Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			North Bay Ontario [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : North Bay [Census agglomeration], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	70,378	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	72,241r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	-2.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	33,696	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	30,124	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	13.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	5,369.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	70,375	34,250	36,125
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	10,495	5,300	5,195
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	3,330	1,725	1,600
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	3,560	1,785	1,775
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	3,605	1,795	1,815
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	45,825	22,640	23,180
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	3,915	1,995	1,915
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	4,325	2,145	2,180
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	4,260	2,180	2,080
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	4,160	2,030	2,130
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	3,825	1,900	1,930
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	4,075	2,010	2,065
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	4,485	2,215	2,265
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	5,920	2,835	3,085
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	5,815	2,885	2,935
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	5,050	2,445	2,605
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	14,060	6,310	7,745
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	4,520	2,210	2,315
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	3,270	1,505	1,765
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,620	1,180	1,440
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,885	830	1,055
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	1,765	590	1,165
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,115	410	700
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	515	155	360
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	125	25	95
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	15	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	14.9	15.5	14.4
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	65.1	66.1	64.2
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	20.0	18.4	21.4
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.5	1.7	3.2
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	43.3	42.3	44.2
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	45.1	44.0	46.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	30,125	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	18,205	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	1,890	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	9,865	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	2,140	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,875	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	1,610	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	4,165	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	75	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	30,125	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	8,700	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	11,850	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	4,395	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	3,495	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	1,685	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	68,710	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	59,885	28,955	30,935
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	34,815	17,405	17,405
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	27,685	13,855	13,825
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	7,125	3,545	3,575
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	25,070	11,545	13,525
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	14,925	8,095	6,830
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,240	995	1,250
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	3,790	1,625	2,165
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,110	830	3,280
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	20,570	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	12,050	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	4,125	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	3,215	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	20,575	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	17,100	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	13,540	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	3,560	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	3,470	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	2,715	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	760	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	17,105	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	9,835	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	7,270	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	3,155	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	2,990	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,130	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	3,475	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	2,215	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	975	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	13,055	6,185	6,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	30,125	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	19,720	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	9,455	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	10,265	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	425	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	9,980	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	8,695	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,285	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	69,390	33,840	35,555
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	51,440	25,760	25,680
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	220	95	120
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	17,615	7,925	9,690
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	120	55	60
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	69,390	33,835	35,550
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	60,035	29,545	30,495
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	9,035	4,165	4,875
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	210	85	125
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	105	45	55
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	9,140	4,205	4,935
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	13.2	12.4	13.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	69,390	33,835	35,550
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	68,260	33,315	34,940
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	65,615	32,095	33,515
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	56,305	27,790	28,515
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	9,310	4,310	5,000
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	2,650	1,220	1,425
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	160	75	90
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	160	75	90
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	135	60	75
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	5	0	5
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	10	10	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	40	15	20
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	80	30	50
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	20	10	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	15	10	5
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	5	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	2,485	1,145	1,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	40	25	15
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	40	25	15
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	0	0	0
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	35	20	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	0	0	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	0	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	30	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	0	0	0
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	30	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	65	10	55
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	0	0	0
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	0	0	0
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	55	10	45
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	40	20	15
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	10	5	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	15	10	10
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	10	5	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	1,905	895	1,010
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	0	0	0
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	340	150	190
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	10	10	0
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	5	5	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	5	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	330	145	185
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	10	10	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	20	15	10
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	40	20	20
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	120	50	65
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	50	15	30
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	0	0	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	15	5	10
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	60	25	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	5	5	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	5	0	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	645	290	355
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	15	5	10
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	10	5	5
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	125	50	75
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	5	5
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	480	220	260
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	0	5	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	0	0	0
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	45	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	205	105	100
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	170	90	85
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	10	5	5
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	35	20	15
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	25	15	15
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	5	5
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	0	5
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	30	20	10
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	15	10	5
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	50	25	25
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	40	20	20
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	10	5	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	660	320	340
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	455	220	235
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	75	35	35
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	20	10	15
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	110	50	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	0	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	0	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	5	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	5	0	0
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	10	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	10	5	5
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	195	95	100
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	195	90	105
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	85	45	40
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	90	40	50
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	20	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	0	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	10	5	5
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	0	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	10	5	5
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	5	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	115	45	70
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	10	5	10
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	65	25	40
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	40	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	0	0	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,130	520	610
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	915	425	495
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	185	85	95
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	69,385	33,835	35,550
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	68,335	33,395	34,940
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	67,455	32,975	34,480
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	64,015	31,420	32,590
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	3,440	1,550	1,885
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	885	420	460
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	65	35	30
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	65	35	35
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	65	35	35
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	5	5	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	20	10	10
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	40	15	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	5	0	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	5	0	5
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	5	5	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	810	380	430
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	20	10	10
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	25	10	10
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	10	5	5
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	25	10	15
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	15	5	10
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	5	0	0
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	550	250	300
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	0	0	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	75	35	40
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	75	35	40
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	5	5	0
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	15	5	10
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	20	10	10
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	20	10	10
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	5	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	175	80	95
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	10	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	20	5	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	150	70	80
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	105	55	50
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	85	45	40
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	10	5	5
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	20	10	10
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	20	10	15
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	20	10	10
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	15	10	10
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	20	10	10
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	10	5	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	190	85	105
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	125	50	75
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	20	15	10
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	10	0	5
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	35	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	5	0	5
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	20	15	10
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	25	15	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	115	65	55
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	120	60	55
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	50	30	20
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	50	25	25
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	5	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	0	5	0
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	15	5	10
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	10	5	10
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,055	440	610
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	665	275	390
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	370	155	210
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	20	10	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	69,390	33,840	35,550
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	61,135	30,190	30,945
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	2,305	1,045	1,260
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	4,950	2,155	2,795
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	955	430	525
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	100	45	60
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	850	390	465
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	0	0	0
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	15	5	10
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	30	10	15
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	58,240	28,220	30,015
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	56,100	27,215	28,890
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	33,172	39,457	28,240
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	56,125	27,215	28,910
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	30,243	35,433	26,130
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	49,210	24,210	25,000
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	31,107	38,222	25,329
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	42,020	19,125	22,895
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	7,969	8,074	7,891
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	39,660	20,355	19,305
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	31,457	36,509	27,770
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	58,220	28,180	30,035
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	56,010	27,105	28,905
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,367	50,809	36,391
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	56,035	27,100	28,935
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	36,571	41,972	31,514
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	49,125	24,055	25,070
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	41,803	50,141	33,802
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	42,175	19,270	22,905
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	8,902	8,866	8,932
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	39,660	20,175	19,485
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	41,597	48,141	34,821
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	58,220	28,185	30,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	18,290	9,805	8,490
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	51,541	56,676	47,337
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	60,340	66,832	52,847
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	84.7	87.8	80.6
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	67.5	70.1	64.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	15.3	12.2	19.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	58,240	28,220	30,015
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	2,135	1,010	1,130
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	56,100	27,215	28,885
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.3	96.4	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	7,080	3,000	4,080
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	10,460	4,235	6,230
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	8,260	3,415	4,845
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	6,690	3,115	3,575
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	5,910	2,940	2,965
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	4,700	2,555	2,140
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	3,530	2,085	1,445
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	2,430	1,390	1,045
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	1,860	1,090	775
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,655	865	790
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	3,530	2,515	1,015
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	2,555	1,755	805
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	975	765	215
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	58,240	28,225	30,020
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	2,115	1,010	1,105
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	56,125	27,215	28,910
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.4	96.4	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	7,380	3,050	4,325
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	10,895	4,415	6,480
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	9,590	4,105	5,480
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	7,835	3,760	4,070
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	6,755	3,515	3,245
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	4,655	2,720	1,935
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,095	1,815	1,275
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,355	1,305	1,050
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	3,565	2,520	1,045
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,320	820	500
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	730	510	220
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,510	1,195	320
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	58,240	28,225	30,015
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	18,580	7,865	10,715
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	39,660	20,355	19,305
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	68.1	72.1	64.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	6,435	3,400	3,035
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	3,245	1,435	1,810
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	5,075	2,215	2,865
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	4,450	1,965	2,485
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	4,000	1,770	2,230
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	3,690	1,865	1,825
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	3,170	1,740	1,435
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	2,300	1,395	905
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	1,760	1,005	755
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	5,525	3,565	1,955
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,485	865	625
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,420	740	675
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	2,620	1,960	660
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	30,125	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	64,199	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	57,029	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	8,695	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	30,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	28,366	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	21,430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	81,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	71,622	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	30,120	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	80,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	68,031	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	8,700	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	40,309	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	34,521	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	21,425	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	96,998	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	81,635	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	30,125	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	270	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	395	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,135	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,405	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,550	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,315	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,470	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,440	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,325	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,485	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,045	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	1,885	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,635	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	8,265	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	2,990	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	1,945	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,035	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,290	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	30,125	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	290	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	405	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,140	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,455	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,720	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,510	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,625	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,655	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,620	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,510	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	2,945	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	2,540	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,330	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	1,920	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,545	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	5,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	2,715	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,515	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,690	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	20,455	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	81,730	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	71,765	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	9,245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	75,867	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	67,143	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	7,370	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	110,794	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	95,088	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	3,260	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	45,804	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	43,191	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	20,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	97,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	81,775	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	9,260	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	90,337	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	75,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	7,370	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	125,066	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	103,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	3,255	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	55,779	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	49,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	11,730	5,595	6,135
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	27,612	28,848	26,696
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	25,647	26,554	24,992
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	11,725	5,535	6,190
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	36,919	39,065	35,000
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	31,888	33,218	30,698
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	68,710	33,510	35,200
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	36,035	17,135	18,900
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	7,370	3,585	3,780
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	7,660	3,365	4,295
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	7,125	3,380	3,750
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	6,840	3,310	3,530
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	7,045	3,495	3,550
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	32,675	16,380	16,295
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	6,910	3,425	3,485
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	7,045	3,520	3,525
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	6,680	3,305	3,375
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	6,790	3,440	3,345
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	5,250	2,690	2,565
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	68,710	33,510	35,200
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	12,795	6,510	6,285
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	4,010	2,065	1,950
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	42,865	21,005	21,860
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	13,050	6,000	7,055
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	10,755	4,930	5,825
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	2,425	1,245	1,180
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	905	450	450
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	6,600	3,085	3,520
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	1,725	600	1,125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	15.7	14.7	16.5
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	19.0	19.1	18.8
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	22.6	21.8	23.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	15.4	14.7	16.1
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	13.2	10.0	15.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	5,330	2,675	2,660
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,015	555	455
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	405	225	185
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	4,120	2,045	2,065
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	200	70	130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	7.8	8.0	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	7.9	8.5	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	10.1	10.9	9.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	9.6	9.7	9.4
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.5	1.2	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	68,710	33,510	35,200
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	68,545	33,435	35,110
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	68,310	33,325	34,985
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	17,655	7,845	9,810
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	3,720	1,765	1,955
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	295	120	175
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	265	105	165
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	210	80	130
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	15	10	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	10	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	90	25	60
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	105	40	60
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	10	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	65	30	35
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	10	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	60	25	35
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	10	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	10	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	0	10
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	10	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	10	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	3,435	1,650	1,785
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	100	60	35
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	100	60	40
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	90	60	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	10	0	10
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	55	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	55	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	75	10	75
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	15	0	15
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	0	0	0
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	65	0	70
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	40	20	20
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	0	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	0	0	0
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	35	15	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	2,695	1,340	1,360
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	0	0	0
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	400	180	220
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	15	10	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	0	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	10	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	385	165	215
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	0	0	0
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	10	10	10
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	25	15	10
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	25	0	20
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	0	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	140	60	80
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	115	60	60
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	0	10	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	10	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	20	10	15
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	60	25	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	10	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	20	15	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	15	10	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	10	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	765	380	390
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	15	0	0
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	10	10	0
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	145	75	70
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	575	275	300
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	20	10	15
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	55	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	275	140	135
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	230	110	120
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	15	10	10
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	30	10	20
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	125	55	70
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	40	15	30
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	75	45	30
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	40	25	15
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	25	20	10
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,260	635	620
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	700	355	345
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	115	75	40
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	30	15	15
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	465	215	245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	35	20	15
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	10	0	10
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	50	25	25
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	40	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	230	110	120
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	230	115	120
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	145	80	70
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	80	40	45
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	30	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	15	10	0
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	10	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	0	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	0	10	10
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	105	30	70
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	10	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	70	10	50
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	30	20	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	68,710	33,510	35,200
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	67,900	33,165	34,735
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	12,790	6,485	6,310
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	55,110	26,680	28,425
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	810	345	465
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	68,710	33,515	35,195
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	65,230	31,915	33,320
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	3,410	1,570	1,840
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	1,945	905	1,040
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	340	170	170
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	355	130	225
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	550	270	285
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	220	110	115
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	335	160	170
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	215	90	120
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	70	30	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	3,410	1,565	1,845
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	625	310	320
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	730	380	350
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	800	305	495
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	1,170	555	615
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	80	20	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	3,410	1,570	1,840
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	620	290	325
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	0	0	0
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	15	0	10
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	10	10	10
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	25	15	10
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	0	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	20	0	20
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	25	0	20
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	15	10	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	440	220	220
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	60	35	30
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	1,995	915	1,080
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	10	0	0
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	10	0	0
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	50	15	30
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	315	160	155
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	25	20	10
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	20	20	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	25	10	15
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	285	150	135
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	95	50	45
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	80	30	50
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	50	30	25
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	35	15	15
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	50	20	35
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	20	10	10
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	30	15	15
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	720	310	405
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	185	60	125
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	125	75	50
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	10	10	10
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	0	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	10	0	0
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	10	0	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	10	10	0
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	75	55	20
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	640	275	365
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	10	0	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	150	65	90
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	15	10	10
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	150	70	80
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	10	0	0
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	0	0	0
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	10	10	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	15	0	15
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	20	10	10
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	55	30	25
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	60	0	65
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	10	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	25	15	10
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	10	0	0
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	60	30	30
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	35	25	15
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	30	10	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	215	95	125
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	25	10	10
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	10	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	10	10	10
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	10	10	0
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	15	10	10
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	0	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	10	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	10	0	10
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	0	0	0
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	0	0	0
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	0	0	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	180	75	100
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	20	10	15
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	50	25	25
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	10	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	10	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	0	0	0
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	0	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	10	0	0
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	25	0	30
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	25	20	10
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	10	0	0
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	0	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	68,710	33,510	35,200
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	3,775	1,725	2,050
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	7,800	3,880	3,920
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	57,135	27,905	29,225
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	1,510	690	820
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	665	325	345
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	305	210	95
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	360	115	255
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	665	265	405
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	165	95	70
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	68,710	33,510	35,200
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	7,130	3,465	3,670
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	6,745	3,245	3,500
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	3,875	1,810	2,060
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	2,825	1,400	1,425
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	45	25	20
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	135	70	65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	250	150	105
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	61,575	30,045	31,530
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	68,710	33,510	35,200
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	2,775	1,280	1,495
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	65,935	32,230	33,710
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	68,710	33,510	35,200
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	1,535	695	840
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	1,485	660	825
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	1,205	520	685
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	275	135	140
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	50	35	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	15	15	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	6,775	3,215	3,560
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	6,570	3,120	3,450
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	4,290	2,020	2,265
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	2,225	1,075	1,145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	55	20	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	210	105	105
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	180	95	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	20	10	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	60,400	29,595	30,805
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	68,710	33,510	35,200
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	1,765	830	930
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	430	220	210
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	390	190	200
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	300	165	140
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	80	10	75
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	130	60	70
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	60	30	25
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	105	50	60
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	15	10	10
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	30	10	20
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	60	20	40
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	75	40	35
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	90	30	60
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	66,950	32,675	34,270
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	68,710	33,510	35,200
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	8,310	3,915	4,395
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	5,750	2,680	3,075
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	105	55	50
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	2,715	1,320	1,395
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	30,055	14,600	15,465
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	90	45	40
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	610	300	310
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	29,530	14,320	15,210
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	105	55	45
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	20	10	10
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	65	40	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	52,070	25,340	26,730
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	36,190	17,705	18,490
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	0	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	20,375	9,935	10,435
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	16,085	7,595	8,495
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	10	10	10
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	14,845	7,295	7,550
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	1,215	605	610
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	1,915	930	985
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	20,685	9,795	10,885
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	20,680	9,795	10,890
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	11,225	5,310	5,915
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	365	155	215
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	200	80	120
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	2,280	1,175	1,110
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	10	0	0
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	8,915	4,120	4,795
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	375	170	205
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	2,150	1,015	1,130
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	380	170	210
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	675	315	365
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	95	35	60
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	465	260	200
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	540	245	290
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	115	60	60
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	4,430	2,235	2,195
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	35	10	30
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	15	0	15
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	125	60	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	75	35	40
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	85	45	40
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	380	210	170
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	60	35	30
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	100	60	50
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	1,895	985	905
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	185	115	75
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	485	215	270
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	65	50	20
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	1,410	655	755
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	15	0	20
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	5,150	2,510	2,635
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	0	0	0
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	0	0	0
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	90	35	60
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	290	140	155
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	4,070	2,015	2,055
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	45	20	20
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	30	15	15
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	335	180	155
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	10	10	10
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	20	20	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	40	15	25
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	265	125	145
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	80	25	55
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	255	155	100
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	85	50	35
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	20	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	150	100	50
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	255	115	145
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	10	0	10
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	10	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	0	0	10
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	0	0	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10	10	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	125	55	75
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	30	15	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	40	20	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	15	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	315	135	185
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	20	0	15
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	15	0	10
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	15	15	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	20	15	10
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	0	0	0
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	30	10	20
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	20	15	10
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	0	0	0
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	45	10	35
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	0	0	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	130	40	90
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	0	0	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	10	0	0
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	20	15	0
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	15	0	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	10	10	0
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	290	165	125
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	70	50	20
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	20	15	10
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	0	0	0
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	35	30	10
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	15	10	0
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	0	0	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	60	30	30
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	20	10	10
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	15	0	10
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	20	10	10
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	60	25	35
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	10	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	0	0	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	40	15	25
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	20	0	15
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	0	0	0
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	95	55	40
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	25	10	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	70	40	25
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	1,575	710	865
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	280	145	135
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	0	0	0
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	15	20	0
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	50	30	25
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	0	0	10
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	0	0	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	30	20	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	125	55	70
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	20	10	10
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	10	15	0
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	15	0	10
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	505	240	265
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	0	0	0
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	20	10	10
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	385	185	195
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	75	40	40
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	0	0	0
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	10	10	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	10	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	30	10	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	800	325	470
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	0	0	0
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	485	225	255
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	120	20	100
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	10	0	0
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	75	25	45
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	25	0	20
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	10	0	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	10	0	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	0	0	0
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	10	0	0
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	100	45	50
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	0	0	0
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	110	50	65
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	75	35	40
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	30	10	20
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	15	10	10
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	15	10	15
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	30,125	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	20,460	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	9,665	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	30,125	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	1,315	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	28,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	30,125	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	120	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	3,495	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	6,945	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	11,085	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	8,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	30,120	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	6,435	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	4,035	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	4,590	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	4,175	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	10,895	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	30,120	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	29,965	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	30,125	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	29,425	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	30,120	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	8,830	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	11,110	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	4,465	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	2,835	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	950	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	1,145	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	30,120	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	27,750	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,375	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	30,125	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	17,780	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	11,755	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	30,120	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,045	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	4,035	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	4,145	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	5,990	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	6,255	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	4,720	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,870	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	29,995	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	22,150	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	7,850	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	7,145	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	20,360	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	61.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	15.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,144	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,232	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	249,946	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	282,752	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	9,665	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	17.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	47.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	873	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	908	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	58,220	28,185	30,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	10,780	5,500	5,285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	15,335	7,595	7,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	32,105	15,095	17,015
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	4,885	3,610	1,280
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,435	1,575	860
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	2,455	2,035	420
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	16,720	7,065	9,650
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	800	355	445
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	9,700	4,060	5,640
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	7,075	2,790	4,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	630	260	375
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	285	205	80
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,455	650	805
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	255	155	90
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	37,080	18,185	18,895
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	3,885	2,270	1,615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	9,360	5,000	4,360
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	23,835	10,915	12,920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	3,035	2,240	790
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,515	995	520
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,515	1,250	270
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	12,890	5,440	7,455
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	505	250	255
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	7,405	2,980	4,425
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	5,370	2,060	3,310
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	530	220	315
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	190	130	55
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,100	445	650
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	210	120	85
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	58,220	28,185	30,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	26,115	13,090	13,025
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	2,430	655	1,775
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	2,425	655	1,770
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	910	470	435
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	205	160	45
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	705	305	390
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,240	490	745
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	50	20	30
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	375	105	270
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	265	115	150
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	130	75	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	135	70	60
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	220	90	130
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	50	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	3,295	1,020	2,280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	275	100	180
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	775	95	680
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	445	135	305
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	80	15	65
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	650	180	470
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	1,030	485	545
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	6,065	2,080	3,985
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	965	215	750
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	5,090	1,860	3,230
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	725	370	355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	390	165	225
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	130	75	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	130	90	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	60	35	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	820	565	255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	650	480	170
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	30	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	135	75	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	6,845	6,345	500
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	130	95	30
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	635	515	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,650	1,510	140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,365	1,300	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,980	1,905	70
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	1,085	1,020	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	715	490	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	205	140	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	510	355	155
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	6,280	1,065	5,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	445	220	230
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	5,755	785	4,970
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	80	65	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	2,790	1,540	1,250
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,260	325	935
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	65	55	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	920	640	280
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	540	510	30
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	37,080	18,185	18,895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	13,250	7,275	5,975
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,570	430	1,140
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,570	430	1,135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	710	360	355
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	160	120	40
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	550	240	315
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	770	305	465
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	45	15	30
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	240	65	180
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	155	75	85
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	65	40	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	80	40	40
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	145	70	70
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	2,650	725	1,920
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	215	70	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	640	70	565
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	375	90	285
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	65	0	60
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	530	130	400
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	790	350	440
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	4,780	1,605	3,165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	805	170	635
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	3,960	1,430	2,525
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	530	270	260
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	285	125	160
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	105	60	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	100	60	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	40	25	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	680	465	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	560	425	135
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	25	10	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	95	40	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	4,790	4,415	375
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	85	55	30
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	460	370	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,225	1,110	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	920	870	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	1,320	1,275	45
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	780	740	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	545	365	180
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	135	90	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	410	270	135
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	4,700	795	3,900
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	360	165	205
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	4,280	590	3,690
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	60	45	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	2,105	1,170	940
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	910	245	670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	15	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	730	495	240
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	425	395	30
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	58,220	28,185	30,035
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	26,115	13,095	13,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	32,105	15,095	17,015
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	30,855	14,450	16,410
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	29,315	13,700	15,615
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	1,545	745	800
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	1,250	645	605
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	420	260	155
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	40	0	45
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	80	35	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	245	145	105
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	20	10	0
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	10	0	0
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	445	195	245
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	37,080	18,180	18,895
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	13,245	7,270	5,975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	23,830	10,910	12,920
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	23,010	10,505	12,500
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	21,895	9,965	11,930
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	1,115	540	575
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	820	405	415
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	245	145	95
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	35	0	35
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	70	25	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	130	70	60
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	20	15	0
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	10	0	0
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	320	145	175
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	58,220	28,185	30,035
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	34,970	17,580	17,385
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	31,790	15,730	16,060
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,180	1,855	1,325
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	23,255	10,600	12,655
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	60.1	62.4	57.9
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	54.6	55.8	53.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	9.1	10.6	7.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	58,220	28,180	30,035
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	21,575	9,665	11,910
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	36,645	18,515	18,125
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	18,595	9,980	8,615
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	18,050	8,535	9,510
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.5	42.6	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	34,965	17,585	17,385
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	760	375	385
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	34,205	17,205	16,995
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	30,895	15,155	15,740
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	3,305	2,045	1,260
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	34,965	17,580	17,385
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	760	375	385
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	34,205	17,210	17,000
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	3,450	2,075	1,375
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	4,890	1,305	3,585
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	1,905	1,530	370
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	2,965	550	2,415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	4,680	1,660	3,020
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	765	300	470
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	8,725	3,520	5,210
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	5,375	5,010	365
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	655	560	95
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	795	705	95
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	34,965	17,580	17,385
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	760	375	390
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	34,200	17,205	17,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	320	210	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	800	640	155
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	370	280	90
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	2,420	2,175	250
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	1,755	1,445	310
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	830	625	210
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	4,685	2,075	2,605
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,780	1,355	425
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	450	255	195
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	835	320	510
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	570	370	200
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	1,645	860	780
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	20	15	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,600	885	715
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	3,045	945	2,095
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	5,405	1,025	4,385
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	645	315	330
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	2,620	935	1,685
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,530	725	805
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	2,895	1,755	1,140
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	31,790	15,730	16,060
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	1,750	880	875
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	80	70	10
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	3,510	2,545	960
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	26,445	12,235	14,210
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	26,445	12,240	14,210
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	18,715	8,355	10,360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	3,775	1,730	2,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	3,570	1,845	1,725
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	385	310	75
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	29,955	14,785	15,175
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	23,830	11,950	11,885
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	2,245	900	1,350
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	1,015	380	640
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,070	995	1,075
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	365	280	85
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	420	275	145
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	29,955	14,785	15,175
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	13,600	6,490	7,110
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	11,030	5,275	5,755
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	3,420	1,730	1,690
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	865	505	360
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	1,035	785	255
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	29,955	14,785	15,175
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,190	790	410
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	4,370	2,625	1,750
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	10,015	5,350	4,665
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	7,125	2,735	4,390
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	2,790	1,030	1,755
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	4,460	2,255	2,210
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	37,760	19,045	18,715
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	37,030	18,775	18,250
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	36,960	18,740	18,225
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	35,860	18,410	17,445
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,100	325	775
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	70	35	25
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	70	40	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	30	10	15
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	10	0	10
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	10	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	15	0	15
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	10	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	20	0	15
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	0	10	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	10	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	30	25	10
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	35	20	10
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	20	20	10
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	10	0	10
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	730	265	465
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	700	245	450
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	25	10	0
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	15	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	37,760	19,045	18,715
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	33,225	17,090	16,135
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	635	190	440
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	3,725	1,660	2,065
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	145	85	60
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	120	65	50
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	35	15	15
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	68,110	33,190	34,915
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	58,670	28,665	30,005
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	9,435	4,525	4,910
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	5,795	2,780	3,010
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	3,645	1,740	1,905
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	3,495	1,675	1,825
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	3,075	1,440	1,635
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	425	230	190
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	150	70	80
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	65,430	31,730	33,695
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	41,580	20,360	21,220
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	23,850	11,375	12,480
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	13,465	6,505	6,960
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	10,385	4,870	5,520
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	9,940	4,665	5,280
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	8,905	4,130	4,770
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	1,040	530	505
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	445	200	245