Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and London, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			London, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : London, City [Census subdivision], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	383,822	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	366,151	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	175,558	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	163,140	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	913.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	420.35	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	383,825	185,610	198,215
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	61,885	31,580	30,300
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	20,300	10,455	9,840
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	21,235	10,835	10,400
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	20,350	10,285	10,060
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	258,180	126,295	131,890
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	22,645	11,520	11,130
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	30,230	15,255	14,975
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	28,585	14,265	14,325
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	26,210	12,870	13,340
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	23,730	11,595	12,135
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	23,070	11,220	11,845
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	24,565	11,960	12,610
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	28,515	13,800	14,715
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	27,210	12,915	14,295
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	23,425	10,890	12,530
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	63,760	27,735	36,020
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	20,555	9,525	11,035
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	14,720	6,720	8,000
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	10,960	4,900	6,065
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	8,345	3,465	4,875
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	9,170	3,120	6,050
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	5,510	2,085	3,430
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	2,895	850	2,045
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	665	170	500
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	95	15	80
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	16.1	17.0	15.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	67.3	68.0	66.5
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.6	14.9	18.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.4	1.7	3.1
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.5	39.3	41.7
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	39.7	38.1	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	81,145	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	33,985	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	47,860	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	5,885	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	20,575	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	4,360	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	16,870	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	175	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	52,190	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	55,300	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	23,975	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	20,375	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	11,300	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	378,040	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	321,940	154,030	167,910
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	172,210	85,980	86,230
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	142,360	71,055	71,305
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	29,850	14,930	14,920
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	149,725	68,045	81,680
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	98,445	51,810	46,640
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	11,175	4,655	6,520
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	21,890	8,030	13,860
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	18,220	3,555	14,665
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	104,190	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	53,665	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	22,425	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	19,255	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	8,840	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	104,190	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	84,235	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	69,310	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	14,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	19,955	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	16,135	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	3,820	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	84,230	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	41,405	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	42,825	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	16,845	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	17,705	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	8,275	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	19,955	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	12,260	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	5,580	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	2,115	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	78,910	36,695	42,210
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	100,215	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	40,005	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	60,210	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,955	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	60,975	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	52,190	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	8,785	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	379,435	183,835	195,600
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	345,330	169,410	175,915
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	225	110	120
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	27,795	11,815	15,985
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	6,095	2,505	3,585
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	379,440	183,835	195,600
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	366,690	178,300	188,390
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	4,790	2,150	2,635
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	2,010	945	1,065
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	5,945	2,435	3,510
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	5,795	2,625	3,170
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.5	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	379,435	183,835	195,605
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	371,865	180,110	191,760
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	293,545	142,635	150,910
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	288,790	140,515	148,280
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	4,750	2,120	2,635
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	78,325	37,480	40,845
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	130	40	85
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	55	15	40
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	0	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	5
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	50	20	30
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	45	15	25
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	50	15	35
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	5	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	45	15	30
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	5	0	5
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	15	10	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	78,195	37,435	40,765
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	13,010	6,645	6,370
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	15	10	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	10	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	260	120	140
Bilen	805	455	350	5	0	5
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	15	5	10
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	235	110	125
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	5	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	12,720	6,500	6,225
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	260	130	130
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	10,580	5,415	5,170
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	1,040	520	520
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	210	100	105
Harari	1,320	635	685	5	5	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	135	75	60
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	185	100	85
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	250	125	125
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	2,500	1,140	1,360
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	770	355	415
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	1,730	785	945
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	1,880	725	1,155
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	5	0	5
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	80	25	55
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	25	5	20
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	165	75	85
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	130	60	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	10	5	5
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	1,445	540	905
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	25	5	15
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	70	30	40
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	40	10	25
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	1,345	710	630
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	55	30	25
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	825	420	400
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	320	170	155
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	140	90	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	44,840	21,375	23,465
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,005	520	485
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	90	50	45
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	11,180	5,200	5,975
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	215	85	130
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	70	30	40
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	145	55	85
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	10,960	5,115	5,850
Belarusan	810	385	430	10	5	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	615	300	315
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	75	35	40
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	785	390	395
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	350	165	185
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	90	40	50
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	5,165	2,375	2,790
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	1,320	600	720
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	805	415	390
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	330	160	170
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	310	140	165
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	200	80	120
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	875	400	470
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	35	15	20
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	30	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	15	5	10
Welsh	1,075	495	575	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	5,110	2,210	2,905
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	60	30	30
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	170	85	85
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	2,020	885	1,135
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	40	20	20
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	2,560	1,070	1,485
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	10	0	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	25	10	15
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	60	35	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	135	50	85
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	20	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	5	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,755	870	890
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	8,645	4,475	4,175
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	5,550	2,900	2,650
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	450	230	230
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	700	375	325
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	825	450	375
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	30	10	15
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	80	50	35
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	725	360	365
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	1,040	565	480
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	60	30	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	130	65	65
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	1,505	775	730
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	3,065	1,555	1,510
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	995	525	470
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	180	90	90
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	1,890	945	950
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	30	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	17,020	8,045	8,975
Catalan	865	440	425	15	5	10
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	2,930	1,430	1,500
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	4,605	2,155	2,445
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	810	370	440
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	8,660	4,085	4,575
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	10	5	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	230	90	140
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	2,690	1,250	1,445
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	655	315	340
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	65	35	40
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	5	0	5
Ewe	1,760	950	805	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	5	0	5
Ga	920	445	470	15	10	10
Ganda	1,295	625	665	20	10	15
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	45	25	20
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	20	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	40	20	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	35	15	20
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	40	15	20
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	130	60	70
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	5	5	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	65	35	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	150	65	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	195	85	105
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	110	50	55
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	90	35	50
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	160	90	75
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	95	55	35
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	70	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	8,725	4,080	4,645
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	8,475	3,955	4,520
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	1,965	930	1,035
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	20	15	10
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	5,825	2,695	3,130
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	125	50	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	100	40	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	435	225	210
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	245	125	125
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	30	15	10
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	195	95	100
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	20	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	190	80	110
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	120	55	60
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	65	25	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	440	245	195
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	45	25	20
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	330	180	150
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	25	20	10
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	10	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	25	20	10
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	1,190	540	645
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	40	15	25
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	95	40	60
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	1,055	490	565
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	60	25	35
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	7,565	3,725	3,845
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	1,035	465	570
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	6,050	3,025	3,025
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	240	120	120
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	240	115	130
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	379,435	183,835	195,605
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	362,745	175,735	187,015
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	323,770	157,160	166,610
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	322,205	156,440	165,760
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	1,570	720	850
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	38,975	18,575	20,405
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	30	10	15
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	5	5	5
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	10	5	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	15	10	10
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	5	0
Oneida	15	5	10	10	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	38,950	18,560	20,385
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	7,345	3,615	3,735
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	5	5	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	120	50	75
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	5	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	120	50	70
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	7,210	3,555	3,660
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	115	60	60
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	6,120	3,010	3,115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	660	320	335
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	120	60	55
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	55	35	20
Maltese	1,130	525	605	15	10	10
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	100	50	45
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	1,535	700	835
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	445	205	245
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	1,090	495	590
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	715	310	405
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	15	5	15
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	5	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	60	30	30
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	45	25	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	5	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	590	255	340
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	5	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	700	375	325
Kannada	1,630	825	800	15	10	5
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	475	250	230
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	145	75	65
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	60	35	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	19,575	9,320	10,260
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	465	225	240
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	35	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	4,845	2,335	2,505
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	40	15	25
Latvian	1,255	530	725	10	5	5
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	30	10	20
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	4,805	2,325	2,485
Belarusan	230	105	120	10	5	5
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	300	150	150
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	40	20	20
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	290	145	145
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	100	55	55
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	35	15	20
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	2,405	1,140	1,265
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	710	345	360
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	395	210	180
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	140	65	75
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	35	15	20
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	255	120	140
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	10	5	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	10	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	5	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	395	185	210
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	20	10	15
Danish	855	410	445	15	5	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	95	50	45
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	245	110	135
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	10	0	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	715	340	380
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	5,080	2,535	2,550
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	3,175	1,595	1,585
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	255	130	125
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	350	175	180
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	410	215	195
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	10	5	5
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	40	20	15
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	660	320	340
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	530	270	255
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	70	35	30
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	840	415	425
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	1,895	935	955
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	600	305	300
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	105	50	55
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	1,180	580	600
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	8,040	3,680	4,355
Catalan	355	165	190	10	5	5
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	730	315	415
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	1,790	820	970
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	320	155	170
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	5,185	2,385	2,800
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	90	45	45
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	2,020	925	1,090
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	170	70	105
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	10	5	10
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	5	5	0
Ganda	345	160	185	5	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	10	5	10
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	10	5	5
Shona	1,035	475	560	5	5	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	55	20	35
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	40	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	70	35	35
Dinka	1,130	580	550	35	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	35	20	20
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	185	100	85
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	100	55	40
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	85	45	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	5,925	2,770	3,160
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	5,765	2,690	3,075
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	1,135	520	610
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	5	0	5
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	4,230	1,960	2,270
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	50	20	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	50	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	290	160	135
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	160	80	80
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	15	5	5
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	140	65	70
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	65	30	35
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	40	20	20
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	30	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	225	115	110
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	15	5	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	165	80	85
Uyghur	610	315	290	20	10	5
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	20	15	10
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	310	150	160
Estonian	975	365	610	5	5	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	0	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	300	145	155
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	10	5	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	16,685	8,100	8,590
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	700	315	380
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	15,510	7,570	7,940
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	85	35	55
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	395	180	210
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	379,435	183,835	195,600
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	331,785	161,040	170,750
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	17,425	8,500	8,920
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	4,350	1,765	2,585
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	24,985	12,105	12,885
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	210	85	130
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	24,775	12,020	12,755
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	190	80	105
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	275	150	130
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	415	190	225
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	316,310	151,795	164,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	302,895	145,275	157,620
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	32,599	37,171	29,160
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	302,955	145,285	157,670
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	29,847	33,490	26,981
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	266,180	129,710	136,470
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	31,794	37,224	27,119
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	226,435	101,370	125,065
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	4,893	2,432	6,249
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	218,330	110,850	107,480
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	32,141	35,864	29,087
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	316,315	151,785	164,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	302,850	145,205	157,650
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,663	49,691	38,110
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	302,920	145,210	157,710
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	36,680	40,932	32,766
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	266,335	129,795	136,545
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	43,227	50,266	36,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	226,850	101,750	125,105
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,539	6,793	8,147
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	218,330	110,710	107,620
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	42,102	47,369	36,683
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	316,310	151,785	164,525
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	103,075	55,725	47,345
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	51,181	55,084	47,628
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	60,918	66,188	54,715
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	87.1	90.6	82.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	69.7	73.2	65.5
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	12.9	9.4	17.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	316,310	151,795	164,520
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	13,420	6,515	6,900
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	302,895	145,275	157,615
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.8	95.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	45,880	21,520	24,360
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	53,580	22,255	31,325
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	42,620	17,775	24,850
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	34,945	15,545	19,400
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	32,230	15,165	17,065
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	23,950	12,205	11,740
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	18,120	9,920	8,200
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	12,875	7,155	5,715
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	9,520	5,385	4,135
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	8,805	4,675	4,130
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	20,370	13,675	6,695
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	13,740	8,920	4,820
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	6,630	4,755	1,875
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	316,315	151,795	164,515
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	13,355	6,515	6,845
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	302,955	145,280	157,675
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.8	95.7	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	47,025	21,770	25,260
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	55,960	23,315	32,645
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	49,195	20,935	28,255
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	42,650	19,455	23,190
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	35,335	17,415	17,915
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	24,015	13,025	10,990
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	15,700	8,875	6,825
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	12,330	6,730	5,605
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	20,735	13,755	6,985
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	6,965	4,215	2,755
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	4,160	2,760	1,395
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	9,615	6,775	2,835
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	316,310	151,795	164,515
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	97,985	40,945	57,040
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	218,330	110,850	107,480
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	69.0	73.0	65.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	31,640	15,860	15,780
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	18,490	8,445	10,040
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	29,830	13,685	16,140
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	24,215	11,305	12,910
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	22,830	10,425	12,405
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	22,240	10,710	11,535
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	16,860	8,905	7,950
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	12,915	7,195	5,720
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	9,435	5,395	4,045
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	29,880	18,920	10,960
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	7,520	4,220	3,295
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	7,370	3,970	3,400
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	14,995	10,735	4,260
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	62,011	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	55,255	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	52,195	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	34,426	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	31,196	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	110,950	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	80,366	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	71,380	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	81,055	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	68,108	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	52,155	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	43,976	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	37,097	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	110,985	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	98,479	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	82,681	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	3,760	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	3,270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	5,685	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	7,085	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	7,890	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	7,335	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	7,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	7,735	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	7,645	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	7,505	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	13,655	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	12,030	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	10,680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	9,270	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	8,395	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	43,705	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	15,260	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	9,890	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	10,320	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	8,230	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	3,890	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	3,310	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	5,770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	7,420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	8,875	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	8,285	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	8,760	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	9,135	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	9,035	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	8,655	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	15,415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	13,295	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	11,795	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	9,935	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	7,850	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	31,715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	13,790	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	7,780	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	10,140	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	103,940	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	82,231	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	72,739	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	39,165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	78,959	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	69,621	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	43,110	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	106,089	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	91,951	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	18,845	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	47,671	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	44,948	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	103,940	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	100,561	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	84,210	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	39,110	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	95,368	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	79,518	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	43,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	125,270	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	103,802	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	18,775	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	57,544	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	51,022	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	71,430	33,610	37,825
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	28,925	28,276	29,491
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	26,809	26,096	27,342
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	71,290	33,895	37,390
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	38,872	39,876	37,962
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	33,084	33,393	32,804
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	378,040	183,295	194,750
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	204,490	97,145	107,340
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	52,090	25,315	26,780
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	41,090	18,580	22,510
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	37,850	17,815	20,035
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	37,205	17,835	19,365
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	36,260	17,600	18,660
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	173,550	86,145	87,405
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	35,820	17,505	18,320
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	35,500	17,465	18,035
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	35,845	17,870	17,970
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	34,670	17,240	17,430
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	31,715	16,070	15,640
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	378,040	183,295	194,745
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	74,290	37,945	36,345
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	24,310	12,520	11,785
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	243,980	118,780	125,195
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	59,770	26,570	33,205
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	71,030	33,265	37,765
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	18,490	9,425	9,070
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	6,535	3,360	3,175
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	45,365	21,285	24,075
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	7,170	2,550	4,620
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	18.8	18.1	19.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	24.9	24.8	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	26.9	26.8	26.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	18.6	17.9	19.2
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	12.0	9.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	43,860	21,640	22,220
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	9,905	5,075	4,835
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	3,640	1,875	1,765
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	32,390	15,920	16,465
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	1,565	645	920
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	11.6	11.8	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	13.3	13.4	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	15.0	15.0	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	13.3	13.4	13.2
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.6	2.4	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	378,040	183,295	194,750
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	371,950	180,845	191,105
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	371,650	180,695	190,960
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	27,820	11,845	15,975
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	97,285	46,925	50,365
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	295	90	200
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	145	50	100
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	10	0	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	125	45	85
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	125	40	90
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	10	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	135	40	95
Cayuga	125	40	85	10	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	10	10
Oneida	180	60	125	110	35	80
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	15	0	15
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	10	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	96,995	46,830	50,165
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	16,875	8,685	8,190
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	15	10	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	10	0	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	415	185	235
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	15	10	10
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	395	170	230
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	10	10	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	16,435	8,490	7,940
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	415	210	200
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	14,400	7,440	6,960
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	1,360	680	680
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	250	135	115
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	325	185	140
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	240	125	115
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	410	200	215
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	95	60	40
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	3,340	1,540	1,800
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,140	555	585
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	2,210	995	1,215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	2,575	1,005	1,570
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	20	0	15
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	130	35	90
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	35	15	20
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	230	90	140
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	10	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	185	95	90
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	15	0	10
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	2,260	850	1,405
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	45	20	25
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	215	110	110
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	30	15	10
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	80	35	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	110	55	50
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	1,785	885	900
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	165	85	80
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	1,025	485	535
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	555	290	260
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	205	110	100
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	57,520	27,650	29,870
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	1,120	570	545
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	145	60	85
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	13,220	6,480	6,740
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	255	110	145
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	110	60	55
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	145	55	90
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	12,980	6,375	6,610
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	75	35	40
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	890	475	410
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	90	35	50
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	1,215	625	595
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	420	220	205
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	150	70	80
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	6,100	2,985	3,115
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	2,280	1,100	1,180
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	1,340	695	645
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	450	210	250
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	365	185	180
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	230	100	135
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	1,020	445	580
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	30	10	15
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	120	55	65
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	55	20	30
Welsh	1,690	830	860	25	0	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	45	35	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	7,095	3,280	3,810
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	175	85	90
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	245	110	135
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	2,255	905	1,350
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	55	30	30
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	4,195	2,050	2,140
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	15	0	10
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	70	35	35
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	170	85	85
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	100	55	45
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	30	25	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	10	10	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	2,540	1,310	1,230
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	11,000	5,515	5,485
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	7,775	3,955	3,830
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	530	250	280
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	870	485	390
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	3,025	1,615	1,415
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	10	10	10
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	100	50	50
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	860	425	435
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	10	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	1,920	1,030	895
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	120	50	70
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	160	65	95
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	2,450	1,210	1,240
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	3,340	1,630	1,705
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	1,040	540	500
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	280	145	130
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	2,195	1,040	1,160
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	23,775	11,135	12,645
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	15	0	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	4,470	2,170	2,300
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	5,875	2,795	3,080
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	1,020	485	540
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	13,155	6,020	7,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	35	15	15
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	715	335	375
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	10	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	10	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	3,020	1,440	1,580
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	1,245	675	575
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	155	75	80
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	10	0	10
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	10	0	10
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	20	0	20
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	30	15	15
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	60	40	25
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	90	55	35
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	50	35	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	55	25	35
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	60	30	30
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	340	165	175
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	10	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	245	150	90
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	310	165	145
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	220	115	105
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	35	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	185	95	90
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	830	320	505
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	480	175	310
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	355	155	205
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	9,165	4,375	4,795
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	8,940	4,255	4,685
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	2,405	1,120	1,280
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	20	10	10
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	6,765	3,190	3,575
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	15	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	165	60	105
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	175	70	110
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	420	220	205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	230	120	110
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	55	35	20
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	125	65	65
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	45	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	235	105	130
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	180	90	95
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	80	25	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	670	365	305
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	110	55	55
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	500	275	225
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	55	35	15
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	15	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	25	15	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	1,425	685	745
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	60	35	25
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	90	50	40
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	1,280	600	675
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	85	45	40
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	378,040	183,295	194,745
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	351,685	170,420	181,265
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	70,015	35,775	34,240
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	281,670	134,645	147,025
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	26,360	12,875	13,480
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	378,040	183,295	194,745
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	286,305	139,100	147,205
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	83,765	40,060	43,710
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	26,550	12,620	13,935
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	11,660	5,615	6,050
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	14,625	7,085	7,535
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	19,335	9,140	10,200
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	9,065	4,260	4,805
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	10,270	4,880	5,390
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	11,595	5,605	5,990
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	7,970	4,140	3,830
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	83,765	40,055	43,710
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	10,260	5,165	5,095
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	17,280	8,885	8,395
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	17,720	7,960	9,765
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	32,605	15,295	17,310
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	5,900	2,755	3,145
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	83,770	40,055	43,710
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	14,380	6,630	7,745
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	320	175	150
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	3,345	1,505	1,840
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	1,605	755	855
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	490	225	270
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	105	50	55
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	1,115	570	545
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	565	245	325
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	140	60	85
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	610	285	325
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	3,590	1,560	2,030
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	2,485	1,210	1,270
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	33,135	15,900	17,235
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	1,125	585	545
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	835	425	410
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	270	130	135
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	1,965	970	995
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	1,115	565	545
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	800	385	420
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	535	290	245
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	2,120	1,120	1,005
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	1,880	860	1,020
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	4,250	1,965	2,285
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	3,365	1,665	1,695
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	925	450	470
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	505	230	275
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	505	260	250
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	615	250	365
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	8,845	4,025	4,820
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	3,490	1,725	1,760
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	5,245	2,635	2,615
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	85	50	40
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	1,070	570	500
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	310	145	170
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	280	130	150
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	30	10	20
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	305	165	140
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	225	115	115
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	450	245	205
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	2,480	1,210	1,275
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	30,710	14,705	16,005
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	605	300	305
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	325	155	165
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	3,800	1,680	2,115
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	660	315	345
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	3,315	1,680	1,640
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	1,135	540	600
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	2,740	1,375	1,360
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	185	65	125
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	2,065	980	1,080
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	1,745	910	840
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	1,530	770	765
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	2,265	840	1,425
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	255	115	135
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	2,125	1,045	1,080
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	170	70	100
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	1,635	725	910
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	6,160	3,145	3,015
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	300	185	110
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	11,595	5,605	5,990
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	1,885	840	1,045
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	40	20	20
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	600	225	370
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	65	30	35
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	50	25	25
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	125	80	40
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	95	35	60
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	475	235	240
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	75	30	45
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	365	155	210
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	850	455	395
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	35	15	20
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	50	20	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	20	10	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	45	15	25
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	70	25	45
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	80	35	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	230	155	75
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	335	185	145
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	1,075	535	540
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	15	10	10
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	60	30	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	70	40	30
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	25	10	10
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	295	155	145
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	70	50	20
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	15	0	10
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	0	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	75	35	35
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	40	25	15
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	40	25	25
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	360	150	200
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	7,740	3,755	3,990
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	125	60	60
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	100	60	45
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	935	425	510
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	10	0	10
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	1,000	530	475
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	255	125	130
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	915	440	475
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	20	10	10
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	50	25	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	395	205	190
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	195	90	100
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	250	130	115
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	265	140	125
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	540	205	335
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	175	75	100
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	50	25	20
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,235	625	615
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	15	10	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	75	35	40
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	170	105	60
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	70	10	55
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	915	430	485
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	40	20	20
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	20	0	15
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	20	15	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	378,040	183,295	194,745
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	93,925	45,385	48,535
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	80,380	39,600	40,780
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	203,735	98,310	105,430
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	58,075	27,850	30,220
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	23,995	12,015	11,985
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	8,210	5,525	2,685
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	15,790	6,490	9,300
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	13,950	5,425	8,525
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	19,585	10,170	9,420
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	530	240	290
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	378,040	183,295	194,745
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	9,725	4,435	5,290
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	9,395	4,280	5,110
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	7,065	3,150	3,915
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	2,250	1,075	1,175
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	80	55	30
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	65	25	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	260	125	135
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	368,320	178,855	189,460
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	378,040	183,295	194,745
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	4,685	1,995	2,690
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	373,350	181,300	192,055
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	378,040	183,295	194,750
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	2,605	1,165	1,440
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	2,590	1,155	1,435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	2,340	1,015	1,330
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	225	125	100
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	25	20	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	11,515	5,275	6,235
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	11,390	5,225	6,170
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	8,905	4,060	4,845
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	2,355	1,075	1,280
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	135	85	50
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	120	55	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	95	35	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	20	15	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	363,920	176,855	187,065
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	378,040	183,290	194,745
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	75,125	37,120	38,005
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	11,660	5,930	5,725
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	10,435	4,925	5,505
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	11,325	5,790	5,535
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	3,510	1,480	2,030
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	9,050	4,365	4,685
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	13,655	7,100	6,550
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	4,410	2,140	2,270
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	3,255	1,555	1,695
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	3,250	1,545	1,705
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	635	285	345
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	1,695	895	800
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	2,265	1,105	1,160
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	302,915	146,170	156,740
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	378,040	183,295	194,745
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	14,120	6,440	7,675
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	11,375	5,130	6,240
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	185	120	65
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	2,695	1,245	1,445
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	100,925	48,695	52,225
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	425	200	225
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	4,705	2,290	2,415
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	97,555	46,995	50,560
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	265	130	130
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	15	10	10
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	25	10	15
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	70	30	40
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	10	0	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	264,735	127,220	137,520
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	179,560	85,780	93,780
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	0	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	25	15	10
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	107,380	50,765	56,610
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	75,010	34,795	40,215
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	110	80	30
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	79,050	37,620	41,425
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	7,385	3,500	3,885
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	12,865	5,900	6,965
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	36,155	16,665	19,490
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	45	10	30
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	10	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	36,115	16,655	19,465
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	68,985	32,935	36,055
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,985	1,005	980
Bavarian	940	485	455	15	20	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	3,310	1,550	1,760
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	23,700	11,405	12,295
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	275	135	145
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	65	25	40
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	43,700	20,885	22,815
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	15	0	10
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	1,485	635	850
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	30	25	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	8,030	3,710	4,315
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	2,215	1,100	1,115
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	1,385	570	810
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	305	160	145
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	1,945	895	1,050
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	2,115	935	1,180
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	610	260	345
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	39,760	19,310	20,455
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	310	110	200
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	505	250	250
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	1,520	760	760
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	430	220	210
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	270	135	130
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	6,140	3,040	3,100
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	395	185	215
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	1,005	495	510
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	25	10	10
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	16,805	8,150	8,650
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	2,545	1,215	1,330
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	4,575	2,185	2,385
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	1,395	710	685
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	10,055	4,840	5,215
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	120	60	55
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	45,745	22,680	23,070
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,195	600	590
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,100	600	495
Catalan	1,280	740	535	15	10	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	2,350	1,220	1,130
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	130	50	85
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	4,820	2,385	2,435
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	18,950	9,400	9,555
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	190	105	85
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	430	210	220
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	1,445	725	720
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	75	35	40
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	9,915	4,950	4,970
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	1,825	930	900
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	110	45	65
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	815	430	385
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	4,765	2,175	2,585
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	905	430	480
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	45	30	20
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	1,920	955	965
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	35	15	20
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	1,045	485	560
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	50	20	30
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	80	55	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	715	385	330
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	6,775	3,455	3,325
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	20	10	15
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	145	80	70
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	600	345	255
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	60	25	35
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	15	10	10
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	365	180	185
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	160	70	90
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	175	80	85
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	10	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	210	125	90
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	3,620	1,855	1,765
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	10	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	15	15	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	65	35	30
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	945	495	445
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	55	30	25
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	480	205	275
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	240	125	115
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	11,355	5,495	5,865
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	320	160	165
Arawak	1,440	610	830	10	10	10
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	170	85	90
Belizean	1,755	915	845	40	25	15
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	20	0	15
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	340	175	160
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	325	150	175
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	4,200	1,970	2,230
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	50	25	25
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	70	40	30
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	335	180	155
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	830	385	445
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	300	130	170
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	190	95	100
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	115	70	40
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	1,175	550	625
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	515	270	250
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	35	25	10
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	10	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	230	120	110
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	1,945	960	985
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	20	0	15
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	290	130	160
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	445	240	210
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	10,120	5,265	4,855
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	1,470	745	725
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	50	30	20
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	25	0	25
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	100	45	55
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	215	110	105
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	10	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	340	175	170
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	15	10	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	35	25	15
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	20	0	15
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	105	45	60
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	15	0	15
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	435	230	205
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	10	0	10
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	105	50	60
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	75	45	30
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	3,170	1,775	1,395
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	90	45	45
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	30	15	15
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	50	25	25
Dinka	900	500	400	85	30	50
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	1,700	940	755
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	250	130	125
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	85	30	55
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	810	485	325
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	80	45	35
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	75	50	25
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	3,145	1,540	1,600
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	30	0	20
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	50	25	20
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	75	45	30
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	50	25	30
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	570	300	270
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	625	290	340
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	125	60	65
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	25	20	10
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	25	0	20
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	90	25	60
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	10	10	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	600	280	320
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	540	285	255
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	20	10	10
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	20	10	15
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	110	55	60
Zambian	1,860	935	920	10	0	10
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	95	50	45
Zulu	945	475	475	20	10	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	250	115	140
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	2,490	1,285	1,200
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	380	200	180
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	2,115	1,090	1,020
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	56,220	27,395	28,830
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	20,605	10,430	10,175
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	900	435	470
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	2,640	1,375	1,270
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	295	125	165
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	1,080	555	520
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	75	30	40
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	0	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	10	10	10
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	1,795	895	900
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	2,510	1,270	1,235
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	155	90	65
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	625	330	285
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	25	15	10
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	985	520	465
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	20	10	10
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	10
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	4,745	2,410	2,335
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	2,340	1,140	1,200
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	30	15	15
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	310	170	135
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	2,250	1,085	1,165
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	40	25	15
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	25	15	15
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	1,020	525	495
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	50	40	15
Uighur	1,555	775	785	50	35	20
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	40	20	15
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	75	30	45
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	975	535	445
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	12,000	6,035	5,965
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	275	135	135
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	220	90	125
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	515	225	295
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	8,190	4,160	4,030
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	65	35	30
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	10
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	20	10	15
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	415	225	190
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	1,765	895	865
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	300	160	140
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	100	45	50
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	340	155	185
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	120	60	60
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	595	285	310
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	24,090	11,155	12,935
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	185	105	80
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	1,470	720	750
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	12,040	5,570	6,470
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	4,025	1,735	2,290
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	250	130	115
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	805	365	440
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	105	55	55
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	3,310	1,570	1,740
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	265	140	120
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	85	30	55
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	85	50	40
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	10	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	115	55	60
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	195	100	95
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	20	10	10
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	2,755	1,255	1,495
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	70	25	40
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	235	120	115
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	235	115	120
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	600	285	315
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	355	190	170
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	155	50	105
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	90	45	45
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	30	10	20
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	0	10
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	25	15	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	30	20	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	98,070	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	65,070	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	24,270	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	138,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	610	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	25,035	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	41,450	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	59,915	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	36,130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	44,715	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	21,915	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	23,735	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	21,870	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	50,900	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	160,940	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	2,200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	163,140	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	155,860	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	7,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	40,425	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	51,235	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	24,285	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	17,875	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	9,865	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	11,070	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	8,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	153,670	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	9,470	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	98,905	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	60,575	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	3,660	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	163,140	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	8,465	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	26,250	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	25,985	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	31,615	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	30,835	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	21,995	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	12,960	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	5,035	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	162,885	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	118,240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	44,645	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	38,010	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	97,995	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	61.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	14.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,118	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,222	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	259,884	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	296,853	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	65,065	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	11.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	46.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	875	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	941	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	316,315	151,790	164,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	51,845	25,750	26,100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	88,540	44,555	43,990
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	175,920	81,485	94,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	17,685	12,050	5,635
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	9,085	5,385	3,700
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	8,600	6,665	1,935
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	72,540	30,590	41,950
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	5,520	2,515	3,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	80,175	36,325	43,850
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	50,415	21,490	28,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	5,500	2,295	3,205
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	3,495	1,930	1,570
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	15,925	7,450	8,475
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	4,845	3,165	1,685
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	203,910	98,170	105,740
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	20,305	10,770	9,535
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	49,690	26,360	23,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	133,915	61,035	72,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	11,815	7,995	3,820
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	6,275	3,725	2,550
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	5,540	4,270	1,270
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	55,805	23,975	31,825
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	3,800	1,730	2,070
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	62,495	27,330	35,160
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	38,580	16,095	22,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	4,145	1,625	2,520
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	2,835	1,415	1,420
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	13,065	5,805	7,260
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	3,865	2,390	1,480
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	316,315	151,785	164,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	140,390	70,305	70,090
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	10,075	2,550	7,525
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	10,075	2,550	7,525
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	7,195	3,375	3,820
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	1,380	1,085	295
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	5,815	2,290	3,530
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	11,680	4,700	6,985
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	880	215	665
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	3,360	1,025	2,335
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	2,405	955	1,450
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	95	20	80
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	1,000	545	450
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	1,110	650	455
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	2,085	1,160	920
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	750	125	620
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	24,795	8,160	16,640
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	235	25	210
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	1,655	745	915
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	4,840	385	4,455
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	3,635	1,115	2,525
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	430	130	300
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	4,135	1,020	3,110
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	9,865	4,735	5,130
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	33,125	13,655	19,470
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	100	30	65
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	3,660	710	2,950
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	29,365	12,910	16,455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	7,715	3,830	3,880
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	3,800	1,735	2,065
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	1,335	595	740
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	110	30	85
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	2,110	1,365	745
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	355	110	250
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	7,720	5,040	2,675
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	5,630	4,125	1,505
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	840	185	660
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	1,160	695	465
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	80	35	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	29,660	26,975	2,690
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	1,215	855	360
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	6,995	5,680	1,310
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	6,795	6,195	595
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	5,440	5,300	140
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	5,650	5,530	120
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	3,575	3,415	155
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	2,440	1,500	945
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	1,670	1,025	645
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	770	475	300
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	31,835	7,135	24,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	2,840	1,490	1,355
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	27,715	4,940	22,780
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	1,275	710	570
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	9,660	4,565	5,090
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	5,545	1,420	4,120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	25	25	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	55	45	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	2,745	1,895	845
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	1,290	1,175	115
Other	3,170	885	2,280	30	10	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	25	0	20
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	203,910	98,170	105,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	69,995	37,135	32,865
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	6,710	1,555	5,155
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	6,710	1,555	5,160
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	5,580	2,605	2,970
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	1,010	770	235
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	4,570	1,835	2,735
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	8,540	3,300	5,245
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	670	165	500
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	2,485	685	1,795
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	1,670	645	1,020
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	80	20	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	800	430	370
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	755	445	315
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	1,570	840	725
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	520	65	455
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	19,445	6,260	13,190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	215	25	190
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	1,335	580	750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	3,775	315	3,460
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	3,105	820	2,285
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	355	105	250
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	3,095	740	2,350
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	7,575	3,670	3,900
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	25,710	10,285	15,420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	85	25	60
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	2,960	525	2,430
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	22,665	9,740	12,930
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	5,795	2,755	3,045
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	2,960	1,280	1,675
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	940	400	535
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	105	25	80
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	1,560	970	585
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	240	75	170
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	6,525	4,275	2,250
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	4,960	3,615	1,340
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	650	135	510
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	845	495	360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	75	30	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	22,210	19,980	2,230
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	1,035	735	300
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	5,430	4,325	1,100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	5,255	4,755	500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	3,825	3,730	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	4,100	4,005	95
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	2,565	2,435	135
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,900	1,115	780
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	1,300	760	535
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	605	360	240
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	24,115	5,380	18,740
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	2,135	1,110	1,030
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	20,930	3,740	17,190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	1,050	530	515
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	7,345	3,505	3,840
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	4,060	1,050	3,015
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	30	25	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	2,225	1,500	720
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	1,005	910	95
Other	2,590	745	1,845	25	10	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	25	0	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	316,310	151,790	164,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	140,390	70,305	70,090
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	175,920	81,480	94,435
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	148,720	67,720	81,000
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	140,325	63,785	76,540
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	8,395	3,935	4,460
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	27,200	13,765	13,440
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	4,505	2,495	2,010
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	1,095	355	745
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	2,225	1,185	1,035
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	2,870	1,650	1,225
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	1,670	720	950
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	160	95	70
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	14,670	7,260	7,410
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	203,910	98,170	105,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	69,995	37,135	32,860
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	133,910	61,035	72,880
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	113,610	51,340	62,265
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	107,730	48,550	59,185
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	5,875	2,795	3,080
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	20,305	9,690	10,615
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	3,300	1,745	1,560
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	915	295	625
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	1,680	815	865
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	1,390	770	615
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	1,375	595	775
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	115	70	50
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	11,530	5,405	6,120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	316,310	151,790	164,525
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	199,835	101,720	98,115
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	184,020	93,240	90,780
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	15,815	8,485	7,335
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	116,475	50,065	66,415
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	63.2	67.0	59.6
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	58.2	61.4	55.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.9	8.3	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	316,310	151,790	164,525
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	111,135	48,050	63,080
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	205,175	103,735	101,445
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	105,275	57,215	48,055
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	99,905	46,520	53,385
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.9	43.3	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	199,835	101,720	98,115
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	5,340	2,715	2,630
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	194,490	99,005	95,490
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	175,140	86,800	88,340
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	19,355	12,205	7,145
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	199,835	101,720	98,115
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	5,340	2,720	2,625
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	194,490	99,005	95,485
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	18,520	10,950	7,575
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	28,575	8,690	19,885
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	11,955	9,370	2,585
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	16,850	3,930	12,920
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	26,245	8,795	17,450
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	5,655	2,645	3,005
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	49,820	22,115	27,700
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	24,100	22,745	1,360
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	2,215	1,800	415
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	10,555	7,960	2,595
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	199,835	101,720	98,115
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	5,340	2,720	2,630
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	194,490	99,005	95,490
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	1,075	680	395
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	265	235	35
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	975	735	240
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	11,730	10,530	1,205
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	19,335	14,535	4,795
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	6,195	4,395	1,805
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	23,030	10,985	12,050
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	7,725	6,100	1,630
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	3,660	1,915	1,740
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	11,405	4,730	6,670
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	3,640	1,960	1,675
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	12,920	7,180	5,740
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	150	60	90
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	10,030	5,785	4,245
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	19,355	7,090	12,265
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	27,950	5,890	22,060
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	4,245	2,185	2,055
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	15,000	6,460	8,535
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	8,300	3,590	4,710
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	7,495	3,955	3,545
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	184,020	93,240	90,780
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	11,315	5,660	5,665
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	910	665	240
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	19,295	14,010	5,285
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	152,500	72,910	79,595
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	152,500	72,910	79,590
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	133,605	60,470	73,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	4,585	2,790	1,795
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	13,965	9,435	4,525
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	345	210	135
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	171,790	86,920	84,875
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	129,435	67,700	61,735
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	12,590	5,360	7,225
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	15,825	6,565	9,260
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	10,230	4,935	5,295
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	2,115	1,545	575
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	1,595	805	785
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	171,795	86,920	84,875
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	51,190	23,765	27,425
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	78,305	38,520	39,780
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	26,430	14,760	11,670
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	7,185	4,095	3,090
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	8,690	5,780	2,910
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	171,790	86,915	84,875
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	8,665	5,880	2,785
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	26,210	15,960	10,250
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	44,805	22,455	22,350
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	39,645	16,385	23,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	20,590	8,925	11,670
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	31,865	17,315	14,550
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	211,990	107,225	104,765
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	210,030	106,385	103,645
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	208,615	105,610	103,000
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	207,425	105,300	102,125
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,190	315	875
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	1,420	775	645
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	1,420	775	645
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	185	130	50
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	180	130	50
Amharic	200	95	100	10	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	165	125	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	95	40	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	20	10	10
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	70	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	10	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	490	245	245
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	110	40	70
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	110	35	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	50	20	35
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	45	20	25
Serbian	530	320	210	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	10	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	55	35	20
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	25	15	15
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	10	10	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	25	25	10
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	305	165	145
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	10	10	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	65	40	25
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	230	115	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	120	65	60
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	45	20	30
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	35	10	30
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	440	255	185
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	435	250	185
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	120	75	45
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	295	170	125
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	20	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	15	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	15	10	10
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	10	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	1,955	840	1,115
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	610	210	400
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	1,320	620	700
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	30	10	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	211,990	107,225	104,760
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	203,720	103,610	100,115
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	1,440	560	875
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	2,355	820	1,535
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	4,280	2,165	2,110
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	4,255	2,155	2,095
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	10	0	10
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	15	0	20
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	165	60	105
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	374,005	181,330	192,675
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	314,120	152,065	162,050
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	59,890	29,265	30,625
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	39,455	19,450	20,005
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	20,435	9,820	10,615
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	14,520	6,870	7,650
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	11,975	5,595	6,375
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	2,540	1,275	1,270
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	5,915	2,950	2,970
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	357,750	172,905	184,845
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	204,850	98,565	106,290
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	152,900	74,335	78,555
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	97,455	47,455	50,000
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	55,440	26,880	28,560
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	37,815	18,150	19,670
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	32,320	15,525	16,795
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	5,495	2,625	2,870
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	17,625	8,730	8,895