Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Brampton, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Brampton, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Brampton, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	593,638	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	523,906r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	13.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	173,428	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	168,011	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	2,228.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	266.36	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	593,640	293,535	300,105
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	120,245	62,305	57,940
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	37,520	19,485	18,040
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	41,680	21,520	20,160
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	41,040	21,300	19,740
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	407,125	200,510	206,620
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	42,820	22,450	20,370
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	42,800	22,380	20,420
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	40,200	19,870	20,330
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	43,095	20,195	22,900
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	44,275	20,550	23,720
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	43,780	20,885	22,895
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	42,865	20,965	21,900
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	42,095	21,135	20,965
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	35,815	17,910	17,905
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	29,380	14,165	15,215
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	66,270	30,720	35,550
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	24,895	11,855	13,035
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	17,095	8,300	8,795
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	11,370	5,300	6,065
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	7,065	3,140	3,925
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	5,840	2,120	3,720
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	3,825	1,530	2,290
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	1,575	485	1,090
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	360	80	285
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	75	15	60
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	20.3	21.2	19.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	68.6	68.3	68.8
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	11.2	10.5	11.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.0	0.7	1.2
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	36.5	35.8	37.3
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	35.8	34.9	36.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	168,010	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	87,550	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	17,535	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	62,905	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	23,035	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	20,670	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	11,235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	7,945	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	168,010	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	20,820	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	34,495	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	31,210	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	39,420	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	42,060	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	590,945	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	3.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	473,395	231,230	242,165
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	281,360	140,610	140,750
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	262,150	131,025	131,125
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	19,210	9,590	9,630
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	192,035	90,620	101,420
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	139,855	74,635	65,220
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	11,990	4,600	7,390
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	19,960	7,420	12,535
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	20,230	3,960	16,270
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	164,525	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	56,460	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	39,955	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	47,710	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	20,395	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	164,525	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	135,955	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	126,360	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	9,600	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	28,565	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	23,475	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	5,090	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	135,960	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	41,360	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	94,600	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	31,035	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	44,440	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	19,125	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	28,565	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	15,100	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	8,920	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	4,545	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	59,490	27,955	31,535
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	168,010	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	123,170	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	25,755	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	97,415	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	19,475	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	25,365	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	20,820	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	4,545	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	591,670	292,690	298,975
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	532,650	268,950	263,690
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	500	215	280
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	30,200	13,075	17,120
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	28,325	10,445	17,880
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	591,670	292,690	298,980
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	554,455	278,140	276,315
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	4,935	2,285	2,650
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	4,350	2,010	2,335
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	27,935	10,260	17,680
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	7,105	3,290	3,820
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.2	1.1	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	591,670	292,690	298,980
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	560,895	277,335	283,565
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	289,355	143,270	146,080
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	284,920	141,210	143,710
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	4,430	2,060	2,375
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	271,545	134,065	137,480
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	25	10	10
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	10	5	5
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	5	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	0	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	5
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	271,520	134,055	137,465
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	8,195	4,155	4,045
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	5	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	640	300	335
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	55	25	25
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	580	270	305
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	5	5
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	7,475	3,815	3,665
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	265	140	125
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	4,205	2,170	2,035
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	1,890	945	940
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	335	155	175
Harari	1,320	635	685	35	25	20
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	25	20	10
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	455	230	220
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	115	50	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	150	75	70
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	80	30	45
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	4,845	2,295	2,550
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	215	90	120
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	4,615	2,195	2,415
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	20	10	10
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	11,885	5,085	6,800
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	40	20	20
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	415	190	230
Fijian	745	400	345	10	0	5
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	100	45	55
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	500	210	295
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	5	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	190	80	110
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	160	80	80
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	35	15	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	10,345	4,400	5,945
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	30	10	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	55	25	25
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	760	380	380
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	435	225	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	315	150	165
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	17,170	8,435	8,740
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	360	175	185
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	2,635	1,310	1,320
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	12,695	6,195	6,500
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	1,445	740	705
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	40	25	20
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	214,370	107,020	107,350
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	265	130	135
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	200	100	100
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	8,665	4,125	4,540
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	80	45	30
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	45	30	15
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	35	20	15
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	8,590	4,080	4,505
Belarusan	810	385	430	10	5	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	175	95	80
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	145	80	65
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	1,090	540	545
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	235	115	115
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	315	150	160
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	4,595	2,170	2,425
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	675	295	385
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	500	250	250
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	65	30	35
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	200	90	110
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	160	75	85
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	425	185	240
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	5	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	30	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	15	5	10
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	5	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	2,550	1,105	1,445
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	25	10	15
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	90	40	50
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	915	370	545
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	35	10	25
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	1,425	655	770
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	10	5	10
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	30	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	20	10	15
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	745	370	380
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	172,600	87,030	85,565
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	168,560	84,980	83,580
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	2,615	1,300	1,315
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	16,750	8,370	8,380
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	14,070	6,945	7,125
Kashmiri	565	300	265	50	25	25
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	270	125	145
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	675	340	340
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	1,090	540	545
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	65	35	35
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	110,715	56,165	54,545
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	540	270	270
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	1,530	750	775
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	20,200	10,115	10,085
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	3,790	1,935	1,855
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	105	65	40
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	670	330	340
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	3,015	1,540	1,475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	245	115	130
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	29,310	14,140	15,170
Catalan	865	440	425	0	5	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	6,975	3,530	3,445
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	10,590	5,140	5,450
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	590	265	330
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	11,140	5,205	5,930
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	10	10	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	135	50	85
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	395	185	215
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	5	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	5,190	2,450	2,735
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	2,670	1,265	1,405
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	195	80	115
Ewe	1,760	950	805	55	25	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	10	5	5
Ga	920	445	470	115	45	65
Ganda	1,295	625	665	55	25	25
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	345	175	170
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	35	20	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	30	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	30	15	20
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	70	35	35
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	305	140	165
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	10	5	5
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	855	420	435
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	410	195	220
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	20	10	10
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	15	10	5
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	110	60	55
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	80	40	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	6,505	3,010	3,495
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	6,330	2,920	3,420
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	3,290	1,520	1,770
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	155	75	90
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	2,335	1,070	1,265
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	300	140	160
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	60	30	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	180	80	100
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	175	95	80
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	85	45	40
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	10	5	5
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	65	35	25
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	560	250	310
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	485	230	260
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	70	20	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	0	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	470	250	220
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	15	5	10
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	440	240	200
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	5	0	5
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	760	355	400
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	55	25	35
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	55	30	25
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	650	305	340
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	140	70	70
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	30,770	15,360	15,415
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	1,165	515	650
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	28,550	14,380	14,170
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	405	170	240
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	650	295	355
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	591,670	292,690	298,975
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	512,270	252,805	259,460
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	347,640	171,585	176,055
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	345,390	170,530	174,865
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	2,255	1,055	1,195
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	164,630	81,220	83,405
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	15	10	5
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	5	5	5
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	5	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	5	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	5	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	5	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	5	5	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	164,610	81,215	83,400
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	4,000	1,970	2,030
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	260	120	130
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	20	10	10
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	240	115	125
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	3,705	1,830	1,870
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	95	45	45
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	2,060	1,020	1,035
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	1,120	545	570
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	165	80	80
Harari	735	335	400	10	5	5
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	5	5	5
Maltese	1,130	525	605	100	50	55
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	50	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	90	50	45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	3,240	1,535	1,705
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	125	55	65
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	3,100	1,470	1,630
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	4,725	2,195	2,530
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	165	80	85
Fijian	195	105	90	0	5	5
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	20	10	10
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	175	80	90
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	50	25	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	55	30	25
Pangasinan	240	110	135	10	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	4,240	1,955	2,280
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	10	5	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	420	215	210
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	270	140	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	150	75	80
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	11,005	5,350	5,650
Kannada	1,630	825	800	180	90	90
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	1,395	690	705
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	8,535	4,115	4,420
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	875	440	425
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	20	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	133,770	66,450	67,320
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	110	50	55
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	85	40	45
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	3,980	1,940	2,040
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	15	5	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	5	5	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	5	0	5
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	3,965	1,935	2,030
Belarusan	230	105	120	5	0	5
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	90	45	45
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	85	40	40
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	375	190	190
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	90	45	45
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	110	50	60
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	2,340	1,140	1,200
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	395	195	200
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	225	110	115
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	30	15	15
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	60	25	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	35	15	20
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	125	55	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	5	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	205	85	120
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	5	5	0
Danish	855	410	445	5	5	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	65	20	40
Frisian	185	95	90	5	0	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	125	60	70
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	200	85	110
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	116,945	58,445	58,500
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	114,550	57,260	57,285
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	1,630	785	845
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	10,695	5,240	5,455
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	7,355	3,575	3,780
Kashmiri	135	70	70	10	5	5
Konkani	720	355	370	55	25	30
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	350	185	165
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	720	370	355
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	40	20	25
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	79,705	40,160	39,545
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	285	145	145
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	745	360	380
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	12,950	6,390	6,565
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	2,290	1,135	1,155
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	45	25	20
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	415	210	210
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	1,825	905	920
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	110	45	60
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	12,255	5,805	6,450
Catalan	355	165	190	5	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	1,795	835	965
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	4,350	2,090	2,255
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	220	110	115
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	5,875	2,770	3,105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	0	5
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	65	35	35
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	245	115	130
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	5	5	5
Mongolian	910	435	470	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	1,860	850	1,010
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	1,145	515	630
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	35	15	25
Ewe	410	185	225	10	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	30	15	15
Ganda	345	160	185	25	15	10
Igbo	1,000	485	510	90	50	45
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	15	5	5
Shona	1,035	475	560	30	20	15
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	60	25	35
Wolof	1,380	745	635	5	0	5
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	315	140	175
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	90	45	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	5	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	5	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	175	100	70
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	55	30	25
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	120	75	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	4,275	1,995	2,280
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	4,200	1,955	2,245
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	2,130	975	1,150
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	70	30	35
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	1,710	810	900
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	140	65	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	50	25	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	100	45	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	80	45	35
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	55	35	25
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	5	5	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	260	120	145
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	235	105	125
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	280	150	135
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	10	5	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	265	145	125
Uyghur	610	315	290	5	0	5
Uzbek	990	505	490	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	235	115	120
Estonian	975	365	610	10	5	5
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	10	5	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	215	105	110
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	55	30	25
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	79,400	39,885	39,515
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	1,275	575	705
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	76,670	38,655	38,015
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	195	90	105
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	1,255	570	685
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	591,670	292,690	298,980
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	445,160	219,095	226,065
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	68,235	35,345	32,890
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	3,520	1,495	2,020
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	72,140	35,435	36,705
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	72,125	35,430	36,700
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	315	145	170
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	1,720	930	800
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	555	240	320
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	20	5	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	470,765	230,070	240,695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	440,925	215,975	224,955
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	29,092	33,632	25,411
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	440,980	215,980	224,995
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	27,086	30,850	24,120
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	383,575	195,185	188,390
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	29,961	35,025	25,105
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	323,280	141,155	182,125
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	2,217	863	4,117
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	343,015	178,030	164,980
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	31,399	35,851	27,615
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	470,770	230,010	240,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	441,165	215,930	225,240
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	37,647	42,731	32,774
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	441,240	215,940	225,300
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	32,380	36,093	28,821
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	383,730	195,130	188,605
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	38,154	43,768	32,346
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	322,605	140,435	182,165
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,100	4,887	7,034
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	343,010	177,985	165,025
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	38,983	43,980	33,592
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	470,765	230,010	240,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	161,100	91,995	69,105
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	48,741	52,949	44,507
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	55,518	59,617	50,061
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	88.2	92.6	82.6
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	80.6	84.7	75.4
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	11.8	7.4	17.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	470,765	230,075	240,690
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	29,835	14,095	15,740
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	440,925	215,980	224,955
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	93.7	93.9	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	80,940	35,630	45,310
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	83,545	35,795	47,750
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	60,650	27,335	33,315
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	51,510	24,085	27,425
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	44,575	21,120	23,455
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	33,955	17,965	15,995
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	24,840	14,460	10,380
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	18,030	11,250	6,780
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	12,970	8,265	4,705
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	10,010	6,010	4,005
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	19,900	14,065	5,840
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	15,310	10,610	4,700
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	4,590	3,455	1,135
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	470,770	230,070	240,695
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	29,790	14,085	15,700
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	440,980	215,980	224,995
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	93.7	93.9	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	81,640	35,870	45,770
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	87,195	37,655	49,545
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	70,265	31,885	38,375
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	60,935	28,855	32,080
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	50,480	25,705	24,775
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	33,910	19,585	14,325
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	21,890	13,660	8,230
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	14,705	8,975	5,725
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	19,965	13,790	6,175
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	8,220	5,265	2,950
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	4,375	3,105	1,270
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	7,370	5,420	1,950
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	470,765	230,070	240,690
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	127,755	52,035	75,715
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	343,015	178,035	164,975
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	72.9	77.4	68.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	40,180	18,440	21,740
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	29,815	12,785	17,030
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	51,830	25,290	26,540
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	43,035	20,900	22,135
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	40,180	19,160	21,025
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	35,910	17,600	18,310
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	28,250	15,695	12,555
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	20,810	12,775	8,035
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	15,705	10,120	5,590
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	37,290	25,275	12,015
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	11,460	7,455	4,010
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	9,025	5,480	3,545
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	16,810	12,340	4,470
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	168,010	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	87,290	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	77,156	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	20,820	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	41,735	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	36,871	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	147,190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	94,516	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	83,547	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	168,010	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	98,855	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	85,038	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	20,855	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	49,524	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	41,254	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	147,160	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	105,846	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	91,243	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	168,010	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	1,445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	1,150	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,955	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	3,015	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	3,670	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	4,010	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	4,725	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	5,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	5,800	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	6,050	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	12,550	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	12,920	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	12,560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	12,140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	11,625	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	69,070	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	23,870	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	17,280	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	17,635	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	10,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	168,010	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	1,520	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	1,155	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,995	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	3,130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	4,040	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	4,435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	5,410	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	6,275	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	7,030	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	7,355	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	15,590	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	15,220	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	15,070	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	14,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	12,610	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	53,110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	23,515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	14,060	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	15,535	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	145,820	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	92,283	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	81,739	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	25,015	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	78,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	68,730	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	93,055	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	103,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	91,498	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	22,630	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	63,047	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	57,552	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	145,730	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	103,835	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	89,470	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	25,120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	89,336	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	74,906	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	92,960	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	115,352	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	99,479	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	22,500	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	70,849	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	63,036	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	36,205	19,405	16,795
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	32,941	34,749	30,886
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	30,056	31,550	28,496
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	36,135	19,560	16,575
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	40,865	42,186	39,307
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	34,558	35,297	33,686
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	590,950	292,350	298,600
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	308,210	150,740	157,475
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	42,680	21,245	21,435
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	58,100	27,970	30,130
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	66,905	32,420	34,480
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	70,305	34,490	35,810
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	70,220	34,605	35,610
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	282,740	141,610	141,125
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	68,310	33,885	34,430
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	65,575	32,580	32,995
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	60,805	30,490	30,315
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	54,730	27,620	27,115
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	33,315	17,040	16,275
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	590,950	292,350	298,600
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	145,185	75,230	69,960
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	45,390	23,520	21,870
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	381,250	186,915	194,330
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	64,515	30,205	34,310
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	66,960	32,415	34,545
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	23,395	12,195	11,200
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	7,885	4,125	3,760
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	37,915	17,920	19,995
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	5,650	2,305	3,345
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	11.3	11.1	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	16.1	16.2	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	17.4	17.5	17.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	9.9	9.6	10.3
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	8.8	7.6	9.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	52,685	26,065	26,615
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	16,890	8,820	8,075
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	5,810	3,050	2,760
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	32,175	15,860	16,310
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	3,620	1,385	2,235
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.9	8.9	8.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	11.6	11.7	11.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	12.8	13.0	12.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	8.4	8.5	8.4
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	5.6	4.6	6.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	590,945	292,350	298,595
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	562,640	281,825	280,815
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	562,260	281,685	280,580
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	30,535	13,205	17,330
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	341,190	168,870	172,315
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	55	25	30
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	45	20	25
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	20	15	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	15	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	20	10	10
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	20	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	10	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	10	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	341,140	168,850	172,285
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	11,305	5,735	5,565
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	15	10	10
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	20	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	955	425	535
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	70	25	45
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	890	400	485
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	10,265	5,275	4,990
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	605	285	320
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	7,300	3,825	3,475
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	2,265	1,130	1,135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	385	175	210
Harari	1,710	855	860	90	50	45
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	95	55	40
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	550	265	285
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	230	105	125
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	190	95	90
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	170	65	105
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	6,210	2,850	3,360
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	240	75	165
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	5,965	2,780	3,185
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	30	0	25
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	15,005	6,440	8,560
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	45	20	20
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	660	290	370
Fijian	1,660	955	705	10	10	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	130	45	85
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	720	255	460
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	485	225	260
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	185	75	110
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	40	20	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	14,180	6,100	8,085
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	65	30	30
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	2,450	1,120	1,335
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	70	40	30
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	1,015	490	525
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	1,370	590	785
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	22,995	11,425	11,570
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	765	375	395
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	3,360	1,700	1,655
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	17,580	8,720	8,860
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	2,190	1,130	1,055
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	65	40	35
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	10	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	268,395	134,505	133,890
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	375	180	200
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	365	170	195
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	10,140	4,890	5,245
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	120	50	70
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	45	15	30
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	75	35	35
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	10,035	4,840	5,195
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	20	10	15
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	300	155	150
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	145	75	70
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	1,460	735	725
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	260	135	125
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	440	195	245
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	5,210	2,540	2,675
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	1,240	595	645
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	645	340	305
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	90	45	45
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	230	95	140
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	240	100	140
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	645	265	380
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	20	10	10
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	40	20	20
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	20	0	15
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	20	15	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	3,730	1,740	1,990
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	120	50	70
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	120	75	45
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	1,045	430	615
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	35	10	25
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	2,365	1,145	1,220
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	10	10	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	50	30	20
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	70	35	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	20	0	15
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	995	510	490
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	214,065	108,340	105,725
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	210,255	106,470	103,785
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	3,215	1,585	1,630
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	21,885	10,975	10,910
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	67,515	33,875	33,645
Kashmiri	905	490	420	145	70	75
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	545	260	285
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	1,410	730	685
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	1,260	650	620
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	80	45	40
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	141,995	72,660	69,340
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	765	370	395
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	2,410	1,225	1,190
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	32,075	16,185	15,890
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	4,365	2,140	2,225
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	130	75	50
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	970	490	475
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	3,550	1,730	1,815
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	635	305	330
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	39,975	19,325	20,650
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	10	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	10,125	5,175	4,950
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	13,940	6,800	7,145
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	760	350	410
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	16,385	7,600	8,785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	30	20	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	360	155	200
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	380	140	235
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	9,730	4,665	5,065
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	4,075	1,910	2,165
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	20	10	15
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	415	190	225
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	60	30	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	60	35	20
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	310	175	140
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	70	30	40
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	615	320	295
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	285	125	160
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	55	25	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	115	45	70
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	110	45	70
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	1,085	555	530
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	40	25	15
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	2,155	1,040	1,110
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	810	420	395
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	25	15	15
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	25	15	10
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	515	265	255
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	220	100	125
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	295	160	130
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	8,085	3,855	4,230
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	7,860	3,720	4,135
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	4,330	2,035	2,300
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	180	75	100
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	3,695	1,720	1,980
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	385	210	175
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	105	45	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	220	105	115
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	235	135	105
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	65	30	35
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	60	35	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	115	65	45
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	800	410	390
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	715	365	355
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	160	85	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	695	365	330
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	15	10	10
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	670	360	315
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	10
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	940	445	500
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	60	20	40
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	65	35	30
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	815	385	430
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	385	220	165
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	590,950	292,350	298,600
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	508,835	252,265	256,565
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	136,500	70,815	65,685
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	372,330	181,455	190,880
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	82,115	40,080	42,030
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	590,950	292,350	298,600
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	272,365	137,915	134,450
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	308,790	149,070	159,725
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	49,655	23,480	26,175
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	41,145	20,155	20,990
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	77,800	37,590	40,210
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	100,280	48,550	51,735
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	53,115	25,660	27,445
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	47,165	22,885	24,280
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	39,915	19,295	20,620
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	9,790	5,365	4,425
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	308,790	149,070	159,725
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	24,250	12,585	11,665
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	46,360	23,365	22,995
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	77,995	33,925	44,070
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	121,350	61,675	59,680
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	38,840	17,520	21,320
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	308,795	149,070	159,720
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	61,640	27,580	34,055
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	390	125	265
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	1,050	475	580
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	1,425	720	705
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	13,855	6,460	7,395
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	285	180	105
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	23,215	9,905	13,315
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	510	205	310
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	610	255	360
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	7,695	3,475	4,220
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	2,990	1,420	1,570
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	9,605	4,375	5,235
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	35,160	17,005	18,155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	445	245	200
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	765	340	420
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	345	125	215
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	1,280	665	620
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	560	285	270
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	410	175	235
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	420	200	215
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	4,945	2,650	2,295
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	805	330	470
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	3,615	1,715	1,900
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	8,450	4,270	4,180
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	635	305	330
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	375	140	240
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	365	205	160
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	405	165	235
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	8,675	3,870	4,805
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	2,670	1,315	1,355
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	16,065	7,830	8,230
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	65	35	30
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	935	445	490
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	510	255	250
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	1,515	760	755
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	105	55	50
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	3,990	1,955	2,040
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	545	245	295
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	485	240	245
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	7,915	3,840	4,075
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	195,235	96,335	98,900
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	2,480	1,160	1,320
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	1,770	870	905
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	2,900	1,310	1,590
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	870	420	445
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	123,660	61,730	61,935
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	595	345	250
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	3,355	1,760	1,595
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	130	45	85
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	285	120	165
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	705	370	335
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	19,255	9,750	9,505
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	14,530	6,345	8,185
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	12,005	5,965	6,040
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	270	135	140
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	220	85	135
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	4,975	2,355	2,625
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	7,230	3,585	3,645
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	695	310	385
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	39,915	19,295	20,620
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	4,945	2,445	2,500
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	75	25	50
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	160	60	105
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	105	45	60
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	90	55	35
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	2,025	1,060	965
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	110	45	60
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	675	350	325
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	1,675	790	885
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	915	445	480
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	40	15	25
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	40	25	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	20	10	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	15	10	10
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	10	0	15
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	40	15	30
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	40	15	25
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	245	115	135
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	460	240	220
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	2,455	1,205	1,250
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	10	10	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	125	70	55
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	90	35	50
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	35	15	20
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	195	90	105
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	15	10	10
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	30	10	25
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	20	0	20
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	975	480	490
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	40	20	15
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	20	15	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	895	440	455
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	31,505	15,160	16,345
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	370	150	225
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	230	120	110
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	310	110	200
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	15	10	15
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	22,390	10,945	11,445
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	95	60	35
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	435	235	195
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	15	10	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	15	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	10	10	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	50	35	20
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	410	190	215
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	2,930	1,405	1,520
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	2,220	945	1,280
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	100	30	65
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	1,030	490	535
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	55	20	30
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	10	10	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	30	25	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	215	110	110
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	260	105	155
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	320	165	155
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	95	45	45
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	80	45	30
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	15	0	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	590,950	292,350	298,600
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	320,330	155,315	165,010
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	189,190	96,530	92,665
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	81,430	40,505	40,920
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	263,225	127,545	135,680
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	100,360	52,610	47,750
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	39,475	27,795	11,680
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	60,885	24,815	36,070
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	130,455	57,060	73,395
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	30,050	16,695	13,355
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	2,360	1,175	1,190
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	590,945	292,350	298,600
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	4,330	1,950	2,375
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	3,985	1,785	2,205
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	2,630	1,200	1,435
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	1,255	545	705
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	100	35	60
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	180	65	120
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	160	105	55
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	586,620	290,395	296,220
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	590,945	292,350	298,600
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,120	530	595
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	589,825	291,820	298,005
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	590,950	292,350	298,600
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	720	280	445
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	705	270	435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	625	235	390
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	75	30	50
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	15	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	5,540	2,620	2,920
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	5,375	2,540	2,840
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	4,285	1,980	2,305
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	960	495	470
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	130	65	70
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	165	85	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	85	45	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	55	25	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	584,685	289,450	295,235
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	590,950	292,350	298,600
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	433,230	213,870	219,360
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	261,705	132,735	128,970
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	8,955	4,420	4,540
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	82,175	38,325	43,850
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	20,100	9,145	10,960
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	14,045	6,710	7,335
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	6,045	3,090	2,955
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	8,425	4,035	4,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	5,275	2,615	2,660
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	430	180	250
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	530	255	280
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	15,950	7,555	8,395
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	9,585	4,800	4,790
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	157,720	78,480	79,240
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	590,945	292,345	298,600
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	6,260	2,905	3,360
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	5,070	2,300	2,765
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	230	115	120
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	1,145	580	560
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	66,270	33,295	32,975
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	245	125	115
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	2,710	1,300	1,410
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	63,795	32,095	31,700
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	20	10	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	435	245	190
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	55	25	25
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	50	35	15
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	110	60	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	35	30	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	159,625	78,445	81,180
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	78,205	38,075	40,135
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	20	10	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	10	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	43,970	21,490	22,480
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	31,225	14,985	16,235
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	25	15	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	30,360	14,500	15,855
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	3,105	1,600	1,505
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	5,855	2,665	3,190
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	15,120	7,305	7,815
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	10	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	15,115	7,300	7,815
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	21,590	10,455	11,130
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,215	570	650
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	475	210	265
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	6,410	3,050	3,360
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	30	15	15
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	55	30	25
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	14,190	6,965	7,225
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	10	0	10
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	640	310	330
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	2,785	1,425	1,365
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	680	345	330
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	580	305	280
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	110	55	55
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	615	315	295
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	830	395	435
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	150	60	85
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	20,105	9,915	10,190
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	305	190	115
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	100	45	55
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	670	385	285
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	265	135	135
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	160	65	95
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	2,465	1,255	1,215
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	210	110	105
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	340	210	130
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	45	20	20
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	9,790	4,745	5,045
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	1,350	630	725
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	1,755	815	940
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	495	230	260
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	4,705	2,290	2,420
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	50	20	25
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	64,495	32,465	32,030
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	525	280	250
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	470	230	240
Catalan	1,280	740	535	30	10	20
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	2,355	1,245	1,105
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	80	35	45
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	2,515	1,325	1,195
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	25,185	13,165	12,020
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	15	0	10
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	830	390	440
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	1,995	1,050	945
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	45	25	25
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	24,500	12,095	12,405
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	870	430	450
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	85	50	35
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	545	265	280
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	8,905	4,195	4,710
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	310	150	160
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	20	10	10
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	1,215	575	640
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	60	35	30
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	590	255	335
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	25	0	20
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	30	15	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	505	265	245
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	68,595	31,230	37,360
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	335	180	155
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	115	55	60
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	2,385	1,060	1,330
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	10	0	10
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	335	115	220
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	990	440	550
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	650	280	375
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	2,090	975	1,115
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	500	265	235
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	45,915	20,765	25,150
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	235	100	135
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	70	40	25
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	65	25	40
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	660	325	335
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	7,775	3,685	4,090
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	1,560	660	910
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	10,190	4,490	5,695
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	1,645	810	835
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	26,040	12,215	13,830
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	620	330	290
Arawak	1,440	610	830	85	40	45
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	1,005	420	585
Belizean	1,755	915	845	30	15	15
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	160	75	80
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	680	290	390
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	1,265	540	720
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	1,670	795	875
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	210	95	120
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	2,225	1,120	1,110
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	1,155	585	570
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	11,205	5,280	5,925
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	355	130	225
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	290	120	170
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	90	45	45
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	980	440	540
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	280	135	150
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	260	135	120
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	40	15	25
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	1,020	455	560
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	2,085	1,055	1,035
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	610	310	300
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	405	175	225
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,130	520	610
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	32,140	15,895	16,250
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	13,225	6,650	6,575
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	140	70	65
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	90	60	30
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	395	225	175
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	40	25	15
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	40	20	25
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	385	205	180
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	490	240	255
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	180	90	85
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	10
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	10	0	10
Gambian	975	495	475	55	35	20
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	5,895	2,925	2,970
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	25	20	10
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	295	155	145
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	60	20	40
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	55	15	35
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	25	10	15
Malinké	1,125	585	535	20	15	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	4,445	2,260	2,185
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	45	25	20
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	100	45	45
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	25	20	10
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	835	395	440
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	525	250	275
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	2,245	1,155	1,090
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	135	80	60
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	60	45	15
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	45	30	15
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	1,525	755	770
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	70	35	35
Maure	1,190	655	535	45	25	20
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	250	150	100
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	185	90	100
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	15	15	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	60	25	35
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	4,875	2,460	2,415
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	10	10	10
Amhara	1,530	815	715	35	20	15
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	40	20	20
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	50	25	20
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	20	0	15
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	300	145	155
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	870	415	455
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	565	285	280
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	15	0	15
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	440	245	200
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	40	20	20
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	165	65	100
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	20	10	10
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	1,340	660	685
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	425	240	185
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	80	45	35
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	40	20	20
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	140	75	65
Zambian	1,860	935	920	65	25	35
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	150	70	75
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	345	165	175
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	12,490	5,995	6,495
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	1,475	620	850
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	11,195	5,455	5,735
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	323,165	161,875	161,290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	16,825	8,400	8,430
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	3,890	1,890	2,005
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	1,350	675	680
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	650	330	320
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	1,375	735	640
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	50	15	35
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	10	10	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	1,535	820	710
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	3,140	1,625	1,510
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	170	80	85
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	255	130	125
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	145	85	55
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	1,595	805	795
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	860	435	425
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	270	140	125
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	95	40	55
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	1,040	400	640
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	80	25	55
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	15	0	10
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	985	450	540
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	40	25	20
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	30	15	15
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	105	45	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	670	360	310
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	263,445	133,295	130,150
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	1,370	655	715
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	820	420	400
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	15	10	10
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	197,360	99,905	97,460
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	345	155	190
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	1,330	735	595
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	230	105	130
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	1,180	590	590
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	20,385	10,235	10,150
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	29,465	15,245	14,225
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	720	340	380
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	13,735	6,755	6,980
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	4,660	2,345	2,320
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	10,615	5,360	5,250
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	44,650	20,980	23,675
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	215	85	135
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	405	165	245
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	15,195	7,415	7,780
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	22,080	10,105	11,980
Hmong	805	420	390	20	15	10
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	305	140	165
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	915	430	485
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	30	15	15
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	550	230	315
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	980	485	495
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	295	135	160
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	55	20	40
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	100	40	55
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	70	25	50
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	340	145	200
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	90	50	30
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	6,775	3,280	3,505
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	680	295	380
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	2,060	1,035	1,025
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	2,060	1,035	1,025
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	505	250	255
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	110	65	50
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	65	35	30
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	340	155	180
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	295	130	170
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	10	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	30	20	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	168,010	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	134,400	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	33,610	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	168,010	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	16,215	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	151,795	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	168,010	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	285	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	10,255	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	18,490	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	57,535	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	81,445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	168,015	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	30,540	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	25,200	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	29,645	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	27,540	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	55,080	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	168,015	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	158,050	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	9,960	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	168,010	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	150,430	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	17,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	168,015	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	7,615	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	36,765	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	25,340	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	25,355	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	29,250	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	22,440	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	21,245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	168,010	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	161,995	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	6,020	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	168,010	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	80,255	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	76,435	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	11,330	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	168,010	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,815	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	20,130	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	40,000	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	45,675	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	32,675	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	17,895	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	7,425	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	2,385	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	167,930	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	111,485	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	56,445	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	51,155	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	134,390	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	79.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	31.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,897	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,869	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	524,947	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	570,344	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	33,610	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	12.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	43.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,203	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,225	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	470,765	230,010	240,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	93,770	44,800	48,970
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	142,640	72,140	70,505
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	234,355	113,070	121,285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	22,105	15,200	6,900
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	12,475	7,815	4,660
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	9,630	7,385	2,240
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	86,315	38,040	48,275
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	11,735	5,700	6,040
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	114,205	54,135	60,065
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	78,560	36,755	41,810
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	7,210	3,475	3,735
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	2,525	1,230	1,295
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	24,425	11,830	12,595
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	1,480	850	630
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	320,695	155,215	165,480
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	42,505	21,325	21,180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	87,835	44,070	43,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	190,355	89,825	100,535
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	16,260	11,120	5,145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	9,295	5,760	3,540
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	6,965	5,360	1,610
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	68,265	29,205	39,060
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	8,890	4,270	4,625
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	96,940	45,230	51,705
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	65,090	30,170	34,920
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	6,095	2,830	3,265
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	2,235	1,030	1,205
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	22,300	10,560	11,745
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	1,220	645	580
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	470,770	230,010	240,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	236,410	116,940	119,470
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	10,590	2,045	8,535
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	10,585	2,050	8,540
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	6,080	2,885	3,190
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	1,100	810	290
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	4,980	2,075	2,905
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	18,380	6,360	12,020
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	1,575	385	1,185
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	3,220	790	2,425
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	10,365	3,675	6,690
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	20	15	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	635	300	335
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	640	440	200
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	1,660	730	930
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	265	30	240
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	26,685	8,070	18,615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	220	20	200
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	1,815	645	1,165
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	5,375	520	4,855
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	4,865	1,700	3,170
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	430	90	340
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	3,520	650	2,870
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	10,465	4,450	6,020
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	57,340	24,655	32,685
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	170	70	100
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	3,765	715	3,055
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	53,395	23,870	29,530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	12,335	5,690	6,645
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	4,385	1,540	2,845
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	4,180	1,970	2,215
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	95	30	70
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	3,120	1,985	1,135
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	555	175	380
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	14,475	9,390	5,080
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	12,260	8,270	3,995
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	205	20	190
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	1,880	1,010	870
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	135	95	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	45,325	41,130	4,195
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	1,290	895	395
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	16,195	13,685	2,510
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	9,495	8,585	915
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	5,780	5,700	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	8,110	7,875	230
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	4,460	4,390	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	2,345	1,490	860
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	1,690	1,140	550
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	660	350	310
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	29,235	5,760	23,480
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	1,775	1,000	780
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	27,020	4,550	22,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	435	210	225
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	11,555	5,585	5,970
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	6,150	1,510	4,640
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	55	50	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	3,550	2,390	1,165
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	1,785	1,620	160
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	15	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	320,695	155,210	165,480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	130,335	65,390	64,945
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	8,005	1,410	6,595
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	8,005	1,410	6,590
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	4,570	2,115	2,450
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	780	590	195
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	3,790	1,530	2,260
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	15,350	5,000	10,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	1,330	310	1,020
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	2,630	590	2,040
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	8,830	2,930	5,900
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	15	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	505	220	285
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	495	340	155
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	1,335	585	755
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	205	20	185
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	21,155	6,225	14,930
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	180	15	160
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	1,345	475	870
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	4,125	385	3,740
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	4,035	1,285	2,750
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	325	80	245
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	2,715	490	2,220
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	8,435	3,490	4,950
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	48,495	20,345	28,150
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	135	55	85
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	3,040	545	2,495
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	45,320	19,740	25,575
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	9,850	4,400	5,445
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	3,420	1,155	2,265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	3,320	1,515	1,815
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	80	20	60
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	2,600	1,590	1,010
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	425	125	300
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	13,100	8,475	4,630
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	11,240	7,590	3,645
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	150	10	135
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	1,595	785	815
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	120	90	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	35,625	32,010	3,615
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	1,060	730	330
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	13,680	11,435	2,245
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	7,175	6,415	760
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	4,290	4,230	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	6,110	5,940	170
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	3,310	3,260	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,855	1,165	685
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,330	875	455
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	520	290	235
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	23,695	4,555	19,135
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	1,165	610	560
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	22,135	3,765	18,370
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	395	185	210
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	8,650	4,115	4,535
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	4,730	1,160	3,570
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	2,470	1,630	835
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	1,405	1,285	120
Other	2,590	745	1,845	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	470,765	230,010	240,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	236,415	116,940	119,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	234,350	113,070	121,280
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	140,720	65,250	75,480
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	133,600	61,765	71,835
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	7,125	3,480	3,640
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	93,630	47,825	45,805
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	4,530	2,470	2,060
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	6,725	2,730	4,000
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	49,045	24,885	24,155
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	4,340	2,575	1,770
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	1,125	515	605
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	220	135	80
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	27,655	14,520	13,130
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	320,690	155,215	165,480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	130,335	65,390	64,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	190,355	89,820	100,535
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	110,425	50,265	60,160
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	104,725	47,475	57,255
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	5,695	2,790	2,910
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	79,935	39,560	40,375
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	3,925	2,100	1,825
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	5,755	2,305	3,450
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	43,250	21,255	21,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	2,695	1,495	1,195
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	1,000	445	555
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	190	110	80
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	23,115	11,845	11,270
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	470,765	230,015	240,755
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	319,620	169,320	150,300
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	293,075	157,040	136,030
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	26,545	12,280	14,270
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	151,145	60,695	90,450
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	67.9	73.6	62.4
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	62.3	68.3	56.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.3	7.3	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	470,765	230,010	240,750
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	149,870	60,075	89,795
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	320,890	169,935	150,960
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	164,920	94,430	70,490
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	155,965	75,505	80,465
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.5	43.4	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	319,620	169,315	150,305
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	9,185	3,780	5,405
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	310,435	165,540	144,895
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	277,180	140,870	136,315
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	33,255	24,670	8,585
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	319,620	169,320	150,300
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	9,185	3,780	5,405
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	310,435	165,540	144,895
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	25,700	15,905	9,790
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	54,715	19,170	35,545
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	21,550	16,955	4,595
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	15,185	2,515	12,665
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	24,090	6,150	17,945
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	5,610	2,745	2,865
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	70,400	29,060	41,345
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	61,145	55,000	6,145
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	1,980	1,545	435
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	30,060	16,495	13,565
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	319,620	169,320	150,300
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	9,185	3,780	5,405
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	310,435	165,540	144,895
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	730	425	305
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	245	145	100
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	975	725	250
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	17,840	15,315	2,525
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	45,780	29,380	16,400
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	17,065	9,945	7,120
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	36,020	17,005	19,010
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	40,770	30,055	10,710
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	6,555	3,820	2,730
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	16,530	7,210	9,325
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	5,980	3,325	2,655
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	20,140	11,355	8,785
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	555	175	380
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	19,235	10,280	8,955
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	15,785	4,030	11,755
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	24,460	3,640	20,820
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	3,445	1,785	1,660
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	16,935	6,225	10,710
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	11,110	5,745	5,370
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	10,280	4,950	5,330
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	293,070	157,040	136,035
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	12,615	6,505	6,115
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	1,575	1,175	400
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	39,055	29,175	9,880
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	239,830	120,195	119,635
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	239,830	120,190	119,635
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	86,760	39,675	47,090
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	73,475	37,005	36,470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	79,100	43,180	35,915
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	500	330	160
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	278,880	149,365	129,515
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	211,650	122,165	89,490
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	20,685	7,375	13,310
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	38,925	16,360	22,565
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	4,585	1,880	2,705
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	725	570	155
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	2,310	1,020	1,295
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	278,885	149,365	129,515
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	35,545	15,865	19,680
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	91,125	48,750	42,380
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	75,385	43,120	32,255
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	32,340	17,695	14,635
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	44,495	23,930	20,560
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	278,880	149,365	129,520
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	25,000	17,440	7,560
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	53,695	31,290	22,400
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	63,410	30,740	32,670
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	46,060	21,345	24,715
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	33,540	16,365	17,180
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	57,175	32,185	24,995
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	334,545	176,430	158,110
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	324,510	170,765	153,740
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	317,745	167,070	150,670
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	317,000	166,905	150,095
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	745	170	575
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	6,760	3,695	3,060
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	6,760	3,695	3,065
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	65	35	30
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	10
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	60	35	25
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	55	40	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	10	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	140	65	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	145	70	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	75	25	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	75	25	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	195	75	125
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	15	10	10
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	170	65	110
Telugu	45	10	35	10	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	5,905	3,315	2,590
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	155	80	75
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	155	85	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	130	65	60
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	20	15	10
Serbian	530	320	210	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	10	10	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	5,120	2,805	2,315
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	5,075	2,785	2,285
Bengali	530	275	245	10	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	230	75	150
Hindi	1,405	755	650	335	135	205
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	4,315	2,505	1,805
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	10	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	165	55	110
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	45	20	30
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	50	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	610	415	190
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	40	25	15
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	295	215	80
Romanian	745	365	380	10	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	275	175	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	70	15	50
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	30	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	285	145	140
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	280	145	140
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	135	80	50
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	145	55	90
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	10	10	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	10,040	5,665	4,380
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	1,510	580	930
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	8,415	5,045	3,370
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	105	30	70
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	334,545	176,430	158,115
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	308,635	162,025	146,610
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	3,030	1,640	1,395
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	2,670	1,060	1,610
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	20,015	11,605	8,415
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	20,015	11,605	8,415
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	45	35	15
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	145	70	70
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	583,680	288,675	295,005
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	506,925	250,290	256,630
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	76,760	38,380	38,380
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	45,200	22,635	22,565
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	31,560	15,750	15,810
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	21,835	10,895	10,940
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	19,825	9,865	9,965
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	2,010	1,035	975
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	9,725	4,850	4,870
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	553,385	273,005	280,380
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	316,105	155,900	160,200
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	237,285	117,095	120,180
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	134,780	66,645	68,125
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	102,510	50,450	52,055
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	64,560	31,555	33,010
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	60,500	29,550	30,955
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	4,055	2,005	2,055
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	37,945	18,895	19,050