Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Division No. 11, Census division [Census division], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Division No. 11, CDR Alberta [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 11, Census division [Census division], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	1,366,050	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	1,203,115	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	13.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	557,547	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	518,951	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	86.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	15,783.77	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	1,366,050	683,115	682,935
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	252,495	129,220	123,280
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	88,120	44,940	43,185
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	86,950	44,430	42,525
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	77,420	39,850	37,570
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	943,905	476,800	467,105
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	78,455	40,330	38,120
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	94,885	48,415	46,470
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	111,665	56,775	54,890
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	115,125	58,120	57,005
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	103,060	52,200	50,865
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	92,130	46,730	45,400
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	88,240	44,410	43,825
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	94,085	47,015	47,070
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	90,880	45,480	45,405
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	75,385	37,325	38,060
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	169,650	77,100	92,550
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	58,230	28,390	29,840
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	39,180	18,605	20,580
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	28,675	13,160	15,515
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	21,480	9,195	12,285
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	22,080	7,745	14,335
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	13,825	5,405	8,420
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	6,355	1,920	4,440
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	1,640	385	1,255
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	260	40	220
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	18.5	18.9	18.1
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	69.1	69.8	68.4
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	12.4	11.3	13.6
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.6	1.1	2.1
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	37.9	37.1	38.6
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	36.4	35.8	37.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	299,770	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	26,885	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	183,350	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	31,785	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	43,405	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	10,885	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	97,085	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	200	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	8,945	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	127,555	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	175,305	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	84,850	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	79,285	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	51,955	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	1,340,930	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	1,113,555	553,900	559,655
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	649,290	325,890	323,395
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	542,825	272,610	270,210
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	106,465	53,280	53,185
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	464,265	228,005	236,255
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	321,000	178,475	142,525
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	26,255	11,420	14,840
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	67,930	28,120	39,815
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	49,075	9,995	39,080
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	373,545	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	180,085	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	81,010	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	76,925	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	35,525	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	373,545	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	315,405	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	262,190	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	53,210	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	58,140	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	44,985	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	13,160	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	315,400	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	144,805	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	170,600	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	64,935	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	72,230	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	33,435	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	58,140	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	35,280	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	16,075	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	6,785	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	238,645	125,155	113,485
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	518,950	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	348,115	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	134,890	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	213,220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	12,375	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	158,460	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	127,555	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	30,910	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	1,351,355	676,340	675,010
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	1,232,510	621,810	610,700
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	1,765	775	995
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	96,330	45,395	50,935
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	20,745	8,365	12,385
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,351,350	676,340	675,015
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	1,296,330	650,200	646,130
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	27,925	14,545	13,375
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	6,905	3,525	3,375
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	20,195	8,060	12,130
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	31,380	16,310	15,065
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	2.3	2.4	2.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	1,351,355	676,340	675,010
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	1,316,655	659,480	657,175
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	997,185	504,645	492,535
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	969,560	490,250	479,310
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	27,620	14,400	13,225
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	319,475	154,835	164,640
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	3,625	1,505	2,125
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	3,005	1,250	1,760
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	40	10	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	2,855	1,185	1,665
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	10	0	5
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	15	5	10
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	395	140	255
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	30	5	20
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	155	65	90
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	2,245	965	1,285
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	10	10	5
Malecite	305	140	160	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	105	45	65
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	5	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	100	40	60
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	240	80	155
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	230	80	150
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	5	5	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	5	5	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	5	5	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	155	50	100
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	20	5	10
Gwich'in	260	110	145	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	5	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	45	15	30
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	10	0	5
South Slavey	945	455	495	20	10	15
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	10	5	10
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	5	0	5
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	5	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	5
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	5	0	5
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	5
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	70	15	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	10	0	10
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	40	10	30
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	15	5	15
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	5	10	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	5	5	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	5	5	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	35	20	10
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	5	0	5
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	5	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	5	0	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	5
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	230	110	120
Dakota	1,215	570	635	75	25	45
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	155	80	75
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	5	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	25	20	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	315,850	153,330	162,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	31,360	16,390	14,970
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	130	70	60
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	75	40	35
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	55	30	25
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	7,905	3,975	3,935
Bilen	805	455	350	245	140	105
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	1,130	580	545
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	6,510	3,235	3,275
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	25	10	10
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	23,250	12,305	10,950
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	2,515	1,220	1,295
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	17,610	9,425	8,180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	75	40	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	40	20	15
Harari	1,320	635	685	165	85	80
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	410	220	185
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	25	15	15
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	2,330	1,220	1,110
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	85	50	35
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	65	45	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	9,655	4,455	5,200
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	760	360	405
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	8,880	4,095	4,790
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	5	5	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	43,375	18,855	24,520
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	120	55	65
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	2,005	835	1,170
Fijian	745	400	345	55	35	25
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	540	240	300
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	1,880	795	1,085
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	10	0	5
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	525	225	300
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	345	165	185
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	115	45	70
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	37,430	16,300	21,130
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	70	30	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	290	130	155
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	1,015	530	490
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	55	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	615	345	270
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	350	160	185
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	6,845	3,570	3,280
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	205	105	100
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	3,485	1,795	1,685
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	2,195	1,155	1,035
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	940	500	440
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	25	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	15	5	5
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	154,280	76,560	77,725
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	770	415	355
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	170	80	90
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	35,010	16,355	18,655
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	330	145	180
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	155	70	85
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	175	75	95
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	34,685	16,210	18,475
Belarusan	810	385	430	35	15	20
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	715	355	360
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	480	245	230
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	2,025	1,060	965
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	905	440	465
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	185	95	90
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	9,465	4,420	5,040
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	5,785	2,675	3,110
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	1,835	930	910
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	360	185	180
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	615	300	315
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	295	140	155
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	11,895	5,305	6,595
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	95	50	45
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	125	75	50
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	45	30	25
Welsh	1,075	495	575	40	20	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	40	25	15
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	22,200	10,635	11,565
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	620	320	300
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	770	380	385
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	4,305	2,080	2,225
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	105	55	40
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	15,700	7,465	8,230
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	35	15	20
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	225	110	120
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	300	135	165
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	80	35	45
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	55	30	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	10	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,080	590	495
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	64,165	32,955	31,210
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	57,540	29,480	28,060
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	2,340	1,230	1,110
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	5,770	2,990	2,780
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	8,425	4,240	4,185
Kashmiri	565	300	265	20	10	10
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	155	80	75
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	540	280	260
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	2,000	1,045	955
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	70	40	30
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	27,800	14,275	13,520
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	940	440	500
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	1,310	685	630
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	8,170	4,170	4,000
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	6,340	3,325	3,015
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	755	420	340
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	665	355	310
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	4,925	2,550	2,370
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	280	150	130
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	30,760	15,445	15,320
Catalan	865	440	425	25	15	15
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	4,920	2,440	2,480
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	4,640	2,270	2,370
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	2,550	1,275	1,275
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	18,605	9,440	9,170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	15	5	10
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	1,065	345	725
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	70	40	30
Georgian	1,715	910	805	65	40	30
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	6,375	3,030	3,345
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	85	35	50
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	80	35	45
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	7,370	3,725	3,650
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	895	465	430
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	15	10	10
Edo	1,670	770	900	140	70	70
Ewe	1,760	950	805	125	75	55
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	140	75	65
Ga	920	445	470	65	35	25
Ganda	1,295	625	665	210	105	105
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	310	165	140
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	160	80	85
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	400	195	205
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	610	300	305
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	565	280	290
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	1,250	605	640
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	135	85	50
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	705	390	310
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	1,640	775	870
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	745	380	365
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	340	175	165
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	410	210	205
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	405	195	210
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	185	85	95
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	220	110	110
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	47,970	22,650	25,320
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	47,265	22,275	24,990
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	22,735	10,620	12,120
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	625	290	330
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	19,935	9,465	10,465
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	70	25	40
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	1,265	580	685
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	235	120	120
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	2,375	1,165	1,210
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	25	5	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	705	375	330
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	145	80	65
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	435	235	200
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	20	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	100	50	55
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	1,020	380	640
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	385	195	195
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	625	185	440
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	15	5	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	2,080	1,165	915
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	120	75	45
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	1,740	970	775
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	60	35	30
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	110	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	50	20	25
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	1,890	890	1,000
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	45	20	30
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	235	95	140
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	1,605	775	830
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	235	135	100
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	34,695	16,865	17,835
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	3,965	1,940	2,030
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	28,865	13,995	14,875
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	1,235	615	625
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	625	315	310
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,351,350	676,340	675,015
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	1,278,695	640,905	637,790
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,103,440	554,795	548,645
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	1,092,365	549,120	543,245
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	11,070	5,675	5,395
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	175,255	86,110	89,145
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	690	320	375
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	605	280	325
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	570	265	310
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	5	0	5
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	15	10	5
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	60	30	30
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	15	10	10
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	480	220	255
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	25	10	10
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	25	15	10
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	25	5	15
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	25	5	15
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	5
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	15	5	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	5	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	10	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	5	0	5
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	5	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	45	15	25
Dakota	255	140	120	15	5	15
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	25	10	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	15	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	174,560	85,795	88,765
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	20,355	10,325	10,030
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	90	45	50
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	50	25	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	45	20	25
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	5,850	2,935	2,915
Bilen	620	330	285	210	125	90
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	890	450	435
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	4,740	2,355	2,390
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	10	5	10
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	14,390	7,340	7,050
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	1,700	805	890
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	10,615	5,460	5,155
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	40	15	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	20	10	5
Harari	735	335	400	115	55	55
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	190	100	95
Maltese	1,130	525	605	10	5	5
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	1,655	855	800
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	55	35	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	6,255	2,890	3,365
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	385	185	205
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	5,865	2,705	3,160
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	23,190	10,890	12,300
Bikol	290	140	155	15	10	5
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	825	400	425
Fijian	195	105	90	25	15	10
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	195	85	105
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	615	290	325
Malagasy	435	220	210	5	5	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	140	65	75
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	130	65	70
Pangasinan	240	110	135	25	10	15
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	21,110	9,895	11,210
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	10	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	85	40	45
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	565	285	280
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	40	20	20
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	380	200	180
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	150	70	80
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	4,460	2,305	2,155
Kannada	1,630	825	800	80	35	40
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	2,340	1,205	1,140
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,470	780	690
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	560	280	280
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	10	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	10	5	5
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	75,965	38,130	37,835
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	370	195	175
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	70	40	35
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	12,890	6,280	6,605
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	120	55	65
Latvian	1,255	530	725	55	25	25
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	70	35	40
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	12,770	6,225	6,545
Belarusan	230	105	120	10	5	5
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	305	155	150
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	290	145	145
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	900	455	440
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	265	140	125
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	90	45	45
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	3,835	1,810	2,025
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	3,280	1,620	1,655
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	1,005	505	500
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	120	60	60
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	175	80	90
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	70	35	35
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	2,410	1,160	1,255
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	20	10	15
Celtic languages	360	205	155	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	0	5
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	3,400	1,675	1,725
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	325	165	155
Danish	855	410	445	40	20	15
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	300	145	155
Frisian	185	95	90	10	5	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	2,610	1,280	1,330
Icelandic	270	120	150	15	10	10
Norwegian	345	145	200	15	5	10
Swedish	1,045	500	545	75	35	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	15	10	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	5
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	380	190	190
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	43,190	21,925	21,265
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	39,050	19,835	19,215
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	1,460	755	700
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	3,665	1,860	1,810
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	5,100	2,600	2,495
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	35	20	15
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	330	170	165
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	1,395	730	670
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	35	20	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	20,650	10,510	10,145
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	465	230	235
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	785	405	380
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	5,125	2,540	2,580
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	4,025	2,035	1,985
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	375	200	175
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	435	235	200
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	3,215	1,605	1,610
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	120	55	65
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	15,655	7,820	7,835
Catalan	355	165	190	10	0	5
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	1,410	640	770
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	1,920	915	1,000
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	1,360	670	685
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	10,955	5,585	5,365
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	5	5
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	480	190	290
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	50	30	25
Georgian	1,035	565	475	55	30	25
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	4,595	2,255	2,340
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	50	20	25
Mongolian	910	435	470	50	20	30
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	2,965	1,425	1,535
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	450	215	235
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	40	20	15
Ewe	410	185	225	40	20	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	55	30	25
Ga	250	105	140	15	10	5
Ganda	345	160	185	80	35	45
Igbo	1,000	485	510	80	35	40
Lingala	1,045	455	590	40	20	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	195	90	105
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	285	145	135
Shona	1,035	475	560	220	95	120
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	585	280	315
Wolof	1,380	745	635	90	50	40
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	280	145	135
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	505	235	275
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	365	185	180
Dinka	1,130	580	550	205	110	90
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	165	80	90
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	515	290	220
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	195	105	90
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	315	185	130
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	32,365	15,355	17,015
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	31,830	15,070	16,755
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	14,745	6,815	7,925
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	215	95	120
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	14,735	7,150	7,580
Min Dong	345	150	195	15	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	555	235	320
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	125	65	60
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	1,445	710	735
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	540	280	260
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	100	55	45
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	360	195	165
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	25	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	60	25	35
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	475	220	255
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	190	90	95
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	285	130	155
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	5	5	5
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	1,310	700	610
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	50	35	20
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	1,140	605	535
Uyghur	610	315	290	35	20	15
Uzbek	990	505	490	70	40	35
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	10	10	5
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	510	240	265
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	30	10	15
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	475	225	245
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	75	35	35
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	72,660	35,435	37,225
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	2,790	1,380	1,405
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	67,940	33,110	34,830
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	590	285	310
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	1,340	655	685
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	1,351,350	676,340	675,010
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,153,360	579,875	573,490
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	79,905	39,990	39,910
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	14,995	7,010	7,980
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	99,405	47,580	51,820
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	3,925	1,760	2,165
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	95,480	45,825	49,655
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	685	350	335
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	1,890	985	905
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	1,070	520	550
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	50	25	20
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	1,089,035	542,890	546,145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	1,036,860	517,415	519,450
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	43,644	55,806	34,009
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,037,105	517,455	519,655
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	38,702	47,723	31,092
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	963,165	493,060	470,105
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	43,262	55,390	32,915
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	614,675	247,775	366,905
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	4,013	3,615	4,178
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	841,380	441,725	399,655
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	44,283	55,861	34,531
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,089,045	543,030	546,020
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	1,037,385	517,490	519,900
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	60,535	76,430	44,714
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	1,037,655	517,535	520,120
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	49,314	60,735	37,950
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	963,160	492,670	470,485
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	60,607	76,656	43,802
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	614,185	247,515	366,670
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,203	7,214	7,196
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	841,380	440,570	400,805
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	57,368	70,817	42,584
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,089,050	543,030	546,020
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	393,245	225,915	167,330
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	64,820	74,817	54,797
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	78,136	90,265	61,761
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	93.0	95.5	88.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	77.0	79.3	73.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	7.0	4.5	11.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,089,030	542,890	546,145
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	52,175	25,475	26,695
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	1,036,860	517,415	519,450
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	128,310	48,445	79,860
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	129,375	48,905	80,470
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	121,515	46,905	74,610
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	102,560	43,470	59,090
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	98,600	45,190	53,415
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	88,205	43,520	44,680
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	73,910	40,665	33,245
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	59,665	35,770	23,895
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	47,485	29,735	17,750
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	40,870	25,525	15,345
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	146,370	109,280	37,090
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	95,525	68,460	27,065
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	50,845	40,820	10,025
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,089,035	542,890	546,145
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	51,930	25,435	26,490
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,037,105	517,455	519,650
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.2	95.3	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	131,330	49,260	82,070
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	135,365	51,315	84,055
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	140,435	54,925	85,510
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	128,270	56,935	71,330
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	122,780	59,820	62,955
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	99,610	54,930	44,680
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	74,370	45,450	28,915
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	57,180	36,110	21,070
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	147,765	108,710	39,055
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	43,085	28,545	14,540
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	28,500	20,400	8,105
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	76,175	59,765	16,410
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	1,089,035	542,890	546,145
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	247,655	101,165	146,490
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	841,375	441,725	399,655
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	77.3	81.4	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	86,680	38,495	48,190
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	55,015	22,625	32,390
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	91,860	37,810	54,050
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	77,790	31,835	45,960
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	76,115	33,520	42,600
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	76,245	35,400	40,845
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	70,960	35,325	35,640
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	59,450	33,270	26,180
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	49,555	30,520	19,035
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	197,705	142,930	54,775
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	40,300	25,945	14,355
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	36,435	22,975	13,460
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	120,965	94,005	26,960
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	93,913	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	80,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	127,555	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	48,765	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	42,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	391,395	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	112,412	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	95,401	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	518,950	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	121,011	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	98,604	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	127,555	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	61,584	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	50,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	391,395	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	140,378	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	114,357	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	518,950	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	7,390	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	4,575	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	6,355	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	11,130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	16,875	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	13,200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	13,990	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	15,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	15,540	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	15,790	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	32,475	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	32,925	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	31,945	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	30,325	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	29,260	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	241,765	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	64,050	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	50,465	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	64,745	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	62,505	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	518,955	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	7,860	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	4,670	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	6,510	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	11,635	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	18,040	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	15,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	16,750	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	18,680	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	19,535	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	20,280	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	41,260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	40,010	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	38,640	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	36,635	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	33,010	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	190,395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	67,340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	46,560	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	76,490	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	369,400	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	111,310	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	94,389	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	132,015	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	103,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	87,574	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	171,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	134,667	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	112,931	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	52,980	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	64,759	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	58,389	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	369,160	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	140,446	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	114,134	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	131,940	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	136,617	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	109,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	171,295	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	163,777	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	132,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	52,785	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	79,290	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	67,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	201,245	107,535	93,710
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	42,935	48,034	37,847
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	37,875	41,450	34,190
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	201,105	107,495	93,605
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	54,457	59,930	48,171
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	44,936	48,541	40,797
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	1,340,930	671,765	669,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	502,555	241,990	260,570
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	97,815	47,710	50,100
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	89,905	40,940	48,965
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	95,570	45,355	50,215
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	104,185	50,905	53,280
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	115,085	57,085	58,000
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	838,375	429,775	408,600
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	125,585	62,540	63,045
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	138,540	69,965	68,580
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	157,745	80,805	76,945
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	186,920	96,100	90,825
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	229,575	120,365	109,210
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	1,332,525	667,500	665,025
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	294,240	150,710	143,530
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	104,225	53,155	51,075
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	884,570	444,810	439,760
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	153,720	71,985	81,735
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	124,430	58,465	65,965
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	39,065	20,005	19,060
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	14,785	7,565	7,220
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	73,300	34,040	39,260
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	12,060	4,415	7,645
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	9.3	8.8	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	13.3	13.3	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	14.2	14.2	14.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	8.3	7.7	8.9
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	7.8	6.1	9.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	105,455	51,295	54,160
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	29,785	15,200	14,580
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	11,365	5,800	5,565
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	70,045	33,935	36,115
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	5,625	2,165	3,460
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	7.9	7.7	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	10.1	10.1	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	10.9	10.9	10.9
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	7.9	7.6	8.2
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	3.7	3.0	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,340,930	671,765	669,165
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	1,320,485	663,540	656,945
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	1,318,805	662,815	655,990
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	97,220	45,625	51,600
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	403,600	196,230	207,370
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	6,790	3,000	3,790
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	5,965	2,590	3,375
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	50	10	40
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	5,755	2,505	3,255
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	25	10	15
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	20	0	15
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	1,025	385	640
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	25	10	15
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	260	130	135
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	4,405	1,965	2,445
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	10	10	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	190	75	115
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	185	75	110
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	330	130	195
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	325	130	195
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	10	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	30	10	20
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	10	10	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	215	80	135
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	45	20	25
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	35	25	15
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	15	15	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	10	10	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	10
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	10	0	10
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	80	30	45
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	10	0	15
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	35	10	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	30	25	10
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	15	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	60	30	25
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	30	10	15
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	10	0	10
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	10	10	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	10	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	395	210	180
Dakota	1,760	870	890	120	70	50
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	285	150	135
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	15	10	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	10	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	10	10	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	10	10	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	10	10	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	396,955	193,310	203,650
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	45,040	23,355	21,685
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	205	105	100
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	85	45	40
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	120	60	60
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	9,800	4,985	4,810
Bilen	1,085	625	470	240	140	100
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	1,210	645	565
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	8,400	4,225	4,180
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	30	10	20
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	36,220	18,895	17,320
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	4,090	2,080	2,010
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	28,490	15,000	13,495
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	70	35	35
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	25	20	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	235	95	140
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,470	765	700
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	75	40	35
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	3,130	1,585	1,545
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	155	85	70
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	150	90	65
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	12,870	6,005	6,865
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,100	530	570
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	11,820	5,505	6,315
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	15	0	10
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	54,400	23,795	30,605
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	75	40	40
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	2,585	1,145	1,440
Fijian	1,660	955	705	145	85	60
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	525	220	305
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	2,455	1,030	1,425
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	20	10	10
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	1,240	560	680
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	515	240	275
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	175	70	100
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	51,630	22,520	29,110
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	105	30	70
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	430	185	245
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	2,160	1,155	1,005
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	115	65	55
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	1,285	715	580
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	770	390	385
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	9,045	4,780	4,260
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	395	195	205
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	4,600	2,365	2,230
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	3,230	1,775	1,455
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	1,365	730	630
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	70	40	30
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	25	15	10
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	197,300	97,920	99,380
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	885	490	390
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	200	80	120
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	40,470	19,095	21,375
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	550	260	290
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	250	125	130
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	300	135	165
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	40,140	18,940	21,200
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	115	60	55
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,140	550	590
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	545	270	275
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	2,820	1,555	1,260
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,045	450	600
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	230	105	125
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	11,455	5,620	5,830
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	9,345	4,410	4,940
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	2,480	1,205	1,280
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	445	215	230
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	760	410	350
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	285	145	145
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	14,540	6,290	8,250
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	110	60	50
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	435	250	190
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	160	70	90
Welsh	1,690	830	860	100	65	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	190	115	75
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	29,765	14,635	15,135
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	1,250	625	625
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	830	405	425
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	5,120	2,465	2,660
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	105	70	35
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	21,770	10,850	10,915
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	55	20	35
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	480	215	265
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	630	305	330
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	85	40	50
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	65	35	35
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	20	10	10
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	1,580	790	790
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	79,195	40,805	38,385
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	72,445	37,250	35,190
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	2,825	1,490	1,335
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	7,530	3,745	3,780
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	27,510	14,355	13,155
Kashmiri	905	490	420	60	30	25
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	170	75	90
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	845	465	375
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	2,000	1,075	925
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	100	55	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	36,215	18,680	17,535
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	1,750	805	945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	1,840	950	895
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	12,350	6,400	5,950
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	7,255	3,805	3,455
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	860	520	335
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	810	440	370
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	5,815	2,990	2,820
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	480	270	215
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	49,460	24,210	25,260
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	80	40	35
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	8,410	4,210	4,205
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	6,140	3,030	3,110
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	3,025	1,550	1,475
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	33,545	16,230	17,310
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	95	50	45
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	2,570	1,115	1,455
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	60	25	35
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	60	25	40
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	7,210	3,400	3,810
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	145	65	80
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	145	65	85
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	13,335	6,775	6,565
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	1,445	720	725
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	35	20	15
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	290	145	145
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	160	85	75
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	155	80	75
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	200	100	95
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	425	210	220
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	600	330	275
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	750	375	375
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	600	285	310
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	910	485	425
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	1,025	500	525
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	3,540	1,865	1,675
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	220	130	90
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	1,610	840	770
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	3,370	1,650	1,720
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	935	465	475
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	570	265	310
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	370	200	170
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	2,820	1,090	1,730
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	1,585	575	1,015
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	1,240	515	725
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	55,300	26,655	28,640
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	54,430	26,200	28,225
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	28,840	13,750	15,085
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	700	305	395
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	28,270	13,480	14,790
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	25	15	15
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	1,605	715	885
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	260	120	135
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	2,405	1,205	1,205
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	45	20	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	895	470	430
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	245	125	110
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	475	245	225
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	60	30	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	175	100	75
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	1,320	520	800
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	585	270	315
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	835	270	565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	15	10	10
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	2,935	1,625	1,305
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	250	135	110
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	2,405	1,350	1,055
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	145	70	80
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	145	80	70
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	70	30	45
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	2,335	1,120	1,215
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	40	30	15
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	420	165	255
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	1,875	925	950
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	700	400	305
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,340,930	671,765	669,165
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	1,204,920	604,430	600,485
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	275,450	141,115	134,335
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	929,465	463,315	466,155
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	136,010	67,335	68,680
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,340,925	671,760	669,165
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	1,000,485	504,460	496,030
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	311,695	152,320	159,375
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	62,200	31,070	31,130
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	34,225	16,735	17,490
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	47,295	22,185	25,110
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	88,735	43,620	45,115
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	36,875	18,005	18,865
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	51,860	25,615	26,240
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	79,240	38,700	40,535
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	28,750	14,990	13,755
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	311,690	152,315	159,375
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	29,655	15,360	14,300
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	54,165	28,110	26,060
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	64,030	29,345	34,685
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	138,325	67,635	70,690
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	25,510	11,870	13,640
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	311,690	152,315	159,375
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	32,055	15,400	16,655
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	810	340	470
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	2,610	1,305	1,305
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	3,085	1,570	1,510
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	1,420	630	785
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	540	305	235
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	2,810	1,270	1,540
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	2,515	1,270	1,245
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	555	220	340
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,650	815	835
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	8,845	4,125	4,725
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	7,220	3,555	3,660
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	66,915	33,290	33,625
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	1,940	995	950
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	1,430	775	660
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	780	345	430
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	7,405	3,705	3,700
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	655	370	285
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	975	485	490
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	1,540	825	715
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	3,520	1,895	1,620
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	4,030	2,130	1,910
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	8,110	3,895	4,220
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	2,575	1,265	1,305
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	2,340	1,190	1,150
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	2,375	1,020	1,355
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	880	390	490
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	3,785	1,660	2,125
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	17,305	8,820	8,485
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	7,260	3,530	3,725
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	37,320	19,305	18,015
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	385	195	185
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	2,065	1,165	895
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	4,015	2,045	1,970
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	2,010	1,030	985
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	805	495	310
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	3,265	1,740	1,525
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	4,585	2,255	2,330
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	2,275	1,085	1,195
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	17,915	9,290	8,625
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	171,135	82,205	88,930
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	1,490	770	725
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	1,615	805	805
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	19,755	9,045	10,710
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	7,375	3,565	3,805
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	38,950	19,915	19,030
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	2,715	1,440	1,280
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	2,100	1,140	960
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	710	200	505
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	4,995	2,345	2,645
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	5,130	2,805	2,330
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	8,300	4,270	4,030
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	46,175	20,225	25,950
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	2,130	1,055	1,075
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	2,030	1,100	930
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	1,035	445	585
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	10,435	4,870	5,565
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	16,185	8,190	7,990
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	4,270	2,120	2,155
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	79,240	38,705	40,535
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	5,910	2,775	3,130
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	270	110	160
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	575	235	340
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	250	115	140
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	175	100	80
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	685	290	395
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	1,000	515	485
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	1,490	680	810
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	225	85	140
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	1,235	635	600
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	7,410	3,785	3,620
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	110	55	50
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	575	325	245
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	530	330	205
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	210	90	120
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	375	175	205
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	460	170	290
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	905	420	485
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	1,880	1,040	840
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	2,365	1,185	1,180
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	11,820	5,990	5,830
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	45	15	30
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	370	175	190
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	530	250	280
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	285	130	155
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	750	410	335
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	995	520	470
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	1,225	630	595
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	245	145	100
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	1,565	830	735
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	1,385	685	705
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	505	245	255
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	155	75	80
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	3,770	1,870	1,900
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	53,380	25,775	27,605
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	220	115	105
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	555	265	290
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	3,685	1,650	2,030
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	310	110	200
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	13,630	7,130	6,505
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	890	475	410
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	705	360	345
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	250	135	115
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	205	65	135
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	1,500	745	755
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	795	410	390
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	1,105	585	520
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	1,985	990	995
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	21,940	10,010	11,930
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	375	215	165
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	765	365	400
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,410	750	655
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	130	40	85
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	215	130	85
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	310	165	140
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	760	300	465
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	1,635	745	890
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	725	380	345
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	275	145	130
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	450	235	215
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,340,930	671,760	669,165
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	347,495	170,900	176,595
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	262,495	131,800	130,690
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	730,945	369,065	361,880
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	254,400	123,750	130,650
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	137,205	69,435	67,770
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	55,745	34,490	21,260
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	81,460	34,945	46,515
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	73,075	30,220	42,850
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	42,455	23,215	19,235
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	1,670	880	790
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,340,930	671,765	669,165
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	83,750	39,935	43,820
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	81,890	39,085	42,810
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	39,585	18,605	20,975
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	41,150	19,885	21,265
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	1,160	595	565
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	1,105	530	575
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	755	320	435
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	1,257,180	631,830	625,345
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,340,930	671,760	669,165
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	35,180	16,305	18,875
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	1,305,750	655,460	650,295
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	1,340,925	671,760	669,165
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	28,055	13,285	14,770
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	26,965	12,785	14,180
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	20,460	9,690	10,770
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	6,200	2,955	3,245
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	305	140	165
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	1,085	500	585
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	1,000	455	545
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	45	30	20
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	10	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	70,060	33,785	36,275
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	66,355	32,145	34,210
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	36,385	17,480	18,910
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	28,965	14,105	14,855
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	1,005	555	450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	3,705	1,645	2,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	3,435	1,525	1,910
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	150	65	85
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	110	45	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	1,242,815	624,700	618,120
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,340,930	671,765	669,165
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	366,380	181,785	184,590
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	91,735	47,375	44,360
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	60,330	29,320	31,005
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	58,130	29,860	28,270
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	62,175	28,020	34,155
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	18,895	9,615	9,285
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	25,700	13,720	11,985
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	17,270	8,270	9,005
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	6,750	3,485	3,270
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	7,625	3,645	3,975
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	2,530	1,000	1,525
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	4,080	1,935	2,145
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	11,155	5,545	5,615
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	974,550	489,975	484,575
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,340,930	671,765	669,165
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	98,110	47,070	51,045
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	61,500	29,250	32,250
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	1,665	860	810
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	39,755	19,110	20,645
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	293,790	149,610	144,185
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,930	1,100	830
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	21,050	10,185	10,870
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	277,720	141,540	136,180
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	25	15	10
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	580	325	260
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	80	55	30
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	10	10	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	500	285	215
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	90	45	50
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	845,035	421,415	423,625
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	489,035	243,940	245,095
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	70	15	50
Cornish	1,975	995	975	75	45	25
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	269,300	133,070	136,225
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	192,525	93,395	99,130
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	305	150	155
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	216,300	106,900	109,405
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	25,710	12,445	13,265
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	29,185	14,235	14,950
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	147,625	71,845	75,780
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	85	50	35
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	35	20	15
Corsican	1,750	950	805	90	50	40
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	147,485	71,765	75,720
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	287,375	141,990	145,385
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	14,005	6,695	7,310
Bavarian	940	485	455	40	20	20
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	7,300	3,500	3,800
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	59,785	29,495	30,295
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	740	320	420
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	145	90	55
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	224,125	110,555	113,570
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	205	110	95
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	6,560	3,330	3,235
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	190	80	110
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	99,010	47,695	51,315
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	16,390	7,810	8,580
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	5,565	2,780	2,790
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	5,470	2,800	2,670
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	46,060	22,100	23,955
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	31,765	14,650	17,115
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	4,370	2,175	2,200
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	261,435	126,865	134,565
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	905	470	440
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	1,070	575	485
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	6,260	3,080	3,180
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	3,105	1,495	1,615
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	700	325	375
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	14,970	7,300	7,665
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	1,280	590	690
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	2,095	1,045	1,050
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	385	170	215
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	75,115	36,530	38,585
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	11,740	5,700	6,035
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	29,580	14,095	15,480
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	3,270	1,545	1,720
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	164,105	79,445	84,655
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	625	325	295
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	78,235	39,290	38,945
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	805	445	365
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,535	770	765
Catalan	1,280	740	535	35	30	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	5,310	2,930	2,385
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	60	40	20
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	5,110	2,630	2,475
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	34,295	17,450	16,845
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	175	85	90
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	410	205	200
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	490	260	225
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	105	65	35
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	10,845	5,540	5,305
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	3,420	1,670	1,755
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	90	45	45
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,385	730	650
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	16,945	7,800	9,145
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	1,725	850	875
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	60	30	25
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	7,505	3,970	3,540
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	125	55	65
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	3,820	2,080	1,745
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	120	50	65
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	295	140	150
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	3,195	1,660	1,535
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	15,390	7,670	7,720
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	130	65	65
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	105	70	35
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	890	435	455
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	45	30	15
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	50	25	25
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	970	515	450
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	360	185	175
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	345	180	165
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	885	505	375
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	7,545	3,705	3,835
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	25	10	20
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	20	0	20
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	100	50	55
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	230	120	110
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	2,500	1,300	1,200
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	140	50	90
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,115	520	585
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	920	450	475
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	24,870	12,445	12,425
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	760	330	435
Arawak	1,440	610	830	15	10	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	385	220	165
Belizean	1,755	915	845	60	40	20
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	85	40	50
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,010	475	530
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	3,940	1,975	1,965
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	3,575	1,760	1,810
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	150	75	75
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	295	145	150
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	700	370	330
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,610	770	835
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	760	395	370
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	180	110	70
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	235	115	115
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	5,345	2,780	2,570
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	515	265	245
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	100	50	50
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	30	20	10
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	875	430	445
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	4,005	2,015	1,990
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	140	85	55
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	725	340	385
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,085	555	530
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	59,640	30,760	28,885
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	12,975	6,835	6,135
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	25	20	10
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	125	75	50
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	40	20	10
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	35	25	10
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	80	45	35
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	780	385	390
Chadian	1,845	955	885	10	10	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	2,275	1,195	1,080
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	210	125	80
Ewe	845	470	375	55	30	25
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	10	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	35	25	10
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	2,105	1,100	1,010
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	285	150	130
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	385	215	165
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	405	215	185
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	650	305	340
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	35	15	20
Malinké	1,125	585	535	75	40	30
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	3,575	1,855	1,715
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	60	40	25
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	250	155	95
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	475	250	220
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	50	20	30
Wolof	840	495	345	25	10	10
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	835	420	405
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	895	505	395
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	9,250	4,855	4,395
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	500	225	270
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	235	155	85
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	95	45	50
Dinka	900	500	400	200	105	95
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	3,355	1,775	1,580
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	590	300	290
Maure	1,190	655	535	35	20	15
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	1,195	645	550
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	2,755	1,455	1,300
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	375	185	190
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	240	115	125
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	27,510	14,200	13,315
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	80	45	35
Amhara	1,530	815	715	185	95	90
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	410	230	185
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	695	380	315
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	155	85	70
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	3,475	1,790	1,690
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	5,330	2,675	2,655
Harari	665	355	305	120	60	60
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	970	505	465
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	50	35	15
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	205	110	100
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	555	355	205
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	1,125	600	530
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	10	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	9,805	4,995	4,805
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	1,840	945	895
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	475	305	175
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	255	130	125
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	655	355	300
Zambian	1,860	935	920	115	75	50
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	1,380	690	690
Zulu	945	475	475	175	80	100
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	1,530	790	745
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	11,130	5,545	5,575
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	1,235	615	620
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	10,075	5,030	5,050
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	290,945	143,055	147,890
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	40,585	21,295	19,285
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	2,490	1,310	1,175
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	4,440	2,415	2,020
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	620	310	315
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	180	80	95
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	300	150	150
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	115	60	60
Hazara	1,515	810	705	100	55	50
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	4,625	2,375	2,250
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	2,065	1,085	980
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	710	360	345
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	640	315	325
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	105	50	60
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	1,065	595	465
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	120	55	65
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	25	15	10
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	15,375	7,965	7,405
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	2,915	1,615	1,300
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	235	105	130
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	195	95	95
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	3,040	1,555	1,480
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	65	45	25
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	145	55	90
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	2,775	1,535	1,235
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	50	20	30
Uighur	1,555	775	785	100	50	50
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	175	85	90
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	255	130	125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	900	495	400
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	91,940	47,375	44,560
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	1,445	715	730
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	610	345	270
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	75	45	35
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	72,500	37,245	35,260
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	85	45	40
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	480	255	235
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	105	55	50
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	1,850	1,005	850
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	8,450	4,355	4,095
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	6,285	3,330	2,955
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	270	150	120
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	2,340	1,185	1,155
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	480	250	230
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	1,950	1,015	935
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	159,905	75,095	84,805
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	455	235	215
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	1,570	805	765
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	72,225	34,785	37,440
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	65,340	29,590	35,755
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	955	455	505
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	3,750	1,600	2,145
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	395	225	175
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	8,020	3,835	4,185
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	765	395	370
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	1,465	670	795
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	360	155	200
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	150	75	80
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	660	290	375
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	1,035	375	665
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	60	30	30
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	14,190	6,825	7,365
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	365	190	175
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	950	505	450
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	955	510	445
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	5,040	2,595	2,445
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	1,990	1,040	950
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	720	400	325
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	2,455	1,225	1,230
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	1,910	935	980
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	150	70	80
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	195	105	95
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	70	25	35
Samoan	1,100	625	475	65	45	20
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	80	50	30
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	518,950	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	362,170	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	155,205	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	1,570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	518,950	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	100,450	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	418,500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	2,635	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	57,205	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	111,355	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	183,405	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	164,350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	518,950	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	139,305	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	79,995	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	73,965	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	65,535	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	160,145	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	506,715	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	12,235	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	518,950	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	491,325	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	27,620	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	63,950	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	159,280	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	63,875	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	61,780	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	49,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	58,510	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	62,135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	490,210	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	28,740	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	518,950	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	293,980	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	206,345	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	18,625	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	518,955	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	20,215	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	99,665	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	103,255	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	102,980	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	96,150	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	56,725	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	29,790	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	10,165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	511,545	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	399,755	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	111,790	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	97,435	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	358,780	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	64.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	15.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,525	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,547	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	399,760	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	434,673	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	154,950	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	10.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	37.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,252	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,286	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	1,089,045	543,025	546,020
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	171,645	87,785	83,865
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	306,490	149,245	157,245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	610,910	306,000	304,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	108,615	87,085	21,525
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	30,560	18,465	12,100
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	78,055	68,630	9,430
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	208,740	87,130	121,610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	34,760	13,730	21,030
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	258,795	118,050	140,745
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	179,610	77,690	101,920
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	14,180	6,385	7,800
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	8,135	4,410	3,725
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	46,305	22,870	23,430
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	10,560	6,690	3,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	763,510	382,405	381,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	76,460	41,465	35,000
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	190,600	93,970	96,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	496,445	246,975	249,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	83,975	68,290	15,690
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	22,370	13,995	8,380
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	61,610	54,295	7,310
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	169,130	71,040	98,095
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	26,955	10,805	16,145
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	216,390	96,845	119,545
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	149,845	64,170	85,675
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	11,000	4,815	6,185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	6,910	3,515	3,400
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	40,310	19,295	21,010
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	8,330	5,055	3,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,089,050	543,030	546,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	478,135	237,025	241,110
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	43,175	10,970	32,205
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	43,175	10,970	32,205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	17,385	7,580	9,805
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	3,370	2,330	1,040
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	14,015	5,250	8,765
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	24,465	10,165	14,300
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	2,755	780	1,975
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	5,200	1,630	3,580
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	7,545	2,820	4,730
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	70	30	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	1,735	1,040	695
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	3,585	2,065	1,525
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	2,980	1,675	1,305
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	580	125	455
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	55,060	18,200	36,865
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	930	210	720
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	5,375	2,260	3,115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	9,775	810	8,960
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	10,250	3,360	6,890
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	760	255	500
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	10,625	3,010	7,615
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	17,345	8,290	9,055
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	121,065	45,530	75,535
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	220	50	165
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	7,290	1,520	5,770
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	113,560	43,960	69,595
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	26,190	13,275	12,915
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	10,240	4,490	5,755
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	6,305	2,830	3,470
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	150	30	120
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	7,455	4,985	2,470
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	2,045	940	1,105
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	21,735	13,300	8,430
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	17,155	11,415	5,745
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	1,825	245	1,585
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	2,615	1,560	1,055
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	145	95	50
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	161,390	146,275	15,115
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	4,055	2,645	1,410
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	34,575	28,290	6,280
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	30,185	26,385	3,805
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	38,295	36,740	1,555
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	32,440	31,355	1,090
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	21,825	20,860	970
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	11,190	6,625	4,565
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	7,105	4,065	3,040
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	4,090	2,560	1,530
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	97,530	18,805	78,720
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	6,075	2,835	3,245
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	88,820	14,475	74,345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	2,635	1,505	1,135
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	31,675	15,245	16,435
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	18,795	5,120	13,675
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	55	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	335	290	40
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	6,645	4,360	2,285
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	5,855	5,420	430
Other	3,170	885	2,280	50	30	25
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	55	25	25
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	763,510	382,410	381,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	267,065	135,435	131,630
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	32,085	7,610	24,475
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	32,085	7,610	24,480
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	13,965	6,050	7,910
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	2,545	1,760	785
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	11,420	4,295	7,125
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	19,720	8,065	11,660
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	2,305	635	1,670
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	4,200	1,295	2,915
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	6,305	2,320	3,980
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	55	35	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	1,415	850	565
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	2,685	1,575	1,110
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	2,320	1,275	1,050
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	430	80	350
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	46,435	14,950	31,480
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	800	185	610
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	4,670	1,905	2,765
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	8,060	655	7,405
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	8,910	2,620	6,295
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	615	220	395
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	8,615	2,385	6,235
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	14,755	6,980	7,775
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	100,785	37,685	63,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	185	40	140
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	6,060	1,180	4,885
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	94,540	36,465	58,080
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	20,490	10,055	10,440
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	8,140	3,465	4,675
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	4,725	2,125	2,605
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	145	30	120
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	5,910	3,780	2,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	1,565	660	900
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	19,070	11,735	7,340
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	15,510	10,310	5,200
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	1,435	210	1,230
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	2,015	1,145	870
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	110	65	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	131,090	117,945	13,145
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	3,280	2,045	1,240
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	29,485	23,890	5,590
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	24,670	21,475	3,195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	10	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	30,850	29,500	1,350
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	25,390	24,470	925
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	17,400	16,565	835
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	8,885	5,015	3,870
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	5,430	2,875	2,550
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	3,460	2,140	1,315
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	78,555	15,430	63,125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	4,960	2,335	2,625
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	71,355	11,885	59,465
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	2,240	1,210	1,030
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	25,320	12,405	12,910
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	14,690	4,080	10,610
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	50	45	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	215	190	25
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	5,555	3,600	1,950
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	4,810	4,490	320
Other	2,590	745	1,845	45	25	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	45	30	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	1,089,050	543,030	546,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	478,135	237,025	241,110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	610,910	306,005	304,910
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	491,285	247,575	243,710
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	391,770	196,975	194,800
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	99,515	50,600	48,910
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	119,625	58,425	61,200
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	12,210	6,885	5,325
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	26,035	10,100	15,940
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	18,500	9,425	9,070
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	8,135	4,660	3,475
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	6,170	2,845	3,320
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	635	390	240
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	47,950	24,110	23,835
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	763,515	382,410	381,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	267,060	135,435	131,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	496,450	246,980	249,470
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	394,790	198,320	196,465
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	314,255	157,645	156,610
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	80,530	40,680	39,855
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	101,660	48,655	53,010
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	9,265	5,035	4,230
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	24,040	9,240	14,800
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	16,395	8,220	8,180
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	5,495	3,175	2,320
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	5,380	2,460	2,920
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	545	335	210
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	40,530	20,185	20,345
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,089,045	543,030	546,020
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	781,355	417,560	363,795
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	714,660	377,440	337,220
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	66,695	40,120	26,575
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	307,695	125,470	182,225
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	71.7	76.9	66.6
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	65.6	69.5	61.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.5	9.6	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	1,089,050	543,030	546,020
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	277,825	111,490	166,335
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	811,225	431,540	379,680
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	404,715	233,995	170,725
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	406,505	197,550	208,960
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.6	43.2	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	781,355	417,555	363,795
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	13,345	6,200	7,140
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	768,010	411,355	356,655
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	689,270	361,115	328,160
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	78,740	50,245	28,495
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	781,355	417,555	363,795
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	13,345	6,200	7,140
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	768,015	411,355	356,655
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	82,160	51,400	30,760
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	121,975	33,380	88,595
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	55,670	43,615	12,060
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	55,530	10,855	44,680
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	83,145	29,175	53,970
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	17,565	7,130	10,430
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	169,065	71,060	98,010
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	144,730	133,955	10,775
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	15,395	12,815	2,580
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	22,775	17,970	4,805
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	781,350	417,560	363,795
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	13,345	6,205	7,135
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	768,010	411,355	356,655
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	7,725	4,865	2,855
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	25,895	21,545	4,350
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	7,790	5,515	2,280
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	90,085	76,355	13,730
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	47,150	35,745	11,405
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	31,270	22,280	8,990
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	86,495	39,430	47,060
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	36,835	27,750	9,090
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	11,120	6,260	4,865
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	24,910	8,780	16,125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	14,790	8,220	6,570
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	52,890	29,900	22,990
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	1,065	450	615
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	29,335	16,765	12,570
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	53,205	17,405	35,805
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	88,765	15,575	73,190
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	14,195	6,870	7,330
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	53,185	21,960	31,225
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	36,805	17,600	19,205
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	54,495	28,090	26,410
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	714,655	377,440	337,220
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	41,080	18,460	22,615
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	1,765	1,245	525
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	102,500	78,590	23,910
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	569,315	279,140	290,170
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	569,315	279,140	290,170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	400,510	182,440	218,075
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	151,765	84,795	66,970
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	14,585	10,325	4,260
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	2,450	1,580	865
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	671,815	357,730	314,080
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	522,155	293,055	229,100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	34,445	13,385	21,055
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	73,750	30,055	43,695
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	25,030	10,740	14,285
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	6,520	4,225	2,300
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	9,915	6,270	3,645
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	671,815	357,730	314,080
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	146,725	65,340	81,385
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	261,850	139,915	121,940
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	166,180	94,420	71,765
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	55,545	31,655	23,885
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	41,520	26,405	15,115
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	671,810	357,735	314,080
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	51,450	38,530	12,920
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	136,665	86,290	50,380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	200,545	102,620	97,925
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	114,835	49,485	65,345
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	66,350	27,540	38,810
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	101,965	53,260	48,705
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	834,505	442,060	392,445
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	826,785	438,320	388,470
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	820,440	435,115	385,325
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	817,885	434,250	383,640
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	2,555	860	1,690
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	6,345	3,205	3,145
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	30	15	15
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	25	15	15
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	30	15	15
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	30	15	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	10	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	6,315	3,190	3,130
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	505	310	200
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	60	30	30
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	10	0
Somali	220	80	145	55	25	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	450	280	170
Amharic	200	95	100	40	15	20
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	325	225	100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	20	0	10
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	15	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	420	185	235
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	10	0	10
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	410	185	225
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	335	185	150
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	20	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	310	180	130
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	15	10	10
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	10	0	10
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	2,160	1,140	1,020
Albanian	350	220	125	10	10	10
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	315	160	155
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	315	160	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	10	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	10
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	10	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	125	65	60
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	85	30	50
Serbian	530	320	210	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	70	40	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	110	55	55
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	35	15	15
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	60	40	20
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	1,270	715	555
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	1,200	665	535
Bengali	530	275	245	10	0	10
Gujarati	880	300	585	60	15	50
Hindi	1,405	755	650	110	60	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	975	575	400
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	40	15	25
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	70	50	20
Kurdish	185	150	40	15	10	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	50	35	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	460	210	250
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	15	0	10
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	45	25	15
Romanian	745	365	380	10	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	400	180	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	30	10	25
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	260	125	140
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	10
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	130	70	65
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	85	30	55
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	40	35	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	2,335	1,105	1,225
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	2,320	1,100	1,225
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	1,495	735	760
Hakka	70	25	45	10	10	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	705	310	400
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	15	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	95	40	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	10	10	10
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	10	10	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	30	15	15
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	25	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	45	20	25
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	40	15	20
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	15	0	10
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	10	0	10
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	7,715	3,745	3,970
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	1,885	910	980
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	5,680	2,765	2,910
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	130	60	70
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	834,505	442,060	392,445
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	801,320	425,535	375,780
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	4,475	1,930	2,545
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	8,885	4,325	4,565
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	19,335	10,025	9,310
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	695	300	400
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	18,635	9,720	8,910
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	70	30	45
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	410	215	200
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	1,323,050	662,865	660,190
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	1,107,840	555,155	552,680
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	215,210	107,705	107,505
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	141,780	71,540	70,245
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	73,430	36,165	37,265
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	56,445	28,150	28,295
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	40,520	20,165	20,355
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	15,930	7,985	7,940
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	16,985	8,020	8,965
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	1,252,990	626,880	626,105
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	678,060	338,000	340,065
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	574,930	288,880	286,045
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	313,855	157,740	156,115
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	261,070	131,135	129,930
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	184,900	93,130	91,765
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	109,730	54,150	55,575
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	75,170	38,985	36,190
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	76,170	38,005	38,165