Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Hamilton, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Hamilton, C Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Hamilton, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	536,917	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	519,949	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	222,918	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	211,596	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	480.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	1,117.29	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	536,920	262,530	274,390
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	87,120	44,815	42,305
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	28,275	14,565	13,710
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	29,355	15,020	14,335
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	29,485	15,230	14,260
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	356,890	176,610	180,285
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	32,130	16,610	15,515
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	36,710	18,870	17,840
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	35,720	17,915	17,810
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	34,725	17,200	17,525
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	32,400	15,790	16,615
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	32,755	15,855	16,905
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	36,350	17,690	18,655
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	41,950	20,630	21,310
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	40,075	19,725	20,350
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	34,085	16,315	17,765
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	92,910	41,105	51,805
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	29,340	13,860	15,480
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	21,055	9,925	11,135
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	16,110	7,305	8,805
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	12,470	5,195	7,275
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	13,930	4,815	9,110
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	8,685	3,260	5,425
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	4,165	1,315	2,850
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	955	215	740
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	125	25	95
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	16.2	17.1	15.4
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	66.5	67.3	65.7
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	17.3	15.7	18.9
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.6	1.8	3.3
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	41.3	40.1	42.4
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	41.5	40.0	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	211,600	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	121,215	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	33,565	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	56,450	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	6,490	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	24,720	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	6,685	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	18,110	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	450	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	59,575	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	68,030	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	33,720	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	30,960	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	19,310	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	527,930	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	449,800	217,710	232,085
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	246,910	123,480	123,425
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	208,700	104,375	104,325
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	38,205	19,105	19,100
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	202,890	94,230	108,660
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	131,065	70,920	60,140
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	14,680	6,220	8,455
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	28,945	11,460	17,490
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	28,200	5,625	22,570
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	149,355	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	72,015	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	33,455	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	30,275	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	13,610	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	149,355	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	120,715	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	101,625	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	19,090	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	28,640	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	23,090	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	5,550	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	120,715	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	54,755	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	65,960	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	25,315	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	27,885	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	12,765	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	28,635	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	17,265	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	8,140	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	3,240	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	89,250	42,230	47,020
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	211,595	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	139,620	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	51,060	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	88,560	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	4,755	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	67,220	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	59,575	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	7,645	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	530,635	259,745	270,890
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	489,910	242,380	247,535
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	375	160	215
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	30,530	13,280	17,255
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	9,815	3,925	5,890
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	530,635	259,745	270,890
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	512,265	251,770	260,495
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	6,760	3,170	3,590
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	1,975	970	1,005
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	9,635	3,830	5,805
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	7,750	3,655	4,090
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.5	1.4	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	530,635	259,740	270,895
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	519,075	254,100	264,970
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	396,540	195,590	200,945
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	389,870	192,485	197,385
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	6,670	3,110	3,560
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	122,535	58,510	64,025
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	70	40	30
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	30	20	15
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	5	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	5	5	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	20	10	15
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	20	10	10
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	5	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	5	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	30	15	10
Cayuga	45	20	20	10	10	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	15	5	5
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	5
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	122,465	58,470	63,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	12,835	6,540	6,295
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	10	10	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	10	10	5
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	1,040	490	550
Bilen	805	455	350	5	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	45	25	15
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	1,000	465	530
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	11,740	6,020	5,715
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	195	95	105
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	8,585	4,465	4,120
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	2,225	1,090	1,130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	215	110	100
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	5	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	145	80	65
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	125	65	60
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	130	60	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	115	50	65
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	50	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	3,980	1,865	2,120
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	815	375	440
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	3,170	1,495	1,680
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	5,010	1,965	3,045
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	25	10	15
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	190	80	110
Fijian	745	400	345	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	40	10	30
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	300	120	180
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	110	40	70
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	30	10	20
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	4,245	1,665	2,580
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	10	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	45	20	30
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	295	135	155
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	170	75	90
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	100	45	50
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	1,280	625	655
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	45	25	20
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	660	320	340
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	470	220	250
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	100	55	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	83,865	40,165	43,695
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,275	645	630
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	275	135	140
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	25,235	11,650	13,585
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	690	280	405
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	290	120	170
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	405	165	240
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	24,540	11,360	13,175
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	0	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	935	465	475
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	135	55	75
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	4,685	2,260	2,425
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	940	425	515
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	485	235	250
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	7,275	3,200	4,075
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	1,465	645	825
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	5,465	2,735	2,730
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	380	180	200
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	450	200	250
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	560	245	320
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	1,650	660	990
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	105	55	50
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	35	15	20
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	20	5	15
Welsh	1,075	495	575	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	0	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	7,025	3,135	3,890
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	135	65	70
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	160	75	85
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	2,665	1,215	1,445
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	70	30	35
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	3,825	1,665	2,165
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	10	0	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	15	5	10
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	55	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	55	30	30
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	35	20	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	5	5
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,600	830	770
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	16,280	8,280	8,000
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	12,445	6,345	6,095
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	1,165	580	585
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	1,415	780	635
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	965	520	445
Kashmiri	565	300	265	10	5	5
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	55	30	30
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	60	35	30
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	185	100	85
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	4,585	2,330	2,255
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	95	50	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	235	115	125
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	3,675	1,805	1,870
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	3,780	1,895	1,885
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	1,035	545	490
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	245	125	115
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	2,500	1,225	1,275
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	60	40	20
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	32,150	15,485	16,665
Catalan	865	440	425	15	5	10
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	15,380	7,370	8,010
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	7,270	3,600	3,675
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	1,735	825	905
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	7,725	3,665	4,055
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	25	15	10
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	265	80	180
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	15	5	10
Georgian	1,715	910	805	10	5	10
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	1,375	640	740
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	1,360	620	745
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	200	90	110
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	20	5	5
Ewe	1,760	950	805	30	10	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	10	5	5
Ga	920	445	470	25	15	10
Ganda	1,295	625	665	35	20	20
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	65	30	35
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	25	15	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	55	25	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	70	35	35
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	175	75	100
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	310	140	175
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	85	50	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	265	110	150
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	130	70	60
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	120	60	55
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	110	55	60
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	40	15	25
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	75	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	8,085	3,920	4,170
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	7,755	3,745	4,010
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	2,775	1,320	1,450
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	35	15	20
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	4,350	2,115	2,235
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	180	85	95
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	65	30	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	340	165	175
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	335	175	155
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	70	30	35
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	250	135	115
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	10	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	490	230	260
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	305	150	155
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	185	80	105
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	680	350	330
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	35	15	20
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	605	310	290
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	5	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	35	20	20
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	2,605	1,165	1,440
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	135	55	80
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	80	40	45
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	2,385	1,065	1,315
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	65	40	30
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	11,560	5,640	5,915
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	1,190	555	635
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	9,745	4,785	4,960
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	400	190	205
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	220	105	115
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	530,630	259,745	270,895
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	504,615	247,065	257,550
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	446,765	219,585	227,175
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	444,465	218,535	225,925
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	2,300	1,050	1,250
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	57,850	27,475	30,375
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	10	5	5
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	5	5	5
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	10	5	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	10	5	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	5
Mohawk	255	115	140	5	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	57,830	27,465	30,360
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	7,810	3,880	3,930
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	10	5	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	10	10	5
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	705	325	380
Bilen	620	330	285	5	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	35	15	20
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	670	310	360
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	7,070	3,530	3,535
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	60	30	35
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	5,210	2,605	2,605
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	1,435	715	720
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	145	75	70
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	65	30	40
Maltese	1,130	525	605	20	10	10
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	65	35	30
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	70	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	2,560	1,200	1,365
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	455	195	260
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	2,105	1,000	1,105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	2,165	965	1,200
Bikol	290	140	155	5	5	5
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	80	40	40
Fijian	195	105	90	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	5	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	140	65	75
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	25	15	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	10	5	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	1,900	835	1,065
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	5	0	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	105	40	65
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	15	5	10
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	65	25	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	25	10	15
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	640	305	340
Kannada	1,630	825	800	10	5	5
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	325	155	175
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	250	115	140
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	55	30	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	35,770	16,830	18,940
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	685	325	355
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	100	40	55
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	10,895	5,140	5,750
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	180	65	110
Latvian	1,255	530	725	85	35	50
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	95	35	60
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	10,715	5,070	5,640
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	510	260	255
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	40	15	25
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	1,875	880	1,000
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	455	220	240
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	190	90	100
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	3,050	1,385	1,665
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	800	380	425
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	2,940	1,460	1,485
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	155	80	75
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	95	45	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	155	65	85
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	410	180	230
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	30	15	15
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	620	290	330
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	60	35	30
Danish	855	410	445	5	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	110	55	55
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	435	195	245
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	615	300	320
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	9,870	4,910	4,955
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	7,685	3,855	3,830
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	750	365	380
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	820	435	385
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	455	255	205
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	15	5	5
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	20	5	10
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	165	90	80
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	3,065	1,535	1,530
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	50	30	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	130	65	60
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	2,215	1,070	1,145
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	2,140	1,030	1,110
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	555	280	280
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	135	60	70
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	1,445	690	760
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	40	25	15
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	12,985	5,825	7,170
Catalan	355	165	190	5	5	5
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	4,850	1,970	2,875
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	3,075	1,460	1,615
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	830	400	430
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	4,225	1,990	2,240
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	75	30	45
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	10	0	5
Georgian	1,035	565	475	10	5	5
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	930	440	495
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	490	215	275
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	70	30	35
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	5
Ewe	410	185	225	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	5	0	5
Ga	250	105	140	5	5	5
Ganda	345	160	185	5	0	5
Igbo	1,000	485	510	20	10	10
Lingala	1,045	455	590	25	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	25	15	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	15	10	10
Shona	1,035	475	560	70	25	45
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	175	75	100
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	50	20	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	45	20	25
Dinka	1,130	580	550	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	40	15	20
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	190	105	90
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	55	25	30
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	140	85	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	5,555	2,745	2,815
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	5,300	2,610	2,690
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	1,775	830	940
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	20	5	10
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	3,150	1,585	1,570
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	80	45	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	40	20	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	240	120	120
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	255	130	120
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	50	25	30
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	190	105	90
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	280	145	135
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	175	90	85
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	105	55	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	350	180	180
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	10	5	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	330	165	170
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	10	5	5
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	810	360	450
Estonian	975	365	610	20	10	10
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	0	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	785	350	435
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	30	15	15
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	26,020	12,675	13,340
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	815	390	425
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	24,605	12,015	12,595
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	165	80	85
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	440	195	240
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	530,635	259,745	270,890
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	462,505	227,300	235,210
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	24,665	12,100	12,565
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	4,170	1,740	2,425
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	38,260	18,110	20,150
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	100	50	50
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	38,160	18,060	20,100
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	185	80	105
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	440	230	210
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	410	185	230
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	441,055	214,050	227,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	422,250	204,960	217,295
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	32,917	39,174	28,056
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	422,350	204,970	217,380
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	30,175	35,276	26,142
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	371,365	184,245	187,125
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	31,674	38,568	25,865
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	311,410	139,555	171,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	5,375	3,136	6,497
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	306,895	159,365	147,525
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	33,209	38,437	28,993
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	441,055	214,030	227,030
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	422,435	204,875	217,565
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,966	51,255	37,103
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	422,525	204,890	217,640
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	36,820	41,918	32,021
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	371,340	184,050	187,300
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	43,381	51,495	35,408
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	311,000	139,420	171,580
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,922	7,339	8,396
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	306,895	159,335	147,560
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	43,099	48,918	36,815
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	441,060	214,030	227,030
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	145,570	81,005	64,565
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	53,880	59,430	48,308
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	62,903	69,433	54,710
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	86.7	90.2	82.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	71.5	74.9	67.0
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	13.3	9.8	17.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	441,055	214,050	227,005
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	18,805	9,090	9,715
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	422,250	204,960	217,290
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.7	95.8	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	60,815	27,315	33,500
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	74,265	29,655	44,605
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	61,205	24,890	36,315
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	48,715	22,500	26,215
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	42,880	20,780	22,100
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	33,395	17,370	16,020
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	25,570	14,430	11,145
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	18,820	11,300	7,520
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	14,550	8,880	5,670
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	12,630	7,215	5,420
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	29,410	20,630	8,780
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	20,320	13,880	6,445
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	9,090	6,755	2,340
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	441,055	214,050	227,005
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	18,705	9,080	9,630
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	422,350	204,975	217,375
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.8	95.8	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	62,340	27,690	34,650
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	77,460	30,970	46,485
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	70,340	29,300	41,045
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	58,745	27,835	30,910
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	48,410	24,765	23,645
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	34,165	19,275	14,895
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	23,455	14,205	9,245
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	17,960	10,595	7,360
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	29,475	20,335	9,140
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	10,665	6,790	3,875
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	5,625	3,950	1,680
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	13,190	9,600	3,585
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	441,060	214,055	227,005
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	134,160	54,685	79,475
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	306,895	159,365	147,530
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	69.6	74.5	65.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	45,470	24,620	20,855
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	24,535	10,965	13,575
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	40,530	17,955	22,575
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	33,030	14,600	18,435
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	30,880	13,740	17,145
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	28,585	13,665	14,920
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	24,495	13,115	11,385
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	18,830	11,040	7,795
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	14,635	9,055	5,580
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	45,885	30,620	15,265
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	11,885	7,340	4,545
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	11,140	6,320	4,815
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	22,855	16,955	5,905
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	69,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	61,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	59,580	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	33,153	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	30,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	152,020	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	88,222	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	77,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	211,600	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	87,775	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	73,524	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	59,540	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	42,475	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	36,039	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	152,060	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	105,511	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	88,201	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	211,595	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	3,110	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	2,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	6,590	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	8,450	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	9,765	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	8,765	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	8,930	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	9,460	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	9,145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	8,745	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	16,580	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	14,835	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	13,300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	12,360	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	11,395	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	67,325	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	22,110	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	15,255	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	17,105	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	12,855	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	211,595	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	3,270	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	2,935	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	6,675	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	8,790	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	10,870	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	9,740	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	10,335	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	10,915	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	10,750	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	10,320	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	19,135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	16,905	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	15,590	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	13,635	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	11,590	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	50,140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	20,900	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	12,690	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	16,550	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	146,680	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	88,506	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	77,524	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	49,660	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	78,534	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	69,175	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	66,375	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	114,867	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	98,603	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	26,390	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	52,546	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	48,903	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	146,805	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	105,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	88,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	49,700	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	96,059	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	79,825	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	66,505	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	130,511	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	107,794	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	26,325	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	63,514	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	56,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	77,185	37,400	39,790
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	29,985	31,606	28,738
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	27,742	28,856	26,908
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	76,920	37,110	39,815
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	39,322	40,905	37,847
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	33,571	34,253	32,936
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	527,930	258,710	269,220
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	260,965	124,270	136,695
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	55,730	27,035	28,695
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	52,770	23,585	29,185
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	50,855	23,990	26,865
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	50,490	24,340	26,150
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	51,115	25,320	25,800
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	266,965	134,440	132,525
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	52,125	25,900	26,225
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	54,610	27,345	27,265
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	55,585	27,975	27,605
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	56,995	28,840	28,160
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	47,650	24,375	23,275
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	527,930	258,710	269,225
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	105,460	54,260	51,200
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	33,955	17,450	16,505
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	335,605	165,250	170,355
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	86,865	39,195	47,670
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	80,915	37,515	43,405
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	22,175	11,290	10,885
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	7,760	3,925	3,830
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	48,630	22,665	25,965
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	10,110	3,555	6,555
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	15.3	14.5	16.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	21.0	20.8	21.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	22.9	22.5	23.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	14.5	13.7	15.2
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	11.6	9.1	13.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	64,745	30,875	33,870
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	16,530	8,410	8,115
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	5,885	2,980	2,905
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	41,745	20,240	21,500
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	6,470	2,220	4,250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	12.3	11.9	12.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	15.7	15.5	15.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	17.3	17.1	17.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	12.4	12.2	12.6
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	7.4	5.7	8.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	527,930	258,710	269,225
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	518,185	254,795	263,395
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	517,735	254,560	263,170
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	30,835	13,600	17,230
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	151,090	72,345	78,745
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	225	110	115
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	95	55	40
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	25	10	15
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	10	10	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	15	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	10	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	60	40	25
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	55	35	25
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	10	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	115	55	60
Cayuga	125	40	85	40	15	20
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	95	55	45
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	150,865	72,240	78,630
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	16,100	8,285	7,815
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	15	0	10
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	15	0	10
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	1,180	480	700
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	85	35	50
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	1,100	450	650
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	14,980	7,825	7,155
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	260	135	125
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	12,060	6,295	5,760
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	2,820	1,420	1,395
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	315	160	150
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	500	280	215
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	235	120	115
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	140	65	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	60	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	65	30	30
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	4,590	2,145	2,440
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,010	440	565
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	3,605	1,725	1,885
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	6,535	2,605	3,935
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	25	15	10
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	190	55	135
Fijian	1,660	955	705	25	15	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	60	20	40
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	455	180	275
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	220	105	120
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	40	15	25
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	6,075	2,405	3,665
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	60	20	45
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	690	330	360
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	75	30	50
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	255	125	125
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	365	175	190
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	1,615	770	845
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	55	35	20
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	820	380	440
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	695	330	365
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	155	95	65
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	104,685	50,190	54,490
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	1,570	785	785
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	395	195	200
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	29,495	13,875	15,620
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	825	350	475
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	365	155	205
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	460	190	270
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	28,720	13,555	15,170
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	30	10	25
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,295	665	625
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	105	40	70
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	6,780	3,310	3,470
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,290	590	700
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	730	325	405
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	8,610	3,840	4,770
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	2,450	1,180	1,275
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	6,280	3,180	3,100
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	380	185	195
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	530	260	275
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	675	285	395
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	2,105	855	1,250
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	190	115	70
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	135	55	80
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	60	30	25
Welsh	1,690	830	860	25	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	50	20	35
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	9,610	4,285	5,325
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	290	130	155
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	220	85	135
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	3,060	1,415	1,640
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	110	55	50
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	5,940	2,630	3,310
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	35	15	20
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	155	70	85
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	40	30	20
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	60	15	35
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	10	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	2,205	1,170	1,030
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	20,460	10,285	10,175
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	16,275	8,195	8,080
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	1,580	780	795
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	1,750	925	825
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	4,415	2,245	2,175
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	80	30	50
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	125	80	45
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	210	110	95
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	10	10	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	6,645	3,405	3,235
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	210	100	110
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	290	150	145
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	5,560	2,745	2,810
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	4,395	2,180	2,210
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	1,550	795	755
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	355	200	160
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	2,690	1,310	1,380
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	135	75	60
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	43,090	20,605	22,485
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	15	10	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	20,665	9,865	10,805
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	9,260	4,615	4,640
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	1,985	935	1,050
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	12,355	5,750	6,610
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	80	60	20
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	655	325	325
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	10
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	10	0	10
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	1,720	770	950
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	2,675	1,265	1,410
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	405	200	205
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	30	10	25
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	45	15	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	20	10	15
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	40	15	25
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	50	25	20
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	190	130	60
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	335	150	180
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	65	25	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	195	85	105
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	340	145	200
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	685	315	375
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	15	10	15
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	205	105	100
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	455	210	245
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	255	125	130
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	20	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	230	115	115
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	815	355	460
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	375	120	250
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	450	235	215
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	8,945	4,345	4,600
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	8,545	4,130	4,415
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	3,430	1,630	1,800
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	50	20	30
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	5,345	2,600	2,745
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	20	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	245	105	145
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	130	60	70
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	370	180	190
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	395	210	185
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	65	40	25
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	360	185	175
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	775	380	400
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	520	250	270
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	355	170	185
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	945	475	475
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	50	20	30
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	875	440	435
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	15	0	10
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	35	20	15
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	2,945	1,345	1,600
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	170	75	90
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	55	25	30
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	2,720	1,240	1,475
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	235	140	95
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	527,930	258,710	269,220
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	497,490	244,095	253,390
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	100,610	51,815	48,795
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	396,875	192,280	204,600
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	30,445	14,615	15,835
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	527,930	258,710	269,225
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	391,335	193,900	197,430
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	130,365	61,495	68,875
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	50,625	23,640	26,985
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	16,570	8,115	8,455
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	23,695	11,370	12,330
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	26,330	12,075	14,250
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	12,920	5,880	7,035
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	13,410	6,190	7,215
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	13,150	6,295	6,855
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	6,230	3,315	2,920
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	130,370	61,495	68,875
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	14,640	7,220	7,420
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	26,920	13,595	13,325
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	31,680	14,125	17,560
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	48,430	22,665	25,760
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	8,695	3,880	4,815
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	130,365	61,490	68,875
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	17,010	7,520	9,490
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	330	145	180
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	1,395	640	755
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	1,595	775	825
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	1,230	515	715
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	210	105	105
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	2,780	1,255	1,525
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	600	290	310
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	225	110	115
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,250	510	735
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	3,900	1,600	2,300
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	3,490	1,580	1,910
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	63,400	30,100	33,295
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	2,710	1,380	1,330
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	4,800	2,345	2,450
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	385	185	205
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	3,020	1,345	1,675
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	1,355	725	630
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	1,490	700	790
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	575	280	295
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	10,790	5,230	5,560
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	2,495	1,235	1,260
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	5,775	2,610	3,165
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	5,600	2,800	2,800
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	1,710	790	920
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	700	290	410
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	1,730	830	900
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	855	365	490
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	13,965	6,370	7,590
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	5,445	2,625	2,820
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	7,495	3,610	3,880
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	70	40	35
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	805	435	365
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	355	145	205
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	440	195	245
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	175	95	75
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	415	200	215
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	580	215	365
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	635	300	335
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	4,020	1,980	2,035
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	42,025	20,045	21,985
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	945	460	490
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	1,020	505	515
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	3,875	1,740	2,140
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	630	300	330
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	6,585	3,280	3,305
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	1,190	575	620
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	4,750	2,405	2,345
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	210	80	125
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	1,095	485	610
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	965	455	515
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	3,685	1,790	1,895
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	5,890	2,345	3,545
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	600	300	300
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	1,820	930	890
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	245	120	130
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	2,785	1,280	1,500
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	5,725	3,005	2,725
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	440	220	220
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	13,150	6,300	6,855
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	2,015	1,055	960
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	45	25	25
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	260	125	135
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	115	50	60
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	90	45	45
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	310	185	125
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	110	55	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	540	290	245
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	530	270	255
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	1,865	900	965
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	45	20	25
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	40	25	20
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	55	45	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	15	10	10
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	100	35	65
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	115	40	80
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	80	25	55
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	365	200	165
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	1,045	520	525
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	1,665	735	930
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	15	10	10
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	45	25	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	155	90	60
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	10
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	210	95	115
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	60	20	40
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	85	35	50
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	30	20	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	110	45	65
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	145	65	75
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	45	25	20
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	750	305	445
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	7,555	3,580	3,975
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	115	55	60
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	125	60	65
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	645	260	385
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	10	10	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	1,010	505	500
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	255	115	130
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	1,095	555	540
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	45	20	20
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	30	10	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	130	45	90
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	160	80	85
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	50	20	30
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	695	320	380
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	1,080	415	665
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	65	25	35
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	35	15	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,240	670	570
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	45	35	10
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	100	70	35
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	110	45	65
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	510	260	250
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	45	25	25
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	30	10	20
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	15	15	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	527,930	258,710	269,220
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	138,540	65,845	72,685
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	133,170	66,055	67,115
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	256,225	126,805	129,420
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	81,230	38,625	42,605
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	30,250	14,990	15,255
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	11,460	7,175	4,285
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	18,790	7,820	10,975
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	25,160	10,330	14,830
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	24,535	12,695	11,835
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	1,285	610	675
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	527,930	258,710	269,225
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	12,135	5,890	6,245
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	11,655	5,645	6,005
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	8,445	4,050	4,400
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	3,085	1,555	1,525
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	125	45	85
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	185	90	100
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	290	150	140
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	515,795	252,820	262,975
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	527,930	258,705	269,220
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	4,430	2,105	2,325
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	523,500	256,600	266,895
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	527,930	258,710	269,220
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	2,435	1,165	1,270
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	2,405	1,155	1,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	2,125	1,025	1,105
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	265	130	135
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	30	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	15,230	7,370	7,860
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	14,975	7,265	7,710
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	11,880	5,780	6,100
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	2,915	1,425	1,490
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	180	60	120
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	255	110	150
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	235	95	140
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	10	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	510,270	250,170	260,090
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	527,930	258,710	269,225
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	100,060	48,800	51,255
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	22,105	11,060	11,055
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	10,070	4,875	5,195
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	20,245	9,920	10,325
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	8,150	3,480	4,670
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	8,425	4,015	4,415
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	10,330	5,520	4,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	6,505	3,115	3,390
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	4,800	2,390	2,415
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	2,090	990	1,095
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	1,060	465	590
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	2,530	1,225	1,305
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	3,745	1,755	1,990
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	427,875	209,905	217,970
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	527,930	258,710	269,225
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	17,665	8,535	9,130
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	14,290	6,920	7,375
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	215	75	145
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	3,450	1,665	1,785
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	129,550	64,130	65,420
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	695	370	330
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	5,940	2,835	3,105
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	124,935	61,895	63,040
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	20	10	10
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	285	125	160
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	95	40	55
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	60	25	30
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	120	50	75
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	60	30	30
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	383,000	187,360	195,640
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	224,420	108,830	115,590
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	65	30	35
Cornish	1,975	995	975	25	10	15
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	130,705	62,925	67,780
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	87,825	41,710	46,120
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	120	50	70
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	98,765	47,270	51,485
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	9,970	4,660	5,305
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	15,030	7,135	7,895
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	43,650	20,820	22,825
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	25	15	15
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	10	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	43,620	20,805	22,820
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	78,950	38,490	40,460
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	3,400	1,635	1,760
Bavarian	940	485	455	15	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	1,570	835	745
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	28,400	14,010	14,390
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	140	90	50
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	165	95	70
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	50,400	24,295	26,105
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	20	10	10
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	1,460	695	765
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	55	25	30
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	8,540	3,975	4,565
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	2,305	1,080	1,230
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	1,675	825	850
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	320	160	155
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	1,785	780	1,005
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	2,535	1,155	1,385
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	480	235	250
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	67,920	32,655	35,265
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	450	230	215
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	200	70	135
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	2,410	1,190	1,220
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	940	395	545
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	615	300	315
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	11,220	5,370	5,850
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	970	485	480
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	1,975	910	1,065
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	45	15	25
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	28,440	13,845	14,595
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	4,500	2,120	2,380
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	5,740	2,720	3,025
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	2,040	1,070	975
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	18,990	9,060	9,930
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	310	135	180
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	110,330	55,455	54,880
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,645	815	835
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	2,115	1,045	1,065
Catalan	1,280	740	535	25	25	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	10,360	5,210	5,150
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	110	55	55
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	5,030	2,670	2,365
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	62,335	31,400	30,935
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	305	145	155
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	1,265	700	565
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	1,105	590	515
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	175	100	80
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	16,225	8,250	7,980
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	7,590	3,965	3,620
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	610	270	340
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,920	920	1,005
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	6,285	2,825	3,460
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	1,220	660	560
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	70	35	30
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	2,760	1,320	1,440
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	35	25	10
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	1,465	665	800
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	300	145	155
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	175	90	85
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	835	425	410
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	12,725	6,015	6,710
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	65	30	35
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	80	25	60
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	685	315	365
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	90	55	35
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	35	15	15
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	750	345	410
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	400	205	195
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	350	170	180
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	345	145	195
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	7,460	3,515	3,940
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	45	35	15
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	45	20	15
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	115	50	60
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	1,765	850	915
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	210	120	95
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,070	430	640
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	420	200	215
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	11,785	5,575	6,205
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	415	200	220
Arawak	1,440	610	830	55	20	35
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	410	215	195
Belizean	1,755	915	845	25	10	15
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	55	35	20
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	530	235	300
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	510	220	290
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	1,915	910	1,005
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	100	35	60
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	290	155	135
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	815	395	420
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,835	885	955
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	265	120	150
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	255	90	165
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	130	60	70
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	1,275	625	650
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	315	135	180
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	70	35	35
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	25	10	15
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	325	180	140
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	2,190	1,080	1,105
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	95	55	45
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	225	90	135
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	630	280	355
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	14,435	7,190	7,250
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	3,255	1,630	1,625
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	25	10	15
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	130	55	75
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	25	20	10
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	15	0	10
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	25	15	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	160	85	75
Chadian	1,845	955	885	275	125	150
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	710	355	360
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	10	0	10
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	870	430	435
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	40	15	25
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	60	45	15
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	25	15	15
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	40	20	15
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	810	450	365
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	25	10	25
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	40	25	10
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	35	10	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	115	35	85
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	2,595	1,435	1,160
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	135	80	55
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	30	15	15
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	50	35	15
Dinka	900	500	400	35	20	20
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	1,315	715	600
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	140	80	60
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	285	165	120
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	645	365	280
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	45	30	15
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	80	40	40
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	4,270	2,045	2,225
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	10	10	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	40	20	20
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	85	45	40
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	85	40	50
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	10	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	185	85	100
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	450	220	235
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	255	95	160
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	30	15	15
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	55	45	20
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	285	140	145
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	1,250	535	710
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	715	375	335
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	120	45	80
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	110	60	55
Zambian	1,860	935	920	45	20	30
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	425	205	220
Zulu	945	475	475	95	55	40
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	275	135	135
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	4,560	2,180	2,380
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	725	350	380
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	3,885	1,865	2,025
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	74,200	36,010	38,195
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	21,110	10,695	10,410
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	1,495	735	760
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	2,725	1,415	1,315
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	960	475	485
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	2,070	1,035	1,030
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	75	30	40
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	30	15	15
Hazara	1,515	810	705	45	35	10
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	1,975	980	1,000
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	3,295	1,695	1,600
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	320	170	145
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	605	310	290
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	25	10	15
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	1,460	730	730
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	10	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	2,090	980	1,115
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	1,585	870	720
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	115	60	50
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	125	65	60
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	1,635	870	760
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	20	10	10
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	1,240	605	630
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	20	10	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	15	10	10
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	10	10	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	300	155	145
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	595	290	300
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	22,990	11,455	11,535
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	885	440	445
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	350	190	160
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	15	10	10
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	15,790	7,915	7,880
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	50	20	25
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	100	35	65
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	70	25	40
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	175	95	85
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	3,935	1,945	1,990
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	1,190	590	595
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	155	85	70
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	790	360	430
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	125	65	65
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	1,010	500	505
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	30,650	14,170	16,485
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	75	40	35
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	1,395	640	755
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	12,555	5,915	6,645
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	8,820	3,845	4,975
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	200	80	125
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	1,395	615	775
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	385	205	180
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	2,135	1,035	1,105
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	760	335	425
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	200	95	110
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	60	25	35
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	175	80	95
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	450	190	260
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	4,170	2,015	2,155
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	90	40	50
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	430	190	240
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	435	190	245
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	825	425	400
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	490	255	235
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	180	95	80
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	170	85	85
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	60	25	35
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	15	10	10
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	35	15	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	25	25	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	30	0	25
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	211,600	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	143,050	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	68,545	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	211,595	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	21,040	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	190,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	1,265	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	29,840	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	44,235	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	85,380	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	50,880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	211,595	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	51,925	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	29,685	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	32,915	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	30,960	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	66,105	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	208,140	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	3,455	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	211,595	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	200,675	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	10,925	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	74,470	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	61,565	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	24,785	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	20,635	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	9,835	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	10,165	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	10,155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	196,785	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	14,815	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	124,255	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	81,765	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	5,580	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	211,595	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	5,325	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	27,955	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	34,220	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	44,050	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	43,335	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	30,660	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	18,175	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	7,875	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	210,795	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	155,740	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	55,055	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	48,330	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	142,455	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	60.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	16.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,227	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,350	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	399,370	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	430,555	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	68,525	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	15.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	45.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	892	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	947	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	441,055	214,025	227,030
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	87,880	43,720	44,155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	125,450	62,085	63,355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	227,735	108,215	119,520
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	30,600	21,575	9,025
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	14,470	8,640	5,830
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	16,130	12,930	3,195
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	99,070	42,415	56,655
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	8,155	3,530	4,625
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	89,910	40,695	49,210
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	60,000	26,045	33,960
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	5,980	2,570	3,410
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	3,050	1,655	1,395
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	17,025	8,005	9,010
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	3,860	2,425	1,435
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	285,660	139,455	146,205
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	34,945	19,070	15,875
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	74,620	38,465	36,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	176,095	81,925	94,170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	20,770	14,595	6,170
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	9,920	5,950	3,965
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	10,850	8,645	2,205
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	78,170	33,605	44,565
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	5,700	2,445	3,260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	71,455	31,285	40,170
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	47,145	20,005	27,140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	4,690	1,875	2,810
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	2,490	1,245	1,245
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	14,090	6,385	7,700
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	3,040	1,770	1,270
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	441,060	214,025	227,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	213,325	105,810	107,515
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	13,525	3,515	10,010
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	13,525	3,515	10,005
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	9,155	4,350	4,810
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	1,705	1,235	465
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	7,455	3,115	4,340
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	13,365	5,225	8,135
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	1,175	235	940
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	3,515	1,100	2,415
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	3,145	1,120	2,030
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	85	35	45
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	1,110	630	480
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	1,140	680	460
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	2,470	1,330	1,140
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	725	105	620
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	28,090	9,150	18,935
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	260	60	195
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	2,995	1,270	1,730
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	5,240	350	4,890
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	3,645	1,140	2,510
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	665	115	550
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	3,670	935	2,735
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	11,605	5,275	6,330
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	41,430	16,100	25,330
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	70	10	65
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	4,190	645	3,545
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	37,160	15,445	21,715
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	9,390	4,845	4,545
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	4,130	1,835	2,295
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	1,785	760	1,015
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	90	45	45
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	2,840	2,025	815
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	550	180	370
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	7,840	4,845	2,990
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	5,740	3,775	1,965
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	625	80	545
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	1,340	895	445
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	135	100	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	47,875	44,150	3,725
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	2,095	1,600	500
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	8,665	7,335	1,330
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	11,470	10,175	1,295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	9,340	9,170	175
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	9,815	9,645	175
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	6,470	6,230	240
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	3,330	1,935	1,395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	2,295	1,285	1,015
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	1,030	650	385
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	39,315	7,220	32,090
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	3,435	1,595	1,835
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	34,830	5,050	29,780
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	1,055	575	480
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	14,370	6,865	7,505
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	8,210	2,015	6,190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	75	50	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	50	50	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	3,995	2,865	1,130
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	2,040	1,880	155
Other	3,170	885	2,280	55	0	45
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	55	10	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	285,655	139,455	146,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	109,570	57,530	52,035
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	9,840	2,535	7,305
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	9,835	2,530	7,305
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	7,050	3,325	3,725
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	1,200	870	330
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	5,845	2,450	3,395
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	10,095	3,815	6,280
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	945	185	760
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	2,630	805	1,830
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	2,400	840	1,560
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	75	25	45
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	810	450	365
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	790	450	340
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	1,890	985	905
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	550	70	480
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	22,145	7,030	15,115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	215	50	165
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	2,515	1,045	1,470
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	4,000	245	3,755
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	3,070	815	2,255
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	525	90	435
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	2,820	665	2,155
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	9,005	4,115	4,885
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	32,985	12,525	20,460
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	65	0	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	3,410	510	2,900
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	29,505	12,005	17,500
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	7,080	3,475	3,605
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	3,135	1,335	1,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	1,295	545	755
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	70	40	30
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	2,135	1,430	705
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	445	125	315
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	6,715	4,260	2,460
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	5,165	3,440	1,720
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	400	55	350
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	1,030	670	355
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	125	90	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	35,730	32,620	3,110
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	1,705	1,315	395
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	6,640	5,475	1,165
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	8,940	7,845	1,095
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	6,555	6,405	150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	7,410	7,285	125
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	4,465	4,295	170
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	2,670	1,475	1,190
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,815	955	860
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	850	520	330
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	30,615	5,600	25,015
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	2,665	1,220	1,445
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	27,070	3,940	23,130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	875	440	440
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	11,130	5,265	5,870
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	6,235	1,435	4,795
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	45	20	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	3,215	2,295	920
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	1,615	1,480	130
Other	2,590	745	1,845	45	10	40
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	50	10	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	441,055	214,030	227,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	213,325	105,810	107,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	227,730	108,215	119,520
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	192,210	90,580	101,625
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	183,530	86,495	97,035
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	8,675	4,085	4,585
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	35,530	17,635	17,895
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	5,835	2,865	2,970
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	2,485	820	1,665
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	2,960	1,525	1,440
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	4,150	2,325	1,825
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	1,415	615	800
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	195	110	85
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	18,490	9,385	9,110
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	285,660	139,460	146,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	109,565	57,530	52,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	176,095	81,925	94,170
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	150,165	69,735	80,430
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	143,670	66,655	77,015
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	6,495	3,080	3,415
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	25,925	12,190	13,735
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	4,610	2,155	2,450
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	2,030	660	1,375
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	2,330	1,140	1,190
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	1,865	1,000	870
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	1,150	485	660
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	165	95	70
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	13,775	6,655	7,120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	441,055	214,025	227,035
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	278,640	144,050	134,585
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	259,065	133,290	125,775
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	19,575	10,760	8,810
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	162,415	69,970	92,440
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	63.2	67.3	59.3
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	58.7	62.3	55.4
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.0	7.5	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	441,060	214,030	227,030
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	154,910	66,825	88,090
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	286,140	147,200	138,940
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	149,070	83,445	65,625
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	137,070	63,760	73,310
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.1	43.4	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	278,640	144,055	134,585
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	6,655	3,395	3,260
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	271,985	140,660	131,325
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	243,900	122,890	121,010
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	28,085	17,770	10,320
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	278,640	144,055	134,590
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	6,655	3,395	3,260
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	271,990	140,660	131,325
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	26,770	16,430	10,340
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	38,810	11,560	27,255
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	15,600	12,580	3,015
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	21,740	4,200	17,545
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	33,110	10,730	22,380
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	7,760	3,625	4,130
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	66,560	27,500	39,060
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	40,685	38,320	2,365
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	4,685	3,595	1,090
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	16,275	12,125	4,145
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	278,645	144,055	134,585
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	6,655	3,395	3,260
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	271,985	140,660	131,330
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	2,860	1,750	1,115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	315	285	35
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	1,315	990	320
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	20,110	17,610	2,500
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	33,155	25,375	7,780
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	11,105	7,770	3,340
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	32,200	14,575	17,625
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	11,465	8,525	2,940
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	5,545	3,205	2,345
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	10,830	4,335	6,500
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	4,870	2,600	2,270
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	15,705	8,550	7,155
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	400	170	230
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	14,125	8,360	5,765
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	24,300	8,100	16,200
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	36,280	6,460	29,825
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	4,840	2,580	2,260
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	18,320	7,285	11,040
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	11,740	5,520	6,220
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	12,485	6,625	5,860
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	259,065	133,290	125,775
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	15,785	7,575	8,210
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	985	720	265
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	29,165	21,435	7,730
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	213,130	103,560	109,570
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	213,135	103,560	109,575
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	142,620	63,325	79,290
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	70,100	40,005	30,090
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	420	230	190
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	242,295	124,990	117,300
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	183,830	99,285	84,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	17,350	7,800	9,555
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	25,540	10,615	14,930
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	11,210	4,710	6,495
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	2,245	1,585	660
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	2,120	1,005	1,115
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	242,295	124,990	117,300
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	52,365	23,475	28,885
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	92,595	44,985	47,615
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	47,840	26,055	21,785
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	21,280	12,710	8,570
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	28,215	17,765	10,445
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	242,295	124,990	117,305
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	21,160	15,895	5,270
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	45,135	28,000	17,130
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	58,895	28,360	30,530
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	48,540	18,960	29,585
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	26,495	10,970	15,525
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	42,075	22,810	19,265
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	295,380	151,820	143,555
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	292,690	150,525	142,165
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	291,015	149,605	141,410
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	289,890	149,295	140,590
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,125	310	815
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	1,670	920	755
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	1,675	915	760
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	105	60	50
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	105	55	50
Amharic	200	95	100	10	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	95	45	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	120	55	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	10	0	10
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	120	55	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	890	505	390
Albanian	350	220	125	30	20	10
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	285	175	115
Baltic languages	95	35	60	10	10	10
Latvian	40	10	25	10	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	280	170	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	35	10	20
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	40	30	10
Czech	70	40	30	10	10	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	65	35	30
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	25	15	10
Serbian	530	320	210	90	65	30
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	15	0	10
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	205	125	85
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	180	100	75
Bengali	530	275	245	10	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	30	15	10
Hindi	1,405	755	650	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	85	45	40
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	50	30	20
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	25	20	10
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	25	20	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	350	175	170
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	20	10	10
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	160	110	50
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	160	55	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	30	20	15
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	55	10	40
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	10	10	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	420	250	170
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	400	240	165
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	165	120	50
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	220	115	105
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	15	10	10
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	20	10	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	10	10	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	10	10	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	2,685	1,295	1,390
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	690	260	430
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	1,960	1,025	935
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	35	15	30
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	295,375	151,825	143,555
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	284,555	146,755	137,800
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	1,545	610	935
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	3,005	1,105	1,900
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	6,080	3,250	2,830
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	6,065	3,240	2,820
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	10
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	20	10	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	170	85	85
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	522,360	255,865	266,500
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	460,065	225,005	235,060
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	62,295	30,860	31,440
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	40,575	19,930	20,645
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	21,720	10,925	10,790
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	17,035	8,385	8,655
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	15,315	7,470	7,850
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,715	915	800
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	4,680	2,545	2,140
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	499,650	244,260	255,390
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	320,160	156,205	163,955
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	179,495	88,060	91,435
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	113,675	55,500	58,175
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	65,820	32,565	33,260
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	50,675	24,805	25,865
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	46,210	22,620	23,595
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	4,460	2,185	2,270
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	15,150	7,755	7,390