Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Whitby Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Whitby [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	128,377	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	122,022	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	44,195	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	43,529	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	875.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	146.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	128,375	62,530	65,845
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	25,535	13,120	12,415
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	7,215	3,705	3,510
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	9,005	4,630	4,375
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	9,315	4,790	4,530
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	86,315	42,100	44,215
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	9,120	4,640	4,480
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	8,305	4,315	3,995
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	6,400	3,225	3,180
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	7,215	3,465	3,750
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	8,590	3,905	4,690
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	9,960	4,760	5,205
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	10,260	4,905	5,355
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	10,870	5,360	5,515
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	8,870	4,300	4,565
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	6,720	3,230	3,490
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	16,530	7,315	9,215
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	5,710	2,620	3,090
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	3,890	1,870	2,015
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,720	1,200	1,520
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	2,060	890	1,170
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	2,155	735	1,415
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,410	530	880
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	585	175	405
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	150	25	125
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	15	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	19.9	21.0	18.9
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	67.2	67.3	67.2
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	12.9	11.7	14.0
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.7	1.2	2.1
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	38.4	37.4	39.4
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	39.5	38.4	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	30,390	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	3,195	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	9,935	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,260	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	5,530	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	2,280	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	25	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	7,645	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	12,190	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	8,185	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	9,945	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	5,555	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	126,780	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	102,840	49,415	53,430
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	62,250	31,130	31,125
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	55,220	27,610	27,610
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	7,035	3,520	3,515
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	40,590	18,285	22,305
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	27,785	14,475	13,310
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,940	1,160	1,780
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	5,210	1,730	3,480
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,650	925	3,730
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	36,435	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	13,940	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	8,555	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	10,040	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	3,900	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	36,430	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	30,540	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	27,025	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	3,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	5,890	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	4,680	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	30,540	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	10,700	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	19,845	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	6,635	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	9,455	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	3,750	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	5,895	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,240	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,920	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	12,575	5,290	7,280
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	43,525	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	33,710	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	9,690	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	24,020	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,330	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	8,490	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	7,645	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	845	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	127,525	62,120	65,405
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	115,745	57,210	58,530
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	85	40	50
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	10,615	4,445	6,170
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	1,075	425	660
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	127,525	62,120	65,405
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	123,890	60,530	63,360
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	2,070	960	1,110
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	525	230	290
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	1,040	405	640
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	2,335	1,075	1,260
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.8	1.7	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	127,525	62,120	65,405
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	124,960	60,915	64,045
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	105,185	51,495	53,695
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	103,135	50,545	52,590
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	2,050	955	1,100
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	19,770	9,420	10,355
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	5	0	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	5	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	5	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	5	5
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	19,760	9,415	10,350
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	950	490	460
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	20	10	15
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	10	5	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	930	480	450
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	30	20	15
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	755	395	360
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	5	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	10	5	5
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	10	5	5
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	85	40	40
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	20	5	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	205	85	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	5	0	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	200	85	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	1,095	435	660
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	30	10	15
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	10	5	5
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	25	10	15
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	30	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	10	5	5
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	980	390	595
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	5	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	80	30	50
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	40	15	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	45	15	30
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	1,090	530	560
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	20	10	15
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	130	70	55
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	870	415	460
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	65	30	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	13,085	6,335	6,755
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	45	25	20
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	90	40	50
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	2,415	1,095	1,320
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	45	20	25
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	20	5	15
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	20	10	15
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	2,370	1,080	1,290
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	10	5	5
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	35	15	25
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	160	75	80
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	70	35	40
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	415	205	215
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	785	345	445
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	270	110	165
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	185	95	90
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	15	5	5
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	85	35	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	80	35	45
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	245	105	140
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	5	10
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	5	0	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	5	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	1,420	635	785
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	45	15	30
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	30	15	15
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	550	235	310
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	15	10	10
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	720	325	395
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	0	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	10	5	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	30	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	10	5	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	610	310	300
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	4,310	2,155	2,155
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	3,140	1,550	1,590
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	275	140	135
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	385	195	190
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	315	145	165
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	10	5	5
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	40	20	20
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	10	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	435	220	215
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	65	25	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	95	45	50
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	1,510	740	770
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	1,145	590	550
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	15	10	5
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	95	45	45
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	1,035	535	500
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	4,175	2,060	2,115
Catalan	865	440	425	5	0	5
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	1,595	820	770
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	795	380	420
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	375	175	200
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	1,405	685	720
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	5	5	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	70	25	45
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	200	105	100
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	280	125	155
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	50	15	30
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	5	5	5
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	5
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	10	5	5
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	25	15	10
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	10	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	15	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	15	10	10
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	20	10	10
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	35	20	20
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	50	25	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	5	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	20	10	10
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	2,110	985	1,135
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	2,105	975	1,125
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	790	380	415
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	20	10	15
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	1,160	535	625
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	25	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	35	20	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	65	25	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	15	5	5
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	5	5	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	95	40	55
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	5	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	90	35	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	75	30	35
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	5	5	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	65	25	35
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	0	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	400	185	210
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	40	30	15
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	55	20	35
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	300	135	165
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	0	5	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	2,565	1,205	1,360
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	350	160	195
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	2,070	970	1,100
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	75	40	35
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	70	30	40
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	127,525	62,120	65,405
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	122,765	59,865	62,900
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	114,650	56,010	58,640
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	113,805	55,610	58,195
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	845	400	440
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	8,120	3,850	4,260
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	8,115	3,855	4,260
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	335	160	175
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	15	5	5
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	5	0	5
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	320	150	170
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	10	10	5
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	265	125	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	5	5	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	5
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	25	10	10
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	125	50	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	5	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	125	50	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	295	140	160
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	15	5	10
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	270	125	145
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	690	335	355
Kannada	1,630	825	800	10	5	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	55	35	20
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	580	280	305
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	50	20	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	4,845	2,310	2,540
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	15	10	5
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	35	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	785	365	425
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	5	5	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	5	5	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	775	360	420
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	5
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	20	10	10
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	40	25	20
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	10	5	5
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	105	45	65
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	280	125	155
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	130	60	65
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	85	40	45
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	10	5	5
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	15	5	10
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	50	25	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	0	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	135	60	80
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	15	5	5
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	45	20	30
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	70	30	40
Icelandic	270	120	150	5	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	155	75	80
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	2,300	1,105	1,195
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	1,630	780	845
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	140	70	75
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	195	95	105
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	115	45	65
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	30	15	15
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	215	100	110
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	30	15	15
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	880	435	445
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	665	320	345
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	5	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	50	25	25
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	610	290	320
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	1,410	685	725
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	355	155	195
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	210	95	110
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	195	95	100
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	655	340	315
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	105	55	50
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	60	25	35
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	10	5	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	15	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	10	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	5	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	5	5	5
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	10	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	40	25	20
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	30	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	1,365	650	720
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	1,365	650	715
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	435	205	230
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	5	5	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	860	405	455
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	40	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	5	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	70	30	35
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	70	30	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	25	10	15
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	90	40	50
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	0	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	85	40	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	4,760	2,255	2,505
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	295	140	155
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	4,315	2,050	2,265
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	130	60	70
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	127,525	62,120	65,405
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	114,190	55,845	58,350
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	4,130	2,025	2,105
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	1,805	755	1,055
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	7,155	3,385	3,770
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	7,140	3,380	3,760
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	55	20	35
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	60	35	30
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	120	55	65
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	101,285	48,765	52,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	96,110	46,240	49,870
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	42,242	52,067	34,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	96,145	46,245	49,900
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	37,443	45,012	31,390
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	88,665	43,595	45,075
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	41,266	51,980	32,860
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	65,365	27,720	37,645
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	2,862	1,156	3,981
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	76,500	38,820	37,680
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	42,924	52,188	36,117
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	101,285	48,765	52,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	95,980	46,020	49,960
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	54,958	66,185	44,616
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	96,035	46,025	50,010
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	44,364	52,089	37,255
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	88,510	43,390	45,120
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	54,727	66,497	43,408
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	65,235	27,540	37,695
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,607	5,825	7,178
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	76,495	38,685	37,815
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	54,389	64,002	44,555
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	101,280	48,765	52,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	38,625	21,435	17,185
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	68,336	76,613	61,040
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	77,818	86,699	66,738
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	91.8	94.7	87.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	78.9	81.3	75.6
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	8.2	5.3	12.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	101,285	48,765	52,520
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	5,175	2,525	2,650
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	96,110	46,235	49,870
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	94.9	94.8	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	14,100	5,875	8,225
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	13,500	5,305	8,190
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	9,935	3,840	6,090
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	8,575	3,620	4,950
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	8,555	3,665	4,890
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	7,475	3,565	3,910
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	6,580	3,365	3,210
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	5,490	2,945	2,545
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	4,690	2,605	2,080
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	4,485	2,425	2,060
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	12,735	9,015	3,720
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	8,855	6,025	2,830
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	3,880	2,990	890
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	101,285	48,765	52,520
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	5,135	2,520	2,615
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	96,145	46,245	49,900
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	94.9	94.8	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	14,560	5,955	8,605
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	14,060	5,555	8,505
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	11,620	4,655	6,965
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	10,750	4,540	6,220
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	10,285	4,775	5,520
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	8,805	4,515	4,295
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	7,075	3,875	3,205
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	6,325	3,540	2,785
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	12,655	8,840	3,815
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	4,260	2,615	1,645
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	2,705	1,900	805
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	5,690	4,325	1,365
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	101,280	48,765	52,515
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	24,785	9,945	14,840
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	76,500	38,820	37,680
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	75.5	79.6	71.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	10,490	5,130	5,360
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	5,625	2,360	3,265
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	8,340	3,630	4,705
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	6,130	2,640	3,485
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	5,890	2,475	3,405
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	5,870	2,535	3,340
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	5,625	2,685	2,940
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	5,120	2,605	2,515
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	4,420	2,360	2,060
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	18,990	12,385	6,600
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	4,060	2,255	1,805
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	4,070	2,180	1,885
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	10,865	7,955	2,910
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	103,809	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	87,847	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	7,645	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	44,566	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	39,025	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	35,880	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	118,109	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	99,467	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	43,530	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	121,180	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	97,877	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	7,635	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	55,480	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	45,474	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	35,895	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	135,153	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	109,022	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	43,530	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	300	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	285	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	610	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	820	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,010	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	915	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,040	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,150	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,430	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,485	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,475	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	2,475	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	2,575	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	22,695	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	5,785	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	4,880	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	6,320	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	5,710	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	43,525	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	330	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	295	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	620	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	870	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,210	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,350	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,425	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,425	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	3,105	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	3,300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	3,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,950	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	18,135	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	6,565	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	4,535	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	7,030	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	35,345	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	117,676	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	99,054	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	9,400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	98,666	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	83,610	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	19,950	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	140,915	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	116,915	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	5,280	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	70,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	62,662	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	35,385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	134,742	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	108,567	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	9,445	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	116,446	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	94,674	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	19,900	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	157,935	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	126,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	5,290	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	81,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	66,557	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	9,985	4,455	5,530
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	40,896	45,133	37,658
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	35,986	39,014	33,759
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	9,985	4,445	5,540
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	50,755	55,495	46,951
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	41,933	44,870	39,576
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	126,785	61,865	64,920
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	41,575	19,375	22,200
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	6,535	3,075	3,455
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	7,390	3,250	4,145
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	8,040	3,715	4,325
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	9,025	4,255	4,770
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	10,580	5,080	5,505
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	85,205	42,490	42,715
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	12,875	6,265	6,610
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	14,900	7,305	7,590
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	16,970	8,435	8,535
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	20,675	10,410	10,265
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	19,790	10,075	9,715
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	126,780	61,865	64,920
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	30,955	15,840	15,120
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	8,835	4,540	4,295
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	80,320	39,025	41,290
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	15,505	7,000	8,505
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	9,780	4,425	5,355
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	3,085	1,570	1,520
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	920	465	455
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	5,470	2,465	3,005
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	1,220	390	835
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	7.7	7.2	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	10.0	9.9	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	10.4	10.2	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	6.8	6.3	7.3
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	7.9	5.6	9.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	5,320	2,550	2,765
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,510	780	730
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	430	220	210
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	3,525	1,660	1,865
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	285	110	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	4.2	4.1	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	4.9	4.9	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	4.9	4.8	4.9
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	4.4	4.3	4.5
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.8	1.6	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	126,785	61,865	64,915
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	125,710	61,380	64,330
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	125,640	61,340	64,300
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	10,650	4,540	6,115
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	25,245	12,170	13,075
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	30	0	25
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	25	0	20
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	15	10	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	15	0	15
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	10	0	10
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	25,210	12,165	13,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,190	600	595
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	10	0	10
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	10	15	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	10	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,170	590	585
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	45	35	15
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	940	470	465
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	10	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	15	10	10
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	55	20	35
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	110	50	65
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	215	80	140
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	35	15	20
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	185	65	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	1,525	605	920
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	150	65	85
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	10	0	10
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	55	25	30
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	70	30	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	15	10	10
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	10	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	1,325	520	805
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	25	15	10
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	295	125	170
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	25	10	20
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	100	40	60
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	175	75	100
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	1,415	730	685
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	75	45	35
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	175	95	75
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	1,140	585	555
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	90	40	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	17,055	8,335	8,720
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	65	35	30
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	110	45	65
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	2,950	1,375	1,570
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	45	20	25
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	30	10	15
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	15	10	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	2,915	1,360	1,555
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	30	15	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	55	25	25
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	205	90	110
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	150	75	75
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	555	250	300
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	970	475	495
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	415	160	255
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	290	160	135
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	20	10	10
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	80	40	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	120	55	60
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	310	135	170
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	25	10	15
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	40	20	20
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	10	10	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	15	15	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,845	835	1,005
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	90	40	55
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	50	20	25
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	555	250	310
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	10	0	10
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,095	505	590
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	15	0	10
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	10	10	0
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	55	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	10
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	20	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	1,005	495	505
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	5,755	2,830	2,925
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	4,485	2,190	2,295
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	425	210	215
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	540	250	290
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	1,435	730	710
Kashmiri	905	490	420	20	15	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	10	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	80	40	45
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	895	460	440
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	85	40	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	205	80	125
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	2,200	1,115	1,085
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	1,330	670	660
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	15	15	10
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	90	60	30
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	1,285	635	650
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	70	40	30
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	5,710	2,870	2,840
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	2,275	1,160	1,105
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	930	465	465
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	395	180	210
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	2,290	1,140	1,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	10	10	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	140	45	95
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	10	0	10
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	265	140	125
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	585	295	290
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	75	45	35
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	15	10	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	25	0	15
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	80	60	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	35	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	60	25	25
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	50	15	35
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	115	70	50
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	130	65	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	135	65	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	185	75	110
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	120	50	65
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	70	25	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	2,300	1,105	1,200
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	2,290	1,095	1,195
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	885	420	465
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	15	0	10
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	1,500	725	770
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	50	30	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	60	40	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	85	35	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	10	10	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	10	0	10
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	90	80	10
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	20	15	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	70	65	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	125	55	70
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	20	0	15
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	110	45	60
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	470	225	245
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	30	25	10
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	55	25	30
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	380	175	205
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	126,785	61,865	64,915
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	121,385	59,210	62,180
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	30,260	15,550	14,710
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	91,130	43,660	47,470
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	5,395	2,655	2,740
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	126,785	61,865	64,915
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	96,505	47,290	49,215
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	29,550	14,150	15,400
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	11,170	5,240	5,935
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	4,290	2,150	2,140
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	5,610	2,715	2,900
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	6,335	2,985	3,350
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	3,510	1,650	1,865
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	2,825	1,335	1,495
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	2,140	1,065	1,080
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	730	425	305
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	29,550	14,150	15,400
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	3,555	1,745	1,815
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	6,550	3,395	3,150
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	6,850	3,025	3,825
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	10,705	5,155	5,550
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	1,885	830	1,055
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	29,555	14,150	15,400
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	7,510	3,440	4,075
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	125	40	85
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	190	85	105
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	75	40	40
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	1,245	550	695
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	70	25	35
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	2,380	1,080	1,295
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	155	65	95
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	105	50	55
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	990	455	535
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	925	420	510
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	1,245	630	615
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	10,270	4,970	5,300
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	100	60	35
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	135	65	70
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	80	70	10
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	500	255	245
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	355	185	165
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	160	80	85
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	240	110	130
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	965	510	455
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	495	245	255
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	585	260	325
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	365	190	170
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	365	175	190
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	175	60	110
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	115	55	70
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	155	65	85
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	4,490	2,095	2,395
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	990	495	495
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	1,755	895	860
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	15	10	10
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	160	80	75
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	45	20	25
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	110	45	65
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	55	45	15
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	300	140	165
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	20	15	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	240	140	95
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	815	405	410
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	9,895	4,770	5,120
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	640	315	320
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	245	110	130
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	1,235	570	665
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	305	165	140
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	1,800	920	885
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	290	160	130
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	70	40	30
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	45	10	40
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	250	140	105
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	225	120	100
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	1,365	710	660
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	1,500	620	885
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	875	400	475
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	30	20	10
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	60	35	25
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	175	60	120
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	790	380	415
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	120	80	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	2,145	1,065	1,075
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	465	255	210
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	20	0	15
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	20	15	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	10
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	10	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	160	105	55
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	20	10	15
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	100	55	50
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	115	55	55
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	215	110	100
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	10	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	0	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	15	15	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	10
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	20	10	15
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	10	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	20	10	10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	50	30	20
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	75	40	30
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	245	145	100
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	20	15	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	15	10	10
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	45	25	20
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	55	35	20
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	40	25	20
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	60	40	20
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	1,185	530	660
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	30	10	20
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	40	20	20
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	230	115	120
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	250	120	125
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	35	15	15
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	15	0	10
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	20	0	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	20	10	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	20	10	15
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	140	70	70
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	215	70	145
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	25	15	10
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	55	25	35
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	0	0	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	10	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	10	10	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	70	40	25
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	30	20	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	20	10	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	126,785	61,865	64,915
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	30,775	14,825	15,945
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	34,495	17,255	17,245
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	61,515	29,790	31,730
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	18,825	9,100	9,725
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	9,335	4,735	4,605
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	3,605	2,325	1,280
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	5,730	2,405	3,325
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	6,770	2,910	3,860
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	2,570	1,390	1,180
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	145	60	80
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	126,785	61,865	64,915
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	1,995	940	1,060
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	1,880	890	990
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	1,115	545	565
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	730	330	400
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	40	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	40	15	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	70	30	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	124,790	60,925	63,860
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	126,785	61,865	64,915
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	560	240	325
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	126,225	61,625	64,595
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	126,785	61,865	64,920
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	245	110	140
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	250	110	140
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	215	105	115
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	30	10	25
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	3,235	1,415	1,815
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	3,145	1,370	1,780
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	2,330	1,045	1,285
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	755	285	465
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	65	35	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	80	50	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	85	55	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	123,305	60,340	62,970
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	126,785	61,865	64,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	32,095	15,800	16,285
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	8,345	4,210	4,135
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	3,185	1,540	1,640
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	10,085	4,910	5,175
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	2,550	1,120	1,425
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	1,345	715	625
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	960	485	475
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	525	240	285
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	1,265	625	635
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	350	200	150
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	460	215	240
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	1,170	535	635
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	1,860	1,010	850
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	94,690	46,065	48,625
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	126,785	61,865	64,915
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	3,480	1,525	1,950
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	2,630	1,195	1,430
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	65	35	30
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	870	345	520
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	35,765	17,725	18,035
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	160	80	85
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,530	765	765
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	34,555	17,135	17,425
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	275	165	105
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	15	0	10
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	25	10	10
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	0	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	25	15	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	87,885	42,545	45,340
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	63,210	30,310	32,900
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	36,080	17,210	18,870
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	26,935	12,660	14,270
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	45	10	35
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	27,965	13,390	14,570
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,780	1,310	1,470
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	4,600	2,170	2,430
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	11,025	5,230	5,795
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	11,025	5,230	5,795
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	15,910	7,580	8,330
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	845	415	430
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	400	190	210
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	4,690	2,300	2,390
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	20	15	10
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	10,680	5,000	5,680
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	490	265	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	2,685	1,305	1,380
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	695	325	370
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	580	320	265
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	225	105	120
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	530	230	295
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	675	350	325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	105	50	55
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	12,300	5,865	6,430
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	145	70	75
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	60	40	15
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	450	230	220
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	175	90	90
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	225	145	80
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	1,550	705	845
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	195	90	100
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	270	120	145
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	10	0	10
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	4,830	2,280	2,555
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	840	395	440
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	1,215	575	645
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	475	265	205
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	3,815	1,780	2,035
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	35	20	10
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	18,995	9,725	9,270
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	90	50	40
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	65	35	35
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	650	320	340
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	20	10	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	2,350	1,210	1,145
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	9,385	4,820	4,570
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	1,160	585	565
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	725	305	415
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	10	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	3,240	1,630	1,610
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	320	170	150
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	95	25	65
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	360	210	155
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	2,045	1,055	990
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	265	140	120
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	670	345	325
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	25	10	20
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	340	180	160
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	305	155	150
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	9,475	4,495	4,980
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	100	55	45
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	50	30	25
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	870	425	445
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	25	10	15
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	70	20	50
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	165	80	85
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	110	55	50
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	310	125	185
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	145	60	85
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	5,575	2,710	2,870
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	25	10	15
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	35	35	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	130	75	55
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	1,535	730	805
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	255	115	140
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,185	535	650
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	310	125	185
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	3,740	1,855	1,885
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	115	50	65
Arawak	1,440	610	830	50	10	40
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	90	55	35
Belizean	1,755	915	845	35	15	25
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	35	25	15
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	170	60	105
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	125	60	65
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	270	140	125
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	45	25	20
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	110	35	70
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	110	60	45
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,620	810	815
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	10	0	10
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	15	10	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	0	0	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	355	155	195
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	40	25	15
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	50	25	20
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	20	10	15
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	155	80	65
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	120	55	65
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	10	10	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	230	145	90
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	110	50	55
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	3,930	1,985	1,940
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	905	480	420
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	10	10	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	30	25	10
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	55	25	25
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	160	105	55
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	10	10	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	170	95	80
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	10	10	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	30	10	20
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	375	180	190
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	10	0	10
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	120	50	65
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	55	30	25
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	545	275	275
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	40	20	20
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	25	0	15
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	310	150	160
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	65	30	35
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	70	50	20
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	20	0	10
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	30	10	20
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	765	405	360
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	10	10	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	15	15	10
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	80	40	40
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	80	40	40
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	55	20	35
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	35	0	30
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	10	10	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	35	25	10
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	10	0	10
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	20	15	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	275	155	120
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	25	20	10
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	10	10	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	10	15	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	75	25	55
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	80	35	40
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	1,780	875	905
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	235	125	110
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	1,585	775	810
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	20,890	10,325	10,565
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	3,435	1,760	1,670
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	1,055	510	545
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	255	155	105
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	265	145	120
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	25	10	15
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	470	260	210
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	90	55	35
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	65	35	30
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	60	30	30
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	10	10	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	575	250	330
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	265	140	125
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	15	10	10
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	195	115	85
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	240	130	110
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	25	10	15
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	55	30	25
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	9,540	4,780	4,765
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	175	75	95
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	105	60	50
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	6,365	3,210	3,150
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	45	15	30
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	20	10	10
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	25	20	10
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	10	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	1,455	705	745
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	215	115	105
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	15	0	10
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	1,030	480	545
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	235	140	95
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	590	305	290
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	8,480	4,050	4,425
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	20	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	40	15	25
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	4,525	2,235	2,290
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	2,885	1,295	1,585
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	105	70	40
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	540	245	300
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	380	205	175
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	50	25	20
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	60	35	25
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	20	10	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	55	15	35
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	90	65	25
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	315	125	190
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	10	10	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	80	40	40
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	80	40	40
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	265	140	120
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	185	95	90
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	45	35	15
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	55	30	30
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	20	10	10
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	20	10	10
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	43,530	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	36,275	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	7,255	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	43,525	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	2,975	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	40,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	80	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	2,610	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	4,550	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	17,315	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	18,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	43,525	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	5,640	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	4,985	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	6,500	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	7,035	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	19,370	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	43,525	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	43,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	43,530	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	42,010	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	3,845	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	7,330	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	8,230	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	8,840	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	8,205	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	4,575	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	2,500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	42,080	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	1,450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	21,600	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	20,950	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	43,530	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	340	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	4,310	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	9,295	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	11,595	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	8,760	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	5,390	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,795	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	43,455	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	34,015	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	9,440	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	8,540	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	36,245	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	69.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,746	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,719	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	501,324	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	548,489	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	7,255	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	20.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	44.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,112	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,168	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	101,280	48,760	52,520
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	13,865	7,005	6,865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	28,785	13,890	14,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	58,635	27,875	30,760
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	5,785	4,300	1,490
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,635	1,625	1,005
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	3,150	2,670	480
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	25,305	11,180	14,125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	2,015	875	1,140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	25,530	11,520	14,015
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	18,570	8,215	10,360
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,670	660	1,010
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	480	260	215
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	4,330	2,105	2,225
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	475	280	200
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	68,460	32,880	35,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	4,155	2,415	1,735
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	16,865	8,385	8,475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	47,450	22,080	25,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	4,155	3,135	1,025
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,865	1,150	715
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	2,290	1,985	310
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	20,480	9,005	11,470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	1,540	665	870
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	21,275	9,275	11,995
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	15,315	6,550	8,760
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	1,400	510	890
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	410	215	190
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	3,775	1,785	1,995
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	380	210	165
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	101,280	48,765	52,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	42,650	20,890	21,760
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,810	810	3,000
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,810	805	3,000
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	2,500	1,190	1,310
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	550	395	150
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,950	795	1,155
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	3,050	1,120	1,930
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	195	55	145
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	860	220	640
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	795	255	545
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	20	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	150	80	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	270	175	100
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	610	320	295
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	150	20	130
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	8,390	2,530	5,860
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	95	10	80
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	950	405	550
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,330	65	1,265
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	1,510	295	1,215
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	130	15	120
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,305	280	1,025
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	3,070	1,460	1,610
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	13,130	5,675	7,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	25	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	1,105	175	925
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	12,000	5,480	6,515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	2,335	1,120	1,220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	1,005	435	570
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	630	265	365
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	30	0	30
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	590	390	195
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	90	30	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	2,470	1,575	900
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,950	1,305	640
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	105	20	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	360	205	155
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	55	45	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	11,025	10,140	890
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	450	340	105
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	2,615	2,210	405
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	2,530	2,305	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	2,295	2,235	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	2,135	2,075	60
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	990	965	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	630	360	270
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	335	185	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	290	180	115
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	7,755	1,520	6,230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	1,105	590	515
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	6,540	860	5,685
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	105	75	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	3,535	1,840	1,695
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,620	440	1,175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	1,495	1,015	480
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	405	370	35
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	68,460	32,880	35,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	21,010	10,800	10,210
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	3,010	610	2,400
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	3,010	610	2,400
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,930	915	1,015
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	385	280	105
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,545	635	915
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	2,450	865	1,585
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	160	45	120
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	700	170	535
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	655	210	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	115	55	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	185	130	55
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	485	240	245
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	130	10	110
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	7,050	2,040	5,010
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	75	15	70
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	790	335	455
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	1,065	35	1,025
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	1,370	235	1,130
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	110	10	95
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	1,080	215	870
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	2,565	1,195	1,370
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	11,005	4,680	6,325
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	25	15	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	945	150	790
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	10,035	4,510	5,525
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	1,830	815	1,015
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	770	320	450
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	510	190	320
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	25	0	25
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	455	285	165
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	75	25	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	2,175	1,380	795
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,775	1,185	590
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	95	15	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	255	140	115
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	45	35	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	8,625	7,885	745
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	365	285	90
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	2,055	1,710	345
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	2,050	1,855	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,790	1,730	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	1,645	1,605	50
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	720	700	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	490	255	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	255	125	130
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	230	135	100
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	6,220	1,215	5,005
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	870	445	425
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	5,260	715	4,550
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	90	60	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	2,675	1,420	1,260
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,150	315	840
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	1,215	830	385
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	300	275	30
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	101,285	48,765	52,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	42,645	20,890	21,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	58,640	27,875	30,760
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	49,665	23,390	26,275
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	46,565	21,805	24,760
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	3,100	1,590	1,515
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	8,970	4,480	4,485
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,510	730	780
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	695	260	435
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	850	425	420
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	1,330	800	530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	495	230	260
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	45	30	20
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	4,040	2,010	2,035
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	68,460	32,880	35,580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	21,015	10,800	10,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	47,450	22,080	25,370
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	40,605	18,785	21,815
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	38,105	17,530	20,580
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	2,495	1,260	1,235
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	6,845	3,290	3,560
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	1,240	595	640
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	510	175	335
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	710	335	375
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	695	410	285
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	410	185	225
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	50	30	20
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	3,235	1,565	1,665
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	101,285	48,765	52,520
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	70,300	35,910	34,390
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	65,080	33,150	31,930
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	5,220	2,760	2,460
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	30,985	12,855	18,125
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	69.4	73.6	65.5
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	64.3	68.0	60.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.4	7.7	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	101,285	48,765	52,520
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	29,350	12,160	17,190
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	71,930	36,605	35,325
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	39,355	21,950	17,405
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	32,575	14,655	17,920
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.3	43.9	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	70,300	35,905	34,390
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,555	775	775
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	68,745	35,130	33,615
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	62,040	31,015	31,030
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	6,705	4,120	2,585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	70,295	35,905	34,395
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,555	775	775
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	68,745	35,130	33,615
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	9,230	5,590	3,640
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	11,855	3,540	8,310
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	4,985	3,890	1,095
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	4,010	730	3,275
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	9,590	3,130	6,465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	2,200	995	1,205
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	15,570	6,945	8,625
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	8,320	7,895	430
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	770	650	120
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	2,215	1,765	455
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	70,300	35,905	34,390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,550	780	780
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	68,745	35,130	33,610
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	265	150	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	145	100	45
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	1,695	1,205	490
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	4,755	4,190	570
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	5,160	3,800	1,355
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	2,850	1,925	920
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	8,095	4,055	4,035
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	2,700	2,105	590
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	2,225	1,230	995
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	5,065	2,205	2,865
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	1,490	690	800
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	5,405	2,930	2,470
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	210	70	140
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	3,005	1,765	1,240
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	6,270	1,645	4,625
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	6,950	1,120	5,835
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,620	840	785
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,880	1,595	2,290
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,515	1,130	1,385
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	4,435	2,380	2,055
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	65,085	33,150	31,930
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	4,860	2,255	2,605
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	180	125	60
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	7,155	5,155	2,005
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	52,885	25,620	27,265
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	52,885	25,620	27,270
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	13,570	5,560	8,015
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	15,395	7,275	8,125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	23,780	12,715	11,065
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	135	75	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	60,040	30,775	29,265
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	47,075	25,020	22,060
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,195	1,490	1,700
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	7,485	3,310	4,185
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	1,575	585	990
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	180	130	45
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	530	235	295
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	60,040	30,770	29,270
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	12,240	4,965	7,270
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	15,825	7,540	8,290
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	9,295	5,310	3,985
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	7,540	4,450	3,095
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	15,140	8,515	6,625
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	60,040	30,775	29,270
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	5,550	4,085	1,470
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	11,390	6,490	4,895
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	15,730	7,540	8,195
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	11,375	4,685	6,685
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	6,430	2,840	3,595
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	9,565	5,135	4,430
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	74,150	37,635	36,515
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	73,525	37,385	36,140
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	73,270	37,265	36,005
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	72,880	37,195	35,680
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	390	70	320
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	255	115	135
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	250	115	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	10	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	65	25	40
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	20	0	15
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	15	0	15
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	10	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	10	0	10
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	10	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	10
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	35	25	10
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	10
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	30	25	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	10	0	10
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	155	75	80
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	155	75	75
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	35	10	20
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	120	60	60
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	625	250	380
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	370	135	235
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	245	110	135
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	15	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	74,150	37,635	36,515
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	71,790	36,515	35,280
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	375	90	285
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	1,100	530	570
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	865	495	370
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	860	495	370
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	10	10	10
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	125,510	61,220	64,295
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	113,985	55,635	58,355
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	11,530	5,585	5,940
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	4,455	2,140	2,320
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	7,070	3,450	3,620
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	6,575	3,180	3,390
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	6,240	3,020	3,220
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	330	160	175
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	500	270	225
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	119,580	58,210	61,370
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	80,195	39,280	40,910
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	39,385	18,930	20,460
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	16,065	7,605	8,465
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	23,320	11,325	12,000
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	20,765	10,010	10,755
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	19,885	9,620	10,265
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	880	390	490
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	2,555	1,310	1,240