Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chatham Ontario [Population centre]			Nunavut [Territory]
	Data quality , Chatham [Population centre], Ontario Map : Chatham [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Nunavut [Territory] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	43,550	...	...	35,944	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	44,676 ^r	...	...	31,906	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.5	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	19,829	...	...	11,433	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	18,958	...	...	9,819	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,388.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	31.36	...	...	1,877,778.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	43,550	20,580	22,970	35,945	18,390	17,550
0 to 14 years	7,265	3,705	3,560	11,685	5,975	5,710
0 to 4 years	2,280	1,170	1,105	4,155	2,130	2,025
5 to 9 years	2,495	1,260	1,240	4,120	2,130	1,985
10 to 14 years	2,495	1,275	1,220	3,415	1,720	1,700
15 to 64 years	27,020	13,010	14,015	22,895	11,710	11,190
15 to 19 years	2,560	1,275	1,280	3,140	1,600	1,535
20 to 24 years	2,380	1,175	1,200	3,045	1,535	1,510
25 to 29 years	2,350	1,155	1,195	3,185	1,610	1,580
30 to 34 years	2,490	1,145	1,340	2,815	1,390	1,425
35 to 39 years	2,510	1,255	1,255	2,385	1,210	1,180
40 to 44 years	2,410	1,135	1,270	2,030	1,065	965
45 to 49 years	2,630	1,255	1,380	2,065	1,055	1,005
50 to 54 years	3,305	1,570	1,740	1,840	955	890
55 to 59 years	3,340	1,590	1,750	1,405	750	655
60 to 64 years	3,055	1,450	1,600	975	535	440
65 years and over	9,260	3,865	5,395	1,360	710	655
65 to 69 years	2,875	1,305	1,570	655	340	310
70 to 74 years	2,040	940	1,100	345	180	165
75 to 79 years	1,590	685	910	205	110	100
80 to 84 years	1,215	465	755	105	50	50
85 years and over	1,530	470	1,060	55	25	25
85 to 89 years	930	320	610	40	20	25
90 to 94 years	475	125	350	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	120	25	95	5	5	5
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	18.0	15.5	32.5	32.5	32.5
15 to 64 years	62.0	63.2	61.0	63.7	63.7	63.8
65 years and over	21.3	18.8	23.5	3.8	3.9	3.7
85 years and over	3.5	2.3	4.6	0.2	0.1	0.1
Average age of the population	43.2	41.5	44.6	27.7	27.8	27.5
Median age of the population	44.7	42.5	46.4	25.1	25.2	25.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	18,960	...	...	9,820	...	...
Single-detached house	12,190	...	...	4,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,265	...	...	110	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,475	...	...	5,335	...	...
Semi-detached house	890	...	...	875	...	...
Row house	745	...	...	2,960	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	430	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,390	...	...	1,300	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	18,960	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 person	6,370	...	...	1,855	...	...
2 persons	6,695	...	...	1,890	...	...
3 persons	2,595	...	...	1,495	...	...
4 persons	2,170	...	...	1,545	...	...
5 or more persons	1,130	...	...	3,030	...	...
Number of persons in private households	42,320	...	...	35,580	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	36,285	16,875	19,410	24,260	12,415	11,840
Married or living common law	19,685	9,825	9,855	12,895	6,480	6,420
Married	16,260	8,120	8,145	6,625	3,350	3,280
Living common law	3,420	1,710	1,715	6,270	3,130	3,140
Not married and not living common law	16,605	7,050	9,555	11,360	5,935	5,425
Never married	9,370	4,825	4,545	9,790	5,345	4,450
Separated	1,395	555	835	405	185	215
Divorced	2,745	1,065	1,685	440	190	255
Widowed	3,095	600	2,490	720	220	505
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	12,265	...	...	8,780	...	...
2 persons	6,765	...	...	2,825	...	...
3 persons	2,535	...	...	2,145	...	...
4 persons	2,035	...	...	1,690	...	...
5 or more persons	925	...	...	2,115	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	12,265	...	...	8,780	...	...
Total couple families	9,660	...	...	6,225	...	...
Married couples	7,955	...	...	3,095	...	...
Common-law couples	1,705	...	...	3,135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,600	...	...	2,550	...	...
Female parent	2,125	...	...	1,820	...	...
Male parent	480	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,665	...	...	6,230	...	...
Couples without children	5,245	...	...	1,465	...	...
Couples with children	4,415	...	...	4,760	...	...
1 child	1,795	...	...	1,440	...	...
2 children	1,760	...	...	1,400	...	...
3 or more children	855	...	...	1,920	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,605	...	...	2,555	...	...
1 child	1,515	...	...	1,360	...	...
2 children	735	...	...	700	...	...
3 or more children	345	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,095	3,575	4,520	4,475	2,555	1,915
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	18,960	...	...	9,820	...	...
One-census-family households	11,910	...	...	6,355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,115	...	...	1,065	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,795	...	...	5,290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	170	...	...	1,140	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,870	...	...	2,320	...	...
One-person households	6,375	...	...	1,855	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	500	...	...	470	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	43,070	20,410	22,660	35,690	18,200	17,490
English only	39,620	18,905	20,715	32,065	16,345	15,715
French only	40	15	20	60	35	20
English and French	3,220	1,410	1,805	1,525	795	725
Neither English nor French	195	75	115	2,045	1,025	1,025
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	43,065	20,405	22,660	35,690	18,200	17,490
English	41,880	19,870	22,005	32,990	16,795	16,195
French	940	440	500	580	340	240
English and French	65	25	35	90	50	40
Neither English nor French	190	70	115	2,025	1,015	1,015
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	970	455	520	625	365	260
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.2	2.3	1.8	2.0	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	43,070	20,410	22,660	35,695	18,200	17,490
Single responses	42,595	20,185	22,415	34,960	17,830	17,130
Official languages	39,230	18,665	20,565	11,615	6,085	5,530
English	38,170	18,185	19,985	11,020	5,740	5,280
French	1,055	475	580	595	350	240
Non-official languages	3,370	1,520	1,850	23,345	11,740	11,605
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	22,610	11,360	11,250
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	22,600	11,355	11,245
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	495	220	275
Inuktitut	0	0	0	22,070	11,125	10,945
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,370	1,520	1,845	735	380	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	55	45	75	60	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	5	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	50	40	60	45	15
Amharic	0	0	0	20	10	5
Arabic	65	40	25	40	30	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	180	90	95	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	5	0
Vietnamese	180	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50	175	65	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	25	45	135	50	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	30	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	20	5	0	0
Tamil	10	0	5	15	10	5
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,535	1,140	1,395	270	145	120
Albanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	460	190	275	40	30	15
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	455	190	270	45	30	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	55	25	30	5	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	245	105	140	15	15	0
Russian	25	10	15	10	5	5
Serbian	20	15	10	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	20	40	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	795	320	475	70	40	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	5	5	5	0
Dutch	550	220	330	15	5	5
Frisian	15	5	15	0	0	0
German	170	70	105	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	0
Greek	90	40	50	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	300	150	145	85	45	45
Indo-Aryan languages	265	135	135	80	40	35
Bengali	15	5	10	25	15	15
Gujarati	35	20	20	5	0	0
Hindi	30	20	15	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	5
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	125	60	70	25	15	15
Iranian languages	35	15	15	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	875	425	450	60	30	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	305	155	150	5	5	5
Portuguese	345	175	165	5	5	0
Romanian	50	20	30	10	0	5
Spanish	175	75	100	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	35	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	10	20	75	50	30
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	15	10	5
Swahili	5	0	5	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
American Sign Language	10	0	5	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	185	90	95	50	20	30
Chinese languages	170	85	85	50	20	30
Cantonese	80	35	40	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	40	35	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	20	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	5	5	5	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	5
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	30	45	20	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	5	5	5
Hungarian	70	25	40	10	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	470	225	245	735	370	365
English and French	160	80	80	25	10	15
English and non-official language	285	135	155	685	355	335
French and non-official language	5	0	5	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	43,070	20,405	22,660	35,695	18,200	17,490
Single responses	42,380	20,095	22,280	35,085	17,895	17,185
Official languages	41,200	19,550	21,655	17,030	8,660	8,370
English	40,960	19,445	21,515	16,685	8,470	8,215
French	245	105	135	345	190	155
Non-official languages	1,175	545	630	18,055	9,240	8,815
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	17,735	9,070	8,665
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	17,735	9,070	8,665
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	110	45	60
Inuktitut	0	0	0	17,600	9,015	8,590
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,175	545	630	320	165	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	10	30	20	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	10	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	15	5	5
Arabic	25	15	10	15	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	60	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	120	55	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	110	55	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	25	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	10	15	10	5
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	725	335	395	85	50	35
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	55	65	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	55	65	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	45	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	20	30	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	200	95	100	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	180	90	90	45	25	20
Bengali	15	10	5	20	15	10
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	10	0	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	100	50	55	15	5	5
Iranian languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	150	180	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	140	65	75	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	0	5	0
Spanish	90	40	50	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	35	20	15
American Sign Language	10	5	5	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	25	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	55	70	15	5	10
Chinese languages	110	50	60	15	5	10
Cantonese	45	20	25	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	30	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	695	315	380	610	305	305
English and French	105	45	65	20	10	10
English and non-official language	565	260	300	585	290	295
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	20	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	43,070	20,405	22,660	35,690	18,205	17,490
None	40,540	19,270	21,275	17,430	8,995	8,435
English	615	290	325	9,555	4,885	4,670
French	840	345	495	240	130	110
Non-official language	1,035	490	550	8,425	4,175	4,250
Aboriginal	20	10	10	7,990	3,960	4,025
Non-Aboriginal	1,020	475	540	435	215	220
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	5	20	15	10
French and non-official language	20	10	10	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	35,060	16,495	18,565	23,930	12,180	11,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,950	16,020	17,930	22,435	11,345	11,090
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,403	34,885	26,532	29,743	28,817	30,326
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,955	16,015	17,935	22,435	11,345	11,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,101	31,707	24,927	28,635	27,517	29,403
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,350	14,140	15,215	19,220	9,910	9,315
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,280	32,538	22,691	30,583	31,667	29,517
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,230	11,625	14,605	21,890	11,040	10,840
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,430	8,011	8,863	2,524	1,275	4,682
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,475	11,890	11,585	18,590	9,605	8,985
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,723	31,173	24,645	29,724	30,603	28,640
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	34,970	16,425	18,545	23,935	12,175	11,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,845	15,960	17,880	22,435	11,345	11,090
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,287	43,189	33,910	50,689	50,882	50,492
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,860	15,960	17,895	22,435	11,345	11,090
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,141	36,819	29,861	43,247	42,937	43,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,190	14,050	15,140	19,225	9,905	9,310
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,041	41,922	30,584	52,115	53,453	50,693
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,095	11,440	14,655	21,885	11,045	10,845
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,345	8,782	9,784	6,191	4,314	8,103
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,360	11,770	11,590	18,590	9,605	8,980
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,918	40,177	31,592	51,195	52,454	49,849
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	34,970	16,425	18,545	23,930	12,175	11,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	10,470	5,705	4,770	7,580	3,925	3,655
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,375	52,319	43,080	90,230	88,548	91,332
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,662	60,563	49,800	88,321	89,311	87,259
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.6	85.8	76.7	88.1	91.8	84.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.7	68.3	60.5	83.7	87.2	80.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.4	14.2	23.3	11.9	8.3	15.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	35,060	16,490	18,565	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without total income	1,110	475	635	1,495	830	665
With total income	33,950	16,015	17,930	22,435	11,345	11,095
Percentage with total income	96.8	97.1	96.6	93.8	93.1	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,570	2,010	2,565	5,320	3,165	2,155
$10,000 to $19,999	6,565	2,565	3,995	3,350	1,480	1,870
$20,000 to $29,999	5,645	2,280	3,365	2,610	1,135	1,475
$30,000 to $39,999	4,695	2,265	2,425	1,810	840	965
$40,000 to $49,999	3,665	1,785	1,875	1,190	575	610
$50,000 to $59,999	2,510	1,320	1,190	810	400	410
$60,000 to $69,999	1,715	960	750	730	375	360
$70,000 to $79,999	1,230	735	500	735	370	365
$80,000 to $89,999	905	520	385	820	440	380
$90,000 to $99,999	785	420	360	835	375	460
$100,000 and over	1,665	1,150	510	4,230	2,185	2,045
$100,000 to $149,999	1,225	815	410	3,215	1,570	1,645
$150,000 and over	440	335	105	1,010	615	400
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	35,060	16,495	18,565	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without after-tax income	1,105	475	630	1,495	835	665
With after-tax income	33,955	16,015	17,935	22,435	11,345	11,095
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.1	96.6	93.8	93.1	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,705	2,055	2,650	5,335	3,165	2,170
$10,000 to $19,999	6,855	2,690	4,165	3,410	1,530	1,880
$20,000 to $29,999	6,590	2,800	3,790	2,825	1,250	1,570
$30,000 to $39,999	5,415	2,560	2,860	1,920	915	1,005
$40,000 to $49,999	3,740	1,930	1,810	1,270	605	665
$50,000 to $59,999	2,330	1,290	1,045	980	500	485
$60,000 to $69,999	1,520	920	600	1,015	505	510
$70,000 to $79,999	1,065	590	470	1,085	555	530
$80,000 and over	1,740	1,180	565	4,595	2,315	2,280
$80,000 to $89,999	675	410	265	1,095	500	590
$90,000 to $99,999	355	240	110	1,025	480	550
$100,000 and over	710	520	185	2,475	1,335	1,145
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	35,060	16,495	18,565	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without employment income	11,580	4,600	6,985	5,340	2,575	2,770
With employment income	23,475	11,890	11,585	18,590	9,600	8,985
Percentage with employment income	67.0	72.1	62.4	77.7	78.8	76.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,395	2,255	2,135	3,930	1,925	2,000
$5,000 to $9,999	1,950	875	1,075	1,800	875	925
$10,000 to $19,999	3,250	1,390	1,855	2,150	1,135	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	2,825	1,270	1,555	1,440	815	620
$30,000 to $39,999	2,645	1,265	1,380	1,025	580	445
$40,000 to $49,999	2,170	1,070	1,095	815	430	380
$50,000 to $59,999	1,630	920	710	710	350	360
$60,000 to $69,999	1,170	680	490	655	355	295
$70,000 to $79,999	850	520	330	680	360	320
$80,000 and over	2,595	1,650	950	5,390	2,775	2,615
$80,000 to $89,999	655	380	280	755	410	345
$90,000 to $99,999	690	355	335	805	345	460
$100,000 and over	1,250	910	340	3,830	2,020	1,810
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	18,960	...	...	9,820	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,355	...	...	97,441	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,312	...	...	85,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,375	...	...	1,855	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,397	...	...	72,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,309	...	...	61,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,585	...	...	7,965	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,818	...	...	102,778	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,611	...	...	91,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	18,950	...	...	9,815	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,376	...	...	115,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,214	...	...	98,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,385	...	...	1,855	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,246	...	...	79,545	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,797	...	...	65,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,570	...	...	7,965	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,693	...	...	124,267	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,137	...	...	106,628	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	18,960	...	...	9,820	...	...
Under $5,000	170	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	325	...	...	265	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	930	...	...	205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,025	...	...	235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,180	...	...	295	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	980	...	...	300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,085	...	...	325	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,085	...	...	325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,050	...	...	340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	930	...	...	305	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,650	...	...	550	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,395	...	...	520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,220	...	...	435	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,050	...	...	415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	880	...	...	410	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,995	...	...	4,795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,530	...	...	1,070	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	935	...	...	920	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	945	...	...	1,160	...	...
$200,000 and over	595	...	...	1,645	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,960	...	...	9,820	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	325	...	...	270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	950	...	...	210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,060	...	...	240	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,340	...	...	300	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,105	...	...	325	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,225	...	...	330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,245	...	...	350	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,110	...	...	340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,080	...	...	355	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,855	...	...	615	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540	...	...	590	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,300	...	...	560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,030	...	...	575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	840	...	...	565	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,770	...	...	4,100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,305	...	...	1,200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	685	...	...	835	...	...
$150,000 and over	780	...	...	2,070	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,225	...	...	7,705	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,155	...	...	99,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,821	...	...	88,747	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,030	...	...	1,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,328	...	...	162,304	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,731	...	...	136,265	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,465	...	...	4,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,596	...	...	110,476	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,154	...	...	98,481	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,490	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,557	...	...	53,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,968	...	...	52,070	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,200	...	...	7,705	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,042	...	...	121,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,387	...	...	104,373	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,020	...	...	1,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,282	...	...	162,943	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,692	...	...	134,556	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,465	...	...	4,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,570	...	...	132,126	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,500	...	...	113,780	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,455	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,372	...	...	72,190	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,069	...	...	64,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,440	3,275	4,160	2,705	1,580	1,130
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,784	27,264	26,556	61,995	50,048	78,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,044	25,216	24,941	54,496	45,227	66,918
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,435	3,220	4,215	2,705	1,585	1,130
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,759	34,564	34,908	74,013	68,372	81,933
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,528	29,920	30,993	61,196	56,528	67,748
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	42,315	20,195	22,125	35,580	18,135	17,440
In the bottom half of the distribution	25,425	11,775	13,655	19,105	9,740	9,360
In the bottom decile	5,215	2,470	2,745	5,315	2,730	2,590
In the second decile	5,765	2,435	3,335	4,460	2,250	2,210
In the third decile	5,195	2,440	2,760	3,725	1,915	1,815
In the fourth decile	4,910	2,325	2,585	2,865	1,470	1,395
In the fifth decile	4,335	2,100	2,235	2,725	1,380	1,355
In the top half of the distribution	16,895	8,425	8,465	16,475	8,390	8,085
In the sixth decile	3,885	1,900	1,985	2,285	1,195	1,085
In the seventh decile	3,805	1,855	1,945	2,420	1,250	1,175
In the eighth decile	3,515	1,780	1,735	2,555	1,290	1,260
In the ninth decile	3,300	1,650	1,650	3,180	1,635	1,550
In the top decile	2,385	1,240	1,145	6,035	3,020	3,015
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	42,315	20,195	22,125	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	8,795	4,460	4,335	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	2,760	1,400	1,355	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	25,320	12,165	13,155	0	0	0
65 years and over	8,205	3,570	4,630	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,295	3,690	4,600	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,290	1,165	1,125	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	870	445	420	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,870	2,180	2,685	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,135	340	790	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.6	18.3	20.8	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	26.0	26.1	26.0	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	31.5	31.8	31.0	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	19.2	17.9	20.4	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	13.8	9.5	17.1	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,065	1,980	2,080	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	950	505	445	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	390	205	185	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,950	1,430	1,520	0	0	0
65 years and over	165	45	120	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.6	9.8	9.4	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	10.8	11.3	10.3	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.6	13.7	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	11.8	11.6	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.3	2.6	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	42,215	20,100	22,110	35,580	18,135	17,445
Official languages	42,055	20,030	22,025	33,535	17,120	16,420
English	42,010	20,015	21,995	33,485	17,080	16,400
French	3,260	1,370	1,885	1,565	820	745
Non-official languages	3,975	1,835	2,140	28,440	14,375	14,065
Aboriginal languages	25	0	25	27,345	13,815	13,530
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	30	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	27,320	13,805	13,520
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,135	525	615
Inuktitut	0	0	0	26,215	13,305	12,910
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,950	1,825	2,115	1,235	625	605
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	75	65	120	80	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	75	65	85	60	30
Amharic	10	0	0	20	20	0
Arabic	100	60	35	55	45	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	10	10	10
Maltese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	170	85	85	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	85	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	30	80	215	80	130
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	30	80	200	80	125
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	45	50	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	50	20	25	20	15	0
Telugu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,985	1,395	1,590	565	290	275
Albanian	30	10	15	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	540	195	345	75	40	35
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	540	200	340	75	45	35
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	75	35	45	0	10	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	260	100	160	25	15	10
Russian	45	10	35	35	15	20
Serbian	40	25	15	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	15	50	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	845	375	470	150	70	75
Afrikaans	10	10	10	15	10	10
Danish	15	0	10	15	0	0
Dutch	530	235	300	15	0	10
Frisian	40	10	25	0	0	0
German	225	105	115	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	55	25	35	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	80	55	30	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	390	185	205	100	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages	360	170	195	95	50	40
Bengali	35	15	20	30	15	15
Gujarati	60	20	40	10	0	0
Hindi	120	50	70	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	15	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	25	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Urdu	160	85	75	35	20	15
Iranian languages	40	20	20	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,125	595	535	255	125	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	420	230	190	40	20	20
Portuguese	400	200	200	10	10	0
Romanian	35	25	10	10	0	0
Spanish	305	145	160	210	105	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	110	70	40
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	15	0
Swahili	0	0	10	20	15	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	15	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	50	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	145	55	90	135	60	75
American Sign Language	95	35	55	70	35	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	70	30	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	85	75	80	40	40
Chinese languages	140	75	65	75	40	40
Cantonese	105	50	55	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	30	15	30	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	10
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	30	45	20	10	10
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	10	10	10	0
Hungarian	55	30	25	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	42,210	20,100	22,115	35,580	18,140	17,440
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	41,390	19,770	21,630	35,285	17,990	17,290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,580	4,385	4,195	13,480	6,915	6,560
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,815	15,380	17,435	21,805	11,080	10,725
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	820	335	485	300	145	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	42,215	20,100	22,110	35,580	18,140	17,445
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	38,190	18,300	19,895	34,600	17,630	16,980
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,895	1,755	2,140	915	485	435
Before 1981	2,220	990	1,235	155	95	55
1981 to 1990	475	215	260	100	60	40
1991 to 2000	385	185	190	160	85	75
2001 to 2010	520	225	290	335	170	165
2001 to 2005	240	105	140	165	90	70
2006 to 2010	275	130	150	175	80	95
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	295	135	160	165	75	90
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	125	45	80	55	25	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,895	1,755	2,140	920	485	430
Under 5 years	640	280	360	100	50	55
5 to 14 years	810	385	420	160	95	65
15 to 24 years	995	420	570	165	85	75
25 to 44 years	1,305	605	700	435	225	215
45 years and over	145	65	80	55	35	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,890	1,755	2,140	920	485	430
Americas	645	245	405	160	75	85
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	40	20	20	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	10	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	85	65	20	25	10	15
Mexico	35	0	35	0	10	0
Peru	10	0	10	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	15	15	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	350	105	245	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Americas	50	20	30	45	25	25
Europe	2,270	1,055	1,215	195	120	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	115	40	75	25	15	10
Greece	40	25	15	0	0	0
Hungary	25	15	10	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Italy	240	130	110	10	0	10
Netherlands	515	230	285	10	0	0
Poland	185	75	110	15	10	0
Portugal	250	140	110	0	10	0
Romania	35	20	15	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	40	10	25	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	570	225	340	80	50	30
Other places of birth in Europe	180	105	70	30	15	10
Africa	125	60	65	190	110	80
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	10	20	10	10
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	30	10	15
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	25	105	60	40
Asia	840	390	455	370	175	195
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	10	25	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	40	55	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	10	10	0
India	200	95	110	30	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	30	25	10	0	10
Lebanon	30	20	10	15	15	0
Pakistan	45	25	20	30	15	15
Philippines	110	30	80	185	75	110
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	125	70	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	50	60	35	15	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	295	135	165	165	75	90
Americas	70	40	30	35	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaica	40	35	10	0	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	0	10	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	10	10	0
Europe	30	15	15	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	15	15	0	45	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	180	65	115	75	30	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	75	35	35	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	35	50	20	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	42,215	20,100	22,115	35,580	18,135	17,440
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,145	1,855	2,290	1,025	530	495
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,755	3,205	3,555	925	480	445
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	31,315	15,045	16,270	33,630	17,125	16,500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,755	810	950	770	390	380
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	660	320	340	430	210	220
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	260	185	75	230	115	115
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	405	140	265	195	90	110
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	690	285	405	235	115	120
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	370	200	175	105	65	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	42,210	20,105	22,115	35,580	18,140	17,445
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,410	595	810	30,555	15,415	15,140
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,385	590	800	30,495	15,385	15,105
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	780	315	465	190	90	100
Métis	600	265	330	165	85	75
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	30,135	15,205	14,925
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	55	20	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	15	10	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	40,805	19,505	21,300	5,025	2,725	2,300
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	42,215	20,100	22,115	35,580	18,140	17,440
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	445	175	270	165	75	90
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	41,775	19,925	21,845	35,410	18,060	17,355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	42,215	20,105	22,115	35,580	18,135	17,445
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	285	135	145	25,215	12,745	12,470
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	275	125	150	25,025	12,665	12,365
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	195	85	110	100	50	55
Métis single ancestry	80	45	35	40	15	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	24,890	12,600	12,290
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	190	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	165	70	95
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,985	925	1,060	5,205	2,595	2,610
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,935	910	1,025	4,985	2,495	2,495
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,310	630	680	255	140	120
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	605	265	335	65	40	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	4,665	2,315	2,355
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	55	15	35	215	100	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	20	35	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	160	75	85
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	55	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	39,950	19,040	20,910	5,160	2,795	2,365
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	42,215	20,105	22,115	35,580	18,135	17,440
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,060	1,520	1,540	905	450	460
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	500	230	270	115	60	55
Chinese	210	90	115	75	30	45
Black	1,410	770	640	330	180	150
Filipino	145	45	95	230	95	135
Latin American	145	60	85	40	20	20
Arab	125	60	55	40	30	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	220	110	105	30	10	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	20	10	0	10
Korean	110	55	50	10	10	10
Japanese	40	25	10	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	10	35	20	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	100	50	50	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	39,155	18,585	20,575	34,670	17,685	16,985
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	42,215	20,100	22,115	35,580	18,140	17,445
North American Aboriginal origins	2,270	1,060	1,205	30,420	15,340	15,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,565	735	830	690	345	350
Inuit	20	10	10	29,950	15,095	14,855
Métis	745	335	410	185	95	95
Other North American origins	16,365	7,770	8,595	1,815	960	860
Acadian	10	10	0	105	50	55
American	720	320	395	230	120	110
Canadian	15,990	7,615	8,380	1,305	685	630
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	50	30	20	125	70	50
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	50	40	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	31,880	15,145	16,735	8,315	4,345	3,975
British Isles origins	21,240	10,100	11,140	5,815	3,015	2,790
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	13,300	6,420	6,880	1,625	825	800
Irish	8,490	3,790	4,695	1,745	895	850
Manx	0	10	0	10	0	0
Scottish	7,705	3,575	4,130	3,265	1,695	1,575
Welsh	790	325	460	160	85	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	855	405	450	355	200	150
French origins	8,935	4,170	4,765	1,485	785	700
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	8,935	4,170	4,760	1,475	780	695
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,070	4,860	5,205	975	470	505
Austrian	85	55	25	35	25	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,830	870	955	30	20	15
Dutch	5,025	2,350	2,675	190	90	105
Flemish	45	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	4,025	2,000	2,020	745	355	390
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	75	45	25	20	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	545	220	330	675	335	340
Danish	155	55	100	290	145	150
Finnish	75	30	45	50	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	10	25
Norwegian	120	45	70	145	70	80
Swedish	185	75	110	115	65	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	15	10	85	45	40
Eastern European origins	3,910	1,845	2,070	515	260	255
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	440	210	230	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	295	130	165	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	630	295	335	45	20	25
Latvian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,140	530	610	145	90	55
Romanian	360	155	200	20	10	15
Russian	235	100	130	100	60	40
Slovak	235	125	115	15	10	0
Ukrainian	1,035	495	540	190	90	100
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	15	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins	3,085	1,610	1,475	420	215	205
Albanian	45	15	30	10	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	25	45	10	10	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	190	105	80	20	10	0
Italian	1,620	855	760	175	95	85
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	125	55	70	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	745	370	380	115	60	55
Serbian	75	50	25	0	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Spanish	235	125	105	75	35	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	95	50	45	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	125	55	65	345	190	155
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	75	45	35	30	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	10	30	305	170	140
Caribbean origins	320	185	135	95	50	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	200	135	65	40	20	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	0	25	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	30	10	20	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	300	130	175	65	30	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	10	10	0	0
Colombian	50	30	20	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	10	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	15	10	10	10	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	100	50	55	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	55	25	35	10	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	0
African origins	745	365	375	465	255	210
Central and West African origins	20	0	15	65	35	30
Akan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Angolan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	20	15	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	30	10	15	30	15	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	15	15	0	10
Libyan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	45	20	20	80	60	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopian	10	10	10	30	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	10	0	10	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins	660	330	325	285	145	140
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	105	65	35	50	25	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	560	260	295	240	120	120
Asian origins	1,590	765	830	615	280	335
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	280	150	130	100	60	40
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	0	15	10	10	0
Armenian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	10	20	15	0
Iraqi	25	10	20	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	180	100	80	40	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	25	15	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	520	245	270	130	65	65
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	405	190	215	65	35	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	30	15	15	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	50	20	30	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	810	380	435	385	155	225
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	280	125	160	115	50	70
Filipino	170	65	105	245	100	145
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	10	10	0	0
Japanese	50	30	15	15	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	110	55	55	10	0	0
Laotian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	105	100	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	10	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	10	10	10	0
Oceania origins	20	20	0	15	0	0
Australian	15	15	0	10	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	18,955	...	...	9,820	...	...
Owner	12,180	...	...	1,960	...	...
Renter	6,770	...	...	7,860	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
Condominium	795	...	...	265	...	...
Not condominium	18,150	...	...	9,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	2,460	...	...	1,365	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,180	...	...	3,835	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,470	...	...	3,100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,810	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,930	...	...	4,865	...	...
5 rooms	2,455	...	...	2,515	...	...
6 rooms	2,905	...	...	1,435	...	...
7 rooms	2,850	...	...	625	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,815	...	...	380	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
One person or fewer per room	18,885	...	...	7,650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	2,170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	18,950	...	...	9,815	...	...
Suitable	18,480	...	...	6,785	...	...
Not suitable	470	...	...	3,035	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
1960 or before	6,680	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,000	...	...	2,150	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,950	...	...	1,995	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,860	...	...	2,095	...	...
2001 to 2005	695	...	...	860	...	...
2006 to 2010	475	...	...	1,285	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	290	...	...	1,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	17,685	...	...	7,255	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,265	...	...	2,560	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,170	...	...	6,830	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,565	...	...	2,780	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	220	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	18,950	...	...	9,820	...	...
15 to 24 years	715	...	...	400	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,465	...	...	2,480	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,645	...	...	2,370	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,595	...	...	2,285	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,900	...	...	1,460	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,040	...	...	610	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,835	...	...	180	...	...
85 years and over	760	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,925	...	...	9,810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,450	...	...	9,240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,475	...	...	570	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,175	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,170	...	...	1,955	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.7	...	...	60.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	830	...	...	1,497	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	956	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	167,665	...	...	300,924	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	184,252	...	...	352,070	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,770	...	...	7,860	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.6	...	...	83.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.7	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	747	...	...	281	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	761	...	...	736	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	34,970	16,425	18,545	23,935	12,175	11,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,890	3,955	3,935	12,140	6,175	5,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,620	5,140	5,475	3,615	1,825	1,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,470	7,335	9,135	8,175	4,170	4,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,080	1,425	655	1,840	1,450	385
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	920	565	355	1,140	835	305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,160	855	300	695	615	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,160	3,600	5,555	3,580	1,530	2,050
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	465	215	245	215	95	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,770	2,090	2,675	2,545	1,095	1,445
Bachelor's degree	3,600	1,550	2,045	1,680	710	970
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	340	130	210	90	45	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	65	40	25	10	15
Master's degree	685	330	350	700	305	395
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	20	25	50	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	21,870	10,475	11,395	16,485	8,395	8,090
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,185	1,805	1,385	6,750	3,435	3,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,390	3,255	3,140	2,405	1,265	1,140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,295	5,420	6,875	7,325	3,690	3,635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,320	890	430	1,595	1,255	335
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	560	345	210	995	725	265
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	760	545	215	600	530	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,130	2,820	4,305	3,185	1,345	1,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280	145	135	200	85	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,560	1,565	2,000	2,355	1,005	1,345
Bachelor's degree	2,685	1,165	1,520	1,545	645	895
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260	90	170	75	40	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	95	55	40	25	10	15
Master's degree	480	230	250	665	295	375
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	25	20	45	25	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	34,975	16,430	18,545	23,930	12,180	11,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,505	9,100	9,410	15,755	8,005	7,745
Education	1,140	355	785	1,005	290	715
13. Education	1,140	350	790	1,010	295	715
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405	185	225	195	110	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	40	15	35	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	350	140	205	160	85	75
Humanities	700	320	375	370	155	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	15	15	105	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	205	60	145	60	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	70	80	75	35	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	40	25	25	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	135	75	60	40	30	10
54. History	100	65	30	60	40	25
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	25	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,210	570	1,640	1,010	320	690
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	180	45	135
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	60	75	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,020	145	875	310	20	290
22. Legal professions and studies	200	70	135	130	60	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	20	25	0	25
42. Psychology	310	70	235	60	25	35
45. Social sciences	500	215	280	250	140	110
Business, management and public administration	3,150	1,190	1,960	1,655	555	1,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	50	200	210	55	155
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,890	1,145	1,750	1,445	500	950
Physical and life sciences and technologies	350	195	150	210	110	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	70	60	70	30	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	40	60	70	35	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	85	10	30	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	40	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	575	395	180	175	105	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	430	315	110	140	90	50
25. Library science	40	0	40	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	55	30	20	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,935	2,765	165	1,620	1,475	145
04. Architecture and related services	85	70	15	45	30	15
14. Engineering	290	230	60	105	90	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	655	605	55	310	255	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	555	540	20	715	680	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	805	800	0	365	350	15
48. Precision production	540	525	15	75	75	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	270	120	215	155	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	275	180	90	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	115	90	25	195	150	50
Health and related fields	3,355	540	2,820	750	195	560
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	255	140	110	110	65	40
51. Health professions and related programs	3,070	380	2,685	645	125	520
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	15	20	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,250	545	710	980	710	270
12. Personal and culinary services	675	100	570	315	110	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	390	270	125	160	130	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	150	15	505	465	40
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	21,870	10,475	11,400	16,480	8,395	8,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,580	5,055	4,520	9,155	4,700	4,455
Education	725	220	510	905	260	650
13. Education	725	220	510	905	260	650
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	325	145	180	170	95	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	30	15	30	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	285	115	170	140	75	70
Humanities	470	230	240	320	130	190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	95	15	75
23. English language and literature/letters	125	45	75	60	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	105	40	65	60	30	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	50	45	30	25	10
54. History	80	55	30	45	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,730	455	1,280	900	280	615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	140	40	100
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	50	65	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	835	130	705	280	20	265
22. Legal professions and studies	175	60	115	120	55	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	10	25	10	20
42. Psychology	210	40	170	55	15	35
45. Social sciences	360	160	195	230	125	105
Business, management and public administration	2,435	905	1,535	1,510	495	1,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	225	40	185	190	50	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,205	865	1,340	1,325	450	875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	260	145	110	185	95	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	60	40	65	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	30	35	65	25	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	50	0	30	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	0	35	30	25	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	460	305	150	160	95	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	370	270	100	135	85	50
25. Library science	25	0	25	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	25	30	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	15	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,130	1,985	145	1,410	1,285	125
04. Architecture and related services	70	55	15	45	25	15
14. Engineering	245	195	55	100	80	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	485	440	45	275	230	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	375	355	20	635	595	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	525	520	10	305	290	10
48. Precision production	430	420	10	60	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	180	90	190	140	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	180	110	75	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	75	15	175	135	45
Health and related fields	2,530	430	2,100	690	180	510
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	185	105	80	100	65	35
51. Health professions and related programs	2,320	310	2,010	590	115	480
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	15	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	955	425	525	865	625	245
12. Personal and culinary services	495	85	415	280	100	185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	305	205	100	140	115	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	130	15	445	410	35
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	34,970	16,425	18,545	23,930	12,175	11,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,505	9,095	9,405	15,755	8,005	7,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	16,465	7,330	9,135	8,175	4,170	4,010
Location of study inside Canada	15,245	6,680	8,570	7,645	3,900	3,745
Same as province or territory of residence	14,780	6,465	8,320	3,330	1,485	1,850
Different than province or territory of residence	460	215	250	4,310	2,415	1,895
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,220	655	565	535	270	265
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	410	235	175	120	60	55
Philippines	45	15	30	135	45	85
India	95	50	50	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	170	105	65	70	40	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	485	235	245	180	105	75
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	21,870	10,470	11,395	16,480	8,395	8,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,580	5,055	4,525	9,155	4,700	4,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,295	5,420	6,875	7,325	3,690	3,635
Location of study inside Canada	11,510	5,035	6,475	6,840	3,445	3,390
Same as province or territory of residence	11,165	4,860	6,300	2,975	1,290	1,680
Different than province or territory of residence	345	170	175	3,860	2,150	1,710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	790	390	400	490	245	240
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	265	145	115	105	55	45
Philippines	40	15	25	120	40	80
India	90	40	50	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	35	40	60	35	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	305	140	165	170	95	75
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	34,970	16,425	18,545	23,935	12,180	11,755
In the labour force	20,565	10,290	10,275	16,340	8,515	7,820
Employed	18,840	9,280	9,555	12,820	6,430	6,395
Unemployed	1,725	1,010	715	3,515	2,090	1,425
Not in the labour force	14,405	6,135	8,275	7,590	3,660	3,935
Participation rate	58.8	62.6	55.4	68.3	69.9	66.5
Employment rate	53.9	56.5	51.5	53.6	52.8	54.4
Unemployment rate	8.4	9.8	7.0	21.5	24.5	18.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	34,970	16,425	18,545	23,935	12,175	11,755
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,730	5,860	7,875	7,420	3,600	3,815
Worked	21,240	10,570	10,670	16,515	8,575	7,935
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10,695	5,855	4,840	7,760	4,035	3,720
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	10,545	4,715	5,830	8,755	4,540	4,215
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	42.7	42.6	38.0	37.6	38.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	20,565	10,290	10,275	16,335	8,520	7,825
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	580	290	290	1,385	740	650
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	19,990	10,005	9,985	14,955	7,780	7,170
Employee	18,275	8,980	9,295	14,505	7,485	7,020
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,710	1,020	685	445	295	150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20,565	10,295	10,270	16,340	8,515	7,825
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	580	290	290	1,390	735	650
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	19,990	10,005	9,985	14,955	7,780	7,170
0 Management occupations	1,775	1,005	770	1,400	850	550
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,655	820	1,830	2,205	610	1,590
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	990	790	195	455	355	100
3 Health occupations	1,705	285	1,420	450	65	385
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,290	680	1,605	3,310	1,045	2,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	310	145	170	570	285	285
6 Sales and service occupations	5,655	2,230	3,430	3,505	1,690	1,815
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,685	2,540	150	2,565	2,435	130
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	490	365	120	300	275	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,420	1,145	280	205	165	45
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20,565	10,295	10,275	16,340	8,515	7,820
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	580	295	290	1,385	735	650
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	19,985	10,000	9,985	14,955	7,780	7,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	540	375	165	155	145	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	50	10	595	440	160
22 Utilities	610	365	240	285	240	40
23 Construction	1,120	985	140	930	815	115
31-33 Manufacturing	2,175	1,735	440	150	100	50
41 Wholesale trade	655	485	170	105	80	25
44-45 Retail trade	2,625	1,155	1,470	1,720	835	885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	850	685	160	795	625	175
51 Information and cultural industries	410	250	160	195	110	85
52 Finance and insurance	475	170	305	115	30	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	300	165	130	495	335	165
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	645	345	295	290	155	135
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,375	680	695	385	245	135
61 Educational services	1,290	385	905	1,840	520	1,315
62 Health care and social assistance	2,940	445	2,490	1,245	220	1,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	325	165	160	285	175	110
72 Accommodation and food services	1,640	635	1,005	565	220	345
81 Other services (except public administration)	850	405	440	460	255	205
91 Public administration	1,105	515	590	4,345	2,240	2,105
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	18,840	9,280	9,555	12,820	6,425	6,395
Worked at home	780	365	410	385	215	170
Worked outside Canada	50	40	15	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,605	1,135	470	945	815	135
Worked at usual place	16,405	7,740	8,660	11,485	5,395	6,090
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	16,405	7,740	8,665	11,485	5,395	6,090
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	14,965	6,835	8,140	11,050	5,110	5,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	0	10	350	235	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,395	890	500	30	20	10
Commute to a different province or territory	30	20	10	50	35	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	18,015	8,875	9,135	12,430	6,210	6,225
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,995	7,410	7,590	3,605	2,135	1,470
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,365	600	765	2,225	1,045	1,175
Public transit	325	130	200	105	50	50
Walked	920	465	455	5,495	2,395	3,100
Bicycle	220	180	40	20	15	10
Other method	180	90	90	995	565	430
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	18,015	8,875	9,135	12,430	6,210	6,225
Less than 15 minutes	10,960	4,795	6,165	10,585	5,255	5,330
15 to 29 minutes	4,105	2,195	1,910	1,330	625	705
30 to 44 minutes	1,555	900	655	145	60	80
45 to 59 minutes	605	420	185	60	45	20
60 minutes and over	790	570	220	315	230	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	18,015	8,875	9,135	12,430	6,210	6,220
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,175	750	425	135	110	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,100	1,950	1,145	580	425	160
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,765	2,525	2,235	2,060	1,365	690
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,685	1,265	2,420	6,595	2,860	3,735
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,990	740	1,250	1,545	765	780
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,295	1,640	1,655	1,510	685	830
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	21,905	10,885	11,020	17,000	8,780	8,215
Single responses	21,815	10,835	10,980	16,715	8,635	8,080
Official languages	21,770	10,820	10,955	12,215	6,465	5,745
English	21,605	10,770	10,830	12,145	6,430	5,710
French	170	45	120	70	40	35
Non-official languages	45	20	25	4,500	2,170	2,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,475	2,155	2,320
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	4,475	2,160	2,320
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuktitut	0	0	0	4,450	2,155	2,300
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	15	30	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	0	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	55	40	285	145	140
English and French	55	30	25	15	10	10
English and non-official language	40	20	20	270	135	135
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	21,910	10,885	11,020	17,000	8,780	8,220
None	21,425	10,710	10,715	7,360	4,060	3,295
English	90	25	65	3,665	1,705	1,960
French	250	95	160	355	210	140
Non-official language	135	60	80	5,560	2,770	2,785
Aboriginal	0	0	10	5,520	2,760	2,765
Non-Aboriginal	130	60	75	40	10	25
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	41,790	19,875	21,920	34,880	17,750	17,125
Non-movers	36,755	17,460	19,295	29,485	15,105	14,375
Movers	5,035	2,405	2,630	5,400	2,640	2,750
Non-migrants	3,780	1,780	2,000	3,560	1,760	1,800
Migrants	1,250	625	625	1,835	885	955
Internal migrants	1,125	580	545	1,785	865	925
Intraprovincial migrants	1,040	535	505	795	380	415
Interprovincial migrants	80	45	30	990	480	510
External migrants	135	45	85	50	20	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	39,900	18,865	21,040	31,435	16,015	15,420
Non-movers	25,795	12,280	13,520	18,455	9,575	8,880
Movers	14,110	6,590	7,520	12,975	6,440	6,535
Non-migrants	10,790	5,050	5,740	8,745	4,355	4,395
Migrants	3,320	1,535	1,780	4,235	2,085	2,150
Internal migrants	2,925	1,365	1,560	4,045	2,005	2,040
Intraprovincial migrants	2,605	1,240	1,365	1,510	755	755
Interprovincial migrants	310	125	190	2,535	1,250	1,285
External migrants	400	170	225	185	80	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chatham [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chatham [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chatham [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]