Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Trois-Rivières, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Sainte-Catherine, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Trois-Rivières, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Trois-Rivières, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	134,413	...	...	17,047	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	131,338	...	...	16,762	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.3	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	67,771	...	...	6,845	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	63,157	...	...	6,751	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	464.6	...	...	1,809.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	289.32	...	...	9.42	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	134,415	64,780	69,630	17,050	8,340	8,705
0 to 14 years	18,535	9,620	8,915	2,835	1,460	1,375
0 to 4 years	6,015	3,130	2,885	900	460	440
5 to 9 years	6,505	3,380	3,125	950	500	450
10 to 14 years	6,015	3,115	2,905	985	500	485
15 to 64 years	85,205	41,925	43,275	11,740	5,830	5,905
15 to 19 years	6,700	3,340	3,360	1,115	575	535
20 to 24 years	8,915	4,385	4,530	1,135	600	535
25 to 29 years	7,790	3,950	3,845	900	480	420
30 to 34 years	7,550	3,805	3,745	970	455	515
35 to 39 years	7,845	3,960	3,885	1,130	565	570
40 to 44 years	6,910	3,440	3,465	1,175	565	610
45 to 49 years	7,585	3,730	3,855	1,405	670	735
50 to 54 years	10,190	4,910	5,280	1,530	760	770
55 to 59 years	11,245	5,400	5,845	1,395	700	695
60 to 64 years	10,475	5,010	5,465	985	460	525
65 years and over	30,670	13,235	17,435	2,470	1,050	1,430
65 to 69 years	9,375	4,505	4,870	800	375	430
70 to 74 years	7,605	3,495	4,110	580	275	305
75 to 79 years	5,350	2,310	3,040	430	155	270
80 to 84 years	4,080	1,615	2,465	355	150	200
85 years and over	4,260	1,305	2,955	310	90	225
85 to 89 years	2,770	960	1,810	230	70	160
90 to 94 years	1,175	290	890	60	15	50
95 to 99 years	270	50	215	20	5	10
100 years and over	45	5	40	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.8	14.9	12.8	16.6	17.5	15.8
15 to 64 years	63.4	64.7	62.1	68.9	69.9	67.8
65 years and over	22.8	20.4	25.0	14.5	12.6	16.4
85 years and over	3.2	2.0	4.2	1.8	1.1	2.6
Average age of the population	44.8	43.2	46.2	40.5	39.1	41.7
Median age of the population	47.0	44.8	49.1	41.9	40.3	43.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	63,155	...	...	6,755	...	...
Single-detached house	26,810	...	...	3,835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,065	...	...	145	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	35,085	...	...	2,775	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,470	...	...	435	...	...
Row house	1,700	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,990	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	23,620	...	...	1,850	...	...
Other single-attached house	305	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	195	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	63,155	...	...	6,750	...	...
1 person	24,415	...	...	1,710	...	...
2 persons	23,165	...	...	2,265	...	...
3 persons	7,425	...	...	1,300	...	...
4 persons	5,750	...	...	1,050	...	...
5 or more persons	2,410	...	...	425	...	...
Number of persons in private households	129,005	...	...	16,665	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	115,880	55,160	60,715	14,210	6,880	7,330
Married or living common law	61,805	30,885	30,920	8,240	4,115	4,125
Married	33,260	16,655	16,610	4,630	2,320	2,310
Living common law	28,540	14,230	14,310	3,605	1,795	1,815
Not married and not living common law	54,075	24,280	29,800	5,975	2,765	3,210
Never married	35,010	18,195	16,815	4,085	2,205	1,880
Separated	1,600	730	865	195	80	110
Divorced	9,575	3,695	5,880	920	335	585
Widowed	7,890	1,655	6,235	780	145	640
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,625	...	...	4,940	...	...
2 persons	22,165	...	...	2,325	...	...
3 persons	6,900	...	...	1,245	...	...
4 persons	5,525	...	...	1,035	...	...
5 or more persons	2,035	...	...	335	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,625	...	...	4,940	...	...
Total couple families	30,115	...	...	4,035	...	...
Married couples	15,910	...	...	2,240	...	...
Common-law couples	14,200	...	...	1,795	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,510	...	...	905	...	...
Female parent	4,915	...	...	640	...	...
Male parent	1,595	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,110	...	...	4,035	...	...
Couples without children	17,960	...	...	1,780	...	...
Couples with children	12,150	...	...	2,260	...	...
1 child	5,090	...	...	955	...	...
2 children	5,130	...	...	980	...	...
3 or more children	1,930	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,510	...	...	905	...	...
1 child	4,200	...	...	545	...	...
2 children	1,810	...	...	290	...	...
3 or more children	495	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	31,080	14,705	16,375	2,370	1,090	1,275
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	63,155	...	...	6,755	...	...
One-census-family households	36,150	...	...	4,810	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	17,770	...	...	1,720	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	18,380	...	...	3,095	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	235	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	26,775	...	...	1,875	...	...
One-person households	24,415	...	...	1,710	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,355	...	...	165	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	132,700	64,095	68,610	16,980	8,320	8,655
English only	195	100	90	200	100	100
French only	91,235	41,100	50,140	8,760	4,000	4,760
English and French	41,030	22,790	18,240	7,980	4,200	3,775
Neither English nor French	240	100	135	45	20	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	132,700	64,095	68,605	16,985	8,320	8,655
English	1,600	790	805	820	410	410
French	130,250	62,860	67,390	15,780	7,715	8,060
English and French	615	345	275	350	180	170
Neither English nor French	235	95	140	35	15	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,910	965	945	995	500	490
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.5	1.4	5.9	6.0	5.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	132,700	64,095	68,610	16,980	8,320	8,655
Single responses	131,735	63,585	68,150	16,680	8,170	8,505
Official languages	128,450	61,950	66,500	15,580	7,615	7,960
English	1,465	710	755	630	315	320
French	126,980	61,235	65,745	14,950	7,305	7,645
Non-official languages	3,285	1,640	1,650	1,100	550	545
Aboriginal languages	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	150	65	85	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	155	65	85	0	0	0
Atikamekw	145	60	80	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,135	1,570	1,565	1,100	555	545
Afro-Asiatic languages	710	405	310	165	80	85
Berber languages	50	25	25	35	20	20
Kabyle	25	15	10	25	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	660	375	285	130	65	65
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	655	375	285	125	65	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	45	50	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	15	5	0	0
Vietnamese	70	35	40	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	30	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	5	5	10	5	5
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	15	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	40	45	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	70	30	45	15	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,545	730	815	745	375	370
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	50	75	120	55	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	125	50	70	115	55	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	10	5	10
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	30	10	15
Russian	40	15	25	70	35	35
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	35	40	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	5	15	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	20	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	50	20	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	15	5	10
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	10	15	10	5
Kurdish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,225	560	665	555	280	275
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15	45	30	20
Portuguese	100	50	50	65	30	35
Romanian	50	15	35	130	70	60
Spanish	1,030	470	565	310	150	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	365	200	165	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	5	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	30	25	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	60	65	0	0	0
Wolof	35	25	10	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	15	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	70	90	55	30	25
Chinese languages	155	70	85	60	30	30
Cantonese	30	10	15	10	5	5
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	45	60	35	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	20	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	970	510	460	305	155	150
English and French	575	300	270	155	80	80
English and non-official language	25	15	10	20	10	10
French and non-official language	350	180	165	105	50	50
English, French and non-official language	25	15	15	25	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	132,705	64,095	68,610	16,980	8,325	8,660
Single responses	131,380	63,400	67,975	16,470	8,080	8,395
Official languages	129,745	62,620	67,125	15,935	7,810	8,125
English	965	465	500	685	345	345
French	128,785	62,155	66,630	15,240	7,460	7,785
Non-official languages	1,630	780	850	545	270	270
Aboriginal languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Atikamekw	90	45	45	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,535	735	800	540	270	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	125	120	75	40	40
Berber languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Kabyle	15	5	10	20	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	220	115	110	55	30	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	225	110	110	55	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	5	0	5	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	15	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	925	430	485	385	195	190
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	25	35	70	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	30	35	75	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	10	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	10	5	5
Russian	20	10	10	50	25	25
Serbian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	0	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	10	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	5	5
Iranian languages	20	15	10	10	5	5
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	790	365	420	290	150	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	60	30	30	20	10	10
Romanian	15	5	5	90	50	40
Spanish	705	325	380	170	90	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	50	60	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	15	20	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	20	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	60	60	45	20	20
Chinese languages	120	60	60	45	20	25
Cantonese	20	5	10	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	50	45	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	5	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,325	695	630	510	240	260
English and French	490	265	230	170	85	90
English and non-official language	40	20	20	40	15	25
French and non-official language	715	365	350	250	125	125
English, French and non-official language	80	45	35	50	20	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	132,705	64,095	68,605	16,980	8,325	8,655
None	125,080	60,040	65,045	14,935	7,305	7,625
English	4,780	2,635	2,145	1,110	550	560
French	1,380	660	720	540	270	265
Non-official language	1,245	645	600	305	145	165
Aboriginal	50	20	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,190	625	570	310	145	165
English and French	50	25	30	35	15	15
English and non-official language	140	80	60	40	25	15
French and non-official language	25	10	15	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	110,500	53,335	57,165	13,830	6,770	7,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	107,400	51,985	55,415	13,290	6,520	6,775
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,563	36,154	25,529	38,211	44,533	32,057
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	107,445	51,990	55,455	13,295	6,520	6,775
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,606	31,996	23,739	33,339	37,696	28,791
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	93,380	46,585	46,795	12,280	6,170	6,110
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,695	33,172	22,490	35,007	42,350	28,369
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,115	39,525	46,590	9,510	4,185	5,325
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,303	7,833	8,652	5,649	4,414	6,749
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	71,975	37,075	34,900	10,630	5,425	5,205
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,640	32,610	25,069	37,256	44,077	31,098
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	110,495	53,330	57,165	13,830	6,775	7,060
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	107,220	51,945	55,275	13,305	6,550	6,755
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,018	45,702	32,736	42,949	49,056	37,024
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	107,255	51,950	55,305	13,310	6,550	6,760
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,660	37,465	28,147	35,404	39,655	31,284
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	93,325	46,615	46,705	12,360	6,195	6,165
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,591	43,735	29,460	40,061	46,898	33,192
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,095	39,655	46,440	9,535	4,195	5,340
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,931	8,454	9,338	7,988	7,344	8,494
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	71,980	37,085	34,890	10,635	5,425	5,210
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,484	41,416	31,242	41,709	47,958	35,194
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	110,495	53,330	57,165	13,830	6,775	7,055
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	30,580	16,555	14,025	5,175	2,745	2,430
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,725	50,384	40,131	49,288	54,613	42,695
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,387	58,470	45,206	54,198	60,956	46,553
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.6	85.8	76.2	86.7	90.4	81.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.9	65.1	60.2	77.1	80.2	73.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.4	14.2	23.8	13.3	9.6	18.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	110,495	53,335	57,165	13,830	6,770	7,055
Without total income	3,095	1,350	1,750	540	255	280
With total income	107,400	51,990	55,415	13,290	6,520	6,775
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.5	96.9	96.1	96.3	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,675	5,305	7,370	1,350	520	830
$10,000 to $19,999	22,785	8,580	14,205	2,005	765	1,240
$20,000 to $29,999	17,425	7,585	9,840	1,880	750	1,130
$30,000 to $39,999	14,610	7,185	7,430	1,730	840	890
$40,000 to $49,999	12,410	6,300	6,110	1,715	845	870
$50,000 to $59,999	8,460	4,710	3,750	1,435	775	650
$60,000 to $69,999	5,470	3,205	2,265	1,015	600	415
$70,000 to $79,999	4,310	2,570	1,740	755	455	300
$80,000 to $89,999	2,660	1,605	1,055	515	335	180
$90,000 to $99,999	1,760	1,235	525	305	210	95
$100,000 and over	4,840	3,705	1,135	590	430	165
$100,000 to $149,999	3,460	2,625	840	475	345	130
$150,000 and over	1,375	1,085	295	120	85	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	110,495	53,335	57,165	13,830	6,775	7,055
Without after-tax income	3,055	1,340	1,705	530	255	280
With after-tax income	107,445	51,990	55,455	13,300	6,520	6,775
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.5	97.0	96.2	96.2	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,400	5,410	7,990	1,395	530	865
$10,000 to $19,999	23,740	9,065	14,680	2,155	830	1,325
$20,000 to $29,999	21,180	9,620	11,560	2,325	980	1,340
$30,000 to $39,999	18,265	9,215	9,045	2,430	1,210	1,220
$40,000 to $49,999	12,410	6,800	5,615	1,995	1,085	910
$50,000 to $59,999	7,290	4,290	3,000	1,360	800	565
$60,000 to $69,999	4,595	2,740	1,860	815	515	295
$70,000 to $79,999	2,475	1,760	720	410	275	130
$80,000 and over	4,085	3,105	990	415	295	115
$80,000 to $89,999	1,420	1,045	370	175	125	50
$90,000 to $99,999	845	640	205	80	60	20
$100,000 and over	1,825	1,415	410	155	115	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	110,500	53,335	57,165	13,830	6,775	7,055
Without employment income	38,520	16,255	22,265	3,195	1,345	1,850
With employment income	71,980	37,075	34,900	10,630	5,430	5,205
Percentage with employment income	65.1	69.5	61.1	76.9	80.1	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,000	5,310	4,690	1,000	475	530
$5,000 to $9,999	5,930	2,545	3,385	750	295	455
$10,000 to $19,999	11,525	5,000	6,520	1,430	600	830
$20,000 to $29,999	9,740	4,440	5,300	1,230	515	710
$30,000 to $39,999	9,115	4,435	4,685	1,290	565	730
$40,000 to $49,999	7,005	3,555	3,450	1,265	635	625
$50,000 to $59,999	5,205	2,935	2,270	1,035	595	440
$60,000 to $69,999	3,595	2,065	1,525	840	510	335
$70,000 to $79,999	3,315	1,925	1,390	645	400	245
$80,000 and over	6,540	4,865	1,680	1,145	835	315
$80,000 to $89,999	1,770	1,145	625	390	285	110
$90,000 to $99,999	1,325	970	355	255	175	85
$100,000 and over	3,450	2,745	700	500	375	120
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	63,155	...	...	6,750	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,700	...	...	76,090	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,987	...	...	63,947	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	24,415	...	...	1,710	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,601	...	...	39,424	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,896	...	...	33,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	38,745	...	...	5,040	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,710	...	...	90,566	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,349	...	...	76,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	63,155	...	...	6,750	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,241	...	...	84,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,464	...	...	69,798	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	24,415	...	...	1,710	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,206	...	...	43,686	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,299	...	...	36,020	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	38,740	...	...	5,040	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,429	...	...	98,541	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,953	...	...	81,276	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	63,155	...	...	6,755	...	...
Under $5,000	700	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,420	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,145	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,385	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,925	...	...	240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,260	...	...	190	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,975	...	...	270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,605	...	...	285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,505	...	...	315	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,265	...	...	290	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,665	...	...	590	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,455	...	...	520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,895	...	...	555	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,195	...	...	525	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,645	...	...	450	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,125	...	...	2,180	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,790	...	...	920	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,920	...	...	555	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,755	...	...	505	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,660	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
Under $5,000	735	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,440	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,170	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,630	...	...	190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,395	...	...	270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,975	...	...	250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,680	...	...	350	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,490	...	...	375	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,070	...	...	375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,635	...	...	400	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,160	...	...	715	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,840	...	...	690	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,010	...	...	635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,040	...	...	550	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,390	...	...	465	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,500	...	...	1,315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,825	...	...	725	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,835	...	...	350	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,845	...	...	240	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	36,925	...	...	4,930	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,931	...	...	90,197	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,115	...	...	75,803	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	17,550	...	...	1,675	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,520	...	...	74,468	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,895	...	...	62,891	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,205	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,073	...	...	114,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,311	...	...	94,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,385	...	...	880	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,380	...	...	61,781	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,991	...	...	54,176	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	36,885	...	...	4,955	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,579	...	...	97,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,776	...	...	80,734	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	17,520	...	...	1,650	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,793	...	...	80,029	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,710	...	...	66,511	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,190	...	...	2,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,952	...	...	120,896	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,566	...	...	99,193	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,410	...	...	875	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,326	...	...	73,671	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,206	...	...	60,956	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	29,035	13,805	15,230	2,095	975	1,120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,848	27,278	23,282	37,541	42,517	31,808
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,605	25,204	22,509	32,595	36,016	28,459
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	29,100	13,820	15,275	2,000	900	1,100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,753	35,255	30,490	42,988	47,077	39,647
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,128	29,637	26,764	35,521	38,226	33,310
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	129,010	62,940	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
In the bottom half of the distribution	79,585	37,735	41,855	7,935	3,745	4,190
In the bottom decile	14,825	7,125	7,700	625	285	345
In the second decile	16,760	7,250	9,515	1,235	505	725
In the third decile	16,730	8,010	8,720	1,730	810	920
In the fourth decile	16,175	7,895	8,275	2,155	1,060	1,095
In the fifth decile	15,090	7,445	7,645	2,185	1,090	1,095
In the top half of the distribution	49,425	25,210	24,210	8,735	4,490	4,245
In the sixth decile	13,525	6,820	6,705	2,525	1,255	1,270
In the seventh decile	12,065	6,145	5,920	2,225	1,160	1,065
In the eighth decile	10,240	5,180	5,060	1,970	1,025	945
In the ninth decile	7,750	4,015	3,730	1,410	730	675
In the top decile	5,850	3,055	2,800	605	315	290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	129,010	62,945	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
0 to 17 years	22,220	11,490	10,730	3,455	1,775	1,690
0 to 5 years	7,295	3,800	3,495	1,070	540	535
18 to 64 years	80,725	39,555	41,165	11,105	5,515	5,590
65 years and over	26,065	11,900	14,165	2,105	950	1,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	23,245	10,495	12,755	1,175	485	695
0 to 17 years	3,890	2,055	1,825	245	120	120
0 to 5 years	1,290	705	580	80	35	45
18 to 64 years	13,900	6,550	7,350	650	285	360
65 years and over	5,460	1,885	3,575	280	75	205
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.0	16.7	19.3	7.1	5.9	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.5	17.9	17.0	7.1	6.8	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	17.7	18.6	16.6	7.5	6.5	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	17.2	16.6	17.9	5.9	5.2	6.4
65 years and over (%)	20.9	15.8	25.2	13.3	7.9	17.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,120	6,005	6,115	835	360	480
0 to 17 years	1,980	1,070	915	150	70	75
0 to 5 years	670	390	280	50	20	25
18 to 64 years	9,465	4,670	4,790	525	245	280
65 years and over	680	265	410	165	35	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.4	9.5	9.3	5.0	4.4	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	9.3	8.5	4.3	3.9	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	10.3	8.0	4.7	3.7	4.7
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	11.8	11.6	4.7	4.4	5.0
65 years and over (%)	2.6	2.2	2.9	7.8	3.7	10.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	129,010	62,940	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
Official languages	128,810	62,865	65,945	16,615	8,210	8,405
English	40,705	22,710	17,990	8,100	4,305	3,795
French	128,665	62,775	65,890	16,425	8,110	8,320
Non-official languages	7,540	3,505	4,035	1,820	870	950
Aboriginal languages	230	95	140	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	230	95	140	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	235	95	140	0	0	0
Atikamekw	230	95	140	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,305	3,415	3,890	1,825	875	950
Afro-Asiatic languages	990	590	405	245	110	135
Berber languages	90	55	30	25	10	15
Kabyle	55	30	25	15	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	10	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	950	555	390	230	110	120
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	940	550	385	220	100	120
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	60	50	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	45	30	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	30	15	45	35	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	40	25	10
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	10	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	175	100	80	65	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	150	85	60	65	30	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,075	2,205	2,870	1,245	600	640
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	230	100	130	220	105	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	225	100	125	225	105	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	10	10	20	10	10
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	10	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	50	20	30
Russian	140	70	70	155	65	85
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	315	165	150	55	20	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	30	10	20	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	260	145	115	40	20	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	65	40	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	80	30	45	30	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	20	10	10	10
Bengali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	20	25	25	10	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	25	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,480	1,900	2,580	955	470	485
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	325	155	165	115	65	50
Portuguese	200	110	95	85	60	30
Romanian	50	25	25	115	65	50
Spanish	4,075	1,695	2,375	675	295	375
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	45	35	15	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	505	295	215	40	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	35	30	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	75	45	35	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	50	70	10	0	0
Wolof	60	50	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	200	105	95	25	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	170	45	125	55	25	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	130	40	90	40	20	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	10	30	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	115	130	105	45	55
Chinese languages	245	115	125	105	45	60
Cantonese	35	20	15	30	15	15
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	205	90	115	70	30	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	0	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	10	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	129,010	62,945	66,070	16,665	8,235	8,430
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	126,460	61,545	64,920	16,430	8,125	8,310
Canadian citizens aged under 18	21,765	11,215	10,550	3,370	1,690	1,675
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	104,695	50,330	54,365	13,065	6,435	6,630
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,550	1,400	1,150	235	110	125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	129,010	62,945	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	123,740	60,245	63,500	15,380	7,625	7,755
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,560	2,270	2,290	1,255	595	655
Before 1981	600	315	285	235	115	120
1981 to 1990	285	140	145	175	80	100
1991 to 2000	540	270	275	270	135	135
2001 to 2010	1,810	835	975	480	225	250
2001 to 2005	650	255	395	230	110	125
2006 to 2010	1,160	585	580	245	120	135
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,320	710	615	100	50	55
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	710	425	280	30	15	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,560	2,270	2,290	1,250	595	655
Under 5 years	670	260	415	160	70	85
5 to 14 years	825	400	430	235	110	120
15 to 24 years	755	370	385	165	95	65
25 to 44 years	2,075	1,110	960	640	295	350
45 years and over	230	130	105	60	25	30
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,560	2,270	2,285	1,255	600	655
Americas	1,385	625	760	325	145	180
Brazil	65	30	35	10	0	10
Colombia	585	235	355	35	10	25
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	20	0	15
Haiti	125	35	90	35	15	15
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	85	45	40	15	10	10
Peru	15	10	10	20	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	180	100	80	40	20	15
Other places of birth in Americas	310	170	140	155	75	80
Europe	1,225	610	615	400	200	200
Bosnia and Herzegovina	40	20	20	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	665	330	330	90	45	50
Germany	45	25	25	15	10	0
Greece	50	45	10	10	10	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	40	25	15	30	25	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	30	15	20
Portugal	20	10	15	45	25	20
Romania	40	20	20	70	40	30
Russian Federation	10	10	0	30	15	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	10	45	0	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	0	15	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	220	105	115	75	30	50
Africa	1,310	775	540	320	170	150
Algeria	165	105	55	105	45	55
Egypt	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	295	170	130	70	35	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	840	485	350	140	90	55
Asia	635	270	365	200	75	125
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	220	60	155	45	15	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	20	10	15	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	10	10	0
Iraq	50	35	20	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	55	20	30	20	0	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	20	45	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	15	10	10
Viet Nam	65	40	25	15	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	120	80	40	45	25	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,320	705	615	100	45	55
Americas	300	130	165	15	0	15
Brazil	20	10	15	10	0	10
Colombia	140	55	85	10	0	0
Cuba	50	25	25	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	15	0	0	0
Europe	245	135	110	30	15	15
France	170	100	65	10	10	10
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	10	15	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Africa	565	345	220	45	30	15
Algeria	45	35	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	65	35	10	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	45	20	25	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	60	45	15	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	130	70	60	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	20	15	10	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	165	110	55	15	15	0
Asia	205	95	110	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	25	20	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	55	35	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	15	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	129,010	62,940	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,535	2,835	2,695	1,305	620	680
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,815	1,860	1,950	1,215	585	630
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	119,665	58,240	61,420	14,145	7,025	7,120
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,025	1,990	2,035	1,030	490	540
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,845	1,010	835	615	320	295
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	860	570	290	280	185	95
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	980	435	550	340	135	200
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,095	450	645	215	80	140
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,055	520	530	185	85	105
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	20	15	15	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	129,010	62,940	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,780	820	955	340	190	155
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,690	780	915	315	175	135
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,000	440	560	200	120	80
Métis	665	320	345	115	60	60
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	40	40	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	127,230	62,120	65,110	16,325	8,050	8,275
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	129,010	62,940	66,065	16,670	8,235	8,430
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	745	325	415	120	50	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	128,265	62,615	65,650	16,545	8,185	8,360
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	129,010	62,940	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,120	505	610	160	75	85
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,115	505	605	160	75	85
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,020	470	550	120	60	65
Métis single ancestry	95	35	55	30	15	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,570	1,690	1,875	635	260	370
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,485	1,660	1,835	625	250	375
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,045	1,450	1,595	530	205	330
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	410	200	210	90	50	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	80	35	45	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	30	35	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	124,320	60,745	63,575	15,870	7,900	7,970
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	129,010	62,945	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,540	2,325	2,210	1,190	585	600
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	150	75	70	20	10	15
Chinese	305	100	210	150	65	85
Black	1,810	975	840	375	195	175
Filipino	40	20	15	25	10	15
Latin American	1,090	515	575	235	125	110
Arab	780	455	320	255	115	140
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	205	110	90	30	10	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	15	20	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	20	10	30	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	15	30	40	30	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	25	20	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	124,470	60,615	63,855	15,480	7,650	7,830
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	129,005	62,945	66,065	16,665	8,235	8,430
North American Aboriginal origins	4,690	2,200	2,490	795	335	460
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,155	1,955	2,200	665	275	395
Inuit	45	15	35	0	0	0
Métis	575	265	305	135	70	70
Other North American origins	100,715	48,725	51,985	11,755	5,745	6,005
Acadian	755	350	400	45	25	25
American	510	235	270	70	25	45
Canadian	97,710	47,240	50,475	11,360	5,550	5,810
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	3,035	1,490	1,540	455	240	215
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	40,905	20,315	20,590	6,360	3,115	3,245
British Isles origins	8,245	4,030	4,220	1,580	650	935
Channel Islander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,905	1,010	895	360	125	235
Irish	5,140	2,495	2,650	985	410	580
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,975	990	985	415	170	245
Welsh	35	20	15	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	115	45	70	30	15	20
French origins	33,030	16,360	16,665	4,365	2,165	2,200
Alsatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Breton	255	120	140	35	30	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	32,835	16,250	16,580	4,330	2,140	2,190
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,475	1,190	1,290	365	145	215
Austrian	85	55	25	15	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	500	225	280	70	35	35
Dutch	165	115	50	30	10	25
Flemish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,525	720	795	260	100	160
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	270	120	145	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	240	130	110	20	15	0
Danish	20	15	0	10	0	10
Finnish	20	0	25	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	130	65	60	0	0	0
Swedish	45	30	10	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	35	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	655	295	360	440	215	225
Bulgarian	45	10	40	20	15	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	50	15	35
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	20	10	10
Moldovan	10	10	0	25	10	15
Polish	245	130	120	150	75	80
Romanian	55	35	20	115	60	50
Russian	100	45	55	70	30	35
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	155	60	100	65	25	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,220	1,150	1,065	900	470	425
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	260	140	125	55	25	25
Italian	1,195	605	590	620	310	305
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	210	125	90	155	105	50
Serbian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	545	270	270	100	50	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	95	55	40	55	15	35
Basque	15	10	10	10	0	0
Jewish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	25	25	25	0	20
Caribbean origins	560	220	340	195	105	95
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	10	20	15	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	85	40	45	35	15	15
Dominican	65	25	40	20	15	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	325	120	205	95	35	60
Jamaican	10	10	0	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	15	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,335	660	675	395	220	175
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	60	35	25	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	0	35	25	15
Brazilian	100	50	45	10	0	0
Chilean	55	35	20	60	20	40
Colombian	755	325	425	60	35	30
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	45	30	20
Hispanic	45	35	15	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	150	90	60	45	25	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peruvian	40	10	25	20	10	10
Salvadorean	10	10	10	45	35	15
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	15	0	25	20	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	30	0	0	0	0
African origins	2,445	1,415	1,035	460	215	240
Central and West African origins	1,015	590	430	115	70	45
Akan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	10	0	0
Burkinabe	25	0	15	15	10	10
Cameroonian	195	110	90	30	15	20
Chadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	270	155	110	15	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	70	30	45	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	70	30	40	15	10	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	105	65	35	15	10	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	85	60	30	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	65	55	15	30	25	0
Wolof	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	140	65	70	10	0	0
North African origins	925	555	370	220	90	130
Algerian	210	125	90	65	20	45
Berber	125	80	45	45	15	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	0	10	0	10
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	425	235	195	80	45	35
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	160	105	55	20	0	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	195	105	85	75	35	45
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burundian	50	30	20	10	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	35	10	25	50	30	20
Mauritian	35	20	15	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	50	30	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	335	180	155	55	20	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	330	180	150	50	25	25
Asian origins	1,340	655	685	520	220	290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	600	350	250	220	85	135
Afghan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	195	100	95	130	55	70
Armenian	20	15	10	10	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	70	40	30	10	0	0
Iraqi	60	40	25	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	90	70	30	10	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	90	40	50	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	40	10	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	100	25	80	25	10	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	90	25	70	30	10	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	655	290	360	265	130	140
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese	375	120	250	150	75	80
Filipino	25	15	0	20	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	40	15	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	10	15	0	15
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	65	50	35	25	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	10	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
Owner	35,320	...	...	5,140	...	...
Renter	27,840	...	...	1,610	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
Condominium	5,375	...	...	1,055	...	...
Not condominium	57,780	...	...	5,695	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
No bedrooms	260	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	10,055	...	...	520	...	...
2 bedrooms	20,140	...	...	2,070	...	...
3 bedrooms	20,760	...	...	2,660	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,940	...	...	1,460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	63,160	...	...	6,755	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	22,655	...	...	1,770	...	...
5 rooms	12,065	...	...	1,090	...	...
6 rooms	6,835	...	...	920	...	...
7 rooms	6,950	...	...	1,145	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,650	...	...	1,825	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	63,160	...	...	6,755	...	...
One person or fewer per room	63,055	...	...	6,720	...	...
More than 1 person per room	100	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
Suitable	62,215	...	...	6,610	...	...
Not suitable	945	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
1960 or before	15,035	...	...	320	...	...
1961 to 1980	20,805	...	...	1,625	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,405	...	...	1,355	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,255	...	...	2,295	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,895	...	...	440	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,055	...	...	415	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,705	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	59,495	...	...	6,475	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,665	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	63,160	...	...	6,750	...	...
1 household maintainer	42,630	...	...	3,820	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,055	...	...	2,870	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	475	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	63,155	...	...	6,750	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,185	...	...	75	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,615	...	...	855	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,775	...	...	1,340	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,940	...	...	1,675	...	...
55 to 64 years	13,680	...	...	1,440	...	...
65 to 74 years	11,020	...	...	860	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,350	...	...	395	...	...
85 years and over	1,595	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	63,035	...	...	6,745	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	50,600	...	...	5,610	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	12,435	...	...	1,135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	11,335	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35,275	...	...	5,140	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.1	...	...	73.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.8	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	839	...	...	1,178	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	920	...	...	1,152	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,625	...	...	250,596	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	189,903	...	...	259,711	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,840	...	...	1,610	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.6	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.3	...	...	38.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	582	...	...	827	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	618	...	...	897	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	110,495	53,330	57,170	13,830	6,775	7,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,310	9,550	10,755	3,120	1,595	1,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,955	10,760	13,195	3,385	1,640	1,750
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	66,235	33,020	33,220	7,325	3,540	3,790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20,505	12,755	7,745	2,645	1,660	985
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	14,725	8,195	6,530	1,955	1,085	870
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,775	4,565	1,205	690	575	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,690	9,375	12,315	2,565	1,030	1,535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,100	1,625	2,470	425	165	260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,945	9,255	10,685	1,690	685	1,005
Bachelor's degree	13,515	6,025	7,490	1,210	495	720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,340	615	730	190	60	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	740	425	320	15	10	0
Master's degree	3,575	1,720	1,850	265	115	145
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	770	470	295	15	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,990	33,900	35,090	9,560	4,700	4,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,250	4,310	3,940	1,440	825	615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,390	6,005	6,385	2,170	990	1,180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,350	23,585	24,760	5,960	2,890	3,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	15,245	9,230	6,010	2,135	1,310	825
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,050	5,920	5,130	1,595	860	730
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,195	3,310	880	540	450	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,955	6,435	8,525	1,980	830	1,150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,575	1,090	1,490	340	135	210
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,570	6,830	8,735	1,500	615	885
Bachelor's degree	10,475	4,540	5,935	1,100	460	640
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,000	395	610	165	45	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	620	315	310	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,880	1,255	1,625	225	105	120
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	590	335	255	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	110,500	53,330	57,165	13,830	6,775	7,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,260	20,310	23,950	6,500	3,235	3,270
Education	5,770	1,535	4,230	460	70	385
13. Education	5,770	1,535	4,230	460	70	390
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,840	810	1,035	230	105	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	335	235	100	40	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	1,505	575	930	190	80	115
Humanities	3,295	1,465	1,830	305	55	250
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	385	95	290	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	65	35	35	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,665	735	930	210	45	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	220	150	70	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	230	130	100	10	0	15
54. History	220	155	65	15	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	510	170	345	30	10	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,365	1,625	3,745	555	140	410
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	115	40	80	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	680	290	395	85	30	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,185	65	1,125	185	20	170
22. Legal professions and studies	550	240	310	85	25	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	240	50	190	20	0	15
42. Psychology	1,765	465	1,300	45	10	30
45. Social sciences	830	480	345	135	60	75
Business, management and public administration	14,980	5,130	9,850	1,670	575	1,095
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	875	215	655	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,095	4,910	9,185	1,630	570	1,060
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,300	1,340	955	165	90	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	775	345	430	45	10	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	120	40	25	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	625	310	315	35	25	10
40. Physical sciences	625	500	125	50	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	120	70	50	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,840	1,205	630	295	215	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,410	1,030	380	275	210	65
25. Library science	245	40	200	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	140	90	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	45	45	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15,395	14,310	1,085	1,905	1,750	155
04. Architecture and related services	355	220	130	45	10	30
14. Engineering	1,895	1,610	285	230	200	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,250	2,950	300	345	305	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,310	3,225	85	505	495	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,610	3,480	130	470	440	25
48. Precision production	2,980	2,825	155	305	295	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,425	920	505	70	30	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	655	340	315	55	15	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	770	580	190	20	15	0
Health and related fields	9,060	2,035	7,020	955	135	820
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	755	420	335	50	30	15
51. Health professions and related programs	8,050	1,470	6,585	910	105	800
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	260	150	105	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,965	2,630	2,330	725	380	345
12. Personal and culinary services	2,785	705	2,075	365	85	280
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	885	755	140	200	145	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,285	1,170	115	155	145	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,990	33,900	35,090	9,565	4,700	4,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,640	10,315	10,330	3,600	1,810	1,795
Education	3,535	895	2,640	375	55	320
13. Education	3,535	895	2,640	375	55	320
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,355	625	730	185	90	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	250	175	70	35	20	20
50. Visual and performing arts	1,105	445	660	155	70	85
Humanities	1,885	805	1,080	165	35	130
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	265	55	215	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	45	20	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	855	415	440	80	20	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	140	90	40	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	60	35	10	0	10
54. History	145	100	50	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	335	65	265	25	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,220	1,270	2,950	445	125	320
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	90	35	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	590	240	350	75	25	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	890	40	850	140	10	130
22. Legal professions and studies	435	180	250	75	25	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	160	35	125	10	0	10
42. Psychology	1,405	370	1,035	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	645	365	280	105	50	50
Business, management and public administration	11,490	3,695	7,790	1,395	440	955
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	620	140	480	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,865	3,560	7,310	1,360	440	920
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,340	790	560	115	65	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	605	250	350	40	10	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	65	20	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	95	50	45	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	480	375	100	45	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	40	40	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,535	1,010	530	280	205	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,255	910	345	265	200	65
25. Library science	185	25	160	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	45	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	25	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,120	10,175	945	1,545	1,415	125
04. Architecture and related services	280	155	125	30	10	20
14. Engineering	1,555	1,290	265	220	190	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,385	2,135	255	295	260	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	10	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,375	2,320	60	345	335	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,505	2,400	110	385	365	20
48. Precision production	2,010	1,875	130	270	255	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,170	715	455	60	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	540	270	270	45	15	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	625	440	190	15	15	0
Health and related fields	6,810	1,575	5,230	790	110	675
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	575	305	270	40	25	20
51. Health professions and related programs	6,030	1,175	4,860	745	85	660
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	200	95	105	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,895	2,035	1,860	610	320	285
12. Personal and culinary services	2,120	485	1,635	290	65	230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	695	575	125	185	135	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,070	965	100	130	120	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	110,495	53,335	57,165	13,830	6,775	7,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,265	20,315	23,950	6,505	3,235	3,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	66,235	33,020	33,215	7,325	3,540	3,785
Location of study inside Canada	64,450	31,990	32,460	6,915	3,345	3,570
Same as province or territory of residence	63,620	31,505	32,110	6,715	3,235	3,480
Different than province or territory of residence	835	490	350	195	105	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,780	1,030	755	410	195	220
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	190	140	50	40	15	25
Philippines	20	20	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	35	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	30	10	0	10
France	470	255	210	50	25	20
Other	985	545	440	320	150	170
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,990	33,900	35,085	9,565	4,700	4,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,645	10,315	10,330	3,600	1,810	1,795
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,350	23,590	24,760	5,960	2,890	3,070
Location of study inside Canada	46,915	22,790	24,125	5,610	2,725	2,885
Same as province or territory of residence	46,300	22,450	23,850	5,435	2,630	2,805
Different than province or territory of residence	610	340	275	175	90	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,435	800	635	355	165	185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	80	35	30	10	20
Philippines	20	25	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	25	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	30	10	0	0
France	350	185	165	45	25	20
Other	845	455	390	265	125	140
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	110,495	53,335	57,165	13,830	6,770	7,055
In the labour force	65,120	33,270	31,850	9,980	5,175	4,805
Employed	60,240	30,280	29,960	9,460	4,845	4,615
Unemployed	4,880	2,995	1,890	520	325	195
Not in the labour force	45,380	20,060	25,320	3,850	1,600	2,250
Participation rate	58.9	62.4	55.7	72.2	76.4	68.1
Employment rate	54.5	56.8	52.4	68.4	71.6	65.4
Unemployment rate	7.5	9.0	5.9	5.2	6.3	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	110,495	53,335	57,165	13,830	6,775	7,060
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	42,845	18,790	24,060	3,550	1,505	2,040
Worked	67,650	34,545	33,110	10,280	5,270	5,010
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	31,090	16,840	14,250	5,240	2,800	2,440
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	36,560	17,700	18,855	5,045	2,470	2,575
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.4	42.8	43.9	44.0	43.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	65,120	33,275	31,845	9,985	5,170	4,810
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,835	920	920	160	80	75
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	63,280	32,355	30,930	9,825	5,090	4,735
Employee	57,005	28,785	28,220	9,050	4,665	4,390
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,280	3,570	2,705	770	430	340
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	65,115	33,270	31,845	9,980	5,175	4,805
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,840	920	920	160	85	75
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	63,280	32,355	30,930	9,825	5,095	4,735
0 Management occupations	5,205	3,280	1,925	825	510	320
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,610	2,995	6,615	1,755	505	1,255
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,550	2,790	760	610	500	110
3 Health occupations	5,630	1,150	4,480	580	50	525
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,220	2,615	5,605	1,005	265	735
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,540	725	820	220	95	135
6 Sales and service occupations	16,650	7,075	9,580	2,500	1,125	1,380
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	8,975	8,520	455	1,705	1,600	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	540	440	95	60	50	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,360	2,760	595	555	390	165
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	65,120	33,275	31,845	9,980	5,170	4,810
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,835	920	915	160	80	75
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	63,280	32,355	30,925	9,825	5,095	4,730
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	515	345	170	25	20	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	120	10	15	15	0
22 Utilities	885	710	180	90	75	10
23 Construction	3,500	3,135	365	685	605	85
31-33 Manufacturing	7,260	5,745	1,515	1,235	860	375
41 Wholesale trade	1,685	1,285	400	440	305	130
44-45 Retail trade	8,610	3,925	4,685	1,475	745	735
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,450	2,025	425	655	475	180
51 Information and cultural industries	1,435	785	650	255	130	125
52 Finance and insurance	1,960	755	1,200	470	165	310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	725	435	285	125	65	65
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,200	1,845	1,350	605	300	305
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	20	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,515	1,505	1,015	395	260	140
61 Educational services	5,485	1,895	3,590	590	140	450
62 Health care and social assistance	10,050	2,075	7,980	1,135	145	985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,105	570	535	185	105	80
72 Accommodation and food services	4,960	2,025	2,935	540	230	315
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,065	1,335	1,730	360	155	205
91 Public administration	3,715	1,830	1,885	520	290	235
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	60,240	30,280	29,955	9,460	4,845	4,615
Worked at home	3,120	1,425	1,685	445	180	270
Worked outside Canada	140	90	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,790	3,580	1,215	800	580	220
Worked at usual place	52,185	25,175	27,005	8,220	4,090	4,130
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	52,185	25,175	27,005	8,220	4,090	4,125
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	40,815	18,470	22,345	785	380	405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	600	340	260	2,300	1,010	1,295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,700	6,315	4,385	5,125	2,705	2,425
Commute to a different province or territory	70	55	15	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	56,975	28,755	28,220	9,015	4,670	4,350
Car, truck, van - as a driver	49,895	25,425	24,470	7,635	4,095	3,540
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,005	820	1,185	300	110	190
Public transit	1,470	555	910	780	320	465
Walked	2,625	1,300	1,325	175	80	90
Bicycle	485	380	110	45	35	10
Other method	500	275	225	75	25	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	56,975	28,755	28,220	9,015	4,670	4,350
Less than 15 minutes	25,100	11,740	13,360	2,265	1,035	1,230
15 to 29 minutes	22,015	10,985	11,035	2,695	1,370	1,320
30 to 44 minutes	6,155	3,505	2,650	2,290	1,390	905
45 to 59 minutes	1,355	825	535	990	510	475
60 minutes and over	2,350	1,700	645	780	365	420
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	56,975	28,750	28,220	9,020	4,670	4,350
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,050	1,550	505	1,020	780	240
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,400	5,685	2,715	2,160	1,210	945
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20,975	10,280	10,695	2,370	1,085	1,285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,195	4,760	7,435	1,280	485	795
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,730	1,810	2,920	630	255	375
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,630	4,675	3,950	1,555	850	705
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	69,410	35,435	33,975	10,500	5,385	5,120
Single responses	68,235	34,775	33,460	9,665	4,925	4,735
Official languages	68,170	34,735	33,435	9,640	4,920	4,720
English	975	590	380	560	295	265
French	67,195	34,145	33,050	9,085	4,630	4,455
Non-official languages	70	35	30	20	0	15
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	15	15	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	25	30	20	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,175	665	510	835	455	380
English and French	1,110	630	480	820	450	370
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	25	15	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	69,405	35,440	33,975	10,500	5,380	5,115
None	59,900	29,615	30,285	6,495	3,385	3,105
English	8,575	5,310	3,270	3,480	1,735	1,750
French	705	415	295	440	225	215
Non-official language	155	65	90	70	30	40
Aboriginal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	150	65	85	70	30	45
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	35	25	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	127,930	62,395	65,530	16,465	8,120	8,345
Non-movers	110,990	54,160	56,835	14,930	7,400	7,535
Movers	16,935	8,240	8,695	1,530	720	810
Non-migrants	12,020	5,850	6,170	600	300	300
Migrants	4,915	2,395	2,525	935	420	515
Internal migrants	4,500	2,165	2,340	895	405	490
Intraprovincial migrants	4,405	2,100	2,305	890	400	490
Interprovincial migrants	100	60	35	0	0	10
External migrants	410	230	180	40	20	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	123,230	59,845	63,385	15,785	7,805	7,980
Non-movers	76,990	37,480	39,505	10,920	5,590	5,325
Movers	46,245	22,360	23,880	4,865	2,220	2,650
Non-migrants	31,375	15,335	16,040	1,765	785	985
Migrants	14,865	7,030	7,835	3,100	1,430	1,670
Internal migrants	13,105	6,145	6,965	2,990	1,390	1,605
Intraprovincial migrants	12,815	6,000	6,810	2,950	1,375	1,580
Interprovincial migrants	295	145	150	35	15	25
External migrants	1,760	890	875	115	45	65

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Trois-Rivières, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Sainte-Catherine, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 10, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Trois-Rivières, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec