Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Salaberry--Suroît [Federal electoral district], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Salaberry--Suroît Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Salaberry--Suroît [Federal electoral district], Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	112,826	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	107,036	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	53,166	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	48,889	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	52.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	2,149.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	112,825	56,035	56,795
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	17,875	9,210	8,665
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	6,190	3,205	2,990
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	6,190	3,180	3,010
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	5,490	2,825	2,670
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	72,070	36,180	35,890
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	5,820	2,945	2,875
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	6,460	3,340	3,115
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	6,385	3,210	3,170
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	6,375	3,245	3,130
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	6,840	3,405	3,430
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	6,240	3,125	3,115
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	7,005	3,495	3,510
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	8,945	4,410	4,545
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	9,665	4,805	4,860
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	8,345	4,205	4,140
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	22,880	10,645	12,240
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	7,490	3,720	3,770
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	6,075	2,960	3,110
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	3,865	1,810	2,045
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	2,755	1,160	1,595
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	2,700	980	1,720
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,755	700	1,055
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	725	235	485
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	195	50	150
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	20	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	15.8	16.4	15.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	63.9	64.6	63.2
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	20.3	19.0	21.6
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.4	1.7	3.0
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	43.2	42.4	44.0
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	45.3	44.2	46.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	48,885	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	31,135	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	17,410	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	2,520	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	790	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	4,030	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	9,905	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	170	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	48,885	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	15,425	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	18,280	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	6,880	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	5,525	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	2,775	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	109,885	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	94,955	46,830	48,125
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	55,560	27,760	27,800
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	31,125	15,585	15,540
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	24,430	12,180	12,255
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	39,395	19,065	20,330
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	24,955	13,820	11,140
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	1,355	675	685
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	6,945	3,115	3,830
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	6,135	1,455	4,680
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	32,535	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	18,450	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	6,570	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	5,280	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	2,240	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	32,535	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	27,220	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	15,015	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	12,210	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	5,315	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	3,875	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	1,435	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	27,220	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	15,145	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	12,075	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	5,055	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	4,890	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	2,130	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	5,310	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,305	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,510	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	20,195	10,220	9,975
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	48,890	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	31,685	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	14,795	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	16,890	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	420	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	16,780	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	15,425	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,360	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	111,225	55,335	55,890
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	4,635	2,310	2,325
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	58,540	27,685	30,855
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	47,925	25,265	22,655
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	125	70	55
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	111,225	55,335	55,890
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	12,475	6,320	6,155
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	97,830	48,550	49,280
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	805	405	400
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	115	60	50
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	12,875	6,520	6,355
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	11.6	11.8	11.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	111,225	55,335	55,890
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	109,620	54,525	55,095
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	107,265	53,330	53,935
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	11,155	5,645	5,515
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	96,105	47,680	48,425
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	2,355	1,195	1,160
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	295	120	170
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	5	0	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	5	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	285	120	165
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	285	120	165
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	2,055	1,075	985
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	190	115	75
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	10	5	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	180	105	65
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	0	0	0
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	180	110	70
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	0	0	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	95	40	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	10	5	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	85	30	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	35	10	30
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	5	0	5
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	0	0	0
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	10	5	5
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	40	25	15
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	40	25	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	10	5	5
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	0	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	0	0	5
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	5	5	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	1,400	740	660
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	0	0	0
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	15	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	205	110	100
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	5	5	0
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	0	0	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	5	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	200	105	95
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	5	5	0
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	10	10	5
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	5	0	0
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	15	5	5
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	0	5	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	50	25	25
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	75	35	35
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	0	0	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	5	0
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	25	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	350	180	170
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	5	0	0
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	5	0	5
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	70	35	35
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	250	130	120
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	5	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	0	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	15	5	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	75	40	25
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	55	35	20
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	30	15	10
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	15	5	5
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	5	5	0
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	0	0	0
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	0	0	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	5	5	5
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	0	0	0
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	5	5	0
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	25	15	5
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	5	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	695	360	340
Catalan	865	440	425	5	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	190	115	75
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	70	30	40
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	60	35	30
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	375	180	195
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	45	20	20
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	0	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	0	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	10	5	10
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	5	0	0
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	10	10	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	5	5	0
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	110	45	65
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	110	45	65
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	30	10	15
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	60	25	35
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	20	5	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	0	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	10	5	5
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	0	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	35	15	25
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	35	10	25
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	50	30	25
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	5	0	5
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	5	0	5
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	40	25	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	10	10	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,605	805	795
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	1,365	685	680
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	80	40	40
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	120	65	55
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	45	15	30
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	111,225	55,335	55,890
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	109,250	54,360	54,895
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	108,450	53,950	54,500
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	11,805	6,000	5,805
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	96,645	47,950	48,695
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	805	410	395
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	60	30	30
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	60	30	30
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	55	30	25
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	740	380	360
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	65	35	30
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	5	5	5
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	60	30	25
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	60	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	60	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	10	5	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	45	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	0	0	0
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	5	0	5
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	0	0	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	5	5	5
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	485	250	235
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	0	0	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	95	50	45
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	95	50	45
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	5	5	5
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	5	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	0	0	5
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	5	5	5
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	15	5	5
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	45	20	20
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	5	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	65	30	35
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	5	0	0
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	55	25	30
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	5	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	35	10	20
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	20	5	10
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	10	0	10
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	5	0	0
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	0	0	0
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	5	5	5
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	10	10	5
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	5	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	270	145	130
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	45	25	25
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	15	5	10
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	40	20	25
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	170	100	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	15	10	0
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	65	35	35
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	65	35	35
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	15	10	5
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	40	15	20
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	0	0
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	5	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	25	15	15
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	5	5	0
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	0	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,975	980	995
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	1,435	690	740
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	175	90	85
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	285	155	135
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	75	40	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	111,220	55,335	55,890
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	99,530	49,410	50,120
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	7,200	3,690	3,510
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	3,210	1,600	1,615
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	975	490	485
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	285	135	150
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	695	360	335
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	75	35	40
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	155	75	75
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	75	40	40
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	92,085	45,670	46,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	89,155	44,340	44,815
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	31,435	36,914	26,130
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	89,190	44,345	44,845
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	28,354	32,451	24,299
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	77,300	39,580	37,715
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	28,301	34,425	22,516
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	69,940	32,970	36,965
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	8,416	7,778	8,929
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	62,740	33,355	29,380
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	29,494	33,994	25,432
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	92,140	45,735	46,405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	89,065	44,310	44,755
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	37,908	44,018	31,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	89,105	44,315	44,790
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	31,891	36,184	27,644
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	77,410	39,650	37,760
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	35,276	41,936	28,282
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	69,765	32,910	36,860
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	9,255	8,740	9,715
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	62,845	33,355	29,485
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	35,166	39,606	30,144
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	92,140	45,740	46,405
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	28,445	15,680	12,765
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	43,475	48,830	38,590
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	49,049	54,627	42,199
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	80.9	85.2	75.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	65.8	68.5	62.2
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	19.1	14.8	25.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	92,080	45,675	46,410
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	2,925	1,335	1,595
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	89,160	44,340	44,820
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.8	97.1	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	10,620	4,415	6,205
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	17,235	6,585	10,655
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	14,845	6,540	8,305
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	13,105	6,625	6,475
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	10,970	5,820	5,150
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	7,365	4,325	3,040
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	4,880	2,975	1,905
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	3,680	2,335	1,345
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	2,340	1,595	745
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,340	965	375
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	2,770	2,160	610
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,095	1,635	455
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	680	520	160
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	92,085	45,675	46,410
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	2,895	1,330	1,565
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	89,190	44,350	44,845
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.9	97.1	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	11,060	4,510	6,555
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	18,220	7,060	11,165
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	18,220	8,390	9,830
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	16,525	8,720	7,805
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	10,895	6,225	4,675
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	6,500	4,015	2,485
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,820	2,510	1,310
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	1,755	1,240	515
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	2,190	1,680	505
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	850	665	185
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	435	350	90
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	895	670	225
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	92,085	45,675	46,410
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	29,350	12,315	17,030
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	62,740	33,355	29,380
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	68.1	73.0	63.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	8,770	4,970	3,805
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	4,780	2,010	2,770
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	9,640	4,140	5,500
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	8,590	3,950	4,640
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	8,380	4,090	4,290
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	6,845	3,710	3,130
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	4,710	2,845	1,865
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	3,410	2,170	1,235
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	2,900	1,825	1,080
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	4,715	3,640	1,070
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,735	1,285	455
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,045	785	255
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	1,935	1,570	365
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	48,890	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	56,867	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	50,082	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	15,420	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	28,853	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	26,643	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	33,470	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	73,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	63,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	48,895	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	69,052	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	58,115	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	15,460	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	36,058	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	30,641	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	33,435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	84,307	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	70,819	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	48,890	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	755	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	2,585	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	2,720	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	2,240	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	2,770	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	2,825	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	2,720	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	2,500	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	4,480	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	3,955	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	3,495	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	3,005	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	2,610	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	10,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	4,485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	2,520	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,060	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	48,890	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	485	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	765	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,790	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	2,700	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	3,085	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,695	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	3,460	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	3,340	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	3,105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	2,980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	5,260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	4,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	3,685	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	2,940	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,265	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	5,760	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	3,300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,370	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,085	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	32,530	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	73,520	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	63,804	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	14,485	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	64,649	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	56,307	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	12,160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	98,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	83,520	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	5,100	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	49,294	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	44,964	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	32,470	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	84,484	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	70,877	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	14,385	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	76,623	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	63,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	12,180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	106,294	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	88,765	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	5,120	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	54,766	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	48,208	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	18,255	9,305	8,950
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	27,357	31,509	24,443
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	25,353	28,172	23,398
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	18,360	9,315	9,045
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	34,473	38,042	30,799
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	29,412	31,653	27,106
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	109,890	54,840	55,050
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	68,435	33,405	35,030
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	10,235	4,920	5,315
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	13,330	6,050	7,280
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	15,670	7,685	7,985
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	15,350	7,735	7,620
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	13,845	7,015	6,830
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	41,455	21,435	20,020
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	12,670	6,465	6,205
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	11,055	5,700	5,355
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	8,500	4,450	4,045
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	5,995	3,160	2,840
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	3,230	1,655	1,570
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	108,705	54,280	54,425
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	20,725	10,670	10,055
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	7,315	3,800	3,515
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	67,480	33,805	33,675
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	20,500	9,805	10,700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	15,970	7,295	8,680
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	3,180	1,615	1,560
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,075	525	550
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	9,040	4,285	4,755
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	3,755	1,395	2,355
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	14.7	13.4	15.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	15.3	15.1	15.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	14.7	13.8	15.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	13.4	12.7	14.1
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	18.3	14.2	22.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	6,520	3,245	3,270
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,115	545	575
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	390	180	210
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	5,010	2,540	2,470
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	395	165	230
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	6.0	6.0	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	5.4	5.1	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	5.3	4.7	6.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	7.4	7.5	7.3
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.9	1.7	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,955	54,875	55,085
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	109,850	54,825	55,025
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	52,360	27,525	24,835
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	105,170	52,460	52,705
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	5,200	2,610	2,590
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	515	235	275
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	10	10	0
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	10	10	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	10	10	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	15	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	485	220	270
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	490	215	270
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	4,685	2,375	2,315
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	325	185	140
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	10	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	10	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	305	175	130
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	295	170	130
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	15	10	10
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	70	30	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	70	35	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	45	0	45
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	10	0	0
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	10
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	0	0	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	10	0	10
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	35	0	35
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	90	30	60
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	80	25	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	10	10	0
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	0	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	10	0	0
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	3,705	1,900	1,810
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	0	0	0
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	280	170	110
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	10	10	0
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	0	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	10	10	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	265	160	105
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	25	10	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	0	0	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	15	10	10
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	0	0	0
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	10	10	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	60	40	20
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	110	55	55
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	0	0	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	0	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	60	45	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	10	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	0	10	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	535	275	260
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	10	10	10
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	10	0	10
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	70	40	30
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	430	215	215
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	0	0	0
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	10	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	155	90	60
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	90	45	45
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	65	30	35
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	25	10	15
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	20	10	10
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	0	0	0
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	25	15	10
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	10	0	0
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	20	10	10
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	10	0	10
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	15	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	2,775	1,385	1,390
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	460	275	185
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	150	85	65
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	100	60	40
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	2,155	1,010	1,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	10	10	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	30	15	10
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	85	35	50
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	15	10	15
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	15	0	15
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	25	15	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	30	0	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	105	65	40
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	15	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	50	30	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	55	35	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	205	95	110
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	210	95	110
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	95	30	60
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	100	55	45
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	35	25	15
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	10	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	35	20	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	30	15	15
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	45	35	15
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	0	0	0
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	45	35	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	109,955	54,875	55,080
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	109,065	54,445	54,625
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	21,205	10,955	10,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	87,865	43,490	44,375
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	890	435	460
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,955	54,875	55,080
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	106,340	53,065	53,275
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	3,435	1,710	1,720
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	1,545	800	740
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	435	205	230
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	475	200	270
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	730	370	360
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	360	185	175
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	370	185	190
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	255	135	120
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	180	95	80
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	3,435	1,710	1,725
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	545	285	260
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	625	335	290
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	850	395	450
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	1,230	610	620
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	190	80	105
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	3,435	1,710	1,720
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	860	310	560
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	25	10	10
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	50	15	40
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	10	0	10
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	0	0	0
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	60	10	50
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	10	10	10
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	85	35	50
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	25	15	10
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	15	10	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	440	130	310
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	135	65	70
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	1,765	1,000	760
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	10	0	0
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	10	0	10
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	535	295	235
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	175	80	95
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	45	35	15
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	35	20	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	10	10	0
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	115	80	35
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	45	30	15
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	15	15	0
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	40	20	20
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	85	50	25
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	35	10	25
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	0	0	0
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	35	25	15
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	170	90	85
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	400	240	160
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	390	220	170
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	65	35	30
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	35	30	0
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	0	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	0	0	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	140	80	60
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	0	0	0
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	135	70	70
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	405	175	235
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	10	0	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	120	30	85
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	0	0	10
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	15	10	0
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	0	0	0
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	0	0	0
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	0	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	20	15	0
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	30	15	10
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	15	10	10
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	40	10	35
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	10	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	0	10	0
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	0	0	10
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	55	20	30
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	75	40	35
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	15	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	255	140	120
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	75	40	40
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	10	10	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	10	10	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	35	10	25
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	15	10	10
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	10	0	0
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	85	60	25
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	45	35	10
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	10	10	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	0	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	20	10	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	10	10	0
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	40	20	20
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	0	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	10	10	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	0	10	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	60	20	35
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	0	0	0
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	10	10	10
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	0	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	10	10	0
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	10	10	10
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	0	0	0
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	0	0	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	10	0	10
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	10	0	10
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	0	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,955	54,875	55,080
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	3,930	1,950	1,980
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	5,160	2,640	2,515
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	100,870	50,280	50,585
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	1,960	950	1,010
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	805	475	325
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	400	255	150
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	400	220	185
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	975	380	595
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	155	90	70
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	25	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,960	54,880	55,080
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	2,640	1,305	1,335
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	2,520	1,265	1,250
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	1,870	900	970
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	615	350	260
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	25	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	55	10	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	70	25	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	107,315	53,570	53,745
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	109,955	54,875	55,080
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,605	740	860
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	108,350	54,135	54,220
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	109,960	54,875	55,080
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	2,240	1,080	1,155
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	2,235	1,080	1,155
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	2,045	985	1,055
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	170	80	90
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	20	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	3,575	1,640	1,940
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	3,495	1,610	1,890
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	2,980	1,365	1,615
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	485	230	260
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	75	25	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	75	30	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	104,140	52,150	51,990
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,955	54,875	55,080
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	1,930	970	955
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	125	55	70
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	240	105	135
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	605	300	300
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	70	25	45
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	305	145	165
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	290	180	110
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	145	65	80
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	0	10	0
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	30	25	10
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	40	15	20
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	65	55	15
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	108,030	53,905	54,120
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,955	54,875	55,080
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	5,815	2,720	3,095
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	5,105	2,380	2,725
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	55	30	20
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	740	340	405
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	82,210	40,750	41,455
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	465	175	295
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	915	395	520
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	79,100	39,305	39,805
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	40	20	20
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	2,915	1,455	1,460
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	40,760	20,505	20,255
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	14,640	7,200	7,445
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	4,960	2,400	2,560
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	8,035	3,900	4,140
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	10	0	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	5,150	2,535	2,615
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	120	55	65
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	530	235	295
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	26,965	13,505	13,460
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	225	90	135
Corsican	1,750	950	805	10	10	10
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	26,855	13,475	13,380
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	4,180	2,060	2,115
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	105	40	65
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	795	380	415
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	730	345	385
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	30	10	15
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	2,270	1,155	1,120
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	10	10	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	540	275	265
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	380	200	180
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	65	30	35
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	55	30	30
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	0	0	0
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	155	55	95
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	70	45	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	55	40	15
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	1,595	860	740
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	10	0	0
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	10	0	0
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	75	35	40
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	35	10	20
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	0	0	0
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	305	190	115
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	0	0	0
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	40	25	10
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	450	230	215
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	200	110	90
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	280	120	160
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	60	25	35
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	345	195	150
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	20	20	0
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	3,185	1,675	1,505
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	0	0	0
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	25	10	10
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	15	0	10
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	310	165	145
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	2,115	1,135	975
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	10	0	0
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	10	10	0
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	240	140	105
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	10	0	0
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	20	0	20
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	0	0	0
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	575	260	315
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	55	25	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	170	80	90
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	10	10	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	80	35	40
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	90	40	50
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	460	255	205
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	10	15	0
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	0	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	15	10	0
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	70	35	35
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	10	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	205	100	110
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	100	65	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	30	15	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	35	25	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	10	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	545	250	295
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	0	10	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	25	20	10
Belizean	1,755	915	845	20	10	15
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	20	0	20
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	35	25	10
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	20	0	10
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	100	15	80
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	15	10	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	45	35	15
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	10	10	0
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	10	10	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	45	20	25
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	125	65	60
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	0	0	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	10	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	70	30	45
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	35	20	15
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	10
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	0	0	0
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	755	370	385
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	165	95	75
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	20	10	10
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	65	40	30
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	15	15	0
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	10	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	10	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	0	0	0
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	35	15	20
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	25	15	10
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	500	255	240
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	100	45	55
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	30	15	10
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	80	50	30
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	240	130	110
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	50	15	30
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	60	15	50
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	10	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	10	0	10
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	10	0	10
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	30	10	20
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	10	0	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	0	0	0
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	0	10	10
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	50	10	40
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	45	10	35
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	1,015	500	510
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	260	150	110
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	45	25	20
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	25	25	0
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	10	10	0
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	0	0	0
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	15	10	10
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	10	0	10
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	20	0	15
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	55	30	25
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	0	0	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	65	30	35
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	60	30	25
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	160	75	80
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	25	10	20
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	120	60	55
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	10	0	10
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	10	0	10
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	0	0	0
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	0	0	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	595	275	315
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	10	10	10
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	340	155	180
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	100	45	55
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	0	0	0
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	35	15	25
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	15	15	0
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	0	0	0
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	0	0	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	0	0	0
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	30	10	20
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	105	45	60
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	0	0	0
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	40	25	15
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	25	15	10
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	0	0	0
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	48,895	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	33,790	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	15,050	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	48,895	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	2,550	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	46,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	48,900	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	5,730	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	15,970	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	17,615	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	9,535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	48,895	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	13,725	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	9,095	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	7,020	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	6,690	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	12,370	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	48,895	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	48,680	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	48,895	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	47,735	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	48,895	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	14,905	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	13,840	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	6,235	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	4,370	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	2,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	3,630	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	3,495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	48,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	45,245	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	3,655	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	48,895	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	31,300	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	17,200	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	48,895	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,490	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	6,350	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	7,360	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	9,220	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	10,975	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	8,355	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	4,015	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	47,570	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	38,025	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	9,540	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	8,820	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	32,690	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	63.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	949	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	986	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	210,927	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	244,283	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	14,940	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	7.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	34.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	661	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	692	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	92,140	45,735	46,405
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	24,105	12,875	11,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	22,485	10,665	11,815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	45,555	22,190	23,365
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	19,540	11,955	7,580
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	13,660	7,290	6,370
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	5,875	4,660	1,215
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	14,885	5,765	9,120
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	2,280	900	1,380
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	8,860	3,570	5,280
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	6,385	2,410	3,975
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	935	390	550
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	155	95	65
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,265	615	650
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	110	75	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	59,310	29,585	29,725
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	10,960	6,425	4,535
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	13,935	6,860	7,080
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	34,410	16,300	18,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	15,065	8,990	6,070
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	10,700	5,555	5,145
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	4,365	3,440	925
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	10,995	4,155	6,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	1,535	645	895
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	6,815	2,510	4,300
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	5,075	1,815	3,255
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	660	225	430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	100	45	55
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	915	385	525
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	70	35	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	92,140	45,735	46,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	46,580	23,545	23,040
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,705	880	2,825
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,705	880	2,825
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,115	490	625
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	230	185	45
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	880	305	580
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,930	850	1,080
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	120	25	90
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	75	50	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	1,230	535	700
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	90	55	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	130	70	60
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	145	85	55
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	130	20	110
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	3,040	700	2,340
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	30	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	195	65	130
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,175	55	1,115
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	490	130	360
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	85	10	75
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	400	115	290
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	670	320	345
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	8,800	2,350	6,450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	460	85	370
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	8,330	2,260	6,070
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	1,155	650	505
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	240	90	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	235	125	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	165	85	80
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	370	270	100
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	145	80	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	995	595	395
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	855	535	325
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	70	30	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	55	30	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	12,475	11,695	780
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	165	85	80
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	770	695	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	2,310	2,045	270
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	3,065	2,985	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	3,655	3,525	130
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	2,505	2,360	150
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,525	995	530
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	1,390	905	480
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	135	95	45
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	6,275	785	5,490
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	315	140	175
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	5,925	620	5,305
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	35	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	4,530	2,175	2,355
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	2,615	575	2,040
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	765	570	190
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	1,130	1,010	120
Other	3,170	885	2,280	20	15	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	15	15	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	59,305	29,580	29,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	24,895	13,280	11,615
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	2,390	515	1,870
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	2,385	520	1,870
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	825	355	465
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	170	135	40
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	650	225	430
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,145	480	670
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	80	10	70
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	35	30	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	705	280	425
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	70	45	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	65	40	25
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	110	70	40
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	90	10	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	2,445	495	1,950
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	175	50	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	985	25	955
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	395	85	305
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	45	10	45
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	300	80	220
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	520	235	285
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	6,825	1,640	5,190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	320	35	280
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	6,500	1,595	4,905
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	765	425	335
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	180	60	125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	120	65	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	35	20	15
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	310	220	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	115	60	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	800	470	330
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	715	440	275
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	55	20	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	9,460	8,775	690
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	125	60	70
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	635	565	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,790	1,550	240
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	2,185	2,120	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	2,840	2,715	120
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	1,885	1,755	125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,245	810	430
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,130	725	400
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	115	90	30
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	4,945	595	4,350
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	250	120	130
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	4,685	470	4,215
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	15	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	3,555	1,735	1,820
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	2,010	445	1,565
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	605	450	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	920	820	100
Other	2,590	745	1,845	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	92,140	45,735	46,405
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	46,580	23,545	23,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	45,560	22,190	23,365
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	44,335	21,535	22,800
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	42,875	20,695	22,175
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	1,465	835	630
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	1,225	660	565
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	360	180	180
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	20	0	20
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	10	10	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	35	20	20
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	35	15	20
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	270	165	100
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	495	275	220
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	59,310	29,585	29,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	24,895	13,280	11,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	34,410	16,295	18,110
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	33,530	15,845	17,680
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	32,480	15,285	17,195
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	1,050	560	485
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	880	450	430
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	255	135	120
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	20	0	20
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	10	10	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	25	10	15
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	35	15	20
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	190	115	75
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	350	170	180
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	92,140	45,740	46,405
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	57,445	30,230	27,215
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	53,505	27,800	25,705
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,940	2,435	1,505
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	34,700	15,510	19,195
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	62.3	66.1	58.6
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	58.1	60.8	55.4
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	6.9	8.1	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	92,140	45,735	46,405
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	32,935	14,570	18,365
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	59,205	31,165	28,040
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	29,255	16,270	12,990
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	29,945	14,895	15,055
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.0	43.1	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	57,440	30,230	27,210
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,365	715	655
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	56,075	29,515	26,560
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	48,885	24,930	23,955
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	7,190	4,585	2,605
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	57,440	30,230	27,215
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,365	715	650
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	56,075	29,515	26,560
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	5,355	3,535	1,825
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	7,750	2,010	5,735
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	2,060	1,570	490
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	4,100	505	3,595
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	6,150	1,460	4,685
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	935	395	545
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	12,495	5,015	7,480
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	11,850	11,125	725
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	1,595	1,165	435
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	3,775	2,740	1,040
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	57,440	30,230	27,210
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,370	715	650
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	56,075	29,515	26,560
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	2,815	1,945	875
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	275	245	25
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	555	450	100
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	4,585	4,125	460
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	7,315	5,460	1,855
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	2,250	1,565	690
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	7,115	3,170	3,950
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	4,025	2,935	1,090
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	510	275	235
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,285	345	940
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	560	340	215
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	2,215	980	1,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	15	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,040	1,360	680
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	3,495	960	2,530
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	7,400	885	6,515
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	990	490	500
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,415	1,155	2,255
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,915	1,525	1,385
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	2,300	1,290	1,010
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	53,510	27,800	25,710
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	3,915	2,050	1,865
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	225	130	95
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	5,225	4,215	1,005
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	44,140	21,400	22,740
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	44,140	21,400	22,740
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	14,380	6,550	7,830
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	9,710	4,340	5,370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	19,695	10,330	9,360
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	350	175	175
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	49,365	25,615	23,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	44,190	23,240	20,950
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	1,715	795	925
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	760	275	485
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,045	900	1,140
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	290	210	80
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	365	200	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	49,360	25,615	23,745
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	16,025	7,560	8,470
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	16,310	8,005	8,305
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	8,430	4,585	3,845
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	4,545	2,920	1,625
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	4,050	2,545	1,505
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	49,360	25,615	23,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	5,110	3,840	1,265
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	10,575	6,815	3,760
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	14,485	6,905	7,585
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	7,695	2,625	5,070
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	3,690	1,225	2,470
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	7,805	4,205	3,600
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	60,840	31,960	28,880
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	57,095	30,055	27,040
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	57,040	30,040	27,005
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	5,900	3,250	2,650
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	51,140	26,785	24,350
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	55	20	35
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	10	0	10
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	10	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	45	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	10
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	25	15	15
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	10
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	25	15	10
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	0	0	0
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	0	0	0
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	0	0	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	0	0	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	10
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	3,750	1,905	1,845
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	3,675	1,880	1,795
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	20	10	15
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	25	10	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	60,845	31,960	28,880
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	40,670	21,670	19,000
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	16,505	8,305	8,205
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	3,345	1,770	1,570
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	220	145	75
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	45	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	180	130	45
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	10	10	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	70	50	15
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	25	20	0
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	108,750	54,280	54,465
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	96,745	48,290	48,460
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	12,000	5,990	6,010
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	5,770	2,915	2,855
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	6,235	3,080	3,155
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	6,080	2,985	3,090
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	5,805	2,835	2,970
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	270	150	120
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	155	95	60
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	103,780	51,735	52,045
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	68,665	34,435	34,230
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	35,110	17,300	17,810
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	16,655	8,380	8,275
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	18,455	8,920	9,535
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	17,995	8,690	9,310
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	17,470	8,430	9,040
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	525	255	265
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	465	235	225