Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Toronto, C Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Toronto, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	2,731,571	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	2,615,060	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	1,179,057	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	1,112,929	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	4,334.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	630.20	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	2,731,575	1,313,590	1,417,985
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	398,135	204,190	193,945
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	136,000	69,895	66,105
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	135,025	69,345	65,680
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	127,105	64,940	62,165
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	1,906,495	925,070	981,420
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	145,525	74,240	71,280
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	194,750	97,415	97,330
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	232,945	113,905	119,035
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	224,580	108,895	115,680
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	196,310	94,065	102,240
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	182,390	86,535	95,860
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	190,925	90,860	100,065
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	202,405	98,735	103,670
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	182,805	88,145	94,655
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	153,865	72,265	81,600
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	426,945	184,325	242,615
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	130,540	60,360	70,185
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	93,600	42,315	51,285
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	76,160	32,730	43,430
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	60,630	25,670	34,965
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	66,005	23,245	42,750
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	40,800	15,665	25,135
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	19,680	6,180	13,500
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	4,750	1,275	3,470
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	770	120	650
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	14.6	15.5	13.7
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	69.8	70.4	69.2
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	15.6	14.0	17.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.6	39.4	41.7
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	39.3	38.0	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	269,675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	493,280	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	349,885	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	71,230	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	61,630	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	48,540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	165,625	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	2,860	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	359,955	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	333,425	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	175,720	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	146,580	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	97,245	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	2,691,665	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	1,181,360	592,560	588,805
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	1,011,190	505,025	506,165
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	170,175	87,535	82,640
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	1,152,075	516,840	635,240
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	806,265	410,975	395,295
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	68,715	27,570	41,145
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	152,000	55,490	96,515
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	125,095	22,810	102,285
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	718,750	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	344,110	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	174,600	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	143,250	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	56,795	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	718,755	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	566,155	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	481,125	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	85,030	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	152,595	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	128,550	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	24,050	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	566,155	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	250,085	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	316,075	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	133,440	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	130,765	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	51,865	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	152,600	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	94,025	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	41,160	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	17,415	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	602,855	277,825	325,035
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	653,360	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	226,080	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	427,280	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	31,600	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	427,970	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	359,960	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	68,015	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,510
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	2,323,235	1,139,585	1,183,655
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	2,725	1,140	1,585
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	245,695	107,985	137,705
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	132,765	53,195	79,570
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	2,508,815	1,219,600	1,289,220
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	39,795	18,805	20,995
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	24,865	11,205	13,660
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	130,940	52,295	78,640
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	52,230	24,405	27,820
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.9	1.9	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	2,598,230	1,251,220	1,347,010
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	1,411,345	697,965	713,380
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	1,375,900	681,120	694,780
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	35,440	16,845	18,595
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	1,186,885	553,255	633,635
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	425	185	235
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	315	140	175
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	5	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	90	35	55
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	5	5	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	10	5	5
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	5	5	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	10	0	5
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	20	5	15
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	45	15	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	20	10	10
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	20	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	195	95	105
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	5	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	175	85	90
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	10	5	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	15	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	10	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	5	0	5
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	5	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	5	5	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	5	5	5
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	20	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	15	0	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	10	0	10
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	5	5	5
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	5	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	5	0	5
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	5	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	5	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	5	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	5	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	1,186,465	553,070	633,395
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	65,540	32,330	33,205
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	135	80	55
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	60	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	75	45	30
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	12,355	5,300	7,050
Bilen	805	455	350	75	45	30
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	860	420	435
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	11,375	4,810	6,565
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	50	30	20
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	52,845	26,840	26,010
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	6,425	2,880	3,550
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	29,825	15,745	14,075
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	4,840	2,360	2,480
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	700	360	335
Harari	1,320	635	685	755	350	405
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	4,350	2,345	2,005
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	1,430	715	710
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	4,150	1,890	2,260
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	380	190	190
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	200	115	90
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	26,165	11,860	14,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	1,365	595	770
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	24,775	11,255	13,520
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	20	10	15
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	99,750	39,030	60,725
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	320	135	185
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	3,390	1,335	2,055
Fijian	745	400	345	25	15	10
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	1,695	665	1,040
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	7,135	2,765	4,375
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	20	10	10
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	1,930	880	1,050
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	720	310	410
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	320	125	200
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	83,230	32,445	50,785
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	210	60	150
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	755	290	465
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	3,015	1,350	1,660
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	165	75	85
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	1,825	815	1,010
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	1,020	460	560
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	67,055	33,175	33,880
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	730	380	350
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	4,560	2,460	2,100
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	57,535	27,935	29,600
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	4,125	2,355	1,775
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	100	45	55
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	20	5	10
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	589,410	282,355	307,055
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	8,495	4,225	4,270
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	7,845	3,740	4,105
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	120,445	53,650	66,790
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	3,490	1,365	2,125
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	1,610	645	965
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	1,880	725	1,160
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	116,955	52,290	64,665
Belarusan	810	385	430	195	95	100
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	1,105	525	580
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	4,345	2,075	2,270
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	5,570	2,535	3,035
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	2,860	1,345	1,515
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	6,190	2,920	3,270
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	25,060	10,845	14,215
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	36,145	15,805	20,345
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	13,380	6,450	6,930
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	1,470	670	800
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	3,095	1,455	1,645
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	1,785	750	1,035
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	15,465	6,685	8,785
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	280	140	140
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	275	125	145
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	80	35	40
Welsh	1,075	495	575	85	30	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	110	60	45
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	22,310	10,095	12,215
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	405	210	190
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	665	285	380
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	3,180	1,535	1,645
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	40	25	15
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	14,515	6,440	8,075
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	65	35	30
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	230	105	130
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	700	305	395
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	130	50	80
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	2,350	1,095	1,255
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	35	15	20
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	27,840	13,415	14,425
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	194,760	99,110	95,650
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	138,625	70,700	67,930
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	28,460	14,365	14,090
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	26,400	13,520	12,880
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	15,230	7,960	7,270
Kashmiri	565	300	265	80	45	40
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	745	355	390
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	1,760	925	835
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	2,540	1,290	1,245
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	300	165	135
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	19,965	10,380	9,590
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	2,440	1,080	1,355
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	3,280	1,605	1,675
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	37,420	19,005	18,420
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	55,190	27,895	27,295
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	1,650	930	720
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	4,355	2,285	2,070
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	49,185	24,680	24,510
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	945	520	425
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	207,445	97,980	109,465
Catalan	865	440	425	125	70	55
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	62,640	29,050	33,590
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	59,355	28,540	30,820
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	12,335	5,630	6,705
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	72,850	34,635	38,215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	135	60	75
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	7,015	2,405	4,610
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	870	465	400
Georgian	1,715	910	805	870	465	400
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	33,665	15,155	18,505
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	290	130	165
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	295	130	160
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	13,780	6,455	7,325
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	4,340	1,970	2,375
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	45	25	20
Edo	1,670	770	900	670	260	410
Ewe	1,760	950	805	175	90	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	165	85	75
Ga	920	445	470	200	90	115
Ganda	1,295	625	665	375	180	200
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	740	385	355
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	285	135	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	270	130	135
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	285	135	150
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	395	185	205
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	2,230	1,050	1,185
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	115	65	50
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	1,580	820	760
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	1,905	845	1,055
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	235	125	105
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	40	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	200	105	90
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	565	320	245
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	210	120	90
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	350	200	150
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	250,960	114,630	136,330
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	245,285	111,855	133,430
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	114,670	52,085	62,585
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	2,855	1,225	1,635
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	111,405	51,120	60,280
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	450	220	225
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	6,120	2,820	3,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	2,665	1,200	1,470
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	7,015	3,135	3,880
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	100	50	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	5,670	2,775	2,895
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	610	270	335
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	255	125	135
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	4,590	2,275	2,320
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	215	110	105
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	1,720	690	1,030
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	710	365	340
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	1,005	320	685
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	10	0	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	10,680	5,610	5,065
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	915	490	420
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	8,835	4,670	4,165
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	240	120	125
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	440	225	210
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	250	110	140
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	15,145	6,655	8,485
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	1,940	770	1,170
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	1,315	500	825
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	11,885	5,385	6,500
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	585	310	280
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	106,190	50,685	55,500
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	7,550	3,520	4,030
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	92,620	44,395	48,230
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	3,300	1,515	1,785
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	2,715	1,255	1,460
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,510
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,670
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,756,685	858,655	898,030
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	1,739,625	850,750	888,875
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	17,065	7,910	9,155
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	701,785	327,145	374,640
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	110	55	55
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	55	30	25
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	15	10	10
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	5	5	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	5	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	35	20	15
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	35	20	10
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	5	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	5	0	5
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	5
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	5	0	5
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	701,675	327,090	374,590
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	36,560	17,185	19,375
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	40	20	20
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	20	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	25	10	15
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	7,495	3,140	4,350
Bilen	620	330	285	40	20	25
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	495	230	265
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	6,930	2,880	4,050
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	30	10	15
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	28,920	13,970	14,955
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	3,425	1,500	1,925
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	16,485	8,210	8,280
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	3,620	1,755	1,860
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	480	240	240
Harari	735	335	400	450	200	250
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	1,610	805	810
Maltese	1,130	525	605	430	200	230
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	2,250	985	1,270
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	170	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	110	55	50
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	17,760	8,020	9,740
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	725	305	425
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	17,020	7,710	9,305
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	10	0	5
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	48,375	20,215	28,165
Bikol	290	140	155	75	30	40
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	1,320	560	760
Fijian	195	105	90	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	615	265	355
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	2,695	1,150	1,545
Malagasy	435	220	210	5	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	575	270	300
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	215	90	120
Pangasinan	240	110	135	60	30	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	42,520	17,680	24,835
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	60	20	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	230	105	130
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	1,530	665	865
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	110	50	60
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	1,015	430	580
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	405	175	225
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	47,065	22,840	24,225
Kannada	1,630	825	800	290	155	135
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	2,460	1,315	1,140
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	42,015	20,085	21,930
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	2,270	1,270	1,000
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	35	15	20
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	317,075	150,570	166,505
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	4,110	2,070	2,045
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	5,170	2,430	2,740
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	61,615	28,155	33,460
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	1,080	430	655
Latvian	1,255	530	725	465	180	285
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	615	250	370
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	60,530	27,725	32,805
Belarusan	230	105	120	70	35	40
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	500	240	260
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	2,450	1,185	1,260
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	2,040	945	1,095
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	850	410	440
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	2,730	1,285	1,440
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	10,610	4,730	5,875
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	23,075	10,420	12,655
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	8,020	3,865	4,155
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	585	280	305
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	1,615	795	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	490	200	295
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	7,425	3,300	4,125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	70	25	40
Celtic languages	360	205	155	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	10	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	10	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	20	15	5
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	2,895	1,325	1,575
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	90	45	45
Danish	855	410	445	80	35	45
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	285	140	150
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	1,955	875	1,080
Icelandic	270	120	150	15	5	10
Norwegian	345	145	200	35	15	15
Swedish	1,045	500	545	130	50	75
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	15	10	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	290	145	145
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	5	5	5
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	13,000	6,065	6,935
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	122,130	60,785	61,340
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	84,470	42,405	42,060
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	18,935	9,390	9,545
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	16,525	8,290	8,235
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	7,850	4,060	3,785
Kashmiri	135	70	70	10	5	5
Konkani	720	355	370	160	80	80
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	775	405	370
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	1,705	870	830
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	140	70	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	12,075	6,210	5,870
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	1,130	495	635
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	1,545	765	785
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	23,625	11,775	11,850
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	37,275	18,170	19,105
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	905	490	415
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	2,995	1,525	1,465
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	33,375	16,150	17,225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	385	210	175
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	108,115	49,715	58,400
Catalan	355	165	190	65	30	35
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	27,130	11,365	15,770
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	33,425	16,090	17,340
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	5,910	2,705	3,210
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	41,530	19,510	22,025
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	45	25	25
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	3,295	1,380	1,915
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	635	345	295
Georgian	1,035	565	475	635	345	295
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	23,625	10,830	12,795
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	175	85	90
Mongolian	910	435	470	175	85	90
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	5,675	2,540	3,135
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	2,320	1,000	1,325
Bamanankan	340	180	160	15	10	10
Edo	415	175	240	220	85	125
Ewe	410	185	225	40	10	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	60	25	35
Ga	250	105	140	80	30	50
Ganda	345	160	185	110	50	65
Igbo	1,000	485	510	250	130	120
Lingala	1,045	455	590	75	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	110	55	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	85	35	45
Shona	1,035	475	560	125	55	70
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	995	440	555
Wolof	1,380	745	635	60	35	25
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	560	295	265
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	570	250	315
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	60	35	25
Dinka	1,130	580	550	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	50	30	20
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	885	520	365
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	315	170	140
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	570	345	220
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	185,430	85,370	100,055
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	181,255	83,310	97,945
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	83,405	37,430	45,980
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	1,250	550	695
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	87,760	41,290	46,470
Min Dong	345	150	195	155	70	85
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	2,805	1,285	1,515
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	1,470	680	795
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	4,350	1,975	2,375
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	55	25	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	4,175	2,060	2,110
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	365	160	205
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	205	105	105
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	3,525	1,750	1,775
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	80	45	35
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	710	330	385
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	315	155	160
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	390	175	220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	5	5	5
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	6,340	3,205	3,135
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	365	185	180
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	5,495	2,770	2,725
Uyghur	610	315	290	130	70	65
Uzbek	990	505	490	260	135	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	95	45	45
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	6,255	2,835	3,420
Estonian	975	365	610	530	185	345
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	260	105	155
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	5,460	2,540	2,920
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	215	115	100
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	245,950	116,105	129,845
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	6,510	3,010	3,495
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	233,300	110,350	122,950
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	1,355	595	755
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	4,780	2,145	2,640
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	2,057,585	995,080	1,062,505
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	271,530	130,775	140,750
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	27,445	12,360	15,080
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	335,090	157,715	177,375
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	385	165	220
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	334,705	157,550	177,155
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	1,835	875	965
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	6,420	3,075	3,340
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	4,365	1,950	2,425
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	140	65	80
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	30,089	33,456	27,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	27,958	30,661	25,918
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	1,888,445	918,925	969,520
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	31,733	36,010	28,105
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	1,598,435	709,590	888,850
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	2,249	1,115	3,956
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	1,578,750	791,520	787,230
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	33,602	37,149	30,393
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	2,187,225	1,041,920	1,145,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	52,268	62,667	42,807
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	41,462	48,059	35,461
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	1,889,205	918,700	970,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	54,901	66,647	43,781
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	1,598,725	710,015	888,710
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,631	5,725	7,355
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	1,578,755	791,435	787,310
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	54,032	64,206	43,805
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	726,575	392,990	333,590
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	55,246	58,626	52,090
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	78,643	89,498	65,856
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	90.6	93.6	86.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	74.4	77.7	70.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	9.4	6.4	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,125
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	107,760	50,750	57,005
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	389,430	182,885	206,545
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	410,355	175,800	234,555
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	291,150	125,720	165,430
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	221,475	100,395	121,085
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	187,235	87,700	99,535
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	145,500	70,185	75,315
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	114,465	57,710	56,750
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	89,650	46,940	42,705
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	69,990	37,355	32,630
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	58,210	30,005	28,210
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	209,575	127,215	82,360
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	119,810	68,240	51,570
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	89,770	58,975	30,795
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	107,450	50,660	56,795
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	2,187,335	1,042,005	1,145,330
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	395,780	185,315	210,465
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	425,580	183,045	242,535
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	330,405	144,300	186,110
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	261,430	120,825	140,610
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	213,815	101,645	112,175
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	154,925	77,550	77,375
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	112,490	59,255	53,235
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	84,300	44,490	39,810
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	208,615	125,585	83,025
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	57,270	30,705	26,570
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	34,660	20,035	14,630
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	116,680	74,845	41,830
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	716,035	301,145	414,895
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	1,578,750	791,520	787,235
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	68.8	72.4	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	201,230	94,895	106,335
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	132,320	61,255	71,065
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	219,860	103,510	116,355
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	176,835	81,220	95,615
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	157,110	75,225	81,890
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	141,850	68,405	73,445
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	113,285	57,240	56,045
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	90,310	47,130	43,180
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	72,185	39,215	32,975
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	273,755	163,430	110,330
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	57,580	31,675	25,910
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	50,845	26,260	24,580
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	165,330	105,490	59,840
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	65,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	58,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	359,960	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	38,018	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	34,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	752,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	82,908	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	73,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	102,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	359,985	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	55,409	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	44,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	752,940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	125,340	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	99,289	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	33,190	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	23,455	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	36,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	54,025	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	47,315	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	47,500	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	46,945	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	47,115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	46,290	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	44,650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	84,180	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	76,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	68,190	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	60,400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	53,485	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	343,520	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	100,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	68,300	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	77,810	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	96,600	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	34,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	23,615	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	37,085	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	55,930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	51,915	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	52,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	53,515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	55,545	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	55,765	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	53,385	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	98,910	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	86,755	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	75,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	63,360	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	51,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	263,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	94,025	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	58,255	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	111,180	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	705,600	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	82,859	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	73,530	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	221,155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	83,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	72,412	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	316,455	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	102,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	89,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	138,800	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	51,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	47,839	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	705,445	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	127,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	100,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	221,085	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	127,461	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	98,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	317,230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	155,188	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	120,979	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	137,685	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	70,494	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	59,981	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	518,290	246,070	272,215
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	31,059	31,130	31,006
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	28,647	28,567	28,713
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	517,005	245,110	271,895
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	47,407	49,458	45,557
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	38,513	39,445	37,673
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	1,455,315	686,810	768,500
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	404,560	195,060	209,500
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	320,165	146,180	173,980
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	268,495	125,455	143,040
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	238,680	113,000	125,680
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	223,415	107,115	116,300
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	1,236,350	609,425	626,925
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	216,450	103,995	112,460
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	213,325	103,540	109,790
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	219,865	107,815	112,050
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	241,850	119,420	122,425
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	344,855	174,650	170,200
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	478,360	245,340	233,020
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	162,510	83,480	79,030
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	1,811,265	874,400	936,860
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	402,045	176,495	225,550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	543,385	254,890	288,495
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	125,675	64,485	61,195
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	42,685	21,880	20,805
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	347,775	163,045	184,730
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	69,935	27,360	42,575
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	20.2	19.7	20.7
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	26.3	26.3	26.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	26.3	26.2	26.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	19.2	18.6	19.7
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	17.4	15.5	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	469,325	224,145	245,180
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	98,910	50,725	48,185
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	33,950	17,345	16,605
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	322,620	155,490	167,130
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	47,800	17,935	29,865
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	17.4	17.3	17.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	20.7	20.7	20.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	20.9	20.8	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	17.8	17.8	17.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	11.9	10.2	13.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,560
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	2,557,220	1,242,190	1,315,035
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	246,610	107,660	138,950
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	1,464,760	689,505	775,255
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	795	325	470
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	660	285	375
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	135	65	70
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	30	20	10
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	25	10	15
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	10	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	70	30	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	15	0	10
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	15	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	510	215	295
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	15	10	10
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	480	205	275
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	10	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	15	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	15	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	10	10	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	10	0	10
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	20	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	15	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	50	10	40
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	40	10	35
Oneida	180	60	125	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	10	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	10	10
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	10	0	10
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	10	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	10	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	25	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	1,464,025	689,205	774,820
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	100,730	49,935	50,795
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	135	75	55
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	35	15	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	110	65	45
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	17,250	7,505	9,750
Bilen	1,085	625	470	65	45	25
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	1,175	495	685
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	16,020	6,955	9,065
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	65	25	40
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	84,510	42,935	41,580
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	9,560	4,445	5,120
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	47,885	25,005	22,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	5,930	2,865	3,065
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	680	335	350
Harari	1,710	855	860	945	480	465
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	18,860	9,555	9,315
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	1,860	910	950
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	5,150	2,425	2,725
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	465	255	205
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	370	180	185
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	33,965	15,600	18,360
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	2,020	850	1,170
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	32,165	14,870	17,295
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	128,075	50,505	77,570
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	385	175	210
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	4,685	1,865	2,830
Fijian	1,660	955	705	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	1,810	730	1,070
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	9,550	3,780	5,770
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	55	20	35
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	3,435	1,585	1,850
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	920	420	505
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	325	130	190
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	121,155	47,540	73,620
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	220	60	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	895	360	535
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	8,845	3,795	5,050
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	455	195	265
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	4,830	2,015	2,825
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	3,675	1,625	2,050
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	87,340	43,525	43,815
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	1,610	835	775
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	6,705	3,550	3,155
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	74,750	36,615	38,135
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	6,130	3,560	2,575
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	160	75	80
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	15	0	10
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	764,770	369,530	395,235
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	9,905	4,880	5,025
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	9,630	4,560	5,070
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	138,380	62,970	75,405
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	3,910	1,540	2,370
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	1,765	740	1,025
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	2,145	800	1,345
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	135,365	61,790	73,575
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	470	240	225
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,960	930	1,035
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	4,860	2,340	2,525
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	8,555	4,140	4,415
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	3,745	1,795	1,950
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	8,245	3,855	4,390
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	30,970	13,515	17,450
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	51,045	23,150	27,890
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	17,025	8,365	8,660
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	1,800	850	950
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	3,460	1,605	1,855
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	2,010	890	1,120
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	21,020	9,145	11,870
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	335	205	130
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	1,355	715	640
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	395	220	180
Welsh	1,690	830	860	140	65	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	820	440	380
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	43,080	20,695	22,385
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	1,670	850	820
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	1,090	485	605
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	4,755	2,330	2,420
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	75	35	40
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	29,980	14,340	15,640
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	100	45	55
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	480	240	240
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	1,630	765	865
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	160	65	90
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	4,685	2,305	2,380
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	55	25	35
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	40,170	19,690	20,480
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	254,825	130,405	124,415
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	193,285	99,090	94,190
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	35,635	18,260	17,375
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	36,180	18,650	17,530
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	65,360	34,355	31,005
Kashmiri	905	490	420	85	40	40
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	1,500	695	810
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	3,230	1,630	1,600
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	3,925	1,945	1,975
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	450	220	230
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	33,785	17,720	16,060
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	4,185	1,950	2,235
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	6,860	3,390	3,470
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	57,675	29,285	28,390
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	63,765	32,345	31,420
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	2,080	1,210	870
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	6,570	3,595	2,975
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	57,760	29,105	28,650
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	1,515	850	665
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	290,570	136,505	154,065
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	240	125	115
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	91,590	42,755	48,835
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	75,785	36,510	39,270
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	14,620	6,580	8,045
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	122,195	57,080	65,115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	440	225	220
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	12,070	5,105	6,960
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	1,125	575	550
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	1,130	570	550
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	37,610	17,455	20,155
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	345	150	195
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	350	155	195
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	26,430	12,495	13,935
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	7,000	3,215	3,785
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	110	75	35
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	1,210	500	705
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	265	155	110
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	295	150	145
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	475	195	280
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	585	280	305
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	1,480	765	710
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	1,265	540	725
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	400	210	185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	460	215	250
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	760	350	410
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	6,210	3,000	3,210
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	285	135	150
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	3,600	1,870	1,730
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	3,975	1,745	2,230
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	310	170	140
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	60	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	250	130	120
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	3,090	1,375	1,715
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	1,950	765	1,185
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	1,195	645	545
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	279,900	129,990	149,910
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	273,760	126,965	146,795
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	141,260	64,620	76,645
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	3,035	1,265	1,775
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	150,735	69,900	80,840
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	460	205	255
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	7,235	3,195	4,045
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	3,225	1,490	1,735
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	7,055	3,155	3,900
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	75	50	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	6,400	3,170	3,230
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	885	400	485
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	250	110	130
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	5,045	2,515	2,525
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	295	170	125
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	2,205	875	1,330
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	850	380	465
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	1,455	540	915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	15	10	10
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	15,395	8,125	7,275
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	1,465	760	710
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	13,000	6,905	6,090
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	320	150	170
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	630	345	285
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	380	160	220
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	17,065	7,680	9,385
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	1,985	855	1,130
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	1,430	585	850
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	13,700	6,260	7,445
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	1,315	675	635
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	2,296,370	1,108,000	1,188,365
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	431,655	221,480	210,180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	1,864,710	886,525	978,190
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	395,295	188,270	207,025
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	1,332,090	665,435	666,655
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	1,266,005	583,975	682,030
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	294,065	133,310	160,755
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	171,565	81,205	90,365
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	281,870	127,730	154,145
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	330,550	152,950	177,600
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	162,770	75,700	87,070
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	167,780	77,250	90,530
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	187,950	88,780	99,170
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	93,575	46,865	46,715
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	1,266,000	583,975	682,030
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	96,800	47,595	49,205
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	205,920	102,700	103,215
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	270,470	120,040	150,425
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	558,625	254,865	303,760
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	134,190	58,775	75,420
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	1,266,000	583,975	682,030
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	212,010	92,485	119,525
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	7,025	3,360	3,660
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	8,710	3,995	4,720
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	6,960	3,500	3,460
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	34,490	14,700	19,790
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	1,855	835	1,020
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	45,075	18,280	26,795
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	7,225	3,340	3,890
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	3,865	1,725	2,145
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	19,640	8,305	11,330
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	24,530	11,480	13,050
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	52,630	22,965	29,665
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	298,270	139,045	159,220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	5,125	2,445	2,685
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	4,680	2,195	2,475
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	4,585	2,175	2,410
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	11,090	5,220	5,870
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	19,235	9,185	10,050
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	7,860	3,580	4,280
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	4,625	2,400	2,225
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	45,515	21,350	24,165
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	2,690	1,355	1,335
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	21,360	9,265	12,100
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	38,575	18,485	20,090
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	12,875	5,690	7,185
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	16,225	6,755	9,470
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	8,525	4,095	4,430
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	15,775	7,075	8,705
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	40,295	19,425	20,870
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	39,225	18,350	20,880
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	77,445	36,520	40,925
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	770	435	335
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	6,620	3,490	3,130
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	9,080	4,095	4,985
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	4,880	2,195	2,685
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	1,850	885	965
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	7,605	3,780	3,830
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	9,025	3,605	5,410
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	5,560	2,710	2,845
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	32,055	15,320	16,740
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	674,495	314,010	360,485
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	12,740	6,455	6,285
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	25,100	12,730	12,365
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	131,475	59,275	72,205
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	38,820	17,855	20,965
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	79,225	40,115	39,110
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	36,445	18,300	18,145
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	11,135	5,490	5,645
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	3,985	1,260	2,725
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	26,835	12,330	14,500
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	6,010	3,350	2,660
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	34,750	17,535	17,215
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	118,780	47,820	70,955
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	52,900	25,740	27,160
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	5,575	2,790	2,785
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	7,695	3,320	4,375
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	30,575	13,725	16,850
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	52,450	25,925	26,530
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	3,785	1,910	1,870
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	187,950	88,780	99,170
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	23,850	11,210	12,635
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	1,915	930	980
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	1,430	670	760
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	770	345	430
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	680	315	360
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	3,530	1,840	1,685
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	2,065	995	1,070
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	4,015	2,085	1,925
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	1,055	480	575
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	8,390	3,540	4,845
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	20,260	10,240	10,025
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	1,140	560	585
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	625	345	285
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	1,220	780	440
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	400	180	220
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	860	355	505
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	2,290	835	1,460
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	1,930	905	1,025
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	2,120	1,375	740
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	9,680	4,915	4,760
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	13,300	6,380	6,920
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	130	50	80
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	555	240	315
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	325	135	195
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	170	70	95
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	1,350	690	660
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	970	485	485
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	1,555	710	845
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	210	100	110
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	2,550	1,235	1,310
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	1,010	480	530
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	395	230	170
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	85	55	30
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	3,985	1,900	2,090
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	129,695	60,415	69,275
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	3,170	1,630	1,535
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	5,795	2,870	2,920
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	23,195	10,230	12,965
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	640	275	360
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	20,095	10,555	9,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	10,930	5,325	5,610
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	3,715	1,795	1,920
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	585	295	285
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	740	195	540
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	2,925	1,315	1,610
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	615	350	260
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	1,575	825	750
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	6,725	3,285	3,440
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	31,730	13,360	18,370
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	865	435	425
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	4,355	1,825	2,530
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	3,260	1,735	1,525
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	325	100	220
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	1,675	920	755
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	940	480	455
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	1,380	500	875
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	4,460	2,085	2,380
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	850	530	320
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	665	425	240
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	185	105	80
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	1,377,465	640,055	737,410
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	740,180	371,440	368,740
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	574,020	284,775	289,250
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	988,325	458,395	529,925
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	475,155	227,400	247,755
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	201,860	111,560	90,305
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	273,290	115,835	157,450
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	320,940	131,355	189,590
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	176,120	92,535	83,590
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	16,100	7,110	8,990
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	23,065	10,835	12,235
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	21,925	10,215	11,710
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	14,380	6,695	7,685
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	7,270	3,385	3,880
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	275	130	150
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	500	260	235
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	645	355	285
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	2,668,600	1,285,440	1,383,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	7,965	3,655	4,305
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	2,683,700	1,292,610	1,391,090
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	4,215	1,900	2,320
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	4,125	1,855	2,270
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	3,330	1,455	1,875
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	705	370	335
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	90	35	60
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	90	40	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	65	30	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	15	10	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	31,410	14,655	16,765
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	30,560	14,295	16,265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	23,355	11,000	12,355
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	6,885	3,145	3,745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	320	150	165
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	850	355	500
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	770	310	460
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	60	35	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	2,656,040	1,279,720	1,376,315
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	1,385,850	656,795	729,060
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	338,965	171,480	167,480
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	299,460	140,725	158,735
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	239,850	109,870	129,980
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	152,715	64,130	88,585
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	77,160	37,295	39,865
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	36,030	18,920	17,105
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	41,645	19,375	22,270
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	60,325	30,515	29,805
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	41,640	19,665	21,975
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	13,410	5,505	7,905
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	36,975	16,945	20,035
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	47,675	22,360	25,310
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	1,305,815	639,475	666,340
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	35,630	16,550	19,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	27,610	12,840	14,770
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	515	245	270
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	8,460	3,875	4,590
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	345,705	170,640	175,065
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	2,315	1,190	1,130
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	27,475	13,455	14,015
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	323,180	159,435	163,740
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	45	30	20
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	1,430	695	730
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	335	150	180
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	375	230	150
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	880	440	440
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	150	75	75
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	1,288,855	624,910	663,945
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	597,295	292,595	304,700
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	180	95	80
Cornish	1,975	995	975	150	75	75
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	331,895	162,525	169,370
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	262,965	125,325	137,635
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	435	260	175
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	256,255	124,590	131,665
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	28,210	13,425	14,780
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	52,905	25,635	27,270
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	122,870	58,265	64,605
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	260	95	165
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	40	35	10
Corsican	1,750	950	805	35	15	20
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	122,610	58,150	64,460
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	187,190	90,670	96,520
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	16,145	7,660	8,490
Bavarian	940	485	455	85	35	45
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	4,895	2,220	2,670
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	41,650	19,880	21,765
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	460	220	245
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	230	135	95
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	130,895	63,815	67,080
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	130	65	65
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	7,630	3,770	3,860
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	340	145	195
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	36,720	17,695	19,025
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	7,575	3,715	3,860
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	8,160	3,795	4,365
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	2,305	1,115	1,190
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	9,180	4,565	4,610
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	10,400	4,780	5,620
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	1,950	895	1,060
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	302,480	141,850	160,630
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	6,495	3,090	3,405
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	4,080	2,040	2,045
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	9,500	4,555	4,950
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	2,315	1,040	1,280
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	4,620	2,165	2,455
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	33,700	16,350	17,355
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	5,710	2,640	3,070
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	11,675	5,400	6,270
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	1,265	620	650
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	114,530	53,655	60,880
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	26,255	12,225	14,025
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	74,465	34,135	40,330
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	7,615	3,680	3,940
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	72,345	34,015	38,330
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	5,210	2,415	2,795
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	441,480	215,805	225,675
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	11,120	5,570	5,555
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	2,965	1,425	1,540
Catalan	1,280	740	535	120	80	40
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	13,675	6,690	6,985
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	1,470	740	725
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	57,420	28,600	28,820
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	182,495	89,805	92,690
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	270	145	125
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	13,320	6,585	6,735
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	6,765	3,365	3,405
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	935	405	525
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	100,415	48,725	51,695
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	19,375	9,710	9,670
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	680	335	345
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	5,475	2,680	2,790
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	56,815	26,600	30,215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	3,310	1,580	1,730
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	260	115	150
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	42,130	20,955	21,175
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	505	230	275
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	34,270	17,145	17,130
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	900	425	480
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	495	260	235
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	6,320	3,075	3,245
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	165,735	73,670	92,060
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	1,320	535	785
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	620	330	285
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	9,015	4,035	4,980
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	650	295	350
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	995	335	660
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	5,340	2,445	2,895
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	3,580	1,725	1,850
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	7,370	3,005	4,365
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	3,440	1,585	1,855
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	90,065	40,370	49,695
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	905	435	470
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	80	30	45
Montserratan	930	460	470	245	100	140
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	450	240	210
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	3,525	1,465	2,060
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	20,215	9,035	11,180
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	6,170	2,530	3,640
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	20,315	8,755	11,560
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	7,875	3,395	4,475
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	113,815	53,520	60,300
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	4,500	2,035	2,455
Arawak	1,440	610	830	470	220	250
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	4,250	2,100	2,155
Belizean	1,755	915	845	185	70	115
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	785	375	410
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	8,365	4,165	4,205
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	5,900	2,885	3,010
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	12,235	5,830	6,405
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	1,070	580	490
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	9,990	4,675	5,315
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	3,110	1,470	1,645
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	26,690	11,845	14,845
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	2,145	1,065	1,085
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	1,015	455	565
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	785	390	400
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	12,095	5,695	6,400
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	2,325	1,125	1,205
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	890	365	525
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	165	65	95
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	4,990	2,340	2,655
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	9,570	4,720	4,845
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	1,300	665	635
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	4,220	1,910	2,305
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	5,075	2,490	2,585
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	146,870	70,425	76,445
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	31,135	15,255	15,880
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	460	260	200
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	845	375	470
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	560	270	285
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	235	120	115
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	40	10	35
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	1,570	775	800
Chadian	1,845	955	885	130	65	65
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	2,625	1,215	1,410
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	495	255	240
Ewe	845	470	375	75	40	35
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	35	10	30
Gambian	975	495	475	435	195	240
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	9,965	4,640	5,325
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	470	240	235
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	665	375	295
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	385	175	215
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	170	75	100
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	175	90	85
Malinké	1,125	585	535	160	65	95
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	9,745	4,930	4,815
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	60	40	20
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	365	195	170
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	595	305	290
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	210	135	75
Wolof	840	495	345	45	20	25
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	1,105	645	460
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	1,495	750	750
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	19,510	9,970	9,540
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	890	405	480
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	455	245	205
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	285	155	130
Dinka	900	500	400	10	0	10
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	10,495	5,310	5,180
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	715	380	330
Maure	1,190	655	535	145	85	60
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	4,100	2,095	2,005
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	2,305	1,145	1,165
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	550	285	265
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	470	285	185
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	56,405	26,555	29,845
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	190	90	95
Amhara	1,530	815	715	325	170	160
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	175	100	75
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	475	265	210
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	160	80	85
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	6,455	3,105	3,355
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	13,090	6,255	6,830
Harari	665	355	305	395	215	175
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	2,150	970	1,185
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	80	30	50
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	945	455	485
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	640	275	365
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	790	365	425
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	75	30	45
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	20,960	9,675	11,280
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	5,435	2,705	2,735
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	1,140	550	590
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	360	190	175
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	1,285	620	660
Zambian	1,860	935	920	170	80	85
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	1,025	450	575
Zulu	945	475	475	140	75	65
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	3,275	1,375	1,900
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	41,950	19,690	22,270
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	6,535	2,750	3,785
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	35,855	17,135	18,720
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	1,079,290	515,535	563,760
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	152,055	77,500	74,555
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	20,915	10,770	10,150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	9,280	4,885	4,390
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	12,265	5,950	6,320
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	3,125	1,620	1,505
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	1,670	805	870
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	1,605	815	785
Hazara	1,515	810	705	325	165	160
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	45,540	23,000	22,535
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	10,475	5,180	5,295
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	6,720	3,480	3,240
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	1,480	830	655
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	635	290	345
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	2,565	1,415	1,155
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	155	95	60
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	130	40	90
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	13,125	6,800	6,325
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	4,090	2,280	1,810
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	825	460	360
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	1,125	585	535
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	6,655	3,210	3,450
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	780	390	390
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	860	375	485
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	13,345	6,845	6,500
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	200	90	110
Uighur	1,555	775	785	370	180	185
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	1,025	530	495
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	1,405	665	740
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	4,210	2,175	2,035
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	350,040	175,565	174,470
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	18,155	9,430	8,725
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	9,455	4,875	4,580
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	120	75	50
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	202,675	101,705	100,970
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	1,280	565	710
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	1,995	1,075	920
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	350	180	170
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	3,080	1,515	1,565
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	36,135	18,360	17,770
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	6,205	3,185	3,020
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	1,735	850	880
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	58,185	28,130	30,055
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	20,345	10,295	10,055
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	18,475	9,450	9,025
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	586,510	266,790	319,720
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	1,200	570	635
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	2,965	1,300	1,665
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	332,825	155,720	177,110
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	162,600	68,740	93,865
Hmong	805	420	390	15	0	10
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	2,950	1,370	1,580
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	17,265	7,320	9,945
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	230	100	130
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	43,455	20,505	22,950
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	1,255	580	680
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	2,875	1,340	1,535
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	1,090	480	615
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	555	240	320
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	4,500	2,015	2,480
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	1,795	640	1,155
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	5,430	2,705	2,725
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	36,840	17,310	19,530
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	1,375	700	675
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	4,605	2,310	2,295
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	4,605	2,310	2,295
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	5,790	2,905	2,885
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	3,705	1,945	1,765
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	1,230	640	590
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	1,020	425	595
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	465	165	300
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	125	55	65
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	145	80	60
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	80	15	60
Samoan	1,100	625	475	65	30	35
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	220	90	130
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	587,095	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	525,835	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	292,260	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	820,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	22,360	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	310,005	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	315,685	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	270,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	193,950	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	559,150	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	150,730	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	119,130	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	94,780	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	189,140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	1,054,450	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	58,485	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	978,105	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	134,820	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	363,125	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	347,615	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	109,900	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	85,645	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	58,310	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	67,530	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	80,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	1,034,330	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	78,595	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	693,410	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	374,460	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	45,065	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	38,560	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	193,900	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	200,750	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	225,770	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	198,425	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	134,375	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	84,315	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	36,845	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	1,110,740	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	704,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	406,070	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	328,350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	587,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	57.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	27.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,496	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,682	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	601,922	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	754,015	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	525,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	15.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	46.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,201	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,242	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	377,340	177,785	199,550
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	561,095	276,685	284,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	1,356,355	638,180	718,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	94,005	59,530	34,475
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	53,065	30,330	22,735
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	40,945	29,195	11,745
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	362,080	156,110	205,975
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	65,015	27,970	37,040
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	835,255	394,575	440,685
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	534,610	245,840	288,765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	54,570	24,630	29,935
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	23,545	12,065	11,475
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	192,120	93,960	98,160
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	30,415	18,075	12,345
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	1,554,810	745,235	809,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	159,795	80,045	79,745
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	317,080	162,485	154,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	1,077,935	502,705	575,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	63,315	39,670	23,640
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	36,000	20,535	15,470
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	27,310	19,140	8,175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	279,675	121,840	157,835
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	48,700	21,085	27,615
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	686,245	320,105	366,140
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	433,620	198,980	234,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	43,835	19,140	24,705
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	18,815	8,885	9,930
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	166,410	79,840	86,565
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	23,565	13,260	10,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	938,435	454,470	483,965
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	67,330	14,370	52,965
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	67,330	14,370	52,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	86,360	39,580	46,785
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	10,295	7,570	2,730
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	76,065	32,005	44,055
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	101,440	38,205	63,235
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	12,400	2,990	9,415
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	31,945	10,210	21,735
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	23,775	8,195	15,585
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	665	275	390
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	8,015	4,575	3,440
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	5,475	3,390	2,080
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	15,360	7,865	7,495
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	3,800	695	3,100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	215,995	80,305	135,695
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	3,805	805	3,000
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	27,655	10,905	16,755
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	26,595	2,885	23,710
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	38,050	16,600	21,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	3,800	945	2,855
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	29,555	7,530	22,020
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	86,530	40,630	45,900
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	316,575	143,790	172,785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	610	255	350
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	22,585	5,035	17,545
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	293,385	138,500	154,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	63,185	30,155	33,035
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	29,170	12,000	17,165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	13,410	5,860	7,545
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	1,380	425	955
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	17,275	11,180	6,095
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	1,955	695	1,265
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	76,440	49,500	26,940
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	57,245	39,505	17,740
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	3,700	670	3,025
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	14,350	8,495	5,850
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	1,140	825	315
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	203,235	170,735	32,495
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	18,005	11,125	6,880
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	93,105	73,095	20,010
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	31,630	28,215	3,415
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	90	20	60
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	25,275	24,510	765
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	23,105	22,350	755
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	12,020	11,410	605
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	14,385	7,115	7,275
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	7,765	4,080	3,685
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	6,625	3,035	3,590
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	161,615	40,265	121,350
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	12,375	6,250	6,130
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	142,005	30,130	111,870
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	7,235	3,890	3,345
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	49,585	24,090	25,495
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	33,385	11,715	21,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	210	185	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	220	195	25
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	9,475	6,475	3,005
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	6,290	5,525	765
Other	3,170	885	2,280	210	85	130
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	205	80	125
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	1,554,815	745,240	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	476,880	242,535	234,340
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	48,015	10,310	37,710
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	48,015	10,310	37,710
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	70,630	32,800	37,825
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	8,240	6,095	2,145
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	62,385	26,710	35,680
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	77,355	28,940	48,420
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	9,450	2,160	7,290
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	24,570	7,840	16,730
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	18,350	6,360	11,985
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	545	235	310
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	6,215	3,600	2,615
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	3,875	2,365	1,515
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	11,710	5,965	5,745
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	2,645	405	2,240
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	176,260	64,440	111,820
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	3,110	680	2,430
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	23,490	9,350	14,145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	20,460	2,080	18,380
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	32,410	13,120	19,285
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	3,140	795	2,340
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	23,045	5,665	17,385
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	70,605	32,750	37,850
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	259,240	116,620	142,625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	525	200	325
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	18,355	4,125	14,230
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	240,360	112,290	128,070
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	48,020	22,475	25,540
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	22,455	9,165	13,290
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	10,355	4,475	5,880
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	1,100	355	745
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	12,630	7,955	4,685
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	1,470	525	945
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	66,520	43,645	22,875
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	51,580	35,780	15,795
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	2,500	490	2,005
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	11,420	6,635	4,785
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	1,020	735	290
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	154,980	127,815	27,160
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	14,855	8,910	5,940
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	75,175	58,020	17,155
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	23,075	20,580	2,495
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	80	20	60
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	17,955	17,415	540
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	16,100	15,580	520
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	7,735	7,290	445
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	11,710	5,595	6,120
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	6,170	3,075	3,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	5,545	2,520	3,025
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	127,480	31,675	95,805
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	9,425	4,835	4,585
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	112,440	24,045	88,390
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	5,620	2,795	2,825
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	37,545	18,325	19,225
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	24,950	8,690	16,260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	155	130	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	110	95	15
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	7,280	4,910	2,370
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	5,050	4,495	560
Other	2,590	745	1,845	180	70	110
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	180	70	110
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	938,430	454,470	483,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	1,356,360	638,185	718,175
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	929,295	434,085	495,205
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	844,385	392,995	451,390
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	84,910	41,095	43,815
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	427,060	204,095	222,970
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	45,380	24,765	20,620
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	58,780	19,975	38,800
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	42,320	22,130	20,190
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	28,740	15,215	13,535
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	35,475	16,700	18,775
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	4,875	2,630	2,245
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	211,485	102,685	108,805
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	1,554,810	745,235	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	476,880	242,535	234,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	1,077,935	502,705	575,230
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	739,730	344,335	395,395
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	671,340	310,865	360,475
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	68,390	33,470	34,920
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	338,205	158,365	179,835
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	35,025	18,675	16,350
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	50,685	17,040	33,645
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	36,085	18,480	17,605
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	18,570	9,775	8,800
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	29,550	13,705	15,845
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	4,050	2,180	1,865
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	164,240	78,510	85,735
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	1,361,375	697,365	664,010
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	122,305	60,785	61,520
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	811,105	334,505	476,605
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	64.7	69.4	60.4
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	59.3	63.8	55.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.2	8.0	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	791,790	328,280	463,515
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	1,502,995	764,375	738,620
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	750,555	409,195	341,360
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	752,445	355,180	397,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.3	42.9	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	46,135	21,730	24,405
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	1,437,545	736,420	701,125
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	1,254,610	621,175	633,435
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	182,930	115,245	67,690
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	46,135	21,730	24,405
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	1,437,545	736,420	701,125
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	163,965	95,505	68,460
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	258,870	98,770	160,100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	117,635	88,840	28,795
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	84,360	22,000	62,360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	186,795	60,360	126,435
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	80,195	40,685	39,510
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	345,145	163,920	181,220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	131,110	122,835	8,280
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	7,555	6,240	1,310
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	61,900	37,255	24,645
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	46,135	21,730	24,405
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	1,437,540	736,415	701,125
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	2,095	1,310	785
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	2,045	1,345	695
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	5,915	3,855	2,060
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	76,475	68,340	8,145
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	105,285	68,745	36,545
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	50,120	31,390	18,725
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	141,535	66,885	74,650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	57,910	43,835	14,080
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	61,350	35,260	26,090
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	120,005	60,090	59,920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	39,935	22,060	17,880
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	175,685	98,535	77,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	4,085	1,760	2,330
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	78,885	42,905	35,985
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	110,275	38,130	72,150
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	143,250	32,215	111,035
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	34,995	18,395	16,600
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	106,910	51,155	55,755
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	67,390	25,505	41,880
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	53,395	24,710	28,680
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	1,361,375	697,365	664,005
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	101,275	52,165	49,115
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	9,045	5,800	3,240
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	156,250	108,040	48,210
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	1,094,805	531,360	563,445
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	1,094,800	531,360	563,445
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	884,040	405,530	478,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	208,165	124,305	83,855
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	2,605	1,520	1,080
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	1,251,055	639,405	611,650
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	575,260	348,270	226,990
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	57,170	21,245	35,925
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	463,005	192,300	270,705
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	107,665	49,540	58,125
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	34,355	21,245	13,110
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	13,605	6,800	6,805
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	1,251,055	639,400	611,655
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	152,755	74,720	78,035
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	354,570	183,060	171,510
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	359,230	189,620	169,610
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	181,675	90,685	90,990
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	202,830	101,320	101,510
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	1,251,055	639,400	611,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	56,235	38,495	17,740
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	162,435	96,815	65,620
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	305,355	146,795	158,560
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	335,840	156,755	179,085
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	200,780	97,300	103,480
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	190,410	103,240	87,165
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	1,559,535	792,290	767,240
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	1,522,980	774,885	748,100
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	1,476,170	749,750	726,425
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	1,469,910	747,820	722,090
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	6,255	1,925	4,330
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	46,810	25,135	21,675
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	10	0	10
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	10	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	46,805	25,130	21,675
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	1,030	620	405
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	95	40	50
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	20	10	10
Somali	220	80	145	80	35	40
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	930	580	350
Amharic	200	95	100	55	20	35
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	560	385	180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	85	75	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	160	60	100
Maltese	25	15	10	25	15	10
Tigrigna	135	70	60	40	20	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	1,055	460	595
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	40	25	15
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	1,020	435	585
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	635	235	400
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	580	215	365
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	1,090	550	540
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	20	10	15
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	1,060	540	520
Telugu	45	10	35	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	13,005	7,335	5,675
Albanian	350	220	125	145	80	70
Armenian	450	220	230	110	55	60
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	2,385	1,185	1,200
Baltic languages	95	35	60	30	10	25
Latvian	40	10	25	10	10	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	20	0	20
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	2,355	1,180	1,175
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	10	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	80	45	35
Croatian	220	130	95	45	30	20
Czech	70	40	30	10	0	10
Macedonian	95	45	55	25	15	10
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	500	270	230
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	1,110	520	590
Serbian	530	320	210	105	65	40
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	15	10	10
Slovak	100	60	40	45	30	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	400	175	225
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	245	100	145
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	10	0	10
Dutch	1,165	630	540	35	30	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	150	45	110
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	10	10	0
Swedish	125	55	70	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	10	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	275	150	125
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	2,775	1,645	1,130
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	1,375	730	645
Bengali	530	275	245	255	125	130
Gujarati	880	300	585	185	60	130
Hindi	1,405	755	650	180	110	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	30	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	410	230	175
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	10	0	10
Urdu	1,495	705	790	300	180	120
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	1,400	915	490
Kurdish	185	150	40	55	55	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	1,335	865	475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	7,070	4,125	2,940
Catalan	30	10	20	10	10	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	435	230	205
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	4,035	2,615	1,425
Romanian	745	365	380	90	40	50
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	2,490	1,235	1,250
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	10	0	10
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	605	185	415
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	10	10	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	10	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	2,700	1,390	1,305
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	60	30	30
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	15	0	20
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	20	10	10
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	10	10	0
Wolof	10	0	10	10	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	15	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	170	80	90
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	115	35	80
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	60	45	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	25,780	13,850	11,930
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	25,735	13,825	11,910
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	11,875	6,245	5,630
Hakka	70	25	45	10	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	13,210	7,270	5,940
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	100	60	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	520	230	285
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	45	25	20
Burmese	75	35	35	10	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	35	25	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	65	30	35
Lao	150	70	80	10	0	10
Thai	525	205	325	55	30	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	350	235	115
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	10	10	10
Turkish	685	435	255	335	220	115
Uyghur	15	15	0	10	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	255	110	140
Estonian	50	15	40	45	10	35
Finnish	105	40	65	30	10	25
Hungarian	435	225	215	175	90	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	36,550	17,410	19,145
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	8,130	3,340	4,785
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	27,800	13,775	14,025
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	35	15	25
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	585	285	305
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	1,559,535	792,295	767,240
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	1,428,870	727,740	701,130
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	22,480	10,985	11,500
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	27,840	12,335	15,500
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	77,850	40,035	37,820
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	105	25	85
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	77,740	40,005	37,735
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	55	35	25
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	445	225	220
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	1,975	920	1,050
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	20	15	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	2,663,555	1,281,735	1,381,820
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,075
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	379,490	186,750	192,740
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	253,780	124,200	129,580
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	125,710	62,555	63,165
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	65,770	32,410	33,360
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	49,990	24,575	25,415
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	15,780	7,835	7,945
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	59,940	30,135	29,810
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	2,556,120	1,226,455	1,329,665
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	1,516,110	718,935	797,170
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	1,040,010	507,515	532,495
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	639,060	310,250	328,815
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	400,955	197,265	203,690
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	184,120	89,710	94,410
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	141,135	68,975	72,160
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	42,985	20,735	22,250
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	216,830	107,555	109,275