Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Champlain, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Champlain, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Champlain, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario  Map : Champlain, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	1,292,639	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	1,230,655	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	556,095	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	520,920	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	72.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	17,723.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	1,292,640	630,860	661,780
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	213,540	108,870	104,670
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	67,740	34,395	33,345
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	73,515	37,595	35,920
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	72,285	36,880	35,405
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	863,550	424,535	439,010
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	76,845	39,160	37,680
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	87,880	44,700	43,180
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	83,380	41,625	41,755
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	81,805	40,230	41,580
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	78,985	37,880	41,110
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	83,495	39,910	43,590
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	88,790	43,290	45,500
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	103,290	50,895	52,395
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	96,900	47,160	49,740
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	82,175	39,685	42,495
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	215,545	97,450	118,095
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	72,260	34,850	37,410
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	51,295	24,360	26,935
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	36,775	16,960	19,820
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	26,670	11,565	15,110
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	28,540	9,715	18,825
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	17,155	6,475	10,680
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	8,735	2,675	6,060
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	2,345	525	1,815
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	315	40	275
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	16.5	17.3	15.8
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	66.8	67.3	66.3
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.7	15.4	17.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.2	1.5	2.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.0	40.0	41.8
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	41.5	40.4	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	267,945	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	70,075	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	180,800	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	28,065	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	85,200	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	11,825	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	54,750	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	965	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	2,095	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	144,030	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	182,560	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	79,795	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	74,170	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	40,370	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	1,266,560	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	1,079,095	521,990	557,105
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	624,320	312,025	312,295
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	516,295	257,765	258,530
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	108,020	54,255	53,760
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	454,785	209,965	244,820
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	303,665	161,240	142,425
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	30,075	12,660	17,420
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	63,210	24,170	39,040
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	57,830	11,895	45,935
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	361,820	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	184,075	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	75,695	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	71,345	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	30,700	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	361,820	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	305,435	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	251,460	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	53,975	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	56,385	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	44,300	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	12,090	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	305,435	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	150,475	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	154,955	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	59,380	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	66,735	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	28,840	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	56,385	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	33,600	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	16,315	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	6,470	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	221,080	103,715	117,370
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	346,185	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	144,010	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	202,175	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	7,700	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	167,035	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	144,030	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	23,010	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	1,276,840	624,535	652,300
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	766,150	389,010	377,135
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	24,440	10,475	13,965
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	471,955	219,375	252,585
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	14,300	5,680	8,615
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,276,840	624,540	652,305
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	1,014,605	502,505	512,100
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	225,175	105,540	119,635
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	23,145	11,005	12,145
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	13,915	5,490	8,425
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	236,750	111,040	125,705
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	18.5	17.8	19.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	1,276,840	624,540	652,300
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	1,237,460	605,805	631,655
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	1,022,525	504,290	518,235
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	809,290	403,835	405,455
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	213,235	100,460	112,770
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	214,940	101,510	113,425
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	1,185	475	710
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	320	135	185
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	170	75	95
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	5	5	5
Moose Cree	100	50	55	5	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	10	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	20	15	10
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	35	15	20
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	80	35	45
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	25	15	15
Malecite	305	140	160	5	5	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	20	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	125	45	75
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	25	5	15
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	90	35	55
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	10	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	5
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	5	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	5	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	370	130	245
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	5	5	5
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	340	115	225
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	30	10	15
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	470	200	270
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	465	200	265
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	5	5	5
Kutenai	105	55	55	5	0	5
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	5
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	5	0	5
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	10	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	213,755	101,040	112,715
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	44,975	22,545	22,430
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	380	200	180
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	250	135	115
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	130	70	60
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	6,665	2,875	3,785
Bilen	805	455	350	50	25	20
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	220	120	95
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	6,305	2,685	3,620
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	90	45	50
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	37,875	19,440	18,435
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	1,465	685	780
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	34,875	17,990	16,880
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	75	35	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	10	5	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	60	30	30
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	365	195	170
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	45	15	25
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	905	445	470
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	75	35	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	7,195	3,310	3,890
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	1,115	490	620
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	6,075	2,810	3,265
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	8,140	2,910	5,225
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	35	15	20
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	390	125	265
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	5
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	115	35	75
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	585	230	355
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	60	30	30
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	425	170	255
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	20	5	15
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	30	10	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	6,315	2,225	4,090
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	45	20	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	125	40	80
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	4,290	1,800	2,490
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	300	130	170
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	3,805	1,580	2,225
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	185	85	100
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	4,335	2,240	2,100
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	225	115	110
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	695	360	340
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	2,890	1,475	1,415
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	505	275	230
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	25	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	97,775	46,720	51,050
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	670	325	340
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	505	255	245
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	22,510	10,140	12,370
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	530	225	300
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	285	125	155
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	245	100	140
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	21,985	9,915	12,070
Belarusan	810	385	430	40	20	20
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	615	280	335
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	870	405	465
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	1,085	505	580
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	1,035	470	570
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	70	30	35
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	6,740	3,055	3,690
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	6,435	2,810	3,625
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	1,785	860	925
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	525	255	270
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	620	285	335
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	235	95	140
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	1,820	800	1,025
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	105	55	50
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	140	70	75
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	55	30	25
Welsh	1,075	495	575	65	25	40
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	20	15	10
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	13,425	6,255	7,170
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	175	85	90
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	390	180	210
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	3,745	1,810	1,925
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	85	45	40
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	8,235	3,745	4,490
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	20	10	10
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	155	65	95
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	305	155	150
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	115	50	65
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	180	100	80
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	15	5	15
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	2,430	1,295	1,135
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	28,455	14,370	14,090
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	19,620	9,925	9,695
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	3,405	1,700	1,705
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	1,625	850	775
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	2,950	1,510	1,440
Kashmiri	565	300	265	20	10	10
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	105	50	55
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	295	150	145
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	935	445	495
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	40	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	4,070	2,095	1,975
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	285	130	155
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	830	400	430
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	5,055	2,560	2,495
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	8,735	4,380	4,350
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	665	345	320
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	1,090	555	540
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	6,980	3,485	3,495
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	105	60	40
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	29,640	14,010	15,630
Catalan	865	440	425	30	15	15
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	9,670	4,845	4,825
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	4,490	2,100	2,390
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	2,695	1,230	1,470
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	12,735	5,810	6,920
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	25	15	10
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	1,060	320	735
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	35	15	25
Georgian	1,715	910	805	35	10	20
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	2,205	930	1,275
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	35	15	20
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	30	15	20
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	5,495	2,420	3,070
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	360	175	180
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	75	30	50
Edo	1,670	770	900	35	20	20
Ewe	1,760	950	805	80	30	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	100	45	55
Ga	920	445	470	60	30	25
Ganda	1,295	625	665	125	55	65
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	190	95	95
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	335	125	215
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	850	365	485
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	655	235	420
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	115	40	75
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	1,125	500	625
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	80	40	45
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	240	125	115
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	1,060	500	560
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	310	140	165
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	85	40	45
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	220	95	120
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	280	140	140
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	100	40	60
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	15	5	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	165	95	75
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	32,615	15,150	17,465
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	31,805	14,755	17,050
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	10,400	4,895	5,505
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	155	70	90
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	18,900	8,715	10,185
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	55	25	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	740	325	420
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	450	205	250
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	1,095	520	570
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	15	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	815	395	415
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	230	120	115
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	320	155	170
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	95	50	40
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	170	70	95
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	740	260	485
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	360	170	200
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	375	90	280
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	1,710	875	840
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	130	70	55
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	1,440	740	705
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	10	5	5
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	65	30	40
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	65	30	30
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	2,415	1,160	1,255
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	185	90	95
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	360	150	205
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	1,870	915	955
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	155	90	70
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	39,380	18,730	20,650
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	16,560	7,855	8,705
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	16,260	7,860	8,400
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	4,015	1,835	2,180
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	2,540	1,175	1,370
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,276,840	624,535	652,300
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	1,212,810	594,360	618,455
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,108,880	545,325	563,555
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	957,470	474,525	482,945
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	151,410	70,800	80,610
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	103,935	49,035	54,900
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	355	155	200
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	80	35	40
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	60	25	35
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	5	5	5
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	5
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	5	5	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	10	0	5
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	5	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	30	15	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	5	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	20	15	10
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	20	10	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	5	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	135	50	80
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	5	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	120	45	75
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	135	60	80
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	135	60	75
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	103,580	48,880	54,700
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	24,935	11,990	12,950
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	220	110	110
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	185	90	95
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	35	20	20
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	3,855	1,580	2,275
Bilen	620	330	285	30	10	15
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	130	70	60
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	3,640	1,475	2,170
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	55	25	35
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	20,845	10,295	10,550
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	850	400	450
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	19,360	9,580	9,780
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	40	15	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	5	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	20	5	15
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	135	80	60
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	5	5
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	415	200	225
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	4,230	1,945	2,285
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	465	200	265
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	3,760	1,745	2,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	5
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	3,390	1,415	1,975
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	5
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	125	55	75
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	45	15	30
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	230	110	120
Malagasy	435	220	210	15	10	5
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	125	55	70
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	5	0	5
Pangasinan	240	110	135	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	2,785	1,145	1,640
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	10	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	40	20	25
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	1,865	765	1,100
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	155	70	90
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	1,640	660	980
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	65	30	35
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	2,195	1,100	1,095
Kannada	1,630	825	800	80	45	40
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	300	155	145
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,610	790	820
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	195	105	90
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	40,185	19,075	21,105
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	300	145	160
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	215	95	115
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	9,400	4,430	4,975
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	110	45	65
Latvian	1,255	530	725	60	25	35
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	45	25	30
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	9,295	4,385	4,910
Belarusan	230	105	120	20	10	10
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	310	155	160
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	415	200	220
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	335	150	185
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	240	120	125
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	10	5	5
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	2,215	1,020	1,195
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	3,740	1,755	1,990
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	1,040	520	520
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	200	100	95
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	200	90	105
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	25	10	15
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	520	240	285
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	15	5	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	10	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	5	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	1,825	860	965
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	45	20	25
Danish	855	410	445	25	10	15
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	285	140	145
Frisian	185	95	90	5	5	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	1,380	640	740
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	15	5	10
Swedish	1,045	500	545	55	35	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	10	5	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	15	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	735	350	385
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	15,560	7,600	7,955
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	10,345	5,125	5,230
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	2,025	980	1,045
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	690	355	330
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	1,315	655	655
Kashmiri	135	70	70	5	5	5
Konkani	720	355	370	35	15	20
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	110	50	65
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	735	365	380
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	2,270	1,145	1,120
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	70	30	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	395	190	205
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	2,685	1,320	1,365
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	5,185	2,465	2,720
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	375	195	180
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	695	335	360
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	4,115	1,935	2,180
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	12,135	5,590	6,545
Catalan	355	165	190	15	5	10
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	2,590	1,160	1,430
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	1,895	890	1,005
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	1,255	585	670
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	6,380	2,955	3,425
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	0	5
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	405	145	265
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	10	0	5
Georgian	1,035	565	475	5	5	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	1,210	560	655
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	15	10	5
Mongolian	910	435	470	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	1,495	665	825
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	125	60	65
Bamanankan	340	180	160	15	5	5
Edo	415	175	240	5	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	25	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	25	10	15
Ga	250	105	140	15	10	5
Ganda	345	160	185	30	15	15
Igbo	1,000	485	510	55	30	30
Lingala	1,045	455	590	70	25	50
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	265	130	135
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	225	85	145
Shona	1,035	475	560	20	10	10
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	385	175	210
Wolof	1,380	745	635	30	15	15
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	50	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	150	65	80
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	80	35	40
Dinka	1,130	580	550	30	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	55	20	30
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	395	210	185
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	120	55	60
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	20	10	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	255	145	115
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	21,425	10,150	11,275
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	20,840	9,870	10,970
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	5,965	2,755	3,215
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	50	20	30
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	13,660	6,540	7,120
Min Dong	345	150	195	15	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	285	120	165
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	250	120	130
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	615	320	295
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	575	275	305
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	145	65	80
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	250	120	130
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	70	40	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	110	50	65
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	270	110	170
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	170	75	100
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	100	35	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	875	425	450
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	50	25	30
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	765	370	395
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	35	15	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	20	15	5
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	560	265	300
Estonian	975	365	610	25	10	15
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	35	20	20
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	505	235	265
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	35	20	15
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	64,030	30,180	33,850
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	16,605	7,650	8,950
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	39,075	18,815	20,260
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	3,440	1,470	1,975
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	4,905	2,245	2,655
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	1,276,840	624,535	652,300
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,007,455	498,690	508,765
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	104,660	49,655	55,000
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	82,385	37,885	44,505
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	72,855	33,985	38,870
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	805	325	480
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	72,050	33,660	38,390
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	2,715	1,280	1,435
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	2,595	1,220	1,370
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	4,090	1,775	2,315
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	90	45	45
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	1,053,355	511,150	542,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	1,009,730	490,230	519,505
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	39,555	46,182	34,248
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,010,110	490,270	519,845
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	35,285	40,541	30,991
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	912,945	450,755	462,190
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	39,204	46,184	32,969
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	706,765	315,720	391,045
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	4,577	2,824	5,470
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	747,400	380,255	367,150
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	38,795	44,128	34,106
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,053,355	511,145	542,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	1,009,830	490,150	519,680
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	51,380	59,017	44,177
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	1,010,235	490,180	520,055
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	42,223	47,666	37,094
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	913,240	450,560	462,675
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	51,149	59,448	43,069
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	706,335	315,510	390,825
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,323	6,789	7,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	747,400	379,510	367,890
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	49,924	56,654	42,981
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,053,350	511,145	542,205
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	381,085	208,320	172,765
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	61,729	66,049	57,135
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	70,665	76,912	63,133
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	90.0	92.6	86.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	71.8	74.1	68.9
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	10.0	7.4	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,053,355	511,150	542,200
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	43,620	20,925	22,695
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	1,009,730	490,230	519,505
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.9	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	133,075	59,140	73,940
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	157,640	64,280	93,365
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	118,055	49,935	68,120
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	100,395	44,550	55,855
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	93,640	43,230	50,415
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	82,445	40,210	42,235
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	71,875	37,625	34,250
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	56,165	30,820	25,350
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	46,855	26,055	20,805
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	40,610	22,025	18,590
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	108,965	72,380	36,580
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	78,105	49,970	28,135
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	30,860	22,410	8,445
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,053,350	511,150	542,200
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	43,240	20,885	22,355
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,010,110	490,265	519,840
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.9	95.9	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	138,945	60,320	78,620
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	164,190	67,390	96,800
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	136,540	58,760	77,780
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	122,665	55,560	67,105
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	112,895	53,980	58,920
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	95,050	49,505	45,545
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	71,575	39,790	31,785
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	57,630	31,860	25,775
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	110,625	73,110	37,515
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	39,640	23,740	15,895
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	22,960	15,160	7,805
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	48,025	34,210	13,815
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	1,053,350	511,150	542,200
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	305,950	130,900	175,050
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	747,400	380,250	367,150
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	71.0	74.4	67.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	95,695	47,050	48,645
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	56,295	25,095	31,200
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	90,800	40,705	50,100
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	72,555	33,480	39,075
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	66,305	31,325	34,970
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	62,745	29,770	32,980
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	57,530	27,975	29,560
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	50,960	26,770	24,185
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	39,930	22,035	17,895
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	154,580	96,045	58,535
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	37,600	20,440	17,160
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	33,480	18,195	15,290
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	83,505	57,410	26,090
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	80,885	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	69,852	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	144,030	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	42,778	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	37,650	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	376,890	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	99,759	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	85,740	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	99,601	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	81,885	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	144,040	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	52,607	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	43,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	376,880	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	117,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	96,660	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	7,595	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	6,505	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	13,225	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	17,605	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	16,960	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	16,725	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	17,850	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	18,080	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	18,360	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	18,250	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	36,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	36,155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	33,845	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	32,145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	30,020	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	201,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	60,475	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	43,700	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	53,075	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	43,915	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	8,070	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	6,630	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	13,400	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	18,330	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	18,945	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	18,835	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	20,975	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	22,020	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	22,810	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	22,880	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	45,715	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	42,470	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	40,245	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	36,430	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	31,155	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	152,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	58,770	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	38,640	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	54,590	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	359,560	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	100,940	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	86,501	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	140,825	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	92,609	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	79,593	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	155,880	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	129,009	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	109,008	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	52,910	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	58,671	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	53,515	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	359,580	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	118,930	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	97,545	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	141,085	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	109,576	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	89,413	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	155,820	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	145,761	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	118,658	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	52,825	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	68,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	59,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	195,395	93,215	102,180
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	36,383	36,361	36,401
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	32,743	32,538	32,899
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	194,915	92,740	102,170
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	46,786	47,348	46,277
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	38,889	38,989	38,799
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	1,266,560	619,850	646,705
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	524,395	250,810	273,590
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	116,480	56,925	59,550
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	104,400	48,075	56,325
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	96,340	45,830	50,510
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	99,045	47,615	51,430
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	108,140	52,365	55,770
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	742,165	369,050	373,120
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	118,990	57,965	61,020
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	131,360	64,740	66,620
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	148,910	73,950	74,960
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	173,090	86,390	86,700
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	169,825	86,005	83,820
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	1,264,705	618,980	645,730
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	256,795	131,060	125,735
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	81,715	41,640	40,070
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	810,410	396,025	414,385
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	197,500	91,890	105,610
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	161,620	76,090	85,530
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	41,455	21,460	20,000
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	14,180	7,405	6,770
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	98,710	46,255	52,455
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	21,455	8,375	13,080
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	12.8	12.3	13.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	16.1	16.4	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	17.4	17.8	16.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	12.2	11.7	12.7
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	10.9	9.1	12.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	115,380	56,275	59,100
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	26,320	13,535	12,785
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	9,095	4,750	4,345
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	79,970	39,285	40,685
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	9,085	3,460	5,630
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	9.1	9.1	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	10.2	10.3	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	11.1	11.4	10.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	9.9	9.9	9.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	4.6	3.8	5.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,266,560	619,855	646,705
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	1,252,375	614,255	638,120
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	1,228,680	604,215	624,465
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	492,940	227,625	265,315
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	297,810	139,800	158,010
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	2,085	850	1,235
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	595	250	345
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	225	90	135
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	10
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	10
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	20	10	10
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	25	10	15
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	55	20	35
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	20	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	95	35	60
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	60	35	25
Malecite	755	370	390	10	10	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	50	30	20
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	315	120	195
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	70	35	35
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	225	85	145
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	15	10	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	20	0	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	20	10	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	645	245	400
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	10
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	590	230	360
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	50	15	30
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	815	350	465
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	805	345	465
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	10	0	10
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	10
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	10	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	295,810	138,990	156,815
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	62,450	31,325	31,125
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	540	285	255
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	420	225	195
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	120	60	60
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	9,305	4,160	5,145
Bilen	1,085	625	470	90	55	35
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	380	175	210
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	8,775	3,895	4,880
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	135	50	85
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	53,605	27,360	26,250
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	2,000	940	1,055
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	48,935	25,115	23,825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	80	30	45
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	35	20	15
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,930	1,030	900
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	80	30	50
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	1,180	495	685
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	240	155	85
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	135	60	75
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	8,860	4,190	4,665
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,555	700	855
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	7,350	3,510	3,840
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	10
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	10,560	3,875	6,685
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	40	15	25
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	595	215	385
Fijian	1,660	955	705	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	170	55	120
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	725	305	420
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	105	55	50
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	625	275	350
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	65	25	40
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	55	20	35
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	9,465	3,395	6,070
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	40	10	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	120	60	60
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	9,625	4,055	5,570
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	470	175	295
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	8,550	3,605	4,945
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	645	285	360
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	5,650	2,875	2,770
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	480	240	245
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	890	415	485
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	3,830	1,975	1,850
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	825	430	390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	30	20	10
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	146,710	69,135	77,575
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	790	385	405
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	690	365	325
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	27,200	12,535	14,660
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	630	275	350
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	315	135	185
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	310	145	165
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	26,665	12,290	14,375
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	125	60	65
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,025	470	555
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	1,055	490	570
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	1,940	970	970
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,485	645	845
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	105	35	70
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	7,955	3,685	4,270
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	9,685	4,455	5,230
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	2,130	1,045	1,090
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	580	295	280
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	970	415	555
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	285	130	160
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	2,520	1,070	1,445
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	165	85	80
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	475	210	265
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	185	80	100
Welsh	1,690	830	860	115	35	75
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	185	95	95
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	22,885	10,900	11,985
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	450	225	220
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	545	235	310
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	4,540	2,105	2,435
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	120	55	65
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	16,450	7,895	8,555
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	55	25	30
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	380	155	225
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	665	325	345
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	110	60	50
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	395	210	190
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	35	20	15
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	3,550	1,825	1,720
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	37,410	18,960	18,455
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	27,635	14,050	13,590
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	4,535	2,330	2,205
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	2,525	1,350	1,180
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	10,695	5,530	5,165
Kashmiri	905	490	420	10	10	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	145	80	65
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	580	310	265
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	1,270	640	630
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	75	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	6,615	3,430	3,190
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	550	250	300
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	1,090	500	590
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	8,135	4,070	4,065
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	10,315	5,205	5,110
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	755	395	355
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	1,470	795	675
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	8,870	4,435	4,440
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	205	125	85
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	59,565	26,775	32,795
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	80	30	50
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	16,640	7,955	8,680
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	6,560	3,240	3,325
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	3,055	1,435	1,615
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	36,680	15,755	20,925
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	145	80	70
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	2,670	1,260	1,410
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	45	15	25
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	45	20	25
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	2,715	1,155	1,565
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	45	25	20
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	10,880	4,840	6,040
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	630	325	305
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	155	75	85
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	95	40	55
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	210	80	125
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	165	65	95
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	170	90	80
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	220	75	145
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	320	180	145
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	1,775	740	1,035
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	1,595	660	945
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	975	360	615
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	175	60	115
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	3,150	1,395	1,760
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	215	120	100
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	775	410	365
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	2,370	1,090	1,285
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	320	140	185
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	190	85	105
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	135	55	80
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	2,135	805	1,330
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	1,055	345	715
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	195	50	135
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	940	425	515
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	37,305	17,660	19,645
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	36,420	17,235	19,180
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	13,020	6,195	6,820
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	280	130	145
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	25,015	11,555	13,465
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	40	20	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	1,065	480	580
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	450	215	235
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	1,115	605	510
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	25	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	925	440	480
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	305	145	160
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	370	185	185
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	50	30	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	365	155	205
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	1,090	440	655
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	475	215	265
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	690	260	430
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	2,550	1,260	1,285
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	140	80	60
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	2,190	1,095	1,095
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	40	25	15
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	80	15	60
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	150	65	80
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	3,010	1,475	1,530
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	270	135	135
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	560	265	300
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	2,185	1,085	1,100
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	395	245	150
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,266,560	619,855	646,705
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	1,199,540	588,110	611,435
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	247,110	126,190	120,910
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	952,440	461,920	490,520
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	67,015	31,745	35,270
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,266,560	619,855	646,705
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	1,014,115	500,885	513,230
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	236,635	110,805	125,830
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	64,440	30,910	33,530
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	32,240	15,435	16,805
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	52,330	23,770	28,560
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	56,390	25,885	30,505
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	26,720	12,230	14,490
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	29,670	13,655	16,010
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	31,240	14,810	16,430
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	15,805	8,160	7,650
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	236,635	110,805	125,830
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	26,975	13,365	13,610
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	42,925	21,780	21,145
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	50,030	22,415	27,620
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	97,215	44,605	52,615
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	19,490	8,645	10,845
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	236,635	110,810	125,835
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	36,200	15,695	20,505
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	1,030	460	570
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	1,315	505	810
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	1,785	835	955
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	1,500	705	790
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	6,505	2,700	3,805
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	3,175	1,380	1,800
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	1,420	575	840
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	840	380	460
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,370	545	825
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	10,350	4,490	5,865
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	6,905	3,125	3,780
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	67,355	32,310	35,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	1,625	790	830
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	860	425	440
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	2,645	1,185	1,460
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	5,505	2,425	3,080
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	1,150	620	525
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	995	510	485
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	955	435	520
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	5,820	3,055	2,770
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	3,295	1,630	1,670
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	4,625	2,105	2,525
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	2,140	1,090	1,050
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	2,580	1,225	1,355
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	3,020	1,310	1,710
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	910	440	475
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	1,885	880	1,005
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	20,535	10,185	10,355
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	8,810	4,010	4,795
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	31,190	14,375	16,810
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	1,075	515	565
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	3,515	1,845	1,675
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	2,230	1,020	1,215
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	1,100	570	525
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	1,275	585	690
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	1,300	590	710
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	3,895	1,495	2,400
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	940	500	440
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	15,855	7,260	8,600
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	100,920	47,905	53,015
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	2,435	1,235	1,195
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	2,800	1,455	1,350
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	17,985	7,805	10,180
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	3,110	1,565	1,540
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	11,065	5,570	5,500
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	4,485	2,235	2,250
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	3,585	1,915	1,670
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	765	195	575
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	1,800	800	1,000
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	11,230	5,875	5,355
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	4,370	2,165	2,205
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	9,255	3,425	5,825
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	2,635	1,255	1,380
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	3,160	1,615	1,545
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	870	370	505
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	5,700	2,600	3,100
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	15,660	7,820	7,840
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	970	520	455
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	31,240	14,805	16,430
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	4,370	1,970	2,405
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	145	80	60
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	205	85	120
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	135	75	60
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	1,325	560	765
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	115	65	50
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	280	110	170
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	1,325	650	675
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	125	30	90
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	715	300	420
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	2,845	1,390	1,455
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	325	175	150
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	185	90	100
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	75	45	25
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	40	15	25
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	125	65	60
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	360	145	220
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	215	105	115
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	765	400	365
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	755	350	405
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	6,240	2,810	3,425
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	135	50	85
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	335	170	165
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	725	270	455
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	170	55	115
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	795	430	365
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	250	115	135
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	335	120	210
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	170	75	95
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	385	165	215
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	355	155	210
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	100	45	55
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	105	40	60
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	2,375	1,125	1,250
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	17,620	8,550	9,070
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	530	270	265
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	550	275	270
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	2,640	1,130	1,510
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	85	45	35
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	2,025	1,110	910
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	800	380	420
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	1,075	560	515
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	190	105	80
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	110	25	85
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	230	80	150
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	915	485	435
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	290	160	125
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	655	360	295
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	2,735	1,115	1,625
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	365	205	155
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	235	100	135
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,840	995	850
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	45	20	25
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	185	90	90
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	340	210	130
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	205	85	125
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	1,570	740	825
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	170	90	80
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	150	95	60
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	20	0	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,266,560	619,850	646,705
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	263,470	124,750	138,720
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	225,250	112,845	112,410
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	777,840	382,265	395,575
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	175,535	81,540	94,000
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	80,945	40,385	40,555
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	33,550	20,725	12,825
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	47,390	19,660	27,730
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	51,655	20,340	31,310
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	40,860	19,955	20,910
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	2,080	855	1,225
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,266,560	619,855	646,710
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	41,155	19,635	21,520
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	39,160	18,745	20,410
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	21,720	10,450	11,275
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	15,985	7,645	8,345
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	1,450	655	795
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	830	365	470
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	1,165	520	645
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	1,225,405	600,220	625,185
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,266,560	619,855	646,710
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	12,520	5,955	6,565
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	1,254,040	613,895	640,140
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	1,266,560	619,855	646,705
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	8,445	3,880	4,560
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	8,315	3,830	4,480
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	6,135	2,900	3,230
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	1,555	635	920
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	630	295	335
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	130	55	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	105	45	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	10	10	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	62,065	29,195	32,870
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	60,425	28,495	31,930
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	41,980	19,715	22,265
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	17,320	8,275	9,045
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	1,120	500	625
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	1,640	705	940
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	1,515	655	865
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	60	25	40
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	1,196,050	586,780	609,275
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,266,560	619,855	646,705
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	251,585	121,280	130,310
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	41,650	21,235	20,420
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	42,240	20,080	22,160
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	62,805	29,440	33,365
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	12,670	5,010	7,660
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	11,850	5,360	6,495
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	41,615	21,715	19,900
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	12,695	6,005	6,690
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	9,245	4,695	4,540
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	3,160	1,450	1,710
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	2,630	1,115	1,520
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	2,830	1,285	1,545
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	8,195	3,895	4,290
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	1,014,975	498,575	516,395
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,266,560	619,855	646,710
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	70,505	33,075	37,435
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	49,820	23,345	26,475
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	1,900	850	1,045
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	20,570	9,640	10,925
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	442,655	217,440	225,215
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	4,755	2,305	2,450
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	15,125	7,250	7,875
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	428,925	210,645	218,280
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	50	30	25
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	900	555	345
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	155	100	55
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	535	255	280
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	1,200	615	595
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	50	40	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	831,055	406,810	424,245
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	552,360	270,315	282,045
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	135	45	90
Cornish	1,975	995	975	110	65	40
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	269,410	132,625	136,785
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	281,445	133,625	147,825
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	235	145	90
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	244,395	119,635	124,765
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	22,430	10,835	11,585
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	41,710	19,575	22,130
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	280,855	134,675	146,180
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	95	45	50
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	160	95	65
Corsican	1,750	950	805	60	40	20
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	280,715	134,585	146,130
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	171,415	83,780	87,630
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	6,815	3,310	3,510
Bavarian	940	485	455	70	20	50
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	5,620	2,755	2,865
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	44,165	22,015	22,150
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	545	295	255
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	220	130	90
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	120,590	58,465	62,120
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	180	105	80
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	6,605	3,230	3,375
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	150	65	85
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	29,140	14,645	14,495
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	6,605	3,435	3,170
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	4,945	2,525	2,415
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	1,770	830	945
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	7,820	3,890	3,935
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	8,350	3,980	4,365
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	1,805	1,030	775
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	109,370	52,855	56,515
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	1,540	725	810
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	875	430	445
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	4,150	1,925	2,220
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	955	435	520
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	1,110	495	620
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	10,185	4,965	5,220
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	1,270	530	740
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	2,760	1,355	1,405
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	395	165	230
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	47,015	22,695	24,325
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	6,845	3,310	3,535
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	17,135	7,935	9,200
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	2,880	1,360	1,520
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	30,000	14,615	15,380
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	1,120	595	530
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	93,770	45,940	47,835
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,100	535	560
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,270	600	670
Catalan	1,280	740	535	10	0	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	3,875	1,865	2,010
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	180	70	105
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	8,235	4,195	4,035
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	53,620	26,735	26,880
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	55	25	30
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	610	240	370
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	840	430	405
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	180	90	90
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	10,515	5,120	5,385
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	2,805	1,400	1,405
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	295	150	150
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,360	665	695
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	13,795	6,155	7,635
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	1,015	475	540
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	70	25	45
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	9,315	4,805	4,510
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	300	175	130
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	6,270	3,265	3,000
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	110	50	65
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	270	145	120
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	2,420	1,205	1,220
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	27,570	12,495	15,075
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	290	160	130
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	170	115	60
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	1,380	590	790
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	140	70	70
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	105	30	75
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	1,170	540	630
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	770	345	430
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	320	160	155
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	10	10	10
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10,255	4,580	5,675
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	8,455	3,905	4,545
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	55	20	35
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	30	15	15
Montserratan	930	460	470	45	25	20
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	125	55	80
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	795	310	490
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	2,295	1,075	1,220
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	245	85	160
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,815	765	1,050
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	1,085	515	565
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	19,200	8,910	10,290
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	860	410	450
Arawak	1,440	610	830	65	25	35
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	695	385	310
Belizean	1,755	915	845	100	50	50
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	155	85	70
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,230	605	625
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	1,170	600	565
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	2,035	930	1,105
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	200	90	110
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	315	165	150
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	460	170	290
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	2,165	1,070	1,100
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	380	200	180
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	295	95	200
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	325	160	165
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	3,155	1,345	1,815
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	1,130	555	575
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	130	65	65
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	30	20	15
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	1,315	625	685
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	2,315	1,125	1,190
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	95	45	55
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	980	375	595
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,230	510	725
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	57,965	27,940	30,025
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	12,205	5,990	6,215
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	110	65	45
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	200	90	110
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	15	10	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	115	70	40
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	280	120	160
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	1,350	700	650
Chadian	1,845	955	885	150	75	75
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	3,990	1,775	2,210
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	45	25	30
Ewe	845	470	375	15	10	10
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	115	65	50
Gambian	975	495	475	40	25	20
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	1,380	755	620
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	270	115	150
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	115	50	65
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	525	225	305
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	100	55	40
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	165	80	90
Malinké	1,125	585	535	75	40	35
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	2,070	1,065	1,010
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	65	40	30
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	365	180	185
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	100	40	55
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	315	160	160
Wolof	840	495	345	35	20	10
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	350	210	140
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	900	460	440
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	13,370	6,880	6,490
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	1,375	685	690
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	900	485	415
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	120	60	65
Dinka	900	500	400	45	20	30
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	6,080	3,210	2,875
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	1,235	635	600
Maure	1,190	655	535	40	25	10
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	2,260	1,090	1,170
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	845	425	425
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	685	355	330
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	455	235	220
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	23,480	10,995	12,485
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	65	30	35
Amhara	1,530	815	715	85	45	35
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	370	170	200
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	1,925	860	1,060
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	730	305	430
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	1,360	625	740
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	2,880	1,305	1,575
Harari	665	355	305	10	0	10
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	655	335	325
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	220	105	110
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	355	150	205
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	285	145	140
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	1,320	535	785
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	35	10	25
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	10,385	4,915	5,470
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	1,325	665	660
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	315	135	180
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	175	90	95
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	435	205	225
Zambian	1,860	935	920	155	75	80
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	335	160	175
Zulu	945	475	475	50	30	15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	1,330	665	670
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	10,235	4,775	5,465
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	1,295	540	755
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	9,140	4,325	4,815
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	187,915	92,130	95,785
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	66,375	34,175	32,205
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	4,025	2,045	1,980
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	7,500	3,850	3,655
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	1,565	805	760
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	130	60	75
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	225	85	135
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	180	100	85
Hazara	1,515	810	705	50	25	25
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	7,040	3,520	3,520
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	4,785	2,525	2,255
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	735	390	345
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	1,480	800	685
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	160	75	80
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	840	450	390
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	965	485	480
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	35	25	10
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	26,870	13,760	13,100
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	4,035	2,255	1,780
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	265	140	125
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	575	275	300
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	4,650	2,420	2,230
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	95	55	45
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	150	60	95
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	3,025	1,600	1,420
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	125	55	70
Uighur	1,555	775	785	55	35	20
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	175	80	95
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	1,000	510	490
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	2,130	1,090	1,040
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	43,760	22,215	21,545
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	2,410	1,250	1,155
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	1,105	560	550
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	315	165	145
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	29,445	14,990	14,450
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	135	75	55
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	200	115	85
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	55	15	35
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	890	430	455
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	5,040	2,505	2,535
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	1,210	630	580
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	295	150	140
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	3,025	1,510	1,510
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	1,020	505	515
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	2,330	1,170	1,155
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	79,625	36,625	43,000
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	615	310	305
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	2,380	1,100	1,275
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	47,955	22,580	25,370
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	13,960	5,625	8,335
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	605	255	350
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	3,400	1,435	1,970
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	285	150	135
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	3,375	1,580	1,800
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	710	330	375
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	490	185	310
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	325	185	145
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	50	20	30
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	745	340	405
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	720	235	485
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	90	40	50
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	9,015	4,430	4,585
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	250	140	110
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	395	180	215
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	395	180	210
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	2,275	1,090	1,185
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	1,540	705	840
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	530	290	240
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	240	105	140
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	65	20	45
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	15	10	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	20	15	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	85	25	60
Samoan	1,100	625	475	40	25	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	40	25	20
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	357,040	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	163,865	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	61,975	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	458,945	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	2,710	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	64,805	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	113,100	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	205,810	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	134,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	125,585	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	70,945	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	79,725	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	78,755	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	165,910	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	514,410	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	6,505	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	520,920	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	500,150	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	20,770	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	110,460	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	151,300	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	83,990	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	62,370	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	37,240	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	39,395	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	36,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	489,465	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	31,450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	294,795	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	214,700	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	11,425	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	520,920	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	18,595	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	74,065	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	86,895	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	110,710	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	104,235	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	74,255	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	38,795	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	13,360	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	516,020	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	396,135	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	119,885	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	103,600	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	352,890	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	60.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	14.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,297	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,404	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	349,641	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	394,310	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	163,575	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	15.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	42.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,051	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,089	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	1,053,350	511,145	542,205
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	150,440	76,700	73,740
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	272,685	134,740	137,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	630,230	299,705	330,525
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	57,075	38,150	18,920
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	29,980	17,485	12,490
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	27,095	20,665	6,430
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	226,000	98,375	127,625
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	20,330	8,360	11,970
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	326,830	154,820	172,010
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	204,800	92,575	112,225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	18,890	7,990	10,900
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	7,570	3,810	3,755
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	78,940	39,355	39,585
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	16,625	11,090	5,540
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	692,600	336,025	356,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	54,045	30,150	23,895
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	154,010	79,190	74,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	484,545	226,685	257,865
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	39,325	26,050	13,275
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	20,655	11,805	8,845
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	18,675	14,245	4,430
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	175,155	77,325	97,835
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	13,280	5,690	7,585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	256,785	117,620	139,160
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	159,975	71,180	88,800
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	14,230	5,530	8,695
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	5,955	2,665	3,285
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	64,680	30,955	33,725
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	11,945	7,285	4,665
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,053,350	511,145	542,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	423,125	211,440	211,685
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	36,980	8,335	28,645
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	36,975	8,335	28,645
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	21,205	9,260	11,945
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	4,560	3,245	1,315
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	16,640	6,015	10,630
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	38,995	14,825	24,170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	5,700	1,135	4,570
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	10,230	3,135	7,095
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	7,555	2,700	4,855
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	370	115	255
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	2,720	1,510	1,215
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	2,430	1,430	995
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	7,560	4,300	3,260
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	2,435	505	1,925
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	102,650	37,970	64,680
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	1,585	425	1,165
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	10,400	3,720	6,675
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	12,745	1,045	11,695
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	16,210	5,940	10,265
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	2,290	560	1,730
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	15,470	3,820	11,650
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	43,945	22,455	21,495
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	120,305	48,735	71,570
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	225	95	130
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	12,915	3,355	9,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	107,165	45,285	61,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	30,170	15,545	14,625
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	14,610	5,960	8,655
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	4,365	2,195	2,170
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	330	90	235
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	9,805	6,835	2,965
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	1,060	465	595
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	38,805	25,000	13,805
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	29,325	20,490	8,835
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	2,960	605	2,355
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	5,385	3,150	2,230
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	1,140	750	390
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	111,015	98,275	12,740
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	5,050	3,280	1,770
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	39,095	31,990	7,110
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	24,100	21,600	2,505
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	40	10	30
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	16,410	16,015	390
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	19,380	18,775	610
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	6,935	6,610	325
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	11,675	7,085	4,585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	7,100	4,430	2,670
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	4,575	2,655	1,920
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	84,795	16,945	67,850
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	7,655	3,595	4,060
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	74,805	12,095	62,710
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	2,335	1,255	1,080
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	33,555	17,700	15,855
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	17,265	4,805	12,460
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	960	805	155
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	755	695	60
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	10,090	7,260	2,835
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	4,485	4,140	345
Other	3,170	885	2,280	85	30	55
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	85	30	55
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	692,600	336,025	356,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	208,055	109,340	98,710
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	25,145	5,375	19,765
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	25,145	5,375	19,770
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	16,290	6,990	9,300
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	3,450	2,370	1,075
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	12,845	4,620	8,225
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	27,605	10,370	17,235
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	4,430	835	3,590
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	7,260	2,185	5,075
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	5,140	1,845	3,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	290	80	205
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	1,870	1,065	800
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	1,595	975	620
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	5,540	3,145	2,395
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	1,485	235	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	81,705	28,890	52,805
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	1,290	310	980
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	8,265	2,910	5,355
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	10,045	800	9,245
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	13,670	4,495	9,175
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	1,895	465	1,425
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	11,805	2,775	9,030
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	34,730	17,135	17,595
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	94,960	37,490	57,470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	180	80	105
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	10,270	2,550	7,725
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	84,510	34,865	49,645
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	21,840	10,430	11,410
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	11,085	4,295	6,800
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	3,075	1,485	1,595
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	250	65	180
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	6,700	4,315	2,385
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	730	275	455
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	33,745	21,895	11,850
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	26,660	18,605	8,050
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	2,120	425	1,695
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	3,945	2,205	1,735
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	1,025	655	375
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	84,255	73,505	10,755
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	4,010	2,520	1,490
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	30,815	24,595	6,220
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	18,310	16,345	1,960
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	30	10	25
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	12,060	11,750	305
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	14,165	13,655	505
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	4,865	4,625	245
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	8,975	5,210	3,765
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	5,215	3,070	2,140
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	3,760	2,135	1,625
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	64,110	13,070	51,045
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	5,960	2,750	3,210
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	56,355	9,465	46,890
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	1,795	850	940
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	25,835	13,435	12,405
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	13,205	3,650	9,555
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	795	650	145
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	455	405	50
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	7,960	5,600	2,365
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	3,420	3,130	295
Other	2,590	745	1,845	75	25	45
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	75	30	50
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	1,053,350	511,145	542,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	423,120	211,440	211,685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	630,225	299,705	330,525
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	544,145	258,195	285,950
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	449,160	212,870	236,290
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	94,985	45,325	49,660
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	86,085	41,510	44,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	14,195	7,755	6,440
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	4,615	1,370	3,240
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	5,820	2,800	3,015
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	11,410	6,395	5,015
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	6,395	2,925	3,470
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	2,235	1,115	1,120
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	41,415	19,140	22,275
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	692,600	336,025	356,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	208,055	109,340	98,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	484,545	226,685	257,860
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	421,410	197,690	223,720
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	349,880	163,900	185,980
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	71,530	33,790	37,740
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	63,135	28,990	34,140
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	10,090	5,200	4,890
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	3,990	1,175	2,820
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	4,175	1,955	2,215
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	6,330	3,425	2,900
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	4,715	2,085	2,635
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	1,750	860	890
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	32,085	14,295	17,790
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,053,355	511,145	542,210
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	696,490	356,990	339,500
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	647,280	330,485	316,790
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	49,215	26,500	22,705
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	356,860	154,155	202,705
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	66.1	69.8	62.6
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	61.4	64.7	58.4
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.1	7.4	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	1,053,350	511,145	542,210
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	336,945	144,950	191,995
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	716,405	366,195	350,210
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	390,480	214,625	175,855
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	325,925	151,565	174,355
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.3	43.8	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	696,490	356,990	339,505
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	15,625	7,760	7,865
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	680,865	349,230	331,640
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	608,520	305,525	302,990
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	72,350	43,705	28,645
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	696,490	356,990	339,500
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	15,625	7,755	7,865
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	680,865	349,230	331,635
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	80,245	48,760	31,480
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	117,215	37,620	79,600
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	72,030	54,525	17,510
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	45,520	9,650	35,870
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	105,790	38,880	66,915
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	22,955	9,910	13,045
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	146,795	68,875	77,925
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	69,280	65,085	4,190
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	8,815	7,025	1,790
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	12,215	8,900	3,310
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	696,495	356,990	339,500
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	15,625	7,760	7,870
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	680,870	349,235	331,635
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	8,760	6,030	2,730
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	990	865	125
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	2,915	2,335	585
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	40,785	35,805	4,980
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	29,405	20,890	8,510
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	16,970	12,330	4,645
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	74,405	37,260	37,145
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	22,730	16,775	5,955
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	16,440	10,045	6,395
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	20,615	8,955	11,655
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	11,505	6,235	5,270
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	61,425	36,820	24,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	510	185	325
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	29,835	17,810	12,020
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	52,955	17,025	35,930
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	76,965	14,790	62,175
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	12,890	6,190	6,700
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	44,465	20,765	23,700
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	28,760	12,225	16,535
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	127,540	65,905	61,635
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	647,280	330,485	316,795
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	48,125	24,130	23,995
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	2,595	1,725	865
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	59,285	43,295	15,990
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	537,270	261,330	275,940
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	537,275	261,330	275,945
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	420,120	202,555	217,560
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	39,680	18,510	21,170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	51,525	26,785	24,740
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	25,950	13,480	12,470
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	596,560	304,630	291,930
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	409,530	221,295	188,230
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	35,365	12,130	23,230
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	94,075	41,930	52,145
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	39,430	18,300	21,135
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	12,330	8,030	4,300
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	5,830	2,945	2,885
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	596,560	304,630	291,930
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	139,185	66,410	72,770
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	208,370	107,400	100,965
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	138,985	73,535	65,450
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	61,935	31,725	30,210
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	48,085	25,550	22,535
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	596,555	304,630	291,930
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	35,500	24,120	11,380
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	115,130	65,735	49,395
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	171,980	83,235	88,745
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	132,615	60,930	71,680
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	62,400	28,600	33,800
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	78,935	42,005	36,925
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	736,315	375,930	360,385
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	701,245	359,940	341,305
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	697,520	358,050	339,470
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	647,110	336,840	310,275
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	50,405	21,210	29,195
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	3,730	1,895	1,840
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	45	10	35
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	25	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	10	0	10
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	10	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	3,685	1,885	1,800
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	610	360	250
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	20	0	20
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	20	0	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	590	360	230
Amharic	200	95	100	0	10	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	565	345	220
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	20	15	10
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	135	45	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	135	50	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	45	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	35	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	20	10	15
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	20	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	10	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	10	10	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	1,090	505	585
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	285	105	180
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	285	105	180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	10	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	10	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	45	15	30
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	160	50	115
Serbian	530	320	210	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	10
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	270	130	135
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	10	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	20	10	10
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	225	115	115
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	10	10	0
Swedish	125	55	70	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	20	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	120	60	60
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	60	30	25
Bengali	530	275	245	10	10	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	15	15	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	10	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	20	10	10
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	60	25	35
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	55	20	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	390	195	195
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	45	30	15
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	85	60	30
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	265	105	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	60	25	30
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	10
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	85	45	40
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	25	15	15
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	10	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	10	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	10	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	45	20	30
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	30	15	20
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	1,465	775	685
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	1,460	775	685
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	570	320	250
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	825	400	430
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	55	50	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	10	0	10
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	10
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	40	25	15
Lao	150	70	80	15	10	10
Thai	525	205	325	30	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	15	0	10
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	10	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	10	10	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	35,070	15,985	19,085
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	30,720	13,895	16,825
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	3,505	1,695	1,815
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	80	25	50
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	765	370	395
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	736,320	375,930	360,385
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	557,645	292,445	265,200
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	35,840	15,985	19,855
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	131,395	61,815	69,575
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	9,785	4,935	4,850
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	220	75	150
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	9,565	4,860	4,700
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	120	45	80
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	190	90	95
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	1,340	615	730
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	1,253,530	613,245	640,280
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	1,092,905	534,530	558,370
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	160,625	78,715	81,910
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	104,530	51,260	53,270
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	56,095	27,455	28,640
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	43,040	20,905	22,140
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	29,105	14,020	15,090
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	13,935	6,890	7,050
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	13,055	6,550	6,510
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	1,199,045	585,650	613,395
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	744,695	363,990	380,710
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	454,345	221,660	232,685
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	278,705	135,980	142,725
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	175,640	85,680	89,955
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	132,420	64,020	68,400
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	88,780	42,795	45,990
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	43,640	21,225	22,415
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	43,220	21,665	21,555