Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Alberta [Province]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberta [Province]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	4,067,175	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	3,645,257	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	11.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	1,654,129	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	1,527,678	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	6.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	640,330.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	4,067,175	2,039,410	2,027,765
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	779,155	399,570	379,580
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	266,515	136,520	129,995
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	270,715	138,990	131,725
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	241,920	124,060	117,860
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	2,787,805	1,408,150	1,379,655
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	240,035	123,625	116,410
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	261,830	133,990	127,840
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	310,940	156,715	154,225
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	333,175	167,555	165,620
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	305,505	153,655	151,850
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	281,205	142,545	138,660
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	269,030	135,855	133,180
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	284,310	142,205	142,100
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	275,540	138,565	136,970
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	226,230	113,440	112,790
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	500,215	231,690	268,530
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	173,680	85,500	88,180
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	117,035	56,430	60,610
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	83,955	39,105	44,845
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	62,165	27,590	34,575
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	63,385	23,065	40,320
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	39,965	16,050	23,915
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	18,025	5,755	12,275
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	4,735	1,145	3,595
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	650	115	535
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	19.2	19.6	18.7
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	68.5	69.0	68.0
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	12.3	11.4	13.2
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	1.6	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	37.8	37.2	38.4
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	36.7	36.2	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	946,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	62,395	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	471,090	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	86,765	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	116,625	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	43,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	223,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	1,245	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	47,970	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	366,080	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	524,415	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	245,075	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	233,770	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	158,335	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	3,978,145	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	3,288,020	1,639,835	1,648,185
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	1,969,300	988,410	980,895
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	1,648,945	828,155	820,790
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	320,350	160,250	160,100
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	1,318,720	651,430	667,290
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	905,700	505,310	400,390
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	76,150	34,000	42,150
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	195,850	82,040	113,815
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	141,020	30,080	110,940
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	540,850	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	235,245	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	227,165	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	111,330	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	1,114,585	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	953,325	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	793,195	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	160,130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	161,260	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	123,490	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	37,770	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	953,325	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	443,665	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	509,655	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	190,010	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	213,910	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	105,735	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	161,260	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	97,180	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	45,235	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	18,845	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	678,535	356,875	321,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	1,039,985	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	414,570	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	625,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	36,120	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	451,570	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	366,080	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	85,490	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	3,698,765	1,869,670	1,829,095
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	3,895	1,725	2,165
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	264,720	124,400	140,315
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	59,280	24,715	34,565
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	3,880,685	1,950,980	1,929,705
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	71,535	37,205	34,330
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	16,605	8,350	8,255
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	57,830	23,970	33,860
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	79,840	41,380	38,455
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	2.0	2.0	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	3,934,580	1,975,615	1,958,970
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	3,063,640	1,552,475	1,511,165
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	2,991,485	1,515,025	1,476,460
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	72,150	37,450	34,705
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	870,940	423,140	447,805
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	23,835	11,290	12,550
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	18,295	8,665	9,630
Blackfoot	5	10	0	2,750	1,305	1,445
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	14,960	7,105	7,850
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	10	0	5
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	50	15	35
Plains Cree	10	0	5	720	280	435
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	50	20	35
Woods Cree	5	0	0	910	430	480
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	13,220	6,355	6,865
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	30	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	35	20	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	550	235	315
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway	230	105	120	525	230	300
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	15	5	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	1,865	865	1,000
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	1,855	860	990
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	35	15	15
Carrier	0	5	0	15	0	15
Chilcotin	5	0	5	5	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	1,470	710	760
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	40	10	30
Gwich'in	5	0	5	15	5	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	70	20	45
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	200	90	115
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	10	5	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	155	70	80
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	25
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	120	35	85
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Inuktitut	30	10	20	60	20	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	30
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	10	10	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	5	5	5
Oneida	5	0	5	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	80	45	35
Salish languages	5	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	3,370	1,630	1,745
Dakota	5	0	0	350	165	185
Stoney	0	0	0	3,020	1,460	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	847,105	411,850	435,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	68,415	36,215	32,200
Berber languages	220	130	90	340	190	145
Kabyle	105	60	50	165	90	75
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	175	100	75
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	12,525	6,495	6,030
Bilen	80	45	35	315	185	130
Oromo	1,005	490	515	2,650	1,375	1,275
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	9,520	4,915	4,605
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	40	20	20
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	55,425	29,450	25,980
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	7,320	3,605	3,720
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	40,540	21,840	18,705
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	400	210	190
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	145	80	65
Harari	930	435	490	260	135	120
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	960	505	460
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	75	30	40
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	5,415	2,880	2,535
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	305	155	145
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	130	80	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	25,295	11,760	13,535
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	1,925	910	1,010
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	23,350	10,840	12,505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	25	10	15
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	115,405	50,190	65,210
Bikol	470	210	260	425	205	225
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	5,135	2,155	2,980
Fijian	55	25	25	125	75	50
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	1,500	640	855
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	5,350	2,310	3,040
Malagasy	25	15	15	35	10	25
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	1,460	615	845
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	765	370	390
Pangasinan	450	185	270	290	115	175
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	99,035	43,120	55,920
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	305	145	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	980	430	550
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	1,895	990	910
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	95	45	50
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	1,175	640	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	625	305	325
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	13,490	7,075	6,415
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	535	270	265
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	6,345	3,285	3,060
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	4,430	2,360	2,070
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	2,130	1,135	995
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	50	25	25
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	105	55	45
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	442,685	220,330	222,355
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	2,345	1,270	1,075
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	500	250	245
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	80,330	37,750	42,580
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	1,010	475	535
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	415	195	220
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	600	285	315
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	79,325	37,275	42,050
Belarusan	355	170	185	65	30	30
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	1,835	915	920
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	1,545	790	755
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	4,655	2,340	2,320
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	3,000	1,430	1,575
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	360	185	175
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	20,130	9,425	10,705
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	17,810	8,150	9,665
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	4,020	2,035	1,985
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	970	480	485
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	2,185	1,070	1,115
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	695	320	370
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	21,835	9,985	11,850
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	215	120	100
Celtic languages	460	210	250	370	200	170
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	135	70	65
Welsh	150	65	85	175	85	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	65	40	25
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	104,260	51,525	52,735
Afrikaans	985	475	510	3,010	1,475	1,535
Danish	1,570	710	855	2,380	1,245	1,135
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	16,135	8,095	8,045
Frisian	135	60	75	360	200	160
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	80,050	39,435	40,615
Icelandic	85	40	45	115	55	60
Norwegian	380	170	210	815	370	445
Swedish	1,140	485	660	875	405	470
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	320	150	170
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	140	70	70
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	55	30	25
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	3,130	1,655	1,475
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	166,805	85,250	81,560
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	145,900	74,320	71,580
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	7,000	3,630	3,370
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	13,140	6,785	6,355
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	17,055	8,675	8,385
Kashmiri	275	140	140	105	60	50
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	370	190	185
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	1,510	775	730
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	5,175	2,690	2,490
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	190	100	90
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	68,695	34,935	33,760
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	2,770	1,300	1,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	2,590	1,320	1,265
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	27,295	13,865	13,430
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	19,600	10,235	9,365
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	1,550	845	705
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	2,560	1,320	1,235
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	15,490	8,070	7,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	1,310	695	615
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	84,940	42,425	42,515
Catalan	165	90	75	75	30	45
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	11,375	5,760	5,615
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	9,050	4,380	4,670
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	8,035	4,080	3,955
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	56,370	28,160	28,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	35	20	15
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	4,875	1,715	3,160
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	230	130	105
Georgian	1,110	595	515	230	130	100
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	17,920	8,485	9,435
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	545	255	290
Mongolian	345	155	190	540	255	290
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	15,360	7,870	7,495
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	1,755	915	835
Bamanankan	60	30	30	35	20	15
Edo	1,020	410	610	275	155	120
Ewe	370	185	190	245	145	100
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	230	120	100
Ga	440	200	245	145	80	65
Ganda	515	245	270	280	145	135
Igbo	1,520	775	750	1,165	625	540
Lingala	375	175	200	270	130	140
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	605	305	295
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	805	405	400
Shona	680	325	355	1,100	545	555
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	2,380	1,160	1,215
Wolof	160	90	80	280	165	110
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	2,435	1,305	1,125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	3,370	1,640	1,735
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	2,720	1,395	1,330
Dinka	45	25	15	1,345	705	640
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	1,375	685	690
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	830	440	390
American Sign Language	470	250	220	335	165	165
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	495	275	225
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	122,450	57,740	64,705
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	120,375	56,675	63,700
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	59,145	27,755	31,385
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	990	465	530
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	50,660	23,940	26,720
Min Dong	765	370	395	115	50	65
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	3,060	1,375	1,695
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	630	305	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	5,725	2,770	2,955
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	40	15	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	2,075	1,065	1,005
Burmese	1,005	450	555	430	230	200
Karenic languages	265	125	140	795	415	380
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	575	295	275
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	275	130	140
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	2,670	955	1,710
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	1,020	485	535
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	1,630	465	1,165
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	20	10	15
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	4,050	2,250	1,800
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	365	215	155
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	3,140	1,760	1,375
Uyghur	385	195	195	130	70	60
Uzbek	595	300	295	205	115	90
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	215	95	120
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	7,470	3,600	3,870
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	190	90	105
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	810	330	480
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	6,470	3,185	3,285
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	690	415	280
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	92,070	44,900	47,175
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	10,230	4,950	5,280
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	77,520	37,815	39,705
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	2,685	1,375	1,305
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	1,640	760	880
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	4,026,655	2,020,510	2,006,145
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	3,837,615	1,928,230	1,909,385
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	3,354,885	1,690,490	1,664,395
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	3,327,255	1,676,360	1,650,895
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	27,630	14,130	13,500
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	482,725	237,740	244,990
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	9,970	4,940	5,020
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	7,175	3,575	3,605
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,110	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	5,875	2,925	2,945
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	20	10	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	125	60	60
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	600	300	295
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	5,120	2,540	2,575
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	190	95	95
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	185	90	95
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	620	320	300
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	620	325	300
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	5	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	540	280	260
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	5	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	5	0	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	2,125	1,025	1,095
Dakota	0	0	0	175	85	85
Stoney	0	0	0	1,945	935	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	472,760	232,800	239,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	43,770	22,535	21,235
Berber languages	65	30	30	200	105	95
Kabyle	35	15	15	90	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	105	60	45
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	9,220	4,750	4,470
Bilen	40	15	20	280	160	115
Oromo	545	250	290	2,075	1,060	1,015
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	6,850	3,520	3,325
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	15	5	10
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	34,310	17,660	16,655
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	4,915	2,390	2,530
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	24,230	12,555	11,675
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	260	130	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	95	50	40
Harari	520	235	285	165	80	85
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	460	235	225
Maltese	875	395	475	15	10	10
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	3,955	2,095	1,860
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	210	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	45	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	16,355	7,635	8,715
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	960	460	500
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	15,380	7,175	8,205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	60,860	28,765	32,100
Bikol	85	35	45	70	40	35
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	2,110	1,015	1,090
Fijian	10	10	5	45	25	20
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	470	215	255
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	1,975	935	1,035
Malagasy	10	5	5	20	10	10
Malay	1,455	705	750	405	205	195
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	220	110	110
Pangasinan	80	35	40	45	20	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	55,105	26,005	29,100
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	125	60	60
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	280	120	155
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	970	495	475
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	50	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	655	345	310
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	270	125	140
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	8,460	4,335	4,125
Kannada	830	415	410	210	105	105
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	4,060	2,070	1,990
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	2,915	1,515	1,395
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	1,245	635	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	30	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	70	35	35
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	230,270	115,280	114,995
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	1,060	570	485
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	215	115	105
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	30,220	14,820	15,400
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	410	210	200
Latvian	600	245	355	165	85	80
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	250	125	120
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	29,815	14,610	15,205
Belarusan	125	60	65	15	10	5
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	785	400	385
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	825	415	405
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	1,800	905	895
Czech	1,415	685	730	875	440	430
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	175	90	85
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	7,705	3,675	4,030
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	10,145	4,965	5,175
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	2,100	1,045	1,055
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	315	160	155
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	710	345	365
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	150	70	75
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	4,180	2,060	2,110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	55	30	25
Celtic languages	65	35	30	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	15	15	5
Welsh	20	5	10	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	10	5	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	40,915	20,280	20,625
Afrikaans	265	125	145	1,705	835	875
Danish	135	65	75	150	75	75
Dutch	655	300	350	1,980	985	1,000
Frisian	5	0	0	60	30	30
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	36,295	18,010	18,290
Icelandic	20	5	15	30	15	15
Norwegian	45	15	20	60	20	35
Swedish	220	100	120	145	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	60	30	25
Yiddish	350	175	175	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	425	215	210
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	1,015	490	525
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	111,975	56,535	55,445
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	98,610	49,790	48,815
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	4,530	2,300	2,225
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	8,025	4,085	3,935
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	9,945	5,115	4,825
Kashmiri	50	25	25	50	20	25
Konkani	440	215	230	75	40	40
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	845	440	405
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	3,710	1,905	1,805
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	95	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	51,010	25,720	25,295
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	1,240	575	665
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	1,480	750	730
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	17,600	8,795	8,810
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	12,720	6,415	6,305
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	850	440	410
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	1,640	845	795
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	10,230	5,135	5,100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	650	325	325
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	44,830	22,445	22,385
Catalan	80	40	45	35	10	20
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	2,840	1,275	1,560
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	3,905	1,875	2,030
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	4,135	2,115	2,020
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	33,910	17,160	16,755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	10	5	5
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	2,245	945	1,300
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	160	85	70
Georgian	745	405	335	160	85	70
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	12,775	6,205	6,570
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	335	160	175
Mongolian	200	100	95	335	155	175
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	5,600	2,725	2,875
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	845	415	430
Bamanankan	15	10	10	10	10	0
Edo	295	115	175	70	35	35
Ewe	95	40	55	80	45	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	105	55	45
Ga	150	65	85	40	20	20
Ganda	155	70	85	95	50	50
Igbo	410	205	205	265	125	145
Lingala	95	40	55	85	35	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	280	135	145
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	350	175	170
Shona	235	115	125	410	190	225
Swahili	1,225	540	690	1,090	530	565
Wolof	80	45	35	170	95	75
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	690	340	350
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	1,015	485	535
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	1,525	765	755
Dinka	15	5	5	800	420	380
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	725	350	375
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	1,095	630	465
American Sign Language	720	375	345	325	170	155
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	765	455	310
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	82,380	39,230	43,155
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	80,880	38,455	42,420
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	38,275	17,810	20,460
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	315	135	185
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	37,125	18,030	19,095
Min Dong	240	105	135	20	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	1,245	540	705
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	340	175	165
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	3,550	1,760	1,785
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	1,500	770	730
Burmese	575	260	310	280	145	130
Karenic languages	215	105	110	665	340	320
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	420	220	200
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	140	65	75
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	1,130	505	625
Lao	1,050	505	540	465	215	245
Thai	575	255	320	655	285	370
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	10	5	10
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	2,390	1,270	1,120
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	155	90	75
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	1,945	1,030	915
Uyghur	225	120	105	80	45	40
Uzbek	315	165	145	135	70	65
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	70	35	25
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	2,130	1,040	1,085
Estonian	650	240	410	25	10	15
Finnish	510	220	290	105	50	50
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	1,995	980	1,015
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	240	140	95
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	189,040	92,280	96,760
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	6,885	3,410	3,475
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	178,070	86,895	91,170
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	1,125	540	580
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	2,965	1,430	1,530
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	4,026,650	2,020,510	2,006,140
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	3,492,295	1,760,240	1,732,055
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	221,305	110,655	110,650
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	41,840	19,470	22,375
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	262,255	125,640	136,615
Aboriginal	480	205	275	17,430	8,325	9,105
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	244,825	117,315	127,510
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	1,535	775	760
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	4,545	2,345	2,195
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	2,795	1,340	1,455
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	85	50	40
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	3,053,470	1,528,275	1,525,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	42,717	54,891	33,213
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	38,067	47,131	30,478
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	2,839,590	1,458,560	1,381,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	42,330	54,528	32,099
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	1,785,065	711,210	1,073,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	4,093	3,834	4,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,030
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	42,679	54,361	32,982
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	3,054,555	1,528,100	1,526,455
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	62,778	80,001	45,535
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	3,055,230	1,528,240	1,526,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	50,683	62,938	38,417
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	2,840,675	1,458,210	1,382,465
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	62,997	80,282	44,766
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	1,784,345	710,105	1,074,240
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,175	7,298	7,093
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	2,473,665	1,299,805	1,173,855
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	59,343	74,073	43,031
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	1,152,385	669,770	482,615
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	64,090	73,781	53,836
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	81,586	94,822	63,218
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	93.3	95.8	89.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	76.5	78.9	72.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	6.7	4.2	10.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	152,585	74,410	78,170
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	3,053,470	1,528,280	1,525,190
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	95.2	95.4	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	389,580	146,450	243,130
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	385,235	147,125	238,110
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	364,915	142,810	222,105
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	305,680	131,185	174,490
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	286,615	133,715	152,900
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	247,830	124,720	123,115
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	205,840	114,405	91,430
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	165,640	99,645	65,995
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	132,720	82,700	50,020
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	114,010	70,655	43,350
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	455,410	334,865	120,550
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	274,185	191,710	82,475
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	181,225	143,150	38,075
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,365
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	151,915	74,270	77,645
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	3,054,135	1,528,420	1,525,715
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	95.3	95.4	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	399,005	149,280	249,725
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	402,780	154,330	248,450
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	420,955	166,650	254,300
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	377,590	169,665	207,925
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	347,960	172,595	175,365
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	276,970	153,985	122,985
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	208,265	127,045	81,220
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	160,580	100,970	59,610
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	460,030	333,895	126,140
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	121,015	78,400	42,620
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	82,020	57,375	24,645
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	257,000	198,120	58,875
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	3,206,050	1,602,690	1,603,360
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	732,385	301,060	431,330
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	2,473,665	1,301,630	1,172,035
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	77.2	81.2	73.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	273,835	122,830	151,005
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	164,095	68,100	95,990
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	274,105	113,680	160,430
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	235,620	96,855	138,760
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	227,450	100,650	126,805
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	219,155	103,680	115,475
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	195,145	99,285	95,860
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	163,465	92,950	70,515
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	135,150	83,240	51,910
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	585,640	420,365	165,280
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	111,045	71,210	39,835
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	99,785	62,305	37,480
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	374,815	286,855	87,960
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	93,835	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	80,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	366,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	47,948	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	41,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	1,161,600	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	111,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	94,830	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	125,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	101,361	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	365,000	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	64,341	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	52,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	1,162,675	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	144,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	116,821	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	21,660	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	13,555	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	18,070	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	33,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	51,505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	38,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	42,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	46,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	46,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	46,825	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	95,425	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	95,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	92,345	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	88,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	84,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	712,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	184,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	142,910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	181,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	202,745	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	23,395	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	13,860	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	18,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	34,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	55,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	44,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	50,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	55,645	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	57,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	59,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	119,200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	116,250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	112,675	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	106,235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	95,600	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	565,335	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	192,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	132,240	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	240,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	1,099,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	109,997	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	93,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	407,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	101,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	86,043	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	511,375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	133,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	111,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	146,045	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	62,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	57,079	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	1,101,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	144,493	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	116,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	408,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	137,805	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	110,236	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	512,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	169,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	135,623	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	145,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	80,406	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	68,470	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	577,475	308,835	268,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	42,598	47,903	37,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	37,648	41,340	33,785
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	573,385	306,195	267,190
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	56,856	63,468	49,280
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	46,559	50,990	41,481
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,650
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	1,527,695	739,210	788,485
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	293,490	143,880	149,605
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	278,635	128,055	150,575
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	297,695	142,090	155,605
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	315,570	154,815	160,760
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	342,305	170,375	171,935
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	2,450,450	1,259,285	1,191,160
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	366,250	183,860	182,390
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	397,275	201,465	195,810
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	443,585	227,385	216,200
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	522,545	268,995	253,555
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	720,795	377,585	343,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	3,925,220	1,971,735	1,953,485
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	893,255	458,330	434,925
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	310,080	158,825	151,260
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	2,580,730	1,298,440	1,282,295
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	451,235	214,965	236,265
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	363,890	171,945	191,940
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	114,215	58,665	55,555
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	41,755	21,350	20,400
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	210,870	98,415	112,455
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	38,800	14,875	23,925
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	9.3	8.7	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	12.8	12.8	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	13.5	13.4	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	8.2	7.6	8.8
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	8.6	6.9	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	273,515	134,180	139,335
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	76,930	39,385	37,550
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	28,190	14,420	13,770
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	181,805	88,715	93,095
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	14,780	6,085	8,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	7.0	6.8	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	9.1	9.1	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	7.0	6.8	7.3
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	3.3	2.8	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	3,920,530	1,974,435	1,946,095
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	3,916,805	1,972,800	1,944,005
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	264,600	123,940	140,660
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	1,082,425	527,770	554,655
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	36,465	17,415	19,045
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	29,675	14,120	15,555
Blackfoot	10	0	0	5,575	2,665	2,905
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	23,465	11,155	12,310
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	25	0	15
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	90	20	70
Plains Cree	50	30	20	1,580	620	965
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	45	25	25
Woods Cree	15	10	0	1,135	525	610
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	20,665	9,990	10,675
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	35	15	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	35	15	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	955	425	530
Algonquin	15	10	10	10	10	0
Ojibway	675	270	405	925	415	505
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	20	10	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	2,640	1,255	1,385
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	2,630	1,250	1,380
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Beaver	0	0	0	85	50	35
Carrier	0	0	0	45	10	35
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dene	10	0	10	2,010	975	1,035
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	75	30	45
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Slavey	0	0	0	190	90	100
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	35	45
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	20	10	10	135	50	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	15	0	0	60	20	35
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	40	25	20
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	40	25	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	35	25	0
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	145	75	70
Salish languages	10	0	0	50	25	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	15	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	4,050	2,005	2,045
Dakota	10	0	0	530	285	245
Stoney	0	0	10	3,650	1,790	1,855
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	35	15	15
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	10	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	1,046,245	510,495	535,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	96,210	50,675	45,535
Berber languages	245	135	110	540	335	205
Kabyle	80	40	40	225	125	90
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	315	210	110
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	15,445	8,055	7,385
Bilen	85	50	35	370	235	135
Oromo	1,390	590	800	3,125	1,625	1,500
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	12,030	6,240	5,795
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	55	20	40
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	82,200	43,405	38,800
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	10,870	5,595	5,275
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	62,730	33,365	29,370
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	430	225	210
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	150	70	75
Harari	1,250	635	620	340	150	185
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	3,250	1,650	1,600
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	145	85	55
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	7,315	3,915	3,400
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	450	250	205
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	375	225	145
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	32,730	15,440	17,290
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	2,700	1,375	1,330
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	30,150	14,130	16,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	145,745	63,615	82,130
Bikol	580	260	325	330	150	180
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	6,690	2,940	3,750
Fijian	50	20	30	340	195	145
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	1,760	745	1,020
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	7,370	3,160	4,215
Malagasy	90	45	45	80	40	40
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	3,040	1,435	1,610
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	1,185	565	625
Pangasinan	450	200	255	445	190	250
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	138,440	60,115	78,325
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	420	170	245
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	1,160	505	650
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	4,585	2,390	2,195
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	255	140	115
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	2,675	1,425	1,250
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	1,680	840	850
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	18,190	9,660	8,525
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	1,035	520	515
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	8,150	4,255	3,900
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	7,195	3,900	3,295
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	2,910	1,560	1,345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	150	80	70
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	115	55	55
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	550,490	274,510	275,980
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	2,880	1,550	1,325
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	530	255	275
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	93,150	44,750	48,395
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	1,360	660	705
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	590	300	290
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	775	360	415
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	92,300	44,340	47,960
Belarusan	945	495	450	200	95	105
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	2,880	1,450	1,435
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	1,795	945	850
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	6,280	3,260	3,025
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	3,590	1,650	1,940
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	535	270	265
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	23,650	11,455	12,195
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	27,375	13,195	14,175
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	5,355	2,630	2,730
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	1,095	550	540
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	2,780	1,495	1,285
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	735	360	375
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	26,600	11,980	14,620
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	250	120	130
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	1,180	615	560
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	440	215	225
Welsh	235	115	125	315	180	130
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	450	220	225
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	112,670	56,325	56,345
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	5,165	2,655	2,515
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	2,800	1,360	1,440
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	19,480	9,595	9,890
Frisian	195	75	115	475	275	205
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	83,010	41,905	41,105
Icelandic	130	55	75	160	70	95
Norwegian	960	460	500	1,450	635	810
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	1,635	800	835
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	380	170	215
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	250	130	115
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	2,115	1,095	1,015
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	4,935	2,535	2,400
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	206,725	106,045	100,675
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	186,005	95,045	90,960
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	8,530	4,385	4,140
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	18,005	8,945	9,055
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	61,290	31,900	29,385
Kashmiri	475	240	235	125	80	45
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	625	300	320
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	2,575	1,385	1,195
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	5,510	3,000	2,510
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	255	135	120
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	90,485	46,350	44,135
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	4,595	2,065	2,530
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	3,800	1,925	1,875
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	41,235	21,245	20,000
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	22,140	11,665	10,475
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	1,930	1,100	825
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	3,330	1,795	1,530
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	17,600	9,220	8,375
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	1,760	960	805
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	142,340	69,885	72,450
Catalan	315	165	150	170	95	80
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	19,900	9,875	10,020
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	12,670	6,255	6,415
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	9,915	5,185	4,735
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	104,445	50,960	53,490
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	250	130	125
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	9,215	4,115	5,100
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	225	130	100
Georgian	1,465	740	725	230	130	100
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	19,950	9,405	10,545
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	800	375	430
Mongolian	445	190	255	800	370	430
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	29,430	14,980	14,450
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	2,925	1,505	1,420
Bamanankan	200	110	90	60	30	30
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	620	325	290
Ewe	520	270	250	335	170	165
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	300	165	135
Ga	1,005	490	515	345	190	155
Ganda	865	410	455	610	305	305
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	2,550	1,345	1,210
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	1,240	640	605
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	830	420	410
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	1,155	605	550
Shona	1,175	515	655	1,810	850	960
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	6,700	3,470	3,235
Wolof	415	185	230	600	365	235
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	5,930	3,035	2,890
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	6,585	3,265	3,320
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	3,070	1,495	1,575
Dinka	85	65	25	1,655	825	825
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	1,425	675	750
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	5,910	2,350	3,555
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	3,085	1,130	1,955
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	2,855	1,230	1,625
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	141,860	67,945	73,915
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	139,385	66,700	72,685
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	74,770	35,490	39,280
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	1,180	515	660
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	70,510	33,310	37,195
Min Dong	710	285	425	85	50	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	4,140	1,765	2,380
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	855	380	470
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	6,335	3,160	3,175
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	55	25	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	2,590	1,290	1,300
Burmese	1,325	600	720	605	305	295
Karenic languages	245	115	135	805	415	390
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	860	430	430
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	445	215	235
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	3,705	1,510	2,195
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	1,520	730	795
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	2,400	850	1,545
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	45	25	25
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	5,795	3,180	2,625
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	630	325	300
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	4,255	2,420	1,835
Uyghur	490	225	265	290	135	155
Uzbek	815	440	375	425	200	225
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	355	170	180
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	8,895	4,315	4,575
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	185	85	105
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	1,045	455	590
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	7,660	3,770	3,890
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	1,820	1,025	790
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	3,622,740	1,825,135	1,797,600
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	854,815	439,065	415,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	2,767,920	1,386,070	1,381,850
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	355,410	173,365	182,045
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	3,062,775	1,550,445	1,512,335
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	845,220	412,320	432,895
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	163,460	81,620	81,840
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	86,350	41,690	44,660
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	131,560	62,930	68,630
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	256,055	125,235	130,820
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	109,145	53,425	55,720
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	146,910	71,810	75,100
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	207,790	100,845	106,945
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	70,155	35,735	34,420
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	845,220	412,320	432,895
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	82,175	42,200	39,975
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	149,815	77,820	71,995
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	168,965	78,215	90,755
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	372,805	180,265	192,535
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	71,450	33,820	37,630
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	845,215	412,325	432,895
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	103,540	49,345	54,190
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	2,545	1,100	1,440
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	9,535	4,570	4,960
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	7,255	3,725	3,530
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	2,555	1,200	1,355
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	1,270	675	600
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	6,845	3,170	3,680
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	15,665	7,860	7,805
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	1,920	780	1,140
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	3,415	1,670	1,750
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	30,460	13,675	16,785
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	22,075	10,925	11,150
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	189,770	95,355	94,415
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	4,555	2,325	2,230
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	3,080	1,615	1,465
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	2,535	1,215	1,320
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	19,205	9,485	9,715
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	2,005	1,115	890
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	3,665	1,880	1,785
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	3,935	2,100	1,835
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	8,110	4,370	3,745
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	14,035	7,420	6,610
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	16,925	8,045	8,880
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	4,050	1,985	2,070
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	7,725	3,930	3,795
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	7,260	3,135	4,125
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	2,255	1,080	1,170
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	8,150	3,700	4,455
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	59,215	30,280	28,935
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	23,060	11,670	11,390
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	89,740	46,705	43,030
Algeria	1,240	650	595	1,340	715	625
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	5,320	2,940	2,375
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	10,570	5,355	5,215
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	5,120	2,555	2,565
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	1,695	1,005	695
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	12,405	6,520	5,880
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	7,060	3,665	3,395
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	7,355	3,670	3,685
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	38,865	20,275	18,590
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	452,225	215,955	236,265
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	5,190	2,765	2,430
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	5,085	2,590	2,500
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	57,690	26,510	31,185
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	19,110	9,265	9,850
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	91,660	46,625	45,035
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	8,910	4,655	4,250
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	5,935	3,205	2,730
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	3,065	905	2,160
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	13,850	6,530	7,320
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	10,395	5,640	4,750
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	28,075	14,630	13,445
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	123,830	54,075	69,755
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	4,835	2,475	2,365
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	4,800	2,515	2,280
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	3,455	1,460	2,000
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	27,080	12,645	14,435
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	39,250	19,485	19,765
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	9,940	4,950	4,990
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	207,790	100,845	106,945
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	20,060	9,660	10,400
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	860	370	490
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	2,295	1,020	1,275
Cuba	1,200	535	660	465	215	255
Haiti	865	415	450	385	240	150
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	1,660	765	895
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	4,405	2,250	2,150
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	4,645	2,130	2,515
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	1,570	745	820
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	3,785	1,930	1,855
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	20,870	10,830	10,045
France	1,400	675	725	425	240	180
Germany	915	490	420	1,370	710	655
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	1,355	835	520
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	715	365	350
Romania	1,490	590	900	1,100	545	555
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	1,235	430	805
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	2,340	1,060	1,280
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	6,225	3,570	2,650
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	6,100	3,065	3,040
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	27,770	14,165	13,610
Algeria	205	95	115	255	115	135
Cameroon	805	355	450	1,055	515	545
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	805	365	440
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	420	210	210
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	1,940	1,045	895
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	2,390	1,335	1,055
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	3,445	1,670	1,780
Morocco	365	145	220	515	265	250
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	6,110	3,200	2,910
Somalia	1,155	555	600	2,120	1,110	1,010
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	1,590	800	785
Tunisia	125	90	40	255	135	125
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	6,870	3,400	3,470
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	137,110	65,055	72,050
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	810	435	375
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	1,355	635	715
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	10,525	4,700	5,825
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	750	305	450
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	28,820	14,915	13,900
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	3,265	1,665	1,600
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	2,010	1,045	960
Israel	1,665	880	785	480	250	230
Japan	965	265	700	665	195	475
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	3,840	1,710	2,125
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	1,470	755	710
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	2,615	1,380	1,240
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	6,910	3,420	3,490
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	59,390	26,960	32,435
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	820	435	385
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	1,345	650	695
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	3,340	1,705	1,630
Taiwan	760	300	460	505	165	340
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	390	215	180
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	810	430	375
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	2,040	795	1,240
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	4,965	2,285	2,680
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	1,980	1,135	845
Australia	1,005	615	390	1,065	600	465
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	915	535	375
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,650
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	938,500	460,015	478,480
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	742,455	374,065	368,390
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	2,297,195	1,164,420	1,132,775
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	694,945	337,380	357,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	387,275	195,845	191,430
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	154,700	96,855	57,850
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	232,570	98,990	133,575
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	198,575	81,650	116,920
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	103,785	57,130	46,650
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	5,320	2,745	2,570
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,650
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	258,640	125,445	133,195
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	253,460	123,115	130,340
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	136,585	65,755	70,835
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	114,370	56,170	58,200
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	2,500	1,195	1,305
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	2,905	1,350	1,555
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	2,280	975	1,300
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	3,719,505	1,873,055	1,846,450
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	123,235	59,065	64,170
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	3,854,915	1,939,430	1,915,475
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	3,978,145	1,998,500	1,979,645
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	103,600	50,680	52,915
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	99,940	48,860	51,070
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	81,685	39,815	41,870
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	17,515	8,690	8,820
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	735	355	380
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	3,665	1,820	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	3,490	1,725	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	105	55	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	20	0	15
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	200,215	97,055	103,160
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	189,830	92,295	97,530
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	104,875	50,595	54,280
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	82,585	40,530	42,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	2,365	1,170	1,195
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	10,385	4,760	5,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	9,760	4,465	5,295
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	310	155	155
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	270	110	160
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	40	25	20
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	3,674,330	1,850,760	1,823,570
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	3,978,145	1,998,495	1,979,645
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	933,165	461,460	471,705
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	230,930	118,535	112,390
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	158,200	77,035	81,165
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	129,390	66,960	62,440
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	166,195	74,770	91,425
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	55,090	27,560	27,525
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	56,700	30,245	26,450
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	43,985	21,025	22,960
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	20,980	11,010	9,965
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	21,275	10,130	11,145
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	12,165	5,495	6,670
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	9,900	4,700	5,205
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	28,360	13,985	14,375
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	3,044,980	1,537,040	1,507,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	3,978,150	1,998,500	1,979,645
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	303,815	147,735	156,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	200,290	96,845	103,445
Inuit	1,360	645	710	3,900	1,915	1,985
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	113,735	55,590	58,150
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	955,040	486,735	468,305
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	5,545	2,970	2,570
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	72,355	35,480	36,875
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	902,315	460,335	441,975
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	1,985	1,135	850
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	190	115	70
Ontarian	645	370	275	110	65	45
Québécois	1,570	780	785	1,380	750	630
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	415	210	205
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	2,580,720	1,292,280	1,288,440
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	1,581,265	787,205	794,060
Channel Islander	445	235	210	225	115	115
Cornish	205	105	95	210	90	115
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	899,440	444,010	455,440
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	596,750	288,710	308,040
Manx	815	475	345	945	450	495
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	704,205	347,740	356,460
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	80,455	38,715	41,740
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	90,865	44,055	46,815
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	411,560	201,160	210,395
Alsatian	355	140	215	200	120	80
Breton	60	35	20	60	25	35
Corsican	60	30	30	125	65	70
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	411,315	201,030	210,290
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	915,185	455,115	460,065
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	39,530	19,225	20,305
Bavarian	155	65	85	110	60	55
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	21,210	10,320	10,890
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	195,720	97,735	97,990
Flemish	910	430	475	2,005	870	1,140
Frisian	400	230	165	685	380	305
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	712,955	353,755	359,195
Luxembourger	305	145	155	680	355	320
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	24,310	11,905	12,410
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	830	390	440
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	329,990	159,695	170,295
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	60,380	29,240	31,135
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	17,755	8,780	8,975
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	20,225	10,050	10,175
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	156,595	75,160	81,430
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	97,840	46,445	51,385
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	13,515	7,005	6,505
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	685,270	336,430	348,845
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	2,935	1,510	1,425
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	2,200	1,165	1,035
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	20,865	10,405	10,460
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	10,055	4,800	5,255
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	2,715	1,240	1,470
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	56,270	27,385	28,885
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	3,245	1,585	1,660
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	6,090	2,915	3,175
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	1,585	790	790
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	186,510	91,115	95,395
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	34,230	16,520	17,710
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	107,800	51,840	55,960
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	11,010	5,495	5,515
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	369,090	181,600	187,490
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	1,910	1,015	895
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	215,725	107,495	108,230
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	2,935	1,555	1,385
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	3,870	1,985	1,890
Catalan	160	105	60	85	55	25
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	14,220	7,535	6,690
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	160	90	70
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	15,025	7,790	7,235
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	101,265	50,975	50,285
Kosovar	485	255	225	420	210	210
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	1,015	485	535
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	1,560	845	715
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	290	185	105
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	22,385	11,395	10,985
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	7,755	3,875	3,875
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	330	160	170
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	3,885	2,010	1,875
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	48,055	22,225	25,835
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	5,120	2,495	2,625
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	245	120	125
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	22,805	11,700	11,105
Basque	815	400	415	425	210	215
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	9,780	4,890	4,885
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	465	220	245
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	995	505	490
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	11,255	5,940	5,310
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	36,120	18,050	18,070
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	455	265	190
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	310	180	130
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	2,065	980	1,080
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	210	120	90
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	135	45	85
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	2,175	1,110	1,060
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	930	530	395
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	595	300	295
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	2,235	1,210	1,025
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	17,325	8,540	8,785
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	95	65	30
Martinican	160	50	105	10	0	0
Montserratan	440	210	230	30	10	25
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	460	225	240
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	595	295	300
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	5,180	2,685	2,490
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	535	215	325
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	2,670	1,275	1,395
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	2,305	1,110	1,200
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	78,405	39,030	39,375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	1,980	965	1,015
Arawak	710	315	395	105	30	70
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	1,385	705	680
Belizean	355	170	185	445	250	190
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	590	305	285
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	3,030	1,330	1,700
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	8,105	4,115	3,990
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	12,585	6,060	6,525
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	575	270	305
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	890	405	485
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	2,395	1,270	1,120
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	3,095	1,545	1,555
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	1,785	905	885
Honduran	1,750	810	940	760	405	355
Maya	1,135	555	575	580	310	275
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	22,475	11,430	11,045
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	1,675	825	855
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	320	150	170
Paraguayan	305	140	160	340	155	190
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	2,740	1,245	1,495
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	8,810	4,545	4,270
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	315	180	135
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	4,690	2,295	2,390
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	3,430	1,735	1,695
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	136,510	70,620	65,885
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	33,170	17,430	15,735
Akan	700	395	305	130	80	50
Angolan	1,030	490	535	295	155	140
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	130	70	55
Beninese	370	190	180	200	90	105
Burkinabe	100	45	55	100	50	50
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	2,040	1,010	1,035
Chadian	185	95	90	75	55	20
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	4,095	2,100	1,990
Edo	935	490	445	555	320	235
Ewe	160	90	70	125	70	55
Gabonese	45	10	35	25	10	20
Gambian	545	255	295	110	60	50
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	4,470	2,365	2,100
Guinean	680	335	340	455	235	215
Ibo	1,495	775	720	1,760	935	825
Ivorian	615	285	330	655	355	295
Liberian	335	140	200	1,040	495	540
Malian	260	140	125	70	45	25
Malinké	220	105	120	95	55	45
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	13,010	6,815	6,200
Peulh	60	40	20	105	70	35
Senegalese	535	280	255	575	370	205
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	740	395	345
Togolese	315	205	105	150	70	80
Wolof	45	25	25	70	45	25
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	2,990	1,600	1,385
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	1,865	985	875
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	23,235	12,305	10,935
Algerian	1,700	835	870	1,620	805	815
Berber	680	365	315	685	415	270
Coptic	1,815	935	885	225	115	110
Dinka	35	25	10	565	320	250
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	8,525	4,515	4,010
Libyan	1,275	685	600	1,300	665	635
Maure	235	130	105	95	70	25
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	2,510	1,380	1,130
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	7,070	3,695	3,375
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	940	480	455
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	575	315	260
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	56,560	29,285	27,275
Afrikaner	340	175	170	315	155	160
Amhara	500	240	260	450	240	215
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	700	395	310
Burundian	710	385	325	975	555	420
Djiboutian	205	95	115	170	90	75
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	7,960	4,250	3,715
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	13,225	6,710	6,510
Harari	460	250	210	165	85	80
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	2,175	1,035	1,140
Malagasy	180	75	100	125	55	70
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	550	310	235
Oromo	830	370	460	1,355	765	595
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	1,420	745	675
Seychellois	165	65	95	35	25	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	14,100	7,315	6,790
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	6,635	3,310	3,320
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	1,030	525	505
Tigrian	410	210	200	700	380	320
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	1,155	645	510
Zambian	385	195	190	265	155	110
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	2,590	1,300	1,285
Zulu	205	100	110	295	135	160
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	3,875	2,010	1,870
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	26,150	12,995	13,155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	2,525	1,220	1,305
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	23,960	11,950	12,010
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	756,335	370,390	385,945
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	97,355	51,035	46,315
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	8,540	4,545	3,995
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	10,470	5,690	4,780
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	1,780	865	910
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	560	300	255
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	615	280	335
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	400	230	165
Hazara	515	280	235	365	190	170
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	13,925	7,220	6,705
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	6,165	3,250	2,915
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	1,565	830	740
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	1,325	670	655
Kazakh	975	445	530	565	260	310
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	2,040	1,160	880
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	185	110	80
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	200	110	90
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	32,365	16,835	15,525
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	4,880	2,675	2,210
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	645	305	345
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	390	205	180
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	7,215	3,605	3,610
Tajik	1,425	670	755	265	160	105
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	530	215	315
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	5,745	3,155	2,595
Turkmen	405	205	200	105	55	50
Uighur	545	255	290	270	125	140
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	485	225	260
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	930	440	485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	2,445	1,305	1,140
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	231,550	118,855	112,695
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	4,155	2,085	2,070
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	1,660	870	790
Bhutanese	150	80	65	815	410	400
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	174,510	89,140	85,370
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	495	265	225
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	855	445	410
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	720	355	365
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	4,600	2,490	2,110
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	29,265	15,075	14,190
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	15,645	8,230	7,420
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	750	400	355
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	5,585	2,885	2,695
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	1,050	565	485
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	4,845	2,500	2,335
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	431,135	202,400	228,735
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	1,270	650	615
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	4,260	2,245	2,015
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	188,280	90,735	97,545
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	175,130	79,150	95,975
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	3,005	1,425	1,575
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	16,595	7,510	9,085
Karen	265	115	145	740	390	345
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	22,410	10,655	11,755
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	2,050	1,020	1,030
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	2,970	1,340	1,630
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	1,565	725	835
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	370	180	190
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	1,995	855	1,140
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	2,735	980	1,750
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	965	500	465
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	36,780	17,720	19,060
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	735	385	345
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	3,115	1,580	1,530
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	3,115	1,585	1,530
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	15,500	7,825	7,680
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	7,785	3,975	3,810
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	2,905	1,535	1,370
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	5,150	2,510	2,635
Fijian	1,185	495	690	3,325	1,580	1,745
Hawaiian	225	115	115	425	190	235
Maori	200	105	90	640	325	320
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	205	105	95
Samoan	90	45	50	280	180	100
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	375	195	180
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	1,105,795	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	412,150	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	9,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	256,015	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	1,271,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	5,440	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	139,820	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	322,370	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	540,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	519,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	358,650	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	238,870	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	224,335	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	201,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	504,270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	1,494,875	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	32,805	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	1,527,675	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	1,458,550	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	69,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	177,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	439,505	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	193,360	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	216,410	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	157,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	180,645	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	162,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	1,440,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	87,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	873,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	605,830	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	48,725	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	1,527,680	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	53,955	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	281,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	307,930	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	310,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	288,480	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	169,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	86,970	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	28,585	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	1,479,270	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	1,170,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	308,485	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	268,795	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	1,075,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	65.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,481	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,531	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	400,104	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	449,790	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	410,225	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	10.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	36.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,243	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,279	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	540,665	284,020	256,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	895,885	440,665	455,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	1,769,500	878,130	891,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	309,465	242,160	67,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	94,735	56,255	38,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	214,730	185,905	28,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	615,480	250,590	364,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	94,620	36,875	57,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	749,930	348,510	401,425
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	530,085	235,610	294,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	39,955	18,075	21,880
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	21,850	11,810	10,045
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	133,265	67,215	66,055
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	24,770	15,805	8,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	244,755	136,085	108,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	569,435	283,290	286,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	1,443,635	711,655	731,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	238,220	189,180	49,035
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	69,415	42,445	26,970
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	168,805	146,740	22,065
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	496,375	203,350	293,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	73,315	29,315	44,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	635,730	289,810	345,920
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	448,235	197,045	251,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	32,095	14,155	17,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	18,855	9,505	9,350
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	116,975	57,230	59,740
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	19,570	11,875	7,695
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	1,436,545	724,680	711,865
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	121,930	29,000	92,930
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	121,930	29,000	92,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	49,660	20,960	28,705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	9,130	6,305	2,820
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	40,535	14,650	25,885
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	69,305	27,480	41,830
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	6,790	1,620	5,170
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	15,110	4,270	10,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	20,660	7,275	13,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	225	105	125
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	4,890	2,750	2,140
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	11,435	6,560	4,865
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	8,600	4,560	4,045
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	1,595	345	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	159,735	51,705	108,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	2,345	470	1,875
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	17,180	6,320	10,865
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	28,750	2,185	26,570
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	29,000	9,355	19,645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	2,190	605	1,580
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	27,275	6,765	20,515
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	52,985	26,000	26,985
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	361,530	133,045	228,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	670	155	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	21,565	4,015	17,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	339,295	128,885	210,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	72,850	38,330	34,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	25,850	10,955	14,895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	15,410	7,270	8,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	555	170	385
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	26,130	17,875	8,255
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	4,900	2,055	2,845
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	60,830	37,710	23,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	48,975	32,855	16,125
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	4,295	515	3,780
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	7,050	4,020	3,035
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	515	330	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	463,185	415,665	47,520
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	11,325	7,140	4,190
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	110,345	89,275	21,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	84,800	72,145	12,655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	60	10	50
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	100,370	96,810	3,560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	103,880	100,100	3,785
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	52,400	50,195	2,205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	44,270	27,245	17,025
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	28,440	17,860	10,580
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	15,830	9,390	6,445
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	270,920	51,220	219,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	19,300	9,110	10,195
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	245,265	38,460	206,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	6,350	3,650	2,695
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	95,140	45,720	49,415
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	57,285	14,985	42,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	250	230	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	740	655	85
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	16,985	11,590	5,400
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	19,880	18,270	1,610
Other	335	95	235	150	60	95
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	145	60	95
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	814,190	419,370	394,820
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	91,020	19,920	71,105
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	91,025	19,920	71,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	40,255	16,670	23,585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	7,095	4,810	2,285
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	33,155	11,860	21,300
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	55,985	21,840	34,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	5,690	1,310	4,380
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	12,345	3,425	8,920
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	17,320	6,020	11,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	200	95	100
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	3,930	2,205	1,725
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	8,500	4,960	3,545
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	6,855	3,565	3,285
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	1,140	245	895
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	135,545	42,855	92,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	2,025	425	1,600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	14,880	5,360	9,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	23,730	1,770	21,960
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	25,095	7,395	17,705
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	1,790	530	1,255
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	22,460	5,290	17,170
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	45,565	22,095	23,465
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	301,995	110,825	191,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	560	135	420
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	18,035	3,130	14,910
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	283,400	107,560	175,840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	58,120	29,655	28,465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	20,925	8,620	12,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	12,175	5,740	6,435
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	460	155	305
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	20,785	13,645	7,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	3,775	1,500	2,270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	53,975	33,590	20,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	44,735	29,980	14,750
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	3,400	440	2,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	5,420	2,915	2,500
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	420	255	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	376,875	335,210	41,670
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	9,335	5,630	3,710
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	95,005	75,840	19,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	69,300	58,610	10,690
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	55	10	50
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	80,455	77,430	3,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	81,470	78,290	3,180
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	41,255	39,405	1,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	35,820	21,060	14,760
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	21,990	12,970	9,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	13,825	8,090	5,740
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	217,640	42,225	175,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	15,955	7,530	8,425
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	196,250	31,775	164,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	5,435	2,925	2,505
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	76,300	37,755	38,540
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	44,755	12,085	32,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	460	410	50
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	14,100	9,595	4,505
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	16,795	15,490	1,305
Other	285	80	205	115	55	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	110	55	60
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	1,436,545	724,685	711,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	1,769,505	878,130	891,370
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	1,424,855	709,950	714,905
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	1,064,560	530,135	534,430
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	360,290	179,815	180,475
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	344,645	168,180	176,465
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	45,690	25,545	20,145
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	68,760	26,480	42,280
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	41,560	21,025	20,535
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	28,630	16,255	12,370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	18,850	8,805	10,050
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	2,150	1,275	875
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	139,010	68,800	70,210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	814,190	419,375	394,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	1,443,630	711,655	731,980
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	1,150,780	572,180	578,595
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	857,370	426,365	431,010
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	293,410	145,820	147,590
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	292,850	139,470	153,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	34,655	18,640	16,015
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	64,000	24,435	39,565
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	37,240	18,505	18,740
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	20,065	11,390	8,675
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	16,600	7,630	8,965
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	1,870	1,105	765
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	118,425	57,770	60,655
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	2,302,945	1,238,280	1,064,655
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	2,096,105	1,114,360	981,745
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	206,835	123,925	82,910
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	903,105	364,525	538,580
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	71.8	77.3	66.4
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	65.4	69.5	61.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	9.0	10.0	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	806,150	318,845	487,310
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	2,399,895	1,283,965	1,115,930
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	1,193,860	698,530	495,330
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	1,206,035	585,430	620,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	42.5	43.1	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	2,302,940	1,238,285	1,064,660
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	40,005	18,650	21,360
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	1,984,225	1,042,630	941,595
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	278,710	177,010	101,705
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	40,010	18,645	21,360
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	2,262,935	1,219,635	1,043,300
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	261,505	167,260	94,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	353,965	95,685	258,280
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	175,025	136,240	38,795
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	150,415	28,130	122,290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	228,325	74,105	154,220
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	50,170	19,960	30,210
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	491,495	204,245	287,255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	406,495	376,375	30,120
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	72,465	59,465	13,000
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	73,070	58,170	14,895
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	2,302,940	1,238,280	1,064,660
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	40,005	18,650	21,360
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	2,262,935	1,219,630	1,043,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	64,035	43,045	20,990
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	142,490	109,105	33,390
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	21,940	15,345	6,595
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	236,370	201,640	34,730
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	127,535	96,045	31,490
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	80,610	56,840	23,775
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	249,880	115,065	134,810
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	115,295	83,675	31,620
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	33,045	18,625	14,420
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	69,225	25,230	43,995
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	41,520	23,075	18,450
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	167,800	94,565	73,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	5,560	2,760	2,795
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	87,350	49,595	37,760
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	147,270	44,160	103,110
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	245,875	41,235	204,645
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	44,880	21,550	23,335
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	153,790	62,220	91,570
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	105,865	50,455	55,405
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	122,595	65,420	57,175
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	2,096,110	1,114,360	981,745
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	162,465	77,935	84,530
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	6,270	4,715	1,555
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	307,065	236,995	70,070
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	1,620,310	794,720	825,595
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	1,186,170	554,850	631,330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	358,010	190,730	167,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	64,360	41,925	22,435
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	11,770	7,210	4,560
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	1,497,440	832,890	664,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	99,635	40,215	59,420
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	194,560	88,325	106,235
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	85,805	38,030	47,775
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	21,925	14,685	7,240
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	28,015	17,560	10,455
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	519,085	237,105	281,980
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	706,940	377,165	329,780
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	422,070	243,905	178,165
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	148,620	86,485	62,135
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	130,665	87,060	43,605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	1,927,375	1,031,710	895,665
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	145,660	107,460	38,200
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	395,425	254,225	141,200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	567,530	297,825	269,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	347,270	147,425	199,845
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	188,660	77,175	111,490
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	282,820	147,600	135,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,090
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	2,446,600	1,304,240	1,142,360
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	2,425,545	1,292,940	1,132,610
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	2,418,990	1,290,870	1,128,120
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	6,560	2,070	4,490
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	21,055	11,305	9,750
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	1,000	550	450
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	670	355	315
Blackfoot	0	0	0	75	50	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	565	295	270
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	30	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	535	280	255
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	15	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	140	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	20,050	10,755	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	940	575	360
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	15	10	0	25	15	15
Somali	85	30	55	60	25	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	840	530	305
Amharic	55	20	35	85	50	35
Arabic	1,165	760	405	610	415	195
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	50	15	35
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	40	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	1,305	515	790
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	15	10	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	1,290	505	780
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	850	420	430
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	10	0	10
Ilocano	35	15	20	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	785	405	380
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	55	25	35
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	15	10	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	35	15	15
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	8,280	4,855	3,425
Albanian	210	125	85	30	20	10
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	690	335	355
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	695	335	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	15	15	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	10	0	10
Croatian	95	55	35	15	10	15
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	10	10	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	220	135	85
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	275	120	160
Serbian	160	110	55	25	0	20
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	25	0	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	380	145	230	2,535	1,700	840
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	10	20
Danish	20	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	60	40	25	145	80	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	2,160	1,455	700
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Swedish	20	10	15	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	165	135	30
Greek	340	190	155	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	3,215	1,870	1,350
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	3,010	1,735	1,275
Bengali	300	145	155	25	10	15
Gujarati	615	210	405	75	15	60
Hindi	740	355	385	210	110	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	40	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	2,480	1,510	970
Sindhi	20	10	15	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	10	10	0
Urdu	985	480	505	155	50	100
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	200	130	70
Kurdish	85	75	10	15	10	0
Pashto	10	10	10	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	175	105	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	1,780	920	860
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	30	10	15
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	140	70	70
Romanian	245	105	140	50	30	20
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	1,560	800	760
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	195	75	125
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	785	350	435
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	35	10	30
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	30	10	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	230	120	115
American Sign Language	245	80	170	125	40	85
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	105	80	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	7,080	3,665	3,420
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	7,035	3,635	3,400
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	4,545	2,340	2,205
Hakka	35	10	25	15	0	10
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	2,170	1,125	1,045
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	275	155	125
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	45	30	20
Burmese	10	0	0	10	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	125	60	65
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	130	60	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	80	35	45
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	65	30	30
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	305	140	165	70	45	25
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	10	10	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	65	40	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	20,810	10,080	10,735
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	4,525	2,050	2,475
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	15,935	7,860	8,075
French and non-official language	85	45	40	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	295	140	155
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	2,467,410	1,314,320	1,153,095
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	2,370,575	1,264,955	1,105,620
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	13,805	6,540	7,270
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	23,920	11,380	12,545
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	57,640	30,700	26,935
Aboriginal	155	50	105	5,045	2,370	2,680
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	52,590	28,335	24,260
English and French	85	45	45	30	15	15
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	215	105	110
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	1,220	625	595
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	3,925,440	1,971,515	1,953,920
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	3,318,340	1,667,060	1,651,280
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	607,095	304,450	302,640
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	394,230	199,640	194,590
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	212,865	104,815	108,050
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	166,390	82,335	84,055
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	120,105	59,845	60,260
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	46,280	22,490	23,795
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	46,475	22,480	23,995
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	3,714,635	1,863,450	1,851,190
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	2,052,580	1,028,510	1,024,070
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	1,662,055	834,935	827,120
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	899,165	454,700	444,465
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	762,890	380,235	382,655
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	559,860	280,255	279,610
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	333,775	165,900	167,875
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	226,090	114,355	111,730
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	203,025	99,980	103,045