Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Division No. 6, Census division [Census division], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Division No. 6, CDR Alberta [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 6, Census division [Census division], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	1,498,778	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	1,311,022	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	14.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	586,269	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	558,912	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	118.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	12,655.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	1,498,780	748,135	750,645
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	282,180	144,870	137,315
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	95,040	48,775	46,265
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	99,265	51,185	48,080
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	87,880	44,910	42,975
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	1,046,735	524,785	521,950
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	86,250	44,355	41,895
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	92,120	46,835	45,280
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	114,365	56,715	57,650
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	127,480	63,375	64,105
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	119,905	59,425	60,475
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	112,645	56,350	56,295
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	106,295	53,715	52,575
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	105,920	52,930	52,985
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	100,975	50,555	50,420
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	80,775	40,520	40,265
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	169,860	78,480	91,380
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	61,145	30,050	31,095
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	39,505	19,045	20,460
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	27,715	12,690	15,030
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	20,655	9,110	11,545
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	20,835	7,580	13,255
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	13,330	5,320	8,010
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	5,765	1,850	3,915
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	1,550	395	1,160
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	190	25	165
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	18.8	19.4	18.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	69.8	70.1	69.5
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	11.3	10.5	12.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.4	1.0	1.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	37.6	37.0	38.2
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	36.9	36.4	37.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	558,915	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	332,700	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	32,930	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	188,790	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	35,590	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	51,050	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	22,530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	79,225	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	390	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	4,500	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	558,910	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	129,770	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	184,450	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	93,640	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	92,380	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	58,675	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	1,478,555	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	1,216,595	603,265	613,325
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	734,335	368,075	366,260
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	624,870	313,190	311,675
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	109,465	54,885	54,585
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	482,260	235,195	247,065
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	337,550	185,145	152,400
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	26,695	11,680	15,020
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	72,910	28,790	44,120
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	45,105	9,580	35,520
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	413,080	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	191,425	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	90,860	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	91,735	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	39,055	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	413,080	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	357,160	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	302,435	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	54,725	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	55,920	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	43,280	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	12,640	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	357,160	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	157,250	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	199,905	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	74,735	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	87,540	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	37,630	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	55,920	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	34,175	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	16,130	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	5,620	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	247,585	126,830	120,755
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	558,910	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	381,910	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	144,410	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	237,500	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	15,020	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	161,980	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	129,765	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	32,210	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	1,486,605	742,340	744,265
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	1,349,130	680,440	668,695
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	1,290	570	720
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	105,815	48,875	56,940
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	30,365	12,455	17,910
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,486,600	742,340	744,265
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	1,426,360	714,780	711,580
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	22,630	11,520	11,110
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	7,910	3,905	4,005
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	29,710	12,130	17,580
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	26,585	13,475	13,110
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	1,486,600	742,340	744,265
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	1,445,390	722,290	723,100
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	1,053,870	533,250	520,620
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	1,031,835	522,035	509,805
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	22,035	11,215	10,820
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	391,520	189,035	202,480
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	1,160	475	685
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	555	220	340
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	245	95	150
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	235	100	135
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	5	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	5
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	55	20	35
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	10	0	5
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	155	70	85
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	15	5	5
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	65	10	50
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	5	5	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	55	10	45
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	105	35	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	105	40	65
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	5	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	20	5	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	5	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	5	5	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	65	25	40
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	5	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	5	0	5
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	20	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	5	5	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	5	5
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	5	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	5
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	5	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	15	5	10
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	5	5	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	430	200	240
Dakota	1,215	570	635	30	10	15
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	405	190	215
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	5	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	390,355	188,565	201,795
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	29,830	15,655	14,170
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	145	80	65
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	70	30	35
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	75	45	30
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	2,480	1,235	1,245
Bilen	805	455	350	50	25	20
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	955	495	465
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	1,465	710	755
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	10	5	5
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	27,160	14,315	12,845
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	4,075	1,970	2,110
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	19,100	10,260	8,840
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	290	160	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	90	40	45
Harari	1,320	635	685	75	45	30
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	510	255	255
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	35	15	20
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	2,765	1,465	1,300
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	210	100	110
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	45	30	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	14,520	6,785	7,740
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	905	430	475
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	13,600	6,345	7,260
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	10	0	5
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	50,005	21,680	28,325
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	235	110	125
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	2,110	900	1,210
Fijian	745	400	345	50	30	20
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	720	290	430
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	2,645	1,155	1,490
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	25	10	15
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	810	345	460
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	280	135	140
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	135	55	80
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	42,350	18,365	23,985
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	155	70	80
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	495	210	290
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	645	325	315
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	25	15	5
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	430	215	220
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	185	95	90
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	5,300	2,760	2,540
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	290	145	145
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	2,150	1,105	1,045
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	1,880	990	885
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	955	505	455
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	25	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	90	45	45
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	192,900	95,565	97,335
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,370	730	645
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	255	135	120
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	32,225	15,080	17,145
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	540	255	285
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	195	95	100
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	345	160	185
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	31,680	14,825	16,860
Belarusan	810	385	430	25	10	10
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	870	435	435
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	960	485	470
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	2,145	1,060	1,080
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	1,580	740	840
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	160	80	85
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	8,375	3,945	4,430
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	9,745	4,395	5,350
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	1,905	950	950
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	530	260	275
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	1,215	595	620
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	285	125	160
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	3,820	1,700	2,120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	70	40	25
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	140	70	70
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	55	25	30
Welsh	1,075	495	575	65	30	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	20	15	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	21,425	10,385	11,040
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	1,115	540	580
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	975	515	460
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	4,740	2,350	2,390
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	60	30	35
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	13,655	6,555	7,100
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	70	35	30
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	275	110	160
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	320	140	180
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	125	60	60
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	80	40	40
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	10	10	5
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,620	815	800
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	92,235	46,740	45,495
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	79,125	39,910	39,220
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	4,160	2,130	2,030
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	5,630	2,840	2,785
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	7,440	3,795	3,645
Kashmiri	565	300	265	85	45	40
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	175	90	85
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	845	435	415
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	1,960	1,035	925
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	100	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	39,010	19,620	19,385
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	1,750	820	925
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	985	480	505
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	16,995	8,565	8,430
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	12,145	6,325	5,820
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	750	400	350
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	1,645	845	800
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	9,750	5,085	4,670
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	960	505	460
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	43,630	21,610	22,020
Catalan	865	440	425	45	20	30
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	5,550	2,845	2,705
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	3,760	1,795	1,965
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	4,850	2,485	2,365
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	29,415	14,465	14,950
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	10	5	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	2,460	860	1,600
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	130	75	55
Georgian	1,715	910	805	135	75	55
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	9,345	4,340	5,005
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	450	210	240
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	450	210	240
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	5,965	3,055	2,905
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	705	370	335
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	15	10	10
Edo	1,670	770	900	105	65	40
Ewe	1,760	950	805	60	35	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	80	45	35
Ga	920	445	470	65	35	35
Ganda	1,295	625	665	45	20	20
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	710	380	330
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	85	40	50
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	150	75	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	125	60	65
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	325	155	165
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	805	385	415
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	115	65	50
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	1,445	760	685
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	1,130	560	570
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	1,520	750	765
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	730	370	365
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	790	380	405
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	275	160	120
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	105	60	45
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	170	100	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	69,435	32,670	36,765
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	68,190	32,050	36,135
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	34,315	16,125	18,195
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	345	155	190
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	28,845	13,590	15,250
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	45	15	20
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	1,720	765	955
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	380	175	205
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	2,530	1,215	1,315
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	15	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	1,245	620	630
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	270	135	130
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	285	135	150
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	550	280	270
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	145	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	1,150	405	740
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	490	220	265
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	655	185	470
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	10	5	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	1,785	980	805
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	240	135	105
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	1,270	715	550
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	55	25	30
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	75	40	35
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	140	60	80
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	4,230	2,040	2,195
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	100	50	45
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	350	135	210
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	3,785	1,855	1,930
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	335	205	130
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	41,215	20,050	21,165
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	3,800	1,800	1,995
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	35,525	17,340	18,180
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	1,080	560	520
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	820	350	470
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,486,605	742,340	744,265
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	1,398,040	699,095	698,945
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,173,955	589,590	584,360
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	1,164,955	585,005	579,950
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	8,995	4,585	4,415
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	224,085	109,505	114,585
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	465	230	235
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	145	80	65
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	65	35	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	75	40	35
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	5	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	5	10	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	65	30	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	5	0	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	20	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	15	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	5
Gwich'in	45	25	25	5	5	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	5	5	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	5	5	5
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	290	140	145
Dakota	255	140	120	15	5	10
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	275	140	135
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	223,620	109,275	114,345
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	18,360	9,370	8,995
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	65	35	25
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	30	20	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	35	20	15
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	1,650	805	850
Bilen	620	330	285	50	25	25
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	710	355	360
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	890	425	465
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	5	5	5
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	16,630	8,520	8,110
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	2,730	1,310	1,420
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	11,095	5,730	5,365
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	200	100	100
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	75	40	40
Harari	735	335	400	50	25	25
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	260	130	130
Maltese	1,130	525	605	10	5	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	2,060	1,095	965
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	150	75	75
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	9,420	4,430	4,990
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	455	225	235
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	8,965	4,205	4,755
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	26,625	12,475	14,150
Bikol	290	140	155	50	25	25
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	895	425	470
Fijian	195	105	90	15	10	5
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	220	100	120
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	1,060	500	560
Malagasy	435	220	210	10	5	5
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	235	125	110
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	65	30	35
Pangasinan	240	110	135	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	23,855	11,160	12,695
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	60	25	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	150	60	85
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	290	150	145
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	220	110	110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	70	35	30
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	3,210	1,630	1,585
Kannada	1,630	825	800	115	60	55
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	1,310	665	650
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,200	605	600
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	560	290	275
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	20	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	55	30	30
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	104,460	51,975	52,485
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	620	335	285
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	110	55	55
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	14,095	6,895	7,200
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	240	130	110
Latvian	1,255	530	725	85	45	35
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	155	85	70
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	13,855	6,770	7,090
Belarusan	230	105	120	5	5	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	390	200	195
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	485	245	235
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	750	370	380
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	450	220	235
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	80	40	40
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	3,350	1,625	1,725
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	5,875	2,845	3,025
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	965	470	495
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	175	90	90
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	475	230	240
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	40	15	25
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	800	400	405
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	15	10	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	15	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	5	5	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	3,465	1,645	1,815
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	600	290	315
Danish	855	410	445	70	35	35
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	615	295	320
Frisian	185	95	90	5	5	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	2,035	965	1,070
Icelandic	270	120	150	15	10	5
Norwegian	345	145	200	25	10	15
Swedish	1,045	500	545	55	25	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	15	10	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	5	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	505	240	265
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	62,020	31,110	30,910
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	53,520	26,825	26,695
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	2,760	1,385	1,375
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	3,150	1,575	1,575
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	4,135	2,125	2,010
Kashmiri	135	70	70	45	25	20
Konkani	720	355	370	35	15	20
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	445	225	210
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	1,350	695	650
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	50	25	25
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	29,195	14,610	14,585
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	745	330	415
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	510	255	255
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	11,100	5,550	5,550
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	7,995	4,025	3,970
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	460	230	225
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	1,060	535	520
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	6,480	3,260	3,225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	505	255	245
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	23,625	11,680	11,950
Catalan	355	165	190	25	10	10
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	1,290	570	720
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	1,785	865	920
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	2,485	1,290	1,195
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	18,040	8,940	9,100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	5
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	1,120	490	630
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	85	45	35
Georgian	1,035	565	475	85	45	35
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	6,650	3,170	3,475
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	280	135	145
Mongolian	910	435	470	280	130	145
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	1,835	885	955
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	330	170	165
Bamanankan	340	180	160	5	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	25	10	15
Ewe	410	185	225	15	10	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	40	20	20
Ga	250	105	140	25	10	15
Ganda	345	160	185	5	5	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	135	65	70
Lingala	1,045	455	590	25	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	65	35	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	25	10	15
Shona	1,035	475	560	95	45	55
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	350	155	190
Wolof	1,380	745	635	60	35	30
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	355	170	180
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	280	135	140
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	915	440	470
Dinka	1,130	580	550	450	215	230
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	465	225	245
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	355	210	145
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	90	50	45
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	265	160	105
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	46,995	22,370	24,625
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	46,115	21,935	24,185
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	22,285	10,400	11,885
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	95	35	65
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	21,215	10,285	10,930
Min Dong	345	150	195	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	675	295	380
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	210	110	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	1,620	800	820
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	875	440	440
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	175	85	85
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	235	105	125
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	395	210	190
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	75	35	35
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	425	185	240
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	195	85	105
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	230	100	130
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	10	0	5
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	1,005	520	480
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	105	55	50
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	760	400	360
Uyghur	610	315	290	40	20	20
Uzbek	990	505	490	50	25	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	50	20	25
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	1,410	695	715
Estonian	975	365	610	15	5	10
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	55	30	25
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	1,335	660	680
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	110	70	40
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	88,565	43,245	45,320
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	2,550	1,265	1,290
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	84,305	41,165	43,140
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	395	190	200
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	1,315	625	685
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	1,486,605	742,340	744,265
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,254,320	629,830	624,485
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	99,305	49,455	49,850
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	14,815	6,745	8,070
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	114,000	54,245	59,755
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	785	320	460
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	113,215	53,920	59,295
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	685	345	340
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	2,195	1,120	1,075
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	1,255	585	665
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	35	15	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	1,197,300	594,890	602,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	1,137,675	565,520	572,150
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	43,833	54,150	35,311
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,137,925	565,590	572,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	38,895	46,581	32,153
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	1,066,620	542,555	524,065
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	43,517	53,805	34,470
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	649,710	254,855	394,855
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	3,214	2,422	3,516
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	926,430	482,160	444,270
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	43,699	53,420	35,361
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,197,280	594,870	602,410
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	1,138,275	565,590	572,690
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	69,070	88,222	50,155
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	1,138,495	565,655	572,845
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	54,836	68,208	41,632
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	1,066,975	542,640	524,335
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	69,686	88,844	49,858
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	649,845	254,780	395,065
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,568	6,623	6,532
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	926,435	481,850	444,585
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	65,167	81,387	47,588
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,197,285	594,870	602,410
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	435,780	250,070	185,710
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	66,311	74,578	57,288
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	90,769	106,176	70,022
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	94.6	96.7	91.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	76.5	78.5	73.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	5.4	3.3	8.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,197,300	594,890	602,410
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	59,625	29,370	30,260
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	1,137,670	565,525	572,155
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.0	95.1	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	148,305	57,300	91,005
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	139,880	55,400	84,480
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	128,365	51,415	76,950
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	110,290	48,815	61,475
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	105,435	49,990	55,440
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	91,235	45,670	45,560
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	75,250	40,340	34,910
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	60,900	34,630	26,270
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	49,095	28,790	20,300
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	41,840	24,305	17,535
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	187,080	128,855	58,225
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	103,260	66,045	37,215
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	83,820	62,810	21,010
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,197,300	594,890	602,410
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	59,375	29,300	30,075
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,137,925	565,590	572,335
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.0	95.1	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	152,150	58,490	93,665
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	146,090	58,125	87,970
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	148,375	60,300	88,075
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	137,645	63,470	74,175
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	128,030	63,415	64,620
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	100,975	54,090	46,885
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	76,720	44,090	32,630
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	58,925	34,695	24,225
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	189,010	128,925	60,090
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	44,510	26,555	17,955
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	30,730	19,630	11,100
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	113,770	82,735	31,035
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	1,197,300	594,890	602,410
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	270,870	112,730	158,135
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	926,430	482,160	444,270
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	77.4	81.1	73.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	100,380	45,480	54,905
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	60,045	25,410	34,635
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	101,305	43,335	57,965
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	86,950	36,890	50,060
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	83,330	38,265	45,060
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	81,220	39,010	42,210
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	72,055	36,195	35,860
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	60,055	33,000	27,050
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	49,775	28,610	21,170
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	231,325	155,965	75,360
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	41,155	24,665	16,495
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	36,385	21,250	15,135
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	153,785	110,055	43,735
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	558,910	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	99,388	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	84,636	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	129,765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	52,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	44,516	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	429,140	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	116,969	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	99,210	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	558,910	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	140,668	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	111,700	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	129,845	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	70,974	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	56,694	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	429,065	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	161,759	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	128,346	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	558,910	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	8,040	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	4,955	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	6,030	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	10,565	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	15,845	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	12,355	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	13,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	15,125	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	15,485	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	15,865	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	33,245	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	33,795	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	32,980	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	32,320	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	30,785	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	277,690	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	67,500	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	52,155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	67,820	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	90,215	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	558,910	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	8,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	5,065	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	6,245	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	11,055	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	16,975	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	14,315	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	16,515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	18,345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	19,510	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	20,555	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	41,715	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	41,460	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	40,540	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	38,420	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	34,825	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	224,590	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	70,360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	49,515	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	104,710	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	406,005	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	115,576	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	97,962	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	142,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	107,095	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	90,432	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	199,930	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	137,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	115,495	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	50,880	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	67,350	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	60,460	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	405,995	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	162,268	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	128,337	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	142,060	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	154,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	121,914	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	200,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	188,315	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	147,839	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	50,530	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	89,027	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	74,780	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	210,880	110,395	100,490
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	44,498	47,880	40,904
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	39,062	41,362	36,496
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	210,450	110,250	100,205
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	60,543	65,833	54,722
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	49,069	52,522	45,269
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	1,478,555	739,150	739,410
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	533,470	259,310	274,165
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	103,290	51,315	51,975
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	93,030	43,040	49,985
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	102,565	49,110	53,455
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	111,525	54,725	56,795
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	123,065	61,120	61,945
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	945,085	479,840	465,245
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	132,530	66,350	66,180
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	144,110	72,510	71,600
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	160,570	81,360	79,215
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	193,890	98,225	95,660
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	313,985	161,395	152,590
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	1,476,315	738,005	738,310
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	331,735	170,215	161,525
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	114,000	58,480	55,520
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	987,590	493,555	494,040
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	156,985	74,240	82,750
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	130,220	62,210	68,010
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	39,925	20,505	19,420
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	14,095	7,220	6,875
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	77,725	36,895	40,835
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	12,570	4,810	7,755
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	8.8	8.4	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	12.0	12.0	12.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	12.4	12.3	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	7.9	7.5	8.3
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	8.0	6.5	9.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	115,175	57,030	58,140
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	31,225	16,060	15,165
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	11,020	5,650	5,370
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	77,135	38,180	38,955
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	6,810	2,790	4,020
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	7.8	7.7	7.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	9.4	9.4	9.4
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	9.7	9.7	9.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	7.8	7.7	7.9
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	4.3	3.8	4.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,478,555	739,145	739,405
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	1,448,270	726,455	721,810
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	1,446,935	725,850	721,090
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	106,780	49,325	57,455
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	495,055	240,210	254,840
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	1,690	705	985
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	960	385	570
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	365	130	240
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	490	215	275
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	10	0	10
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	135	70	65
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	15	10	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	65	10	50
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	270	130	140
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	115	45	65
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	105	45	60
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	190	75	110
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	190	75	110
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	10	0	10
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	10
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	140	60	80
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	40	15	25
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	25	10	15
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	10	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	10	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	20	0	20
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	10	10	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	465	200	260
Dakota	1,760	870	890	65	30	35
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	430	190	240
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	10	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	15	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	15	10	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	493,390	239,515	253,875
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	42,095	22,120	19,970
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	200	140	60
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	110	65	45
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	95	80	15
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	3,590	1,835	1,755
Bilen	1,085	625	470	65	45	25
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	1,370	710	660
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	2,185	1,090	1,090
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	30	0	20
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	38,915	20,515	18,400
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	5,795	2,940	2,855
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	28,815	15,345	13,470
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	335	165	165
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	115	55	60
Harari	1,710	855	860	95	45	50
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,625	780	845
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	35	25	15
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	3,610	1,950	1,655
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	245	140	110
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	170	100	70
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	18,580	8,835	9,740
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,215	655	560
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	17,430	8,210	9,220
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	63,050	27,255	35,790
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	175	70	105
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	3,000	1,325	1,675
Fijian	1,660	955	705	135	80	60
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	1,005	425	585
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	3,755	1,645	2,110
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	45	20	30
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	1,520	725	800
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	445	215	225
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	230	95	130
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	59,655	25,610	34,045
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	230	100	130
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	595	255	335
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	1,820	900	920
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	85	45	35
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	1,120	560	565
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	620	300	325
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	7,295	3,830	3,465
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	565	285	280
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	2,615	1,380	1,235
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	3,235	1,705	1,530
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	1,295	685	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	75	40	40
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	85	40	45
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	254,480	126,365	128,115
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	1,755	925	835
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	295	165	130
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	37,555	18,245	19,310
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	655	315	340
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	270	140	130
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	385	170	215
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	37,140	18,055	19,085
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	75	30	45
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,360	730	635
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	1,125	595	530
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	2,805	1,405	1,405
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,875	875	1,000
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	275	145	130
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	9,765	4,685	5,075
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	14,000	6,735	7,265
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	2,420	1,200	1,220
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	580	320	260
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	1,645	910	735
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	340	165	175
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	5,000	2,255	2,745
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	80	40	40
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	505	245	260
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	185	95	90
Welsh	1,690	830	860	125	70	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	190	75	110
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	30,480	15,145	15,330
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	2,105	1,120	985
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	1,160	555	600
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	5,725	2,835	2,890
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	105	45	55
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	20,935	10,510	10,425
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	90	40	40
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	540	210	335
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	685	330	350
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	150	75	75
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	175	95	75
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	80	30	50
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	2,550	1,290	1,255
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	115,050	58,450	56,600
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	102,320	51,690	50,625
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	5,100	2,565	2,535
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	8,660	4,205	4,455
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	30,060	15,410	14,645
Kashmiri	905	490	420	65	40	20
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	390	205	190
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	1,550	805	740
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	2,260	1,260	1,000
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	150	70	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	51,335	26,055	25,280
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	2,785	1,225	1,565
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	1,410	700	710
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	26,120	13,345	12,770
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	13,630	7,170	6,465
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	1,005	545	460
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	2,205	1,190	1,010
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	10,790	5,680	5,110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	1,180	630	545
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	72,570	35,155	37,410
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	85	50	40
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	9,830	4,845	4,980
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	5,470	2,700	2,770
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	6,045	3,140	2,900
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	53,745	25,785	27,960
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	80	50	30
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	4,485	2,025	2,460
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	140	90	50
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	140	90	50
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	10,405	4,880	5,530
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	660	310	350
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	655	310	350
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	12,205	6,160	6,045
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	1,150	610	540
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	20	15	10
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	235	150	90
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	75	35	40
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	135	80	55
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	110	65	50
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	80	35	45
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	1,500	790	705
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	425	230	200
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	170	95	80
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	105	45	60
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	510	225	285
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	2,430	1,200	1,230
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	330	195	135
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	3,530	1,780	1,745
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	2,265	1,090	1,175
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	1,695	775	920
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	785	385	400
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	920	400	520
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	1,825	775	1,045
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	970	380	585
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	870	405	465
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	80,570	38,395	42,170
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	79,080	37,675	41,405
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	43,205	20,400	22,805
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	430	185	245
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	39,585	18,650	20,940
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	60	35	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	2,425	1,015	1,410
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	575	245	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	3,160	1,560	1,600
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	1,525	730	790
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	345	165	180
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	295	145	150
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	800	400	400
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	155	60	95
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	1,580	650	925
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	660	310	350
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	1,020	390	630
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	10	10	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	2,595	1,385	1,205
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	350	170	180
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	1,715	985	735
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	130	60	70
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	245	110	135
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	205	95	110
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	4,995	2,390	2,605
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	110	50	60
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	370	170	200
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	4,505	2,160	2,345
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	800	455	350
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,478,555	739,145	739,410
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	1,318,760	661,985	656,775
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	305,580	156,775	148,800
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	1,013,175	505,205	507,970
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	159,795	77,160	82,635
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,478,555	739,150	739,410
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	1,034,370	523,185	511,185
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	415,935	201,820	214,115
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	73,380	36,520	36,860
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	42,050	19,990	22,055
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	69,850	33,460	36,395
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	135,005	65,555	69,450
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	60,405	29,495	30,910
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	74,600	36,060	38,540
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	95,650	46,295	49,360
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	28,250	14,145	14,105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	415,930	201,820	214,115
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	38,720	19,770	18,955
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	71,380	37,000	34,375
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	81,525	37,485	44,035
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	185,945	89,400	96,540
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	38,370	18,160	20,205
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	415,935	201,820	214,115
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	46,020	21,780	24,245
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	1,475	675	800
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	5,860	2,765	3,090
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	2,480	1,250	1,235
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	890	450	435
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	540	275	260
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	3,120	1,410	1,705
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	4,660	2,280	2,380
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	1,120	470	650
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,495	725	765
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	13,230	5,965	7,260
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	11,150	5,490	5,660
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	87,110	43,680	43,430
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	2,115	1,085	1,030
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	1,330	690	640
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	1,325	655	670
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	7,195	3,400	3,795
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	960	505	455
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	2,030	1,020	1,010
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	1,815	955	855
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	3,940	2,120	1,820
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	3,960	2,100	1,855
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	7,010	3,310	3,695
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	1,205	555	650
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	4,630	2,320	2,310
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	4,065	1,745	2,325
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	1,145	585	565
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	3,050	1,410	1,640
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	29,390	15,105	14,285
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	11,945	6,110	5,835
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	41,460	21,215	20,245
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	775	420	355
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	2,955	1,580	1,375
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	5,235	2,595	2,645
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	2,770	1,345	1,425
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	710	375	340
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	7,750	4,025	3,725
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	1,355	645	710
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	3,250	1,685	1,565
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	16,650	8,550	8,105
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	237,215	113,050	124,165
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	3,290	1,770	1,525
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	3,180	1,635	1,545
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	35,135	16,200	18,930
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	11,150	5,410	5,745
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	47,235	23,720	23,520
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	5,815	3,010	2,805
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	3,650	1,955	1,700
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	1,565	445	1,120
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	7,385	3,475	3,910
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	4,415	2,345	2,070
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	17,785	9,250	8,535
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	55,050	23,970	31,075
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	2,020	1,035	985
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	2,215	1,155	1,060
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	2,245	950	1,295
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	15,755	7,330	8,425
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	19,315	9,390	9,930
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	4,130	2,090	2,040
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	95,650	46,295	49,360
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	9,530	4,725	4,810
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	535	245	290
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	1,280	605	675
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	125	60	70
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	145	95	55
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	480	245	230
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	2,015	1,055	960
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	2,125	1,005	1,125
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	1,140	555	585
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	1,680	860	820
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	10,165	5,240	4,925
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	275	165	115
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	490	235	255
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	615	385	230
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	445	250	200
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	620	320	310
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	650	220	430
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	850	350	500
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	3,285	1,865	1,415
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	2,920	1,450	1,470
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	12,165	6,185	5,980
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	165	80	80
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	570	285	285
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	215	100	125
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	130	80	50
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	1,130	590	540
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	1,060	605	455
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	1,590	735	855
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	190	70	120
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	3,940	2,065	1,875
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	240	90	150
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	590	325	265
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	70	35	35
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	2,280	1,120	1,155
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	62,970	29,600	33,370
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	490	270	220
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	750	350	400
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	6,340	2,850	3,495
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	415	190	225
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	13,105	6,655	6,455
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	2,250	1,130	1,120
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	1,230	655	575
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	225	110	115
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	335	85	255
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	1,940	790	1,145
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	555	290	265
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	1,125	595	530
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	4,400	2,150	2,255
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	23,170	10,430	12,745
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	365	185	175
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	330	160	180
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,410	715	695
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	320	110	215
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	140	55	80
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	440	225	215
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	1,220	495	725
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	2,405	1,115	1,290
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	820	550	275
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	580	370	210
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	245	175	65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,478,555	739,145	739,410
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	454,345	221,350	232,995
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	308,920	156,425	152,490
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	715,290	361,375	353,915
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	349,425	168,800	180,625
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	198,105	99,875	98,225
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	78,415	49,470	28,945
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	119,690	50,405	69,285
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	99,880	40,835	59,055
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	48,590	26,655	21,935
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	2,845	1,435	1,410
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,478,555	739,145	739,410
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	46,285	22,120	24,165
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	45,150	21,610	23,545
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	19,790	9,280	10,510
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	24,830	12,125	12,700
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	535	200	330
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	510	240	265
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	620	270	355
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	1,432,270	717,025	715,245
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,478,555	739,145	739,405
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	16,065	7,455	8,615
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	1,462,490	731,695	730,795
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	1,478,555	739,145	739,410
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	10,760	5,060	5,700
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	10,460	4,890	5,570
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	7,625	3,545	4,080
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	2,715	1,290	1,425
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	125	50	70
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	300	175	130
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	290	170	115
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	51,030	24,485	26,540
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	48,925	23,470	25,460
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	26,300	12,440	13,865
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	22,120	10,850	11,275
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	505	185	315
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	2,100	1,020	1,085
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	1,995	960	1,035
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	50	20	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	45	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	1,416,765	709,600	707,165
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,478,555	739,145	739,405
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	469,705	231,340	238,370
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	123,900	62,885	61,020
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	90,285	44,050	46,235
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	54,905	28,140	26,765
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	73,005	32,835	40,170
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	28,205	13,915	14,290
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	26,560	14,095	12,465
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	23,405	11,210	12,200
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	12,845	6,810	6,040
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	11,165	5,265	5,905
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	5,735	2,555	3,180
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	4,715	2,220	2,500
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	14,985	7,375	7,605
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	1,008,850	507,805	501,045
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,478,555	739,150	739,410
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	61,790	29,545	32,245
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	36,285	17,150	19,135
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	745	290	450
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	27,185	13,300	13,880
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	324,605	164,890	159,720
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,930	1,010	920
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	26,565	13,020	13,545
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	305,685	155,475	150,210
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	25	20	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	570	330	245
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	60	40	20
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	55	45	10
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	510	275	240
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	165	100	65
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	901,255	450,105	451,150
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	584,095	290,930	293,165
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	140	75	65
Cornish	1,975	995	975	105	25	75
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	334,445	165,545	168,905
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	218,400	105,440	112,960
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	420	215	205
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	267,255	132,320	134,935
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	30,500	14,830	15,670
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	39,290	19,140	20,145
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	129,505	63,620	65,885
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	50	25	25
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	25	10	20
Corsican	1,750	950	805	20	0	15
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	129,445	63,595	65,845
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	292,065	144,720	147,340
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	15,650	7,650	8,000
Bavarian	940	485	455	30	20	10
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	7,345	3,575	3,775
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	61,175	30,635	30,535
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	670	290	380
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	255	135	120
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	224,975	111,060	113,920
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	280	145	135
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	9,125	4,410	4,715
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	430	210	220
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	107,110	51,615	55,495
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	21,260	10,405	10,855
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	6,315	3,090	3,225
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	8,300	4,015	4,290
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	47,660	22,600	25,060
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	30,365	14,445	15,920
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	4,530	2,325	2,205
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	222,980	109,215	113,770
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	1,675	855	825
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	845	405	445
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	8,130	4,055	4,075
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	2,890	1,385	1,510
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	1,270	555	710
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	23,715	11,530	12,190
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	1,305	655	655
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	2,615	1,260	1,355
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	1,000	530	470
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	60,280	29,300	30,975
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	14,445	6,820	7,630
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	41,590	19,800	21,790
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	5,000	2,595	2,405
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	98,875	48,535	50,340
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	945	480	460
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	97,265	48,360	48,905
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,890	970	920
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,820	990	830
Catalan	1,280	740	535	45	20	20
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	6,525	3,350	3,175
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	65	25	40
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	6,995	3,600	3,400
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	45,625	22,880	22,745
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	150	75	75
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	545	240	295
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	670	335	340
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	130	75	55
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	8,905	4,510	4,395
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	3,515	1,795	1,720
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	160	75	80
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,865	1,020	845
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	23,035	10,740	12,295
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	1,860	905	955
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	125	55	70
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	10,115	4,965	5,150
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	200	90	110
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	4,690	2,230	2,460
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	200	105	95
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	450	235	215
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	4,615	2,335	2,275
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	15,920	7,880	8,040
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	305	185	120
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	135	65	75
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	890	405	485
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	125	55	75
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	60	15	45
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	855	400	455
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	345	215	130
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	210	90	115
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	1,020	525	490
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	7,400	3,635	3,765
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	65	50	10
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	240	125	120
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	340	165	175
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	2,210	1,130	1,075
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	365	150	215
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,200	595	610
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	1,170	545	630
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	36,915	18,140	18,775
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	845	435	405
Arawak	1,440	610	830	80	15	70
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	825	415	415
Belizean	1,755	915	845	210	140	75
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	280	150	125
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,650	710	935
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	3,300	1,665	1,635
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	7,500	3,565	3,935
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	295	135	160
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	445	185	260
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	1,300	670	630
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,170	620	540
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	760	360	400
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	370	195	170
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	230	120	110
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	8,945	4,525	4,425
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	910	415	495
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	160	65	100
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	175	85	90
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	1,500	655	845
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	3,010	1,560	1,450
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	145	80	70
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	3,455	1,725	1,725
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,710	835	875
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	59,290	30,310	28,985
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	16,515	8,585	7,925
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	95	60	40
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	160	75	85
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	85	50	35
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	120	45	75
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	20	10	15
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	965	470	500
Chadian	1,845	955	885	65	50	15
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	1,395	665	730
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	290	170	125
Ewe	845	470	375	70	40	30
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	25	0	20
Gambian	975	495	475	70	40	35
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	1,860	990	870
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	155	85	70
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	1,160	605	550
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	185	110	70
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	305	150	155
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	25	20	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	20	10	10
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	7,875	4,110	3,765
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	45	30	15
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	280	185	95
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	225	120	105
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	80	35	45
Wolof	840	495	345	40	30	15
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	1,815	990	825
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	695	335	360
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	11,545	6,050	5,495
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	825	420	405
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	355	200	150
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	115	60	55
Dinka	900	500	400	265	150	115
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	4,585	2,445	2,140
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	580	305	275
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	1,125	590	535
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	3,375	1,695	1,685
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	480	260	225
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	290	165	120
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	21,385	10,830	10,555
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	140	70	70
Amhara	1,530	815	715	220	115	100
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	235	120	115
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	195	105	85
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	10	0	10
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	3,805	2,040	1,765
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	6,400	3,230	3,175
Harari	665	355	305	45	25	25
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	970	435	535
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	50	15	35
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	280	160	115
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	675	350	330
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	180	80	100
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	25	20	10
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	2,765	1,395	1,370
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	2,960	1,425	1,530
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	485	190	295
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	430	240	190
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	340	195	145
Zambian	1,860	935	920	140	80	55
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	810	405	405
Zulu	945	475	475	80	50	35
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	1,570	765	805
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	10,990	5,415	5,575
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	935	435	500
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	10,155	5,030	5,125
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	389,585	190,635	198,950
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	49,040	25,600	23,440
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	5,345	2,865	2,470
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	5,120	2,760	2,365
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	1,025	515	515
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	355	210	145
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	290	115	175
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	235	140	90
Hazara	1,515	810	705	265	140	125
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	8,610	4,475	4,135
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	3,830	2,020	1,815
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	755	400	355
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	600	310	285
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	300	120	175
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	945	530	410
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	50	40	10
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	150	90	60
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	14,055	7,250	6,805
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	1,680	895	780
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	375	175	205
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	185	110	80
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	3,395	1,665	1,725
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	170	100	70
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	370	160	210
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	2,625	1,425	1,200
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	60	35	25
Uighur	1,555	775	785	150	75	75
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	270	120	150
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	540	270	275
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	1,375	720	655
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	123,510	62,815	60,690
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	2,365	1,175	1,190
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	1,010	505	505
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	160	80	75
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	91,405	46,205	45,200
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	350	185	160
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	295	140	155
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	595	290	305
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	1,930	1,060	870
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	18,550	9,525	9,020
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	8,655	4,485	4,170
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	385	205	180
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	2,445	1,260	1,185
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	445	230	215
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	2,570	1,300	1,270
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	219,265	103,395	115,870
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	770	390	385
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	2,150	1,165	985
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	105,360	50,960	54,400
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	77,440	35,030	42,405
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	1,630	750	880
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	7,980	3,565	4,415
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	300	145	155
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	11,785	5,545	6,240
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	960	445	520
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	1,360	625	740
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	1,105	510	595
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	205	105	95
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	1,210	530	690
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	1,125	400	720
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	890	460	425
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	21,095	10,195	10,900
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	340	180	165
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	1,695	860	835
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	1,695	860	830
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	6,915	3,490	3,425
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	3,785	1,930	1,860
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	1,455	765	685
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	1,820	880	945
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	1,190	555	640
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	160	65	90
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	190	80	105
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	85	50	30
Samoan	1,100	625	475	90	70	20
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	140	70	70
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	558,915	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	411,880	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	146,860	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	558,910	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	117,205	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	441,705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	558,910	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	1,830	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	53,655	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	119,715	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	201,350	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	182,375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	558,915	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	138,040	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	84,295	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	81,455	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	72,810	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	182,305	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	558,915	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	546,025	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	12,885	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	558,910	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	534,285	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	24,630	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	558,915	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	51,440	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	150,795	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	69,125	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	91,030	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	65,580	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	67,860	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	63,090	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	558,910	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	535,330	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	23,585	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	558,910	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	308,890	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	230,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	19,825	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	558,910	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	15,115	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	103,370	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	121,600	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	119,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	104,290	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	57,455	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	27,875	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	9,335	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	552,885	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	432,595	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	120,290	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	103,840	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	408,735	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	67.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	16.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,607	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,635	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	450,224	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	527,278	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	146,795	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	9.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,320	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,363	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	1,197,285	594,875	602,410
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	163,960	84,625	79,335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	315,170	156,660	158,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	718,150	353,595	364,560
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	87,055	65,425	21,630
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	30,370	17,305	13,065
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	56,685	48,120	8,565
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	221,385	92,540	128,850
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	37,975	15,440	22,540
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	371,735	180,185	191,545
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	260,495	122,500	137,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	19,655	9,035	10,630
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	9,965	5,030	4,935
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	70,005	36,180	33,825
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	11,615	7,445	4,170
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	863,305	429,610	433,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	71,220	39,300	31,925
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	195,310	98,605	96,710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	596,770	291,700	305,065
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	67,065	51,185	15,885
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	22,465	13,055	9,410
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	44,605	38,135	6,475
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	178,560	75,170	103,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	30,425	12,450	17,970
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	320,715	152,890	167,825
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	223,765	104,155	119,605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	16,365	7,375	8,985
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	8,790	4,145	4,645
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	62,455	31,525	30,925
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	9,345	5,690	3,655
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,197,280	594,870	602,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	479,125	241,280	237,845
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	43,020	9,180	33,840
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	43,025	9,180	33,840
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	23,065	9,510	13,550
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	3,960	2,745	1,215
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	19,105	6,765	12,340
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	31,770	11,665	20,105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	3,340	695	2,650
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	7,670	2,015	5,650
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	9,700	3,260	6,435
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	135	65	65
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	2,120	1,155	965
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	3,780	2,210	1,565
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	4,225	2,095	2,130
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	805	170	635
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	75,070	26,045	49,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	850	150	705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	9,260	3,085	6,180
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	9,385	890	8,495
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	14,125	4,860	9,265
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	965	230	730
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	11,875	2,625	9,250
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	28,610	14,210	14,400
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	163,090	66,805	96,285
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	215	65	145
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	8,105	1,400	6,705
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	154,775	65,340	89,435
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	36,430	19,815	16,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	11,375	4,575	6,805
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	6,890	3,355	3,540
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	325	120	205
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	16,220	11,210	5,010
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	1,615	550	1,065
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	30,315	19,630	10,685
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	24,720	17,205	7,515
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	1,650	225	1,425
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	3,620	1,990	1,630
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	320	210	110
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	172,000	148,565	23,435
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	5,990	3,705	2,285
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	64,160	51,310	12,850
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	33,195	27,090	6,110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	30	0	30
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	29,180	28,295	885
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	26,570	25,745	825
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	12,875	12,420	455
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	13,085	7,190	5,890
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	7,470	4,395	3,080
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	5,615	2,800	2,815
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	100,060	20,550	79,510
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	8,405	4,065	4,340
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	88,880	14,980	73,905
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	2,780	1,505	1,270
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	30,175	14,615	15,565
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	19,460	5,900	13,560
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	125	120	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	210	180	25
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	4,675	3,255	1,425
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	5,705	5,165	540
Other	3,170	885	2,280	70	30	50
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	70	25	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	863,310	429,605	433,700
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	266,540	137,905	128,630
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	32,955	6,505	26,445
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	32,955	6,505	26,450
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	19,065	7,690	11,380
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	3,230	2,195	1,030
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	15,835	5,490	10,345
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	26,295	9,470	16,820
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	2,835	565	2,270
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	6,420	1,650	4,765
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	8,290	2,735	5,550
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	120	65	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	1,710	935	775
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	2,825	1,645	1,175
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	3,515	1,740	1,775
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	585	130	450
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	64,290	21,870	42,420
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	725	140	590
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	8,035	2,610	5,425
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	7,640	710	6,935
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	12,300	3,970	8,335
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	800	200	600
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	9,995	2,080	7,915
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	24,795	12,160	12,630
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	138,055	56,325	81,725
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	180	65	115
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	6,860	1,120	5,740
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	131,015	55,145	75,875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	29,445	15,555	13,890
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	9,355	3,660	5,695
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	5,675	2,775	2,900
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	250	110	145
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	12,950	8,630	4,320
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	1,210	380	830
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	27,295	17,745	9,555
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	22,860	15,890	6,975
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	1,310	190	1,120
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	2,860	1,500	1,360
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	270	165	105
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	142,120	121,310	20,810
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	4,995	2,965	2,035
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	55,535	43,715	11,820
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	27,075	21,930	5,145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	25	0	30
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	23,775	23,030	740
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	20,840	20,170	670
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	9,870	9,495	375
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	11,140	5,910	5,235
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	6,095	3,445	2,655
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	5,045	2,465	2,580
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	81,825	17,260	64,565
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	7,170	3,490	3,675
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	72,210	12,515	59,695
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	2,445	1,255	1,190
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	24,220	12,045	12,180
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	15,360	4,790	10,570
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	95	80	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	110	100	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	3,860	2,720	1,135
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	4,800	4,350	450
Other	2,590	745	1,845	60	20	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	60	20	40
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	1,197,280	594,870	602,410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	479,130	241,280	237,845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	718,150	353,590	364,565
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	544,240	268,520	275,730
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	378,555	185,865	192,690
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	165,690	82,655	83,030
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	173,910	85,075	88,835
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	22,765	13,060	9,705
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	29,050	11,180	17,865
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	19,675	9,795	9,880
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	15,985	9,050	6,935
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	12,010	5,655	6,350
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	1,250	730	525
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	73,175	35,610	37,570
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	863,305	429,605	433,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	266,540	137,905	128,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	596,770	291,700	305,065
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	448,255	220,835	227,420
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	312,355	153,220	159,135
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	135,900	67,615	68,290
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	148,515	70,865	77,645
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	17,905	9,930	7,970
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	26,970	10,275	16,690
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	17,685	8,625	9,060
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	11,570	6,525	5,045
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	10,585	4,890	5,695
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	1,085	640	445
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	62,715	29,980	32,740
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,197,285	594,875	602,410
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	874,540	465,660	408,880
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	793,590	419,905	373,680
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	80,950	45,750	35,200
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	322,740	129,210	193,530
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	73.0	78.3	67.9
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	66.3	70.6	62.0
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	9.3	9.8	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	1,197,285	594,870	602,410
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	292,620	115,250	177,370
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	904,665	479,625	425,035
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	452,730	262,185	190,550
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	451,930	217,435	234,490
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.6	43.3	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	874,545	465,660	408,880
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	17,265	7,915	9,355
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	857,275	457,750	399,525
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	753,935	392,560	361,370
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	103,340	65,190	38,150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	874,540	465,660	408,880
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	17,265	7,910	9,350
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	857,275	457,750	399,530
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	99,450	64,225	35,220
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	149,680	45,785	103,895
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	90,625	70,655	19,970
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	55,610	11,155	44,455
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	86,445	27,750	58,690
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	22,275	9,260	13,015
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	191,845	84,250	107,595
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	125,410	116,860	8,545
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	15,440	12,390	3,050
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	20,510	15,420	5,090
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	874,545	465,660	408,880
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	17,265	7,915	9,350
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	857,280	457,750	399,530
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	8,065	5,010	3,055
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	54,130	34,895	19,240
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	9,365	6,020	3,345
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	82,095	70,690	11,410
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	45,025	33,365	11,655
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	31,060	21,295	9,765
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	93,930	45,345	48,590
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	48,645	34,010	14,640
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	16,540	9,775	6,760
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	30,670	13,105	17,570
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	17,275	9,695	7,580
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	87,985	51,080	36,905
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	3,940	2,075	1,860
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	36,185	20,850	15,345
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	53,395	16,445	36,950
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	91,075	16,330	74,750
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	19,615	9,490	10,125
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	58,315	24,560	33,755
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	36,995	15,545	21,455
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	32,975	18,185	14,790
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	793,590	419,910	373,680
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	59,950	28,200	31,755
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	3,425	2,625	795
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	111,410	83,740	27,675
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	618,800	305,340	313,455
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	618,800	305,345	313,455
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	517,700	248,285	269,415
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	85,290	46,075	39,215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	12,065	8,650	3,415
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	3,745	2,335	1,415
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	730,215	389,085	341,130
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	538,535	301,220	237,315
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	36,825	13,005	23,820
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	99,260	44,485	54,780
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	33,950	16,060	17,890
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	10,505	7,355	3,150
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	11,135	6,965	4,170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	730,215	389,085	341,130
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	136,275	61,575	74,700
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	288,215	153,450	134,765
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	193,110	110,650	82,460
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	65,965	36,565	29,405
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	46,650	26,845	19,805
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	730,215	389,085	341,130
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	51,280	36,110	15,170
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	152,390	93,335	59,055
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	212,765	110,115	102,645
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	128,640	59,460	69,185
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	78,365	33,700	44,665
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	106,780	56,365	50,415
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	929,715	491,055	438,665
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	919,430	486,155	433,275
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	909,380	480,955	428,430
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	907,140	480,310	426,830
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	2,240	645	1,595
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	10,040	5,195	4,850
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	50	30	20
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	45	25	25
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	45	25	20
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	9,995	5,170	4,825
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	340	205	135
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	10	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	10	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	335	205	135
Amharic	200	95	100	45	35	15
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	240	155	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	30	10	15
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	15	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	835	305	525
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	835	310	525
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	350	155	190
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	320	150	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	15	10	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	3,260	1,805	1,455
Albanian	350	220	125	25	15	10
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	325	155	165
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	320	155	170
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	15	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	10	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	15	10	10
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	100	70	30
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	160	65	95
Serbian	530	320	210	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	25	0	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	130	75	50
Afrikaans	85	40	40	15	10	10
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	100	60	35
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	10
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	1,895	1,130	770
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	1,755	1,045	710
Bengali	530	275	245	15	10	10
Gujarati	880	300	585	15	10	10
Hindi	1,405	755	650	105	55	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	30	20	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	1,470	910	555
Sindhi	35	10	30	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	10	10	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	105	40	65
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	130	85	50
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	120	65	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	880	420	455
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	10	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	95	45	45
Romanian	745	365	380	50	35	15
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	730	335	390
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	90	30	60
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	490	210	285
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	25	10	25
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	25	0	20
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	60	20	40
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	30	0	25
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	30	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	4,405	2,350	2,055
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	4,375	2,330	2,045
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	2,845	1,465	1,375
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	1,385	780	605
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	125	75	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	35	20	15
Burmese	75	35	35	15	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	15	10	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	25	10	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	25	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	20	10	10
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	55	35	20
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	55	35	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	10	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	10,295	4,905	5,390
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	1,770	690	1,080
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	8,350	4,130	4,220
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	145	70	75
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	929,720	491,050	438,665
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	889,700	470,855	418,850
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	5,470	2,525	2,950
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	8,545	3,855	4,695
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	25,305	13,475	11,835
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	140	50	90
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	25,170	13,420	11,750
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	20	10	15
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	115	55	60
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	555	290	270
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	1,460,035	729,620	730,415
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	1,232,685	615,060	617,625
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	227,350	114,560	112,795
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	158,390	80,540	77,845
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	68,960	34,015	34,945
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	46,830	23,065	23,770
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	29,780	14,835	14,950
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	17,050	8,225	8,825
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	22,130	10,955	11,175
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	1,383,920	690,395	693,525
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	747,715	371,835	375,880
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	636,210	318,560	317,645
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	370,660	187,130	183,525
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	265,550	131,430	134,115
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	171,965	85,775	86,190
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	88,185	44,040	44,145
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	83,785	41,740	42,045
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	93,580	45,650	47,925