Low-income statistics by age groups, Income Highlight Tables, 2016 Census

Population in private households for income status, number of persons in low income, prevalence of low income based on the low-income concept - Low-income measure, after-tax (LIM-AT), by age groups (total - age groups), Canada and census agglomerations, 2016 Census – 100% Data, 2006 Census – 20% Sample data

Data table

Population in private households for income status, number of persons in low income, prevalence of low income based on the low-income concept - Low-income measure, after-tax (LIM-AT), by age groups (total - age groups), Canada and census agglomerations, 2016 Census – 100% Data, 2006 Census – 20% Sample data
Geographic name^{Footnote 2}	Type	Prov.	Population in private households for income status^{Footnote 3}		Number of persons in low income		Prevalence of low income (%)
Geographic name^{Footnote 2}	Type	Prov.	2006	2016	2005	2015	2005	2015	Difference

Canada			30,638,315	33,968,295	4,301,420	4,809,940	14.0	14.2	0.2
Campbell River	CA	B.C.	33,395	36,255	5,215	5,385	15.6	14.9	-0.7
Collingwood	CA	Ont.	16,855	21,140	2,230	3,155	13.2	14.9	1.7
Chilliwack	CA	B.C.	79,205	93,585	11,070	13,895	14.0	14.8	0.8
Brandon	CA	Man.	48,655	56,420	7,330	8,125	15.1	14.4	-0.7
Corner Brook	CA	N.L.	30,540	31,285	5,215	4,520	17.1	14.4	-2.7
Tillsonburg	CA	Ont.	14,625	15,595	1,500	2,215	10.3	14.2	3.9
Vernon	CA	B.C.	51,385	56,315	7,585	7,925	14.8	14.1	-0.7
Granby	CA	Que.	72,905	82,745	9,930	11,645	13.6	14.1	0.5
Williams Lake	CA	B.C.	17,985	17,305	2,495	2,390	13.9	13.8	-0.1
Thompson	CA	Man.	13,395	13,475	2,135	1,860	15.9	13.8	-2.1
Salmon Arm	CA	B.C.	15,505	17,030	2,265	2,325	14.6	13.7	-0.9
Terrace	CA	B.C.	15,160	15,375	2,665	2,100	17.6	13.7	-3.9
Alma	CA	Que.	31,405	31,800	4,420	4,370	14.1	13.7	-0.4
Timmins	CA	Ont.	42,275	41,225	5,630	5,600	13.3	13.6	0.3
Sarnia	CA	Ont.	94,135	94,250	9,915	12,685	10.5	13.5	3.0
Saint-Georges	CA	Que.	28,985	31,450	3,865	4,250	13.3	13.5	0.2
Rimouski	CA	Que.	49,910	53,345	7,355	6,980	14.7	13.1	-1.6
Kawartha Lakes	CA	Ont.	73,140	73,375	9,330	9,625	12.8	13.1	0.3
Moose Jaw	CA	Sask.	32,180	34,015	5,180	4,470	16.1	13.1	-3.0
Yorkton	CA	Sask.	17,120	18,475	3,095	2,400	18.1	13.0	-5.1
Leamington	CA	Ont.	46,940	46,270	5,615	6,030	12.0	13.0	1.0
Wetaskiwin	CA	Alta.	11,255	12,205	1,685	1,570	15.0	12.9	-2.1
Kamloops	CA	B.C.	89,365	97,370	11,605	12,455	13.0	12.8	-0.2
Cobourg	CA	Ont.	17,145	18,720	1,650	2,405	9.6	12.8	3.2
Arnprior	CA	Ont.	14,255	15,685	1,385	2,000	9.7	12.8	3.1

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Note(s):

Footnote 1

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income, multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Low-income concepts do not apply to certain geographic areas, i.e., geographic areas within territories and/or census subdivision types associated with 'on reserve' population.

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Footnote 3

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

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