Census Profile, 2016 Census
Summerside, City [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Summerside, CY Prince Edward Island [Census subdivision]			Columbia-Shuswap, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Summerside, City [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island Map : Summerside, City [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island Change geography 1			Data quality : Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	14,829	...	...	51,366	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	14,751	...	...	50,512	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.5	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,946	...	...	29,798	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,526	...	...	22,454	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	520.5	...	...	1.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	28.49	...	...	28,929.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	14,830	6,990	7,840	51,370	25,370	25,995
0 to 14 years	2,290	1,150	1,140	7,045	3,570	3,470
0 to 4 years	695	350	345	2,275	1,150	1,120
5 to 9 years	780	400	375	2,395	1,250	1,145
10 to 14 years	820	410	415	2,370	1,165	1,210
15 to 64 years	9,160	4,380	4,780	31,780	15,705	16,070
15 to 19 years	910	480	430	2,395	1,225	1,170
20 to 24 years	730	380	345	2,140	1,125	1,015
25 to 29 years	710	335	380	2,450	1,200	1,245
30 to 34 years	760	360	405	2,815	1,430	1,390
35 to 39 years	815	380	430	2,915	1,485	1,425
40 to 44 years	880	430	455	2,650	1,350	1,295
45 to 49 years	930	430	500	2,950	1,410	1,535
50 to 54 years	1,165	550	610	4,005	1,930	2,075
55 to 59 years	1,195	530	660	4,820	2,300	2,525
60 to 64 years	1,065	500	565	4,650	2,260	2,390
65 years and over	3,375	1,460	1,915	12,550	6,095	6,455
65 to 69 years	1,075	505	570	4,245	2,130	2,115
70 to 74 years	735	325	410	3,110	1,530	1,585
75 to 79 years	620	275	345	2,220	1,125	1,100
80 to 84 years	500	195	300	1,565	765	800
85 years and over	445	165	280	1,405	550	860
85 to 89 years	265	105	160	920	395	525
90 to 94 years	135	50	85	370	120	250
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	105	30	70
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.4	16.5	14.5	13.7	14.1	13.3
15 to 64 years	61.8	62.7	61.0	61.9	61.9	61.8
65 years and over	22.8	20.9	24.4	24.4	24.0	24.8
85 years and over	3.0	2.4	3.6	2.7	2.2	3.3
Average age of the population	44.4	42.9	45.7	46.4	45.8	46.9
Median age of the population	46.7	44.8	48.3	50.5	49.7	51.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,530	...	...	22,455	...	...
Single-detached house	3,290	...	...	15,880	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	20	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,755	...	...	4,170	...	...
Semi-detached house	675	...	...	590	...	...
Row house	615	...	...	875	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	250	...	...	920	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,205	...	...	1,680	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	100	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	480	...	...	2,390	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,525	...	...	22,455	...	...
1 person	2,070	...	...	6,230	...	...
2 persons	2,510	...	...	10,000	...	...
3 persons	920	...	...	2,740	...	...
4 persons	670	...	...	2,315	...	...
5 or more persons	360	...	...	1,175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,480	...	...	50,195	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	12,540	5,840	6,700	44,325	21,800	22,525
Married or living common law	7,100	3,550	3,545	28,260	14,125	14,135
Married	5,805	2,915	2,890	22,890	11,460	11,430
Living common law	1,295	640	655	5,370	2,665	2,705
Not married and not living common law	5,435	2,285	3,155	16,065	7,675	8,390
Never married	3,080	1,615	1,465	8,875	5,135	3,740
Separated	490	180	310	1,265	580	685
Divorced	880	300	580	3,060	1,315	1,745
Widowed	990	190	805	2,860	650	2,220
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,330	...	...	15,650	...	...
2 persons	2,545	...	...	10,230	...	...
3 persons	860	...	...	2,510	...	...
4 persons	625	...	...	2,090	...	...
5 or more persons	290	...	...	820	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,330	...	...	15,650	...	...
Total couple families	3,475	...	...	13,870	...	...
Married couples	2,825	...	...	11,180	...	...
Common-law couples	645	...	...	2,685	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	860	...	...	1,785	...	...
Female parent	700	...	...	1,365	...	...
Male parent	160	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,470	...	...	13,870	...	...
Couples without children	2,050	...	...	9,110	...	...
Couples with children	1,425	...	...	4,755	...	...
1 child	600	...	...	2,010	...	...
2 children	555	...	...	1,960	...	...
3 or more children	270	...	...	780	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	860	...	...	1,785	...	...
1 child	505	...	...	1,115	...	...
2 children	265	...	...	495	...	...
3 or more children	95	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,715	1,115	1,605	9,395	4,690	4,710
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,525	...	...	22,455	...	...
One-census-family households	4,195	...	...	15,060	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,995	...	...	8,825	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,200	...	...	6,235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	65	...	...	290	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,260	...	...	7,105	...	...
One-person households	2,070	...	...	6,230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	190	...	...	875	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	14,515	6,850	7,665	50,925	25,225	25,705
English only	12,480	5,975	6,500	47,250	23,590	23,660
French only	10	5	0	15	5	5
English and French	1,975	840	1,135	3,550	1,570	1,980
Neither English nor French	50	25	25	115	55	55
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	14,515	6,850	7,665	50,925	25,220	25,700
English	13,810	6,545	7,265	49,865	24,695	25,170
French	625	270	360	895	450	445
English and French	30	15	20	55	25	35
Neither English nor French	50	25	25	105	55	50
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	640	275	365	930	465	465
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.4	4.0	4.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	14,510	6,850	7,665	50,925	25,220	25,705
Single responses	14,335	6,775	7,555	50,510	25,030	25,480
Official languages	13,925	6,575	7,350	46,805	23,255	23,555
English	13,250	6,285	6,970	45,820	22,750	23,075
French	675	295	380	985	505	485
Non-official languages	405	200	205	3,705	1,780	1,925
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	45	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	405	200	205	3,660	1,755	1,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	20	25	15	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	25	20	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	90	40	55	200	70	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	35	50	175	65	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	20	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	80	70	2,950	1,455	1,495
Albanian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	485	225	260
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	5	5	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	480	220	260
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	100	45	55
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	95	45	45
Russian	0	0	5	75	30	45
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	5	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	0	5	0	150	70	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	5	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	1,845	925	920
Afrikaans	5	0	0	40	20	15
Danish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Dutch	15	5	5	345	160	180
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	20	5	10	1,340	685	660
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Swedish	0	5	0	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	220	115	110
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	15	210	105	105
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	5	0	5	20	15	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	160	75	90
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	380	185	195
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	235	120	115
Portuguese	10	5	5	45	15	30
Romanian	5	0	0	10	0	5
Spanish	20	10	5	90	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Japanese	0	0	5	65	20	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	80	40	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	130	60	70
Chinese languages	65	30	35	130	60	70
Cantonese	25	10	15	60	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	15	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	140	55	85
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	70	25	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	180	75	105	420	190	230
English and French	105	35	65	110	55	50
English and non-official language	75	35	40	285	120	160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	14,515	6,850	7,660	50,925	25,220	25,705
Single responses	14,335	6,780	7,555	50,305	24,940	25,360
Official languages	14,115	6,670	7,445	49,420	24,515	24,905
English	13,910	6,590	7,320	49,120	24,365	24,755
French	210	80	125	305	145	155
Non-official languages	220	105	110	885	425	455
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	215	105	110	875	425	450
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	15	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	10	5	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	30	40	65	35	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	30	40	65	35	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	605	290	315
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	70	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	65	35	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	310	145	165
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	45	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	245	110	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	140	70	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	5	135	70	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	5	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	100	50	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	85	35	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	30	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	75	35	35
Chinese languages	40	25	20	75	40	40
Cantonese	10	5	5	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	180	75	105	620	280	340
English and French	65	25	45	55	25	30
English and non-official language	115	50	65	555	250	300
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	14,510	6,850	7,665	50,925	25,220	25,700
None	13,760	6,530	7,235	48,470	24,095	24,375
English	215	85	130	585	280	300
French	425	175	250	605	275	330
Non-official language	105	55	45	1,230	550	675
Aboriginal	0	0	0	85	35	45
Non-Aboriginal	105	60	50	1,150	520	630
English and French	5	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	5	5	0	10	10	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,190	5,680	6,510	43,165	21,320	21,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,805	5,480	6,325	42,235	20,975	21,260
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,583	34,570	25,840	31,558	41,254	24,774
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,805	5,480	6,325	42,275	21,000	21,280
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,696	30,494	23,703	28,609	36,199	23,373
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,290	4,940	5,345	38,445	19,530	18,915
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,169	30,020	21,376	27,425	37,062	20,314
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,340	4,005	5,330	30,790	14,025	16,765
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,937	8,974	8,902	8,392	9,428	7,716
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,375	4,125	4,255	29,780	15,490	14,280
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,348	30,130	23,595	26,408	35,968	20,266
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	12,125	5,675	6,455	43,165	21,320	21,845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,755	5,485	6,270	42,150	20,950	21,200
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,671	40,099	31,795	42,219	51,841	32,711
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,750	5,485	6,270	42,210	20,970	21,240
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,371	33,556	27,584	35,723	42,829	28,707
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,225	4,960	5,265	38,415	19,500	18,910
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,495	36,706	28,533	39,049	48,698	29,098
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,400	4,095	5,305	31,095	14,180	16,915
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,257	9,288	9,233	8,992	9,618	8,468
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,385	4,100	4,285	29,775	15,525	14,250
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,962	36,821	29,270	37,381	46,741	27,182
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	12,130	5,675	6,455	43,165	21,315	21,850
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,895	2,030	1,870	10,610	6,240	4,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,773	46,051	40,877	50,112	60,961	39,567
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,507	53,438	45,247	56,664	65,294	44,332
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.4	83.4	75.0	84.4	87.6	79.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.4	68.7	61.9	62.3	65.9	56.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.6	16.6	25.0	15.6	12.4	20.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	12,190	5,680	6,510	43,165	21,320	21,850
Without total income	385	200	185	935	345	590
With total income	11,805	5,480	6,325	42,230	20,975	21,260
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.5	97.2	97.8	98.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,455	625	830	5,520	2,075	3,450
$10,000 to $19,999	2,385	880	1,510	7,850	2,825	5,020
$20,000 to $29,999	2,145	835	1,310	6,860	2,780	4,085
$30,000 to $39,999	1,820	885	930	5,365	2,490	2,875
$40,000 to $49,999	1,460	775	690	4,295	2,275	2,025
$50,000 to $59,999	885	470	410	3,145	1,900	1,250
$60,000 to $69,999	530	325	210	2,565	1,705	855
$70,000 to $79,999	410	220	190	1,835	1,280	560
$80,000 to $89,999	250	135	120	1,315	890	425
$90,000 to $99,999	145	95	50	930	720	215
$100,000 and over	320	235	85	2,555	2,035	515
$100,000 to $149,999	220	160	60	1,880	1,500	380
$150,000 and over	100	75	25	675	535	135
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	12,190	5,680	6,510	43,165	21,320	21,845
Without after-tax income	380	200	180	890	320	570
With after-tax income	11,810	5,480	6,330	42,275	20,995	21,280
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	96.5	97.2	97.9	98.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,520	640	880	5,840	2,215	3,630
$10,000 to $19,999	2,600	965	1,635	8,340	3,115	5,230
$20,000 to $29,999	2,580	1,085	1,495	7,855	3,250	4,610
$30,000 to $39,999	2,125	1,080	1,045	6,130	2,995	3,135
$40,000 to $49,999	1,360	740	630	4,480	2,595	1,885
$50,000 to $59,999	715	410	310	3,305	2,180	1,125
$60,000 to $69,999	440	235	205	2,255	1,560	695
$70,000 to $79,999	175	115	60	1,485	1,060	425
$80,000 and over	290	215	75	2,580	2,030	550
$80,000 to $89,999	100	70	30	880	690	195
$90,000 to $99,999	65	50	15	585	470	115
$100,000 and over	125	95	30	1,115	875	245
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	12,190	5,680	6,510	43,165	21,315	21,850
Without employment income	3,815	1,550	2,260	13,390	5,825	7,565
With employment income	8,380	4,125	4,255	29,775	15,495	14,285
Percentage with employment income	68.7	72.6	65.4	69.0	72.7	65.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,155	560	600	5,770	2,710	3,060
$5,000 to $9,999	880	375	500	2,515	1,050	1,470
$10,000 to $19,999	1,385	600	785	4,255	1,725	2,535
$20,000 to $29,999	1,170	515	655	3,545	1,425	2,120
$30,000 to $39,999	1,065	505	560	2,985	1,350	1,635
$40,000 to $49,999	915	490	425	2,405	1,235	1,170
$50,000 to $59,999	590	340	250	1,920	1,135	785
$60,000 to $69,999	370	220	155	1,600	1,110	490
$70,000 to $79,999	300	165	135	1,250	910	345
$80,000 and over	540	355	185	3,520	2,840	680
$80,000 to $89,999	210	105	105	995	700	300
$90,000 to $99,999	95	75	25	705	580	125
$100,000 and over	230	180	55	1,820	1,560	255
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,525	...	...	22,450	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,143	...	...	64,009	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,535	...	...	56,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,070	...	...	6,230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,611	...	...	30,714	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,333	...	...	27,991	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,455	...	...	16,225	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,412	...	...	78,759	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,194	...	...	69,290	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,515	...	...	22,455	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,378	...	...	79,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,814	...	...	67,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,060	...	...	6,245	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,111	...	...	41,008	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,832	...	...	35,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,455	...	...	16,210	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,289	...	...	93,980	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,283	...	...	79,433	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,525	...	...	22,455	...	...
Under $5,000	55	...	...	280	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	290	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	200	...	...	640	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	450	...	...	995	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	400	...	...	1,130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	370	...	...	980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	440	...	...	1,120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	400	...	...	1,110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	1,035	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	380	...	...	980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	585	...	...	1,945	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	515	...	...	1,775	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	450	...	...	1,665	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	385	...	...	1,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	310	...	...	1,240	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,145	...	...	5,880	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	510	...	...	2,295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	300	...	...	1,460	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	215	...	...	1,310	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,525	...	...	22,455	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	315	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	300	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	670	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	490	...	...	1,025	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	465	...	...	1,300	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	440	...	...	1,180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	480	...	...	1,305	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	510	...	...	1,245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	405	...	...	1,205	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	370	...	...	1,125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	680	...	...	2,265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	565	...	...	2,060	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	475	...	...	1,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	1,455	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	1,180	...	...
$100,000 and over	680	...	...	4,060	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	380	...	...	2,030	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...	965	...	...
$150,000 and over	145	...	...	1,065	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,320	...	...	15,555	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,972	...	...	77,937	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,955	...	...	68,654	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,955	...	...	8,705	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,970	...	...	71,533	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,503	...	...	63,246	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,440	...	...	4,815	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,440	...	...	104,204	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,639	...	...	90,324	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	815	...	...	1,645	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,624	...	...	46,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,770	...	...	42,816	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,320	...	...	15,565	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,333	...	...	93,224	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,258	...	...	78,813	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,950	...	...	8,665	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,156	...	...	86,690	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,347	...	...	72,779	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,400	...	...	4,830	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,883	...	...	115,304	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,231	...	...	97,638	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	855	...	...	1,635	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,723	...	...	56,684	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,161	...	...	50,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,480	1,015	1,470	8,490	4,250	4,240
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,008	29,013	24,597	29,526	34,967	26,112
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,849	26,112	23,033	26,902	30,829	24,542
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,460	1,050	1,410	8,440	4,295	4,150
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,094	31,983	30,436	38,894	42,450	35,210
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,983	27,635	26,500	33,287	35,936	30,543
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	14,480	6,830	7,650	50,195	24,880	25,315
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,460	4,320	5,145	27,195	12,985	14,215
In the bottom decile	1,565	665	895	5,070	2,380	2,690
In the second decile	2,425	1,010	1,415	5,765	2,605	3,165
In the third decile	2,065	995	1,070	5,675	2,680	2,995
In the fourth decile	1,755	845	910	5,415	2,650	2,765
In the fifth decile	1,660	805	855	5,275	2,675	2,605
In the top half of the distribution	5,015	2,515	2,505	22,995	11,895	11,100
In the sixth decile	1,560	770	790	5,310	2,685	2,620
In the seventh decile	1,255	655	605	5,200	2,640	2,565
In the eighth decile	1,065	525	545	4,695	2,460	2,230
In the ninth decile	715	350	370	4,345	2,275	2,065
In the top decile	415	215	200	3,455	1,830	1,625
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	14,480	6,830	7,650	49,570	24,555	25,010
0 to 17 years	2,830	1,440	1,395	8,370	4,240	4,130
0 to 5 years	835	420	415	2,690	1,390	1,300
18 to 64 years	8,545	4,040	4,505	29,555	14,545	15,015
65 years and over	3,105	1,350	1,750	11,645	5,775	5,870
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,875	1,180	1,695	7,350	3,365	3,990
0 to 17 years	745	360	390	1,520	775	745
0 to 5 years	265	125	140	520	280	240
18 to 64 years	1,410	590	820	4,115	1,875	2,240
65 years and over	720	235	485	1,715	715	1,005
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.9	17.3	22.2	14.8	13.7	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	26.3	25.0	28.0	18.2	18.3	18.0
0 to 5 years (%)	31.7	29.8	33.7	19.3	20.1	18.5
18 to 64 years (%)	16.5	14.6	18.2	13.9	12.9	14.9
65 years and over (%)	23.2	17.4	27.7	14.7	12.4	17.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	870	400	470	2,800	1,360	1,435
0 to 17 years	215	100	115	505	255	255
0 to 5 years	80	35	40	160	90	75
18 to 64 years	605	290	315	2,080	1,000	1,075
65 years and over	50	15	35	215	100	110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	5.9	6.1	5.6	5.5	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	7.6	6.9	8.2	6.0	6.0	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	8.3	9.6	5.9	6.5	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.1	7.2	7.0	7.0	6.9	7.2
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.1	2.0	1.8	1.7	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	14,480	6,850	7,625	50,195	24,880	25,315
Official languages	14,460	6,840	7,615	50,105	24,835	25,275
English	14,455	6,840	7,620	50,075	24,820	25,260
French	1,945	830	1,115	3,560	1,645	1,915
Non-official languages	525	250	270	4,935	2,290	2,650
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	160	75	80
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	30	20	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	20	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	115	55	65
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	90	45	45
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	515	255	260	4,790	2,210	2,575
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	40	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	0	10	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	35	20	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	195	85	105	255	80	175
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	15	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	85	110	240	75	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	95	75	3,960	1,910	2,055
Albanian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	20	10	530	255	275
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	20	10	530	255	280
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	120	45	70
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	120	45	75
Russian	0	0	10	105	55	50
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	30	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	10	0	0	105	50	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	30	15	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	2,155	1,055	1,095
Afrikaans	0	0	0	70	25	40
Danish	0	0	0	35	25	10
Dutch	15	10	0	355	165	190
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
German	10	10	10	1,660	830	835
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Swedish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	260	145	115
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	260	140	115
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	80	40	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	165	95	75
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	45	1,125	505	625
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	15	10	10	330	155	175
Portuguese	10	10	10	95	40	55
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	60	35	30	730	320	415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	10	0	0	135	35	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	0	20	70	25	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	50	10	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	25	10	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	40	25	155	75	75
Chinese languages	60	35	20	155	80	80
Cantonese	15	0	10	45	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	30	15	75	35	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	120	40	75
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	70	20	50
Hungarian	0	0	10	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	14,480	6,850	7,630	50,195	24,880	25,315
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	14,175	6,720	7,450	48,500	24,075	24,430
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,810	1,430	1,380	8,295	4,195	4,100
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,365	5,290	6,075	40,205	19,880	20,325
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	310	130	175	1,695	810	885
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	14,480	6,850	7,625	50,195	24,880	25,315
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	13,770	6,535	7,235	44,570	22,165	22,410
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	645	290	350	5,315	2,555	2,765
Before 1981	215	110	110	3,035	1,520	1,515
1981 to 1990	30	10	15	500	200	300
1991 to 2000	65	25	35	540	250	290
2001 to 2010	145	65	85	740	360	380
2001 to 2005	75	40	35	260	135	130
2006 to 2010	70	25	50	480	225	255
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	185	75	110	495	220	270
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	30	35	305	165	140
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	640	290	350	5,320	2,555	2,765
Under 5 years	110	55	60	695	350	345
5 to 14 years	135	60	75	1,010	500	505
15 to 24 years	65	25	40	1,190	570	620
25 to 44 years	285	125	165	2,075	955	1,120
45 years and over	45	30	15	350	175	175
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	645	290	350	5,320	2,550	2,765
Americas	115	60	55	890	410	480
Brazil	10	10	0	25	15	10
Colombia	20	15	10	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	30	45	715	320	390
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	65	30	35
Europe	245	115	130	3,390	1,720	1,670
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	15	15	0
Croatia	0	0	0	20	15	10
France	10	0	10	30	20	10
Germany	25	0	20	695	395	300
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italy	10	0	10	150	80	65
Netherlands	20	10	10	310	160	145
Poland	0	10	0	60	25	30
Portugal	0	0	0	35	15	15
Romania	0	0	10	20	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	60	25	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	130	75	60	1,430	705	725
Other places of birth in Europe	30	20	15	480	220	260
Africa	10	0	10	145	45	100
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	105	35	75
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	35	15	15
Asia	260	105	155	705	280	425
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	10	35	95	35	60
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	10	0	20	0	15
India	10	0	0	165	90	75
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	40	10	30
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	20	60	35	25
Lebanon	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Philippines	120	60	65	190	45	145
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Taiwan	15	10	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	75	30	45
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	190	95	95
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	185	75	110	495	220	275
Americas	15	10	10	85	35	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	60	25	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	15	10	15
Europe	10	0	10	175	75	100
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	80	35	45
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	30	0	25
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	10	10	0
Asia	155	70	85	150	55	95
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	30	20	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	55	60	55	15	40
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	10	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	75	50	30
Australia	0	0	0	50	30	15
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	14,480	6,855	7,630	50,195	24,885	25,315
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	750	340	415	5,865	2,850	3,020
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	805	380	425	9,795	4,840	4,955
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	12,920	6,140	6,785	34,530	17,190	17,345
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	435	190	250	2,350	1,080	1,270
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	250	120	135	1,350	675	670
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	110	80	30	595	385	210
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	145	45	105	760	295	460
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	115	30	85	890	355	535
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	70	40	25	90	30	55
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	14,480	6,855	7,625	50,195	24,880	25,315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	220	80	140	3,645	1,700	1,940
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	215	75	140	3,540	1,650	1,895
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	125	40	85	1,670	785	890
Métis	80	35	50	1,845	865	980
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	30	0	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	80	45	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,260	6,770	7,485	46,555	23,180	23,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	14,480	6,855	7,625	50,195	24,880	25,315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	50	25	30	1,120	515	605
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,425	6,830	7,595	49,075	24,365	24,710
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	14,480	6,850	7,630	50,195	24,880	25,315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	60	35	25	765	355	410
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	60	40	25	750	350	405
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	50	30	20	540	260	275
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	205	85	120
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	10	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	325	130	190	3,530	1,740	1,790
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	315	125	190	3,330	1,635	1,695
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	240	90	155	1,860	890	965
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	35	30	1,455	740	715
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	200	105	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	200	110	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,095	6,685	7,410	45,900	22,780	23,115
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	14,480	6,855	7,625	50,195	24,880	25,315
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	525	240	290	1,620	730	890
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	10	15	355	195	160
Chinese	85	35	45	265	125	140
Black	90	40	45	175	90	85
Filipino	195	95	100	270	85	185
Latin American	50	25	20	65	30	40
Arab	10	10	10	25	10	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	10	25	45	15	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	35	10	25	100	45	55
Japanese	0	0	0	275	105	165
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	10	0	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	13,955	6,615	7,340	48,575	24,150	24,425
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	14,480	6,850	7,630	50,195	24,880	25,315
North American Aboriginal origins	385	165	220	4,300	2,095	2,200
First Nations (North American Indian)	310	125	185	2,615	1,270	1,345
Inuit	15	10	0	25	0	25
Métis	80	40	35	1,875	940	935
Other North American origins	7,135	3,410	3,725	13,375	6,660	6,710
Acadian	430	215	210	85	40	45
American	85	35	45	1,165	560	605
Canadian	6,805	3,235	3,570	12,490	6,205	6,280
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	40	30	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	9,725	4,595	5,130	42,400	21,005	21,395
British Isles origins	8,055	3,790	4,270	29,170	14,220	14,945
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	10	0	10	10	10
English	4,130	1,945	2,180	18,475	9,070	9,400
Irish	3,500	1,585	1,915	9,625	4,545	5,075
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	15
Scottish	4,280	1,995	2,285	12,870	6,080	6,795
Welsh	260	130	125	1,995	865	1,130
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	205	75	125	1,485	715	770
French origins	3,560	1,705	1,855	6,135	2,975	3,160
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,560	1,705	1,850	6,130	2,975	3,160
Western European origins (except French origins)	960	395	560	14,985	7,525	7,460
Austrian	0	0	0	960	495	465
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	365	160	205
Dutch	290	130	165	3,560	1,760	1,800
Flemish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	695	290	410	10,575	5,325	5,250
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	15	0
Swiss	10	0	0	910	435	475
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	185	80	105	6,015	3,005	3,020
Danish	35	10	30	735	370	365
Finnish	35	10	25	680	345	340
Icelandic	0	0	0	325	155	170
Norwegian	35	15	15	2,480	1,245	1,240
Swedish	55	20	35	2,085	1,010	1,075
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	10	270	165	105
Eastern European origins	295	145	150	7,615	3,650	3,960
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Czech	10	10	0	365	170	195
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	0	15	140	55	90
Estonian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Hungarian	45	30	15	570	280	295
Latvian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	45	45	1,800	865	930
Romanian	20	0	15	300	170	135
Russian	45	20	25	1,655	805	855
Slovak	0	0	0	120	70	45
Ukrainian	115	55	65	3,495	1,650	1,845
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern European origins	225	105	115	3,055	1,450	1,610
Albanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	10	0	10	155	75	85
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	100	50	55
Italian	95	45	50	1,985	960	1,025
Kosovar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	230	125	105
Serbian	0	10	0	80	25	55
Sicilian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slovenian	10	0	10	65	40	25
Spanish	60	30	35	365	140	225
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	100	50	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	35	15	20	190	105	85
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	15	0	10	90	45	35
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	0	70	35	30
Caribbean origins	25	10	15	75	45	30
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaican	25	10	15	15	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	35	15	15	300	165	135
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chilean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Colombian	25	15	10	20	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	120	65	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	10
African origins	55	20	30	285	135	155
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	150	60	85
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	110	50	60
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other African origins	45	15	30	125	65	60
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	45	15	30	120	55	65
Asian origins	430	180	250	1,635	745	890
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	20	25	145	85	60
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	20	20	35	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	10
Turk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	25	10	20	405	215	190
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	0	15	340	185	155
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	15	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	365	150	205	1,080	450	635
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	115	55	60	330	160	165
Filipino	200	90	110	310	95	210
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	305	110	190
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	30	115	60	60
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	380	205	175
Australian	10	10	0	285	160	120
New Zealander	0	0	0	90	40	50
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,510	...	...	22,450	...	...
Owner	3,585	...	...	17,890	...	...
Renter	2,930	...	...	4,525	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,515	...	...	22,455	...	...
Condominium	115	...	...	1,815	...	...
Not condominium	6,400	...	...	20,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,515	...	...	22,455	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	740	...	...	1,885	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,015	...	...	5,780	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,390	...	...	7,970	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,360	...	...	6,770	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,510	...	...	22,455	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,670	...	...	4,450	...	...
5 rooms	1,310	...	...	3,705	...	...
6 rooms	1,030	...	...	3,420	...	...
7 rooms	780	...	...	3,130	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,725	...	...	7,745	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,515	...	...	22,455	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,480	...	...	22,305	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,510	...	...	22,450	...	...
Suitable	6,365	...	...	22,045	...	...
Not suitable	150	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,510	...	...	22,455	...	...
1960 or before	1,890	...	...	2,700	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,900	...	...	7,980	...	...
1981 to 1990	810	...	...	2,810	...	...
1991 to 2000	790	...	...	4,405	...	...
2001 to 2005	335	...	...	1,345	...	...
2006 to 2010	410	...	...	2,060	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	375	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,515	...	...	22,455	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	6,035	...	...	20,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	475	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,515	...	...	22,455	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,025	...	...	13,090	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,390	...	...	8,975	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	95	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,515	...	...	22,455	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...	465	...	...
25 to 34 years	720	...	...	2,260	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,000	...	...	2,985	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,250	...	...	3,860	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,335	...	...	5,410	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,070	...	...	4,345	...	...
75 to 84 years	765	...	...	2,425	...	...
85 years and over	200	...	...	715	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,500	...	...	21,705	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,020	...	...	17,190	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,480	...	...	4,515	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,365	...	...	3,865	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,580	...	...	17,240	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.9	...	...	51.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.4	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	856	...	...	715	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	957	...	...	986	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,581	...	...	349,659	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	156,909	...	...	384,003	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,925	...	...	4,475	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.0	...	...	13.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.4	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	766	...	...	852	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	797	...	...	927	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,125	5,670	6,455	43,165	21,315	21,850
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,725	1,400	1,325	7,735	4,170	3,570
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,690	1,735	1,950	12,840	6,000	6,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,710	2,535	3,180	22,595	11,150	11,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	860	600	260	6,200	4,605	1,595
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	545	340	205	2,535	1,440	1,090
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	315	260	55	3,670	3,160	505
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,905	1,150	1,755	9,000	3,405	5,590
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	70	145	1,535	515	1,015
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,730	710	1,015	5,865	2,625	3,240
Bachelor's degree	1,230	505	720	3,960	1,645	2,315
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	95	35	60	420	155	260
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	35	15	180	120	65
Master's degree	335	125	205	1,200	640	560
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	100	65	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,455	3,410	4,045	26,920	13,175	13,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,100	580	525	3,180	1,900	1,275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,265	1,070	1,195	8,040	3,785	4,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,090	1,760	2,325	15,695	7,480	8,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	495	330	165	4,155	3,115	1,040
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	310	170	140	1,700	975	725
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	190	160	30	2,455	2,135	315
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,130	895	1,235	6,370	2,360	4,010
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	35	70	980	350	630
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,365	505	860	4,180	1,655	2,530
Bachelor's degree	935	345	590	2,920	1,075	1,840
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	20	45	265	90	175
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	15	145	85	55
Master's degree	300	105	195	790	365	425
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	10	65	40	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,130	5,675	6,455	43,170	21,315	21,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,415	3,135	3,275	20,570	10,165	10,405
Education	500	150	355	1,980	555	1,420
13. Education	505	145	360	1,975	555	1,425
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	75	30	560	240	320
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	30	10	115	90	25
50. Visual and performing arts	70	45	25	450	150	290
Humanities	155	80	75	880	360	525
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	75	20	50
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	25	185	45	140
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	20	25	260	90	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	0	75	40	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	20	0	190	115	75
54. History	30	20	10	75	45	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	510	140	370	1,515	465	1,055
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	30	140	55	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	115	385	10	380
22. Legal professions and studies	70	25	40	255	75	180
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	10	10	10
42. Psychology	115	20	95	285	100	185
45. Social sciences	135	65	75	435	210	225
Business, management and public administration	1,500	375	1,125	4,000	1,150	2,845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	15	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	20	120	350	45	300
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,360	350	1,005	3,630	1,095	2,535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	95	45	45	555	290	265
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	30	15	255	110	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	20	120	55	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	135	110	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	45	25	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	235	135	105	405	195	210
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	220	130	95	295	170	125
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	0	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	45	25	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,070	1,015	55	5,860	5,510	350
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	90	60	25
14. Engineering	95	80	15	500	420	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	250	225	25	985	910	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	315	315	0	1,760	1,700	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	255	15	1,645	1,575	70
48. Precision production	130	125	0	885	845	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	95	10	1,030	685	345
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	75	10	475	250	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	10	555	435	120
Health and related fields	965	170	795	3,790	610	3,180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	85	45	45	415	235	175
51. Health professions and related programs	865	115	750	3,350	355	2,990
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	30	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	470	265	205	2,025	1,090	935
12. Personal and culinary services	245	55	190	1,195	350	845
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	25	20	10
43. Security and protective services	115	105	0	165	125	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	95	0	640	595	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,455	3,410	4,045	26,915	13,170	13,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,365	1,645	1,715	11,220	5,695	5,530
Education	355	100	260	1,115	235	880
13. Education	355	100	255	1,115	235	880
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	45	20	365	140	230
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	65	35	25
50. Visual and performing arts	65	40	20	310	105	205
Humanities	75	25	55	585	245	340
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	60	20	40
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	125	35	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	10	190	60	125
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	45	25	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	115	70	40
54. History	0	0	0	50	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	425	115	310	1,135	295	840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	25	105	30	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	10	100	295	10	295
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	35	180	35	140
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	10	10	0
42. Psychology	90	15	75	195	65	130
45. Social sciences	110	50	65	340	145	195
Business, management and public administration	1,050	275	775	2,760	725	2,035
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	130	25	110	270	30	240
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	915	255	660	2,475	690	1,785
Physical and life sciences and technologies	45	15	30	390	180	205
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	10	200	85	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	80	35	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	75	45	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	25	15	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	200	110	85	305	160	150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	115	85	235	155	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	30	10	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	755	710	45	3,955	3,660	295
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	60	35	25
14. Engineering	60	55	0	340	270	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	200	180	20	660	600	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	205	205	0	1,210	1,150	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	200	10	1,110	1,055	55
48. Precision production	70	65	0	585	550	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85	75	10	815	500	310
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	55	10	360	165	200
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	10	455	340	110
Health and related fields	700	130	570	2,745	475	2,265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	30	30	375	205	165
51. Health professions and related programs	625	90	535	2,345	255	2,095
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	20	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	340	165	175	1,520	860	665
12. Personal and culinary services	200	40	160	870	285	585
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	75	65	10	140	100	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	65	10	500	460	40
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,125	5,670	6,455	43,170	21,315	21,850
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,410	3,135	3,275	20,570	10,165	10,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,715	2,535	3,180	22,595	11,155	11,445
Location of study inside Canada	5,380	2,400	2,985	19,955	9,740	10,215
Same as province or territory of residence	3,345	1,445	1,900	12,585	5,975	6,610
Different than province or territory of residence	2,040	950	1,085	7,370	3,765	3,605
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	330	140	190	2,640	1,415	1,225
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	70	30	40	685	445	240
Philippines	105	45	60	135	25	110
India	10	0	10	70	35	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	30	30	570	310	260
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other	80	30	45	1,150	590	560
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	7,455	3,410	4,045	26,915	13,175	13,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,365	1,650	1,715	11,225	5,690	5,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,090	1,760	2,330	15,695	7,485	8,210
Location of study inside Canada	3,830	1,660	2,170	14,130	6,730	7,410
Same as province or territory of residence	2,415	1,070	1,350	9,205	4,240	4,965
Different than province or territory of residence	1,415	595	820	4,930	2,490	2,445
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	260	105	160	1,560	755	810
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	15	35	420	245	175
Philippines	105	45	60	105	20	85
India	10	0	0	55	25	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	15	20	220	115	105
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	60	25	30	725	335	390
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	12,125	5,675	6,455	43,170	21,320	21,850
In the labour force	7,480	3,725	3,755	25,395	13,380	12,015
Employed	6,640	3,330	3,310	23,110	11,960	11,145
Unemployed	845	395	445	2,285	1,420	865
Not in the labour force	4,645	1,945	2,700	17,770	7,940	9,835
Participation rate	61.7	65.6	58.2	58.8	62.8	55.0
Employment rate	54.8	58.7	51.3	53.5	56.1	51.0
Unemployment rate	11.3	10.6	11.9	9.0	10.6	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	12,125	5,670	6,455	43,170	21,320	21,850
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,170	1,725	2,445	15,770	6,865	8,910
Worked	7,955	3,945	4,010	27,390	14,450	12,940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,950	2,060	1,885	11,045	6,495	4,555
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,005	1,885	2,120	16,345	7,965	8,385
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	40.5	40.7	40.1	40.3	39.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	7,480	3,725	3,755	25,395	13,380	12,015
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	130	40	90	285	120	165
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	7,350	3,690	3,665	25,110	13,260	11,850
Employee	6,860	3,390	3,470	20,610	10,540	10,075
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	485	300	190	4,495	2,720	1,775
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	7,480	3,725	3,755	25,395	13,380	12,020
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	130	40	90	285	120	165
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	7,350	3,685	3,665	25,110	13,255	11,850
0 Management occupations	620	370	255	2,910	1,735	1,170
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,175	345	830	2,790	545	2,250
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	290	240	50	1,275	1,000	275
3 Health occupations	490	95	395	1,525	290	1,235
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	780	310	470	2,030	460	1,570
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	145	60	85	640	235	405
6 Sales and service occupations	2,075	805	1,275	6,325	2,295	4,030
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	965	885	80	5,180	4,815	365
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	225	190	40	1,320	970	350
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	580	385	190	1,115	910	200
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	7,480	3,725	3,755	25,395	13,380	12,015
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	130	40	85	285	125	165
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	7,350	3,690	3,665	25,110	13,255	11,850
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	235	180	55	1,390	990	395
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	25	0	500	425	75
22 Utilities	20	15	10	160	135	25
23 Construction	370	355	20	2,825	2,430	400
31-33 Manufacturing	1,095	790	305	2,225	1,745	475
41 Wholesale trade	120	100	25	400	285	110
44-45 Retail trade	1,140	530	610	3,120	1,300	1,820
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	150	135	15	1,450	1,195	255
51 Information and cultural industries	100	65	35	250	110	140
52 Finance and insurance	140	65	80	575	120	455
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	140	95	40	590	300	295
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	245	135	115	1,120	505	615
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	95	115	1,105	570	540
61 Educational services	435	155	280	1,335	355	980
62 Health care and social assistance	850	160	695	2,370	340	2,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	125	75	45	1,085	570	520
72 Accommodation and food services	685	220	460	2,535	900	1,635
81 Other services (except public administration)	275	100	175	1,165	530	630
91 Public administration	980	405	575	905	450	450
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,640	3,330	3,310	23,110	11,960	11,150
Worked at home	270	140	130	2,280	1,080	1,205
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	45	30	15
No fixed workplace address	470	360	110	4,010	3,005	1,005
Worked at usual place	5,885	2,825	3,060	16,780	7,850	8,930
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	5,885	2,825	3,060	16,780	7,850	8,930
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,230	1,785	2,445	10,645	4,780	5,860
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,160	735	425	3,735	1,650	2,085
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	380	215	165	2,030	1,165	870
Commute to a different province or territory	115	90	25	375	255	120
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	6,355	3,185	3,175	20,785	10,850	9,930
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,155	2,600	2,545	16,515	8,810	7,705
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	675	310	365	1,240	550	695
Public transit	30	15	15	220	105	120
Walked	380	175	200	1,420	580	835
Bicycle	45	40	0	865	465	400
Other method	75	35	40	525	345	180
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	6,355	3,185	3,170	20,790	10,850	9,930
Less than 15 minutes	4,425	2,015	2,410	11,575	5,525	6,055
15 to 29 minutes	1,200	730	470	4,910	2,525	2,390
30 to 44 minutes	255	155	105	2,035	1,190	850
45 to 59 minutes	290	165	125	720	490	235
60 minutes and over	190	120	65	1,530	1,125	410
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	6,355	3,185	3,175	20,790	10,850	9,935
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	400	240	160	1,590	1,205	380
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,410	795	615	3,720	2,535	1,185
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,975	1,035	940	5,225	2,775	2,450
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,075	415	665	4,720	1,700	3,015
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	510	190	315	2,240	795	1,445
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	985	505	480	3,300	1,840	1,465
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	8,135	4,030	4,110	28,355	14,865	13,490
Single responses	8,075	4,025	4,050	28,325	14,850	13,470
Official languages	8,060	4,020	4,040	28,280	14,835	13,445
English	7,975	3,995	3,980	28,190	14,795	13,395
French	85	20	60	90	35	50
Non-official languages	15	10	10	40	20	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	35	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	20	10	10
Chinese languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	0	55	35	15	20
English and French	50	0	55	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	8,140	4,030	4,110	28,360	14,865	13,490
None	7,825	3,905	3,925	27,700	14,575	13,125
English	60	15	50	80	20	55
French	220	90	125	390	170	220
Non-official language	30	20	10	170	100	70
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	15	15
Non-Aboriginal	25	20	0	135	80	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	14,350	6,815	7,535	49,770	24,690	25,080
Non-movers	12,105	5,720	6,385	42,125	20,940	21,180
Movers	2,250	1,095	1,150	7,650	3,750	3,900
Non-migrants	1,555	770	780	3,575	1,705	1,865
Migrants	695	325	370	4,070	2,035	2,030
Internal migrants	665	315	350	3,845	1,935	1,910
Intraprovincial migrants	420	190	230	2,395	1,150	1,245
Interprovincial migrants	250	125	120	1,450	790	660
External migrants	25	10	15	225	100	125
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	13,740	6,420	7,330	47,930	23,830	24,095
Non-movers	8,115	3,835	4,280	29,920	15,020	14,905
Movers	5,625	2,580	3,050	18,010	8,815	9,195
Non-migrants	3,405	1,545	1,865	7,210	3,470	3,740
Migrants	2,225	1,035	1,190	10,795	5,345	5,455
Internal migrants	1,990	940	1,055	10,080	4,995	5,090
Intraprovincial migrants	1,245	555	690	6,330	3,110	3,225
Interprovincial migrants	745	380	365	3,750	1,885	1,870
External migrants	230	100	130	715	355	365

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Summerside, CY [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island and Columbia-Shuswap, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Summerside, City [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Summerside, City [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Summerside, City [Census subdivision], Prince Edward Island and Columbia-Shuswap, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia