Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	205,955	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	196,954r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	92,353	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	85,015	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	255.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	804.79	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	205,955	99,875	106,080
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	32,465	16,650	15,815
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	10,280	5,295	4,985
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	11,385	5,785	5,600
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	10,795	5,575	5,225
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	142,940	69,645	73,290
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	10,955	5,590	5,360
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	13,965	6,830	7,135
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	15,165	7,615	7,555
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	14,895	7,295	7,595
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	14,620	7,010	7,610
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	14,565	7,125	7,440
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	14,890	7,145	7,750
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	15,840	7,545	8,300
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	14,790	7,150	7,640
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	13,245	6,340	6,910
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	30,555	13,575	16,975
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	11,270	5,300	5,970
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	7,850	3,675	4,170
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	5,030	2,265	2,765
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	3,345	1,370	1,975
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	3,060	960	2,100
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,925	645	1,280
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	885	260	625
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	205	50	160
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	40	10	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	15.8	16.7	14.9
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	69.4	69.7	69.1
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	14.8	13.6	16.0
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.5	1.0	2.0
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.3	39.3	41.2
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	40.3	39.2	41.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	46,445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	550	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	37,885	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	3,990	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	6,160	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	20,875	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	6,705	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	160	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	21,770	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	30,920	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	15,395	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	12,570	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	4,365	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	203,305	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	173,495	83,225	90,270
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	100,780	50,335	50,440
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	81,770	40,860	40,910
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	19,010	9,475	9,535
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	72,715	32,890	39,825
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	50,240	25,850	24,395
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	3,720	1,495	2,230
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	9,835	3,735	6,100
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	8,915	1,810	7,105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	59,860	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	30,960	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	14,330	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	11,665	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	2,910	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	59,860	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	49,705	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	40,205	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	9,505	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	10,155	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	8,105	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	2,050	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	49,705	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	24,410	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	25,295	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	11,515	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	11,015	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	2,765	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	10,155	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	6,550	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	2,815	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	790	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	36,525	16,765	19,760
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	57,490	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	23,385	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	34,105	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,170	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	26,355	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	21,770	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	4,585	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	204,390	99,195	105,190
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	187,430	92,310	95,125
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	50	25	25
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	16,375	6,635	9,740
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	535	235	300
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	204,390	99,195	105,190
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	202,690	98,360	104,330
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	985	525	465
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	225	110	110
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	490	205	285
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,095	575	520
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	0.5	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	204,390	99,195	105,190
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	203,355	98,670	104,685
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	196,360	94,945	101,415
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	195,390	94,430	100,955
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	970	510	460
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	6,995	3,725	3,270
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	35	20	15
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	10	5	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	10	5	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	5	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	5	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	25	15	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	20	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	6,960	3,705	3,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	1,040	580	460
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	5	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	35	20	20
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	30	20	15
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	5	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	1,000	560	445
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	25	15	10
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	905	510	395
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	5	5	5
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	5	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	65	35	30
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	50	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	5	0	0
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	555	225	330
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	5	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	30	10	20
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	10	5	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	15	10	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	5	5
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	25	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	5	5	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	470	185	285
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	190	105	85
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	10	5	10
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	65	40	30
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	80	50	35
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	30	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	3,030	1,700	1,325
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	85	45	40
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	0	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	440	240	200
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	5	5	0
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	10	5	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	0	0	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	430	235	195
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	15	10	10
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	55	30	25
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	15	10	5
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	25	15	15
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	70	40	30
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	185	100	80
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	15	15	5
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	10	0	5
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	0	10
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	15	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	5	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	410	240	170
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	25	15	10
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	35	20	15
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	60	35	20
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	215	120	95
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	30	15	10
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	35	25	15
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	0	0	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	5	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	40	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	1,325	785	540
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	1,050	635	415
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	305	205	100
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	60	35	25
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	135	75	55
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	20	10	10
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	135	75	55
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	105	60	45
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	55	30	30
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	220	130	95
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	255	135	115
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	5	5	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	215	115	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	710	355	355
Catalan	865	440	425	5	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	80	45	35
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	120	65	60
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	35	15	20
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	470	225	245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	5	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	115	50	70
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	265	140	130
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	25	15	10
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	5
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	0	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	5	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	25	15	10
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	5	5	5
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	10	5	5
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	55	30	25
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	5	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	55	35	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	60	30	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	35	20	15
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	25	15	10
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	60	35	25
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	30	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	1,375	715	665
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	1,355	705	645
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	240	140	100
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	10	0	5
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	945	480	465
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	35	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	10	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	120	70	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	25	15	10
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	5	0	10
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	10	5	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	30	15	20
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	5	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	60	35	25
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	10	5	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	45	30	15
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	0	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	55	15	40
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	10	5	10
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	10	0	10
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	35	10	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	15	15	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,035	525	510
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	305	140	165
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	670	360	310
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	40	15	20
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	204,390	99,195	105,195
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	202,615	98,290	104,325
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	199,075	96,445	102,630
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	198,635	96,245	102,390
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	440	200	240
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	3,545	1,845	1,695
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	5	0	5
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	5	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	3,535	1,845	1,695
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	710	360	350
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	30	15	10
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	30	20	15
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	5	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	675	335	335
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	15	10	5
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	615	310	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	45	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	35	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	35	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	225	90	130
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	5	0	5
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	5	0	5
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	5	5	5
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	205	85	120
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	75	40	35
Kannada	1,630	825	800	5	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	20	10	10
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	35	20	20
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	1,270	700	570
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	30	20	15
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	145	75	70
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	145	75	70
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	25	10	10
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	0	0	0
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	5	0	0
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	15	5	10
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	80	45	40
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	105	60	45
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	15	10	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	10	5	0
Frisian	185	95	90	5	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	45	25	20
Icelandic	270	120	150	20	10	10
Norwegian	345	145	200	15	10	10
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	685	405	280
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	525	315	205
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	145	105	40
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	25	10	10
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	55	35	25
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	10	10	5
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	95	55	40
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	65	35	30
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	35	20	15
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	95	50	40
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	145	80	65
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	5	5	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	135	75	60
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	295	145	155
Catalan	355	165	190	5	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	15	10	10
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	40	20	25
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	10	5	5
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	225	110	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	15	5	15
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	60	30	30
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	95	40	50
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	5	0	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	5	5	5
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	5
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	45	25	20
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	10	5	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	5	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	100	55	40
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	40	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	60	35	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	895	470	425
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	885	465	415
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	110	60	50
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	690	360	330
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	15	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	70	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	10	5	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	5	5	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	5	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	10	5	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	15	5	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	15	10	5
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	5
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	5	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	5	5	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,775	905	870
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	225	105	120
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	1,480	770	710
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	50	20	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	204,390	99,195	105,190
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	197,945	96,055	101,890
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	1,840	960	875
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	1,875	765	1,110
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	2,635	1,370	1,265
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	45	25	25
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	2,585	1,345	1,240
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	5	5	5
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	35	15	20
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	50	25	25
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	170,920	82,165	88,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	165,125	79,310	85,820
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	38,569	46,396	32,538
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	165,170	79,315	85,855
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	34,069	39,950	29,459
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	146,825	72,415	74,415
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	38,443	46,591	31,432
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	113,355	46,940	66,420
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	5,968	6,743	5,473
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	127,460	64,330	63,130
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	39,341	47,275	32,507
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	170,920	82,165	88,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	165,245	79,340	85,910
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	52,803	65,240	41,317
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	165,290	79,340	85,950
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	42,380	50,762	34,643
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	147,015	72,385	74,630
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	53,297	66,422	40,567
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	112,935	46,640	66,295
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,881	7,895	7,872
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	127,460	64,270	63,195
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	52,957	65,150	40,557
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	170,920	82,170	88,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	66,555	34,765	31,790
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	58,335	66,139	50,821
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	72,508	85,150	58,681
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	89.8	92.7	85.5
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	77.0	80.5	72.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	10.2	7.3	14.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	170,920	82,170	88,755
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	5,795	2,860	2,935
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	165,130	79,310	85,820
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.6	96.5	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	19,635	8,145	11,490
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	25,100	9,755	15,345
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	21,570	8,375	13,195
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	18,930	8,120	10,805
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	17,655	7,845	9,810
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	13,580	6,765	6,815
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	10,645	5,830	4,815
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	8,175	4,550	3,620
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	7,235	3,830	3,400
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	5,525	3,235	2,285
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	17,085	12,855	4,230
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	10,555	7,635	2,920
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	6,530	5,220	1,310
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	170,920	82,170	88,755
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	5,755	2,855	2,900
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	165,170	79,315	85,850
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.6	96.5	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	20,405	8,265	12,145
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	26,385	10,385	16,000
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	25,790	10,285	15,510
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	24,325	10,765	13,560
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	19,625	9,410	10,220
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	14,345	7,945	6,395
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	10,710	5,810	4,895
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	7,630	4,465	3,160
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	15,945	11,980	3,965
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	4,405	2,985	1,415
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	2,870	2,160	705
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	8,680	6,830	1,845
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	170,920	82,170	88,755
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	43,460	17,840	25,625
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	127,460	64,330	63,125
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	74.6	78.3	71.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	16,160	7,330	8,830
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	8,820	3,735	5,080
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	14,485	6,165	8,320
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	13,150	5,530	7,625
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	11,955	5,310	6,645
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	12,325	5,490	6,830
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	9,955	4,995	4,955
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	8,295	4,615	3,675
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	6,660	3,695	2,965
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	25,665	17,470	8,190
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	6,285	3,300	2,985
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	4,720	2,790	1,925
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	14,660	11,375	3,280
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	79,750	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	68,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	21,770	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	35,857	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	32,075	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	63,245	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	99,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	83,919	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	102,635	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	82,396	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	21,775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	49,398	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	39,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	63,245	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	120,961	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	97,128	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	870	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	1,325	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	2,205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	2,970	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	3,330	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	2,995	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	3,445	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	3,325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	3,020	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	2,950	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	5,520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	5,505	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	5,185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	4,910	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	4,460	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	33,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	9,310	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	7,205	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	8,795	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	7,690	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	915	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	1,350	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	2,235	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	3,095	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	3,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	3,455	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	4,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	4,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	3,540	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	3,575	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	6,945	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	6,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	6,170	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	5,460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	4,995	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	24,685	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	9,645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	6,295	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	8,750	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	59,775	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	100,845	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	84,943	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	22,795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	87,743	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	74,466	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	25,595	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	135,097	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	111,471	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	9,500	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	51,685	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	47,526	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	59,705	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	122,981	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	98,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	22,750	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	109,802	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	87,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	25,600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	158,871	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	125,355	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	9,520	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	63,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	54,549	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	31,900	14,910	16,995
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	30,938	32,815	29,564
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	28,155	29,432	27,226
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	31,935	14,730	17,205
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	43,302	48,485	38,865
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	35,366	38,136	32,994
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	203,305	98,770	104,540
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	83,930	38,805	45,115
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	18,465	8,605	9,860
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	16,160	7,000	9,155
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	15,295	6,955	8,335
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	16,120	7,565	8,555
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	17,890	8,680	9,210
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	119,380	59,960	59,420
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	19,690	9,675	10,015
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	21,440	10,665	10,775
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	24,405	12,180	12,220
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	26,610	13,415	13,195
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	27,235	14,015	13,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	203,305	98,770	104,540
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	38,640	19,815	18,825
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	12,480	6,400	6,080
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	135,955	65,930	70,030
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	28,710	13,025	15,685
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	24,385	10,790	13,600
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	5,755	2,940	2,815
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	2,055	1,075	985
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	14,980	6,500	8,475
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	3,655	1,345	2,310
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	12.0	10.9	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	14.9	14.8	15.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	16.5	16.8	16.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	11.0	9.9	12.1
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	12.7	10.3	14.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	15,165	7,220	7,945
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	3,205	1,660	1,545
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	1,160	620	535
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	11,430	5,345	6,080
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	530	215	315
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	7.5	7.3	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	8.3	8.4	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	9.3	9.7	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	8.4	8.1	8.7
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.8	1.7	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	203,305	98,765	104,540
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	202,525	98,415	104,110
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	202,475	98,390	104,080
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	16,390	6,630	9,755
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	10,675	5,495	5,175
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	115	50	65
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	35	15	15
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	10	10	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	10	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	15	10	15
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	20	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	80	30	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	70	25	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	10	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	10,565	5,455	5,115
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,375	735	635
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	10	0	10
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	35	10	20
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	15	10	10
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	15	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,310	705	600
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	50	30	20
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	1,245	675	570
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	0	0	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	0	10
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	25	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	45	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	660	250	410
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	65	15	50
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	15	10	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	105	65	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	530	180	355
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	40	15	25
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	25	10	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	20	15	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	320	175	145
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	35	15	25
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	95	50	55
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	180	105	70
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	20	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	5,245	2,805	2,445
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	130	65	60
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	650	355	295
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	10	0	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	0	10
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	640	355	290
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	25	10	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	50	25	25
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	35	30	0
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	45	15	25
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	10	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	70	50	15
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	405	205	200
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	15	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	0	0	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	15	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	0	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	75	40	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	100	70	30
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	20	25	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	40	30	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	45	20	20
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,175	605	575
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	35	25	15
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	65	35	30
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	100	45	50
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	870	455	415
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	40	25	15
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	70	30	40
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	30	25	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	10	10	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	65	40	30
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	1,605	950	660
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	1,305	800	510
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	355	235	120
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	50	30	20
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	475	285	190
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	10	10	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	10	10	10
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	165	100	60
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	235	145	95
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	60	35	25
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	285	180	105
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	270	145	125
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	25	20	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	45	35	10
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	190	85	105
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	70	35	30
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,815	895	920
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	10	0	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	245	130	110
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	300	150	155
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	40	20	25
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,385	675	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	20	0	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	125	40	90
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	105	50	60
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	680	375	305
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	60	45	10
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	10
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	55	35	20
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	70	35	35
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	25	15	15
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	55	10	45
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	180	110	70
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	180	100	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	105	50	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	50	35	20
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	30	25	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	20	10	10
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	480	205	270
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	260	100	160
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	225	110	110
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	1,570	865	705
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	1,530	840	685
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	275	170	105
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	10	0	10
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	1,205	625	580
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	40	25	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	135	95	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	40	25	20
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	20	0	10
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	35	25	10
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	25	0	15
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	20	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	75	45	25
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	55	35	20
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	15	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	75	10	60
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	10	0	10
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	15	0	10
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	60	10	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	30	20	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	203,305	98,765	104,540
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	196,600	95,115	101,485
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	37,360	19,260	18,105
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	159,240	75,855	83,385
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	6,705	3,655	3,055
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	203,305	98,765	104,535
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	192,165	92,805	99,360
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	8,135	4,205	3,925
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	1,980	1,060	925
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	555	270	280
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	850	440	410
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	2,055	1,055	1,005
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	700	330	370
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	1,360	725	635
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	2,690	1,380	1,310
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	3,005	1,755	1,250
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	8,130	4,200	3,930
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	970	505	465
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	1,445	740	705
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	1,270	655	610
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	3,895	2,025	1,880
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	545	275	265
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	8,130	4,205	3,930
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,490	690	795
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	25	10	15
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	110	50	65
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	10	0	0
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	15	10	10
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	10	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	70	20	45
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	55	20	30
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	15	10	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	930	430	505
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	235	125	115
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	2,640	1,500	1,140
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	40	20	20
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	10	10	0
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	120	60	55
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	185	105	75
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	15	15	0
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	20	10	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	140	75	65
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	50	40	15
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	45	25	15
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	45	35	15
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	100	50	50
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	35	10	30
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	130	70	55
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	10	10	0
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	45	15	30
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,305	765	540
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	350	195	160
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	910	475	430
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	10	15	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	125	80	40
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	50	25	25
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	20	10	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	15	0	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	155	85	75
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	65	20	45
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	450	230	225
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	3,050	1,520	1,530
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	45	15	25
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	155	90	65
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	620	310	310
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	55	40	15
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	420	225	195
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	65	35	35
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	155	80	75
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	15	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	20	10	15
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	20	15	0
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	170	95	70
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	395	140	255
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	85	50	35
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	305	140	165
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	35	20	15
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	465	250	215
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	50	10	35
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	2,685	1,380	1,305
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	330	170	165
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	25	0	15
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	10	10	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	25	20	10
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	50	15	35
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	10	10	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	135	75	55
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	30	20	10
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	55	20	35
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	420	250	170
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	50	20	20
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	20	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	20	20	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	45	30	15
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	25	0	30
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	125	80	50
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	135	85	50
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	460	240	220
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	10	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	25	0	25
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	45	30	15
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	30	15	15
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	30	15	15
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	0	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	120	60	60
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	10	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	165	90	80
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	1,450	715	735
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	10	0	10
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	50	30	20
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	200	95	110
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	105	60	50
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	35	10	20
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	60	35	20
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	10	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	15	0	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	15	10	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	55	30	25
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	55	35	25
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	270	105	165
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	35	20	15
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	50	25	30
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	295	135	160
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	10	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	10	10	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	155	100	55
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	25	10	15
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	25	10	15
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	203,305	98,770	104,540
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	11,850	6,335	5,515
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	8,435	4,360	4,075
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	183,020	88,070	94,950
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	6,240	3,195	3,045
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	3,335	1,775	1,560
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	1,540	1,055	495
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	1,795	725	1,070
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	1,450	675	775
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,420	725	695
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	35	20	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	203,305	98,765	104,535
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	6,690	3,085	3,610
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	6,240	2,865	3,370
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	4,010	1,840	2,175
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	1,495	690	810
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	730	340	390
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	65	30	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	390	190	195
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	196,615	95,685	100,930
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	203,305	98,770	104,540
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	2,805	1,315	1,490
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	200,500	97,450	103,050
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	203,305	98,765	104,540
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	1,550	695	855
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	1,495	690	810
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	915	420	495
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	290	125	160
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	300	140	160
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	50	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	20	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	20	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	9,345	4,255	5,085
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	9,025	4,115	4,915
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	6,880	3,115	3,765
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	1,155	585	575
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	990	415	575
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	315	145	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	95	40	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	80	35	45
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	130	65	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	192,415	93,815	98,600
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	203,305	98,770	104,540
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	8,765	4,645	4,115
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	1,940	1,150	790
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	1,870	1,035	830
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,815	955	860
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	650	230	420
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	540	270	275
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	1,090	590	495
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	270	155	115
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	210	90	115
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	60	30	30
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	50	25	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	90	35	50
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	180	80	100
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	194,545	94,115	100,425
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	203,305	98,770	104,535
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	10,890	4,955	5,940
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	8,005	3,625	4,380
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	1,550	670	885
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	1,710	825	885
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	100,830	48,445	52,385
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	350	170	185
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,130	570	555
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	98,195	47,120	51,070
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	2,340	1,155	1,185
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	10	10	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	10
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	65	35	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	15	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	124,155	60,175	63,975
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	117,935	57,030	60,910
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	45	15	30
Cornish	1,975	995	975	25	15	10
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	81,845	39,355	42,490
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	61,225	29,305	31,920
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	20	10	15
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	17,020	8,225	8,795
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,665	1,315	1,345
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	3,445	1,635	1,810
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	10,050	4,810	5,240
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	10	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	10,045	4,805	5,235
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	6,465	3,110	3,360
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	275	125	145
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	130	70	60
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	1,215	555	665
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	15	15	0
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	5,045	2,410	2,635
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	10	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	185	100	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	25	10	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	2,170	1,015	1,155
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	380	190	185
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	145	55	95
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	140	70	70
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	895	435	450
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	540	205	335
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	185	100	90
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	2,825	1,410	1,415
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	70	30	40
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	30	10	20
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	135	75	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	45	15	30
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	20	0	15
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	240	95	140
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	60	30	25
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	90	25	65
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	975	515	460
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	125	55	75
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	635	330	305
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	55	25	30
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	870	470	395
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	60	25	30
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	2,945	1,455	1,495
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	50	15	25
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	40	25	20
Catalan	1,280	740	535	10	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	80	45	30
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	20	15	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	255	150	105
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,055	580	475
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	15	0	15
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	90	55	30
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	10	10	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	760	355	405
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	45	35	10
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	10	10	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	10	0	10
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	640	260	380
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	30	10	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	650	335	310
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	55	35	20
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	155	70	80
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	95	50	40
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	340	175	165
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	645	325	315
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	10	10	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	85	50	40
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	15	0	15
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	135	85	50
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	20	20	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	25	15	15
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	250	115	135
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	65	30	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	30	10	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	30	10	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	680	310	375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	0	0	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	65	30	35
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	10
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	20	15	10
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	45	20	25
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	20	10	10
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	155	75	80
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	55	25	25
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	40	15	20
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	30	20	10
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	30	15	15
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	15	0	20
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	20	10	15
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	150	65	80
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	15	0	10
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	30	10	20
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	15	10	0
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	60	35	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	45	15	25
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	2,070	1,160	915
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	640	365	280
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	10	10	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	10	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	10	10	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	130	75	55
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	55	35	25
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	15	15	10
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	15	0	10
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	15	10	10
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	305	160	150
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	10	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	10	0	10
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	65	60	15
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	30	25	10
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	475	305	175
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	10	10	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	10	0	10
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	190	120	70
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	160	90	75
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	40	35	10
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	75	60	25
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	475	265	210
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	30	20	10
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	50	25	25
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	60	40	20
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	10	10	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	10	10	10
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	10	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	30	10	10
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	90	50	40
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	45	35	10
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	60	25	25
Zambian	1,860	935	920	30	20	15
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	60	10	45
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	60	25	35
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	520	260	260
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	40	20	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	495	250	245
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	7,180	3,765	3,410
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,895	955	940
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	305	165	140
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	30	10	25
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	10	10	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	190	95	90
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	140	70	70
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	0	0	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	130	75	50
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	10	0	10
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	20	10	15
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	575	275	295
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	70	45	25
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	35	20	20
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	260	115	140
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	60	15	40
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	90	65	25
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	10
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	20	10	10
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	25	15	15
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	2,015	1,160	855
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	240	155	85
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	55	30	25
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	55	40	10
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	1,275	720	555
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	95	60	35
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	240	140	100
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	40	20	15
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	85	50	35
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	40	25	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	40	15	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	3,325	1,665	1,660
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	20	10	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	10	10	10
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	2,145	1,165	980
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	760	280	475
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	70	35	35
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	85	30	65
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	35	25	10
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	85	40	50
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	10	10
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	120	65	50
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	10	0	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	30	15	15
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	30	10	15
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	15	10	10
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	50	30	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	10	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	30	20	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	30	20	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	180	75	105
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	120	45	75
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	20	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	40	20	20
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	10
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	10	0	10
Samoan	1,100	625	475	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	59,535	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	25,480	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	3,200	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	81,815	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	185	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	6,360	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	17,640	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	36,855	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	23,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	14,405	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	11,580	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	13,545	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	12,420	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	33,055	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	84,680	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	85,015	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	83,485	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	13,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	23,705	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	12,790	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	10,585	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	7,055	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	8,840	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	8,485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	81,425	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	46,535	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	36,575	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	1,910	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	85,015	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	3,235	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	14,050	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	15,660	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	17,460	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	16,070	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	11,710	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	5,305	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,515	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	84,815	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	66,475	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	18,335	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	16,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	59,455	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,329	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,379	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	319,478	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	348,519	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	25,480	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	20.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	902	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	927	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	170,920	82,170	88,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	24,590	12,530	12,065
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	43,385	21,490	21,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	102,940	48,150	54,790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	14,420	10,360	4,060
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	6,890	3,965	2,925
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	7,530	6,390	1,135
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	42,415	17,475	24,940
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	4,625	1,960	2,665
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	41,475	18,350	23,125
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	26,810	11,525	15,285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,830	850	980
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	1,185	640	545
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	9,760	4,115	5,645
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	1,895	1,225	670
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	117,395	56,770	60,625
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	10,000	5,535	4,460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	24,610	12,855	11,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	82,785	38,375	44,410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	10,580	7,725	2,855
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	5,005	2,940	2,060
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	5,580	4,780	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	34,460	14,255	20,205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	3,240	1,480	1,765
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	34,500	14,925	19,580
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	22,055	9,455	12,600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	1,540	680	860
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	1,050	520	525
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	8,405	3,385	5,020
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	1,455	885	575
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	170,920	82,170	88,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	67,985	34,020	33,965
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	8,035	2,205	5,830
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	8,035	2,210	5,830
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	2,330	1,075	1,255
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	440	350	95
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,890	725	1,160
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	4,255	1,660	2,600
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	335	90	250
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	1,235	420	810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	930	320	615
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	70	45	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	355	170	185
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	425	205	220
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	610	335	275
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	295	75	225
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	8,445	2,820	5,625
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	240	70	165
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	585	190	390
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,570	130	1,435
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	1,300	410	890
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	75	15	60
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,480	350	1,130
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	3,195	1,640	1,550
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	24,070	6,935	17,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	55	20	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	1,500	340	1,165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	22,515	6,575	15,940
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	3,970	2,055	1,915
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	1,645	700	945
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	840	385	455
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	95	30	65
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	1,285	910	370
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	115	30	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	5,115	2,865	2,245
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	4,225	2,480	1,745
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	355	55	300
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	485	285	200
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	50	45	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	22,920	20,515	2,405
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	225	165	60
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	4,845	3,920	920
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	5,555	4,645	905
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	5,760	5,560	205
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	4,530	4,380	145
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	2,000	1,835	160
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,245	745	505
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	560	305	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	685	435	245
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	15,205	2,870	12,335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	950	525	425
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	13,795	2,090	11,705
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	455	250	210
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	7,335	4,400	2,935
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	3,635	1,125	2,510
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	40	35	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	1,130	920	205
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	2,520	2,305	215
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	117,395	56,770	60,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	34,610	18,395	16,215
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	5,610	1,460	4,150
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	5,610	1,460	4,150
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,920	855	1,065
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	325	235	85
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,590	620	975
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	3,160	1,220	1,945
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	255	50	205
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	965	335	630
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	680	240	440
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	60	45	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	280	140	135
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	235	120	115
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	460	245	215
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	225	45	180
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	7,225	2,335	4,890
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	200	50	150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	495	155	345
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	1,345	120	1,230
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	1,105	310	795
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	60	15	45
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	1,245	275	970
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	2,775	1,405	1,365
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	19,775	5,510	14,265
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	50	25	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	1,230	235	995
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	18,495	5,250	13,245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	3,055	1,540	1,520
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	1,230	480	755
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	670	315	355
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	55	25	35
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	1,035	695	335
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	65	20	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	4,745	2,690	2,050
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	4,025	2,365	1,655
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	265	45	220
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	405	235	170
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	55	45	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	18,245	16,200	2,045
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	190	135	55
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	4,150	3,310	840
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	4,620	3,880	745
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	4,340	4,195	150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	3,460	3,330	130
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	1,475	1,360	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,030	580	450
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	445	230	215
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	585	350	230
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	12,080	2,350	9,730
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	770	445	320
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	10,930	1,720	9,205
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	385	185	200
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	5,945	3,635	2,310
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	2,895	920	1,975
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	35	30	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	935	765	170
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	2,075	1,910	160
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	170,920	82,165	88,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	67,985	34,015	33,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	102,935	48,150	54,790
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	97,540	45,240	52,300
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	83,265	38,235	45,035
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	14,275	7,005	7,270
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	5,400	2,910	2,485
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,405	785	620
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	375	115	260
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	240	135	105
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	1,020	635	380
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	295	175	125
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	100	50	55
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,950	1,020	935
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	117,395	56,770	60,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	34,610	18,395	16,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	82,785	38,380	44,410
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	78,585	36,135	42,450
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	66,655	30,575	36,080
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	11,930	5,560	6,370
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	4,200	2,240	1,965
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	910	490	415
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	360	115	245
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	215	120	95
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	680	445	235
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	250	145	105
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	95	45	50
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	1,690	875	815
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	170,925	82,170	88,755
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	112,740	57,195	55,540
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	103,000	51,385	51,615
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	9,735	5,810	3,930
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	58,185	24,970	33,215
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	66.0	69.6	62.6
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	60.3	62.5	58.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.6	10.2	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	170,920	82,165	88,755
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	51,305	21,500	29,800
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	119,615	60,665	58,950
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	67,460	35,315	32,140
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	52,155	25,345	26,805
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.9	42.9	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	112,740	57,195	55,540
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,755	995	760
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	110,980	56,200	54,780
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	103,415	51,510	51,900
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	7,565	4,685	2,880
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	112,735	57,195	55,540
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,755	1,000	760
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	110,980	56,200	54,780
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	11,080	6,495	4,580
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	17,885	4,935	12,950
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	10,250	7,970	2,280
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	9,075	1,615	7,460
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	14,460	4,915	9,545
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	3,185	1,415	1,765
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	26,020	11,320	14,700
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	14,960	14,180	780
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	1,885	1,645	240
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	2,175	1,705	475
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	112,735	57,195	55,540
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,760	995	760
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	110,980	56,200	54,780
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	1,055	760	295
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	3,760	2,900	865
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	1,295	860	435
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	9,230	8,100	1,125
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	4,530	3,500	1,025
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	3,135	2,255	885
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	13,770	6,415	7,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	4,690	3,585	1,100
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	2,625	1,380	1,250
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	3,235	1,085	2,150
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	1,495	915	575
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	7,600	4,215	3,385
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	120	60	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	3,700	2,035	1,665
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	9,315	3,570	5,750
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	15,780	2,955	12,825
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,915	1,015	900
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	8,120	3,505	4,615
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	4,600	1,860	2,740
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	10,990	5,215	5,770
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	103,000	51,385	51,615
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	4,645	2,075	2,565
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	440	355	90
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	10,215	7,725	2,490
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	87,700	41,230	46,470
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	87,700	41,230	46,470
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	45,935	20,860	25,075
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	40,375	19,395	20,980
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	675	430	245
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	720	545	170
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	97,920	48,955	48,960
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	79,625	40,325	39,300
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	8,455	3,115	5,340
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	3,050	1,570	1,475
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	4,505	2,240	2,260
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	195	155	45
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	2,090	1,550	550
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	97,920	48,960	48,960
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	35,830	16,620	19,210
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	46,145	22,855	23,290
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	10,285	5,190	5,090
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	1,500	845	655
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	4,155	3,445	710
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	97,920	48,960	48,960
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	3,755	2,745	1,010
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	9,840	6,205	3,640
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	32,605	17,125	15,485
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	28,945	11,895	17,045
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	8,665	3,595	5,070
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	14,105	7,385	6,715
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	122,315	61,905	60,410
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	121,970	61,775	60,190
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	121,830	61,690	60,140
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	121,240	61,495	59,740
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	595	195	395
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	135	85	50
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	130	85	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	20	20	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	25	20	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	25	20	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	25	10	10
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	15	10	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	10	10	10
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	30	20	15
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	45	30	15
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	45	35	10
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	25	15	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	15	0	10
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	350	135	220
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	245	75	170
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	95	55	40
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	122,315	61,910	60,410
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	119,910	60,960	58,950
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	535	180	350
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	1,470	545	925
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	370	195	175
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	350	180	165
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	10	10	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	35	20	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	201,280	97,675	103,605
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	176,180	85,290	90,885
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	25,105	12,380	12,725
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	14,915	7,495	7,425
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	10,185	4,885	5,305
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	8,640	4,125	4,515
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	6,155	2,890	3,270
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	2,480	1,235	1,245
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	1,545	760	785
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	192,895	93,430	99,460
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	122,400	58,955	63,450
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	70,490	34,485	36,010
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	37,795	18,495	19,295
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	32,695	15,985	16,715
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	27,875	13,385	14,485
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	18,480	8,745	9,730
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	9,395	4,640	4,755
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	4,820	2,600	2,220