Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Ottawa - Gatineau Ontario/Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Ottawa - Gatineau [Population centre], Ontario/Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	989,567	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	945,592r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	439,953	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	412,533	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	1,900.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	520.82	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	989,585	479,125	510,465
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	163,945	83,475	80,475
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	53,575	27,245	26,330
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	56,635	28,810	27,820
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	53,740	27,415	26,325
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	673,790	328,910	344,880
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	57,940	29,395	28,550
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	74,270	37,115	37,155
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	70,885	35,210	35,680
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	68,095	33,195	34,895
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	65,400	31,325	34,070
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	65,225	31,355	33,865
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	67,100	32,420	34,675
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	75,240	36,710	38,530
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	70,815	34,010	36,805
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	58,825	28,175	30,645
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	151,845	66,735	85,110
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	50,755	24,020	26,735
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	35,760	16,480	19,280
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	25,805	11,445	14,360
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	18,955	7,945	11,015
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	20,565	6,845	13,720
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	12,485	4,605	7,880
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	6,195	1,850	4,350
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	1,655	365	1,290
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	230	30	200
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	16.6	17.4	15.8
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	68.1	68.6	67.6
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	15.3	13.9	16.7
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.4	2.7
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.0	39.0	41.0
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	39.6	38.4	40.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	412,535	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	151,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	73,860	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	186,995	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	32,005	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	71,820	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	13,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	69,275	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	595	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	412,535	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	130,115	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	136,345	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	61,560	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	54,520	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	30,000	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	970,315	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	825,635	395,645	429,990
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	444,795	222,375	222,420
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	348,295	173,775	174,520
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	96,500	48,600	47,900
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	380,845	173,275	207,570
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	262,790	136,390	126,405
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	21,720	8,740	12,975
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	54,960	19,835	35,120
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	41,375	8,310	33,065
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	265,750	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	133,290	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	57,335	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	52,135	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	22,985	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	265,750	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	216,715	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	168,485	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	48,230	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	49,035	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	38,910	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	10,130	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	216,715	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	104,005	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	112,715	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	43,190	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	48,160	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	21,365	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	49,035	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	29,285	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	14,145	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	5,605	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	199,465	93,025	106,440
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	412,535	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	255,280	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	99,905	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	155,375	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	5,155	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	152,100	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	130,115	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	21,985	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	977,440	474,150	503,290
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	433,850	220,225	213,620
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	79,305	34,555	44,755
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	450,720	213,930	236,785
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	13,565	5,445	8,125
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	977,435	474,150	503,290
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	614,885	303,700	311,180
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	322,135	152,060	170,080
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	27,205	13,120	14,085
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	13,215	5,265	7,950
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	628,485	158,620	177,120
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	64.3	33.5	35.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	977,440	474,145	503,290
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	941,140	456,745	484,395
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	744,295	363,705	380,590
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	449,140	223,855	225,290
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	295,150	139,850	155,295
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	196,850	93,045	103,805
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	945	385	565
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	570	250	315
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	430	200	230
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	5	5	5
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	10	0	5
Moose Cree	100	50	55	5	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	10	5	5
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	60	25	35
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	15	5	5
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	10	5	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	30	10	15
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	290	135	150
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	20	5	10
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	15	5	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	120	40	80
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	40	20	30
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	65	20	45
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	10	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	5	5	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	5	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	10	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	5
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	325	110	215
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	5	5	5
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	290	95	195
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	30	10	15
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	30	10	20
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	20	10	15
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	10	0	5
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	5	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	195,905	92,660	103,245
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	48,305	24,300	24,005
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	860	475	390
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	565	300	265
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	295	170	125
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	6,685	2,900	3,785
Bilen	805	455	350	50	25	20
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	210	115	95
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	6,325	2,715	3,615
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	95	40	55
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	40,685	20,885	19,800
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	1,385	650	735
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	37,895	19,540	18,355
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	75	35	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	10	5	5
Harari	1,320	635	685	55	25	30
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	295	160	140
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	25	5	15
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	875	425	450
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	70	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	75	40	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	6,100	2,825	3,275
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	1,000	450	550
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	5,085	2,370	2,720
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	7,245	2,610	4,635
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	30	10	15
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	340	110	225
Fijian	745	400	345	5	0	5
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	105	35	70
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	540	210	330
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	105	50	55
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	360	145	220
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	20	10	15
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	30	15	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	5,550	1,965	3,585
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	35	15	20
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	125	50	75
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	5,135	2,180	2,955
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	380	165	215
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	4,570	1,930	2,640
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	185	80	100
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	3,010	1,575	1,435
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	165	90	80
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	555	290	265
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	1,875	960	910
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	395	220	175
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	20	10	5
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	84,250	40,095	44,155
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	585	280	300
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	455	225	230
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	18,455	8,265	10,190
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	375	160	215
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	200	90	115
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	175	70	100
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	18,085	8,105	9,975
Belarusan	810	385	430	35	20	20
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	605	280	325
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	915	430	485
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	990	465	525
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	785	345	435
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	65	25	40
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	4,730	2,125	2,605
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	4,990	2,110	2,880
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	2,060	1,015	1,050
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	800	395	405
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	450	190	260
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	170	75	95
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	1,445	595	845
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	35	20	15
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	95	45	50
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	30	20	10
Welsh	1,075	495	575	45	15	30
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	15	10	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	7,030	3,170	3,870
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	110	50	55
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	230	105	125
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	1,665	785	880
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	30	15	15
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	4,375	1,910	2,470
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	15	10	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	115	50	65
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	230	115	120
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	75	35	40
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	170	90	80
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	20	5	15
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,955	1,020	935
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	23,440	11,880	11,560
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	15,305	7,775	7,530
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	2,980	1,490	1,495
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	1,175	610	555
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	2,315	1,190	1,120
Kashmiri	565	300	265	10	5	5
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	95	50	45
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	240	120	120
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	915	435	480
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	35	15	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	3,140	1,625	1,515
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	225	105	120
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	710	355	360
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	3,455	1,765	1,690
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	8,050	4,050	4,000
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	675	360	310
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	975	490	485
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	6,400	3,200	3,200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	90	55	30
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	32,240	15,210	17,030
Catalan	865	440	425	30	15	15
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	8,160	4,035	4,125
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	6,100	2,910	3,185
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	2,925	1,360	1,570
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	15,000	6,870	8,130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	25	15	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	950	285	660
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	35	15	20
Georgian	1,715	910	805	35	15	20
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	1,845	770	1,070
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	35	15	15
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	8,085	3,715	4,370
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	335	165	170
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	145	60	75
Edo	1,670	770	900	40	25	15
Ewe	1,760	950	805	165	75	90
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	245	125	125
Ga	920	445	470	45	25	20
Ganda	1,295	625	665	130	60	70
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	190	100	90
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	490	205	285
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	1,435	655	785
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	1,130	445	685
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	100	35	65
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	1,520	700	825
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	265	125	140
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	235	120	115
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	1,625	805	820
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	335	150	180
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	85	40	40
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	250	105	140
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	220	95	125
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	70	20	45
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	30	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	120	60	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	26,395	12,185	14,215
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	25,590	11,790	13,795
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	8,650	4,025	4,625
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	130	50	80
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	14,845	6,815	8,030
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	35	15	20
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	605	255	345
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	340	150	190
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	960	470	495
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	15	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	815	395	420
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	235	115	115
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	320	160	165
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	90	50	40
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	160	70	90
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	635	215	415
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	305	140	170
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	330	80	250
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	1,405	715	690
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	95	60	40
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	1,165	595	570
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	15	5	10
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	80	35	45
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	50	25	25
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	1,730	795	930
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	135	55	75
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	245	90	155
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	1,350	655	700
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	185	105	85
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	36,295	17,405	18,895
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	14,550	6,970	7,575
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	13,430	6,540	6,890
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	5,660	2,635	3,020
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	2,655	1,255	1,400
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	977,440	474,150	503,290
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	916,425	445,340	471,085
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	817,415	398,620	418,800
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	553,945	273,975	279,970
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	263,475	124,640	138,830
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	99,010	46,720	52,285
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	395	180	215
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	260	125	135
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	245	120	125
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	5	5
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	5	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	5	5	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	25	10	20
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	5	0	5
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	185	95	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	15	10	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	15	5	10
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	130	55	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	115	50	70
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	5
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	5	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	98,610	46,540	52,075
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	27,020	13,045	13,970
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	435	220	210
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	345	175	170
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	90	45	40
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	3,880	1,600	2,280
Bilen	620	330	285	30	10	15
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	125	65	60
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	3,675	1,500	2,170
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	60	20	35
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	22,685	11,210	11,475
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	805	380	425
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	21,280	10,540	10,735
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	30	10	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	15	10	10
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	110	65	50
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	410	190	220
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	3,685	1,710	1,975
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	470	215	255
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	3,210	1,490	1,715
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	5	5	5
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	3,145	1,320	1,830
Bikol	290	140	155	5	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	115	50	70
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	45	15	30
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	220	100	115
Malagasy	435	220	210	20	10	10
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	105	45	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	5	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	2,580	1,070	1,520
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	40	20	25
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	2,130	875	1,255
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	195	85	115
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	1,870	765	1,105
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	60	25	35
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	1,485	740	745
Kannada	1,630	825	800	50	30	20
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	245	125	120
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,025	495	530
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	160	90	70
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	38,280	18,160	20,115
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	270	125	145
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	220	100	120
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	8,495	3,965	4,535
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	80	35	50
Latvian	1,255	530	725	45	20	25
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	40	20	20
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	8,415	3,930	4,485
Belarusan	230	105	120	20	10	10
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	345	170	175
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	485	230	260
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	375	170	205
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	180	85	100
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	20	10	10
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	1,695	765	925
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	2,875	1,295	1,580
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	1,355	690	665
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	440	220	215
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	145	70	80
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	20	10	5
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	455	205	250
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	10	5	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	5	5
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	785	350	435
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	20	10	15
Danish	855	410	445	10	5	10
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	125	60	65
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	545	235	310
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	10	5	5
Swedish	1,045	500	545	50	30	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	605	290	320
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	12,835	6,315	6,520
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	8,090	4,045	4,050
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	1,775	860	910
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	490	255	235
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	1,055	545	515
Kashmiri	135	70	70	5	5	5
Konkani	720	355	370	30	15	20
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	100	40	55
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	730	360	370
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	1,775	900	875
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	50	20	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	350	170	180
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	1,710	860	845
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	4,725	2,260	2,465
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	400	210	190
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	605	295	310
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	3,710	1,745	1,960
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	25	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	15,045	7,005	8,045
Catalan	355	165	190	15	5	10
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	2,375	1,065	1,310
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	2,705	1,275	1,425
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	1,535	735	805
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	8,410	3,920	4,485
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	5	5
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	370	125	240
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	10	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	10	0	5
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	1,005	455	545
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	20	15	5
Mongolian	910	435	470	20	10	5
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	2,195	1,000	1,205
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	120	55	65
Bamanankan	340	180	160	30	10	15
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	30	15	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	60	30	30
Ga	250	105	140	10	0	5
Ganda	345	160	185	30	15	15
Igbo	1,000	485	510	60	30	25
Lingala	1,045	455	590	110	40	70
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	460	225	235
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	330	130	205
Shona	1,035	475	560	20	15	10
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	545	250	290
Wolof	1,380	745	635	100	45	50
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	55	30	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	245	115	135
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	90	40	50
Dinka	1,130	580	550	30	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	60	25	40
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	295	150	150
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	90	40	55
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	35	15	15
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	170	95	80
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	17,455	8,230	9,225
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	16,880	7,955	8,925
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	5,015	2,300	2,715
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	50	15	30
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	10,840	5,165	5,675
Min Dong	345	150	195	15	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	225	90	135
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	175	90	90
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	565	290	270
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	575	275	300
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	150	70	80
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	250	120	130
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	70	35	35
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	105	45	55
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	245	100	145
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	155	70	85
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	90	25	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	730	345	380
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	35	20	20
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	625	295	325
Uyghur	610	315	290	10	0	5
Uzbek	990	505	490	45	20	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	20	15	5
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	425	195	230
Estonian	975	365	610	20	5	10
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	30	15	15
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	375	180	200
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	45	30	15
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	61,010	28,810	32,200
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	16,010	7,470	8,535
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	32,570	15,695	16,880
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	6,725	2,995	3,735
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	5,705	2,650	3,050
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	977,440	474,150	503,290
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	731,705	358,115	373,590
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	102,760	49,000	53,760
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	65,100	30,440	34,660
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	66,960	31,505	35,455
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	505	195	310
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	66,450	31,305	35,140
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	3,580	1,710	1,870
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	3,370	1,620	1,750
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	3,870	1,710	2,160
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	100	50	50
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	806,590	387,750	418,840
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	772,720	371,225	401,495
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	40,042	44,578	36,381
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	772,970	371,250	401,720
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	35,354	38,833	32,532
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	697,670	340,055	357,615
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	39,669	44,956	34,982
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	548,210	243,755	304,455
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	4,086	2,241	5,486
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	573,735	287,415	286,320
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	38,975	42,209	35,998
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	806,730	387,795	418,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	772,840	371,070	401,770
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	51,523	57,733	45,788
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	773,095	371,075	402,015
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	41,997	46,276	38,048
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	698,020	339,930	358,090
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	51,407	58,478	44,694
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	547,675	243,305	304,370
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,187	6,348	7,857
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	573,945	286,775	287,170
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	49,818	55,260	44,383
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	806,730	387,800	418,930
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	286,395	151,445	134,945
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	62,018	65,432	59,128
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	70,308	75,639	64,325
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	90.1	92.8	86.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	71.7	73.9	69.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	9.9	7.2	13.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	806,585	387,745	418,840
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	33,870	16,525	17,340
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	772,720	371,225	401,490
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.8	95.7	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	101,995	48,170	53,830
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	119,235	50,155	69,080
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	88,630	37,970	50,660
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	76,155	34,125	42,030
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	71,450	32,200	39,250
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	64,375	29,920	34,455
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	55,935	27,325	28,610
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	44,115	22,505	21,610
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	37,470	19,830	17,640
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	30,725	16,315	14,410
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	82,635	52,715	29,915
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	59,790	36,710	23,080
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	22,840	16,005	6,835
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	806,585	387,745	418,840
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	33,615	16,500	17,120
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	772,970	371,250	401,720
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.8	95.7	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	106,505	49,030	57,470
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	124,225	52,825	71,405
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	104,015	45,470	58,545
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	96,015	43,360	52,655
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	88,600	40,820	47,780
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	73,475	35,765	37,710
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	55,960	29,130	26,830
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	43,515	23,420	20,095
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	80,655	51,425	29,235
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	29,325	17,120	12,205
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	16,495	10,420	6,075
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	34,830	23,885	10,950
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	806,585	387,750	418,835
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	232,850	100,335	132,520
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	573,735	287,415	286,320
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	71.1	74.1	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	68,565	33,565	35,000
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	43,065	19,635	23,435
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	72,195	33,385	38,805
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	57,400	27,200	30,200
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	50,800	24,730	26,070
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	47,790	22,325	25,460
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	45,445	21,130	24,310
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	39,780	19,265	20,515
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	31,580	16,115	15,465
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	117,120	70,050	47,065
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	29,815	15,610	14,205
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	24,700	13,360	11,340
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	62,600	41,085	21,520
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	412,530	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	77,185	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	65,965	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	130,115	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	43,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	37,912	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	282,415	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	98,714	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	84,020	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	412,555	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	96,519	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	78,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	130,040	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	52,644	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	42,969	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	282,515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	116,713	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	95,146	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	412,535	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	7,130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	6,180	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	11,755	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	14,915	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	13,775	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	13,755	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	14,330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	14,955	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	15,280	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	15,210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	30,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	29,370	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	26,680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	25,240	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	22,925	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	150,705	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	45,735	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	32,485	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	39,905	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	32,580	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	412,535	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	7,470	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	6,280	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	11,900	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	15,575	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	15,540	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	16,010	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	17,635	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	18,820	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	19,345	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	19,495	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	37,500	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	34,185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	31,215	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	27,340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	23,235	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	110,975	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	43,270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	28,350	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	39,355	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	265,825	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	100,628	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	85,365	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	97,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	96,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	81,219	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	113,195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	129,788	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	108,479	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	46,610	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	60,105	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	53,828	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	265,975	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	118,849	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	96,566	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	97,740	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	113,645	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	91,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	113,445	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	145,906	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	117,727	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	46,420	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	68,797	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	59,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	177,695	84,030	93,665
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	36,682	35,255	37,807
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	32,680	31,421	33,663
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	177,200	83,695	93,505
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	46,323	46,066	46,553
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	38,284	37,850	38,673
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	970,320	471,105	499,220
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	420,725	200,320	220,400
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	101,860	49,920	51,940
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	82,395	38,210	44,185
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	76,780	36,375	40,400
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	77,475	36,605	40,870
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	82,215	39,210	43,005
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	549,595	270,780	278,820
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	89,750	42,975	46,775
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	98,535	47,735	50,800
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	110,490	54,410	56,080
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	127,625	63,305	64,320
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	123,195	62,360	60,835
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	970,320	471,105	499,215
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	196,135	99,865	96,265
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	64,610	32,885	31,725
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	635,690	308,520	327,175
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	138,495	62,715	75,780
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	136,210	64,340	71,870
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	34,680	17,880	16,800
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	12,110	6,285	5,825
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	86,255	40,690	45,570
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	15,275	5,770	9,505
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	14.0	13.7	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	17.7	17.9	17.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	18.7	19.1	18.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	13.6	13.2	13.9
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	11.0	9.2	12.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	119,810	58,070	61,740
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	27,045	13,920	13,125
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	9,575	4,975	4,605
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	82,040	40,220	41,820
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	10,725	3,925	6,800
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	12.3	12.3	12.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	13.8	13.9	13.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	14.8	15.1	14.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	12.9	13.0	12.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	7.7	6.3	9.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	970,805	471,195	499,610
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	957,265	465,840	491,430
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	878,805	431,505	447,295
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	527,240	247,165	280,080
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	282,135	132,755	149,375
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	1,550	570	980
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	905	350	560
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	565	210	350
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	10	0	10
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	15	10	15
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	20	10	10
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	80	40	45
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	60	15	40
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	20	15	10
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	355	125	230
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	50	30	25
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	50	30	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	300	115	190
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	80	30	50
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	205	75	130
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	15	0	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	15	0	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	10	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	575	210	365
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	10	0	10
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	525	195	325
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	45	15	30
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	55	15	40
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	55	15	40
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	10	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	10	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	10	10	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	280,655	132,215	148,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	67,235	33,920	33,315
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	1,205	655	550
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	795	400	395
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	420	260	160
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	9,305	4,175	5,130
Bilen	1,085	625	470	90	50	35
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	375	170	205
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	8,780	3,910	4,875
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	135	55	80
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	58,050	29,785	28,275
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	1,965	945	1,020
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	53,930	27,805	26,120
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	80	20	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	25	15	10
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,510	810	705
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	45	15	30
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	1,130	475	660
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	240	155	85
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	185	95	95
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	7,830	3,750	4,080
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,305	595	705
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	6,555	3,175	3,380
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	10	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	9,610	3,585	6,025
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	30	10	20
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	475	170	300
Fijian	1,660	955	705	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	170	65	105
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	655	275	380
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	200	100	100
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	585	260	330
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	60	20	40
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	55	25	25
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	8,490	3,090	5,395
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	30	10	25
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	105	50	55
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	11,515	4,945	6,575
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	645	265	385
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	10,290	4,410	5,870
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	625	280	350
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	4,045	2,070	1,975
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	340	175	165
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	755	350	405
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	2,560	1,315	1,250
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	680	375	305
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	30	20	10
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	10	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	133,455	62,655	70,800
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	695	315	375
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	660	340	315
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	22,790	10,515	12,270
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	455	200	260
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	250	95	155
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	205	100	105
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	22,415	10,355	12,070
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	130	55	80
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	955	435	525
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	1,095	515	585
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	1,765	830	930
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,130	510	625
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	120	45	75
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	5,500	2,525	2,980
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	8,220	3,825	4,395
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	2,450	1,190	1,260
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	845	455	390
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	760	315	450
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	225	110	115
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	2,115	865	1,250
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	50	15	30
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	335	160	175
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	135	60	70
Welsh	1,690	830	860	70	35	40
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	130	65	60
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	15,070	7,215	7,855
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	320	165	155
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	375	200	180
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	2,265	1,065	1,200
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	40	10	30
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	11,300	5,420	5,880
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	55	25	30
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	275	125	155
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	530	260	270
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	110	50	65
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	345	180	160
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	35	15	20
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	2,950	1,495	1,450
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	30,895	15,755	15,140
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	21,920	11,215	10,710
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	3,835	1,985	1,855
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	1,820	990	830
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	8,675	4,565	4,110
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	10	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	100	55	45
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	420	220	205
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	1,280	650	630
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	60	30	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	5,245	2,740	2,505
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	395	175	220
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	865	400	465
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	6,095	3,030	3,065
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	9,485	4,820	4,665
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	810	450	355
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	1,275	670	605
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	8,130	4,095	4,035
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	185	105	80
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	65,715	29,605	36,110
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	90	45	45
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	15,035	7,205	7,830
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	8,500	4,155	4,340
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	3,370	1,630	1,745
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	42,570	18,380	24,185
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	105	65	35
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	2,420	1,165	1,250
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	50	25	20
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	45	20	20
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	2,370	1,020	1,350
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	55	25	25
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	50	25	25
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	15,390	7,110	8,280
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	615	320	295
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	370	165	205
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	115	50	65
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	355	185	175
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	415	195	225
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	140	75	65
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	205	70	140
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	320	185	135
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	2,355	1,025	1,325
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	2,415	1,065	1,350
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	1,790	765	1,025
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	165	60	100
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	4,080	1,885	2,190
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	685	320	355
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	825	445	380
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	3,660	1,780	1,880
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	380	165	215
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	185	85	105
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	190	80	110
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	1,560	600	960
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	785	250	530
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	180	60	125
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	665	315	350
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	30,150	14,220	15,930
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	29,275	13,805	15,470
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	10,780	5,130	5,650
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	205	90	110
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	19,885	9,145	10,740
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	30	15	20
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	860	375	485
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	335	150	190
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	915	495	425
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	25	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	910	430	475
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	300	140	165
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	370	185	180
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	345	145	200
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	895	365	530
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	355	155	200
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	595	230	365
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	2,145	1,055	1,090
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	140	85	55
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	1,760	865	885
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	45	25	15
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	120	40	75
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	145	70	75
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	2,095	955	1,140
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	180	75	105
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	330	140	190
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	1,590	745	845
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	530	315	220
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	970,800	471,195	499,610
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	904,880	439,540	465,340
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	185,650	94,515	91,140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	719,225	345,020	374,200
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	65,920	31,655	34,270
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	970,800	471,190	499,610
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	740,880	362,000	378,880
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	213,875	100,850	113,020
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	48,560	23,245	25,315
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	28,050	13,530	14,520
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	47,060	21,580	25,475
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	56,195	26,245	29,955
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	25,875	12,050	13,830
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	30,325	14,195	16,130
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	34,000	16,245	17,755
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	16,050	8,340	7,710
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	213,875	100,850	113,020
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	22,945	11,195	11,750
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	38,405	19,725	18,680
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	44,775	20,305	24,465
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	90,095	41,740	48,350
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	17,655	7,890	9,765
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	213,875	100,850	113,025
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	35,320	15,720	19,600
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	1,015	480	540
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	2,560	1,065	1,495
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	1,945	915	1,030
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	1,260	600	660
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	7,940	3,385	4,550
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	2,810	1,210	1,605
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	1,505	620	890
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	1,075	520	555
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,115	435	680
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	7,270	3,400	3,870
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	6,820	3,090	3,730
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	51,435	24,490	26,945
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	2,030	975	1,055
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	880	420	460
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	3,765	1,735	2,035
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	3,280	1,385	1,900
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	880	465	415
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	700	345	350
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	660	295	365
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	5,080	2,650	2,425
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	1,395	680	710
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	3,515	1,580	1,935
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	3,100	1,495	1,610
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	2,675	1,300	1,370
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	2,405	975	1,430
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	905	430	475
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	1,580	730	855
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	11,800	5,965	5,840
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	6,790	3,070	3,720
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	38,235	18,280	19,945
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	2,065	1,060	1,005
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	3,135	1,665	1,470
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	2,145	1,005	1,140
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	1,020	520	505
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	2,665	1,310	1,350
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	1,235	575	660
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	3,810	1,475	2,335
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	730	400	330
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	21,420	10,265	11,150
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	88,190	41,990	46,200
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	2,250	1,145	1,100
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	2,435	1,270	1,170
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	14,135	6,005	8,130
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	2,445	1,210	1,235
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	8,435	4,270	4,165
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	4,120	2,075	2,045
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	3,605	1,925	1,685
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	645	145	500
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	1,510	670	845
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	12,615	6,590	6,025
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	3,280	1,605	1,675
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	8,265	3,105	5,160
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	1,845	885	960
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	3,350	1,695	1,655
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	680	270	405
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	4,855	2,235	2,620
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	13,710	6,880	6,830
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	695	375	325
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	34,005	16,245	17,755
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	5,040	2,350	2,690
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	180	110	70
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	495	230	270
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	195	90	105
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	1,675	745	935
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	135	75	55
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	290	115	175
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	1,125	585	540
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	155	55	100
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	790	350	440
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	3,040	1,450	1,585
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	600	300	300
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	165	70	95
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	90	55	30
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	55	20	30
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	230	105	120
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	300	100	205
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	205	100	105
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	445	250	195
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	955	460	500
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	9,370	4,445	4,930
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	375	160	215
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	725	395	325
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	1,060	450	615
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	390	180	215
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	760	410	345
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	245	115	130
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	330	120	210
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	480	225	250
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	430	195	235
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	375	155	220
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	75	45	30
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	205	100	105
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	3,925	1,890	2,035
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	16,450	7,955	8,500
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	535	280	260
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	540	270	270
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	2,110	865	1,245
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	75	40	30
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	1,610	905	705
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	815	390	425
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	1,100	575	525
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	80	35	40
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	105	25	85
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	220	80	135
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	1,035	545	490
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	280	155	120
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	580	310	265
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	2,565	1,040	1,520
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	330	195	135
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	195	85	110
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	2,030	1,080	955
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	35	10	30
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	160	85	70
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	315	190	125
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	205	80	120
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	1,545	710	835
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	95	45	50
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	80	50	35
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	20	0	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	970,805	471,190	499,610
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	239,025	113,920	125,110
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	178,580	89,525	89,060
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	553,195	267,750	285,440
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	168,150	79,045	89,105
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	75,115	37,765	37,350
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	31,575	18,995	12,580
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	43,535	18,770	24,775
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	47,850	19,285	28,565
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	43,130	21,115	22,020
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	2,055	885	1,165
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	970,800	471,195	499,610
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	28,300	13,155	15,150
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	26,945	12,570	14,370
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	13,200	6,065	7,135
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	12,620	6,015	6,605
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	1,125	490	630
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	595	240	350
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	765	340	420
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	942,495	458,035	484,465
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	970,800	471,195	499,605
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	7,220	3,230	3,990
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	963,580	467,960	495,620
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	970,805	471,195	499,610
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	7,955	3,630	4,330
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	7,785	3,555	4,230
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	5,600	2,575	3,030
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	1,665	755	905
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	515	220	300
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	170	80	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	155	75	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	10	10	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	46,340	21,135	25,195
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	45,125	20,635	24,485
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	33,035	15,005	18,030
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	11,210	5,225	5,985
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	880	405	475
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	1,210	500	710
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	1,085	445	635
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	100	45	50
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	35	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	916,510	446,425	470,085
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	970,800	471,195	499,610
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	243,385	118,095	125,295
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	32,705	16,820	15,890
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	33,670	15,905	17,770
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	71,970	34,135	37,840
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	11,005	4,440	6,560
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	13,750	6,320	7,430
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	45,650	23,930	21,720
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	10,965	5,240	5,720
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	8,600	4,385	4,210
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	2,665	1,215	1,455
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	2,170	910	1,255
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	2,755	1,255	1,495
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	7,485	3,520	3,960
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	727,415	353,100	374,315
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	970,805	471,195	499,610
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	54,290	24,770	29,525
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	39,985	18,155	21,830
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	1,545	685	870
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	14,150	6,520	7,630
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	351,755	170,100	181,660
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	4,110	2,005	2,110
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	10,600	5,195	5,400
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	338,520	163,310	175,210
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	35	20	15
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	580	355	225
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	80	45	40
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	540	240	295
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	5,050	2,635	2,415
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	20	20	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	559,435	271,630	287,805
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	327,280	159,015	168,270
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	90	35	55
Cornish	1,975	995	975	75	45	25
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	157,400	77,660	79,740
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	169,465	79,470	89,995
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	145	85	60
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	137,835	66,995	70,840
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	13,665	6,510	7,160
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	26,665	12,585	14,075
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	221,100	106,080	115,020
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	100	45	60
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	365	185	180
Corsican	1,750	950	805	95	65	30
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	220,875	105,955	114,920
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	95,355	45,980	49,375
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	4,775	2,335	2,440
Bavarian	940	485	455	65	20	50
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	4,885	2,220	2,665
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	22,350	11,090	11,255
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	395	205	195
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	30	15	20
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	66,250	31,745	34,505
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	150	80	75
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	3,960	1,880	2,085
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	125	50	70
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	19,390	9,675	9,710
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	4,290	2,275	2,010
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	3,045	1,465	1,580
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	1,170	545	625
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	5,470	2,720	2,750
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	5,645	2,640	3,010
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	1,235	730	505
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	73,305	35,110	38,195
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	1,520	715	810
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	750	365	385
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	3,035	1,370	1,665
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	495	200	295
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	695	320	375
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	7,155	3,425	3,730
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	915	380	540
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	2,185	1,120	1,065
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	445	210	230
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	27,565	13,210	14,355
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	6,245	3,050	3,190
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	13,355	6,145	7,205
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	2,080	950	1,130
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	20,565	9,910	10,655
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	925	490	440
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	79,640	38,775	40,865
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	975	445	525
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,325	600	725
Catalan	1,280	740	535	20	10	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	3,245	1,540	1,705
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	145	55	85
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	6,750	3,445	3,305
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	41,585	20,575	21,010
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	55	30	25
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	555	205	350
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	495	250	250
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	190	100	90
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	12,185	5,875	6,305
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	3,155	1,575	1,575
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	250	115	135
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,030	490	540
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	12,560	5,780	6,785
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	865	445	425
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	75	30	45
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	7,410	3,820	3,590
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	330	175	160
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	5,100	2,660	2,440
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	85	35	50
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	185	90	95
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	1,770	895	875
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	28,100	12,905	15,195
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	230	130	100
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	160	95	60
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	1,200	500	700
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	90	55	35
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	100	30	70
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	1,340	660	680
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	860	390	465
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	285	145	140
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	15	10	10
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	12,725	5,810	6,915
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	7,395	3,425	3,975
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	60	35	25
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	50	15	30
Montserratan	930	460	470	45	25	20
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	120	60	60
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	760	300	460
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	1,895	865	1,030
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	235	75	155
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,505	660	845
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	1,055	495	560
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	20,470	9,670	10,800
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	1,020	490	530
Arawak	1,440	610	830	75	35	35
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	635	350	285
Belizean	1,755	915	845	55	30	25
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	185	100	90
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,165	620	555
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	1,065	550	515
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	3,440	1,590	1,850
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	195	90	110
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	225	115	110
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	520	170	355
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,825	875	945
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	380	200	175
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	300	95	200
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	370	195	175
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	3,210	1,465	1,740
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	1,070	565	505
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	85	45	40
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	40	20	25
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	1,530	750	780
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	2,375	1,115	1,265
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	130	55	75
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	960	400	560
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,280	555	725
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	68,530	33,485	35,045
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	17,685	8,710	8,980
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	130	70	60
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	235	115	125
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	20	20	10
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	610	325	280
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	415	195	220
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	2,095	1,075	1,020
Chadian	1,845	955	885	215	115	100
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	5,665	2,640	3,030
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	45	20	30
Ewe	845	470	375	75	50	20
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	240	125	110
Gambian	975	495	475	50	30	10
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	1,325	710	615
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	595	280	320
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	110	50	60
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	1,120	510	605
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	95	55	40
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	540	235	305
Malinké	1,125	585	535	130	65	65
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	2,145	1,085	1,060
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	205	95	105
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	815	340	470
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	90	35	55
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	740	390	350
Wolof	840	495	345	65	40	25
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	430	235	195
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	1,510	760	755
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	16,650	8,645	8,005
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	2,400	1,205	1,190
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	1,690	895	790
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	105	55	50
Dinka	900	500	400	45	25	25
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	5,490	2,915	2,570
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	1,210	620	590
Maure	1,190	655	535	105	55	45
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	4,160	2,100	2,065
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	805	395	410
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	1,030	570	455
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	595	295	305
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	25,025	11,865	13,155
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	45	25	25
Amhara	1,530	815	715	70	45	25
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	585	280	310
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	3,005	1,415	1,585
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	870	365	510
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	1,335	610	720
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	2,755	1,260	1,495
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	580	285	295
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	390	185	200
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	325	150	175
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	250	135	120
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	2,355	1,065	1,290
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	15	10	15
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	10,210	4,825	5,385
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	935	480	450
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	290	120	165
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	165	80	85
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	390	185	205
Zambian	1,860	935	920	125	60	70
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	295	140	160
Zulu	945	475	475	60	40	15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	1,355	700	655
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	10,970	5,200	5,770
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	1,325	545	775
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	9,855	4,765	5,085
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	165,170	81,355	83,815
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	66,320	34,250	32,065
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	3,710	1,860	1,850
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	8,085	4,220	3,875
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	1,475	750	730
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	110	40	65
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	195	90	105
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	180	115	65
Hazara	1,515	810	705	65	45	25
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	6,300	3,205	3,100
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	4,685	2,515	2,170
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	550	290	265
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	1,510	795	715
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	140	65	80
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	815	440	375
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	945	480	470
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	40	30	15
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	28,720	14,690	14,030
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	3,555	1,960	1,590
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	175	85	90
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	545	265	280
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	4,640	2,425	2,215
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	110	55	50
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	120	35	90
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	2,495	1,350	1,145
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	125	65	60
Uighur	1,555	775	785	55	35	20
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	200	90	110
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	965	495	470
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	1,920	1,000	925
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	34,580	17,690	16,890
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	2,165	1,120	1,050
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	940	485	460
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	315	165	145
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	23,385	11,990	11,395
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	105	65	45
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	120	80	40
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	35	0	30
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	900	440	455
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	3,875	1,930	1,945
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	845	435	410
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	220	125	100
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	2,050	1,045	1,005
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	680	340	340
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	1,765	885	885
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	65,755	30,170	35,585
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	550	265	290
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	1,930	905	1,025
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	38,420	18,015	20,410
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	12,145	4,970	7,175
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	510	235	280
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	2,760	1,160	1,600
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	285	150	130
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	2,875	1,325	1,550
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	560	250	305
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	395	135	255
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	295	165	130
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	40	15	25
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	645	285	365
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	610	225	385
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	90	40	50
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	8,075	3,975	4,105
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	140	75	65
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	325	145	180
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	325	145	175
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	1,725	825	900
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	1,140	515	625
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	425	250	180
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	195	75	120
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	35	0	25
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	10	0	10
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	20	20	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	80	20	60
Samoan	1,100	625	475	20	10	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	40	25	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	412,555	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	251,440	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	161,110	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	412,555	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	68,420	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	344,135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	412,555	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	3,050	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	65,255	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	100,830	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	149,750	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	93,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	412,555	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	125,765	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	59,400	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	58,030	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	55,465	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	113,890	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	412,555	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	406,325	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	6,225	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	412,555	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	393,250	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	19,300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	412,555	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	75,620	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	132,730	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	67,060	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	47,080	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	29,730	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	31,855	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	28,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	412,555	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	388,650	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	23,900	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	412,555	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	243,170	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	159,485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	9,900	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	412,555	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	19,245	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	65,745	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	72,860	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	85,340	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	78,635	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	53,730	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	27,280	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	9,720	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	412,205	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	312,160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	100,045	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	84,985	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	251,420	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	62.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	13.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,321	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,416	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	349,868	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	400,351	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	161,100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	15.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	40.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,013	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,058	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	806,730	387,795	418,935
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	112,830	56,430	56,400
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	190,325	93,180	97,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	503,580	238,190	265,385
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	47,675	27,625	20,050
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	30,170	15,285	14,885
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	17,500	12,340	5,160
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	151,695	67,130	84,565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	18,375	7,255	11,125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	285,835	136,180	149,655
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	173,840	79,130	94,710
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	16,470	7,100	9,370
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	6,510	3,220	3,290
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	73,850	36,860	36,990
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	15,170	9,870	5,295
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	536,995	258,540	278,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	44,075	23,965	20,110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	102,620	52,315	50,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	390,300	182,255	208,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	34,815	19,680	15,135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	22,360	10,930	11,425
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	12,455	8,745	3,710
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	115,385	51,975	63,415
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	12,515	5,155	7,360
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	227,585	105,455	122,135
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	137,015	61,700	75,320
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	12,690	5,085	7,600
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	5,250	2,350	2,890
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	61,410	29,595	31,820
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	11,225	6,720	4,505
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	806,735	387,800	418,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	303,155	149,605	153,545
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	29,325	7,005	22,315
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	29,325	7,010	22,315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	18,080	8,155	9,925
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	3,630	2,535	1,100
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	14,445	5,615	8,830
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	36,565	14,240	22,330
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	6,525	1,510	5,015
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	8,045	2,525	5,520
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	7,985	3,085	4,900
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	355	115	250
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	2,575	1,540	1,040
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	1,775	1,105	670
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	6,390	3,635	2,750
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	2,910	725	2,185
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	90,840	35,810	55,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	1,445	415	1,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	10,105	3,675	6,435
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	9,055	860	8,195
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	14,470	5,635	8,840
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	1,925	545	1,380
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	13,050	3,380	9,670
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	40,800	21,310	19,490
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	104,700	43,700	60,995
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	150	80	75
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	11,255	3,420	7,840
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	93,290	40,210	53,085
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	25,205	13,050	12,155
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	12,025	5,105	6,915
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	3,735	1,925	1,805
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	815	350	465
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	7,775	5,340	2,435
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	855	330	535
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	33,085	21,615	11,475
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	24,740	17,775	6,965
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	2,970	635	2,335
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	4,570	2,680	1,890
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	810	525	280
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	73,995	64,535	9,460
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	4,525	2,865	1,660
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	29,600	24,140	5,460
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	15,320	13,795	1,530
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	30	10	25
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	10,880	10,620	265
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	9,555	9,265	290
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	4,080	3,845	230
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	6,665	3,615	3,045
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	3,355	1,835	1,520
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	3,310	1,780	1,530
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	60,770	13,545	47,230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	5,630	2,770	2,860
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	53,040	9,645	43,400
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	2,105	1,130	970
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	24,270	12,900	11,370
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	13,645	4,275	9,370
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	635	545	95
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	455	410	50
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	6,845	5,195	1,655
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	2,680	2,475	205
Other	3,170	885	2,280	80	25	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	80	25	55
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	536,995	258,540	278,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	146,695	76,280	70,415
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	20,305	4,615	15,690
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	20,300	4,615	15,685
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	14,005	6,340	7,670
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	2,760	1,845	910
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	11,250	4,495	6,760
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	25,565	9,830	15,740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	5,175	1,155	4,015
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	5,815	1,850	3,965
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	4,875	1,950	2,925
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	275	80	200
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	1,830	1,090	740
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	1,145	730	410
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	4,605	2,585	2,020
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	1,845	385	1,460
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	72,600	27,745	44,855
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	1,205	335	865
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	8,165	2,940	5,215
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	7,205	675	6,530
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	12,050	4,300	7,750
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	1,525	445	1,080
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	10,050	2,500	7,555
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	32,405	16,555	15,845
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	84,165	34,430	49,735
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	140	70	70
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	9,110	2,715	6,405
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	74,915	31,655	43,260
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	18,055	8,835	9,220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	9,270	3,775	5,495
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	2,420	1,225	1,195
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	285	105	180
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	5,480	3,510	1,970
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	600	220	380
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	28,585	18,800	9,790
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	22,280	15,955	6,330
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	2,175	480	1,695
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	3,405	1,915	1,490
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	720	450	270
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	56,350	48,450	7,895
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	3,670	2,235	1,430
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	23,330	18,660	4,670
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	11,525	10,380	1,150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	25	0	25
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	7,835	7,625	220
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	7,010	6,780	235
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	2,950	2,775	175
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	5,350	2,780	2,575
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	2,530	1,280	1,250
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	2,825	1,500	1,325
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	46,610	10,710	35,900
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	4,505	2,190	2,310
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	40,445	7,715	32,730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	1,655	805	850
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	18,625	9,700	8,925
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	10,520	3,265	7,255
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	520	430	85
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	270	235	40
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	5,255	3,875	1,380
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	2,065	1,895	165
Other	2,590	745	1,845	75	25	50
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	75	25	50
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	806,730	387,800	418,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	303,155	149,605	153,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	503,575	238,185	265,390
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	429,735	202,545	227,190
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	330,315	154,715	175,605
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	99,420	47,835	51,585
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	73,845	35,645	38,200
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	10,410	5,820	4,590
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	4,025	1,210	2,810
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	4,460	2,195	2,265
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	7,860	4,445	3,415
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	4,745	2,125	2,620
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	3,350	1,785	1,570
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	38,990	18,060	20,925
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	536,995	258,540	278,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	146,695	76,280	70,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	390,295	182,255	208,040
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	334,160	156,180	177,980
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	257,620	119,490	138,130
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	76,540	36,690	39,845
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	56,140	26,080	30,060
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	7,390	3,955	3,440
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	3,475	1,025	2,455
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	3,090	1,475	1,615
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	4,680	2,585	2,100
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	3,445	1,470	1,975
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	2,700	1,430	1,270
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	31,350	14,140	17,205
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	806,730	387,795	418,935
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	540,785	273,595	267,200
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	500,500	252,025	248,470
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	40,285	21,560	18,725
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	265,945	114,205	151,735
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	67.0	70.6	63.8
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	62.0	65.0	59.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.4	7.9	7.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	806,730	387,795	418,935
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	255,185	109,835	145,350
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	551,545	277,960	273,585
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	293,080	155,995	137,090
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	258,465	121,965	136,495
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.1	43.4	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	540,785	273,590	267,195
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	14,355	7,180	7,180
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	526,430	266,410	260,015
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	475,360	235,845	239,510
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	51,075	30,565	20,510
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	540,785	273,590	267,195
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	14,360	7,185	7,180
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	526,430	266,405	260,020
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	58,180	34,380	23,800
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	100,335	34,345	65,990
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	54,955	41,475	13,490
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	34,350	8,095	26,255
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	88,410	32,355	56,050
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	20,580	9,180	11,395
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	119,430	60,070	59,365
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	41,135	39,175	1,965
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	3,825	3,230	595
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	5,225	4,110	1,115
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	540,785	273,590	267,200
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	14,360	7,180	7,175
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	526,430	266,410	260,020
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	1,265	805	460
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	515	445	70
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	1,455	1,075	385
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	25,200	22,350	2,850
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	13,880	10,135	3,745
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	10,460	7,685	2,775
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	56,315	28,985	27,325
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	15,120	11,675	3,450
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	13,425	8,135	5,290
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	16,430	7,725	8,700
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	9,130	5,295	3,840
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	44,650	26,805	17,840
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	370	150	225
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	24,285	15,215	9,075
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	43,965	15,480	28,485
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	59,560	13,010	46,550
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	10,975	5,425	5,550
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	37,780	19,110	18,670
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	22,360	8,985	13,380
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	119,280	57,925	61,350
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	500,500	252,030	248,470
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	31,490	15,685	15,805
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	1,955	1,310	640
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	41,240	29,870	11,370
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	425,815	205,160	220,655
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	425,815	205,160	220,655
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	353,690	167,740	185,950
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	95	70	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	10,105	5,370	4,735
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	61,925	31,980	29,945
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	467,055	235,025	232,030
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	285,565	153,905	131,665
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	27,000	8,490	18,510
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	100,680	44,680	56,000
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	35,445	16,680	18,770
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	13,910	9,070	4,845
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	4,450	2,210	2,240
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	467,055	235,030	232,025
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	93,095	43,630	49,465
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	180,810	92,520	88,290
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	116,195	60,535	55,660
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	45,795	22,600	23,200
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	31,155	15,745	15,415
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	467,050	235,025	232,025
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	21,715	14,695	7,015
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	83,655	45,960	37,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	138,750	64,785	73,965
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	110,650	51,930	58,715
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	50,755	24,105	26,650
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	61,530	33,550	27,980
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	568,065	286,120	281,945
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	529,595	267,550	262,050
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	526,010	265,715	260,295
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	421,720	219,020	202,700
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	104,290	46,685	57,600
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	3,585	1,835	1,750
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	80	30	55
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	55	25	30
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	60	25	30
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	15	10	10
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	40	15	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	25	10	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	25	0	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	3,505	1,805	1,700
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	635	385	255
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	20	0	20
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	25	0	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	615	380	235
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	595	370	220
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	15	10	10
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	155	50	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	10	10	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	155	50	105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	45	20	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	10	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	30	15	10
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	10	10	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	1,030	495	535
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	215	85	135
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	215	80	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	10	10	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	10	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	35	10	25
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	110	35	80
Serbian	530	320	210	20	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	120	50	70
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	10	10	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	15	10	10
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	80	25	45
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	125	65	60
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	50	25	25
Bengali	530	275	245	10	10	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	15	15	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	15	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	75	35	40
Kurdish	185	150	40	10	10	10
Pashto	50	20	25	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	60	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	555	290	260
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	40	30	15
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	120	80	45
Romanian	745	365	380	10	0	10
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	385	185	205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	55	20	30
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	10	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	10	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	85	50	45
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	30	10	20
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	10	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	15	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	10	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	45	20	25
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	25	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	15	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	1,295	690	610
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	1,290	685	605
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	515	295	230
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	730	360	375
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	35	30	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	10	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	10	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	30	15	15
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	30	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	30	15	10
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	10	0
Turkish	685	435	255	15	10	10
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	10	0	10
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	10	0	10
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	38,475	18,575	19,895
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	34,400	16,545	17,855
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	2,985	1,495	1,490
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	170	80	90
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	920	460	460
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	568,070	286,125	281,945
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	378,905	196,195	182,710
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	61,405	28,170	33,235
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	116,765	56,340	60,420
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	9,070	4,555	4,520
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	165	45	120
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	8,910	4,505	4,400
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	145	55	90
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	400	180	215
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	1,365	615	755
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	960,570	466,105	494,470
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	821,710	397,950	423,760
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	138,865	68,155	70,710
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	96,480	47,245	49,235
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	42,380	20,910	21,470
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	29,090	14,200	14,890
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	16,465	7,810	8,655
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	12,620	6,385	6,240
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	13,295	6,715	6,585
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	917,190	444,170	473,020
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	539,410	260,105	279,305
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	377,780	184,065	193,720
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	247,995	120,400	127,595
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	129,785	63,660	66,120
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	85,295	41,255	44,040
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	48,640	23,110	25,535
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	36,655	18,150	18,505
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	44,490	22,410	22,085