Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Calgary Shepard [Federal electoral district], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Calgary Shepard Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Calgary Shepard [Federal electoral district], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	147,520	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	110,364r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	33.7	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	54,774	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	53,324	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	816.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	180.70	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	147,520	74,130	73,395
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	32,290	16,525	15,760
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	12,275	6,190	6,090
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	11,315	5,895	5,420
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	8,700	4,445	4,255
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	104,585	52,555	52,030
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	7,805	3,915	3,885
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	8,015	4,105	3,910
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	11,665	5,660	6,005
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	15,335	7,505	7,830
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	14,275	7,170	7,105
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	11,875	6,145	5,725
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	10,495	5,375	5,120
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	9,875	5,005	4,870
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	8,770	4,425	4,350
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	6,475	3,250	3,225
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	10,650	5,045	5,605
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	4,540	2,200	2,345
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	2,690	1,330	1,355
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	1,610	745	860
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,020	485	540
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	790	285	505
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	510	200	310
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	225	75	155
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	50	10	40
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	5	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	21.9	22.3	21.5
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	70.9	70.9	70.9
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	7.2	6.8	7.6
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	0.5	0.4	0.7
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	34.6	34.4	34.8
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	34.6	34.6	34.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	53,325	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	37,315	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	15,850	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	3,440	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	5,335	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	970	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	6,095	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	53,325	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	10,090	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	17,285	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	10,155	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	10,310	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	5,480	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	146,545	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	115,230	57,600	57,635
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	73,565	36,775	36,790
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	60,675	30,350	30,325
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	12,890	6,420	6,465
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	41,670	20,825	20,845
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	29,385	16,235	13,145
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,710	1,205	1,495
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	6,715	2,755	3,960
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	2,865	625	2,240
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	41,735	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	18,120	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	9,830	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	10,060	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	3,725	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	41,735	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	36,150	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	29,700	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	6,440	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	5,590	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	4,265	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	1,320	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	36,145	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	14,850	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	21,300	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	8,070	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	9,660	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	3,565	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	5,590	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,275	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,755	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	560	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	20,805	11,155	9,650
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	53,325	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	39,175	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	13,820	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	25,360	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,245	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	12,900	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	10,090	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	2,805	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	146,930	73,750	73,185
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	135,930	68,745	67,185
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	130	60	70
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	9,105	4,220	4,885
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	1,765	725	1,035
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	146,930	73,750	73,185
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	142,135	71,480	70,655
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	2,415	1,250	1,160
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	690	330	355
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	1,695	690	1,010
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	2,755	1,415	1,340
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.9	1.9	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	146,935	73,750	73,180
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	143,285	72,035	71,255
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	113,695	57,870	55,830
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	111,340	56,645	54,700
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	2,355	1,225	1,130
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	29,590	14,165	15,425
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	75	25	45
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	55	20	40
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	20	5	15
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	30	15	20
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	5	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	15	10	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	5	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	5	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	5	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	5	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	29,515	14,140	15,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	1,680	870	810
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	5	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	100	50	50
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	40	20	20
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	50	25	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	1,570	810	760
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	210	100	110
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	1,095	570	520
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	45	20	25
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	55	30	25
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	35	20	15
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	105	55	50
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	2,180	1,070	1,115
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	220	125	95
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	1,960	945	1,015
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	5,970	2,640	3,325
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	20	10	10
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	225	95	135
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	65	20	45
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	300	135	165
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	5	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	50	20	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	40	20	20
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	5,175	2,300	2,875
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	10	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	60	25	30
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	45	25	20
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	40	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	10	5	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	440	225	215
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	55	25	30
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	165	80	85
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	160	85	75
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	65	30	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	35	20	15
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	13,750	6,780	6,975
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	125	60	70
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	25	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	3,605	1,720	1,885
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	60	35	30
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	25	10	15
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	35	20	15
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	3,545	1,695	1,855
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	5
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	100	50	45
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	75	40	35
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	230	120	110
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	145	60	85
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	20	10	10
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	1,090	525	555
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	1,175	535	640
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	185	105	80
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	75	35	40
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	115	55	60
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	20	10	10
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	310	145	165
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	5	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	5	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	1,370	690	680
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	85	45	45
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	45	25	20
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	290	160	130
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	885	430	455
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	10	5	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	15	5	10
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	20	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	10	5	0
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	80	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	3,930	1,950	1,980
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	3,455	1,710	1,745
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	200	100	100
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	415	220	195
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	480	230	245
Kashmiri	565	300	265	10	5	5
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	15	5	5
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	95	40	50
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	50	30	20
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	1,180	575	605
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	85	45	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	100	50	45
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	820	400	420
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	470	240	230
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	25	15	10
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	60	40	25
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	380	190	195
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	4,605	2,290	2,315
Catalan	865	440	425	5	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	280	165	115
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	435	205	230
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	655	335	320
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	3,230	1,590	1,645
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	125	45	85
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	520	230	290
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	75	30	40
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	75	30	45
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	470	235	235
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	35	20	15
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	10	5	5
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	5	0	5
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	5	5	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	35	25	10
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	20	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	10	5	5
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	40	15	25
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	70	25	45
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	15	5	5
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	115	55	60
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	95	45	45
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	230	95	140
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	130	55	75
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	100	40	65
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	25	20	10
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	15	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	3,150	1,465	1,685
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	3,095	1,435	1,655
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	1,260	590	675
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	20	5	10
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	1,610	750	855
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	100	40	55
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	95	40	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	55	30	30
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	20	10	10
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	15	5	5
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	25	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	165	70	100
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	105	45	60
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	55	20	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	5	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	190	105	85
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	15	5	5
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	125	70	55
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	10	5	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	20	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	25	10	10
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	440	210	230
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	0	0	0
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	20	10	5
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	425	200	225
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	20	10	10
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	3,645	1,715	1,930
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	365	170	200
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	3,100	1,470	1,630
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	110	50	55
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	75	30	40
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	146,930	73,750	73,180
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	139,540	70,185	69,360
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	123,410	62,355	61,055
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	122,425	61,835	60,580
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	990	520	475
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	16,130	7,825	8,305
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	20	15	10
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	5	5	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	5	5
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	16,105	7,810	8,295
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	995	495	500
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	65	30	35
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	35	20	15
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	30	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	925	460	460
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	125	60	65
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	610	305	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	40	20	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	45	25	20
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	15	10	5
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	80	35	45
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	1,515	720	790
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	115	60	55
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	1,395	660	735
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	3,115	1,475	1,635
Bikol	290	140	155	10	5	5
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	105	50	50
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	20	10	10
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	95	45	55
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	15	5	10
Pangasinan	240	110	135	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	2,830	1,345	1,490
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	10	5	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	10	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	290	140	150
Kannada	1,630	825	800	25	10	15
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	105	55	55
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	110	50	60
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	50	25	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	25	10	10
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	6,820	3,375	3,440
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	40	20	25
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	10	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	1,820	910	910
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	35	20	15
Latvian	1,255	530	725	15	10	10
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	20	15	10
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	1,785	890	895
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	55	30	30
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	35	20	20
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	85	40	40
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	30	15	20
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	5	5	5
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	505	245	260
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	795	405	395
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	105	55	45
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	25	15	10
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	95	50	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	0	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	170	80	90
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	35	15	20
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	20	10	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	100	45	55
Icelandic	270	120	150	5	5	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	5	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	2,250	1,100	1,150
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	1,945	960	990
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	115	55	60
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	230	115	115
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	230	120	120
Kashmiri	135	70	70	10	5	5
Konkani	720	355	370	5	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	55	25	30
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	35	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	700	330	365
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	50	20	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	40	20	20
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	475	245	230
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	305	140	160
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	15	5	10
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	50	30	20
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	240	105	135
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	2,515	1,255	1,255
Catalan	355	165	190	5	0	5
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	35	15	20
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	190	95	95
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	325	175	155
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	1,960	970	990
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	50	20	30
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	355	165	185
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	45	20	30
Mongolian	910	435	470	45	20	30
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	155	65	85
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	15	5	5
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	5	0	5
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	5	0
Ga	250	105	140	5	5	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	5	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	15	5	15
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	30	15	20
Wolof	1,380	745	635	10	5	5
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	35	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	160	65	95
Dinka	1,130	580	550	100	40	60
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	55	20	35
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	35	20	10
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	2,125	1,005	1,120
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	2,095	990	1,100
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	750	345	405
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	5	0	5
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	1,245	610	645
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	10	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	55	25	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	35	15	20
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	15	5	10
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	10	5	5
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	15	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	75	35	35
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	50	30	25
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	15	10	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	5	0	5
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	140	70	70
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	5	5	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	90	45	45
Uyghur	610	315	290	10	5	5
Uzbek	990	505	490	15	10	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	15	5	10
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	195	95	95
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	0	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	190	95	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	10	5	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	7,390	3,570	3,820
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	250	115	135
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	6,990	3,375	3,615
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	125	65	60
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	146,930	73,750	73,180
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	127,970	64,690	63,285
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	7,880	3,870	4,005
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	1,440	685	755
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	9,340	4,365	4,980
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	60	20	35
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	9,285	4,340	4,940
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	50	25	20
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	145	60	85
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	105	50	50
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	114,275	57,060	57,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	109,160	54,595	54,570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	50,105	62,636	39,759
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	109,180	54,595	54,580
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	43,425	52,464	35,519
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	103,260	52,890	50,370
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	50,074	62,464	38,985
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	57,645	20,815	36,830
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	3,147	2,615	3,352
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	93,630	48,670	44,960
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	50,569	62,474	40,148
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	114,330	57,065	57,265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	109,235	54,700	54,540
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	66,897	84,024	49,720
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	109,250	54,700	54,550
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	53,507	65,610	41,369
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	103,455	53,055	50,405
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	67,090	84,093	49,194
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	57,635	20,895	36,735
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,363	6,442	6,319
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	93,705	48,680	45,030
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	65,112	80,747	48,211
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	114,335	57,065	57,270
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	49,380	28,385	20,995
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	68,372	77,678	57,816
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	85,620	98,931	67,621
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	94.9	97.0	91.5
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	83.6	85.7	80.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	5.1	3.0	8.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	114,270	57,060	57,205
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	5,115	2,470	2,640
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	109,160	54,590	54,570
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.5	95.7	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	12,610	4,420	8,190
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	10,935	3,980	6,955
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	10,430	3,930	6,500
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	9,855	4,100	5,755
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	10,610	4,785	5,825
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	9,815	4,770	5,045
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	8,530	4,615	3,910
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	7,050	4,050	2,995
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	5,800	3,475	2,320
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	5,040	3,140	1,900
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	18,490	13,320	5,165
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	11,655	7,970	3,685
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	6,830	5,355	1,480
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	114,275	57,065	57,205
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	5,090	2,465	2,625
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	109,180	54,595	54,585
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.5	95.7	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	12,870	4,500	8,370
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	11,520	4,200	7,320
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	12,365	4,735	7,630
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	13,025	5,680	7,345
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	13,565	6,590	6,975
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	11,490	6,170	5,320
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	8,975	5,285	3,685
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	6,955	4,345	2,615
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	18,415	13,090	5,325
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	5,095	3,245	1,845
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	3,435	2,350	1,080
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	9,885	7,495	2,395
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	114,270	57,065	57,210
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	20,640	8,390	12,250
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	93,625	48,670	44,960
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	81.9	85.3	78.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	7,890	3,240	4,650
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	5,205	2,055	3,150
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	8,640	3,380	5,260
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	7,765	2,990	4,775
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	7,985	3,425	4,560
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	8,805	4,025	4,780
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	8,305	4,105	4,200
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	7,240	4,005	3,235
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	6,135	3,580	2,555
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	25,650	17,855	7,795
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	5,145	3,170	1,985
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	4,550	2,860	1,690
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	15,950	11,830	4,120
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	53,325	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	110,703	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	92,934	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	10,095	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	61,047	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	50,652	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	43,235	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	124,479	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	104,015	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	53,360	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	136,945	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	109,548	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	10,100	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	72,828	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	57,936	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	43,265	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	151,907	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	121,593	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	53,325	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	490	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	360	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	975	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	810	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	990	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,090	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,095	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,970	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	3,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	3,200	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	3,250	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	30,115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	7,580	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	6,200	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	8,215	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	8,110	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	53,320	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	535	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	380	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	625	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,055	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,185	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,660	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	3,920	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	4,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	4,145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	3,930	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	23,940	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	8,285	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	5,975	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	9,675	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	41,210	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	122,575	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	102,376	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	13,485	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	116,987	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	96,915	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	21,330	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	139,772	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	115,758	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	5,120	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	69,984	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	62,016	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	41,240	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	150,239	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	120,100	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	13,530	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	145,268	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	115,441	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	21,350	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	170,035	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	135,205	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	5,085	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	81,390	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	69,107	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	17,335	9,550	7,780
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	52,489	56,700	47,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	44,546	47,207	41,094
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	17,340	9,560	7,780
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	64,122	69,690	57,279
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	51,490	55,219	46,908
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	146,545	73,585	72,965
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	45,050	21,800	23,255
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	7,350	3,610	3,740
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	6,760	3,100	3,660
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	8,280	3,950	4,335
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	10,290	5,015	5,275
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	12,365	6,120	6,250
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	101,500	51,780	49,715
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	14,325	7,170	7,155
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	16,345	8,255	8,085
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	18,855	9,620	9,235
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	23,050	11,780	11,270
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	28,920	14,955	13,965
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	146,545	73,580	72,965
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	37,105	18,925	18,180
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	14,655	7,405	7,250
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	99,320	49,780	49,545
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	10,120	4,880	5,245
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	9,255	4,360	4,890
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	3,420	1,790	1,630
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,225	625	595
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	5,180	2,295	2,880
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	655	275	380
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	6.3	5.9	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	9.2	9.5	9.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	8.4	8.4	8.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	5.2	4.6	5.8
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	6.5	5.6	7.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	8,475	4,125	4,350
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	2,745	1,435	1,310
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	985	490	495
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	5,370	2,535	2,835
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	360	155	205
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	5.8	5.6	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	7.4	7.6	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	6.7	6.6	6.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	5.4	5.1	5.7
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	3.6	3.2	3.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	146,680	73,620	73,060
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	144,915	72,890	72,025
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	144,785	72,835	71,950
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	9,270	4,345	4,925
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	38,045	18,325	19,720
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	135	50	90
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	110	40	75
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	45	20	25
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	75	20	55
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	15	0	15
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	25	10	20
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	30	10	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	10	0	10
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	15	10	10
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	10
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	37,910	18,270	19,635
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	2,400	1,245	1,160
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	15	0	10
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	10	0	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	105	50	60
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	70	30	40
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	35	20	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	2,290	1,195	1,090
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	250	110	145
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	1,800	975	825
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	35	10	30
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	55	25	30
Harari	1,710	855	860	10	0	10
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	60	20	40
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	10	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	125	60	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	20	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	2,720	1,320	1,400
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	300	170	125
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	2,425	1,150	1,275
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	7,455	3,320	4,135
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	35	15	15
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	315	155	165
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	80	35	45
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	430	205	220
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	115	55	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	120	65	55
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	60	30	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	7,170	3,185	3,980
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	50	30	25
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	160	100	60
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	125	70	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	30	20	10
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	645	335	315
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	40	20	15
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	210	100	105
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	305	150	150
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	115	70	45
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	35	10	20
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	18,385	9,175	9,205
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	185	95	95
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	85	45	40
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	4,250	2,140	2,105
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	70	40	35
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	20	10	10
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	50	30	25
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	4,220	2,120	2,105
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	190	95	90
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	95	55	45
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	340	175	165
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	195	85	120
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	35	25	10
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	1,305	710	595
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	1,625	775	845
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	265	140	125
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	40	15	35
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	140	80	65
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	40	20	20
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	465	230	235
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	70	25	45
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	35	20	15
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	25	10	20
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	2,040	1,020	1,015
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	210	110	100
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	65	30	35
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	365	190	175
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,410	695	715
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	10	10	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	10	10	0
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	30	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	15	10	10
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	105	60	45
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	5,180	2,620	2,560
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	4,625	2,300	2,330
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	335	145	195
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	560	300	260
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	1,680	870	815
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	50	25	25
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	165	75	90
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	40	30	15
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	20	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	1,600	770	835
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	145	70	70
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	135	85	50
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	1,205	645	570
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	575	330	245
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	15	10	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	95	55	40
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	470	260	210
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	40	30	15
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	6,935	3,395	3,540
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	490	265	225
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	675	340	335
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	810	420	390
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	5,170	2,480	2,690
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	10	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	250	115	135
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	565	240	330
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	170	80	90
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	170	85	90
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	1,055	505	555
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	35	15	15
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	10
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	25	10	20
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	10	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	15	10	10
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	20	10	10
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	105	55	50
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	20	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	15	0	15
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	115	55	60
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	225	100	130
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	40	20	15
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	240	115	125
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	260	130	125
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	320	125	195
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	210	90	120
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	110	30	80
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	205	70	135
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	110	35	75
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	95	40	55
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	3,820	1,825	1,995
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	3,690	1,750	1,940
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	1,685	770	920
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	10	10	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	2,025	960	1,060
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	10	10	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	180	90	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	20	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	135	65	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	130	75	55
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	55	35	25
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	25	15	20
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	45	30	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	15	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	185	65	120
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	120	50	75
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	70	25	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	225	130	90
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	20	0	15
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	155	90	65
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	30	20	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	20	15	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	455	205	250
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	0	0	0
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	455	200	245
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	95	50	40
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	146,680	73,615	73,065
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	134,110	67,720	66,385
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	34,890	17,905	16,980
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	99,220	49,815	49,405
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	12,570	5,895	6,675
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	146,680	73,620	73,060
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	111,280	56,430	54,850
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	33,670	16,405	17,265
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	5,060	2,650	2,405
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	3,730	1,885	1,845
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	5,305	2,560	2,745
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	11,730	5,660	6,070
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	4,940	2,460	2,485
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	6,795	3,205	3,585
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	7,845	3,650	4,200
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	1,725	780	945
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	33,670	16,405	17,265
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	3,340	1,720	1,625
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	6,185	3,140	3,045
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	6,270	2,895	3,380
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	15,310	7,410	7,905
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	2,555	1,250	1,310
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	33,670	16,405	17,265
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	4,525	2,200	2,325
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	160	65	100
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	660	280	380
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	265	150	110
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	140	65	75
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	55	25	30
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	205	100	105
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	480	260	220
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	170	65	105
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	155	95	60
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	1,080	495	585
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	1,150	595	555
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	8,565	4,380	4,185
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	245	115	130
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	140	65	65
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	70	35	35
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	540	260	275
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	20	15	0
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	170	90	80
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	230	130	100
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	145	75	65
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	255	160	100
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	910	485	425
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	175	95	80
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	580	280	295
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	490	195	295
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	150	90	60
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	370	200	165
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	2,995	1,530	1,465
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	1,080	550	530
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	3,010	1,535	1,470
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	120	60	60
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	190	100	90
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	250	90	165
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	165	95	65
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	65	35	30
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	515	245	265
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	25	15	10
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	335	180	155
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	1,350	720	630
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	17,270	8,150	9,115
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	145	65	70
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	205	105	105
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	1,585	755	835
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	370	180	190
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	2,095	1,050	1,040
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	255	135	115
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	230	125	105
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	75	30	55
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	420	190	230
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	240	105	135
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	820	425	395
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	6,745	3,005	3,735
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	210	120	90
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	140	70	70
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	140	65	80
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	1,920	870	1,055
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	1,670	850	815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	305	140	165
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	7,845	3,645	4,200
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	915	440	480
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	50	20	25
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	110	30	75
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	10	0	10
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	20	15	10
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	10	0	10
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	190	130	65
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	245	105	135
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	155	80	75
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	135	60	80
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	1,290	655	635
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	10
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	50	20	30
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	120	60	55
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	60	35	20
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	90	45	45
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	70	20	55
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	115	50	60
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	440	245	195
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	340	175	170
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	800	370	430
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	10	10	10
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	60	30	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	10	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	60	30	30
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	35	30	10
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	80	15	65
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	245	110	135
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	60	35	25
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	230	115	120
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	4,750	2,135	2,615
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	40	10	25
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	45	25	15
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	285	125	160
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	20	0	15
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	685	335	350
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	35	25	15
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	65	35	35
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	10	0	10
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	10	0	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	120	55	65
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	40	20	20
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	25	10	10
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	180	80	100
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	2,605	1,150	1,455
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	20	0	15
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	25	10	10
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	65	25	35
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	20	10	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	15	15	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	40	20	15
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	205	75	130
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	200	95	105
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	90	45	40
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	75	30	40
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	15	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	146,680	73,615	73,065
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	36,220	17,630	18,590
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	28,045	14,195	13,845
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	82,415	41,790	40,630
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	29,145	14,040	15,105
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	17,025	8,470	8,560
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	6,570	3,995	2,575
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	10,455	4,475	5,985
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	7,680	3,215	4,460
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	4,290	2,295	1,995
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	145	55	85
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	146,675	73,615	73,060
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	5,210	2,475	2,740
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	5,095	2,400	2,695
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	2,190	970	1,220
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	2,870	1,410	1,460
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	35	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	60	35	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	55	40	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	141,465	71,140	70,320
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	146,675	73,615	73,065
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,700	750	950
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	144,975	72,865	72,105
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	146,680	73,615	73,060
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	1,145	545	605
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	1,105	530	570
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	760	350	410
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	340	175	165
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	5,995	2,880	3,115
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	5,750	2,755	2,990
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	3,200	1,510	1,690
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	2,515	1,225	1,295
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	35	25	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	250	125	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	230	115	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	139,535	70,190	69,345
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	146,680	73,615	73,065
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	36,315	17,835	18,485
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	6,520	3,260	3,255
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	4,295	2,105	2,190
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	4,415	2,240	2,175
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	9,230	4,295	4,940
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	3,245	1,600	1,645
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	1,690	900	790
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	3,175	1,610	1,570
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	560	305	255
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	665	290	375
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	455	225	225
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	500	240	265
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	1,570	775	795
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	110,355	55,780	54,575
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	146,680	73,620	73,065
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	7,145	3,425	3,715
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	4,240	1,995	2,250
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	50	35	15
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	3,145	1,540	1,605
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	39,175	19,905	19,275
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	160	80	85
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	2,780	1,320	1,460
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	37,420	19,070	18,350
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	40	20	20
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	10	10	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	25	15	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	20	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	35	15	15
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	95,810	48,230	47,585
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	62,935	31,515	31,420
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	30	25	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	35,675	17,730	17,945
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	23,560	11,420	12,140
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	30	30	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	28,310	14,005	14,305
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	3,245	1,655	1,590
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	4,475	2,235	2,240
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	14,650	7,165	7,490
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	10	0	10
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	14,645	7,165	7,485
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	30,880	15,470	15,410
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,515	715	795
Bavarian	940	485	455	10	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	760	365	395
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	6,380	3,240	3,135
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	35	20	25
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	15	10	10
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	24,055	12,000	12,055
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	35	15	20
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	720	345	370
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	40	20	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	10,910	5,400	5,505
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	2,105	1,015	1,090
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	705	340	365
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	990	505	485
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	4,850	2,455	2,400
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	2,725	1,295	1,430
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	500	265	235
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	25,625	12,515	13,115
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	125	65	60
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	115	45	75
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	850	410	440
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	375	165	215
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	110	50	55
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	2,675	1,300	1,380
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	120	55	70
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	185	90	95
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	120	60	55
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	7,290	3,680	3,615
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	1,690	805	885
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	4,750	2,210	2,540
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	415	195	220
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	11,490	5,555	5,935
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	70	35	40
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	10,075	5,040	5,040
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	185	90	95
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	210	105	100
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	735	365	365
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	10	10	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	665	325	340
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	4,440	2,285	2,160
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	30	15	15
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	35	25	10
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	120	75	45
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	1,240	635	605
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	325	165	160
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	15	10	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	175	95	75
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	2,490	1,125	1,360
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	135	65	65
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	880	410	470
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	25	10	15
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	370	180	195
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	15	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	90	40	50
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	375	175	205
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	1,600	810	795
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	20	10	10
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	55	25	35
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	20	10	20
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	155	70	90
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	25	20	10
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	30	15	10
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	90	50	40
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	655	355	305
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	15	10	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	15	10	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	50	25	25
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	200	110	95
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	25	10	15
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	170	70	100
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	135	70	70
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	4,105	1,930	2,185
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	45	15	30
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	110	35	65
Belizean	1,755	915	845	30	15	15
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	15	10	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	260	90	170
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	315	155	165
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	840	350	490
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	35	15	20
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	55	0	45
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	140	70	70
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	120	60	65
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	80	35	45
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	35	30	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	30	20	10
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	1,010	530	475
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	150	75	80
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	15	0	10
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	10	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	205	85	115
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	280	145	135
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	10	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	380	190	195
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	190	95	100
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	4,745	2,355	2,390
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	1,205	610	595
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	40	10	30
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	105	60	45
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	110	50	65
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	15	0	10
Ewe	845	470	375	15	10	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	100	70	25
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	70	55	15
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	40	25	20
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	590	300	295
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	45	30	15
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	10	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	90	25	55
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	60	20	40
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	1,175	590	585
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	130	60	65
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	30	10	20
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	90	35	55
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	345	170	170
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	130	75	55
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	470	250	220
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	40	15	20
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	10	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	1,570	795	770
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	10
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	30	15	15
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	145	90	50
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	430	195	235
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	80	45	35
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	35	25	10
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	30	20	10
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	35	15	20
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	50	25	25
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	315	150	165
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	85	25	60
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	15	0	10
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	40	15	25
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	10
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	280	145	135
Zulu	945	475	475	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	80	45	40
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	850	395	450
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	85	45	40
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	765	350	410
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	29,335	14,435	14,900
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	3,190	1,740	1,450
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	280	165	110
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	315	165	145
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	160	105	55
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	25	10	10
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	15	0	10
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	15	10	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	10	10
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	400	220	175
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	360	175	185
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	75	40	35
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	15	0	10
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	15	10	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	35	30	15
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	40	25	15
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	845	480	365
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	135	65	60
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	10	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	205	115	90
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	25	10	15
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	290	145	140
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	10	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	35	25	15
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	80	40	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	105	40	65
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	6,495	3,260	3,235
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	195	80	115
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	75	25	50
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	4,670	2,330	2,335
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	25	15	15
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	25	10	15
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	1,080	570	510
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	320	170	155
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	40	35	10
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	235	125	110
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	60	25	35
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	155	75	75
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	19,765	9,490	10,275
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	100	50	45
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	420	265	155
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	6,045	3,005	3,035
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	9,810	4,555	5,255
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	150	60	90
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	640	310	330
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	10	0	10
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	710	310	400
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	200	80	120
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	85	45	50
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	180	85	95
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	80	30	45
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	125	30	90
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	45	25	15
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	2,940	1,430	1,510
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	25	15	10
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	110	45	65
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	110	40	65
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	645	255	395
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	400	155	250
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	95	35	60
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	175	75	105
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	100	50	55
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	20	10	15
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	40	10	30
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	10	0	10
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	53,360	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	44,580	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	8,780	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	53,360	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	9,875	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	43,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	53,360	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	2,255	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	10,415	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	25,030	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	15,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	53,360	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	9,855	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	8,805	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	9,260	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	7,970	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	17,470	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	53,365	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	52,485	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	53,365	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	51,505	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	53,360	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	1,220	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	6,350	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	4,995	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	10,790	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	6,630	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	10,410	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	12,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	53,365	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	51,860	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	1,500	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	53,365	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	27,265	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	24,360	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	1,735	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	53,365	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,320	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	11,945	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	14,020	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	11,440	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	8,825	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	3,995	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	1,505	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	53,210	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	42,745	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	10,465	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	9,290	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	44,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	79.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,798	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,762	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	429,276	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	465,022	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	8,785	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	10.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	38.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,519	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,510	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	114,330	57,065	57,265
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	15,535	8,135	7,400
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	31,465	15,635	15,825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	67,325	33,290	34,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	10,215	7,980	2,235
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	3,100	1,810	1,285
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	7,115	6,160	955
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	23,875	10,010	13,865
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	3,775	1,545	2,225
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	29,470	13,755	15,715
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	22,285	10,170	12,120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,600	730	870
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	515	240	280
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	4,665	2,365	2,300
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	400	255	145
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	88,390	44,205	44,190
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	7,430	4,155	3,275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	21,710	10,845	10,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	59,250	29,200	30,050
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	8,555	6,740	1,815
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	2,500	1,485	1,015
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	6,055	5,265	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	20,745	8,780	11,960
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	3,230	1,325	1,905
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	26,720	12,350	14,370
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	20,165	9,130	11,035
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	1,375	615	760
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	485	215	270
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	4,345	2,175	2,165
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	355	210	140
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	114,335	57,065	57,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	47,000	23,775	23,225
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,735	805	2,930
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,735	810	2,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,910	750	1,160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	385	270	115
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,530	485	1,045
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	2,205	815	1,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	205	20	190
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	565	125	445
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	685	235	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	130	75	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	315	220	95
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	245	135	110
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	60	10	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	6,360	1,775	4,585
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	95	0	90
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	885	290	595
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	970	85	890
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	1,100	185	920
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	50	0	45
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,065	225	845
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	2,195	990	1,205
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	15,945	6,155	9,790
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	30	0	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	700	110	585
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	15,215	6,040	9,180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	2,360	1,245	1,110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	760	275	485
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	540	275	265
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	40	15	30
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	885	630	255
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	135	50	85
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	2,750	1,925	820
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	2,315	1,745	570
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	140	25	120
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	260	140	120
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	25	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	18,340	16,085	2,255
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	545	325	220
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	5,420	4,315	1,105
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	3,760	3,120	640
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	3,635	3,530	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	3,125	3,010	110
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	1,850	1,790	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,090	555	535
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	580	330	250
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	505	230	280
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	9,470	1,780	7,690
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	830	420	410
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	8,520	1,310	7,215
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	120	50	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	3,155	1,385	1,775
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	2,000	470	1,530
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	15	20	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	520	335	190
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	605	550	55
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	88,390	44,200	44,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	29,145	15,005	14,140
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	3,175	660	2,520
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	3,175	660	2,520
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,750	670	1,075
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	325	235	95
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,420	435	985
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,930	700	1,235
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	195	20	175
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	515	115	405
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	590	190	405
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	115	70	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	255	180	75
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	220	115	105
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	40	10	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	5,735	1,575	4,160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	85	0	80
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	820	250	565
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	895	65	830
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	1,010	170	835
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	40	10	35
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	915	185	735
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	1,975	900	1,075
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	14,240	5,495	8,745
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	625	95	530
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	13,600	5,395	8,200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	1,950	1,030	915
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	640	235	400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	440	235	205
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	35	10	20
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	740	505	230
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	105	40	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	2,555	1,780	770
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	2,180	1,630	550
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	125	10	110
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	230	130	105
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	30	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	16,075	14,005	2,070
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	470	280	190
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	4,885	3,835	1,050
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	3,315	2,750	565
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	3,165	3,060	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	2,685	2,590	95
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	1,545	1,490	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	990	480	510
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	510	280	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	480	200	280
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	8,130	1,600	6,530
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	780	390	390
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	7,240	1,160	6,080
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	110	50	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	2,700	1,200	1,505
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,700	400	1,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	465	310	160
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	515	470	45
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	114,335	57,065	57,265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	47,000	23,780	23,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	67,330	33,285	34,040
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	52,945	26,265	26,675
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	36,920	18,290	18,630
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	16,025	7,980	8,050
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	14,385	7,025	7,360
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,775	1,005	770
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	3,470	1,445	2,015
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	1,075	535	540
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	1,340	800	545
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	570	250	320
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	60	30	30
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	6,100	2,960	3,135
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	88,390	44,200	44,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	29,145	15,005	14,140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	59,250	29,200	30,050
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	46,345	23,020	23,325
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	32,370	16,095	16,275
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	13,970	6,920	7,050
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	12,910	6,180	6,725
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	1,565	875	690
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	3,220	1,335	1,880
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	975	470	505
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	1,065	595	465
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	550	250	305
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	55	25	30
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	5,470	2,625	2,845
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	114,330	57,065	57,265
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	89,620	47,440	42,180
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	82,225	43,255	38,970
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	7,400	4,190	3,210
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	24,715	9,625	15,085
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	78.4	83.1	73.7
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	71.9	75.8	68.1
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.3	8.8	7.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	114,330	57,065	57,265
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	21,955	8,305	13,650
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	92,375	48,765	43,610
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	50,885	29,430	21,455
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	41,490	19,335	22,160
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.7	44.6	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	89,620	47,440	42,180
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,405	600	805
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	88,210	46,840	41,370
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	79,185	41,445	37,735
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	9,025	5,390	3,635
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	89,620	47,440	42,175
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,405	600	805
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	88,210	46,840	41,375
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	10,810	6,870	3,945
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	16,420	4,380	12,050
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	8,835	6,940	1,890
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	5,340	885	4,460
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	7,740	2,130	5,610
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,975	830	1,145
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	18,360	7,765	10,600
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	15,035	14,115	925
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	1,315	1,120	190
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	2,375	1,815	560
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	89,620	47,440	42,180
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,405	600	805
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	88,215	46,840	41,370
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	355	210	145
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	5,040	3,100	1,945
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	980	620	365
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	10,290	8,595	1,695
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	6,075	4,550	1,525
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	4,405	3,025	1,375
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	9,760	4,620	5,145
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	4,950	3,350	1,600
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,615	1,005	610
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	3,165	1,100	2,065
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	1,615	745	870
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	8,505	4,800	3,710
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	385	135	255
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	3,325	1,995	1,330
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	4,365	1,110	3,255
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	9,305	1,465	7,840
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,890	860	1,030
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	4,955	1,925	3,025
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	4,110	1,815	2,300
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	3,135	1,825	1,305
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	82,225	43,255	38,970
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	5,400	2,335	3,060
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	280	220	60
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	11,470	8,740	2,730
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	65,075	31,955	33,115
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	65,070	31,955	33,115
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	60,575	29,040	31,535
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	3,030	1,865	1,160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	1,135	835	300
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	330	210	120
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	76,540	40,690	35,845
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	61,550	34,235	27,310
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,975	1,355	2,615
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	7,840	3,415	4,430
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	1,485	580	905
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	505	380	125
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	1,195	730	460
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	76,540	40,695	35,845
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	14,130	6,855	7,275
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	31,115	16,965	14,150
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	19,515	10,650	8,870
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	6,785	3,520	3,265
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	4,995	2,710	2,285
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	76,540	40,695	35,850
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	6,140	4,350	1,790
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	19,295	11,675	7,625
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	23,110	11,710	11,405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	11,220	4,975	6,250
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	6,660	2,765	3,895
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	10,115	5,225	4,890
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	94,570	49,665	44,900
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	93,780	49,305	44,475
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	93,155	49,030	44,125
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	92,890	48,940	43,950
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	270	95	175
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	620	275	345
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	620	275	345
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	15	10	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	15	15	0
Amharic	200	95	100	10	10	10
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	210	85	120
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	210	90	125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	30	10	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	25	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	10
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	175	85	90
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	35	10	25
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	35	10	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	10	0	10
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	20	10	15
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	15	10	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	15	0	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	30	10	20
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	30	15	15
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	10	0	10
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	90	45	40
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	10	10	10
Romanian	745	365	380	10	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	65	35	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	10	0	10
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	10	10	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	10	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	150	70	85
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	150	70	85
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	60	35	25
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	90	35	60
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	10
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	795	365	430
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	215	65	150
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	565	290	275
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	94,570	49,665	44,900
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	91,330	48,050	43,275
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	385	160	230
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	970	465	510
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	1,825	955	865
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	20	0	20
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	1,805	960	850
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	10	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	144,365	72,400	71,960
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	121,820	61,045	60,775
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	22,545	11,360	11,190
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	17,675	8,980	8,695
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	4,870	2,380	2,495
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	3,420	1,680	1,740
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	1,805	880	925
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,615	795	820
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	1,450	695	755
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	134,355	67,300	67,060
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	65,720	33,080	32,640
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	68,640	34,225	34,415
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	46,985	23,810	23,180
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	21,655	10,420	11,240
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	14,730	7,240	7,490
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	6,105	2,995	3,110
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	8,625	4,245	4,380
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	6,920	3,180	3,750