Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Durham Ontario [Population centre]			Côte-Saint-Luc, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Durham [Population centre], Ontario Map : Durham [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,609	...	...	32,448	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,635 ^r	...	...	32,321	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.0	...	...	0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,196	...	...	14,376	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,152	...	...	13,490	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	810.7	...	...	4,662.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.22	...	...	6.96	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,610	1,265	1,345	32,450	14,910	17,540
0 to 14 years	370	195	175	5,655	2,895	2,755
0 to 4 years	115	60	55	1,885	960	920
5 to 9 years	120	55	55	2,025	1,050	970
10 to 14 years	140	75	60	1,745	885	865
15 to 64 years	1,455	745	715	17,305	8,195	9,110
15 to 19 years	130	75	50	1,635	830	810
20 to 24 years	115	65	50	1,580	815	765
25 to 29 years	130	60	70	1,440	700	740
30 to 34 years	125	65	65	1,650	730	925
35 to 39 years	130	55	70	2,075	955	1,120
40 to 44 years	135	70	60	1,935	915	1,015
45 to 49 years	155	75	75	1,770	855	915
50 to 54 years	170	95	75	1,680	790	890
55 to 59 years	185	80	100	1,660	785	880
60 to 64 years	185	90	90	1,880	825	1,055
65 years and over	780	325	455	9,485	3,810	5,670
65 to 69 years	205	85	125	2,195	975	1,225
70 to 74 years	185	90	95	1,870	795	1,075
75 to 79 years	140	55	80	1,610	665	940
80 to 84 years	120	50	65	1,465	560	900
85 years and over	135	50	85	2,345	820	1,525
85 to 89 years	80	35	45	1,205	470	735
90 to 94 years	45	15	35	845	265	575
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	250	70	180
100 years and over	0	0	0	45	10	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.2	15.4	13.0	17.4	19.4	15.7
15 to 64 years	55.7	58.9	53.2	53.3	55.0	51.9
65 years and over	29.9	25.7	33.8	29.2	25.6	32.3
85 years and over	5.2	4.0	6.3	7.2	5.5	8.7
Average age of the population	47.6	45.3	49.7	45.8	43.3	47.9
Median age of the population	50.6	47.3	53.4	45.7	42.8	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,155	...	...	13,490	...	...
Single-detached house	800	...	...	1,980	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	7,195	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	350	...	...	4,310	...	...
Semi-detached house	35	...	...	1,500	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	700	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	710	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	215	...	...	1,400	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,155	...	...	13,490	...	...
1 person	390	...	...	4,705	...	...
2 persons	440	...	...	4,155	...	...
3 persons	160	...	...	1,865	...	...
4 persons	105	...	...	1,670	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	1,095	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,480	...	...	31,430	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,240	1,070	1,170	26,790	12,015	14,780
Married or living common law	1,235	615	620	15,070	7,485	7,585
Married	1,040	520	525	14,100	7,005	7,095
Living common law	190	95	95	975	485	490
Not married and not living common law	1,005	450	550	11,715	4,525	7,195
Never married	480	290	190	6,315	3,205	3,105
Separated	110	50	65	515	190	330
Divorced	150	60	90	2,140	730	1,410
Widowed	265	50	210	2,745	400	2,345
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	735	...	...	8,610	...	...
2 persons	445	...	...	4,160	...	...
3 persons	155	...	...	1,830	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	1,645	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	975	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	730	...	...	8,615	...	...
Total couple families	595	...	...	7,250	...	...
Married couples	500	...	...	6,765	...	...
Common-law couples	95	...	...	485	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	135	...	...	1,360	...	...
Female parent	110	...	...	1,160	...	...
Male parent	30	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	595	...	...	7,255	...	...
Couples without children	360	...	...	3,320	...	...
Couples with children	235	...	...	3,935	...	...
1 child	105	...	...	1,445	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	1,535	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,360	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	840	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	515	230	285	5,645	1,945	3,700
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,155	...	...	13,490	...	...
One-census-family households	715	...	...	8,415	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	355	...	...	3,245	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	360	...	...	5,170	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	95	...	...
Non-census-family households	425	...	...	4,980	...	...
One-person households	395	...	...	4,705	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	275	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,505	1,230	1,280	31,770	14,690	17,085
English only	2,425	1,200	1,220	8,580	3,550	5,030
French only	0	0	0	2,275	1,005	1,270
English and French	85	30	60	20,260	9,840	10,420
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	660	295	365
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,505	1,230	1,280	31,770	14,685	17,080
English	2,490	1,220	1,270	19,520	8,950	10,565
French	15	5	10	8,030	3,755	4,280
English and French	0	0	0	3,575	1,700	1,880
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	645	285	360
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	10	10	21,305	9,805	11,505
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.8	0.8	67.1	66.8	67.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,510	1,230	1,275	31,770	14,690	17,080
Single responses	2,500	1,230	1,270	30,360	14,040	16,315
Official languages	2,420	1,190	1,225	18,905	8,735	10,175
English	2,400	1,180	1,215	12,855	5,905	6,945
French	15	10	10	6,050	2,830	3,225
Non-official languages	80	35	45	11,450	5,310	6,140
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	35	45	11,450	5,310	6,140
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,485	775	710
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,470	765	700
Amharic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Arabic	0	0	0	495	245	245
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	940	505	435
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	560	180	375
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	450	140	310
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	30	45	7,875	3,665	4,210
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	25	5	15
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	2,945	1,365	1,585
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slavic languages	5	5	0	2,925	1,355	1,565
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	275	135	140
Croatian	0	5	0	5	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	230	85	145
Russian	0	0	0	2,180	1,020	1,155
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	35	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	125	65	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	800	315	485
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	5	15	160	50	110
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	605	255	355
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	105	55	50
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,595	785	815
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	165	75	95
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hindi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,425	705	715
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,405	700	710
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	10	2,405	1,145	1,260
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	655	310	345
Portuguese	0	0	0	135	65	70
Romanian	0	0	0	880	415	470
Spanish	10	5	5	725	350	375
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	280	135	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	390	185	200
Chinese languages	5	0	0	390	185	205
Cantonese	0	0	0	115	55	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	0	5	0	235	110	120
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	50	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	65	35	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages	5	5	5	455	175	275
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	440	170	270
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	10	5	5	1,415	650	765
English and French	0	0	5	460	220	245
English and non-official language	5	5	5	510	210	300
French and non-official language	5	0	0	260	125	135
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	185	95	95
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,505	1,230	1,275	31,770	14,690	17,085
Single responses	2,490	1,225	1,265	29,130	13,495	15,635
Official languages	2,480	1,225	1,260	22,385	10,270	12,115
English	2,475	1,220	1,260	17,435	7,905	9,525
French	5	0	5	4,955	2,365	2,590
Non-official languages	10	5	10	6,745	3,225	3,520
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	6,745	3,225	3,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	635	315	320
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	630	310	320
Amharic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	215	100	115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	395	200	200
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	270	110	155
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	250	100	150
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	4,930	2,390	2,545
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,075	1,150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	2,215	1,075	1,145
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	240	120	125
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	60	25	35
Russian	0	0	0	1,795	870	925
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	40	15	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,380	680	695
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	100	45	50
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,275	630	645
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,265	630	635
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	5	0	1,250	595	655
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	180	85	100
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	40	45
Romanian	0	0	0	615	295	325
Spanish	0	0	0	360	175	185
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	240	110	125
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	320	155	165
Chinese languages	0	0	0	320	155	165
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	210	100	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	140	50	85
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	140	55	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	20	5	10	2,645	1,195	1,450
English and French	5	0	0	795	370	430
English and non-official language	15	5	10	1,065	475	595
French and non-official language	0	0	0	380	165	215
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	395	185	210
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,510	1,230	1,275	31,770	14,690	17,085
None	2,475	1,215	1,255	22,665	10,395	12,265
English	5	0	0	2,910	1,385	1,525
French	10	0	5	2,445	1,195	1,250
Non-official language	30	10	15	2,825	1,255	1,570
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	15	2,820	1,255	1,570
English and French	0	0	0	455	205	255
English and non-official language	0	0	0	155	80	75
French and non-official language	0	0	5	295	150	145
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,105	1,025	1,090	25,770	11,700	14,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,030	980	1,050	24,775	11,225	13,550
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,392	32,368	23,177	31,245	33,280	30,034
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,030	980	1,050	24,780	11,230	13,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,716	29,248	22,669	28,750	30,238	27,797
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,720	845	870	22,055	10,105	11,955
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,520	30,656	17,515	27,171	31,264	24,082
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,630	740	890	20,490	8,660	11,825
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,732	9,984	11,290	9,159	5,683	10,689
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,255	655	600	15,420	7,670	7,745
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,320	33,648	22,848	26,075	29,403	23,621
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,195	1,085	1,115	25,750	11,670	14,085
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,110	1,040	1,070	24,750	11,190	13,560
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,955	38,864	29,185	51,547	61,769	43,107
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,110	1,040	1,070	24,750	11,190	13,560
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,991	33,806	26,282	40,692	47,172	35,343
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,825	915	905	21,900	10,000	11,900
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,930	35,893	23,912	49,309	62,002	38,641
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,700	785	920	20,565	8,705	11,860
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,077	9,680	10,416	9,528	8,188	10,512
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,335	690	650	15,410	7,715	7,690
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,302	37,448	24,722	44,697	54,701	34,664
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,200	1,085	1,115	25,750	11,665	14,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	700	425	270	6,225	3,555	2,670
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	39,045	42,654	32,935	47,642	50,407	44,746
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	43,509	47,634	36,982	66,828	76,584	53,818
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	75.1	80.9	68.2	84.6	89.8	78.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.0	66.7	52.1	53.3	59.8	45.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	24.9	19.0	32.3	15.4	10.2	21.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,110	1,025	1,085	25,775	11,700	14,075
Without total income	80	45	35	995	470	525
With total income	2,030	980	1,050	24,775	11,225	13,550
Percentage with total income	96.2	95.6	96.8	96.1	95.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	235	100	135	3,700	1,825	1,870
$10,000 to $19,999	435	165	270	4,425	1,830	2,595
$20,000 to $29,999	430	185	245	3,845	1,545	2,300
$30,000 to $39,999	310	135	175	2,855	1,180	1,675
$40,000 to $49,999	230	120	110	2,260	865	1,400
$50,000 to $59,999	135	85	50	1,705	715	990
$60,000 to $69,999	95	70	30	1,295	565	730
$70,000 to $79,999	50	30	15	955	455	500
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	715	340	380
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	10	540	275	265
$100,000 and over	50	45	10	2,475	1,630	850
$100,000 to $149,999	40	30	5	1,280	785	495
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	1,195	845	350
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,110	1,020	1,085	25,770	11,700	14,070
Without after-tax income	80	45	35	995	475	525
With after-tax income	2,030	980	1,055	24,780	11,230	13,555
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.1	97.2	96.2	96.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	240	105	140	3,815	1,865	1,955
$10,000 to $19,999	460	175	280	4,620	1,915	2,705
$20,000 to $29,999	500	225	275	4,430	1,800	2,635
$30,000 to $39,999	330	155	175	3,510	1,420	2,095
$40,000 to $49,999	235	135	105	2,505	995	1,510
$50,000 to $59,999	120	80	40	1,685	765	925
$60,000 to $69,999	50	35	15	1,135	540	595
$70,000 to $79,999	40	25	15	750	410	340
$80,000 and over	50	40	10	2,320	1,525	795
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	530	310	220
$90,000 to $99,999	5	10	0	350	215	135
$100,000 and over	20	15	0	1,440	995	440
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,110	1,025	1,085	25,770	11,700	14,075
Without employment income	855	365	490	10,355	4,030	6,330
With employment income	1,255	660	595	15,420	7,670	7,745
Percentage with employment income	59.5	64.4	54.8	59.8	65.6	55.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	195	95	100	2,555	1,220	1,335
$5,000 to $9,999	115	40	70	1,375	635	740
$10,000 to $19,999	165	75	95	2,470	1,095	1,375
$20,000 to $29,999	180	85	95	2,060	950	1,115
$30,000 to $39,999	200	90	110	1,575	710	865
$40,000 to $49,999	135	80	55	1,155	520	640
$50,000 to $59,999	90	70	25	915	460	460
$60,000 to $69,999	65	45	15	630	325	305
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	590	290	300
$80,000 and over	85	65	20	2,095	1,475	620
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	5	375	220	155
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	300	200	100
$100,000 and over	40	35	5	1,420	1,055	365
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,150	...	...	13,490	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	48,640	...	...	58,935	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,632	...	...	52,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...	4,705	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,939	...	...	33,506	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,288	...	...	30,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	755	...	...	8,785	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,254	...	...	79,265	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,878	...	...	69,333	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,195	...	...	13,490	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,091	...	...	94,570	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,074	...	...	74,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	370	...	...	4,695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,498	...	...	52,525	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,371	...	...	41,455	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	825	...	...	8,790	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,928	...	...	117,032	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,165	...	...	92,393	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,155	...	...	13,490	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	300	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	210	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	415	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	690	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	780	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	660	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	720	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	670	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	640	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	645	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	100	...	...	1,115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	955	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	710	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...	635	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 and over	165	...	...	3,810	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	1,000	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	705	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	865	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	1,235	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,150	...	...	13,490	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	330	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	225	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	420	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	710	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	840	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	745	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	870	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	835	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	745	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	725	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	1,265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	105	...	...	975	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	815	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	635	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	530	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	2,830	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	610	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	1,280	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	730	...	...	8,625	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,254	...	...	79,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,827	...	...	69,620	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	3,205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	82,153	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,832	...	...	69,925	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	240	...	...	3,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,763	...	...	93,673	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,520	...	...	81,792	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,305	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,440	...	...	48,603	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,624	...	...	45,312	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	795	...	...	8,645	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,740	...	...	117,785	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,995	...	...	92,881	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...	3,200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,905	...	...	127,133	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,332	...	...	97,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	275	...	...	3,915	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,893	...	...	131,693	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,198	...	...	104,709	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	1,355	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,221	...	...	61,527	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,591	...	...	52,225	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	465	215	250	5,160	1,780	3,380
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,640	27,648	23,360	31,835	30,217	32,576
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,984	25,685	22,891	29,282	27,883	30,120
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	470	230	230	5,115	1,760	3,355
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,014	30,909	29,117	50,397	51,634	49,747
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,937	27,272	26,602	39,956	40,508	39,666
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,480	1,220	1,260	31,430	14,600	16,830
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,705	800	905	17,720	7,985	9,740
In the bottom decile	245	125	120	3,555	1,620	1,945
In the second decile	440	180	260	3,950	1,705	2,245
In the third decile	400	195	205	4,045	1,850	2,200
In the fourth decile	330	160	165	3,465	1,575	1,885
In the fifth decile	300	140	150	2,710	1,235	1,465
In the top half of the distribution	775	415	360	13,710	6,615	7,095
In the sixth decile	260	145	115	2,575	1,180	1,395
In the seventh decile	205	105	100	2,440	1,150	1,290
In the eighth decile	130	70	55	2,315	1,155	1,160
In the ninth decile	145	75	65	2,555	1,245	1,305
In the top decile	40	20	15	3,825	1,885	1,940
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,480	1,220	1,265	31,430	14,600	16,830
0 to 17 years	445	245	205	6,665	3,415	3,250
0 to 5 years	150	75	70	2,265	1,165	1,105
18 to 64 years	1,370	690	675	16,260	7,655	8,600
65 years and over	665	280	380	8,505	3,530	4,980
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	470	215	260	5,670	2,530	3,140
0 to 17 years	100	50	45	1,300	680	620
0 to 5 years	45	20	20	425	230	195
18 to 64 years	245	120	125	3,175	1,455	1,715
65 years and over	125	35	90	1,195	395	800
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	17.6	20.6	18.0	17.3	18.7
0 to 17 years (%)	22.5	20.4	22.0	19.5	19.9	19.1
0 to 5 years (%)	30.0	26.7	28.6	18.8	19.7	17.6
18 to 64 years (%)	17.9	17.4	18.5	19.5	19.0	19.9
65 years and over (%)	18.8	12.5	23.7	14.1	11.2	16.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	90	70	4,215	1,870	2,345
0 to 17 years	30	20	10	950	475	475
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	310	165	145
18 to 64 years	125	70	55	2,500	1,155	1,350
65 years and over	5	0	5	760	235	525
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.5	7.4	5.5	13.4	12.8	13.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	8.2	4.9	14.3	13.9	14.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	13.3	14.3	13.7	14.2	13.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	10.1	8.1	15.4	15.1	15.7
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.0	1.3	8.9	6.7	10.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,655	1,315	1,340	31,430	14,600	16,830
Official languages	2,655	1,320	1,340	30,720	14,275	16,450
English	2,655	1,320	1,335	28,575	13,245	15,330
French	90	45	50	22,305	10,845	11,460
Non-official languages	115	65	45	17,290	7,990	9,300
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	65	50	17,290	7,985	9,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5,560	2,770	2,795
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	5,555	2,765	2,790
Amharic	0	0	0	60	20	35
Arabic	0	0	0	1,135	570	565
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	4,550	2,285	2,265
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	45	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	915	275	645
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	0	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	15	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	895	260	635
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	80	25	55
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	10	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	25	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	30	20	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	65	40	10,650	4,945	5,710
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	3,485	1,665	1,825
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	3,480	1,660	1,825
Belarusan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	230	120	110
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	35	0	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	225	100	120
Russian	0	0	0	2,990	1,415	1,580
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	50	35	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	320	140	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	50	20	1,775	715	1,065
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	35	25	15	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	35	15	380	190	190
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,410	535	875
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	165	85	80
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	0	1,885	960	925
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hindi	0	0	0	115	55	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	50	30	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,620	835	790
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,615	835	780
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	3,975	1,845	2,130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	1,045	510	535
Portuguese	0	0	0	160	90	70
Romanian	0	0	0	1,200	530	670
Spanish	10	10	10	1,745	795	950
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	310	165	145
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	80	45	30
Mongolian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	20	10	20
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	30	15	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	475	220	255
Chinese languages	0	0	0	475	220	255
Cantonese	0	0	0	115	55	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	400	185	210
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	150	75	75
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	130	65	70
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	505	160	345
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	505	160	345
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,655	1,320	1,340	31,430	14,600	16,835
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,605	1,300	1,300	27,355	12,680	14,680
Canadian citizens aged under 18	510	265	245	5,820	2,945	2,875
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,090	1,035	1,055	21,535	9,735	11,800
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	55	15	35	4,075	1,915	2,155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,660	1,320	1,340	31,430	14,600	16,830
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,530	1,265	1,265	16,550	7,910	8,645
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	120	50	70	14,090	6,295	7,795
Before 1981	70	30	35	5,035	2,120	2,915
1981 to 1990	15	0	10	1,450	705	745
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	1,570	650	920
2001 to 2010	10	10	10	3,220	1,445	1,770
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,340	595	740
2006 to 2010	15	10	10	1,880	850	1,030
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	15	2,820	1,380	1,440
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	780	390	390
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	125	50	70	14,095	6,300	7,795
Under 5 years	10	0	0	1,395	695	705
5 to 14 years	25	15	10	2,370	1,095	1,275
15 to 24 years	50	15	30	2,455	1,120	1,335
25 to 44 years	30	10	20	6,830	2,940	3,895
45 years and over	10	0	0	1,045	455	590
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	120	50	70	14,095	6,300	7,795
Americas	35	10	25	1,365	505	865
Brazil	0	0	0	40	20	20
Colombia	0	0	0	65	30	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	50	15	35
Haiti	0	0	0	50	15	35
Jamaica	0	0	0	95	30	65
Mexico	0	0	0	105	40	65
Peru	0	0	0	35	20	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	75	20	55
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	10	25	325	110	215
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	515	195	325
Europe	85	40	45	5,100	2,260	2,840
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	400	195	210
Germany	0	0	0	160	85	75
Greece	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hungary	0	0	0	275	70	205
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italy	10	0	10	390	170	220
Netherlands	25	20	10	35	15	15
Poland	10	0	10	305	130	180
Portugal	0	0	0	25	15	10
Romania	0	0	0	840	330	505
Russian Federation	0	0	0	745	335	415
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	565	275	295
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	15	150	60	90
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	1,125	550	575
Africa	0	0	0	2,785	1,315	1,470
Algeria	0	0	0	85	45	45
Egypt	0	0	0	300	160	140
Ethiopia	0	0	0	50	20	30
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	1,965	905	1,060
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	20	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	345	165	180
Asia	10	0	0	4,840	2,215	2,625
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	10	20
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	295	130	170
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	10	20
India	0	0	0	130	55	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	1,320	660	655
Iraq	0	0	0	60	30	35
Japan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	200	115	85
Lebanon	0	0	0	150	70	90
Pakistan	10	0	0	55	25	30
Philippines	0	0	0	820	255	565
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	65	25	45
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,570	790	785
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	15	2,820	1,380	1,440
Americas	10	0	0	210	85	125
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	35	15	20
Cuba	0	0	0	20	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	60	25	40
Europe	20	10	10	810	415	400
France	0	0	0	45	35	10
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	170	90	80
Romania	0	0	0	65	35	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	185	100	85
Ukraine	0	0	0	195	90	110
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	130	55	70
Africa	0	0	0	280	135	145
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	10	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	15	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	55	25	25
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	55	30	30
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	25	10	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	80	30	50
Asia	0	0	0	1,510	745	770
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	790	395	400
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	145	90	60
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	230	90	140
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	155	75	75
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,655	1,320	1,335	31,430	14,600	16,830
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	135	55	80	15,050	6,745	8,305
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	340	160	180	10,130	4,910	5,220
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,180	1,105	1,075	6,245	2,935	3,305
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	55	20	35	9,300	4,275	5,025
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15	10	0	6,525	3,185	3,345
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,645	1,315	1,335
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	10	3,880	1,870	2,010
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	0	25	1,785	650	1,130
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	845	400	445
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	150	40	110
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,660	1,320	1,340	31,430	14,595	16,830
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	105	45	60	40	20	15
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	95	40	60	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	15	35	15	10	10
Métis	50	25	25	15	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,555	1,275	1,280	31,390	14,575	16,815
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,655	1,315	1,335	31,425	14,595	16,830
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	35	15	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,650	1,320	1,335	31,395	14,580	16,815
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,655	1,320	1,340	31,430	14,600	16,835
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	140	75	70	80	45	35
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	140	70	70	75	40	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	40	50	70	40	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	30	20	0	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,510	1,250	1,260	31,340	14,545	16,790
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,660	1,320	1,340	31,425	14,600	16,830
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15	15	0	6,225	2,770	3,455
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	430	205	230
Chinese	0	0	0	505	220	285
Black	10	0	0	1,360	580	780
Filipino	0	0	0	1,015	335	680
Latin American	0	0	0	360	165	190
Arab	0	0	0	340	180	160
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	125	60	70
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	1,380	705	675
Korean	0	0	0	315	170	155
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	235	85	155
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,640	1,305	1,335	25,200	11,830	13,375
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,660	1,315	1,340	31,430	14,600	16,830
North American Aboriginal origins	150	70	80	90	50	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	100	40	60	80	45	35
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	50	25	20	10	10	0
Other North American origins	965	505	460	4,285	2,070	2,215
Acadian	10	10	0	10	0	0
American	40	10	25	305	140	165
Canadian	940	505	435	4,025	1,955	2,070
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	50	20	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	2,160	1,050	1,110	19,790	9,105	10,685
British Isles origins	1,760	860	895	2,080	950	1,135
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,000	475	530	1,070	510	560
Irish	845	415	430	785	350	435
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	870	410	460	580	280	300
Welsh	40	0	35	40	35	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	75	40	35	250	105	145
French origins	230	130	100	1,715	790	925
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	235	130	105	1,715	790	925
Western European origins (except French origins)	860	425	435	1,435	605	835
Austrian	35	20	15	490	195	300
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	15	65	20	45
Dutch	115	55	55	140	55	85
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	725	360	365	745	320	430
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0	35	25	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	20	15	45	20	20
Danish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	150	60	90	11,865	5,500	6,365
Bulgarian	0	0	0	290	145	140
Byelorussian	0	0	0	210	120	95
Czech	0	0	0	175	80	100
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	65	40	25
Estonian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Hungarian	10	0	10	990	400	590
Latvian	0	0	0	75	50	30
Lithuanian	10	10	0	415	165	245
Moldovan	0	0	0	355	165	190
Polish	50	25	30	4,325	2,080	2,245
Romanian	0	0	0	2,375	1,130	1,245
Russian	35	15	20	5,045	2,280	2,770
Slovak	0	0	0	85	50	40
Ukrainian	45	15	30	1,315	675	640
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	550	255	295
Southern European origins	90	45	40	3,045	1,440	1,605
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	280	140	145
Italian	50	30	20	1,510	740	770
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	230	110	120
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	0	10	0	10	0
Spanish	0	0	10	1,145	505	640
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	4,205	2,010	2,195
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	3,950	1,910	2,040
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	280	110	170
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	775	275	495
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	105	30	70
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dominican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	60	25	25
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	115	55	60
Jamaican	0	0	0	225	80	140
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	100	20	85
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	110	40	65
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	95	25	65
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	50	15	35
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	10	630	325	305
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	10	10	10
Argentinian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Belizean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Chilean	0	0	0	75	45	25
Colombian	0	0	0	85	50	35
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	10	15	85	40	40
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	125	55	70
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	45	35	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	55	25	25
African origins	10	0	10	6,005	3,050	2,955
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	280	160	125
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	80	55	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	20	10	10
Senegalese	0	0	0	45	10	35
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	10	5,250	2,670	2,585
Algerian	0	0	0	175	95	80
Berber	0	0	0	45	20	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	400	210	185
Libyan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	4,585	2,320	2,270
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	200	95	100
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	185	90	95
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	30	20	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	285	140	145
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	10	45	25	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	240	115	125
Asian origins	20	10	10	6,855	3,210	3,645
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	10	4,180	2,130	2,045
Afghan	0	0	0	40	25	20
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	150	55	90
Armenian	0	0	0	60	30	35
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	10	15
Georgian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	1,630	845	780
Iraqi	0	0	0	195	100	95
Israeli	0	0	0	1,355	720	640
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	60	25	30
Kurd	0	0	0	65	35	25
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	370	195	175
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	10	10	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	110	50	65
Tajik	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tatar	0	0	0	35	25	15
Turk	0	0	0	165	80	85
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	40	35	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	75	40	35
South Asian origins	10	0	0	475	200	275
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	370	150	220
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	85	35	45
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,215	885	1,325
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	600	255	340
Filipino	0	0	0	1,085	350	735
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Japanese	10	0	0	40	20	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	310	165	145
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	85	50	35
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	120	50	70
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	25	0	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Oceania origins	0	10	0	20	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,190	...	...	13,490	...	...
Owner	830	...	...	6,620	...	...
Renter	365	...	...	6,865	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,190	...	...	13,490	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	3,260	...	...
Not condominium	1,140	...	...	10,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,190	...	...	13,490	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	155	...	...	3,445	...	...
2 bedrooms	350	...	...	4,120	...	...
3 bedrooms	460	...	...	3,265	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	220	...	...	2,595	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,190	...	...	13,490	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	265	...	...	6,660	...	...
5 rooms	180	...	...	2,000	...	...
6 rooms	210	...	...	1,200	...	...
7 rooms	175	...	...	1,220	...	...
8 or more rooms	370	...	...	2,405	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,190	...	...	13,490	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,185	...	...	12,975	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,195	...	...	13,490	...	...
Suitable	1,160	...	...	12,140	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	1,350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,195	...	...	13,490	...	...
1960 or before	580	...	...	3,585	...	...
1961 to 1980	290	...	...	6,025	...	...
1981 to 1990	95	...	...	2,245	...	...
1991 to 2000	115	...	...	640	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	505	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	305	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	40	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,195	...	...	13,490	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,080	...	...	12,590	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,195	...	...	13,490	...	...
1 household maintainer	780	...	...	9,240	...	...
2 household maintainers	400	...	...	4,060	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,190	...	...	13,490	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	135	...	...
25 to 34 years	130	...	...	1,175	...	...
35 to 44 years	180	...	...	2,175	...	...
45 to 54 years	175	...	...	2,005	...	...
55 to 64 years	175	...	...	2,145	...	...
65 to 74 years	250	...	...	2,510	...	...
75 to 84 years	170	...	...	2,030	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	1,305	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,195	...	...	13,470	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	940	...	...	8,510	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	4,960	...	...
30% to less than 100%	235	...	...	4,240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	830	...	...	6,620	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.7	...	...	44.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	25.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	773	...	...	1,358	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	862	...	...	1,555	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	197,763	...	...	473,208	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	221,322	...	...	525,526	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	365	...	...	6,870	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.8	...	...	4.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.5	...	...	47.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	714	...	...	961	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	747	...	...	1,059	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,195	1,085	1,115	25,750	11,665	14,080
No certificate, diploma or degree	725	380	345	2,940	1,320	1,620
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	570	275	295	5,485	2,475	3,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	900	430	470	17,325	7,875	9,455
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240	165	70	1,560	765	795
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	120	75	50	1,095	535	570
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	115	90	20	460	235	230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	470	175	300	4,245	1,765	2,475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	20	10	1,145	420	720
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	165	70	90	10,375	4,915	5,460
Bachelor's degree	110	50	65	6,130	2,765	3,360
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	1,205	610	595
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	460	295	165
Master's degree	25	15	10	2,120	940	1,180
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	470	310	160
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,220	585	630	14,060	6,490	7,570
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	160	135	565	290	275
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	340	170	170	2,100	1,105	995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	585	260	330	11,400	5,095	6,300
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	140	95	45	850	425	425
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	45	30	570	300	275
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	55	15	280	125	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345	125	220	2,420	1,070	1,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	685	255	430
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	95	30	60	7,440	3,340	4,100
Bachelor's degree	50	15	40	4,570	2,030	2,535
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	730	315	420
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	290	145	145
Master's degree	25	15	10	1,525	650	875
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	320	205	115
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,200	1,085	1,115	25,755	11,670	14,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,295	650	645	8,420	3,795	4,630
Education	35	10	30	1,440	195	1,250
13. Education	40	10	30	1,440	195	1,245
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	40	20	635	235	400
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	20	0	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	40	20	20	605	215	390
Humanities	75	45	30	1,275	385	890
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	235	40	195
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	205	45	155
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	10	0	370	110	260
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	165	65	100
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	55	15	35
54. History	10	10	0	110	80	40
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	125	30	100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	50	2,685	1,115	1,570
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	185	65	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	295	40	250
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	420	230	185
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	10	30	0	25
42. Psychology	0	0	10	485	120	365
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,245	645	600
Business, management and public administration	110	40	75	4,410	2,125	2,285
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	10	310	80	230
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	95	35	65	4,095	2,045	2,050
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	945	510	440
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	305	135	170
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	250	160	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	45	20	20
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	325	175	150
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	25	15	800	530	275
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	10	575	435	140
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	0	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	130	70	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	170	155	15	2,335	1,865	475
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	110	75	35
14. Engineering	10	10	0	1,355	980	375
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	25	10	310	280	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	50	0	200	185	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	250	230	20
48. Precision production	15	10	0	115	115	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	80	50	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	0	20	55	35	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	25	20	0
Health and related fields	200	20	175	2,110	605	1,505
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	110	60	50
51. Health professions and related programs	195	20	170	1,835	450	1,385
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	160	95	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	75	50	605	260	345
12. Personal and culinary services	45	15	35	495	155	340
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	20	40	35	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	70	70	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,215	590	635	14,060	6,490	7,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	630	330	305	2,660	1,395	1,265
Education	20	10	15	770	135	635
13. Education	20	10	15	770	135	635
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	30	15	450	175	280
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	15	425	150	275
Humanities	60	40	25	795	245	550
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	175	15	160
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	120	35	90
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	210	65	140
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	120	45	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	30	10	20
54. History	10	0	0	70	60	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	15	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	0	35	1,865	735	1,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	140	45	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	210	20	195
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	270	115	155
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	305	80	225
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	910	475	440
Business, management and public administration	85	25	55	2,920	1,330	1,590
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	205	60	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	25	45	2,720	1,275	1,445
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	540	265	270
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	220	85	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	95	65	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	205	105	90
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	645	440	205
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	525	400	130
25. Library science	0	0	0	35	0	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	75	30	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	85	10	1,615	1,240	375
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	65	50	20
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,015	695	315
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	10	195	165	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	115	105	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	140	135	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	80	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	55	45	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	35	30	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	20	15	0
Health and related fields	135	15	125	1,365	330	1,035
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	75	35	35
51. Health professions and related programs	130	10	120	1,180	245	930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	115	45	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	55	40	365	160	210
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	25	285	85	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	20	35	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	45	45	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,200	1,085	1,110	25,750	11,665	14,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,295	650	640	8,425	3,795	4,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	900	430	470	17,330	7,875	9,450
Location of study inside Canada	830	400	430	11,570	5,255	6,315
Same as province or territory of residence	785	365	420	11,030	5,005	6,030
Different than province or territory of residence	45	35	10	540	255	290
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	35	40	5,755	2,615	3,135
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	20	30	570	310	265
Philippines	0	0	0	510	115	395
India	0	0	0	75	40	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	95	65	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	125	50	75
France	0	0	0	310	155	155
Other	25	10	15	4,060	1,890	2,165
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,220	590	630	14,060	6,485	7,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	635	330	305	2,660	1,395	1,265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	585	260	325	11,395	5,095	6,305
Location of study inside Canada	530	240	300	7,295	3,275	4,025
Same as province or territory of residence	505	210	290	6,935	3,130	3,805
Different than province or territory of residence	30	30	0	365	140	220
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	55	25	35	4,100	1,825	2,280
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	15	25	350	180	175
Philippines	0	0	0	440	95	340
India	0	0	0	40	15	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	35	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	115	45	70
France	0	0	0	225	100	125
Other	10	0	10	2,890	1,355	1,535
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,200	1,085	1,115	25,750	11,670	14,080
In the labour force	1,240	645	600	14,340	7,450	6,890
Employed	1,150	600	555	13,070	6,820	6,250
Unemployed	90	50	45	1,265	625	640
Not in the labour force	955	440	515	11,410	4,220	7,190
Participation rate	56.4	59.4	53.8	55.7	63.8	48.9
Employment rate	52.3	55.3	49.8	50.8	58.4	44.4
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.8	7.5	8.8	8.4	9.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,195	1,085	1,115	25,750	11,665	14,080
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	890	410	485	10,805	4,000	6,810
Worked	1,310	675	630	14,945	7,675	7,270
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	720	435	285	6,615	3,855	2,760
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	585	235	345	8,330	3,820	4,510
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.3	45.0	43.5	41.6	42.3	40.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,245	645	595	14,340	7,445	6,890
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	30	525	250	280
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,215	645	570	13,815	7,200	6,615
Employee	1,055	550	505	11,045	5,260	5,785
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	160	95	65	2,770	1,940	830
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,240	645	595	14,340	7,445	6,895
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	25	525	250	280
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,215	645	565	13,810	7,200	6,610
0 Management occupations	90	55	40	2,010	1,390	620
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	150	45	110	2,750	1,135	1,615
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	1,130	875	250
3 Health occupations	90	15	80	1,145	410	725
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	35	60	2,060	555	1,505
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	15	10	430	175	255
6 Sales and service occupations	285	110	175	3,090	1,595	1,500
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	225	200	20	840	805	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	30	0	60	60	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	175	110	65	305	200	105
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,245	645	595	14,340	7,450	6,895
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	30	525	245	280
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,210	650	570	13,815	7,200	6,610
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	15	0	25	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	10	10	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	10	10	0
23 Construction	140	125	15	405	360	45
31-33 Manufacturing	260	180	80	915	605	315
41 Wholesale trade	45	20	25	885	560	320
44-45 Retail trade	155	65	90	1,445	795	650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	35	15	545	400	150
51 Information and cultural industries	20	10	10	345	220	120
52 Finance and insurance	25	10	15	800	465	335
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	670	420	250
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	10	1,970	1,205	760
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	20	15	640	360	280
61 Educational services	30	10	25	1,235	330	905
62 Health care and social assistance	160	15	140	1,945	535	1,410
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	0	240	145	105
72 Accommodation and food services	110	40	70	700	350	350
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	45	35	780	270	510
91 Public administration	35	20	10	215	135	85
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,150	600	555	13,075	6,820	6,250
Worked at home	75	35	40	1,385	760	625
Worked outside Canada	0	10	0	65	60	10
No fixed workplace address	125	95	35	1,025	720	310
Worked at usual place	940	465	480	10,595	5,290	5,305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	940	465	480	10,595	5,290	5,305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	385	160	225	1,450	500	945
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	300	150	150	8,655	4,495	4,160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	260	150	105	445	265	180
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	45	25	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,070	550	520	11,625	6,005	5,615
Car, truck, van - as a driver	835	430	410	8,105	4,665	3,445
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	85	50	35	445	115	335
Public transit	10	0	10	2,445	975	1,470
Walked	125	60	65	425	155	265
Bicycle	10	10	0	60	40	20
Other method	10	10	0	150	60	85
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,065	555	515	11,625	6,005	5,615
Less than 15 minutes	390	160	230	1,830	750	1,085
15 to 29 minutes	360	205	155	4,155	2,240	1,910
30 to 44 minutes	145	85	60	3,385	1,885	1,500
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	20	1,250	660	595
60 minutes and over	125	75	55	1,005	470	535
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,070	555	515	11,620	6,005	5,620
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	75	65	325	220	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	210	120	90	1,155	750	400
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	205	135	70	3,420	1,680	1,740
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	140	60	85	3,255	1,670	1,585
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	155	55	100	2,095	955	1,150
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	220	110	105	1,375	735	640
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,325	680	640	15,505	7,885	7,620
Single responses	1,325	685	640	12,380	6,300	6,075
Official languages	1,320	680	640	12,105	6,140	5,970
English	1,325	685	640	9,015	4,485	4,530
French	0	0	0	3,095	1,655	1,440
Non-official languages	0	0	0	270	170	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	275	165	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	20	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	160	100	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	100	60	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	95	60	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	90	55	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	35	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	30	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	35	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	3,125	1,580	1,545
English and French	0	0	0	2,870	1,445	1,430
English and non-official language	0	0	0	110	50	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	40	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	90	45	45
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,320	685	640	15,500	7,885	7,620
None	1,315	675	640	8,420	4,040	4,375
English	0	0	0	1,970	1,135	830
French	10	0	0	4,355	2,335	2,015
Non-official language	0	0	0	530	255	270
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	530	260	275
English and French	0	0	0	25	10	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	70	25	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	145	80	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,620	1,300	1,320	31,080	14,385	16,695
Non-movers	2,310	1,145	1,165	27,480	12,570	14,910
Movers	310	160	155	3,600	1,815	1,790
Non-migrants	70	35	30	2,305	1,180	1,125
Migrants	245	120	120	1,295	630	665
Internal migrants	245	120	125	695	315	375
Intraprovincial migrants	235	115	120	570	265	310
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	120	50	70
External migrants	0	0	0	605	315	290
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,475	1,220	1,255	29,540	13,600	15,935
Non-movers	1,515	765	750	18,295	8,250	10,045
Movers	965	455	510	11,245	5,350	5,890
Non-migrants	495	220	275	7,000	3,310	3,695
Migrants	470	235	235	4,245	2,045	2,200
Internal migrants	440	220	220	1,520	705	815
Intraprovincial migrants	415	205	210	1,265	590	675
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	255	115	145
External migrants	30	20	15	2,725	1,340	1,385

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Côte-Saint-Luc, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec