Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Halton, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Halton, RM Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Halton, Regional municipality [Census division], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	548,435	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	501,674r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	9.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	198,164	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	192,977	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	568.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	964.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	548,435	266,350	282,085
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	107,215	54,955	52,260
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	30,600	15,665	14,935
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	37,970	19,425	18,550
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	38,640	19,870	18,775
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	359,410	175,205	184,205
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	36,440	18,625	17,815
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	31,910	16,620	15,290
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	26,185	13,025	13,165
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	30,420	14,000	16,420
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	37,930	17,475	20,460
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	43,580	20,915	22,660
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	44,370	21,640	22,730
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	43,045	21,150	21,895
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	36,820	18,125	18,695
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	28,700	13,630	15,070
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	81,810	36,190	45,620
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	25,465	11,735	13,725
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	19,665	9,120	10,545
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	14,640	6,655	7,985
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	10,795	4,630	6,165
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	11,245	4,050	7,190
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	7,110	2,820	4,290
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	3,310	1,045	2,265
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	720	175	550
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	100	15	85
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	19.5	20.6	18.5
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	65.5	65.8	65.3
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	14.9	13.6	16.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.5	2.5
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	39.4	38.4	40.4
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	40.5	39.6	41.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	192,980	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	112,875	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	21,890	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	58,135	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	10,140	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	33,815	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	2,565	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	11,395	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	215	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	192,980	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	37,660	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	57,970	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	34,005	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	41,485	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	21,855	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	540,980	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	441,220	211,395	229,825
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	276,820	138,070	138,750
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	249,100	124,250	124,850
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	27,720	13,820	13,905
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	164,395	73,325	91,070
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	109,315	57,430	51,890
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	11,205	4,435	6,770
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	21,825	7,145	14,685
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	22,050	4,320	17,725
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	156,535	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	63,340	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	35,150	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	42,205	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	15,850	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	156,535	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	135,605	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	121,760	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	13,845	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	20,930	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	16,655	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	4,280	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	135,605	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	51,365	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	84,245	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	28,320	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	40,485	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	15,445	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	20,930	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	11,975	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	6,830	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	56,975	23,225	33,745
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	192,975	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	146,465	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	47,170	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	99,295	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	4,890	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	41,625	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	37,660	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	3,960	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	544,020	264,660	279,360
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	484,060	239,545	244,515
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	380	160	220
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	52,665	22,295	30,370
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	6,920	2,660	4,260
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	544,025	264,660	279,365
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	524,050	256,185	267,865
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	9,155	4,040	5,110
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	4,040	1,845	2,195
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	6,780	2,590	4,190
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	11,170	4,965	6,205
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	2.1	1.9	2.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	544,020	264,660	279,360
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	528,785	257,245	271,540
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	394,090	193,360	200,725
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	385,160	189,415	195,750
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	8,930	3,945	4,980
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	134,695	63,885	70,810
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	20	5	15
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	10	5	5
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	0	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	5	0	5
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	10	5	10
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	10	0	5
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	134,675	63,875	70,800
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	11,005	5,560	5,445
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	25	15	10
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	25	10	10
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	120	50	65
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	25	5	15
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	95	50	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	10,850	5,490	5,360
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	70	30	35
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	9,875	5,040	4,830
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	280	130	150
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	120	50	70
Harari	1,320	635	685	5	5	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	95	55	45
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	285	120	165
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	45	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	75	35	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	1,380	595	780
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	45	20	25
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	1,335	580	755
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	6,125	2,370	3,755
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	10	5	5
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	215	80	130
Fijian	745	400	345	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	55	25	30
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	200	90	110
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	280	115	165
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	95	40	55
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	5,200	1,980	3,215
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	55	25	30
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	170	85	80
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	105	55	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	60	30	30
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	2,495	1,235	1,255
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	115	60	55
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	575	285	295
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	1,370	675	700
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	410	210	205
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	15	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	90,635	43,450	47,185
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	635	310	325
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	300	150	150
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	24,880	11,495	13,385
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	545	225	320
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	190	75	115
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	360	150	210
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	24,340	11,270	13,065
Belarusan	810	385	430	15	10	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	265	125	140
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	530	260	270
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	4,035	1,990	2,045
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	615	265	350
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	700	335	365
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	8,785	3,990	4,795
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	3,485	1,540	1,945
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	2,695	1,295	1,400
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	275	125	150
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	700	320	375
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	385	165	215
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	1,815	815	995
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	45	25	20
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	65	30	35
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	20	10	10
Welsh	1,075	495	575	35	20	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	10	0	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	7,480	3,390	4,090
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	340	155	185
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	310	145	160
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	2,250	1,060	1,185
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	30	15	10
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	4,230	1,875	2,355
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	20	10	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	65	30	35
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	145	65	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	65	20	40
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	25	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	5	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,425	710	720
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	29,120	14,420	14,705
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	25,490	12,625	12,865
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	855	435	420
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	2,040	985	1,055
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	2,680	1,310	1,370
Kashmiri	565	300	265	50	20	30
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	130	65	75
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	205	100	110
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	120	50	70
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	30	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	6,585	3,265	3,320
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	275	140	135
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	480	230	250
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	12,035	6,015	6,020
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	3,500	1,720	1,780
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	90	45	40
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	580	275	305
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	2,835	1,395	1,430
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	130	75	60
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	26,730	12,940	13,785
Catalan	865	440	425	10	5	5
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	7,060	3,645	3,420
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	7,335	3,580	3,755
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	2,200	1,035	1,165
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	10,095	4,670	5,425
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	20	10	10
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	410	130	280
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	5	0	5
Georgian	1,715	910	805	5	5	5
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	3,505	1,615	1,890
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	5	5	5
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	795	365	430
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	220	95	130
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	15	5	10
Ewe	1,760	950	805	15	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	15	5	10
Ganda	1,295	625	665	10	10	5
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	55	25	30
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	10	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	5	5	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	65	30	30
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	80	35	45
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	5	0	5
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	170	90	85
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	125	55	70
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	35	15	20
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	35	20	15
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	200	100	100
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	140	70	70
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	60	30	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	14,675	6,800	7,875
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	14,590	6,760	7,825
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	3,365	1,530	1,835
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	85	30	50
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	10,335	4,805	5,525
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	315	145	170
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	195	95	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	290	140	150
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	85	40	45
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	35	20	20
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	30	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	215	80	135
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	70	30	40
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	145	50	100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	1,040	535	510
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	40	20	20
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	950	480	470
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	25	15	10
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	20	5	10
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	1,955	915	1,035
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	160	80	85
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	245	100	150
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	1,540	735	810
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	45	20	20
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	15,235	7,415	7,820
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	1,595	740	855
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	12,690	6,250	6,440
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	430	195	235
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	525	235	290
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	544,020	264,665	279,360
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	512,385	249,415	262,970
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	451,570	220,380	231,190
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	448,015	218,720	229,295
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	3,555	1,660	1,895
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	60,815	29,035	31,785
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	60,815	29,035	31,785
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	5,170	2,515	2,655
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	5	5	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	45	15	30
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	5	0	5
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	40	15	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	5,115	2,495	2,620
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	30	10	15
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	4,745	2,330	2,415
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	115	50	65
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	60	25	35
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	40	20	20
Maltese	1,130	525	605	55	25	25
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	20	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	55	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	660	300	365
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	5	0	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	655	295	360
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	2,350	1,030	1,325
Bikol	290	140	155	5	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	70	30	40
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	20	10	10
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	65	25	35
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	90	40	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	30	10	15
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	2,065	895	1,165
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	15	10	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	65	30	35
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	45	20	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	20	10	15
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	1,180	560	615
Kannada	1,630	825	800	40	20	20
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	240	115	120
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	690	325	370
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	215	100	105
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	5	5	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	37,555	18,000	19,550
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	225	120	110
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	120	55	65
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	10,245	4,910	5,335
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	140	65	70
Latvian	1,255	530	725	35	15	20
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	100	50	50
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	10,105	4,840	5,265
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	120	60	60
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	290	150	140
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	1,280	605	675
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	165	80	85
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	285	130	155
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	3,675	1,755	1,915
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	2,190	1,035	1,155
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	1,230	605	630
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	95	45	50
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	235	115	115
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	60	25	30
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	465	225	240
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	10	5	10
Celtic languages	360	205	155	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	10	10	5
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	895	425	470
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	130	55	70
Danish	855	410	445	20	5	10
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	175	85	90
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	515	240	275
Icelandic	270	120	150	10	5	5
Norwegian	345	145	200	5	0	5
Swedish	1,045	500	545	40	25	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	5	5	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	310	145	165
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	15,205	7,355	7,855
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	13,180	6,405	6,775
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	475	235	240
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	960	440	520
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	1,105	530	575
Kashmiri	135	70	70	5	0	5
Konkani	720	355	370	30	15	15
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	80	40	40
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	65	35	35
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	3,565	1,740	1,825
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	105	50	55
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	190	90	100
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	6,595	3,230	3,365
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	1,970	920	1,050
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	45	25	25
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	345	160	180
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	1,580	730	850
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	10,540	4,990	5,550
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	1,150	495	650
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	2,435	1,160	1,275
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	985	460	525
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	5,955	2,870	3,085
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	5	5
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	130	60	65
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	2,340	1,100	1,245
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	150	55	95
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	60	15	40
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	5
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	5	5	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	20	10	5
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	10	5	10
Wolof	1,380	745	635	5	0	5
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	25	5	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	5	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	5	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	285	140	145
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	185	90	95
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	95	50	50
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	9,820	4,695	5,120
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	9,785	4,680	5,105
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	1,635	785	845
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	15	5	10
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	7,725	3,690	4,035
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	110	55	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	125	65	65
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	180	90	90
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	35	20	20
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	15	10	10
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	95	40	50
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	20	10	15
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	70	30	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	530	270	260
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	15	5	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	500	250	250
Uyghur	610	315	290	15	10	5
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	5	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	475	230	245
Estonian	975	365	610	20	10	10
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	45	30	20
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	415	195	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	5	5	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	31,635	15,245	16,390
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	1,255	575	675
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	29,460	14,260	15,200
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	110	45	70
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	810	365	440
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	544,025	264,660	279,360
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	457,960	224,140	233,820
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	32,050	15,695	16,355
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	6,745	2,850	3,895
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	45,645	21,240	24,410
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	45,630	21,235	24,400
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	350	155	195
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	565	275	290
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	695	305	390
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	20	10	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	433,845	208,575	225,270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	414,995	199,625	215,375
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	42,577	52,979	35,067
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	415,105	199,645	215,460
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	37,779	45,755	31,629
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	388,030	190,215	197,810
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	41,212	52,274	32,748
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	278,820	118,770	160,050
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	2,716	899	3,878
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	327,610	167,275	160,335
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	42,556	52,445	35,370
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	433,845	208,570	225,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	415,130	199,760	215,370
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	64,762	82,349	48,449
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	415,265	199,795	215,465
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	50,228	61,595	39,687
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	388,265	190,275	197,985
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	64,579	82,799	47,069
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	278,800	119,045	159,755
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,495	5,841	6,982
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	327,605	166,985	160,630
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	63,534	79,267	47,179
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	433,845	208,570	225,275
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	167,465	94,250	73,210
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	68,481	76,851	59,762
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	90,417	106,100	70,227
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	93.3	95.8	89.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	77.4	80.4	72.8
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	6.7	4.2	10.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	433,845	208,575	225,275
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	18,850	8,945	9,900
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	414,995	199,625	215,370
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.7	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	60,625	24,840	35,780
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	55,380	21,525	33,855
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	44,190	17,490	26,705
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	37,575	15,700	21,875
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	35,955	15,710	20,245
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	31,205	14,580	16,630
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	26,850	13,485	13,365
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	22,000	11,805	10,195
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	19,210	10,450	8,755
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	17,375	9,305	8,075
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	64,620	44,735	19,885
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	37,770	24,690	13,085
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	26,855	20,050	6,800
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	433,845	208,575	225,270
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	18,740	8,925	9,815
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	415,105	199,645	215,460
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.7	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	62,650	25,340	37,310
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	58,025	22,625	35,400
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	51,210	20,500	30,710
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	45,955	19,645	26,310
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	43,660	20,095	23,570
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	35,835	18,115	17,720
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	28,645	15,580	13,065
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	24,875	13,680	11,190
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	64,245	44,065	20,180
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	17,520	10,635	6,885
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	11,170	7,390	3,775
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	35,555	26,040	9,520
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	433,845	208,570	225,270
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	106,235	41,300	64,940
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	327,610	167,275	160,335
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	75.5	80.2	71.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	43,435	21,150	22,280
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	24,760	10,705	14,060
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	35,860	15,540	20,315
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	27,595	11,840	15,755
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	25,355	10,685	14,675
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	25,075	10,960	14,115
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	23,105	10,905	12,200
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	20,500	10,500	10,005
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	17,430	9,500	7,930
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	84,490	55,495	29,000
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	15,950	8,800	7,150
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	15,100	8,040	7,055
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	53,445	38,650	14,795
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	192,975	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	103,009	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	87,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	37,660	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	48,351	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	41,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	155,315	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	119,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	100,204	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	192,980	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	139,315	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	108,085	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	37,720	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	67,110	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	52,741	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	155,255	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	156,858	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	121,532	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	192,975	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	2,095	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	1,240	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	2,255	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	3,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	4,480	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	4,295	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	4,835	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	5,265	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	5,430	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	5,310	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	11,225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	11,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	10,905	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	10,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	10,695	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	99,580	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	23,360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	19,035	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	25,620	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	31,570	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	192,975	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	2,350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	1,295	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	2,340	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	3,540	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	5,035	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	4,895	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	5,745	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	6,365	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	6,695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	6,835	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	14,030	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	13,780	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	13,875	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	13,410	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	12,390	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	80,400	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	25,580	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	18,595	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	36,230	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	152,760	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	119,370	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	100,086	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	46,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	100,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	85,501	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	84,425	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	144,502	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	119,554	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	19,255	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	71,677	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	63,258	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	152,665	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	156,969	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	121,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	46,385	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	137,751	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	106,279	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	84,325	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	183,977	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	141,355	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	19,105	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	89,060	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	73,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	47,400	19,920	27,480
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	43,669	48,387	40,822
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	38,292	41,747	36,168
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	47,480	19,965	27,510
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	61,514	72,452	53,575
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	48,694	54,946	44,156
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	540,975	263,490	277,485
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	175,895	82,040	93,855
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	30,550	14,465	16,085
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	30,465	13,485	16,975
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	34,080	15,475	18,605
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	37,605	17,850	19,760
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	43,190	20,770	22,420
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	365,080	181,450	183,635
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	49,605	24,165	25,445
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	56,615	27,720	28,895
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	66,750	33,065	33,685
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	82,425	41,175	41,250
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	109,685	55,325	54,355
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	540,980	263,490	277,490
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	129,300	66,175	63,130
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	37,615	19,280	18,335
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	335,195	162,670	172,525
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	76,480	34,645	41,840
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	44,485	20,350	24,140
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	13,530	6,935	6,595
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	3,460	1,745	1,715
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	25,390	11,510	13,880
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	5,565	1,905	3,665
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	8.2	7.7	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	10.5	10.5	10.4
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	9.2	9.1	9.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	7.6	7.1	8.0
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	7.3	5.5	8.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	32,140	15,010	17,135
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	9,225	4,725	4,500
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	2,285	1,155	1,135
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	19,880	9,260	10,625
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	3,030	1,025	2,010
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	5.9	5.7	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	7.1	7.1	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	6.1	6.0	6.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	5.9	5.7	6.2
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	4.0	3.0	4.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	540,975	263,490	277,490
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	534,110	260,835	273,275
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	533,690	260,665	273,025
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	52,710	22,060	30,650
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	171,550	81,395	90,160
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	35	10	25
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	10	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	10	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	35	10	25
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	35	10	25
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	171,515	81,380	90,135
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	15,255	7,785	7,470
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	45	15	25
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	35	10	20
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	120	50	65
Bilen	1,085	625	470	10	10	10
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	20	10	15
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	90	40	50
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	15,105	7,730	7,375
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	105	45	55
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	13,680	7,045	6,635
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	330	150	185
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	225	120	100
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	590	295	290
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	420	210	215
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	50	30	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	100	55	45
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	40	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	1,665	730	935
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	75	35	35
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	1,600	695	910
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	7,695	3,000	4,700
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	10	0	10
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	315	120	190
Fijian	1,660	955	705	20	10	15
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	55	25	35
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	250	90	155
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	365	160	205
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	70	30	40
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	7,175	2,785	4,395
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	30	15	20
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	600	250	350
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	35	10	20
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	340	140	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	230	95	125
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	3,785	1,920	1,865
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	275	140	135
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	990	485	510
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	2,140	1,110	1,030
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	620	305	310
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	15	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	118,260	56,580	61,675
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	775	400	375
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	350	190	160
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	29,145	13,730	15,415
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	665	270	395
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	205	95	110
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	460	175	285
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	28,600	13,510	15,095
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	70	40	25
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	445	225	225
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	640	335	310
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	5,820	2,935	2,885
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	900	385	520
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	1,005	510	490
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	10,305	4,595	5,710
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	4,775	2,205	2,565
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	3,440	1,690	1,745
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	280	140	140
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	795	350	450
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	450	210	245
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	2,650	1,225	1,430
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	70	30	40
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	220	100	115
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	65	25	35
Welsh	1,690	830	860	50	30	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	105	45	55
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	11,190	5,140	6,045
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	1,000	460	545
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	345	145	200
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	2,650	1,220	1,430
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	50	25	25
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	7,130	3,330	3,800
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	20	10	10
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	105	35	70
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	270	130	145
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	50	15	35
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	30	10	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	10	10	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	2,165	1,040	1,130
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	39,505	19,455	20,045
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	35,350	17,420	17,930
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	1,205	595	610
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	2,880	1,330	1,545
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	9,790	4,725	5,070
Kashmiri	905	490	420	90	50	40
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	260	120	135
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	390	215	170
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	55	15	35
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	55	20	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	10,730	5,445	5,285
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	585	310	275
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	725	355	370
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	17,340	8,700	8,640
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	4,490	2,210	2,280
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	165	90	70
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	890	425	470
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	3,690	1,810	1,885
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	185	90	95
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	37,495	17,725	19,765
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	25	10	15
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	10,870	5,350	5,525
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	9,515	4,570	4,945
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	2,680	1,275	1,405
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	15,995	7,240	8,750
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	35	10	30
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	900	435	460
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	4,095	1,915	2,180
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	2,080	960	1,125
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	470	205	265
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	25	0	20
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	35	20	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	60	35	20
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	45	20	25
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	145	75	75
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	125	60	70
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	35	10	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	30	10	20
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	50	30	25
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	410	190	225
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	15	10	10
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	460	215	250
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	360	170	190
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	80	50	30
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	15	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	65	30	30
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	850	340	505
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	585	205	380
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	285	145	145
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	16,685	7,780	8,905
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	16,575	7,725	8,850
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	4,685	2,180	2,505
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	75	30	45
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	12,235	5,625	6,605
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	15	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	390	180	215
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	300	140	155
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	375	170	205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	135	65	70
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	65	30	30
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	50	15	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	35	20	10
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	255	110	150
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	100	45	50
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	170	70	100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	1,430	735	695
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	90	45	50
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	1,270	635	635
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	30	20	10
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	15	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	35	30	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	2,270	1,060	1,210
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	215	120	95
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	305	130	175
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	1,755	820	940
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	75	40	40
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	540,975	263,490	277,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	502,490	245,760	256,730
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	122,000	62,150	59,850
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	380,495	183,610	196,880
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	38,485	17,730	20,755
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	540,980	263,490	277,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	375,815	185,430	190,385
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	160,165	75,805	84,355
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	48,245	22,860	25,385
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	18,710	8,880	9,830
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	29,940	14,165	15,770
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	42,790	20,210	22,580
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	22,635	10,875	11,765
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	20,155	9,330	10,815
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	20,485	9,695	10,790
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	5,000	2,255	2,750
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	160,165	75,810	84,360
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	18,970	9,330	9,640
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	31,250	15,830	15,420
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	31,895	13,715	18,180
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	65,735	31,145	34,585
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	12,315	5,780	6,530
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	160,165	75,805	84,360
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	21,720	9,775	11,950
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	870	375	495
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	2,265	1,045	1,225
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	420	220	205
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	1,300	580	715
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	60	30	30
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	2,940	1,245	1,700
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	1,125	480	645
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	925	395	530
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,805	830	970
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	5,320	2,345	2,980
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	4,685	2,230	2,460
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	61,255	29,190	32,060
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	1,070	555	510
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	2,490	1,295	1,190
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	625	290	335
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	3,095	1,380	1,720
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	730	385	335
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	875	400	475
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	1,240	525	710
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	3,785	2,035	1,750
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	2,020	1,005	1,020
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	6,685	2,920	3,765
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	4,680	2,315	2,365
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	2,295	1,045	1,250
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	1,600	740	855
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	1,235	590	645
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	1,245	555	690
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	21,300	10,255	11,050
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	6,295	2,895	3,395
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	11,070	5,625	5,445
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	105	50	60
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	4,190	2,255	1,935
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	120	70	45
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	770	360	410
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	125	55	70
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	890	455	435
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	100	45	55
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	1,955	935	1,025
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	2,820	1,405	1,415
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	65,445	30,885	34,555
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	1,240	605	640
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	680	330	345
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	9,235	4,160	5,080
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	1,600	765	830
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	13,685	6,560	7,120
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	1,800	930	870
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	2,485	1,255	1,230
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	305	70	235
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	3,180	1,475	1,710
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	1,000	525	475
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	11,200	5,665	5,535
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	7,255	3,000	4,260
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	1,695	855	845
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	640	340	305
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	540	215	330
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	1,450	630	815
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	7,445	3,510	3,935
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	680	335	340
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	20,480	9,695	10,785
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	2,975	1,430	1,545
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	230	115	120
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	305	130	175
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	90	55	35
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	10	10	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	115	80	35
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	285	115	170
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	985	460	525
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	350	180	170
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	615	305	315
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	2,680	1,245	1,435
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	115	55	60
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	80	45	40
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	165	95	70
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	20	15	10
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	160	70	95
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	340	155	185
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	125	35	95
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	865	460	400
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	805	325	480
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	2,390	1,230	1,160
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	20	10	10
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	20	10	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	25	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	10	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	1,400	755	645
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	10	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	20	15	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	0	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	325	155	170
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	50	25	25
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	165	85	80
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	335	165	170
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	12,305	5,725	6,575
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	240	130	115
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	150	65	80
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	2,255	1,035	1,220
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	50	15	35
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	2,165	1,010	1,155
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	265	135	130
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	785	415	365
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	135	50	90
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	40	25	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	460	215	245
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	175	90	85
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	20	10	10
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	1,820	910	915
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	1,855	730	1,130
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	255	115	145
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	105	45	55
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	185	90	100
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	65	35	30
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	135	75	55
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	365	185	180
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	65	30	30
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	715	330	385
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	125	55	75
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	95	35	60
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	30	15	20
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	540,975	263,490	277,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	168,410	79,710	88,700
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	149,060	73,980	75,085
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	223,505	109,805	113,705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	113,920	53,890	60,035
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	70,450	35,240	35,205
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	25,605	17,505	8,095
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	44,845	17,735	27,115
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	30,550	11,960	18,590
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	12,125	6,315	5,815
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	795	375	420
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	540,975	263,490	277,490
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	5,455	2,570	2,885
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	5,130	2,420	2,710
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	3,010	1,410	1,595
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	2,025	955	1,070
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	90	50	40
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	130	55	75
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	205	95	105
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	535,520	260,915	274,600
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	540,980	263,490	277,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,490	665	820
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	539,490	262,825	276,670
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	540,975	263,490	277,485
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	550	275	275
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	545	275	275
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	345	185	160
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	180	85	100
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	20	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	9,040	4,145	4,905
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	8,850	4,065	4,790
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	6,280	2,855	3,420
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	2,405	1,125	1,280
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	170	80	90
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	190	80	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	150	60	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	25	15	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	531,385	259,075	272,310
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	540,975	263,490	277,490
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	138,995	66,895	72,105
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	50,075	24,750	25,325
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	19,980	9,425	10,555
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	15,230	7,365	7,860
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	11,135	4,695	6,435
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	8,945	3,990	4,955
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	12,515	6,535	5,985
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	2,905	1,320	1,585
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	4,180	2,090	2,090
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	4,890	2,355	2,535
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	1,675	780	890
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	2,760	1,300	1,460
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	4,710	2,285	2,420
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	401,980	196,600	205,380
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	540,975	263,490	277,490
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	9,590	4,415	5,175
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	6,805	3,125	3,680
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	230	100	130
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	2,750	1,280	1,475
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	118,785	58,030	60,755
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	710	375	335
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	6,785	3,190	3,595
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	113,600	55,555	58,050
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	20	15	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	380	170	205
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	10	10	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	40	20	15
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	150	80	70
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	20	10	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	372,150	181,180	190,970
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	234,355	114,025	120,330
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	100	45	60
Cornish	1,975	995	975	45	15	30
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	136,905	66,705	70,200
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	95,295	45,825	49,470
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	130	75	60
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	101,465	49,135	52,330
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	10,230	4,905	5,320
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	18,400	8,480	9,915
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	42,730	20,100	22,630
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	65	10	50
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	15	10	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	42,660	20,075	22,585
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	71,945	35,550	36,390
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	3,975	1,950	2,025
Bavarian	940	485	455	65	40	30
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	1,995	1,005	985
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	21,785	10,920	10,865
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	165	80	90
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	45	30	15
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	47,765	23,460	24,305
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	70	35	35
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	2,360	1,165	1,195
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	15	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	11,795	5,730	6,065
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	2,915	1,430	1,490
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	2,575	1,280	1,295
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	715	355	355
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	2,595	1,240	1,355
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	3,205	1,485	1,720
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	575	330	245
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	68,315	32,905	35,410
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	1,090	605	485
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	560	260	300
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	2,500	1,170	1,335
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	810	340	470
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	815	410	400
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	7,665	3,640	4,020
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	985	460	515
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	1,810	875	930
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	110	50	65
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	28,700	13,690	15,010
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	4,705	2,285	2,420
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	7,640	3,570	4,065
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	2,310	1,125	1,180
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	19,960	9,790	10,165
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	195	75	120
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	94,555	47,105	47,450
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	900	465	430
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	780	385	395
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	9,455	4,815	4,640
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	200	90	105
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	5,690	2,815	2,870
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	44,695	22,535	22,155
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	35	15	20
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	2,145	1,080	1,065
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	2,820	1,375	1,450
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	185	130	60
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	19,560	9,825	9,735
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	4,710	2,430	2,280
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	140	65	75
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	2,115	1,080	1,030
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	9,260	4,245	5,020
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	960	435	520
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	105	30	70
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	2,510	1,255	1,255
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	100	65	40
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	1,530	755	780
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	90	35	55
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	130	85	40
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	670	320	350
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	14,405	6,825	7,575
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	45	25	20
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	130	55	75
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	1,105	490	615
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	115	60	60
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	80	25	50
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	690	305	390
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	395	190	210
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	390	165	220
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	130	65	70
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	7,770	3,675	4,090
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	65	15	50
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	10	0	10
Montserratan	930	460	470	30	10	20
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	90	40	50
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	165	85	80
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	2,445	1,175	1,275
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	275	140	140
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,615	765	850
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	350	150	205
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	14,550	6,805	7,740
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	410	230	185
Arawak	1,440	610	830	45	10	35
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	540	275	265
Belizean	1,755	915	845	20	15	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	105	55	45
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,035	420	620
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	645	305	340
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	3,250	1,500	1,750
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	90	50	40
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	550	230	320
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	310	130	180
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	2,015	1,015	1,005
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	145	70	70
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	70	45	25
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	65	25	45
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	2,060	955	1,095
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	165	55	105
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	70	25	45
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	20	15	10
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	1,285	600	675
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	565	245	320
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	160	75	85
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	1,295	610	685
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	530	230	300
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	16,245	8,180	8,060
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	2,540	1,250	1,290
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	15	0	10
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	45	30	15
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	35	10	20
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	15	0	10
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	130	70	55
Chadian	1,845	955	885	25	15	15
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	90	45	50
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	10	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	10	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	10
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	745	375	375
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	35	15	20
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	85	35	40
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	30	10	20
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	20	10	10
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	1,030	530	500
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	10	0	10
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	25	10	15
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	20	0	20
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	255	110	150
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	160	60	100
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	7,040	3,640	3,405
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	200	75	120
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	70	30	35
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	270	135	140
Dinka	900	500	400	20	15	10
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	5,865	3,110	2,755
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	45	25	20
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	10	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	335	145	190
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	185	100	85
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	185	75	110
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	120	55	70
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	3,325	1,605	1,720
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	70	45	25
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	40	20	15
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	55	20	30
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	105	40	65
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	150	60	90
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	265	135	125
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	120	75	50
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	30	10	20
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	15	0	15
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	190	85	100
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	1,715	820	890
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	45	20	25
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	120	75	45
Zambian	1,860	935	920	65	35	30
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	130	50	80
Zulu	945	475	475	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	315	165	150
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	3,540	1,755	1,780
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	395	180	210
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	3,210	1,610	1,595
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	116,160	56,285	59,875
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	21,230	10,770	10,455
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	2,185	1,045	1,135
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	2,325	1,205	1,125
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	1,090	515	570
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	405	205	200
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	75	35	45
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	10	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	10	10	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	3,170	1,630	1,540
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	2,620	1,335	1,285
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	310	170	140
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	770	410	365
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	100	55	45
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	170	75	95
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	15	10	10
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	3,275	1,625	1,650
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	2,140	1,125	1,015
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	205	105	100
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	165	80	90
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	1,525	700	820
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	85	40	50
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	95	45	50
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	1,895	1,000	895
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	90	40	45
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	95	65	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	970	430	535
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	51,135	25,370	25,770
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	480	200	280
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	420	210	205
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	33,580	16,540	17,035
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	410	195	215
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	195	80	115
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	125	65	55
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	55	20	35
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	12,270	6,240	6,030
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	2,495	1,220	1,270
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	250	115	130
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	2,055	1,010	1,045
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	555	315	240
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	2,790	1,435	1,350
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	45,265	20,920	24,355
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	120	30	85
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	160	90	70
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	23,975	11,380	12,600
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	12,225	5,240	6,980
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	430	185	250
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	2,400	1,130	1,265
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	10
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	5,050	2,440	2,615
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	170	75	95
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	235	105	130
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	100	45	55
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	75	40	35
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	255	105	150
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	210	85	120
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	60	25	30
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	2,380	1,095	1,285
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	275	140	140
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	905	455	450
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	905	455	450
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	1,085	545	540
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	740	345	395
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	195	135	60
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	180	85	90
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	70	25	45
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	35	20	20
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	35	15	15
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	20	15	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	25	15	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	192,980	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	156,165	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	36,810	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	192,980	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	30,055	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	162,925	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	192,980	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	155	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	13,360	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	30,870	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	74,110	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	74,470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	192,980	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	30,980	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	24,100	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	29,280	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	30,280	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	78,335	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	192,980	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	190,795	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	2,180	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	192,980	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	186,525	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	6,450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	192,975	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	24,320	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	50,090	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	26,945	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	25,995	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	24,890	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	23,225	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	17,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	192,975	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	185,730	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	7,245	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	192,980	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	99,475	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	89,675	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	3,825	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	192,975	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	19,145	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	40,595	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	48,680	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	37,030	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	25,505	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	14,915	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	5,485	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	192,460	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	146,770	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	45,690	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	39,380	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	155,855	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	18.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,699	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,785	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	647,574	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	715,422	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	36,800	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	11.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	45.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,360	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,405	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	433,845	208,570	225,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	53,790	26,625	27,165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	108,215	52,295	55,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	271,840	129,645	142,195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	20,100	14,015	6,080
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	9,425	5,660	3,765
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	10,675	8,355	2,320
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	91,080	39,725	51,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	10,725	4,865	5,860
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	149,935	71,045	78,890
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	101,145	46,140	55,010
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	9,695	4,305	5,385
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	4,210	2,130	2,080
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	31,105	16,125	14,980
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	3,780	2,345	1,435
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	289,325	138,850	150,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	14,960	8,450	6,510
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	58,230	29,375	28,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	216,140	101,030	115,105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	12,965	9,160	3,805
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	6,190	3,775	2,415
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	6,775	5,385	1,390
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	70,685	30,830	39,855
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	7,760	3,475	4,285
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	124,725	57,565	67,160
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	83,160	37,235	45,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	7,995	3,380	4,615
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	3,555	1,690	1,870
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	27,060	13,580	13,480
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	2,950	1,680	1,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	433,845	208,570	225,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	162,000	78,925	83,080
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	15,900	3,185	12,715
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	15,900	3,185	12,715
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	10,765	4,550	6,220
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	1,660	1,295	365
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	9,100	3,245	5,855
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	16,135	5,285	10,850
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	1,420	215	1,205
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	4,760	1,080	3,685
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	4,865	1,630	3,240
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	65	35	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	825	450	375
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	775	450	325
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	2,635	1,350	1,280
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	785	80	705
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	39,370	13,305	26,070
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	285	25	260
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	4,230	1,660	2,570
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	5,640	340	5,295
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	5,705	1,920	3,780
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	690	125	565
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	6,135	1,490	4,645
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	16,675	7,740	8,945
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	69,215	32,250	36,965
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	80	30	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	3,520	625	2,890
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	65,620	31,595	34,025
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	12,890	6,110	6,780
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	5,310	1,995	3,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	3,160	1,385	1,775
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	175	50	120
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	3,810	2,520	1,285
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	445	160	285
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	13,870	9,075	4,795
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	10,445	7,425	3,015
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	635	50	580
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	2,535	1,430	1,100
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	260	165	95
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	46,725	41,110	5,620
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	2,405	1,660	740
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	18,155	14,570	3,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	9,210	8,330	875
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	5,985	5,850	130
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	7,010	6,840	170
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	3,965	3,855	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	3,600	2,075	1,525
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	2,195	1,255	940
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	1,400	820	585
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	31,880	7,040	24,840
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	3,935	1,900	2,040
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	26,705	4,530	22,175
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	1,235	610	625
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	11,475	5,670	5,805
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	5,855	1,350	4,500
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	55	50	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	80	80	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	3,860	2,695	1,160
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	1,625	1,495	130
Other	3,170	885	2,280	20	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	20	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	289,325	138,855	150,470
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	73,190	37,825	35,360
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	11,710	2,165	9,545
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	11,710	2,165	9,540
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	8,370	3,445	4,925
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	1,210	945	270
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	7,160	2,505	4,655
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	12,195	3,855	8,335
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	1,105	165	940
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	3,640	795	2,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	3,705	1,190	2,525
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	40	15	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	600	340	260
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	535	295	240
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	1,945	1,005	940
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	620	55	560
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	32,325	10,530	21,795
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	215	20	195
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	3,490	1,300	2,195
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	4,490	250	4,245
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	4,950	1,525	3,425
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	545	100	450
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	4,925	1,150	3,775
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	13,705	6,190	7,520
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	57,065	26,365	30,700
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	60	25	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	2,850	510	2,335
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	54,155	25,825	28,325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	9,850	4,325	5,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	4,265	1,485	2,775
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	2,445	1,030	1,420
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	150	45	110
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	2,695	1,675	1,015
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	295	90	205
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	12,415	8,195	4,225
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	9,750	6,870	2,875
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	430	40	390
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	2,020	1,145	875
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	220	130	85
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	35,440	30,490	4,945
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	2,020	1,380	640
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	14,705	11,445	3,260
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	6,730	6,000	735
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	4,195	4,090	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	5,100	4,985	115
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	2,685	2,585	90
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	2,845	1,585	1,260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,645	885	760
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	1,195	700	495
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	24,985	5,650	19,335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	3,245	1,565	1,675
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	20,690	3,590	17,100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	1,055	500	555
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	8,920	4,425	4,495
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	4,365	1,005	3,355
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	50	50	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	35	35	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	3,200	2,185	1,015
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	1,275	1,150	120
Other	2,590	745	1,845	20	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	20	0	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	433,845	208,570	225,270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	162,005	78,925	83,080
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	271,840	129,650	142,195
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	206,250	97,385	108,860
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	187,095	87,870	99,225
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	19,160	9,520	9,640
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	65,590	32,260	33,330
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	9,120	4,815	4,305
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	3,890	1,330	2,565
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	6,400	2,985	3,415
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	8,945	5,275	3,665
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	4,115	1,870	2,245
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	390	195	200
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	32,720	15,780	16,945
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	289,325	138,850	150,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	73,190	37,825	35,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	216,140	101,030	115,110
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	164,795	76,765	88,025
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	150,515	69,765	80,750
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	14,280	7,005	7,270
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	51,350	24,260	27,085
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	7,430	3,750	3,680
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	3,335	1,105	2,225
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	5,290	2,380	2,910
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	4,575	2,620	1,955
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	3,575	1,610	1,965
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	355	180	180
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	26,790	12,615	14,175
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	433,845	208,570	225,270
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	302,950	155,680	147,270
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	284,770	146,815	137,955
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	18,180	8,865	9,310
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	130,895	52,890	78,005
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	69.8	74.6	65.4
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	65.6	70.4	61.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	6.0	5.7	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	433,845	208,570	225,270
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	121,335	48,400	72,935
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	312,510	160,175	152,340
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	171,560	97,025	74,530
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	140,955	63,145	77,810
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.2	44.1	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	302,950	155,680	147,265
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	5,185	2,375	2,810
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	297,760	153,305	144,455
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	261,140	130,495	130,645
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	36,620	22,810	13,810
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	302,950	155,680	147,270
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	5,190	2,380	2,810
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	297,760	153,300	144,455
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	47,855	30,025	17,830
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	53,115	17,605	35,505
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	26,300	20,610	5,690
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	16,535	3,630	12,905
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	36,005	10,865	25,140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	10,090	4,485	5,605
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	66,010	29,570	36,440
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	28,210	26,335	1,875
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	3,560	2,675	885
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	10,085	7,505	2,580
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	302,950	155,680	147,265
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	5,190	2,375	2,810
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	297,760	153,300	144,455
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	1,465	805	665
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	705	545	165
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	1,835	1,350	485
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	16,790	14,280	2,510
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	28,420	20,070	8,345
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	18,220	11,400	6,820
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	34,635	16,715	17,925
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	13,505	9,440	4,070
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	8,240	4,995	3,240
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	23,515	11,665	11,845
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	7,130	3,405	3,720
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	31,020	17,780	13,240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	1,160	580	580
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	11,900	6,740	5,165
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	24,385	6,345	18,040
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	27,385	4,990	22,400
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	5,840	2,970	2,870
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	17,155	7,345	9,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	10,705	4,460	6,240
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	13,755	7,410	6,345
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	284,770	146,815	137,955
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	25,675	12,915	12,760
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	1,615	1,125	495
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	26,710	18,880	7,830
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	230,770	113,900	116,865
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	230,770	113,905	116,870
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	82,555	35,040	47,515
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	29,985	13,860	16,125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	117,525	64,570	52,955
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	705	430	275
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	257,480	132,780	124,705
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	202,865	107,170	95,695
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	14,555	6,095	8,460
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	27,940	13,740	14,200
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	8,035	3,445	4,580
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	1,590	1,160	425
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	2,500	1,165	1,340
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	257,485	132,780	124,700
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	57,575	25,285	32,290
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	71,150	33,435	37,710
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	54,680	30,330	24,350
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	31,705	18,530	13,175
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	42,370	25,190	17,175
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	257,485	132,785	124,700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	16,730	12,610	4,120
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	41,935	26,040	15,895
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	76,580	37,780	38,800
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	57,785	25,255	32,530
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	29,875	12,785	17,095
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	34,580	18,320	16,265
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	320,950	164,155	156,795
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	316,980	162,400	154,580
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	315,005	161,315	153,690
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	313,615	161,045	152,570
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,385	265	1,120
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	1,980	1,090	885
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	1,975	1,090	885
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	120	90	25
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	115	90	25
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	110	80	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	10	0	10
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	30	0	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	30	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	55	35	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	50	30	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	10	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	790	420	365
Albanian	350	220	125	15	10	10
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	225	105	120
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	220	105	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	10	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	15	15	0
Croatian	220	130	95	10	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	115	50	65
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	70	30	40
Serbian	530	320	210	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	10	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	30	10	20
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	15	10	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	225	105	115
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	195	90	110
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	25	0	15
Hindi	1,405	755	650	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	95	55	45
Sindhi	35	10	30	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	60	20	35
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	20	10	10
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	295	180	110
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	10	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	100	85	15
Romanian	745	365	380	15	10	10
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	165	80	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	50	15	30
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	175	90	85
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	80	35	50
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	70	20	50
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	655	390	265
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	650	385	265
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	80	50	35
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	550	315	235
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	20	20	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	10	10	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	10
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	3,965	1,750	2,215
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	1,440	490	955
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	2,435	1,210	1,225
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	80	45	40
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	320,950	164,155	156,795
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	306,000	156,995	149,005
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	1,915	720	1,195
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	5,935	2,575	3,360
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	6,825	3,715	3,110
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	6,810	3,705	3,105
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	25	10	20
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	245	140	105
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	535,585	260,735	274,850
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	474,155	230,800	243,350
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	61,435	29,935	31,500
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	27,370	13,285	14,080
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	34,070	16,650	17,415
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	28,320	13,885	14,440
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	26,190	12,785	13,410
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	2,125	1,095	1,030
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	5,750	2,770	2,980
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	510,455	247,810	262,650
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	315,050	153,400	161,645
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	195,410	94,410	101,000
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	81,275	39,295	41,975
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	114,135	55,115	59,025
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	90,645	43,850	46,790
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	84,180	40,750	43,425
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	6,465	3,105	3,360
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	23,500	11,265	12,235