Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Kingston, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Kingston, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Kingston, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	123,798	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	123,363	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	59,977	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	53,518	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	274.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	451.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	123,800	59,580	64,215
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	18,110	9,290	8,815
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	5,870	3,040	2,835
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	6,255	3,160	3,100
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	5,980	3,100	2,880
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	81,680	39,880	41,800
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	6,855	3,445	3,410
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	9,495	4,640	4,855
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	9,155	4,595	4,560
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	8,240	4,130	4,110
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	7,435	3,735	3,700
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	6,790	3,360	3,425
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	7,650	3,690	3,960
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	9,320	4,535	4,780
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	8,830	4,075	4,755
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	7,910	3,670	4,240
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	24,015	10,410	13,600
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	7,255	3,285	3,965
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	5,545	2,545	3,000
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	4,185	1,865	2,315
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	3,395	1,430	1,960
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	3,635	1,280	2,360
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	2,255	875	1,375
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	1,075	320	750
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	280	75	210
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	30	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	14.6	15.6	13.7
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	66.0	66.9	65.1
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	19.4	17.5	21.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.9	2.1	3.7
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	42.3	40.9	43.5
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	41.9	39.9	43.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	53,520	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	26,530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	8,570	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	18,235	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	4,060	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	3,675	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	2,000	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	8,385	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	53,515	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	17,195	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	19,405	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	7,690	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	6,195	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	3,040	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	120,220	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	105,695	50,290	55,400
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	57,265	28,805	28,460
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	45,640	23,035	22,605
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	11,625	5,765	5,855
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	48,430	21,485	26,940
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	30,275	15,650	14,630
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	3,530	1,540	1,990
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	7,735	2,845	4,895
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	6,885	1,455	5,430
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	33,865	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	19,075	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	6,955	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	5,685	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	2,145	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	33,865	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	27,710	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	21,905	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	5,810	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	6,145	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	4,860	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	1,285	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	27,715	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	15,170	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	12,540	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	5,255	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	5,255	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	2,030	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	6,145	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,900	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,705	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	27,135	11,935	15,200
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	53,520	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	32,535	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	14,615	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	17,920	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	655	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	20,325	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	17,195	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	3,130	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	120,865	57,720	63,140
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	103,890	50,135	53,755
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	265	105	155
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	16,065	7,215	8,845
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	640	260	380
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	120,865	57,720	63,140
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	115,465	55,170	60,300
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	4,245	2,065	2,185
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	540	250	290
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	610	240	365
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	4,515	2,185	2,330
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	3.7	3.8	3.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	120,865	57,720	63,140
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	119,125	56,920	62,205
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	106,660	51,090	55,575
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	102,470	49,050	53,420
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	4,195	2,035	2,155
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	12,465	5,830	6,630
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	30	10	20
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	25	10	15
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	20	5	10
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	5	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	5	5	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	5	5	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	5	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	5	5	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	12,435	5,820	6,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	900	465	435
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	5	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	15	10	5
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	875	450	420
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	10	5	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	820	430	395
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	25	10	15
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	10	5	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	10	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	220	105	115
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	60	30	30
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	160	70	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	485	155	335
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	25	5	15
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	10	0	10
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	40	10	30
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	25	5	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	10	5	5
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	380	125	255
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	5	0	5
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	45	20	25
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	220	115	105
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	15	5	5
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	80	40	40
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	100	55	45
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	7,765	3,675	4,090
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	25	10	15
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	25	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	1,135	505	630
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	40	15	20
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	20	5	10
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	20	10	10
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	1,100	490	610
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	5	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	10	5	5
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	25	10	15
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	40	15	25
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	105	45	60
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	20	10	10
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	400	175	225
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	240	110	135
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	65	30	35
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	5	5	5
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	45	25	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	10	5	5
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	120	55	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	5	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	20	5	20
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	10	0	10
Welsh	1,075	495	575	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	0	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	1,545	650	895
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	30	15	15
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	70	35	40
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	590	265	325
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	25	10	10
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	770	305	465
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	5	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	0	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	10	5	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	10	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	5
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	330	160	165
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	1,660	875	780
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	1,195	635	555
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	195	100	90
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	160	80	80
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	200	115	85
Kashmiri	565	300	265	5	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	10	5	10
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	25	10	10
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	35	20	20
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	185	105	85
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	15	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	35	15	20
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	325	180	150
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	450	235	210
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	10	5	5
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	420	220	200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	3,020	1,450	1,570
Catalan	865	440	425	10	5	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	560	280	280
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	1,530	750	780
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	90	35	55
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	825	380	445
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	5	5	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	100	30	70
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	5	5	5
Georgian	1,715	910	805	5	5	5
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	400	170	230
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	120	65	55
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	20	10	10
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	5	5	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	0	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	5	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	10	5	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	5	5	5
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	10	5	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	20	5	15
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	10	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	5	5	5
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	10	5	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	35	15	15
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	25	15	10
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	1,800	850	955
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	1,775	830	940
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	435	210	225
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	10	10	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	1,170	545	625
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	45	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	20	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	95	40	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	30	15	15
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	5	5	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	20	10	10
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	25	5	20
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	0	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	80	50	35
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	75	45	30
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	205	85	120
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	30	5	20
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	45	10	30
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	135	70	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	5	0	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,735	800	940
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	610	275	335
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	975	455	520
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	90	40	45
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	60	25	35
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	120,865	57,725	63,140
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	118,205	56,500	61,700
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	113,255	54,180	59,075
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	111,160	53,155	58,010
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	2,095	1,025	1,065
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	4,950	2,320	2,625
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	10	5	5
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	10	5	5
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	5	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	5	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	4,940	2,315	2,625
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	450	220	235
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	455	220	235
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	445	215	230
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	5	0	5
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	115	45	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	20	10	10
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	90	40	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	160	65	95
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	5	5	5
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	5	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	140	55	85
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	70	35	35
Kannada	1,630	825	800	5	5	5
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	25	10	10
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	25	15	15
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	2,680	1,260	1,415
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	5	0	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	335	155	180
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	5	0	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	5	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	5
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	325	150	180
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	5	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	10	5	5
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	0	0	0
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	30	10	15
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	110	50	65
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	120	55	60
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	5	0	5
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	20	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	150	65	85
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	20	5	10
Danish	855	410	445	5	5	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	50	20	25
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	70	30	40
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	5
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	135	70	70
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	830	410	415
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	555	275	290
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	115	60	60
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	65	30	40
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	80	45	40
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	5	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	90	45	45
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	15	5	5
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	155	70	85
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	265	140	125
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	10	5	5
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	245	125	120
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	1,215	560	655
Catalan	355	165	190	5	5	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	140	55	80
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	660	310	350
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	25	15	15
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	385	175	210
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	5	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	5	5	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	5	5
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	245	115	135
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	15	5	10
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	5	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	5	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	35	25	15
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	15	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	1,030	490	540
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	1,025	485	540
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	210	95	115
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	755	365	390
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	40	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	10	5	5
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	5	0	5
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	5	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	10	0	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	5	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	30	15	20
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	5	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	35	15	20
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	25	15	15
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	5	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	25	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	2,660	1,220	1,435
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	460	225	235
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	2,075	950	1,125
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	95	35	55
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	120,865	57,720	63,140
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	110,005	52,675	57,330
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	3,335	1,605	1,725
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	2,720	1,205	1,515
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	4,545	2,115	2,440
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	4,505	2,095	2,415
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	80	35	45
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	55	30	25
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	125	55	70
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	102,125	48,215	53,905
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	98,580	46,470	52,110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	35,034	40,493	31,058
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	98,615	46,475	52,145
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	31,772	36,313	28,319
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	88,700	42,225	46,480
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	33,150	39,596	27,765
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	73,155	32,145	41,010
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	6,089	4,549	6,801
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	71,430	35,460	35,975
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	30,869	34,798	27,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	102,120	48,255	53,865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	98,510	46,480	52,020
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	46,611	53,335	40,603
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	98,530	46,485	52,045
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	39,112	44,096	34,660
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	88,740	42,185	46,550
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	45,281	53,263	38,046
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	73,295	32,145	41,155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,822	7,220	8,293
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	71,430	35,480	35,955
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	41,719	47,441	36,072
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	102,125	48,260	53,865
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	32,700	17,445	15,250
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	53,952	59,730	49,588
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	62,674	68,528	55,977
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	87.3	90.4	83.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	65.0	67.3	62.3
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	12.7	9.6	16.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	102,125	48,220	53,905
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	3,540	1,745	1,800
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	98,580	46,475	52,110
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.5	96.4	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	12,695	5,710	6,990
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	17,215	6,935	10,275
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	13,510	5,425	8,090
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	11,270	4,910	6,360
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	9,975	4,530	5,440
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	7,890	3,805	4,085
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	6,590	3,665	2,920
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	4,875	2,760	2,110
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	3,920	2,205	1,720
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	2,895	1,600	1,290
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	7,750	4,925	2,820
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	5,355	3,275	2,085
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	2,390	1,655	740
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	102,125	48,215	53,905
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	3,505	1,745	1,765
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	98,615	46,470	52,140
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.6	96.4	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	13,265	5,820	7,445
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	18,025	7,260	10,765
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	15,545	6,375	9,165
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	13,330	5,945	7,395
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	11,275	5,255	6,025
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	8,595	4,720	3,875
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	6,225	3,600	2,630
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	4,400	2,425	1,975
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	7,950	5,075	2,875
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	2,700	1,565	1,135
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	1,475	935	535
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	3,775	2,575	1,205
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	102,125	48,220	53,905
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	30,695	12,760	17,935
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	71,435	35,460	35,970
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	69.9	73.5	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	11,720	5,695	6,030
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	6,225	2,785	3,445
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	9,545	4,245	5,305
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	7,550	3,445	4,105
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	6,775	3,120	3,655
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	6,395	2,955	3,440
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	5,150	2,500	2,650
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	4,590	2,620	1,970
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	3,385	1,970	1,415
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	10,100	6,135	3,960
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	2,895	1,605	1,290
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	2,220	1,195	1,025
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	4,990	3,340	1,650
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	53,515	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	67,485	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	59,541	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	17,195	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	36,271	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	32,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	36,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	86,914	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	76,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	53,520	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	85,792	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	72,005	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	17,170	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	48,221	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	40,708	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	36,350	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	103,537	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	86,786	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	53,520	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	805	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	850	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,830	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	2,125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	2,385	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	2,275	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	2,305	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	2,340	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	2,255	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	2,265	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	4,335	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	3,995	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	3,575	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	3,285	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	2,860	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	16,025	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	5,465	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	3,675	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	3,960	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	2,920	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	53,520	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	855	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,850	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	2,235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	2,650	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,510	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,745	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	2,710	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	2,780	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	2,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	5,070	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	4,575	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	3,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	3,465	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,885	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	11,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	4,990	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	3,010	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	3,655	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	33,735	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	88,678	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	77,268	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	14,320	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	84,758	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	73,789	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	12,665	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	116,558	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	99,863	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	5,815	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	52,562	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	48,718	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	33,825	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	105,790	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	88,295	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	14,360	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	98,639	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	82,124	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	12,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	135,731	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	111,977	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	5,820	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	62,495	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	54,801	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	24,825	10,990	13,835
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	29,636	29,029	30,059
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	27,500	26,935	27,970
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	24,530	10,850	13,685
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	41,307	42,534	40,335
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	35,349	36,176	34,694
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	120,220	57,505	62,715
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	58,775	27,285	31,490
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	13,785	6,485	7,300
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	11,545	5,115	6,430
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	10,915	5,025	5,885
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	11,120	5,225	5,895
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	11,405	5,430	5,975
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	61,445	30,220	31,225
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	11,880	5,700	6,175
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	12,105	5,905	6,200
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	13,060	6,480	6,575
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	12,930	6,395	6,535
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	11,475	5,730	5,745
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	120,220	57,500	62,715
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	21,875	11,235	10,640
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	7,085	3,665	3,415
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	76,265	36,545	39,720
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	22,075	9,725	12,350
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	17,820	8,045	9,780
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	3,820	1,945	1,865
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,430	725	700
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	11,910	5,400	6,505
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	2,100	700	1,405
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	14.8	14.0	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	17.5	17.3	17.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	20.2	19.8	20.5
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	15.6	14.8	16.4
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	9.5	7.2	11.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	11,470	5,455	6,010
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,920	955	965
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	735	350	385
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	9,105	4,315	4,790
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	445	190	260
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	9.5	9.5	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	8.8	8.5	9.1
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	10.4	9.5	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	11.9	11.8	12.1
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.0	2.0	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	120,215	57,505	62,715
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	119,570	57,220	62,345
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	119,300	57,075	62,225
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	16,250	7,400	8,845
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	17,065	7,985	9,075
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	75	15	55
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	55	15	45
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	30	0	25
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	15	0	10
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	15	0	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	10
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	20	0	15
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	20	0	15
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	0	10
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	0	15
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	17,000	7,970	9,025
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,310	700	615
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	20	20	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	15	15	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,300	685	610
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	20	10	10
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	1,155	610	545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	105	60	40
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	15	10	10
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	15	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	295	140	155
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	70	25	40
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	235	110	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	590	175	410
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	10	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	20	10	0
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	10	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	35	0	25
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	70	35	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	515	135	375
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	10	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	45	20	20
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	315	170	140
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	15	10	10
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	80	35	45
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	180	100	80
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	50	30	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	11,205	5,295	5,915
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	55	25	30
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	45	20	20
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	1,425	645	780
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	45	10	35
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	25	0	20
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	25	10	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	1,385	640	750
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	10	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	10	0	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	10	10	15
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	50	30	20
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	165	75	90
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	15	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	520	225	300
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	385	185	195
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	100	40	60
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	35	10	25
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	75	40	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	15	0	10
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	160	75	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	10	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	55	35	25
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	20	15	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	20	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	15	10	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	2,500	1,095	1,405
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	45	25	25
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	80	30	50
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	725	300	425
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	20	10	10
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,660	750	910
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	10	10	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	15	10	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	55	30	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	10	10
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	440	225	210
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	2,120	1,135	985
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	1,625	870	760
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	245	140	105
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	255	135	120
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	725	380	345
Kashmiri	905	490	420	10	10	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	15	10	10
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	30	0	20
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	25	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	345	185	160
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	40	25	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	60	30	30
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	515	285	230
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	530	280	250
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	25	15	10
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	45	15	30
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	475	255	220
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	4,985	2,325	2,655
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	15	10	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	1,000	485	515
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	1,955	970	980
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	85	40	45
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	2,175	920	1,250
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	35	25	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	170	80	90
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	10	10	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	10	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	495	235	260
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	250	115	130
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	75	30	50
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	10	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	15	10	15
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	10	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	10	10	10
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	15	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	60	35	25
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	10	10	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	45	15	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	60	20	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	15	10	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	20	10	10
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	225	85	140
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	170	55	115
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	55	25	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	2,130	1,010	1,115
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	2,100	985	1,110
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	620	280	340
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	10	0	10
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	1,460	690	775
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	85	40	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	55	20	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	150	65	85
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	30	20	10
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	15	10	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	20	15	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	40	10	25
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	0	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	160	85	70
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	10	10	10
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	155	80	70
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	220	90	130
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	30	0	25
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	85	35	45
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	105	45	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	40	15	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	120,215	57,505	62,715
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	115,215	55,095	60,120
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	21,350	10,915	10,440
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	93,865	44,180	49,680
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	5,000	2,405	2,595
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	120,215	57,500	62,715
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	102,740	49,245	53,500
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	15,840	7,405	8,435
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	7,410	3,420	3,990
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	1,720	825	895
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	2,065	990	1,075
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	3,010	1,400	1,605
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	1,435	680	760
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	1,570	720	850
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	1,630	770	860
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	1,640	860	780
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	15,840	7,405	8,430
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	1,910	910	1,000
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	3,215	1,600	1,615
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	3,545	1,500	2,045
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	6,200	2,950	3,255
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	965	455	510
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	15,840	7,405	8,435
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	2,390	1,040	1,355
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	105	45	60
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	70	15	50
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	175	85	90
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	85	25	55
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	25	0	20
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	175	90	85
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	100	40	60
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	35	0	30
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	95	45	50
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	1,205	510	695
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	330	170	160
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	7,540	3,530	4,010
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	35	15	25
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	30	20	10
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	115	60	60
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	610	225	385
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	175	110	65
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	70	45	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	100	55	40
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	430	220	210
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	640	290	350
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	285	135	150
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	1,190	595	595
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	70	40	40
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	105	25	80
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	70	35	35
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	100	45	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	2,895	1,355	1,545
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	620	265	355
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	1,065	530	535
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	35	15	20
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	260	145	115
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	20	15	10
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	65	30	35
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	55	25	40
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	60	30	30
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	10	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	120	60	60
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	435	205	230
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	4,705	2,230	2,480
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	30	15	20
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	115	70	45
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	950	415	535
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	120	50	70
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	725	355	365
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	300	170	130
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	90	55	35
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	75	20	55
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	350	170	175
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	75	50	25
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	365	185	180
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	515	165	350
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	145	75	70
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	45	25	20
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	70	30	35
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	160	70	85
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	600	300	300
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	135	80	60
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	1,630	770	860
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	265	135	125
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	55	30	25
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	10	10	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	10	0	10
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	30	20	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	105	55	50
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	45	30	20
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	200	90	115
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	15	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	15	0	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	10	0	10
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	90	40	55
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	60	30	30
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	200	100	105
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	10	10	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	15	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	30	10	20
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	45	30	20
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	10	10	10
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	15	10	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	25	15	10
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	10	10	10
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	35	20	15
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	955	435	520
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	10	10	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	20	20	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	190	80	110
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	10	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	135	70	65
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	110	55	55
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	30	15	15
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	15	10	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	45	20	20
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	0	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	20	10	10
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	45	15	25
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	130	40	90
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	40	20	25
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	35	15	20
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	15	15	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	10	10	10
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	15	0	10
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	25	10	20
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	65	40	30
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	10	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	120,220	57,505	62,715
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	18,575	8,840	9,730
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	20,025	9,750	10,275
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	81,620	38,910	42,705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	8,645	4,075	4,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	4,920	2,450	2,465
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	1,915	1,255	660
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	3,010	1,200	1,810
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	2,630	1,035	1,600
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,065	575	490
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	25	15	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	120,220	57,505	62,715
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	4,220	1,965	2,255
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	4,070	1,875	2,195
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	2,660	1,230	1,435
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	1,365	620	740
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	45	25	25
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	80	45	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	75	40	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	115,995	55,540	60,460
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	120,220	57,505	62,715
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,115	550	560
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	119,100	56,950	62,150
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	120,220	57,505	62,710
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	855	405	445
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	840	400	440
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	670	305	365
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	155	90	65
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	5,835	2,805	3,030
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	5,685	2,745	2,940
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	4,260	2,015	2,245
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	1,370	705	665
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	50	20	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	150	65	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	135	55	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	113,535	54,295	59,240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	120,215	57,505	62,715
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	11,655	5,780	5,875
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	2,395	1,280	1,120
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	2,535	1,210	1,325
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,750	910	840
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	755	295	460
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	885	380	500
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	1,020	555	465
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	545	245	300
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	460	255	205
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	525	260	260
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	190	70	120
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	165	85	80
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	425	230	195
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	108,565	51,725	56,840
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	120,220	57,505	62,710
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	6,685	3,210	3,475
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	5,085	2,380	2,705
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	80	40	45
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	1,680	860	820
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	43,985	21,040	22,945
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	370	205	165
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,840	890	945
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	42,620	20,375	22,245
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	115	55	60
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	10	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	10	10	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	60	35	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	90,020	42,445	47,580
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	69,265	32,510	36,750
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	25	10	15
Cornish	1,975	995	975	20	10	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	38,695	17,960	20,745
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	33,385	15,285	18,100
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	45	15	30
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	29,640	13,850	15,795
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,900	1,290	1,610
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	4,395	1,960	2,435
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	17,575	8,270	9,310
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	10	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	10	10	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	17,565	8,260	9,305
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	19,560	9,005	10,555
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	750	355	400
Bavarian	940	485	455	10	10	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	425	215	210
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	6,880	3,130	3,750
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	45	30	15
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	30	10	15
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	12,630	5,845	6,790
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	465	230	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	3,815	1,880	1,930
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	940	475	460
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	695	340	355
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	265	135	125
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	1,030	540	485
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	975	390	580
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	175	115	60
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	9,430	4,380	5,050
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	35	20	20
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	30	10	15
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	530	255	280
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	120	55	65
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	150	60	90
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	985	515	470
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	160	55	105
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	260	140	120
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	15	0	10
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	3,745	1,735	2,015
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	460	240	225
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	1,195	535	665
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	300	140	160
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	2,795	1,275	1,520
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	65	30	35
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	10,345	5,180	5,160
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	60	30	35
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	40	15	20
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	285	190	100
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	15	15	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	920	500	425
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	4,435	2,215	2,220
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	10	0	10
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	55	30	25
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	105	60	50
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	10	10	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	3,445	1,780	1,660
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	180	85	100
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	60	30	30
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	95	40	55
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	1,035	440	595
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	140	60	75
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	15	10	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	680	335	350
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	10
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	365	175	190
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	25	10	20
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	25	15	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	260	135	125
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	1,120	545	575
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	10	10	10
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	10	0	10
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	130	65	70
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	15	10	10
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	105	45	60
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	30	20	10
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	45	25	20
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	535	285	250
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	10	0	10
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	10	10	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	30	15	20
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	125	50	75
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	15	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	70	40	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	45	20	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	1,375	640	735
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	70	25	40
Arawak	1,440	610	830	10	10	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	25	20	10
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	10	10
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	145	70	75
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	30	15	20
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	120	30	95
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	45	0	40
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	25	20	10
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	65	30	35
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	125	65	65
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	20	0	20
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	40	20	20
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	25	10	15
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	255	135	125
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	55	35	20
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	35	0	25
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	175	85	90
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	10
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	75	55	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	105	35	70
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	2,125	1,040	1,080
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	405	185	220
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	10	0	15
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	10	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	10	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	70	35	35
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	15	10	15
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	85	35	55
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	15	15	10
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	10	10	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	10	0	15
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	20	10	15
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	70	35	30
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	15	10	10
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	20	0	15
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	25	20	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	45	25	15
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	810	390	415
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	40	15	20
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	50	15	35
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	30	15	10
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	450	225	225
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	40	20	25
Maure	1,190	655	535	10	0	10
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	115	45	70
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	50	30	20
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	45	20	25
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	30	20	10
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	430	230	200
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	10	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	30	20	10
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	10	15	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	25	15	15
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	15	15	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	55	35	25
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	10	0	10
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	35	30	10
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	205	95	110
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	15	0	10
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	30	20	10
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	15	10	10
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	525	250	275
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	70	30	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	470	225	245
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	9,455	4,725	4,725
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	2,035	1,145	885
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	75	35	35
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	390	215	175
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	100	45	55
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	20	10	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	580	335	240
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	95	55	35
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	65	25	40
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	30	15	15
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	30	15	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	295	170	120
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	105	65	45
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	10	10	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	110	50	60
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	100	50	45
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	10	0	10
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	170	100	70
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	15	10	10
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	10	0	10
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	35	30	10
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	2,610	1,405	1,205
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	95	45	50
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	45	15	30
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	1,800	985	820
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	30	20	15
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	35	15	25
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	15	10	10
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	400	210	190
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	65	30	35
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	15	10	15
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	160	90	75
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	40	30	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	75	40	35
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	4,950	2,280	2,670
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	105	40	65
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	2,915	1,395	1,520
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	860	340	515
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	45	25	15
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	245	100	145
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	20	10	10
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	550	270	280
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	45	10	30
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	10	0	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	35	30	10
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	65	20	45
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	300	155	145
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	40	10	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	35	15	25
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	265	150	115
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	185	110	70
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	70	35	35
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	15	10	15
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	10	0	10
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	53,520	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	31,900	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	21,620	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	53,515	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	3,480	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	50,040	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	53,520	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	265	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	7,060	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	13,875	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	19,220	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	13,090	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	53,515	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	14,650	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	7,755	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	7,775	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	7,270	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	16,065	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	53,520	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	53,250	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	53,520	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	51,920	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	53,520	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	12,305	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	17,090	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	8,960	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	6,035	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	3,285	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	3,265	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	2,585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	53,515	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	50,330	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	3,185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	53,520	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	31,875	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	20,280	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	1,360	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	53,520	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	3,070	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	8,395	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	7,595	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	9,785	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	9,885	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	7,885	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	4,765	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	2,140	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	53,330	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	38,345	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	14,985	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	13,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	31,770	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	57.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	14.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,210	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,306	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	300,616	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	357,365	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	21,605	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	12.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	48.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,001	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,065	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	102,120	48,260	53,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	14,110	7,170	6,940
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	28,455	14,330	14,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	59,560	26,755	32,805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	5,760	4,015	1,745
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,795	1,655	1,140
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	2,970	2,360	605
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	24,040	9,195	14,850
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,430	505	925
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	28,320	13,035	15,290
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	16,450	6,900	9,550
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,435	625	810
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	1,370	755	610
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	6,275	2,905	3,370
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	2,790	1,850	940
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	63,860	30,430	33,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	4,925	2,770	2,155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	15,525	8,330	7,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	43,405	19,330	24,075
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	3,735	2,575	1,155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,875	1,085	795
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,850	1,495	360
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	17,865	7,080	10,790
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	830	335	490
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	20,975	9,340	11,635
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	11,835	4,835	6,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	980	415	565
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	1,170	595	575
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	4,975	2,260	2,720
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	2,020	1,235	785
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	102,120	48,260	53,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	42,560	21,505	21,060
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,910	1,050	2,860
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,915	1,055	2,860
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	2,155	860	1,290
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	335	280	55
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,820	585	1,235
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	4,125	1,675	2,455
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	345	100	245
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	1,185	320	860
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	760	315	445
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	55	25	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	315	150	170
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	365	210	160
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	890	525	375
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	205	30	175
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	8,425	2,885	5,545
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	155	40	115
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	605	225	375
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,465	145	1,325
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	1,175	450	720
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	605	140	470
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,680	450	1,230
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	2,745	1,435	1,310
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	9,645	3,635	6,010
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	1,280	300	985
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	8,355	3,335	5,020
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	3,235	1,715	1,515
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	1,675	690	980
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	330	155	170
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	30	0	25
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	1,120	820	295
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	90	45	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	2,280	1,500	785
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,655	1,170	480
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	140	30	120
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	460	275	180
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	30	20	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	9,165	8,370	795
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	320	215	105
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	2,810	2,305	500
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	2,085	1,970	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,970	1,950	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,430	1,405	20
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	555	525	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	685	425	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	355	210	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	330	215	115
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	11,785	2,495	9,295
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	835	425	410
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	10,410	1,745	8,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	540	325	215
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	4,130	2,145	1,985
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	2,180	645	1,535
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	170	160	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	160	145	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	1,310	895	415
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	315	295	20
Other	3,170	885	2,280	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	15	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	63,860	30,430	33,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	20,450	11,100	9,355
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	2,540	680	1,860
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	2,540	680	1,860
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,545	575	965
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	235	195	40
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,310	380	925
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	2,615	1,100	1,510
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	210	60	150
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	695	185	515
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	480	210	270
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	20	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	225	125	100
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	235	140	90
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	625	370	250
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	125	15	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	6,520	2,135	4,380
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	120	40	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	480	200	280
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	1,125	100	1,025
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	960	320	640
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	485	100	380
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	1,295	340	960
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	2,065	1,045	1,020
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	7,180	2,730	4,450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	0	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	975	235	745
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	6,195	2,490	3,705
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	2,315	1,105	1,210
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	1,300	505	795
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	245	105	140
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	710	485	225
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	45	15	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	1,790	1,190	600
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,400	985	415
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	80	15	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	280	170	110
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	25	20	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	6,450	5,775	675
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	245	165	80
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	2,040	1,605	435
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,555	1,455	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,335	1,315	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	910	895	15
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	365	335	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	535	315	220
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	255	145	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	285	170	115
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	8,690	1,985	6,705
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	590	340	250
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	7,675	1,415	6,255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	430	235	200
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	3,220	1,735	1,490
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,600	495	1,110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	145	135	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	125	120	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	1,095	750	345
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	260	240	15
Other	2,590	745	1,845	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	102,120	48,260	53,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	42,560	21,500	21,060
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	59,560	26,755	32,805
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	52,640	23,330	29,310
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	46,195	20,480	25,715
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	6,440	2,845	3,590
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	6,925	3,425	3,495
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,670	890	780
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	310	60	250
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	405	200	210
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	1,240	740	505
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	410	215	200
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	125	70	60
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	2,755	1,260	1,500
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	63,860	30,430	33,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	20,450	11,100	9,355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	43,405	19,330	24,075
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	38,810	17,175	21,635
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	34,200	15,205	19,000
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	4,610	1,970	2,635
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	4,590	2,155	2,435
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	1,075	520	555
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	230	40	185
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	290	135	155
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	565	345	220
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	355	190	165
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	75	45	30
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	2,005	880	1,125
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	102,125	48,260	53,865
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	63,770	31,755	32,015
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	58,710	29,150	29,560
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	5,060	2,610	2,450
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	38,355	16,500	21,855
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	62.4	65.8	59.4
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	57.5	60.4	54.9
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.9	8.2	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	102,120	48,255	53,865
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	35,545	15,165	20,375
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	66,575	33,090	33,485
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	33,455	17,925	15,530
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	33,125	15,170	17,955
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.6	42.9	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	63,770	31,760	32,015
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,615	820	790
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	62,155	30,930	31,225
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	56,390	27,550	28,845
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	5,770	3,385	2,380
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	63,765	31,755	32,010
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,615	825	790
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	62,155	30,930	31,220
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	5,835	3,610	2,220
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	8,445	2,390	6,060
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	3,515	2,835	675
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	6,445	1,695	4,745
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	11,930	5,290	6,645
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,915	840	1,075
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	16,320	7,160	9,160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	5,950	5,655	295
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	735	595	140
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	1,075	865	210
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	63,770	31,755	32,010
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,615	825	790
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	62,155	30,930	31,220
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	295	185	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	105	100	0
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	305	245	65
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	3,445	3,095	345
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	2,300	1,755	545
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,110	805	305
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	7,240	3,455	3,790
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,460	1,150	310
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	950	530	420
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,810	715	1,095
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	1,145	630	510
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	3,010	1,600	1,410
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	25	15	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,970	1,765	1,205
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	8,405	3,435	4,975
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	10,175	2,405	7,775
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,445	690	755
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	6,065	2,670	3,395
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,425	1,050	1,385
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	7,460	4,650	2,810
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	58,715	29,150	29,560
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	3,480	1,665	1,820
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	265	170	95
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	5,460	3,855	1,600
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	49,510	23,460	26,045
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	49,505	23,465	26,045
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	44,890	20,840	24,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	310	170	140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	4,085	2,310	1,770
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	225	135	90
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	54,965	27,320	27,645
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	39,300	20,440	18,855
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,990	1,445	2,550
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	4,565	1,845	2,720
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	5,110	2,435	2,675
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	1,330	815	520
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	675	335	335
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	54,970	27,320	27,650
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	21,245	10,210	11,035
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	25,105	12,565	12,540
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	5,935	3,010	2,925
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	1,315	690	625
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	1,370	840	530
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	54,970	27,320	27,650
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	2,200	1,465	740
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	8,590	5,165	3,420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	16,440	8,365	8,075
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	13,280	5,610	7,670
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	6,315	2,725	3,585
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	8,150	3,990	4,160
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	68,365	33,875	34,485
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	67,720	33,560	34,160
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	67,460	33,420	34,045
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	66,770	33,205	33,565
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	690	205	485
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	260	140	115
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	10	10	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	10	10	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	10	10	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	255	135	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	10	10	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	10	10	10
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	10	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	85	45	35
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	10	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	10	10	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	15	0	20
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	15	0	20
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	10	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	10
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	60	35	20
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	30	25	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	10	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	100	60	40
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	105	60	40
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	25	20	10
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	75	40	35
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	10	0	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	645	320	330
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	430	220	215
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	200	100	100
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	20	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	68,365	33,875	34,485
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	64,135	31,820	32,315
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	610	220	395
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	3,005	1,525	1,480
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	575	305	265
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	565	300	260
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	10	0	10
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	10	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	35	10	25
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	119,030	56,920	62,115
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	98,915	47,070	51,850
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	20,115	9,850	10,265
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	12,550	6,145	6,405
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	7,565	3,705	3,860
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	6,420	3,120	3,305
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	4,810	2,325	2,480
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,615	790	825
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	1,145	590	555
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	114,335	54,430	59,910
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	64,140	30,585	33,555
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	50,200	23,845	26,355
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	28,245	13,515	14,730
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	21,950	10,325	11,625
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	18,515	8,640	9,875
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	14,090	6,460	7,630
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	4,425	2,180	2,245
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	3,435	1,685	1,750