Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Elgin--Middlesex--London Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Elgin--Middlesex--London [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	115,052	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	110,109	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	46,595	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	44,623	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	46.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	2,484.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	115,050	56,755	58,300
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	21,440	11,030	10,415
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	6,615	3,405	3,205
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	7,480	3,840	3,645
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	7,340	3,785	3,555
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	72,905	36,150	36,755
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	7,150	3,670	3,475
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	6,380	3,335	3,045
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	5,705	2,785	2,925
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	6,255	3,035	3,215
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	6,685	3,235	3,445
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	7,280	3,575	3,705
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	7,665	3,780	3,885
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	9,110	4,520	4,590
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	8,860	4,350	4,505
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	7,810	3,855	3,960
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	20,710	9,575	11,130
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	7,160	3,455	3,710
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	5,130	2,505	2,620
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	3,605	1,725	1,880
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	2,385	1,055	1,330
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	2,430	835	1,590
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,540	585	955
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	700	210	490
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	170	40	130
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	25	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	18.6	19.4	17.9
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	63.4	63.7	63.0
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	18.0	16.9	19.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.5	2.7
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.2	40.3	42.0
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	42.7	41.8	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	44,620	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	35,210	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	1,560	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	7,360	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,530	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,210	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	785	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	3,715	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	44,625	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	10,670	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	16,770	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	6,750	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	6,295	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	4,140	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	113,265	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	93,610	45,725	47,885
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	58,850	29,400	29,445
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	50,535	25,275	25,265
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	8,310	4,130	4,180
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	34,765	16,325	18,440
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	21,000	11,475	9,525
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,820	1,280	1,540
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	5,255	2,305	2,955
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	5,690	1,265	4,425
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	33,610	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	17,360	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	6,690	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	6,070	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	3,485	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	33,605	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	29,020	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	24,865	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	4,155	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	4,585	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	3,580	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	1,005	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	29,020	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	14,610	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	14,410	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	5,340	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	5,710	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	3,360	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	4,585	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	2,750	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,345	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	14,420	6,765	7,655
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	44,620	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	32,275	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	14,065	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	18,210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	655	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	11,690	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	10,670	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,020	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	113,625	56,120	57,510
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	107,830	53,690	54,140
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	10	0	5
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	4,980	2,075	2,910
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	810	355	455
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	113,630	56,120	57,505
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	111,745	55,260	56,480
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	990	465	520
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	115	50	60
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	780	340	440
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,040	490	550
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	0.9	0.9	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	113,625	56,120	57,510
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	112,580	55,615	56,970
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	97,650	48,255	49,395
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	96,550	47,745	48,805
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	1,100	510	590
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	14,935	7,360	7,570
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	10	5	0
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	0	0	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	0	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	5	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	14,925	7,355	7,570
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	670	350	320
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	665	350	320
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	0	0
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	540	280	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	35	15	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	20	10	10
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	5	0	5
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	60	35	30
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	285	140	145
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	155	75	85
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	135	70	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	165	50	115
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	5	0	10
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	10	5	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	135	45	90
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	25	10	15
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	0	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	20	10	10
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	5	5	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	0	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	13,030	6,440	6,590
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	145	70	75
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	1,415	685	725
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	50	25	30
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	10	5	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	45	20	25
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	1,365	665	695
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	40	20	20
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	0	0	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	280	145	135
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	60	30	35
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	540	255	290
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	85	45	40
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	60	30	30
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	20	10	10
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	50	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	35	15	20
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	180	85	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	5	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	9,340	4,595	4,740
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	25	15	10
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	40	20	20
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	1,385	680	705
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	25	10	15
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	7,675	3,770	3,905
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	0	0	0
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	155	85	75
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	20	10	10
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	95	45	45
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	400	190	210
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	305	145	155
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	0	0	0
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	60	30	30
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	35	15	20
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	0	0	5
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	110	55	60
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	5	5	0
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	75	40	35
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	100	45	55
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	45	25	20
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	1,625	835	785
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	410	225	180
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	670	355	315
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	55	25	30
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	485	230	255
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	105	50	60
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	10	5	5
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	5	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	5	5
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	5	5	0
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	25	20	5
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	20	15	5
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	225	100	125
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	220	100	120
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	110	50	60
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	90	35	55
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	5	5	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	5	5	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	35	15	20
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	20	15	10
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	15	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	30	15	10
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	270	120	145
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	10	0	10
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	15	5	15
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	240	110	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	5	5	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,045	505	540
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	185	80	100
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	825	405	420
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	15	15	5
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	10	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	113,625	56,120	57,510
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	111,545	55,105	56,440
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	105,910	52,370	53,540
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	105,705	52,270	53,430
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	205	95	110
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	5,640	2,735	2,905
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	5	0	5
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	5,635	2,735	2,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	290	140	155
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	295	135	155
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	5	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	245	110	130
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	25	15	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	10	5	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	155	75	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	75	35	40
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	75	40	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	45	20	25
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	5	0	5
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	5	0	5
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	10	5	5
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	0	0	0
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	4,810	2,325	2,490
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	50	20	25
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	455	220	235
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	10	5	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	5	5	5
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	445	215	230
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	15	5	10
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	100	45	50
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	10	5	10
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	175	80	95
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	40	25	15
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	25	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	5	5	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	10	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	5
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	45	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	3,605	1,770	1,835
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	5	5	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	105	55	50
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	3,295	1,615	1,680
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	15	5	10
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	185	90	95
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	190	90	105
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	145	65	80
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	30	15	15
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	15	10	5
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	60	25	35
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	35	15	20
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	45	25	20
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	25	10	10
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	495	220	270
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	70	30	35
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	185	75	105
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	10	5	5
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	235	105	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	75	35	40
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	5	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	5	5
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	5	0	5
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	45	30	15
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	15	15	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	30	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	120	65	60
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	115	55	60
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	60	30	35
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	50	30	25
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	5	5	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	10	5	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	10	5	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	5	0	5
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	15	10	10
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	35	15	15
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	0	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	30	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	5	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	2,080	1,015	1,065
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	100	40	60
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	1,940	960	980
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	30	15	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	113,625	56,115	57,505
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	105,020	51,980	53,030
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	2,535	1,225	1,305
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	880	365	515
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	5,110	2,505	2,600
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	5,100	2,505	2,595
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	15	5	15
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	25	10	10
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	91,860	44,945	46,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	88,420	43,330	45,095
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	34,771	42,063	28,571
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	88,445	43,325	45,115
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	31,511	37,537	26,405
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	79,595	40,030	39,560
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	32,251	40,217	25,120
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	63,640	28,565	35,080
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	6,894	5,783	7,432
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	65,905	34,635	31,270
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	33,034	39,453	27,430
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	91,995	45,045	46,950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	88,275	43,305	44,970
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,490	50,531	36,709
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	88,305	43,305	44,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	36,799	42,090	31,707
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	79,420	40,010	39,410
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	41,585	49,017	34,040
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	63,395	28,350	35,045
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	8,458	8,007	8,823
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	65,950	34,635	31,310
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	40,891	46,502	34,684
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	91,995	45,045	46,945
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	33,595	19,320	14,270
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	51,295	56,232	45,627
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	58,211	62,903	51,859
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	86.1	89.7	81.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	70.1	73.6	65.4
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	13.9	10.3	18.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	91,860	44,950	46,910
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	3,435	1,620	1,815
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	88,425	43,325	45,095
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.3	96.4	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	11,400	4,585	6,820
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	14,760	5,565	9,190
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	12,805	5,350	7,455
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	10,820	4,980	5,840
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	10,150	5,260	4,890
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	7,660	4,225	3,440
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	5,650	3,420	2,235
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	3,985	2,525	1,455
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	2,945	1,845	1,100
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	2,765	1,580	1,180
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	5,485	3,995	1,490
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	4,050	2,915	1,135
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,435	1,080	355
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	91,860	44,950	46,910
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	3,415	1,625	1,795
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	88,445	43,325	45,115
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	11,800	4,685	7,115
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	15,545	5,930	9,615
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	14,880	6,280	8,600
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	13,245	6,505	6,745
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	11,095	6,020	5,075
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	7,630	4,550	3,080
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	4,865	3,100	1,770
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	3,885	2,325	1,550
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	5,500	3,930	1,570
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	2,145	1,465	680
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	1,130	800	335
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	2,220	1,670	555
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	91,860	44,945	46,910
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	25,955	10,315	15,645
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	65,900	34,630	31,270
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	71.7	77.0	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	10,425	5,370	5,055
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	5,340	2,240	3,095
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	8,205	3,590	4,615
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	6,905	3,110	3,795
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	6,970	3,195	3,780
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	6,605	3,400	3,205
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	5,435	3,130	2,305
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	4,115	2,570	1,545
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	2,995	1,945	1,050
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	8,915	6,085	2,830
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	2,420	1,540	885
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	2,390	1,390	1,005
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	4,105	3,155	945
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	44,625	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	71,540	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	63,429	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	10,670	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	33,687	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	30,636	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	33,955	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	85,773	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	75,248	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	44,660	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	85,953	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	72,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	10,695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	40,971	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	34,975	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	33,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	100,115	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	84,649	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	44,620	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	500	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,030	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,460	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,595	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,880	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,850	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	2,010	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,910	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	3,735	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	3,485	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	3,290	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	2,875	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	2,615	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	14,060	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	5,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	3,305	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	3,475	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	2,110	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	44,625	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	465	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	515	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,050	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,545	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	2,110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,790	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	2,250	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	2,350	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	2,320	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	4,350	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	4,100	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	3,720	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	3,215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,700	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	10,015	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	4,620	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	2,600	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	2,790	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	33,245	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	85,850	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	75,288	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	13,815	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	76,401	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	67,482	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	14,540	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	108,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	93,696	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	4,245	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	51,260	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	47,525	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	33,260	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	100,186	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	84,682	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	13,800	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	91,426	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	76,985	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	14,600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	120,719	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	101,575	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	4,240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	60,469	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	53,165	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	12,740	6,045	6,695
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	32,153	36,282	29,448
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	29,414	32,390	27,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	12,775	6,110	6,665
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	39,681	42,482	37,113
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	33,896	35,618	32,318
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	113,265	55,960	57,305
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	57,130	27,490	29,640
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	8,900	4,290	4,610
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	11,300	5,160	6,145
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	12,545	5,985	6,555
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	12,265	6,005	6,255
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	12,125	6,055	6,075
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	56,130	28,470	27,665
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	12,505	6,280	6,225
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	12,075	6,115	5,965
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	12,070	6,155	5,910
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	11,070	5,620	5,450
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	8,410	4,305	4,110
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	113,265	55,960	57,300
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	25,775	13,210	12,560
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	8,060	4,165	3,890
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	67,945	33,545	34,405
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	19,540	9,205	10,340
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	14,460	6,770	7,690
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	4,385	2,295	2,095
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,550	800	745
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	7,835	3,625	4,200
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	2,245	850	1,395
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	12.8	12.1	13.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	17.0	17.4	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	19.2	19.2	19.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	11.5	10.8	12.2
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	11.5	9.2	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	5,820	2,850	2,970
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,580	825	755
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	560	280	280
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	3,935	1,870	2,065
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	305	160	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	5.1	5.1	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	6.1	6.2	6.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	6.9	6.7	7.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	5.8	5.6	6.0
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.6	1.7	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	113,415	56,035	57,385
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	112,625	55,695	56,935
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	112,610	55,690	56,920
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	5,160	2,135	3,025
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	17,455	8,545	8,915
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	15	0	10
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	0	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	10	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	10	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	17,445	8,540	8,905
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	970	525	455
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	970	515	450
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	10	10	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	845	460	385
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	75	35	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	20	10	10
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	0	0	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	75	35	40
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	30	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	430	210	220
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	140	65	75
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	295	150	145
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	175	55	120
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	10	0	10
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	10	0	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	15	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	160	50	110
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	10
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	20	15	10
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	75	40	35
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	55	25	25
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	25	20	10
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	14,835	7,225	7,610
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	180	70	110
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	1,490	780	710
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	35	25	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	10	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	30	20	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	1,455	750	700
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	85	50	35
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	0	0	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	345	195	155
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	95	40	50
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	15	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	540	260	280
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	145	70	80
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	90	45	40
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	25	10	15
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	60	25	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	10	15	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	175	90	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	25	10	10
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	0	0	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	9,810	4,680	5,135
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	25	10	20
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	50	30	25
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	1,525	705	825
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	45	25	20
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	7,705	3,660	4,045
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	10	0	0
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	150	90	60
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	960	500	455
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	150	85	60
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	640	285	360
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	535	240	295
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	0	0	0
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	110	50	60
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	220	105	120
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	10	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	25	15	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	245	110	135
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	10	0	10
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	160	80	80
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	110	45	60
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	40	25	20
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	75	20	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	3,200	1,755	1,450
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	735	415	325
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	855	480	380
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	75	35	40
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,665	895	770
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	10	10	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	50	35	20
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	75	45	30
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	60	35	25
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	10	0	10
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	10	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	10	10	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	10	15	0
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	165	60	110
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	75	30	55
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	95	40	55
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	330	170	165
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	310	150	160
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	220	105	120
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	10
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	125	60	70
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	20	15	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	10	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	20	20	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	30	15	15
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	15	0	10
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	25	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	55	35	25
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	60	35	25
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	335	160	170
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	25	15	10
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	310	150	155
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	113,420	56,035	57,385
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	110,765	54,725	56,035
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	25,590	13,035	12,555
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	85,175	41,695	43,480
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	2,655	1,310	1,350
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	113,420	56,035	57,385
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	98,585	48,775	49,810
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	14,485	7,095	7,395
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	7,160	3,490	3,675
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	2,220	1,050	1,175
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	2,180	1,090	1,090
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	2,045	1,020	1,030
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	965	495	475
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	1,075	525	555
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	880	450	430
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	345	165	175
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	14,485	7,095	7,395
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	2,455	1,265	1,195
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	3,885	2,035	1,850
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	3,730	1,635	2,095
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	3,790	1,855	1,935
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	625	305	320
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	14,485	7,095	7,395
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	5,415	2,560	2,850
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	30	10	20
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	145	65	85
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	45	15	35
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	45	10	30
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	0	10
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	155	70	80
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	3,560	1,715	1,845
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	55	25	30
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	905	375	530
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	450	260	190
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	6,865	3,450	3,410
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	150	85	65
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	185	100	90
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	45	25	15
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	490	230	255
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	45	25	20
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	125	75	50
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	60	25	35
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	375	215	160
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	1,340	690	650
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	340	140	200
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	515	300	210
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	130	40	95
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	55	30	35
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	35	20	20
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	65	25	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	2,195	1,070	1,125
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	715	370	345
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	285	155	130
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	25	15	10
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	45	20	25
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	20	10	10
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	0	0	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	0	0	10
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	35	10	20
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	75	35	40
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	75	55	20
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	1,855	890	970
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	10	10
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	145	45	100
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	45	25	20
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	335	160	170
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	30	10	15
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	175	100	75
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	15	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	20	10	15
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	200	115	95
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	85	45	40
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	160	55	110
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	0	10	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	25	10	15
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	0	0	0
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	195	110	90
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	410	200	205
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	65	30	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	880	450	430
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	540	275	265
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	20	0	15
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	20	10	10
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	15	10	10
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	355	190	160
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	110	50	60
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	30	20	10
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	110	55	55
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	10	10	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	15	0	15
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	10	10	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	40	20	25
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	20	10	0
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	10	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	10	10	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	200	95	100
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	30	10	15
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	0	10	0
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	0	0	10
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	25	15	10
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	15	10	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	30	0	20
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	10	10	10
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	25	10	15
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	0	0	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	15	15	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	45	30	15
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	10	10	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	10	0	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	113,420	56,035	57,385
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	15,435	7,585	7,855
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	23,330	11,510	11,825
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	74,650	36,940	37,710
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	7,560	3,715	3,845
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	2,320	1,195	1,125
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	700	505	190
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	1,615	685	930
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	3,530	1,625	1,895
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,570	815	750
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	150	80	70
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	113,420	56,035	57,385
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	2,230	1,005	1,225
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	2,180	985	1,190
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	1,530	700	830
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	625	270	365
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	25	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	40	20	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	111,190	55,025	56,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	113,420	56,035	57,385
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	860	375	485
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	112,555	55,660	56,895
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	113,420	56,035	57,385
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	340	170	170
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	340	170	170
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	290	150	145
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	45	15	25
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	3,305	1,430	1,875
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	3,240	1,400	1,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	2,535	1,105	1,425
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	695	295	400
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	60	20	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	109,775	54,435	55,335
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	113,415	56,035	57,385
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	5,075	2,470	2,600
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	760	360	395
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	515	230	285
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	890	480	415
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	275	100	170
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	555	260	295
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	835	460	375
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	540	260	280
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	90	40	45
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	65	30	35
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	70	35	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	230	110	120
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	255	105	150
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	108,345	53,565	54,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	113,420	56,035	57,380
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	3,645	1,600	2,045
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	2,890	1,285	1,610
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	20	15	15
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	790	335	460
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	38,175	18,890	19,290
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	120	45	75
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,500	700	800
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	37,180	18,430	18,750
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	155	65	85
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	10	10	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	40	15	35
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	10	0	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	89,725	44,160	45,565
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	59,530	28,905	30,625
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	10	10	10
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	38,705	18,820	19,880
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	21,285	10,020	11,260
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	25	15	10
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	26,080	12,630	13,450
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,120	955	1,165
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	3,100	1,445	1,655
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	10,450	4,845	5,600
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	10	0	10
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	10,445	4,845	5,600
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	33,900	16,720	17,180
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	470	220	255
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	1,995	1,055	935
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	12,825	6,425	6,400
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	120	45	75
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	55	20	35
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	20,910	10,145	10,765
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	785	400	385
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	20	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	1,995	905	1,090
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	520	240	275
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	265	115	155
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	85	35	45
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	550	265	285
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	475	205	265
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	180	80	100
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	11,120	5,495	5,625
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	70	40	30
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	30	10	20
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	350	175	175
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	275	140	140
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	80	35	45
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	2,155	1,060	1,090
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	40	35	10
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	365	195	170
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	3,100	1,505	1,595
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	680	325	355
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	2,570	1,240	1,330
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	290	170	120
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	2,250	1,165	1,085
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	20	0	10
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	8,560	4,375	4,190
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	175	55	120
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	135	90	45
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	685	370	320
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	530	260	265
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	3,530	1,775	1,755
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	30	20	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	35	10	30
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	570	285	285
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	10	10	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	1,855	1,045	805
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	165	65	105
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	15	10	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	100	65	30
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	780	350	435
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	390	180	210
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	10	0	10
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	340	175	170
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	125	65	60
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	205	105	95
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	675	350	330
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	15	10	10
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	40	20	20
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	15	15	10
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	10	0	10
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	0	0	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	0	0	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	375	195	185
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	10	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	115	60	55
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	10	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	90	25	65
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	25	10	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	3,315	1,600	1,715
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	10	10	10
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	10
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	25	20	10
Belizean	1,755	915	845	15	0	20
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	10	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	50	25	20
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	25	25	0
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	220	80	135
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	0	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	20	15	10
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	40	15	25
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	15	0	10
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	75	45	35
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	0	0	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	2,690	1,325	1,365
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	30	15	10
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	10	10	10
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	15	0	0
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	55	15	35
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	55	10	50
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	25	15	15
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	785	385	400
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	95	50	45
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	10	10	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	30	10	25
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	55	35	25
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	0	0	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	175	80	90
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	15	0	10
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	15	0	10
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	110	55	60
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	10	0	10
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	30	15	15
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	205	110	95
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	10	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	30	15	10
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	15	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	15	10	10
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	90	40	50
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	10	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	10	10	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	15	10	10
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	25	15	10
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	335	150	190
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	40	15	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	300	130	165
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	3,965	1,885	2,075
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,490	770	720
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	35	15	20
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	85	50	40
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	80	25	50
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	60	25	35
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	225	125	100
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	0	0	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	10	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	55	30	25
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	15	10	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	725	405	325
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	130	55	75
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	65	35	25
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	85	35	45
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	10	10	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	35	10	25
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	845	390	460
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	0	0	0
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	705	335	375
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	90	40	50
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	35	15	20
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	10	0	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	20	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	1,670	750	920
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	30	20	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	180	70	105
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	630	265	365
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	365	150	220
Hmong	805	420	390	0	10	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	40	20	20
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	65	35	35
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	70	30	35
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	35	20	15
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	15	0	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	20	15	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	10	10	0
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	0	0	0
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	350	170	180
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	10	10	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	130	45	85
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	90	45	50
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	15	0	15
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	30	0	20
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	10	0	10
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	20	10	15
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	44,665	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	34,370	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	10,295	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	44,665	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	1,190	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	43,470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	44,665	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	65	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	3,315	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	9,200	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	19,190	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	12,895	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	44,660	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	5,760	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	5,485	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	7,255	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	7,495	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	18,675	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	44,660	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	44,290	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	44,665	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	43,395	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	44,665	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	15,685	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	10,490	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	4,440	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	4,510	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	2,945	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	3,375	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	3,225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	44,660	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	41,795	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	44,665	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	24,985	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	19,065	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	44,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	905	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	5,165	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	7,365	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	9,240	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	9,380	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	7,370	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	3,865	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,380	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	43,185	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	34,560	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	8,620	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	7,740	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	33,030	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	62.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,096	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,198	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	250,463	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	291,725	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	10,190	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	13.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	40.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	816	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	879	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	91,990	45,045	46,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	21,080	11,040	10,045
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	26,720	13,280	13,435
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	44,195	20,730	23,470
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	7,220	5,345	1,875
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	3,350	2,060	1,285
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	3,870	3,280	590
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	24,010	10,025	13,985
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,390	595	795
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	11,570	4,765	6,810
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	8,365	3,315	5,045
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	985	370	615
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	355	210	150
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,685	755	930
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	185	115	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	58,895	28,775	30,115
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	8,705	4,900	3,805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	16,455	8,575	7,880
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	33,730	15,300	18,430
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	4,755	3,555	1,205
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	2,215	1,380	835
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	2,540	2,170	370
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	19,020	7,865	11,155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	980	440	540
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	8,980	3,445	5,530
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	6,495	2,435	4,060
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	770	265	505
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	270	140	135
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,310	535	770
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	130	70	65
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	91,995	45,045	46,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	47,795	24,315	23,480
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	2,690	695	1,995
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	2,690	695	1,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,165	420	745
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	240	165	75
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	930	260	670
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,695	625	1,070
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	50	0	45
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	405	100	310
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	410	125	290
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	30	10	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	130	65	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	250	165	85
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	325	155	175
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	90	10	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	4,480	1,165	3,315
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	40	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	190	75	120
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,400	120	1,280
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	655	115	540
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	50	15	40
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	690	205	485
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	1,455	640	815
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	7,685	2,550	5,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	20	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	705	120	585
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	6,965	2,425	4,535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	905	400	510
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	420	170	255
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	195	65	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	180	140	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	100	20	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	1,160	760	405
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	910	640	270
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	70	0	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	160	100	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	20	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	10,240	9,695	540
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	250	165	80
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	780	685	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	2,475	2,270	210
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,975	1,940	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	2,895	2,860	40
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	1,855	1,770	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,745	1,295	450
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	1,420	1,080	335
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	330	215	115
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	8,915	1,390	7,525
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	630	275	350
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	8,160	1,040	7,115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	130	70	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	3,495	1,730	1,765
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,665	320	1,340
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	1,155	785	370
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	660	610	45
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	58,890	28,775	30,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	25,165	13,480	11,685
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,800	465	1,335
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,805	465	1,335
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	900	280	625
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	165	95	70
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	735	180	550
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,185	410	770
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	290	60	230
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	285	85	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	95	35	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	160	100	60
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	255	120	135
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	60	10	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	3,620	855	2,765
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	35	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	165	55	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	1,165	85	1,080
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	595	90	510
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	35	0	25
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	500	130	370
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	1,125	490	635
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	5,945	1,815	4,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	580	90	490
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	5,355	1,720	3,630
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	710	275	440
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	360	140	215
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	145	30	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	120	90	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	85	15	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	955	635	320
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	795	560	230
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	40	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	110	65	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	7,780	7,330	450
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	185	135	55
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	595	515	80
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	2,025	1,840	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,445	1,415	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	2,095	2,065	30
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	1,435	1,370	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,280	910	365
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,040	750	285
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	240	160	75
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	6,880	1,000	5,880
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	500	215	285
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	6,280	735	5,540
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	100	50	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	2,655	1,320	1,335
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,220	235	985
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	925	610	310
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	505	470	30
Other	2,590	745	1,845	15	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	91,990	45,045	46,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	47,795	24,315	23,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	44,200	20,730	23,465
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	41,370	19,270	22,100
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	39,810	18,570	21,240
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	1,560	700	860
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	2,830	1,460	1,370
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	810	405	405
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	95	30	70
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	135	75	65
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	530	325	200
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	25	15	0
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	10	0	0
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,230	615	620
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	58,890	28,775	30,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	25,165	13,475	11,685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	33,730	15,300	18,430
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	31,905	14,445	17,465
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	30,845	13,975	16,870
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	1,065	470	595
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	1,825	855	965
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	585	280	310
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	65	15	50
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	90	45	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	270	145	120
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	20	10	0
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	0	0	0
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	795	360	430
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	91,995	45,045	46,950
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	59,430	31,390	28,040
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	55,905	29,555	26,350
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,525	1,835	1,690
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	32,565	13,655	18,910
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	64.6	69.7	59.7
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	60.8	65.6	56.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	5.9	5.8	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	91,995	45,045	46,945
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	30,220	12,695	17,525
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	61,775	32,355	29,420
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	34,465	19,880	14,585
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	27,310	12,475	14,835
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.7	44.4	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	59,430	31,390	28,040
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,050	500	555
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	58,375	30,890	27,485
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	50,745	25,990	24,755
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	7,630	4,905	2,725
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	59,425	31,390	28,035
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,050	500	555
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	58,375	30,890	27,485
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	6,520	4,280	2,240
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	7,795	1,945	5,850
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	2,360	1,855	505
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	4,395	660	3,735
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	5,735	1,630	4,105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,030	405	625
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	11,995	4,470	7,525
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	11,295	10,560	735
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	2,150	1,415	735
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	5,095	3,660	1,430
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	59,430	31,390	28,040
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,055	500	555
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	58,375	30,890	27,485
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	3,490	2,260	1,225
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	80	70	10
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	395	290	105
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	4,935	4,430	510
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	9,310	6,905	2,410
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,990	1,355	635
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	5,960	2,680	3,280
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	3,380	2,615	765
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	670	375	295
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,950	705	1,245
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	790	420	370
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	2,360	1,110	1,250
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	35	20	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,665	1,470	1,195
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	3,645	980	2,665
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	7,250	980	6,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	955	440	515
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,365	1,055	2,310
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,760	1,480	1,275
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	2,395	1,255	1,140
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	55,910	29,555	26,350
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	4,975	2,670	2,300
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	195	140	55
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	6,780	5,120	1,665
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	43,960	21,625	22,335
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	43,955	21,625	22,335
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	16,710	7,430	9,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	10,915	5,270	5,645
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	16,270	8,890	7,375
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	65	35	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	50,740	26,740	23,995
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	44,080	23,495	20,580
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,460	1,650	1,810
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	350	115	235
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,020	945	1,075
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	350	270	75
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	475	260	215
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	50,740	26,740	23,995
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	17,430	8,155	9,280
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	17,140	8,970	8,175
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	10,240	5,640	4,600
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	3,420	2,065	1,350
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	2,505	1,915	590
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	50,735	26,745	23,995
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	4,095	2,860	1,225
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	11,380	7,460	3,920
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	13,460	6,695	6,760
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	8,775	3,140	5,635
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	3,975	1,470	2,505
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	9,055	5,115	3,940
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	63,605	33,225	30,385
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	63,390	33,140	30,255
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	62,880	32,850	30,030
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	62,700	32,815	29,885
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	185	30	145
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	505	290	225
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	510	285	220
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	465	270	195
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	435	250	190
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	10	10	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	345	185	165
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	80	60	25
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	30	20	10
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	10	10	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	15	10	15
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	10	10	0
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	10	10	10
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	10	10	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	0	0	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	10	10	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	215	85	130
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	80	20	65
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	125	65	60
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	63,610	33,225	30,385
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	61,635	32,235	29,400
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	390	170	220
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	400	160	240
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	1,155	645	510
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	1,155	645	505
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	10	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	10	10	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	112,100	55,395	56,705
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	99,395	49,165	50,225
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	12,705	6,230	6,475
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	6,370	3,025	3,345
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	6,335	3,200	3,130
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	5,905	2,950	2,950
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	5,525	2,755	2,765
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	380	195	185
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	425	250	180
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	106,835	52,690	54,145
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	69,165	34,450	34,710
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	37,675	18,240	19,430
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	19,380	9,285	10,095
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	18,295	8,955	9,345
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	17,230	8,455	8,775
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	16,260	7,935	8,325
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	970	520	450
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	1,070	500	570