Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Richmond Hill Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Richmond Hill [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	110,177	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	108,658	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	1.4	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	41,991	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	40,214	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	2,760.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	39.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	110,175	53,035	57,145
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	14,910	7,780	7,130
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	4,185	2,150	2,035
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	5,070	2,640	2,435
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	5,650	2,990	2,660
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	75,455	36,210	39,250
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	6,825	3,595	3,230
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	7,080	3,680	3,400
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	7,085	3,575	3,505
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	6,350	3,115	3,235
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	6,220	2,845	3,370
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	7,510	3,355	4,150
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	8,715	3,965	4,750
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	9,230	4,405	4,825
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	8,830	4,110	4,720
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	7,620	3,560	4,060
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	19,810	9,045	10,760
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	6,980	3,310	3,675
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	4,490	2,060	2,425
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	3,510	1,630	1,875
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	2,560	1,175	1,385
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	2,265	870	1,400
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,520	650	875
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	575	170	405
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	155	50	105
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	13.5	14.7	12.5
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	68.5	68.3	68.7
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	18.0	17.1	18.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.6	2.4
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	42.8	41.6	43.9
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	44.5	43.0	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	40,210	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	18,455	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	12,500	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	9,255	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,330	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	4,960	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	1,550	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	1,360	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	40,215	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	8,970	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	11,600	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	8,010	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	7,360	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	4,270	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	109,560	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	95,265	45,255	50,015
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	55,880	27,690	28,190
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	52,635	26,070	26,560
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	3,245	1,620	1,625
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	39,385	17,565	21,825
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	26,780	14,025	12,755
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,225	840	1,385
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	5,435	1,815	3,625
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,945	890	4,060
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	32,245	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	13,870	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	8,700	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	7,645	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	2,035	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	32,245	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	27,065	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	25,440	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	1,620	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	5,180	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	4,275	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	27,065	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	10,595	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	16,470	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	7,190	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	7,315	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,965	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	5,180	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,270	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,505	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	14,540	5,810	8,725
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	40,215	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	28,390	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	8,890	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	19,495	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,865	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	9,965	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	8,975	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	995	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	109,615	52,855	56,755
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	94,505	46,580	47,925
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	55	15	35
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	7,555	3,225	4,330
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	7,505	3,030	4,470
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	109,615	52,860	56,755
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	99,875	48,865	51,015
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	785	315	465
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	1,530	675	855
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	7,425	3,005	4,420
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,550	655	895
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.4	1.2	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	109,615	52,855	56,760
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	105,545	50,910	54,630
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	38,990	19,530	19,460
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	38,315	19,250	19,065
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	675	280	400
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	66,550	31,385	35,170
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	0	5	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	5	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	5	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	5	5	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	66,550	31,380	35,170
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	2,170	1,075	1,095
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	35	10	20
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	30	10	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	2,130	1,065	1,065
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	0	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	1,660	810	850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	30	10	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	5	5	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	395	225	175
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	20	10	15
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	260	110	150
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	25	10	15
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	240	105	140
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	1,605	595	1,015
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	10	5	10
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	80	30	45
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	30	10	20
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	85	30	55
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	170	80	90
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	5	5
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	1,215	425	790
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	5	5	5
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	60	25	30
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	40	20	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	20	5	10
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	530	270	265
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	25	10	10
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	100	50	50
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	360	180	185
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	40	20	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	5
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	29,495	14,185	15,305
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	110	55	55
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	590	275	315
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	6,585	3,025	3,560
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	75	25	50
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	30	5	25
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	40	20	30
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	6,510	3,000	3,510
Belarusan	810	385	430	30	10	15
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	20	10	10
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	75	30	40
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	100	45	55
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	60	20	35
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	190	85	110
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	365	175	195
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	4,965	2,285	2,680
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	255	130	125
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	20	15	5
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	60	25	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	40	20	20
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	320	140	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	5	5	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	5	5	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	820	345	475
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	5	0	5
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	15	10	10
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	170	75	95
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	510	215	295
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	5	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	5	0
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	15	5	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	5	5	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	75	30	45
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,010	490	520
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	14,730	7,350	7,380
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	2,965	1,460	1,500
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	150	85	65
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	825	395	430
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	535	255	280
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	30	15	10
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	45	20	25
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	320	165	160
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	180	85	95
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	100	45	60
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	750	380	370
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	11,755	5,885	5,865
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	115	60	55
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	11,620	5,815	5,805
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	5,650	2,650	2,995
Catalan	865	440	425	5	5	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	3,360	1,615	1,745
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	405	170	235
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	720	340	385
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	1,145	520	625
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	5	0	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	220	85	135
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	10	10	10
Georgian	1,715	910	805	15	5	5
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	2,515	1,185	1,325
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	5	5	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	130	65	60
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	15	5	5
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	5
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	5
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	10	5	5
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	0	5
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	50	25	20
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	25	10	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	5	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	5	5	5
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	15	10	5
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	28,410	13,220	15,195
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	28,385	13,205	15,185
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	15,255	7,075	8,180
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	235	115	125
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	11,490	5,395	6,090
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	560	250	315
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	325	150	175
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	515	225	295
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	25	15	15
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	10	5	10
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	45	10	30
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	10	5	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	30	5	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	580	295	280
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	155	90	70
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	395	190	205
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	5	5	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	20	10	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	480	235	240
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	30	10	15
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	50	30	25
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	400	195	200
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	10	5	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	4,070	1,945	2,125
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	175	85	90
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	3,630	1,750	1,885
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	110	45	65
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	160	65	90
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	109,615	52,855	56,755
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	98,705	47,670	51,035
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	55,305	27,295	28,010
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	55,095	27,205	27,885
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	210	90	125
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	43,400	20,375	23,030
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	43,400	20,370	23,025
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	1,105	530	570
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	20	5	15
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	20	5	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	1,080	520	555
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	865	405	465
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	15	5	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	5	0	5
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	190	115	75
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	135	60	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	10	5	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	130	55	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	700	315	385
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	25	15	15
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	10	5	10
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	30	15	20
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	80	45	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	5	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	540	235	310
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	5	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	45	20	20
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	30	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	280	130	155
Kannada	1,630	825	800	5	5	5
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	35	20	20
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	205	95	110
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	25	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	16,880	8,045	8,835
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	65	30	35
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	315	145	180
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	4,040	1,865	2,175
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	30	15	15
Latvian	1,255	530	725	15	5	10
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	15	5	10
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	4,010	1,850	2,160
Belarusan	230	105	120	5	0	5
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	10	5	5
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	35	15	20
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	30	10	15
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	10	5	5
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	70	30	40
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	115	55	65
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	3,440	1,585	1,850
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	135	75	65
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	10	5	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	5	0	5
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	130	60	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	5	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	80	30	45
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	10	5	5
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	65	25	40
Icelandic	270	120	150	5	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	415	190	225
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	9,935	4,870	5,065
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	1,355	650	705
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	75	40	40
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	420	190	230
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	190	85	105
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	5	5	5
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	10	10	5
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	15	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	130	65	65
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	60	30	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	50	20	25
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	395	200	200
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	8,570	4,215	4,355
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	50	25	20
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	8,520	4,190	4,330
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	2,030	915	1,110
Catalan	355	165	190	5	5	5
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	915	390	525
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	125	55	70
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	405	185	215
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	590	285	300
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	115	55	60
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	5	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	5
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	1,805	850	955
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	5	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	25	10	10
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	5	0	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	5	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	10	10	5
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	5	0	5
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	5	0	5
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	20	10	10
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	21,790	10,105	11,680
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	21,770	10,095	11,670
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	11,835	5,400	6,435
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	90	35	55
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	9,080	4,310	4,770
Min Dong	345	150	195	10	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	240	110	130
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	190	100	90
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	335	140	190
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	15	10	10
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	5	0	5
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	10	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	10	5	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	5	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	290	140	145
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	65	30	35
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	205	100	110
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	10	10	5
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	195	100	95
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	10	5	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	175	90	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	5	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	10,910	5,190	5,720
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	155	70	80
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	10,485	5,010	5,475
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	240	90	145
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	109,615	52,855	56,755
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	75,980	36,750	39,225
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	16,560	8,025	8,530
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	635	270	365
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	15,845	7,515	8,320
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	15,840	7,515	8,325
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	105	50	60
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	305	150	155
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	170	85	85
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	15	10	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	94,660	45,060	49,600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	89,800	42,655	47,145
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	28,377	32,686	25,077
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	89,815	42,660	47,150
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	26,447	30,052	23,780
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	79,515	38,505	41,010
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	29,342	34,525	25,149
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	64,890	28,650	36,235
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	1,698	984	2,963
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	62,970	31,550	31,425
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	33,019	37,253	29,831
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	94,645	45,025	49,620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	89,675	42,575	47,100
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	46,664	54,605	39,487
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	89,685	42,575	47,105
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	38,031	43,410	33,170
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	79,510	38,500	41,005
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	47,849	56,475	39,750
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	64,755	28,600	36,155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	5,872	5,256	6,359
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	63,005	31,600	31,400
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	49,892	57,565	42,169
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	94,645	45,025	49,620
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	29,355	16,100	13,255
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	57,418	62,067	52,939
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	73,850	81,467	64,595
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	90.9	93.6	87.4
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	74.2	77.1	70.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	9.1	6.4	12.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	94,665	45,065	49,595
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	4,855	2,405	2,455
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	89,805	42,655	47,145
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	94.9	94.7	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	18,305	8,175	10,130
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	17,355	7,360	10,000
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	10,710	4,685	6,025
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	8,040	3,640	4,400
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	6,970	3,195	3,770
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	5,505	2,595	2,910
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	4,520	2,300	2,215
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	3,705	1,845	1,855
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	3,030	1,650	1,385
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	2,705	1,400	1,305
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	8,955	5,805	3,150
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	5,700	3,520	2,185
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	3,250	2,290	965
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	94,660	45,065	49,595
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	4,850	2,400	2,450
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	89,815	42,665	47,150
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	94.9	94.7	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	18,650	8,290	10,355
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	17,885	7,600	10,280
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	12,120	5,410	6,710
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	9,400	4,240	5,165
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	8,075	3,750	4,325
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	6,055	3,045	3,010
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	4,755	2,460	2,300
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	3,800	2,060	1,735
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	9,080	5,810	3,265
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	2,740	1,520	1,220
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	1,690	1,100	590
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	4,645	3,190	1,460
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	94,660	45,060	49,600
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	31,690	13,515	18,175
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	62,975	31,545	31,425
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	66.5	70.0	63.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	8,365	3,870	4,495
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	5,545	2,485	3,060
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	9,200	4,440	4,760
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	6,480	3,035	3,440
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	5,755	2,600	3,150
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	5,075	2,385	2,690
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	4,155	2,010	2,150
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	3,515	1,765	1,750
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	2,885	1,510	1,370
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	11,995	7,445	4,555
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	2,445	1,340	1,100
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	2,410	1,225	1,185
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	7,140	4,875	2,265
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	40,215	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	73,563	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	64,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	8,975	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	37,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	33,668	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	31,240	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	89,374	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	78,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	40,220	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	104,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	84,803	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	9,045	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	51,053	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	41,375	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	31,175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	119,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	97,403	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	40,215	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	1,145	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	685	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,035	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,610	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,540	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,870	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,700	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,585	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,480	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,705	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,410	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	1,995	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,925	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	14,715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	3,790	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	2,705	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	3,715	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	4,505	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	40,215	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	1,215	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	685	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,055	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,670	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,660	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,035	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,940	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,750	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,805	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,720	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,175	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	2,905	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,525	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	2,320	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,935	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	11,805	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	3,675	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	2,685	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	5,455	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	30,820	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	88,607	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	77,740	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	8,610	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	71,579	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	63,657	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	16,480	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	114,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	98,298	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	4,655	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	53,447	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	49,468	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	30,720	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	118,962	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	96,908	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	8,490	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	98,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	79,442	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	16,420	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	144,176	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	116,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	4,675	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	68,992	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	59,131	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	11,285	4,795	6,495
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	32,681	36,416	30,485
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	29,896	32,653	28,262
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	11,410	4,870	6,545
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	46,408	52,067	42,198
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	37,973	41,376	35,443
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	109,560	52,835	56,720
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	52,230	24,515	27,715
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	14,760	6,990	7,770
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	11,375	5,190	6,185
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	9,270	4,335	4,940
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	8,500	3,995	4,510
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	8,315	4,010	4,310
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	57,330	28,320	29,010
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	8,635	4,225	4,415
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	9,040	4,415	4,625
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	10,890	5,375	5,510
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	12,255	6,075	6,180
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	16,510	8,235	8,275
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	109,560	52,835	56,725
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	18,895	9,895	9,005
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	5,170	2,660	2,510
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	71,320	34,020	37,295
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	19,345	8,925	10,420
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	20,830	9,755	11,075
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	4,305	2,295	2,005
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,200	630	575
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	12,810	5,875	6,935
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	3,720	1,585	2,135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	19.0	18.5	19.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	22.8	23.2	22.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	23.2	23.7	22.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	18.0	17.3	18.6
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	19.2	17.8	20.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	16,530	7,755	8,775
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	3,470	1,860	1,615
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	975	515	460
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	10,790	5,010	5,780
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	2,270	885	1,385
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	15.1	14.7	15.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	18.4	18.8	17.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	18.9	19.4	18.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	15.1	14.7	15.5
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	11.7	9.9	13.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,510	52,805	56,705
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	102,020	49,875	52,145
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	101,990	49,860	52,125
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	7,400	3,300	4,100
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	77,115	36,365	40,750
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	10	10	0
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	10	0	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	10	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	77,105	36,360	40,745
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	3,500	1,770	1,730
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	60	20	45
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	65	20	45
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	3,435	1,750	1,685
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	2,085	1,080	1,010
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	70	25	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,330	680	650
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	15	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	410	175	235
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	55	35	25
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	355	145	210
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	2,460	930	1,530
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	60	35	30
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	20	0	15
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	195	80	110
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	265	115	150
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	2,115	780	1,335
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	30	0	20
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	90	55	35
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	60	35	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	40	30	10
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	695	350	350
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	40	10	30
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	130	70	60
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	470	245	225
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	115	65	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	35,665	17,045	18,620
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	125	65	65
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	620	295	325
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	7,515	3,520	3,995
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	135	70	65
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	70	30	40
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	65	40	25
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	7,440	3,485	3,955
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	60	30	30
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	35	20	15
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	35	10	25
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	175	70	105
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	85	35	55
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	290	115	170
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	460	205	255
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	5,995	2,830	3,170
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	290	155	135
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	35	20	15
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	55	30	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	40	30	15
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	675	330	345
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	0	0	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,535	725	815
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	75	30	40
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	35	20	20
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	210	85	125
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,050	515	535
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	10	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	50	35	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	50	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	115	40	70
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	1,390	630	760
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	17,760	8,680	9,080
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	4,405	2,155	2,245
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	230	130	100
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	1,455	685	770
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	1,705	855	850
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	60	35	20
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	50	35	15
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	35	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	10	10	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	670	325	345
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	325	160	175
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	225	110	120
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	1,495	740	760
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	13,440	6,570	6,870
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	200	120	85
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	13,370	6,535	6,840
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	7,675	3,635	4,040
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	4,395	2,125	2,270
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	535	230	300
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	895	410	485
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	2,120	1,020	1,105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	10	0	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	490	220	275
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	30	10	20
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	30	10	20
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	2,840	1,305	1,535
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	350	185	170
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	10	10	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	10	10	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	10	10	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	10	10	10
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	205	115	90
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	10	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	55	25	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	55	25	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	15	0	10
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	15	0	10
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	45	15	35
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	45	10	30
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	31,950	15,050	16,895
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	31,910	15,035	16,870
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	18,455	8,700	9,760
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	300	135	160
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	16,710	7,745	8,965
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	15	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	685	300	380
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	390	190	200
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	700	355	350
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	55	20	40
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	20	10	15
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	30	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	75	25	50
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	20	15	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	60	10	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	960	460	495
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	235	105	135
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	730	360	370
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	15	10	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	610	275	335
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	55	25	25
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	55	20	35
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	500	230	270
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	45	25	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	109,510	52,810	56,700
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	93,650	45,370	48,285
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	17,015	8,770	8,250
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	76,635	36,600	40,030
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	15,860	7,440	8,420
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,505	52,805	56,700
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	41,470	20,910	20,565
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	65,785	30,985	34,795
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	12,805	6,045	6,765
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	9,085	4,230	4,855
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	17,585	8,320	9,260
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	17,605	8,250	9,350
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	9,425	4,415	5,005
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	8,180	3,835	4,345
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	8,705	4,145	4,560
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	2,250	910	1,340
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	65,785	30,985	34,800
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	4,965	2,540	2,430
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	10,120	5,420	4,700
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	12,435	5,605	6,825
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	28,805	13,015	15,790
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	9,455	4,405	5,050
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	65,785	30,990	34,800
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	3,600	1,645	1,955
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	55	20	40
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	140	70	70
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	60	10	45
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	345	160	185
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	10	10	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	750	335	415
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	105	40	70
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	135	65	70
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	410	165	245
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	795	410	385
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	800	365	430
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	12,250	5,675	6,575
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	70	45	25
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	135	55	80
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	75	45	30
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	460	165	295
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	775	380	395
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	220	90	130
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	80	40	35
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	2,425	1,220	1,210
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	135	70	70
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	330	130	205
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	295	115	180
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	775	355	415
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	2,050	900	1,150
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	170	75	95
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	1,395	715	685
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,200	555	655
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	1,665	735	925
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	2,705	1,300	1,410
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	10
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	785	405	380
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	10	0	10
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	265	105	160
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	95	45	55
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	85	40	45
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	70	30	45
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	315	145	175
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	1,070	530	540
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	47,155	22,325	24,830
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	390	200	190
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	185	110	75
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	13,515	6,270	7,250
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	8,985	4,275	4,710
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	1,885	940	940
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	11,190	5,505	5,690
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	400	190	205
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	175	60	115
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	2,125	1,000	1,120
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	365	145	225
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	740	385	350
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	2,075	805	1,270
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	430	210	220
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	110	70	40
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	915	390	525
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	590	240	355
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	3,085	1,535	1,550
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	70	40	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	8,710	4,145	4,560
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	315	160	160
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	15	15	10
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	10	0	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	10	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	50	15	35
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	20	10	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	145	80	70
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	65	35	30
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	550	240	305
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	0	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	40	15	15
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	25	10	10
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	145	45	100
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	140	75	70
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	50	30	20
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	150	60	90
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	305	170	135
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	15	10	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	165	95	70
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	15	10	10
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	10	10	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	80	45	40
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	7,530	3,570	3,965
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	20	10	10
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	20	10	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	2,820	1,310	1,515
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	140	45	95
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	185	95	95
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	2,820	1,385	1,440
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	135	65	70
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	85	50	35
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	20	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	280	150	130
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	30	10	20
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	20	10	10
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	115	70	50
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	595	230	370
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	10	10	10
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	45	30	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	15	10	10
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	15	0	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	20	15	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	105	60	45
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	10	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	10	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,510	52,810	56,700
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	68,535	32,130	36,405
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	26,930	13,750	13,185
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	14,045	6,930	7,115
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	53,665	25,260	28,405
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	35,090	17,705	17,390
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	13,260	8,720	4,540
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	21,830	8,980	12,850
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	12,650	4,625	8,025
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	4,980	2,515	2,465
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	945	415	525
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,510	52,805	56,700
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	290	165	120
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	280	160	125
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	185	100	90
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	95	60	40
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	109,220	52,640	56,580
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	109,505	52,805	56,700
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	115	65	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	109,400	52,745	56,650
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	109,510	52,805	56,705
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	35	20	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	20	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	500	270	235
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	495	260	235
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	385	180	200
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	110	75	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	108,970	52,520	56,455
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,505	52,805	56,700
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	67,425	32,215	35,205
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	6,835	3,440	3,395
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	34,525	16,450	18,075
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	2,085	960	1,135
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	2,680	1,080	1,600
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	970	410	565
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	1,700	900	805
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	730	320	410
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	12,215	5,990	6,225
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	3,080	1,460	1,620
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	395	170	225
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	460	220	245
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	1,735	820	920
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	42,085	20,590	21,495
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	109,510	52,805	56,700
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	535	285	250
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	400	195	210
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	10	10	0
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	130	90	40
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	8,330	4,185	4,145
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	30	15	20
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	525	270	255
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	7,880	3,960	3,930
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	25	10	15
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	38,970	18,910	20,065
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	13,650	6,725	6,925
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	7,940	3,885	4,055
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	5,405	2,640	2,765
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	15	0	10
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	5,395	2,565	2,825
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	510	215	295
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	1,250	605	645
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	2,305	1,105	1,200
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	20	10	10
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	2,280	1,100	1,190
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	4,720	2,290	2,430
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	405	215	190
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	75	30	40
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	1,155	540	620
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	0	0	10
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	3,255	1,580	1,670
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	15	10	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	165	70	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	840	435	405
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	130	60	70
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	275	130	140
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	30	15	15
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	195	115	85
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	235	120	115
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	35	15	15
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	12,215	5,865	6,355
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	75	20	55
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	485	225	255
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	195	85	110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	50	35	25
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	120	55	70
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	1,010	490	525
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	210	95	110
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	465	265	195
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	135	70	65
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	3,510	1,760	1,750
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	1,315	630	680
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	5,420	2,520	2,900
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	200	105	95
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	2,820	1,440	1,375
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	50	15	30
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	13,445	6,625	6,825
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	185	100	85
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	25	15	10
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	335	175	165
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	45	35	15
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	2,125	1,060	1,060
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	8,285	4,115	4,170
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	435	210	220
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	95	55	35
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	10	10	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	1,160	545	610
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	400	195	210
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	30	15	15
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	155	70	90
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	975	455	520
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	75	45	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	2,635	1,395	1,235
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	10	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	2,485	1,325	1,160
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	25	10	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	115	55	55
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	2,145	1,000	1,145
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	10
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	135	70	60
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	20	0	10
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	35	20	20
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	30	10	20
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	30	15	15
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	0	0	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	1,315	650	665
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	10	10	10
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	15	15	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	25	20	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	25	0	25
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	260	130	125
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	30	10	20
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	225	90	140
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	110	40	70
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	1,815	915	900
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	30	10	30
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	110	75	35
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	105	55	45
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	125	65	60
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	225	100	125
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	120	65	55
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	35	20	10
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	270	135	130
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	35	15	20
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	10
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	10	10	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	255	140	110
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	15	10	10
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	15	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	105	50	55
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	65	25	40
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	20	0	10
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	150	65	85
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	175	100	80
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	2,635	1,290	1,345
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	165	90	75
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	25	10	15
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	10	0	10
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	15	15	0
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	10	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	75	40	30
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	10	0	10
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	25	15	10
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	1,310	700	610
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	10	10	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	45	20	25
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	995	525	470
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	20	0	10
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	210	120	90
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	55	30	20
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	10	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	615	285	335
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	10
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	45	15	25
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	15	10	10
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	90	40	50
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	160	75	80
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	75	45	30
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	20	0	15
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	30	15	15
Zulu	945	475	475	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	190	90	105
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	545	215	330
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	70	20	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	475	200	280
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	66,725	31,960	34,765
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	17,565	8,650	8,920
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	575	295	275
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	355	195	160
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	920	430	490
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	30	10	20
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	180	85	95
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	140	65	75
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	13,260	6,555	6,705
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	420	175	245
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	540	305	235
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	45	20	25
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	30	15	20
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	115	50	65
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	10	0	10
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	515	235	280
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	170	95	75
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	20	15	10
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	10	0	10
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	175	75	100
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	55	20	35
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	80	15	70
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	325	135	195
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	10	0	10
Uighur	1,555	775	785	20	15	10
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	50	25	25
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	190	100	90
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	7,010	3,455	3,550
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	85	45	35
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	130	75	60
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	5,390	2,620	2,770
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	15	15	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	15	0	10
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	35	20	20
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	700	345	355
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	60	40	25
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	50	20	35
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	500	275	225
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	120	65	60
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	275	135	140
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	42,590	20,050	22,545
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	45	10	35
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	85	35	55
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	35,355	16,845	18,510
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	2,940	1,210	1,730
Hmong	805	420	390	10	10	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	165	75	100
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	695	320	375
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	3,260	1,525	1,735
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	35	15	20
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	75	50	25
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	40	15	25
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	20	10	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	405	190	210
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	35	10	25
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	45	15	30
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	505	230	275
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	25	20	10
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	100	40	60
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	95	40	60
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	45	20	25
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	45	20	25
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	0	0	0
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	40,220	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	30,725	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	9,495	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	40,220	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	11,975	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	28,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	40,220	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	150	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	6,195	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	8,140	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	10,350	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	15,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	40,220	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	13,110	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	5,655	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	5,020	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	4,050	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	12,390	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	40,220	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	39,090	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	1,130	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	40,220	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	37,515	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	2,705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	40,220	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	3,365	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	6,010	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	10,305	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	9,710	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	4,415	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	2,895	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	3,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	40,220	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	38,680	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	1,540	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	40,220	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	22,935	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	15,680	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	1,610	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	40,220	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	470	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	3,705	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	6,480	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	9,775	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	9,180	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	6,210	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	3,225	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,180	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	40,155	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	23,975	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	16,185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	12,370	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	30,725	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	56.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	35.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,497	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,802	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	802,224	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	964,002	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	9,495	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	17.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	55.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,352	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	94,645	45,025	49,620
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	12,425	5,665	6,765
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	22,905	10,640	12,265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	59,310	28,720	30,590
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	3,730	2,245	1,485
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,080	1,080	1,000
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	1,650	1,170	485
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	14,400	6,210	8,190
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	3,205	1,435	1,770
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	37,985	18,830	19,150
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	24,705	11,740	12,960
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	2,615	1,275	1,340
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	1,550	795	755
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	7,980	4,280	3,700
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	1,130	730	395
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	61,415	28,995	32,420
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	3,405	1,690	1,720
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	11,685	5,435	6,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	46,325	21,875	24,450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	2,325	1,335	995
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,265	615	650
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,055	720	340
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	10,860	4,620	6,240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	2,420	1,075	1,340
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	30,725	14,840	15,880
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	19,760	9,190	10,570
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	1,995	940	1,055
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	1,275	635	640
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	6,765	3,510	3,255
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	930	570	365
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	94,645	45,025	49,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	35,330	16,305	19,025
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,005	710	2,300
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,010	705	2,300
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	2,375	895	1,475
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	230	175	55
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	2,140	725	1,415
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	3,365	1,125	2,240
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	665	125	535
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	980	270	715
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	855	295	555
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	170	110	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	175	120	60
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	405	190	210
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	115	10	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	7,040	2,495	4,545
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	75	20	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	505	210	290
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,020	105	915
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	1,050	385	670
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	95	20	80
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,055	220	835
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	3,225	1,535	1,700
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	14,730	6,550	8,185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	20	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	635	110	520
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	14,080	6,435	7,645
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	3,310	1,520	1,790
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	1,310	465	850
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	755	345	405
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	65	10	55
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	1,095	655	440
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	85	50	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	4,725	3,045	1,680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	3,570	2,460	1,110
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	140	30	115
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	915	495	420
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	95	60	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	11,565	9,300	2,270
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	720	435	280
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	6,950	5,290	1,660
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,465	1,230	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	970	955	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	985	935	45
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	475	445	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	665	305	360
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	350	150	205
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	315	160	155
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	6,640	1,895	4,740
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	520	225	300
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	5,730	1,445	4,290
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	385	230	155
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	1,895	880	1,015
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,285	380	905
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	310	245	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	265	225	45
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	61,410	28,995	32,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	15,090	7,125	7,970
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	2,020	430	1,590
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	2,020	430	1,595
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,855	655	1,205
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	145	115	35
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,710	535	1,175
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	2,575	825	1,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	540	95	445
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	740	190	555
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	655	245	410
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	135	90	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	145	90	60
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	270	115	150
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	90	10	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	5,605	1,935	3,665
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	60	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	430	185	245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	730	70	660
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	865	270	595
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	65	15	55
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	840	170	670
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	2,605	1,215	1,390
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	11,900	5,010	6,890
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	10	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	475	75	400
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	11,415	4,930	6,490
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	2,435	1,125	1,315
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	925	320	605
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	580	285	300
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	55	10	50
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	825	495	335
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	40	20	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	4,220	2,715	1,500
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	3,305	2,255	1,050
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	100	30	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	730	385	345
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	80	50	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	8,665	6,865	1,795
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	540	290	250
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	5,515	4,175	1,345
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,055	900	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	660	645	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	655	635	15
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	235	220	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	460	195	265
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	225	80	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	230	110	120
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	5,205	1,510	3,695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	365	140	225
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	4,525	1,200	3,330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	315	175	140
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,385	605	780
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	935	235	700
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	240	185	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	185	165	20
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	94,645	45,025	49,615
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	35,335	16,300	19,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	59,310	28,725	30,590
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	34,860	17,095	17,770
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	32,670	16,005	16,660
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	2,190	1,085	1,105
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	24,450	11,630	12,825
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,995	1,175	820
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	1,185	340	845
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	965	460	500
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	1,190	645	545
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	4,650	2,175	2,475
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	70	45	30
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	14,400	6,785	7,620
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	61,415	28,995	32,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	15,090	7,120	7,970
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	46,325	21,870	24,450
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	27,695	13,320	14,375
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	25,955	12,485	13,470
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	1,740	830	910
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	18,625	8,555	10,075
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	1,580	890	690
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	990	270	720
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	700	335	360
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	740	390	345
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	3,775	1,725	2,050
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	55	25	25
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	10,790	4,915	5,880
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	94,645	45,025	49,615
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	58,720	30,165	28,545
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	54,480	28,025	26,450
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	4,240	2,145	2,095
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	35,925	14,855	21,070
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	62.0	67.0	57.5
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	57.6	62.2	53.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.2	7.1	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	94,645	45,025	49,620
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	34,575	14,435	20,145
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	60,075	30,595	29,480
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	30,435	16,815	13,625
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	29,635	13,780	15,855
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.5	43.1	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	58,715	30,170	28,545
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,725	855	870
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	56,995	29,315	27,675
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	47,070	23,000	24,065
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	9,930	6,315	3,610
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	58,720	30,170	28,545
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,725	855	875
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	56,995	29,315	27,675
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	7,980	5,010	2,970
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	11,295	3,685	7,610
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	7,310	5,390	1,915
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	3,645	1,100	2,550
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	6,175	1,815	4,360
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	2,155	1,010	1,145
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	12,205	5,790	6,410
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	4,480	4,240	245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	330	280	55
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	1,410	990	420
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	58,715	30,170	28,545
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,725	855	870
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	56,995	29,315	27,675
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	70	40	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	70	50	30
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	360	245	115
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	3,225	2,680	550
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	4,230	2,810	1,420
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	2,840	1,765	1,080
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	6,760	3,235	3,520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,860	1,395	465
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,775	970	805
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	5,085	2,590	2,495
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	2,245	1,180	1,070
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	7,715	4,465	3,255
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	110	40	70
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,045	1,145	900
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	4,465	1,420	3,045
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	5,595	1,275	4,315
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,045	555	495
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,190	1,580	1,615
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,460	980	1,480
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	1,840	905	935
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	54,475	28,020	26,450
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	5,500	2,835	2,665
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	635	455	185
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	6,010	4,115	1,895
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	42,335	20,620	21,710
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	42,330	20,625	21,710
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	10,050	4,245	5,805
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	12,645	6,265	6,380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	19,580	10,070	9,510
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	55	40	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	48,340	24,730	23,605
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	35,250	19,360	15,895
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	2,725	850	1,875
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	8,040	3,550	4,495
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	1,610	625	985
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	185	135	55
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	525	220	300
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	48,340	24,735	23,605
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	6,815	2,935	3,875
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	13,965	7,020	6,945
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	12,510	6,590	5,915
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	6,050	3,245	2,800
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	9,010	4,940	4,070
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	48,340	24,730	23,605
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,615	1,190	425
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	6,220	3,800	2,420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	13,035	6,410	6,625
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	12,665	6,140	6,525
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	9,190	4,430	4,765
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	5,615	2,765	2,845
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	62,225	31,740	30,485
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	59,585	30,510	29,075
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	56,105	28,695	27,405
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	55,965	28,660	27,300
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	145	35	105
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	3,480	1,815	1,665
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	3,485	1,815	1,665
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	20	10	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	25	10	15
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	15	0	15
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	20	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	10	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	595	320	275
Albanian	350	220	125	10	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	185	65	125
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	185	60	125
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	185	60	125
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	10	0	10
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	315	200	120
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	20	0	15
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	10
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	15	0	10
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	300	195	105
Kurdish	185	150	40	10	0	10
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	295	190	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	60	35	20
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	10	0
Romanian	745	365	380	25	15	10
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	20	0	20
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	250	120	130
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	2,550	1,345	1,205
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	2,550	1,345	1,205
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	1,145	610	535
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	1,310	685	620
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	75	35	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	10	10	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	2,640	1,230	1,410
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	265	105	165
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	2,345	1,115	1,225
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	15	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	62,225	31,735	30,485
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	54,285	27,755	26,525
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	1,635	810	825
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	505	240	265
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	5,660	2,865	2,800
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	5,665	2,860	2,800
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	95	55	35
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	108,675	52,420	56,255
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	95,355	45,880	49,480
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	13,320	6,540	6,775
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	6,595	3,240	3,355
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	6,725	3,305	3,425
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	4,355	2,125	2,235
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	3,960	1,940	2,020
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	400	185	215
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	2,365	1,180	1,190
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	105,365	50,700	54,660
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	66,580	32,085	34,495
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	38,785	18,620	20,165
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	17,660	8,575	9,080
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	21,125	10,040	11,090
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	11,945	5,715	6,220
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	10,990	5,275	5,715
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	955	440	515
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	9,185	4,320	4,865