234,435
75 to 79 years	6,820	3,215	3,600	356,150	161,345	194,805
80 to 84 years	4,740	2,000	2,745	271,510	113,620	157,890
85 years and over	3,835	1,370	2,465	246,400	80,925	165,475
Median age of the population^{Census data footnote 5}	39.6	38.6	40.5	40.4	39.4	41.3
% of the population aged 15 and over	82.6	81.6	83.5	83.0	82.2	83.9
Marital status
Total population 15 years and over by marital status^{Census data footnote 6}	249,190	120,200	128,990	10,671,050	5,145,630	5,525,420
Married or living with a common-law partner	155,455	77,390	78,065	6,158,605	3,078,940	3,079,665
Married (and not separated)	148,920	74,120	74,800	5,367,400	2,681,320	2,686,075
Living common law	6,535	3,270	3,265	791,210	397,620	393,590
Not married and not living with a common-law partner	93,740	42,810	50,925	4,512,440	2,066,690	2,445,750
Single (never legally married)	68,560	36,070	32,490	2,985,020	1,583,760	1,401,260
Separated	4,475	1,665	2,815	319,805	133,790	186,015
Divorced	9,535	3,170	6,360	593,730	231,160	362,570
Widowed	11,170	1,910	9,255	613,880	117,980	495,905
Family characteristics
Total number of census families in private households^{Census data footnote 7}	86,605	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,612,200	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 2 persons	29,845	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,686,655	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 3 persons	23,155	...Data not available	...Data not available	812,960	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 4 persons	25,070	...Data not available	...Data not available	783,500	...Data not available	...Data not available
Size of census family: 5 or more persons	8,535	...Data not available	...Data not available	329,085	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of census families in private households^{Census data footnote 8}	86,605	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,612,205	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total couple families by family structure and number of children	75,270	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,007,560	...Data not available	...Data not available
Married couples	72,005	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,612,895	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children at home	21,620	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,090,740	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children at home	50,390	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,522,150	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	18,730	...Data not available	...Data not available	559,155	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	23,595	...Data not available	...Data not available	676,880	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	8,060	...Data not available	...Data not available	286,110	...Data not available	...Data not available
Common-law couples	3,265	...Data not available	...Data not available	394,670	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children at home	1,815	...Data not available	...Data not available	236,010	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children at home	1,455	...Data not available	...Data not available	158,660	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	670	...Data not available	...Data not available	77,160	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	555	...Data not available	...Data not available	55,605	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	220	...Data not available	...Data not available	25,890	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent and number of children	11,335	...Data not available	...Data not available	604,645	...Data not available	...Data not available
Female parent	9,135	...Data not available	...Data not available	486,470	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	5,035	...Data not available	...Data not available	282,085	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	3,125	...Data not available	...Data not available	145,375	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	970	...Data not available	...Data not available	59,015	...Data not available	...Data not available
Male parent	2,205	...Data not available	...Data not available	118,175	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 child	1,380	...Data not available	...Data not available	77,820	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 children	625	...Data not available	...Data not available	31,265	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 or more children	205	...Data not available	...Data not available	9,085	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total children in census families in private households	112,200	...Data not available	...Data not available	4,083,925	...Data not available	...Data not available
Under six years of age	19,755	...Data not available	...Data not available	839,960	...Data not available	...Data not available
6 to 14 years	32,505	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,323,750	...Data not available	...Data not available
15 to 17 years	12,520	...Data not available	...Data not available	496,005	...Data not available	...Data not available
18 to 24 years	26,170	...Data not available	...Data not available	888,985	...Data not available	...Data not available
25 years and over	21,260	...Data not available	...Data not available	535,230	...Data not available	...Data not available
Average number of children at home per census family	1.3	...Data not available	...Data not available	1.1	...Data not available	...Data not available
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total number of persons in private households	300,135	146,825	153,310	12,655,130	6,179,005	6,476,125
Number of persons not in census families	26,060	10,055	16,000	1,951,440	889,600	1,061,845
Living with relatives^{Census data footnote 9}	10,050	3,085	6,960	295,100	113,180	181,925
Living with non-relatives only	5,780	2,845	2,935	425,360	233,900	191,465
Living alone	10,225	4,120	6,105	1,230,980	542,525	688,455
Number of census family persons	274,080	136,770	137,310	10,703,690	5,289,410	5,414,280
Average number of persons per census family	3.2	...Data not available	...Data not available	3.0	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of persons aged 65 years and over in private households	35,710	16,785	18,925	1,752,725	796,110	956,615
Number of persons not in census families aged 65 years and over	9,145	1,920	7,225	563,605	155,405	408,200
Living with relatives^{Census data footnote 9}	4,940	865	4,075	105,130	22,345	82,785
Living with non-relatives only	395	165	235	30,835	14,715	16,125
Living alone	3,810	890	2,915	427,640	118,350	309,290
Number of census family persons aged 65 years and over	26,565	14,865	11,705	1,189,120	640,705	548,415
Total number of private households by household type^{Census data footnote 10}	90,535	...Data not available	...Data not available	4,887,510	...Data not available	...Data not available
Census-family households	78,615	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,475,030	...Data not available	...Data not available
One-family-only households^{Census data footnote 11}	62,980	...Data not available	...Data not available	3,103,515	...Data not available	...Data not available
Couple-family households^{Census data footnote 12}	55,865	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,642,680	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children	16,170	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,171,505	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children	39,690	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,471,175	...Data not available	...Data not available
Lone-parent-family households	7,115	...Data not available	...Data not available	460,840	...Data not available	...Data not available
Other family households^{Census data footnote 13}	15,635	...Data not available	...Data not available	371,515	...Data not available	...Data not available
One-family households with persons not in a census family	8,325	...Data not available	...Data not available	242,850	...Data not available	...Data not available
Couple-family households^{Census data footnote 14}	6,830	...Data not available	...Data not available	167,865	...Data not available	...Data not available
Without children	1,185	...Data not available	...Data not available	52,945	...Data not available	...Data not available
With children	5,640	...Data not available	...Data not available	114,920	...Data not available	...Data not available
Lone-parent-family households	1,500	...Data not available	...Data not available	74,985	...Data not available	...Data not available
Two-or-more-family households	7,305	...Data not available	...Data not available	128,660	...Data not available	...Data not available
Non-census-family households	11,920	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,412,480	...Data not available	...Data not available
One-person households	10,225	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,230,980	...Data not available	...Data not available
Two-or-more-person households	1,695	...Data not available	...Data not available	181,500	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling^{Census data footnote 15}	90,530	...Data not available	...Data not available	4,887,505	...Data not available	...Data not available
Single-detached house	58,045	...Data not available	...Data not available	2,718,880	...Data not available	...Data not available
Apartment, building that has five or more storeys	9,225	...Data not available	...Data not available	789,970	...Data not available	...Data not available
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 16}	5	...Data not available	...Data not available	15,800	...Data not available	...Data not available
Other dwelling^{Census data footnote 17}	23,260	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,362,860	...Data not available	...Data not available
Semi-detached house	5,090	...Data not available	...Data not available	279,470	...Data not available	...Data not available
Row house	10,935	...Data not available	...Data not available	415,225	...Data not available	...Data not available
Apartment, duplex	5,530	...Data not available	...Data not available	160,460	...Data not available	...Data not available
Apartment, building that has fewer than five storeys	1,695	...Data not available	...Data not available	498,160	...Data not available	...Data not available
Other single-attached house	10	...Data not available	...Data not available	9,540	...Data not available	...Data not available
Total number of private households by household size^{Census data footnote 18}	90,535	...Data not available	...Data not available	4,887,505	...Data not available	...Data not available
1 person	10,225	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,230,975	...Data not available	...Data not available
2 persons	21,285	...Data not available	...Data not available	1,584,415	...Data not available	...Data not available
3 persons	19,340	...Data not available	...Data not available	803,030	...Data not available	...Data not available
4 persons	22,425	...Data not available	...Data not available	783,925	...Data not available	...Data not available
5 persons	9,845	...Data not available	...Data not available	310,860	...Data not available	...Data not available
6 or more persons	7,420	...Data not available	...Data not available	174,305	...Data not available	...Data not available
Number of persons in private households	300,135	...Data not available	...Data not available	12,655,135	...Data not available	...Data not available
Average number of persons in private households	3.3	...Data not available	...Data not available	2.6	...Data not available	...Data not available
Detailed mother tongue
Detailed mother tongue - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	300,680	146,975	153,710	12,722,060	6,210,335	6,511,730
Single responses	289,655	141,640	148,015	12,434,770	6,071,955	6,362,815
English	115,750	58,175	57,570	8,677,040	4,276,970	4,400,065
French	2,035	955	1,075	493,300	232,785	260,510
Non-official languages	171,875	82,505	89,370	3,264,435	1,562,190	1,702,240
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 20}	0	0	0	15,625	7,315	8,305
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	3,930	1,835	2,095
Dene	0	0	0	20	5	10
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	300	85	215
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	70	20	45
Ojibway	5	5	0	8,255	3,925	4,330
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	3,030	1,440	1,590
Stoney	0	0	0	5	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 21}	171,270	82,220	89,050	3,222,400	1,542,155	1,680,245
African languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	3,080	1,585	1,495
Afrikaans	45	20	25	2,060	1,030	1,030
Akan (Twi)	70	30	35	9,680	4,565	5,115
Albanian	125	65	60	17,440	8,870	8,565
Amharic	55	20	30	9,190	4,295	4,895
Arabic	2,760	1,405	1,355	133,390	69,890	63,500
Armenian	1,445	710	735	13,070	6,330	6,740
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	3,040	1,445	1,595
Bengali	535	270	265	38,685	19,745	18,935
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	120	70	60
Bisayan languages	145	60	85	6,380	2,395	3,985
Bosnian	25	10	10	6,140	3,045	3,095
Bulgarian	140	75	70	9,015	4,390	4,625
Burmese	85	40	45	1,400	685	715
Cantonese	47,460	22,635	24,835	186,870	87,020	99,850
Chinese, n.o.s.	31,165	15,025	16,145	195,120	92,170	102,950
Creoles	185	85	100	9,650	4,355	5,295
Croatian	135	60	75	33,830	16,505	17,320
Czech	125	60	60	12,115	5,675	6,440
Danish	65	35	25	4,745	2,230	2,515
Dutch	300	150	155	58,135	28,150	29,985
Estonian	115	50	60	5,025	2,170	2,850
Finnish	140	55	90	11,350	4,905	6,450
Flemish	5	5	5	2,710	1,180	1,530
Fukien	600	290	305	3,410	1,620	1,795
German	1,155	545	610	140,315	65,815	74,500
Greek	2,700	1,355	1,350	56,890	28,455	28,435
Gujarati	4,710	2,285	2,425	68,105	34,110	33,995
Hakka	1,165	570	595	3,535	1,685	1,850
Hebrew	350	185	170	11,415	6,085	5,330
Hindi	2,460	1,205	1,260	47,645	23,880	23,765
Hungarian	655	305	345	41,010	19,455	21,555
Ilocano	180	60	120	8,050	2,990	5,060
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	2,845	1,520	1,330
Italian	4,265	2,130	2,135	251,330	123,830	127,505
Japanese	445	175	265	12,215	4,415	7,800
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	25	7,210	3,345	3,860
Korean	2,885	1,390	1,495	64,080	30,065	34,015
Kurdish	65	35	30	5,760	3,100	2,660
Lao	75	35	40	5,350	2,620	2,730
Latvian	65	35	30	4,640	1,970	2,670
Lingala	5	0	0	755	325	430
Lithuanian	60	25	30	5,600	2,375	3,230
Macedonian	1,375	655	715	16,305	7,930	8,370
Malay	305	140	170	5,305	2,395	2,910
Malayalam	500	240	260	10,745	5,460	5,285
Maltese	50	25	30	5,830	2,930	2,905
Mandarin	14,350	6,840	7,505	118,390	55,825	62,565
Marathi	185	85	95	4,155	2,135	2,025
Nepali	40	20	20	3,640	1,850	1,795
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	5,780	2,925	2,860
Norwegian	20	10	10	1,060	465	595
Oromo	15	15	10	1,770	890	875
Panjabi (Punjabi)	4,375	2,190	2,190	173,975	88,090	85,885
Pashto	255	125	135	8,165	4,200	3,965
Persian (Farsi)	5,725	2,880	2,840	98,905	50,110	48,790
Polish	710	325	385	128,440	58,835	69,600
Portuguese	705	310	395	147,725	71,605	76,125
Romanian	1,015	505	505	41,980	19,835	22,140
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	1,035	455	580
Russian	2,035	950	1,085	93,080	42,590	50,490
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	1,120	450	670
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	40	30	14,930	7,345	7,590
Serbian	350	185	165	41,910	20,750	21,165
Serbo-Croatian	50	25	20	5,250	2,565	2,685
Shanghainese	220	90	130	1,410	585	830
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	1,580	835	745
Sindhi	650	300	350	6,530	3,055	3,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	370	175	190	9,335	4,555	4,780
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	1,780	900	875
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	2,005	1,000	1,005
Slovak	100	50	50	10,250	4,665	5,585
Slovenian	80	40	40	7,505	3,475	4,030
Somali	150	65	85	22,685	9,750	12,930
Spanish	1,925	880	1,045	178,335	85,410	92,915
Swahili	90	50	40	4,745	2,255	2,490
Swedish	30	15	15	2,505	1,060	1,440
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,715	1,845	2,875	140,805	53,595	87,210
Taiwanese	330	160	165	3,020	1,390	1,625
Tamil	14,710	7,190	7,520	111,060	54,760	56,300
Telugu	225	105	115	6,730	3,525	3,205
Thai	80	25	55	2,915	995	1,915
Tibetan languages	5	5	5	3,965	2,005	1,960
Tigrigna	35	15	15	5,560	2,605	2,955
Turkish	315	165	155	16,615	8,755	7,865
Ukrainian	240	110	125	41,455	18,275	23,185
Urdu	6,405	3,150	3,250	128,730	65,470	63,260
Vietnamese	1,070	495	575	65,915	30,920	34,990
Yiddish	160	85	80	5,105	2,350	2,760
Other languages^{Census data footnote 22}	605	280	325	26,410	12,725	13,690
Multiple responses	11,025	5,330	5,690	287,290	138,385	148,910
English and French	525	230	290	46,605	21,805	24,795
English and non-official language	9,980	4,865	5,115	219,425	106,790	112,635
French and non-official language	255	120	140	13,645	6,285	7,365
English, French and non-official language	260	115	140	7,615	3,495	4,115
Knowledge of official languages
Knowledge of official languages - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	300,680	146,970	153,705	12,722,060	6,210,335	6,511,730
English only	257,730	128,700	129,030	10,984,360	5,445,050	5,539,310
French only	175	75	105	42,980	18,805	24,175
English and French	17,760	7,795	9,970	1,395,805	627,725	768,085
Neither English nor French	25,015	10,405	14,610	298,920	118,765	180,155
First official language spoken
First official language spoken - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	300,675	146,970	153,710	12,722,065	6,210,340	6,511,730
English	271,005	134,420	136,585	11,844,580	5,819,520	6,025,055
French	2,280	1,060	1,220	500,270	235,620	264,655
English and French	2,695	1,230	1,470	84,230	39,330	44,895
Neither English nor French	24,705	10,265	14,440	292,980	115,860	177,115
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 23}	3,625	1,670	1,950	542,390	255,285	287,100
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 23}	1.2	1.1	1.3	4.3	4.1	4.4
Detailed language spoken most often at home
Detailed language spoken most often at home - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	300,675	146,970	153,710	12,722,065	6,210,340	6,511,730
Single responses	274,070	133,910	140,160	12,156,790	5,936,965	6,219,825
English	156,850	77,755	79,090	10,044,810	4,930,610	5,114,200
French	920	420	500	284,115	133,495	150,620
Non-official languages	116,295	55,735	60,565	1,827,870	872,860	955,010
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 20}	0	0	0	5,935	3,000	2,930
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,920	950	970
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	80	20	60
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ojibway	0	0	0	2,855	1,510	1,345
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,065	505	555
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 21}	116,085	55,640	60,445	1,811,985	864,990	946,995
African languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,405	675	730
Afrikaans	15	5	5	775	385	390
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	5,305	2,390	2,915
Albanian	55	25	30	10,055	5,075	4,980
Amharic	15	5	10	5,280	2,400	2,880
Arabic	1,250	610	645	76,410	38,095	38,315
Armenian	865	420	445	7,375	3,435	3,940
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	885	420	465
Bengali	320	155	165	26,895	13,495	13,405
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bisayan languages	25	10	15	2,045	895	1,150
Bosnian	10	5	5	3,525	1,765	1,760
Bulgarian	75	35	35	5,165	2,535	2,630
Burmese	40	15	20	885	425	460
Cantonese	40,255	19,045	21,215	147,795	68,295	79,500
Chinese, n.o.s.	21,610	10,490	11,115	135,665	64,765	70,895
Creoles	100	55	50	4,720	2,120	2,600
Croatian	25	10	15	13,185	6,320	6,865
Czech	25	10	10	4,325	2,055	2,265
Danish	10	10	5	335	170	170
Dutch	25	15	15	5,395	2,535	2,855
Estonian	35	15	20	1,260	475	785
Finnish	40	20	20	2,280	1,005	1,270
Flemish	0	0	0	230	105	130
Fukien	145	70	75	1,045	495	550
German	170	80	95	39,180	18,925	20,255
Greek	870	405	460	23,590	11,185	12,405
Gujarati	2,545	1,215	1,320	42,445	20,860	21,585
Hakka	630	295	335	1,595	740	855
Hebrew	135	65	70	5,240	2,630	2,610
Hindi	1,270	615	650	24,650	12,200	12,450
Hungarian	205	90	110	15,440	7,260	8,175
Ilocano	50	20	25	2,920	1,170	1,745
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	1,175	590	590
Italian	1,270	590	675	88,835	39,140	49,695
Japanese	245	105	140	5,765	2,535	3,235
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	10	4,065	1,860	2,205
Korean	2,130	1,030	1,100	47,245	22,575	24,675
Kurdish	30	10	10	3,580	1,835	1,745
Lao	40	15	15	2,855	1,445	1,410
Latvian	20	10	15	1,270	535	730
Lingala	0	0	0	240	95	140
Lithuanian	15	10	10	1,780	765	1,015
Macedonian	570	265	300	7,290	3,495	3,795
Malay	100	40	50	1,925	920	1,005
Malayalam	235	120	115	5,315	2,665	2,645
Maltese	10	5	0	1,295	625	670
Mandarin	11,745	5,730	6,020	96,610	46,980	49,630
Marathi	50	20	25	1,980	1,015	965
Nepali	15	10	5	2,480	1,260	1,220
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	1,830	870	960
Norwegian	0	0	5	120	50	75
Oromo	10	5	5	1,040	490	545
Panjabi (Punjabi)	2,690	1,305	1,390	124,100	62,105	61,995
Pashto	170	80	90	5,765	2,875	2,890
Persian (Farsi)	4,030	1,990	2,040	69,200	33,860	35,335
Polish	235	115	125	60,730	28,490	32,240
Portuguese	195	90	105	70,210	33,690	36,520
Romanian	565	275	295	22,845	10,960	11,880
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	375	180	195
Russian	1,435	690	745	64,425	30,385	34,045
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	395	165	230
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	10,360	4,980	5,375
Serbian	200	100	100	26,000	12,665	13,335
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	2,500	1,220	1,285
Shanghainese	80	35	45	660	300	365
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	2,650	1,535	1,115
Sindhi	225	105	115	2,835	1,265	1,565
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	150	75	75	4,480	2,195	2,280
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	1,410	710	695
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	265	300
Slovak	20	10	10	3,185	1,485	1,700
Slovenian	10	10	5	1,815	830	990
Somali	50	15	30	15,450	6,520	8,935
Spanish	1,020	475	545	106,735	51,645	55,085
Swahili	15	10	5	2,025	940	1,080
Swedish	0	0	0	410	200	210
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,770	770	1,000	65,225	27,135	38,095
Taiwanese	175	90	90	1,495	710	785
Tamil	10,990	5,300	5,690	83,645	40,665	42,980
Telugu	115	50	60	3,820	1,955	1,870
Thai	30	15	15	1,320	650	675
Tibetan languages	0	5	0	3,200	1,615	1,585
Tigrigna	10	5	5	3,075	1,390	1,680
Turkish	140	65	80	10,395	5,265	5,135
Ukrainian	50	20	25	15,240	6,810	8,425
Urdu	3,715	1,830	1,890	83,520	41,750	41,770
Vietnamese	510	235	270	47,355	22,240	25,120
Yiddish	0	0	0	530	260	275
Other languages^{Census data footnote 22}	210	95	115	9,950	4,865	5,085
Multiple responses	26,610	13,065	13,550	565,270	273,370	291,895
English and French	435	220	215	37,955	17,250	20,705
English and non-official language	25,715	12,665	13,055	509,105	248,050	261,055
French and non-official language	75	25	45	6,370	2,855	3,520
English, French and non-official language	385	155	230	11,845	5,225	6,620
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home
Detailed other language spoken regularly at home - Total population excluding institutional residents^{Census data footnote 19}	300,680	146,975	153,705	12,722,060	6,210,335	6,511,725
None	207,770	101,525	106,245	10,611,255	5,199,975	5,411,280
Single responses	91,470	44,790	46,680	2,066,620	989,785	1,076,835
English	45,320	22,640	22,675	848,410	416,070	432,340
French	1,770	745	1,025	227,040	101,685	125,355
Non-official languages	44,380	21,405	22,975	991,165	472,030	519,140
Selected Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 20}	0	0	0	10,750	4,985	5,770
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,120	980	1,140
Dene	0	0	0	15	10	10
Innu/Montagnais	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	220	85	135
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	50	20	30
Ojibway	0	0	0	6,505	3,030	3,470
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,840	870	970
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Selected non-Aboriginal languages^{Census data footnote 21}	44,095	21,270	22,825	966,445	460,560	505,885
African languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	1,340	675	665
Afrikaans	40	15	25	1,285	630	660
Akan (Twi)	35	20	15	4,585	2,195	2,390
Albanian	40	25	15	4,625	2,315	2,310
Amharic	30	15	15	3,085	1,430	1,655
Arabic	1,085	555	535	45,670	24,305	21,360
Armenian	440	220	225	3,700	1,785	1,910
Bantu languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	1,490	675	810
Bengali	200	100	105	8,115	4,155	3,960
Berber languages (Kabyle)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Bisayan languages	25	10	15	1,600	585	1,010
Bosnian	5	5	0	1,790	875	915
Bulgarian	30	15	15	2,240	1,050	1,185
Burmese	25	15	10	405	200	205
Cantonese	9,600	4,675	4,925	41,885	19,995	21,890
Chinese, n.o.s.	5,300	2,595	2,705	35,080	16,715	18,365
Creoles	140	65	80	7,720	3,355	4,370
Croatian	45	20	30	13,060	6,290	6,770
Czech	30	15	20	3,765	1,645	2,115
Danish	30	20	10	1,690	740	950
Dutch	130	55	80	18,365	8,275	10,095
Estonian	40	15	25	1,850	785	1,065
Finnish	35	10	20	3,725	1,530	2,195
Flemish	5	0	0	590	230	355
Fukien	285	145	145	1,440	695	750
German	450	200	250	44,850	20,385	24,470
Greek	1,745	855	890	29,400	14,815	14,580
Gujarati	1,645	805	840	17,855	8,935	8,915
Hakka	315	155	155	1,010	480	530
Hebrew	230	100	130	8,795	4,415	4,380
Hindi	1,590	800	790	31,720	16,115	15,605
Hungarian	220	105	120	11,610	5,225	6,380
Ilocano	45	15	30	2,215	830	1,385
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	1,050	550	505
Italian	1,880	885	995	100,275	49,240	51,035
Japanese	215	95	120	5,765	2,425	3,350
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	2,105	985	1,120
Korean	525	255	270	11,915	5,615	6,300
Kurdish	20	10	10	1,355	730	625
Lao	20	15	10	1,600	815	785
Latvian	25	10	15	1,525	620	900
Lingala	10	5	10	1,220	505	715
Lithuanian	15	5	10	1,685	675	1,010
Macedonian	655	320	330	5,710	2,780	2,930
Malay	105	50	55	2,010	875	1,135
Malayalam	185	85	105	4,210	2,120	2,085
Maltese	20	10	5	2,270	1,045	1,225
Mandarin	2,905	1,375	1,535	22,435	10,105	12,330
Marathi	95	45	50	1,255	620	640
Nepali	5	5	5	655	325	335
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	4,890	2,350	2,540
Norwegian	10	5	5	475	205	265
Oromo	5	0	0	450	235	225
Panjabi (Punjabi)	1,265	645	620	36,175	18,600	17,575
Pashto	40	25	20	1,565	845	715
Persian (Farsi)	1,045	530	515	19,325	10,130	9,195
Polish	230	105	125	36,540	16,475	20,070
Portuguese	300	135	170	56,065	27,195	28,865
Romanian	265	135	125	11,640	5,370	6,265
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	535	225	310
Russian	405	190	210	20,915	9,535	11,380
Rwanda (Kinyarwanda)	0	0	0	555	220	335
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	3,145	1,560	1,585
Serbian	120	70	55	11,025	5,500	5,525
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	5	1,355	675	675
Shanghainese	60	25	30	460	185	275
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	1,530	620	905
Sindhi	335	160	170	2,660	1,255	1,410
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	205	95	105	4,160	2,055	2,105
Sino-Tibetan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	175	85	95
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	570	280	295
Slovak	40	20	15	2,965	1,305	1,665
Slovenian	25	10	15	2,445	1,075	1,370
Somali	80	35	50	7,410	3,415	4,000
Spanish	825	375	445	64,810	31,120	33,695
Swahili	50	25	20	3,240	1,485	1,755
Swedish	15	5	10	1,240	520	720
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,810	700	1,110	48,070	17,385	30,690
Taiwanese	130	65	60	1,050	480	570
Tamil	3,410	1,675	1,730	23,860	11,970	11,885
Telugu	50	30	20	1,730	910	820
Thai	20	5	15	1,120	375	745
Tibetan languages	0	0	0	445	235	210
Tigrigna	20	10	5	1,945	930	1,015
Turkish	115	65	50	4,610	2,460	2,150
Ukrainian	55	25	25	12,170	5,285	6,880
Urdu	2,010	990	1,020	34,535	17,635	16,895
Vietnamese	400	175	225	15,425	7,320	8,105
Yiddish	30	15	15	1,540	660	875
Other languages^{Census data footnote 22}	280	135	150	13,970	6,485	7,490
Multiple responses	1,445	660	785	44,190	20,580	23,610
English and French	190	90	95	6,970	3,210	3,760
English and non-official language	735	350	390	15,600	7,690	7,910
French and non-official language	510	220	295	21,270	9,505	11,765
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	350	170	180

Symbols

^A adjusted figure due to boundary change

Users wishing to compare 2011 Census data with those of other censuses should then take into account that the boundaries of geographic areas may change from one census to another. In order to facilitate comparison, the 2006 Census counts are adjusted as needed to take into account boundary changes between the 2006 and 2011 censuses. The 2006 counts that were adjusted are identified by the letter 'A.' The letter 'A' may also refer to corrections to the 2006 counts; however, most of these are the result of boundary changes. This symbol is also used to identify areas that have been created since 2006, such as newly incorporated municipalities (census subdivisions) and new designated places (DPLs).

^E use with caution

After the release of the 2006 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, errors are occasionally uncovered in the data. It is not possible to make changes to the 2006 or 2011 Census data presented in these tables.

Refer to the 2006 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

X area and data suppression

In addition to random rounding, area and data suppression has been adopted to further protect the confidentiality of individual respondents' personal information.

Area and data suppression results in the deletion of all information for geographic areas with populations below a specified size. For example, areas with a population of less than 40 persons are suppressed. If the community searched has a population of less than 40 persons, only the total population counts will be available.

Geographic area suppression lists show areas where data are suppressed.

^† excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements

Excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements (For further information, see the 'Notes.')

¶ incompletely enumerated Indian reserve and Indian settlement (For further information, see the 'Notes.')

Refer to a complete list of these geographic areas.

.. not available for a specific reference period

Data quality index: Data quality index showing a global non response rate higher than or equal to 25% (suppressed). Geographic area suppression lists show areas where data are suppressed.

Incompletely enumerated Indian reserve and Indian settlement: There were 13 Indian reserves and Indian settlements where enumeration was not possible as a result of forest fires in Northern Ontario at the time of census collection. Collection for these communities was done at a later time. While the data are not included in the 2011 Census tabulations, it is expected that separate special tables showing data for these communities will be made available at a later date, subject to data quality evaluation. Refer to a complete list of these geographic areas.

... not applicable

A possible reason for the use of the three dots (...) symbol is:

A value that cannot be calculated such as a percentage change where the denominator is zero.

Footnotes

Footnote 1

2011 and 2006 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

Counts of the total population are rounded to a base of 5 for any dissemination block having a population of less than 15. Population counts for all standard geographic areas above the dissemination block level are derived by summing the adjusted dissemination block counts. The adjustment of dissemination block counts is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

A separate set of living quarters designed for or converted for human habitation in which a person or group of persons reside or could reside. In addition, a private dwelling must have a source of heat or power and must be an enclosed space that provides shelter from the elements, as evidenced by complete and enclosed walls and roof, and by doors and windows that provide protection from wind, rain and snow.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

A separate set of living quarters which has a private entrance either directly from outside or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway leading to the outside, and in which a person or a group of persons live permanently.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Age

Refers to the age at last birthday before the reference date, that is, before May 10, 2011.

Refer to the Census Dictionary for more information.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Median age

The median age is an age 'x', such that exactly one half of the population is older than 'x' and the other half is younger than 'x'.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Total population 15 years and over by marital status

Refers to the marital status of the person, taking into account his/her common-law status. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Total number of census families in private households

Census family - Refers to a married couple (with or without children), a common-law couple (with or without children) or a lone parent family. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total number of census families in private households

Census family structure - Refers to the classification of census families into married couples (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), common-law couples (with or without children of either and/or both partners), and lone-parent families by sex of parent. A couple may be of opposite or same sex. A couple with children may be further classified as either an intact family or stepfamily, and stepfamilies may, in turn, be classified as simple or complex. Children in a census family include grandchildren living with their grandparent(s) but with no parents present.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Living with relatives

Non-relatives may be present.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total number of private households by household type

Refers to the basic division of private households into family and non-family households. Family household refers to a household that contains at least one census family, that is, a married couple with or without children, or a couple living common-law with or without children, or a lone parent living with one or more children (lone-parent family). One-family household refers to a single census family (with or without other persons) that occupies a private dwelling. Multiple-family household refers to a household in which two or more census families (with or without additional persons) occupy the same private dwelling. Family households may also be divided based on the presence of persons not in a census family.

Non-family household refers to either one person living alone in a private dwelling or to a group of two or more people who share a private dwelling, but who do not constitute a census family.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

One-family-only households

Refers to households that consist solely of one census family without additional persons.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Couple-family households

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

Other family households

Refers to one-census family households with additional persons and to multiple-census family households, with or without additional persons.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

Couple-family households

Refers to households with opposite-sex or same-sex couples.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total number of occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling

Structural type of dwelling - Characteristics that define a dwelling's structure, for example, the characteristics of a single-detached house, a semi-detached house, a row house, or an apartment or flat in a duplex. Refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Movable dwelling

Includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Other dwelling

The category 'Other dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total number of private households by household size

Household, private - Person or group of persons occupying the same dwelling. Refers to a person or a group of persons (other than foreign residents) who occupy a private dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada.

Household size - Number of persons occupying a private dwelling. Refers to the number of usual residents in a private household.

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total population excluding institutional residents

The population excluding institutional residents includes Canadian citizens (by birth or by naturalization) and landed immigrants (permanent residents) excluding those who live in institutions (institutional collective dwellings). Canadian citizens and landed immigrants either: (1) have a usual place of residence in Canada; (2) are abroad either on a military base or attached to a diplomatic mission; or (3) are at sea or in port aboard merchant vessels under Canadian registry or Canadian government vessels. Since 1991, the target population also includes persons with a usual place of residence in Canada who are claiming refugee status, who hold study permits, or who hold work permits, as well as family members living with them; for census purposes, this group is referred to as non-permanent residents. The population universe does not include foreign residents.

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Selected Aboriginal languages

The languages shown were selected based on the Aboriginal mother tongues most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Selected non-Aboriginal languages

The languages shown were selected based on the non-Aboriginal mother tongues (other than English or French) most often reported as single responses in Canada in the 2011 Census of Population.

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

Other languages

This is a subtotal of all languages collected by the census that are not displayed separately here. For a full list of languages collected in the census, please refer to Appendix D in the 2011 Census Dictionary.

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

Official language minority

English is the first official language spoken by Quebec's official language minority, which consists of all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. French is the first official language spoken by the official language minority in the country overall and in every province and territory outside Quebec, which consists of all individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2012. Markham, Ontario (Code 3519036) and Ontario (Code 35) (table). Census Profile. 2011 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-XWE. Ottawa. Released October 24, 2012.
http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed April 28, 2024).

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A table showing form radio buttons and files size for compressed CSV and TAB file formats for each geographic level available for download, 2011 Census Profile.
Geographic level	File format^{CSV/TAB (2011) - Footnote 1} (compressed)
Geographic level	CSV (comma-separated values)	TAB (tab-separated values)
Canada, provinces and territories	CSV (86 KB)	TAB (86 KB)
Census divisions	CSV (1,444 KB)	TAB (1,412 KB)
Census subdivisions	CSV (19,715 KB)	TAB (19,378 KB)
Census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations	CSV (691 KB)	TAB (723 KB)
Census tracts	CSV (21,499 KB)	TAB (21,281 KB)
Federal electoral districts (2003 representation order)	CSV (1,580 KB)	TAB (1,550 KB)
Federal electoral districts (2013 representation order)	CSV (1,628 KB)	TAB (1,600 KB)
Economic regions	CSV (404 KB)	TAB (397 KB)
Designated places	CSV (5,190 KB)	TAB (5,105 KB)
Population centres	CSV (3,599 KB)	TAB (3,565 KB)
Dissemination areas	CSV (193,822 KB)	TAB (191,191 KB)
Dissolved census subdivisions	CSV (732 KB)	TAB (720 KB)
Forward sortation areas^©	CSV (6,328 KB)	TAB (6,257 KB)
Health regions (December 2013)	CSV (666 KB)	TAB (654 KB)
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© This data includes information copied with permission from Canada Post Corporation. Footnotes Footnote 1 Some of the data sets are large and require special consideration during processing in order to successfully make use of them. For example, some data files may exceed the row limitations for various spreadsheet software. Return to footnote 1 referrer - CSV/TAB (2011) Source Source: Statistics Canada, 2011 Census Profile

Option 3 – Comprehensive download files - IVT or XML file format

Download an IVT (Beyond 20/20) or a compressed XML (SDMX-ML) file for all geographies from a selected geographic level or groups of geographic levels for all topics.

Select a group of geographic levels and a file type (IVT or XML)

A table showing form radio buttons and files size for CSV and TAB file formats for each group of geographic levels available for download.
Geographic levels	File format^{IVT/XML - Footnote 1}
Geographic levels	IVT (Beyond 20/20)	XML (SDMX-ML) (compressed)
Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions and census subdivisions	IVT (20,752 KB)	XML (35,311 KB)
Census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations	IVT (1,183 KB)	XML (1,221 KB)
Census metropolitan areas, tracted census agglomerations and census tracts	IVT (30,060 KB)	XML (38,000 KB)
Census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and census subdivisions	IVT (5,485 KB)	XML (7,333 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (2003 representation order)	IVT (2,795 KB)	XML (2,644 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and federal electoral districts (2013 representation order)	IVT (3,008 KB)	XML (2,802 KB)
Designated places	IVT (4,492 KB)	XML (8,996 KB)
Population centres	IVT (4,511 KB)	XML (6,566 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and economic regions	IVT (887 KB)	XML (776 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories, census divisions, census subdivisions and dissemination areas	IVT (233,928 KB)	XML (384,573 KB)
Dissolved census subdivisions	IVT (536 KB)	XML (1,140 KB)
Forward sortation areas^©	IVT (9,962 KB)	XML (11,873 KB)
Canada, provinces, territories and health regions (December 2013)	IVT (1,330 KB)	..
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Symbols © This data includes information copied with permission from Canada Post Corporation. .. not available for a specific reference period Footnotes Footnote 1 Some of the data sets are large and require special consideration during processing in order to successfully make use of them. Return to footnote 1 referrer - IVT/XML

Map

Map: Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario

Alternative format(s): pdf | ARCHIVED – Reference map (interactive tool)

Map: Markham, Town, Census Subdivision (shaded in green), Ontario

Map: Ontario

Alternative format(s): ARCHIVED – Reference map (interactive tool)

Map of Canada: Ontario (shaded in green)

Geographic hierarchy

Geographic hierarchy: Markham (Town)

Canada
- Ontario (Province)
  - York (Regional municipality)
    - Markham (Town)

Geographic hierarchy: Ontario (Province)

Canada
- Ontario (Province)

Note

Note: For more information regarding geographic hierarchies, refer to the Illustrated Glossary: Hierarchy of standard geographic units tutorial.

Related data

Related data: Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario

2011 Census

Topic-based tabulations, Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario
Highlight tables, Canada and census subdivisions (municipalities) with 5,000-plus population
Focus on Geography, Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario
Census Data Navigator, Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

NHS Profile, Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario, 2011
NHS Data Tables, Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario
NHS Focus on Geography Series, Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario

Related data: Ontario

2011 Census

Topic-based tabulations, Ontario
Highlight tables, Canada, provinces and territories
Focus on Geography, Ontario
Census Data Navigator, Ontario
Visual Census, Ontario

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

Census Profile: Help

Help

Date modified:: 2016-05-31

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Census Profile

Data table

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^A adjusted figure due to boundary change

^E use with caution

X area and data suppression

^† excludes census data for one or more incompletely enumerated Indian reserves or Indian settlements

¶ incompletely enumerated Indian reserve and Indian settlement (For further information, see the 'Notes.')

.. not available for a specific reference period

... not applicable

Footnotes

Download

Option 1 – Download data table

Option 2 – Comprehensive download files - CSV or TAB file format

Footnotes

Source

Option 3 – Comprehensive download files - IVT or XML file format

Symbols

Footnotes

Map

Map: Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario

Map: Ontario

Geographic hierarchy

Geographic hierarchy: Markham (Town)

Geographic hierarchy: Ontario (Province)

Note

Related data

Related data: Markham, Town (Census Subdivision), Ontario

2011 Census

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

Related data: Ontario

2011 Census

2011 National Household Survey (NHS)

Help