Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Division No. 8, CDR Alberta [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	209,395	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	189,243	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	10.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	88,994	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	80,649	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	21.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	9,939.43	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	209,395	104,790	104,605
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	41,065	21,150	19,915
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	13,855	7,160	6,690
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	14,300	7,390	6,910
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	12,915	6,600	6,310
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	141,550	71,260	70,295
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	12,880	6,630	6,250
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	13,120	6,645	6,470
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	15,470	7,915	7,550
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	16,730	8,510	8,220
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	14,855	7,575	7,280
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	13,655	7,020	6,635
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	13,065	6,470	6,595
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	14,635	7,070	7,565
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	14,840	7,325	7,515
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	12,310	6,095	6,210
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	26,775	12,380	14,395
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	9,260	4,575	4,690
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	6,250	3,040	3,215
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	4,610	2,080	2,530
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	3,250	1,480	1,775
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	3,415	1,215	2,195
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	2,260	905	1,355
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	900	250	650
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	215	55	165
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	35	5	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	19.6	20.2	19.0
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	67.6	68.0	67.2
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	12.8	11.8	13.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.6	1.2	2.1
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	38.0	37.2	38.7
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	36.8	36.0	37.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	80,650	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	51,550	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	605	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	23,660	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	4,815	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	6,080	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	2,130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	10,520	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	4,835	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	80,645	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	19,415	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	29,600	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	12,520	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	11,500	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	7,615	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	204,550	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	168,330	83,640	84,690
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	100,620	50,385	50,235
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	82,395	41,290	41,105
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	18,225	9,095	9,130
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	67,710	33,255	34,455
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	43,620	24,685	18,935
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	4,580	1,975	2,610
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	11,565	4,850	6,715
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	7,940	1,745	6,195
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	58,170	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	29,895	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	11,740	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	10,855	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	5,685	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	58,170	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	49,215	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	40,100	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	9,115	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	8,955	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	6,950	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	2,010	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	49,215	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	24,590	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	24,620	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	9,185	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	10,065	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	5,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	8,955	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	5,300	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	2,555	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	35,420	18,625	16,795
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	80,650	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	55,350	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	23,570	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	31,780	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,385	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	23,915	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	19,415	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	4,500	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	206,260	103,215	103,045
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	195,630	98,370	97,255
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	105	45	60
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	9,495	4,305	5,190
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	1,030	495	535
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	206,260	103,220	103,045
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	202,695	101,420	101,270
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	2,290	1,185	1,110
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	285	135	145
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	995	480	520
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	2,435	1,250	1,180
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.2	1.2	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	206,260	103,215	103,045
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	203,635	101,930	101,705
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	183,060	91,845	91,210
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	180,560	90,565	89,990
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	2,500	1,280	1,220
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	20,575	10,085	10,495
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	1,020	485	535
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	975	470	510
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	5	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	950	460	495
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	75	35	35
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	5	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	5	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	15	5	10
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	865	415	450
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	20	10	15
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	25	10	15
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	10	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	10	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	5	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	5	5
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	5	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	5	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	5	0	5
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	15	5	10
Dakota	1,215	570	635	15	5	5
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	5	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	5	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	5
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	19,560	9,600	9,960
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	760	430	335
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	5	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	80	45	35
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	10	10	5
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	65	35	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	680	385	295
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	30	10	15
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	595	340	250
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	5	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	10	5	5
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	55	25	30
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	340	165	175
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	65	30	35
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	270	135	140
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	5,390	2,440	2,950
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	30	15	10
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	155	60	95
Fijian	745	400	345	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	50	20	35
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	285	125	160
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	25	5	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	45	25	20
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	25	10	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	4,715	2,140	2,575
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	20	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	30	15	15
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	45	25	25
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	25	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	10	10	5
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	190	105	80
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	5	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	80	45	35
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	65	35	30
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	30	20	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	10,625	5,390	5,245
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	10	5	0
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	50	30	20
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	2,060	1,005	1,055
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	35	20	15
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	20	15	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	15	5	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	2,025	980	1,045
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	75	35	40
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	30	10	15
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	60	20	40
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	70	35	35
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	265	135	135
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	515	230	285
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	70	40	30
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	20	5	10
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	0	5	0
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	880	450	425
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	5	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	35	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	10	5	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	15	15	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	5	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	4,370	2,205	2,165
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	205	100	110
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	155	75	80
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	1,590	830	765
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	55	30	25
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	2,270	1,130	1,135
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	5	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	40	15	25
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	35	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	10	5	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	5	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	80	40	35
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	1,520	805	715
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	1,125	600	520
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	50	30	25
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	110	55	55
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	245	135	110
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	5	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	0	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	45	20	25
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	285	145	140
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	15	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	65	40	30
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	305	170	135
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	380	195	190
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	0	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	90	40	50
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	290	150	140
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	2,510	1,280	1,230
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	115	50	65
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	100	60	40
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	150	75	75
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	2,140	1,090	1,050
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	55	15	40
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	5	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	5
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	430	225	205
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	265	135	130
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	40	20	15
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	10	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	5	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	5	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	30	10	20
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	10	5	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	15	5	10
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	40	20	20
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	5	5	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	25	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	85	40	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	35	20	15
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	30	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	10	0	10
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	40	25	20
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	30	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	965	450	510
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	935	435	500
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	515	250	265
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	5	5	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	320	135	175
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	70	35	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	25	10	15
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	5	0	5
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	20	5	10
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	130	45	85
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	55	25	30
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	80	25	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	35	15	15
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	10	10	5
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	15	10	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	10	0	10
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	225	105	120
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	15	5	15
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	65	20	40
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	150	80	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	25	20	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	2,625	1,285	1,340
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	420	210	205
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	2,125	1,025	1,095
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	45	30	15
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	35	20	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	206,260	103,215	103,045
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	201,045	100,705	100,340
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	191,585	95,900	95,685
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	190,905	95,565	95,340
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	685	335	345
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	9,460	4,805	4,660
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	350	155	195
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	345	150	190
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	345	155	190
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	10	5	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	330	150	180
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	5	5	5
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	5	0	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	9,110	4,645	4,460
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	540	290	250
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	50	30	20
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	10	5	10
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	40	25	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	490	260	225
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	15	5	10
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	430	235	190
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	45	20	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	205	100	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	35	15	20
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	170	85	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	2,655	1,305	1,350
Bikol	290	140	155	5	0	5
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	45	20	25
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	10	5	10
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	105	45	55
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	15	10	10
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	2,465	1,215	1,250
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	10	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	5	0	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	25	15	10
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	15	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	105	50	50
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	5
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	60	35	30
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	30	15	15
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	10	5	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	4,355	2,265	2,090
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	5	5	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	30	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	900	470	430
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	10	5	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	5	5	5
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	5	0	5
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	890	465	420
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	30	15	15
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	15	5	10
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	20	10	10
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	20	10	15
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	5	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	70	35	35
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	270	135	135
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	5	5	5
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	425	235	190
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	0	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	1,105	575	535
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	105	50	60
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	280	155	130
Frisian	185	95	90	15	10	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	695	360	335
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	5	5	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	910	470	440
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	660	350	310
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	35	20	20
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	65	35	30
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	115	70	50
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	15	5	10
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	190	100	90
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	40	20	20
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	195	105	90
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	245	120	125
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	45	20	20
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	205	100	105
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	1,385	720	665
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	20	5	10
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	35	20	15
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	65	35	35
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	1,265	665	605
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	335	175	160
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	20	10	10
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	15	10	10
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	5	0	5
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	15	10	5
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	15	10	5
Dinka	1,130	580	550	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	10	0	5
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	50	30	20
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	40	25	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	590	285	300
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	565	270	290
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	310	145	160
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	205	100	110
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	25	15	10
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	5	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	15	10	10
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	70	35	40
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	40	15	20
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	35	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	25	10	10
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	10	5	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	15	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	45	25	20
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	5	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	40	25	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	5	5	5
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	5,215	2,510	2,700
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	250	120	125
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	4,885	2,360	2,525
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	75	35	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	206,260	103,215	103,045
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	193,100	96,795	96,305
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	4,710	2,410	2,300
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	1,635	755	875
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	6,625	3,150	3,470
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	840	415	420
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	5,780	2,735	3,050
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	15	10	10
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	100	50	50
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	80	40	40
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	163,655	81,455	82,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	156,870	78,130	78,735
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	40,754	54,779	31,047
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	156,910	78,145	78,765
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	36,529	46,918	28,694
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	145,705	74,515	71,185
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	39,886	54,010	29,206
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	93,140	36,585	56,555
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	5,231	6,027	4,931
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	125,545	65,695	59,850
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	39,171	53,202	29,313
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	163,660	81,455	82,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	156,945	78,040	78,900
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	59,077	77,372	40,983
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	156,970	78,050	78,920
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	48,135	61,231	35,183
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	145,745	74,440	71,295
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	58,695	77,113	39,463
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	93,670	36,880	56,795
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,662	8,070	7,396
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	125,545	65,640	59,905
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	53,677	69,297	36,564
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	163,660	81,450	82,205
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	54,910	31,690	23,215
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	58,654	70,239	47,961
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	71,065	83,426	54,190
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	92.1	94.9	86.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	72.8	75.5	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	7.9	5.1	13.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	163,660	81,455	82,200
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	6,785	3,320	3,470
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	156,870	78,130	78,735
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.9	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	19,715	6,915	12,795
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	20,095	7,220	12,875
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	20,170	7,610	12,560
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	17,215	7,085	10,130
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	15,305	7,010	8,295
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	12,915	6,570	6,340
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	10,490	6,035	4,450
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	8,455	5,445	3,010
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	6,715	4,480	2,240
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	5,705	3,760	1,940
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	20,080	15,980	4,100
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	13,070	10,060	3,015
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	7,010	5,925	1,085
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	163,655	81,450	82,205
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	6,750	3,305	3,440
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	156,910	78,145	78,765
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.9	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	20,225	7,085	13,135
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	21,050	7,580	13,470
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	23,500	8,990	14,510
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	20,835	9,065	11,770
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	18,090	9,005	9,080
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	14,320	8,230	6,090
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	10,580	6,940	3,650
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	8,010	5,400	2,605
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	20,300	15,845	4,450
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	5,950	4,175	1,775
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	3,900	3,030	870
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	10,445	8,640	1,805
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	163,655	81,450	82,200
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	38,110	15,755	22,355
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	125,545	65,695	59,850
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	76.7	80.7	72.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	14,885	6,355	8,530
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	8,905	3,580	5,320
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	14,575	5,710	8,870
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	12,665	4,975	7,690
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	12,735	5,275	7,460
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	11,480	5,355	6,125
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	9,805	5,030	4,780
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	8,010	4,820	3,190
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	6,605	4,410	2,200
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	25,880	20,195	5,680
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	5,425	3,765	1,660
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	4,775	3,230	1,550
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	15,680	13,200	2,475
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	80,650	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	87,260	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	75,297	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	19,415	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	42,521	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	37,528	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	61,235	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	104,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	88,940	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	80,650	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	114,966	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	93,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	19,445	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	60,296	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	49,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	61,200	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	132,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	107,795	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	80,650	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	1,070	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	745	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	905	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	2,040	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	3,155	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	2,325	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	2,525	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	2,800	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	2,745	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	2,645	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	5,495	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	5,210	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	5,095	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	4,860	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	4,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	34,455	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	9,940	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	7,600	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	9,085	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	7,825	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	80,650	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	1,170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	760	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	950	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	2,140	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	3,410	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,675	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,915	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	3,285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	3,435	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	3,255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	6,640	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	6,375	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	6,240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	5,860	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	5,170	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	26,365	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	10,285	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	6,480	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	9,600	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	57,815	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	102,559	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	87,588	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	23,160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	94,756	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	81,296	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	24,790	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	126,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	106,442	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	8,235	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	55,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	51,194	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	57,835	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	131,631	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	106,983	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	23,175	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	127,478	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	102,114	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	24,805	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	155,963	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	126,789	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	8,255	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	74,075	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	63,618	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	30,770	16,300	14,465
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	39,283	46,065	33,629
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	34,992	39,767	30,766
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	30,640	16,055	14,585
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	54,146	64,440	42,815
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	44,663	51,832	36,772
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	204,550	102,505	102,040
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	85,335	40,715	44,620
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	15,780	7,545	8,230
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	15,435	6,955	8,480
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	16,920	7,980	8,940
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	17,825	8,610	9,215
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	19,370	9,620	9,750
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	119,215	61,795	57,420
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	20,330	10,250	10,080
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	21,375	10,935	10,440
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	23,420	12,140	11,280
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	25,485	13,225	12,260
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	28,600	15,240	13,360
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	200,525	100,440	100,090
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	46,920	24,130	22,790
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	16,020	8,280	7,735
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	129,535	64,815	64,715
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	24,070	11,490	12,580
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	18,970	8,730	10,235
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	6,055	3,170	2,890
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	2,140	1,130	1,015
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	10,845	4,810	6,035
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	2,065	750	1,315
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	9.5	8.7	10.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	12.9	13.1	12.7
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	13.4	13.6	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	8.4	7.4	9.3
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	8.6	6.5	10.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	10,265	4,910	5,360
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	3,180	1,685	1,495
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	1,125	590	540
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	6,710	3,060	3,650
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	375	165	205
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	5.1	4.9	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	6.8	7.0	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	7.0	7.1	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	5.2	4.7	5.6
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.6	1.4	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	204,545	102,510	102,040
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	203,565	102,070	101,490
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	203,460	102,030	101,425
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	9,545	4,275	5,275
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	26,420	12,880	13,545
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	1,630	785	850
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	1,580	765	820
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	20	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	1,535	740	795
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	10	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	95	30	65
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	10	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	1,430	705	725
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	30	20	15
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	30	20	10
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	30	15	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	25	15	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	10	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	10	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	15	0	10
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	10
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	30	20	10
Dakota	1,760	870	890	20	15	10
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	10	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	24,805	12,105	12,705
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,005	535	470
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	15	10	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	110	50	60
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	10
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	105	50	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	885	485	400
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	35	10	20
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	810	440	360
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	25	20	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	60	35	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	365	145	215
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	150	50	100
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	225	105	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	7,130	3,270	3,860
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	15	0	10
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	215	80	140
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	10	10	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	385	150	235
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	75	50	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	100	45	55
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	20	15	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	6,895	3,145	3,750
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	15	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	25	0	20
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	75	40	40
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	50	20	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	20	15	10
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	245	130	110
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	15	10	10
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	105	55	50
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	115	60	55
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	40	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	13,100	6,570	6,535
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	0	0	0
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	2,275	1,120	1,150
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	35	20	20
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	25	15	15
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	10	0	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	2,240	1,105	1,135
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	10	10	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	75	35	45
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	15	15	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	155	60	90
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	40	15	25
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	0	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	310	135	170
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	950	500	445
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	130	55	70
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	30	0	20
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	0	0	10
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	960	515	450
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	25	10	15
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	10	0	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	25	20	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	10	0	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	4,790	2,430	2,355
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	375	180	195
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	190	80	110
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	1,700	875	825
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	60	45	15
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	2,515	1,320	1,200
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	40	0	35
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	70	25	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	30	15	15
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	10
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	110	55	60
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	1,780	970	815
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	1,380	750	630
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	110	55	60
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	95	45	50
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	560	315	245
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	10	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	15	10	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	15	10	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	455	250	210
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	125	75	55
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	320	190	135
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	405	225	185
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	65	35	35
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	360	195	160
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	4,425	2,130	2,295
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	280	140	135
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	185	80	105
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	240	125	115
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	3,820	1,850	1,975
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	10	0	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	200	100	95
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	450	225	225
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	545	275	275
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	110	45	65
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	20	10	10
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	140	70	75
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	10	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	10	10	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	15	10	10
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	100	55	45
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	65	35	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	125	70	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	65	35	25
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	60	35	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	320	145	175
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	135	60	80
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	190	85	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	1,200	585	620
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	1,170	565	600
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	710	345	365
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	15	10	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	475	210	260
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	65	40	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	35	15	20
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	10	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	20	10	10
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	180	75	110
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	60	30	30
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	120	40	80
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	10	10	0
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	15	15	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	245	130	120
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	25	10	20
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	60	30	30
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	165	95	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	95	55	40
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	204,550	102,510	102,040
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	192,950	96,860	96,085
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	46,510	23,965	22,550
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	146,440	72,900	73,540
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	11,595	5,645	5,955
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	204,545	102,510	102,040
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	180,735	90,895	89,845
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	21,800	10,620	11,185
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	4,485	2,140	2,345
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	1,830	885	945
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	2,730	1,310	1,420
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	6,160	2,995	3,160
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	2,205	1,100	1,105
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	3,955	1,900	2,055
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	6,605	3,285	3,320
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	2,010	995	1,010
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	21,800	10,615	11,185
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	2,125	1,040	1,085
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	4,580	2,435	2,145
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	4,140	1,965	2,170
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	9,445	4,425	5,025
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	1,505	755	755
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	21,800	10,615	11,185
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	3,525	1,595	1,930
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	40	10	30
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	360	170	195
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	650	345	305
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	65	30	35
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	65	20	40
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	60	30	30
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	210	85	125
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	45	15	25
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	60	15	45
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	1,375	540	840
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	590	330	260
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	6,875	3,425	3,450
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	95	30	70
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	65	25	35
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	40	20	20
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	710	345	365
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	75	40	35
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	75	40	30
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	90	65	25
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	85	40	50
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	1,380	735	650
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	205	100	105
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	60	35	25
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	215	120	95
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	235	95	135
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	35	25	10
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	470	270	200
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	2,305	1,085	1,215
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	745	355	385
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	1,515	825	695
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	30	15	15
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	70	45	25
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	40	15	20
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	35	20	15
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	20	15	10
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	210	115	95
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	70	45	25
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	370	180	185
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	675	370	305
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	9,645	4,655	4,990
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	180	105	75
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	65	40	30
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	525	245	275
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	150	75	75
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	695	405	290
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	75	35	35
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	15	0	10
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	35	0	40
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	315	155	155
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	85	45	40
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	285	165	125
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	5,990	2,785	3,205
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	120	75	50
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	185	90	95
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	10	0	0
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	280	135	145
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	645	305	340
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	240	115	125
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	6,600	3,285	3,320
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	600	290	315
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	15	0	10
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	60	30	35
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	10	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	15	10	10
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	100	45	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	140	65	75
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	250	130	115
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	840	485	355
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	35	20	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	25	15	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	20	10	15
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	55	25	30
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	35	15	25
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	355	205	145
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	175	115	60
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	135	80	55
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	425	210	215
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	10	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	55	20	30
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	20	20	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	20	0	10
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	20	10	10
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	10	10	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	110	60	55
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	75	30	40
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	90	40	50
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	4,690	2,265	2,420
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	70	30	45
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	10	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	90	30	60
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	10
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	290	180	105
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	10	0	10
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	80	45	35
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	10	0	10
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	15	10	10
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	50	25	20
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	3,620	1,740	1,880
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	15	0	15
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	50	25	25
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	180	85	95
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	180	95	90
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	45	40	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	10	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	35	30	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	204,550	102,505	102,040
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	24,730	12,065	12,670
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	29,580	14,550	15,030
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	150,235	75,895	74,340
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	17,555	8,585	8,970
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	11,240	5,680	5,555
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	4,340	2,670	1,675
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	6,900	3,015	3,880
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	4,115	1,690	2,425
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	2,060	1,130	930
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	135	75	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	204,550	102,505	102,040
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	14,695	7,210	7,485
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	14,435	7,080	7,355
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	8,130	4,030	4,095
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	6,185	2,970	3,215
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	120	75	45
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	155	95	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	110	40	70
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	189,850	95,295	94,555
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	204,545	102,510	102,040
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	7,165	3,500	3,665
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	197,380	99,005	98,375
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	204,550	102,505	102,040
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	5,995	3,065	2,930
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	5,915	3,025	2,895
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	5,125	2,630	2,500
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	750	380	375
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	35	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	75	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	70	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	12,455	5,925	6,525
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	11,995	5,700	6,295
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	6,680	3,095	3,585
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	5,200	2,550	2,650
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	115	60	60
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	455	225	235
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	425	200	215
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	15	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	186,105	93,520	92,580
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	204,550	102,510	102,040
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	19,170	9,335	9,830
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	2,080	1,120	955
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	1,680	825	855
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	2,455	1,205	1,255
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	7,800	3,635	4,160
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	2,070	1,075	995
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	510	265	245
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	795	340	460
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	445	230	215
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	470	235	235
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	265	130	140
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	130	75	60
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	460	200	255
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	185,380	93,170	92,205
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	204,545	102,505	102,040
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	18,445	8,985	9,455
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	12,320	5,970	6,345
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	195	100	95
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	6,465	3,180	3,285
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	60,605	30,890	29,715
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	185	95	85
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	4,425	2,140	2,285
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	57,530	29,355	28,175
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	130	65	65
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	20	0	20
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	40	15	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	151,275	75,120	76,155
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	99,340	48,575	50,760
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	10
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	57,640	27,780	29,865
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	35,840	16,920	18,925
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	35	10	25
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	44,625	21,945	22,685
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	5,440	2,555	2,880
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	4,500	2,090	2,415
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	21,835	10,620	11,220
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	21,835	10,620	11,220
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	59,405	29,065	30,340
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,660	850	805
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	10
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	1,135	565	570
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	14,200	7,085	7,115
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	185	95	95
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	30	25	10
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	45,710	22,180	23,535
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	10
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	1,715	760	950
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	90	35	50
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	25,175	11,920	13,250
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	4,990	2,395	2,590
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	1,470	750	720
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	1,700	835	865
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	12,175	5,570	6,600
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	7,100	3,395	3,700
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	1,005	520	485
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	33,360	16,370	16,985
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	70	40	25
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	75	40	30
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	955	450	505
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	705	325	380
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	270	130	140
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	3,245	1,570	1,680
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	150	75	80
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	175	80	90
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	55	15	40
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	8,025	3,870	4,150
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	1,580	790	790
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	6,080	2,975	3,105
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	260	115	145
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	17,080	8,485	8,595
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	75	50	30
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	7,600	3,620	3,980
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	20	15	10
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	90	30	60
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	340	145	195
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	10	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	525	280	245
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	3,935	1,880	2,050
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	10	0	10
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	70	40	35
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	550	245	310
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	160	75	85
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	20	15	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	70	30	40
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	1,870	900	970
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	215	100	115
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	1,075	645	435
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	15	15	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	265	130	135
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	55	20	35
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	40	15	30
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	695	460	235
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	830	415	415
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	95	60	35
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	0	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	55	30	20
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	65	40	25
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	120	70	55
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	325	130	200
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	20	10	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	25	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	85	55	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	30	10	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	50	30	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	2,650	1,325	1,325
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	85	50	35
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	40	10	35
Belizean	1,755	915	845	10	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	15	10	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	55	15	40
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	140	75	65
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	485	230	260
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	35	15	15
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	20	10	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	110	70	40
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	70	25	40
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	90	50	40
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	55	25	35
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	20	10	10
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	595	255	335
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	60	45	20
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	15	10	10
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	55	30	25
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	670	360	315
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	25	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	145	85	55
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	2,630	1,315	1,315
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	675	345	335
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	10	0	10
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	105	55	55
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	30	25	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	120	60	60
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	10	10	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	105	50	55
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	10	10	10
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	275	145	135
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	25	10	10
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	25	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	35	20	15
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	435	235	200
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	45	25	20
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	35	25	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	10	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	50	25	20
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	110	50	55
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	30	15	20
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	10	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	30	20	10
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	150	75	75
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	10	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	830	400	435
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	20	15	10
Amhara	1,530	815	715	10	10	10
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	20	15	10
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	45	15	30
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	40	20	25
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	25	15	10
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	20	15	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	10	10	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	115	55	65
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	405	180	225
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	30	15	15
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	40	30	10
Zulu	945	475	475	15	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	80	35	45
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	730	355	365
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	85	45	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	645	315	330
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	15,265	7,375	7,890
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,330	695	630
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	335	165	165
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	130	55	75
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	15	10	10
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	10	0	10
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	20	15	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	130	65	65
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	0	0	0
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	30	25	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	10	10	10
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	30	10	15
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	15	10	10
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	250	135	110
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	50	30	20
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	215	110	100
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	75	50	30
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	15	10	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	35	10	20
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	2,140	1,135	1,000
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	55	30	25
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	1,550	820	730
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	10	0	10
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	240	125	115
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	125	55	70
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	10	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	135	80	55
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	70	50	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	11,770	5,545	6,225
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	175	65	105
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	2,485	1,155	1,325
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	8,150	3,805	4,340
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	85	50	40
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	395	180	215
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	25	15	10
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	480	240	240
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	70	45	25
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	20	10	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	20	15	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	15	10	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	0	0	10
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	160	70	85
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	365	150	215
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	95	35	60
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	95	35	60
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	600	275	330
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	310	155	160
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	185	75	115
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	120	55	65
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	45	20	30
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	10	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	30	10	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	25	15	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	80,650	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	58,350	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	21,400	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	80,645	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	7,805	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	72,850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	80,645	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	235	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	5,665	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	16,705	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	26,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	31,535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	80,650	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	15,550	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	12,545	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	11,640	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	11,370	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	29,555	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	80,650	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	79,605	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	80,650	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	78,145	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	2,505	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	80,650	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	8,595	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	20,425	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	10,760	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	12,260	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	9,655	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	10,780	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	8,180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	80,650	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	75,865	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	4,790	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	80,650	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	47,035	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	31,580	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	2,035	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	80,650	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	3,335	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	14,805	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	15,240	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	15,690	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	15,795	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	9,300	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	5,060	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,425	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	76,585	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	61,020	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	15,565	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	13,655	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	55,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	65.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	14.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,420	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,416	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	348,201	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	385,305	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	21,295	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	9.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,152	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,181	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	163,660	81,455	82,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	31,520	17,215	14,305
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	50,380	24,830	25,550
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	81,755	39,405	42,355
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	20,965	16,450	4,515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	5,620	3,270	2,350
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	15,345	13,175	2,165
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	34,655	12,470	22,185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	4,345	1,500	2,840
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	21,795	8,985	12,810
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	16,300	6,130	10,170
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,195	560	630
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	815	565	250
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	3,115	1,520	1,600
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	370	210	160
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	113,640	56,475	57,165
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	14,815	8,485	6,330
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	33,325	16,650	16,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	65,500	31,345	34,160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	16,375	13,080	3,295
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	4,100	2,475	1,625
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	12,275	10,605	1,675
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	27,810	9,875	17,935
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	3,250	1,250	1,995
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	18,070	7,140	10,925
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	13,555	4,990	8,565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	965	415	550
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	690	455	235
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	2,630	1,160	1,470
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	235	120	115
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	163,655	81,455	82,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	81,900	42,050	39,850
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	6,560	1,510	5,050
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	6,560	1,510	5,045
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,740	745	1,000
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	305	220	90
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,435	525	905
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	2,300	1,020	1,275
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	135	25	105
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	420	105	315
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	475	155	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	205	115	85
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	820	475	350
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	210	130	80
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	35	20	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	5,595	1,350	4,235
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	85	10	80
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	490	210	280
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	1,665	80	1,590
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	1,155	240	915
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	90	25	70
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	925	220	705
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	1,175	575	600
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	14,710	3,975	10,735
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	45	0	45
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	1,285	225	1,060
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	13,385	3,750	9,635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	1,600	790	805
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	520	210	305
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	380	185	195
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	335	195	140
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	345	200	150
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	1,600	840	760
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,330	760	565
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	130	0	130
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	145	70	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	23,170	21,670	1,500
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	305	165	140
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	2,025	1,680	350
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	3,945	3,545	400
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	6,240	6,060	180
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	7,185	6,895	290
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	3,475	3,335	145
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	3,365	2,225	1,140
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	2,695	1,800	895
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	675	425	250
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	15,235	2,700	12,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	945	400	545
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	14,135	2,180	11,955
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	155	115	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	5,880	2,575	3,305
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	3,700	725	2,980
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	875	600	270
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	1,270	1,220	50
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	113,640	56,475	57,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	48,135	25,130	23,005
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	4,735	960	3,775
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	4,735	965	3,770
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,315	505	815
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	220	145	75
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,095	360	730
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,765	765	1,000
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	120	20	100
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	325	80	245
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	340	120	225
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	140	75	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	675	370	310
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	155	95	60
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	15	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	4,685	1,035	3,650
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	80	0	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	435	185	250
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	1,410	50	1,360
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	970	160	810
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	80	25	55
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	725	125	595
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	985	480	505
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	12,115	3,285	8,835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	25	0	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	1,075	170	905
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	11,020	3,105	7,905
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	1,295	620	680
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	395	155	240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	320	155	160
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	15	10	15
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	275	140	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	295	170	125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	1,420	740	680
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,210	705	510
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	120	10	115
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	90	35	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	18,770	17,430	1,345
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	250	125	130
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	1,775	1,450	320
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	3,235	2,885	355
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	5,100	4,945	150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	5,620	5,350	265
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	2,795	2,665	125
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	2,705	1,680	1,020
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	2,140	1,340	805
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	565	345	220
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	11,980	2,155	9,825
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	740	295	440
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	11,115	1,775	9,345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	120	85	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	4,705	2,170	2,540
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	2,825	580	2,250
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	740	490	245
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	1,120	1,080	35
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	163,655	81,450	82,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	81,900	42,050	39,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	81,760	39,405	42,350
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	72,035	34,695	37,345
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	56,795	27,300	29,495
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	15,245	7,395	7,850
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	9,715	4,710	5,010
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,740	980	760
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	3,210	1,220	1,990
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	385	225	160
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	790	415	370
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	125	65	65
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	40	25	15
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	3,430	1,775	1,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	113,640	56,470	57,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	48,135	25,130	23,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	65,500	31,345	34,160
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	57,160	27,450	29,715
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	45,140	21,640	23,505
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	12,020	5,810	6,210
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	8,340	3,895	4,445
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	1,280	675	600
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	3,045	1,160	1,885
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	355	205	145
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	490	255	240
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	115	60	55
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	35	20	10
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	3,025	1,520	1,500
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	163,655	81,455	82,205
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	116,740	62,660	54,085
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	104,450	54,560	49,890
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	12,295	8,100	4,195
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	46,915	18,790	28,120
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	71.3	76.9	65.8
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	63.8	67.0	60.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	10.5	12.9	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	163,655	81,450	82,200
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	40,745	15,970	24,775
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	122,915	65,480	57,430
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	57,305	33,325	23,975
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	65,610	32,155	33,455
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	41.8	42.2	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	116,740	62,655	54,080
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,985	955	1,025
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	114,760	61,700	53,060
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	98,380	51,570	46,810
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	16,375	10,130	6,245
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	116,740	62,655	54,080
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,980	955	1,025
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	114,760	61,700	53,060
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	13,105	8,310	4,790
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	15,540	3,190	12,350
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	5,420	4,220	1,195
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	8,450	1,495	6,955
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	10,730	2,945	7,785
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	2,060	720	1,335
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	24,220	9,345	14,885
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	23,265	21,480	1,790
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	7,045	5,960	1,080
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	4,930	4,040	890
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	116,740	62,660	54,085
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,980	955	1,025
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	114,760	61,700	53,060
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	5,965	3,870	2,100
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	9,625	8,305	1,315
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	585	480	105
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	12,685	10,720	1,965
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	7,550	5,695	1,855
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	3,630	2,765	860
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	13,510	5,870	7,635
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	4,190	3,115	1,075
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,020	515	500
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	2,850	815	2,035
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	1,930	985	940
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	5,530	2,905	2,635
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	85	35	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	3,625	2,035	1,590
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	6,545	1,530	5,010
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	13,650	2,115	11,530
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,955	985	970
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	7,970	2,905	5,060
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	6,320	3,315	3,005
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	5,540	2,730	2,810
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	104,450	54,560	49,890
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	9,295	4,335	4,965
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	315	260	55
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	16,445	12,985	3,465
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	78,390	36,980	41,410
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	78,390	36,980	41,410
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	43,905	18,605	25,300
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	29,190	14,855	14,340
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	4,940	3,315	1,625
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	360	210	145
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	94,835	49,965	44,870
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	81,790	43,625	38,160
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	4,710	2,250	2,465
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	2,495	1,105	1,390
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	3,620	1,455	2,160
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	685	485	200
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	1,530	1,040	495
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	94,835	49,965	44,870
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	36,075	16,300	19,775
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	36,580	19,080	17,500
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	13,380	7,945	5,435
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	3,460	2,205	1,260
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	5,340	4,435	905
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	94,840	49,965	44,870
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	7,135	5,290	1,850
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	18,055	12,385	5,670
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	29,740	16,020	13,730
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	17,530	6,620	10,905
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	8,410	3,035	5,380
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	13,955	6,615	7,340
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	126,400	67,080	59,315
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	125,900	66,830	59,070
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	125,445	66,585	58,860
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	125,170	66,510	58,660
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	275	75	200
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	455	250	205
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	30	10	20
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	30	10	20
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	25	10	15
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	25	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	10	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	430	235	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	40	15	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	35	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	220	110	110
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	10	10	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	65	30	30
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	20	10	10
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	45	20	30
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	10	10	10
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	10	10	10
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	140	65	75
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	135	65	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	15	10	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	95	60	40
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	95	60	35
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	75	50	25
Hakka	70	25	45	10	10	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	20	10	10
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	40	30	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	40	25	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	495	250	250
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	155	85	70
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	345	170	180
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	126,395	67,080	59,315
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	123,390	65,595	57,795
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	385	130	250
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	650	305	350
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	1,930	1,025	905
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	245	105	140
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	1,680	920	760
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	45	30	15
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	201,920	101,190	100,735
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	169,755	85,390	84,365
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	32,165	15,800	16,370
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	18,085	9,020	9,065
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	14,085	6,775	7,305
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	13,105	6,310	6,795
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	11,070	5,355	5,705
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	2,035	950	1,085
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	975	465	515
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	190,945	95,595	95,345
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	104,010	52,165	51,850
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	86,930	43,430	43,495
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	40,590	20,495	20,095
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	46,345	22,940	23,405
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	40,590	20,110	20,475
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	30,240	14,960	15,280
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	10,340	5,150	5,195
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	5,760	2,830	2,925