Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Durham Ontario [Population centre]			Pointe-Claire, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Durham [Population centre], Ontario Map : Durham [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,609	...	...	31,380	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,635 ^r	...	...	30,790	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.0	...	...	1.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,196	...	...	12,835	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,152	...	...	12,376	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	810.7	...	...	1,660.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.22	...	...	18.90	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,610	1,265	1,345	31,380	14,740	16,635
0 to 14 years	370	195	175	4,745	2,455	2,290
0 to 4 years	115	60	55	1,370	710	665
5 to 9 years	120	55	55	1,595	845	755
10 to 14 years	140	75	60	1,775	905	870
15 to 64 years	1,455	745	715	19,160	9,335	9,825
15 to 19 years	130	75	50	1,910	1,015	895
20 to 24 years	115	65	50	1,910	970	935
25 to 29 years	130	60	70	1,320	685	635
30 to 34 years	125	65	65	1,340	660	680
35 to 39 years	130	55	70	1,595	710	885
40 to 44 years	135	70	60	1,810	855	950
45 to 49 years	155	75	75	2,125	1,000	1,130
50 to 54 years	170	95	75	2,525	1,205	1,320
55 to 59 years	185	80	100	2,500	1,220	1,285
60 to 64 years	185	90	90	2,120	1,020	1,105
65 years and over	780	325	455	7,475	2,960	4,515
65 to 69 years	205	85	125	1,890	850	1,035
70 to 74 years	185	90	95	1,485	670	810
75 to 79 years	140	55	80	1,195	475	720
80 to 84 years	120	50	65	1,175	425	755
85 years and over	135	50	85	1,730	535	1,190
85 to 89 years	80	35	45	990	340	650
90 to 94 years	45	15	35	585	165	425
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	125	30	95
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.2	15.4	13.0	15.1	16.7	13.8
15 to 64 years	55.7	58.9	53.2	61.1	63.3	59.1
65 years and over	29.9	25.7	33.8	23.8	20.1	27.1
85 years and over	5.2	4.0	6.3	5.5	3.6	7.2
Average age of the population	47.6	45.3	49.7	45.3	42.9	47.4
Median age of the population	50.6	47.3	53.4	47.6	45.1	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,155	...	...	12,375	...	...
Single-detached house	800	...	...	6,565	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	2,180	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	350	...	...	3,635	...	...
Semi-detached house	35	...	...	915	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	1,280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	215	...	...	1,330	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,155	...	...	12,375	...	...
1 person	390	...	...	3,710	...	...
2 persons	440	...	...	3,810	...	...
3 persons	160	...	...	1,925	...	...
4 persons	105	...	...	2,070	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	870	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,480	...	...	30,060	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,240	1,070	1,170	26,640	12,290	14,345
Married or living common law	1,235	615	620	15,210	7,565	7,645
Married	1,040	520	525	12,845	6,400	6,450
Living common law	190	95	95	2,360	1,165	1,195
Not married and not living common law	1,005	450	550	11,430	4,725	6,700
Never married	480	290	190	6,740	3,540	3,205
Separated	110	50	65	440	180	265
Divorced	150	60	90	1,820	580	1,245
Widowed	265	50	210	2,425	435	1,990
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	735	...	...	8,590	...	...
2 persons	445	...	...	3,940	...	...
3 persons	155	...	...	1,915	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	2,065	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	675	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	730	...	...	8,590	...	...
Total couple families	595	...	...	7,290	...	...
Married couples	500	...	...	6,110	...	...
Common-law couples	95	...	...	1,175	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	135	...	...	1,305	...	...
Female parent	110	...	...	1,030	...	...
Male parent	30	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	595	...	...	7,290	...	...
Couples without children	360	...	...	3,145	...	...
Couples with children	235	...	...	4,140	...	...
1 child	105	...	...	1,520	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	1,965	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	655	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,300	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	790	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	390	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	515	230	285	4,605	1,760	2,845
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,155	...	...	12,375	...	...
One-census-family households	715	...	...	8,305	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	355	...	...	3,025	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	360	...	...	5,285	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	140	...	...
Non-census-family households	425	...	...	3,930	...	...
One-person households	395	...	...	3,705	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	220	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,505	1,230	1,280	30,855	14,590	16,270
English only	2,425	1,200	1,220	7,670	3,530	4,140
French only	0	0	0	1,345	540	800
English and French	85	30	60	21,510	10,395	11,115
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	335	120	210
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,505	1,230	1,280	30,855	14,590	16,265
English	2,490	1,220	1,270	20,780	9,940	10,845
French	15	5	10	7,590	3,485	4,105
English and French	0	0	0	2,160	1,050	1,110
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	325	115	210
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	10	10	21,865	10,460	11,395
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.8	0.8	70.9	71.7	70.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,510	1,230	1,275	30,860	14,590	16,270
Single responses	2,500	1,230	1,270	29,555	13,925	15,625
Official languages	2,420	1,190	1,225	22,285	10,530	11,755
English	2,400	1,180	1,215	15,650	7,490	8,155
French	15	10	10	6,635	3,040	3,600
Non-official languages	80	35	45	7,270	3,400	3,875
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	5	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	35	45	7,250	3,390	3,860
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	540	280	255
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	505	260	245
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	475	245	225
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	80	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	300	110	185
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	260	95	165
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	35	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	60	20	35
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	30	45	4,415	2,080	2,335
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	930	425	505
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	10	35
Latvian	0	0	0	25	5	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slavic languages	5	5	0	885	415	470
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Croatian	0	5	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	35	15	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	310	145	165
Russian	0	0	0	275	130	145
Serbian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	80	30	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	450	185	265
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	20	10	10	90	35	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	5	15	300	120	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	225	115	115
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	750	375	375
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	535	265	270
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	195	95	100
Hindi	0	0	0	80	35	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	95	55	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	90	50	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	215	110	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	195	95	95
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	10	1,955	935	1,015
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	665	340	325
Portuguese	0	0	0	225	105	125
Romanian	0	0	0	365	175	190
Spanish	10	5	5	695	315	380
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	15	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	95	40	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	1,325	625	695
Chinese languages	5	0	0	1,325	625	695
Cantonese	0	0	0	255	105	150
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	10
Mandarin	0	5	0	985	480	505
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	65	30	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	120	60	65
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	5	0	0	100	50	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	1,300	660	640
English and French	0	0	5	660	350	310
English and non-official language	5	5	5	330	155	170
French and non-official language	5	0	0	135	70	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	175	85	90
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,505	1,230	1,275	30,860	14,590	16,270
Single responses	2,490	1,225	1,265	28,935	13,695	15,240
Official languages	2,480	1,225	1,260	25,305	11,960	13,340
English	2,475	1,220	1,260	19,695	9,395	10,300
French	5	0	5	5,605	2,570	3,040
Non-official languages	10	5	10	3,630	1,735	1,895
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	3,625	1,730	1,890
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	240	115	125
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	225	105	115
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	210	100	115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	95	40	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	90	40	50
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	45	15	30
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	1,895	905	995
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	440	210	230
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	5	0	0	425	205	220
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	140	65	70
Russian	0	0	0	175	90	85
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	440	215	225
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	325	160	165
Bengali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	120	55	60
Hindi	0	0	0	40	20	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	45	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	55	25	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	110	50	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	5	0	860	405	450
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	70	30	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	95	40	60
Romanian	0	0	0	255	130	130
Spanish	0	0	0	430	205	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	75	35	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,050	515	540
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,050	510	540
Cantonese	0	0	0	135	60	80
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	860	430	425
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	20	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	5	10	1,925	895	1,030
English and French	5	0	0	670	320	350
English and non-official language	15	5	10	815	365	445
French and non-official language	0	0	0	145	75	75
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	295	135	160
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,510	1,230	1,275	30,860	14,590	16,265
None	2,475	1,215	1,255	21,765	10,260	11,505
English	5	0	0	2,765	1,300	1,470
French	10	0	5	3,635	1,795	1,840
Non-official language	30	10	15	1,965	890	1,070
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	15	1,950	885	1,065
English and French	0	0	0	310	150	160
English and non-official language	0	0	0	100	50	55
French and non-official language	0	0	5	305	145	155
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,105	1,025	1,090	25,320	11,925	13,395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,030	980	1,050	24,100	11,305	12,800
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,392	32,368	23,177	38,380	44,393	34,166
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,030	980	1,050	24,110	11,310	12,800
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,716	29,248	22,669	33,497	37,918	30,230
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,720	845	870	22,240	10,525	11,715
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,520	30,656	17,515	34,683	42,368	28,685
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,630	740	890	17,660	7,455	10,205
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,732	9,984	11,290	6,884	4,564	8,074
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,255	655	600	17,265	8,695	8,565
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,320	33,648	22,848	35,761	41,427	31,027
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,195	1,085	1,115	25,320	11,900	13,425
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,110	1,040	1,070	24,105	11,275	12,830
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,955	38,864	29,185	51,488	60,401	43,658
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,110	1,040	1,070	24,115	11,275	12,835
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,991	33,806	26,282	40,716	46,525	35,615
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,825	915	905	22,155	10,520	11,640
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,930	35,893	23,912	49,228	59,435	40,003
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,700	785	920	17,690	7,490	10,200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,077	9,680	10,416	8,509	7,443	9,292
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,335	690	650	17,265	8,765	8,500
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,302	37,448	24,722	48,830	56,739	40,669
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,200	1,085	1,115	25,320	11,895	13,425
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	700	425	270	8,120	4,390	3,725
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	39,045	42,654	32,935	57,906	64,964	52,549
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	43,509	47,634	36,982	71,183	81,240	59,330
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	75.1	80.9	68.2	88.3	92.2	83.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.0	66.7	52.1	68.8	73.9	62.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	24.9	19.0	32.3	11.7	7.8	16.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,110	1,025	1,085	25,320	11,925	13,400
Without total income	80	45	35	1,220	620	600
With total income	2,030	980	1,050	24,100	11,300	12,795
Percentage with total income	96.2	95.6	96.8	95.2	94.8	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	235	100	135	3,300	1,450	1,845
$10,000 to $19,999	435	165	270	3,490	1,420	2,070
$20,000 to $29,999	430	185	245	3,020	1,170	1,850
$30,000 to $39,999	310	135	175	2,655	1,125	1,530
$40,000 to $49,999	230	120	110	2,490	1,075	1,415
$50,000 to $59,999	135	85	50	1,935	865	1,070
$60,000 to $69,999	95	70	30	1,585	790	790
$70,000 to $79,999	50	30	15	1,340	650	690
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	1,030	545	485
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	10	695	400	295
$100,000 and over	50	45	10	2,575	1,825	755
$100,000 to $149,999	40	30	5	1,630	1,125	505
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	945	700	250
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,110	1,020	1,085	25,320	11,920	13,400
Without after-tax income	80	45	35	1,210	615	600
With after-tax income	2,030	980	1,055	24,110	11,310	12,800
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.1	97.2	95.2	94.9	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	240	105	140	3,480	1,485	1,995
$10,000 to $19,999	460	175	280	3,670	1,500	2,175
$20,000 to $29,999	500	225	275	3,660	1,475	2,185
$30,000 to $39,999	330	155	175	3,535	1,525	2,010
$40,000 to $49,999	235	135	105	2,790	1,240	1,550
$50,000 to $59,999	120	80	40	2,185	1,105	1,085
$60,000 to $69,999	50	35	15	1,565	810	755
$70,000 to $79,999	40	25	15	990	605	390
$80,000 and over	50	40	10	2,230	1,570	660
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	655	425	230
$90,000 to $99,999	5	10	0	410	295	125
$100,000 and over	20	15	0	1,165	850	310
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,110	1,025	1,085	25,320	11,925	13,395
Without employment income	855	365	490	8,055	3,230	4,830
With employment income	1,255	660	595	17,265	8,700	8,565
Percentage with employment income	59.5	64.4	54.8	68.2	73.0	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	195	95	100	2,540	1,265	1,280
$5,000 to $9,999	115	40	70	1,305	565	740
$10,000 to $19,999	165	75	95	2,120	940	1,175
$20,000 to $29,999	180	85	95	1,725	750	975
$30,000 to $39,999	200	90	110	1,635	715	915
$40,000 to $49,999	135	80	55	1,510	690	820
$50,000 to $59,999	90	70	25	1,220	565	660
$60,000 to $69,999	65	45	15	1,040	535	505
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	1,015	500	510
$80,000 and over	85	65	20	3,150	2,170	980
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	5	665	395	270
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	505	300	205
$100,000 and over	40	35	5	1,980	1,475	510
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,150	...	...	12,380	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	48,640	...	...	80,242	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,632	...	...	67,115	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...	3,705	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,939	...	...	39,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,288	...	...	34,566	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	755	...	...	8,665	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,254	...	...	101,966	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,878	...	...	84,690	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,195	...	...	12,375	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,091	...	...	100,294	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,074	...	...	79,335	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	370	...	...	3,715	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,498	...	...	55,191	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,371	...	...	43,863	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	825	...	...	8,660	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,928	...	...	119,633	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,165	...	...	94,544	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,155	...	...	12,375	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	160	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	185	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	375	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	435	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	475	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	455	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	475	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	100	...	...	895	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	925	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	795	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...	755	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	675	...	...
$100,000 and over	165	...	...	4,780	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	1,485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	1,020	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	1,210	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,150	...	...	12,380	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	175	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	195	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	385	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	525	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	525	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	600	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	590	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	600	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	595	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	1,140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	105	...	...	1,055	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	910	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	895	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	770	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	3,320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	1,395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	815	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	1,100	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	730	...	...	8,535	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,254	...	...	102,229	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,827	...	...	84,785	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	2,965	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	89,003	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,832	...	...	73,939	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	240	...	...	4,155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,763	...	...	124,891	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,520	...	...	102,191	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,250	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,440	...	...	66,688	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,624	...	...	58,163	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	795	...	...	8,550	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,740	...	...	119,396	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,995	...	...	94,332	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...	2,970	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,905	...	...	104,684	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,332	...	...	82,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	275	...	...	4,150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,893	...	...	142,802	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,198	...	...	112,094	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	1,235	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,221	...	...	78,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,591	...	...	64,191	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	465	215	250	4,125	1,590	2,530
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,640	27,648	23,360	38,668	41,626	37,056
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,984	25,685	22,891	33,426	35,264	32,663
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	470	230	230	4,055	1,485	2,575
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,014	30,909	29,117	54,363	61,112	50,468
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,937	27,272	26,602	43,240	46,772	41,201
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,480	1,220	1,260	30,060	14,375	15,690
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,705	800	905	12,615	5,805	6,805
In the bottom decile	245	125	120	1,640	780	855
In the second decile	440	180	260	2,045	870	1,175
In the third decile	400	195	205	2,750	1,270	1,480
In the fourth decile	330	160	165	3,035	1,425	1,615
In the fifth decile	300	140	150	3,135	1,465	1,675
In the top half of the distribution	775	415	360	17,450	8,565	8,880
In the sixth decile	260	145	115	3,555	1,720	1,840
In the seventh decile	205	105	100	3,505	1,685	1,810
In the eighth decile	130	70	55	3,640	1,775	1,865
In the ninth decile	145	75	65	3,365	1,675	1,685
In the top decile	40	20	15	3,385	1,710	1,680
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,480	1,220	1,265	30,065	14,375	15,685
0 to 17 years	445	245	205	5,865	3,060	2,805
0 to 5 years	150	75	70	1,660	860	800
18 to 64 years	1,370	690	675	17,980	8,695	9,285
65 years and over	665	280	380	6,215	2,615	3,595
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	470	215	260	2,600	1,150	1,445
0 to 17 years	100	50	45	540	280	255
0 to 5 years	45	20	20	115	60	60
18 to 64 years	245	120	125	1,425	675	750
65 years and over	125	35	90	635	195	440
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	17.6	20.6	8.6	8.0	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	22.5	20.4	22.0	9.2	9.2	9.1
0 to 5 years (%)	30.0	26.7	28.6	6.9	7.0	7.5
18 to 64 years (%)	17.9	17.4	18.5	7.9	7.8	8.1
65 years and over (%)	18.8	12.5	23.7	10.2	7.5	12.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	90	70	2,000	915	1,085
0 to 17 years	30	20	10	410	220	190
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	80	40	40
18 to 64 years	125	70	55	1,175	575	600
65 years and over	5	0	5	415	125	295
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.5	7.4	5.5	6.7	6.4	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	8.2	4.9	7.0	7.2	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	13.3	14.3	4.8	4.7	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	10.1	8.1	6.5	6.6	6.5
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.0	1.3	6.7	4.8	8.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,655	1,315	1,340	30,060	14,375	15,690
Official languages	2,655	1,320	1,340	29,730	14,245	15,480
English	2,655	1,320	1,335	28,445	13,705	14,745
French	90	45	50	22,635	10,830	11,805
Non-official languages	115	65	45	10,135	4,705	5,430
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	65	50	10,125	4,705	5,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	950	445	505
Berber languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
Kabyle	0	0	0	50	30	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	900	415	480
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	795	370	430
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	100	45	50
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	70	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	80	50	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	435	180	255
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	10	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malay	0	0	0	25	0	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	365	155	210
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	210	95	110
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	170	80	95
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	25	20	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	165	85	80
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tamil	0	0	0	130	60	70
Telugu	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	65	40	6,445	2,940	3,505
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	150	70	80
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	1,100	505	590
Baltic languages	0	0	0	50	20	35
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,045	490	550
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	80	50	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	395	185	210
Russian	0	0	0	400	185	215
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	10	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	50	20	745	315	430
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dutch	35	25	15	120	45	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	35	15	585	255	330
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	30	0	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	310	120	190
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	0	1,045	525	515
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	725	355	360
Bengali	0	0	0	80	40	35
Gujarati	0	0	0	270	135	135
Hindi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	10
Marathi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	130	65	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Urdu	10	0	0	90	60	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	330	175	160
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	330	175	155
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	3,395	1,555	1,845
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	1,200	545	650
Portuguese	0	0	0	265	120	150
Romanian	0	0	0	425	215	215
Spanish	10	10	10	1,745	760	985
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	120	50	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	115	40	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,545	765	780
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,540	765	780
Cantonese	0	0	0	355	140	215
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,270	635	635
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	35	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Lao	0	0	0	50	25	25
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkish	0	0	0	150	75	70
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	25	10	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	160	85	75
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	120	70	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,655	1,320	1,340	30,065	14,375	15,690
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,605	1,300	1,300	28,195	13,440	14,760
Canadian citizens aged under 18	510	265	245	5,485	2,870	2,620
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,090	1,035	1,055	22,710	10,565	12,140
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	55	15	35	1,865	935	930
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,660	1,320	1,340	30,065	14,375	15,685
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,530	1,265	1,265	21,715	10,405	11,310
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	120	50	70	7,940	3,745	4,195
Before 1981	70	30	35	2,665	1,225	1,440
1981 to 1990	15	0	10	1,065	485	580
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	1,325	605	715
2001 to 2010	10	10	10	2,000	965	1,035
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,060	530	525
2006 to 2010	15	10	10	940	435	505
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	15	885	460	425
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	400	225	185
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	125	50	70	7,945	3,745	4,200
Under 5 years	10	0	0	845	415	430
5 to 14 years	25	15	10	1,220	605	610
15 to 24 years	50	15	30	1,610	670	940
25 to 44 years	30	10	20	3,760	1,835	1,930
45 years and over	10	0	0	505	225	280
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	120	50	70	7,945	3,745	4,195
Americas	35	10	25	1,205	500	700
Brazil	0	0	0	70	30	45
Colombia	0	0	0	80	30	50
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haiti	0	0	0	35	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	85	50	35
Mexico	0	0	0	160	75	90
Peru	0	0	0	65	0	60
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	80	40	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	10	25	305	130	175
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	275	120	155
Europe	85	40	45	2,790	1,360	1,430
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	315	165	145
Germany	0	0	0	115	60	55
Greece	0	0	0	65	35	35
Hungary	0	0	0	65	45	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Italy	10	0	10	235	140	90
Netherlands	25	20	10	60	25	40
Poland	10	0	10	265	105	155
Portugal	0	0	0	65	25	40
Romania	0	0	0	315	150	165
Russian Federation	0	0	0	120	50	75
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	15	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	15	610	290	320
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	415	205	215
Africa	0	0	0	820	415	405
Algeria	0	0	0	60	35	25
Egypt	0	0	0	325	160	160
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	15	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	85	40	45
Nigeria	0	0	0	55	30	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	260	130	125
Asia	10	0	0	3,105	1,460	1,645
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	60	25	30
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	890	440	450
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	80	30	50
India	0	0	0	390	210	185
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	275	125	150
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	50	10	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	85	25	55
Lebanon	0	0	0	180	90	90
Pakistan	10	0	0	115	65	50
Philippines	0	0	0	375	160	215
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	55	25	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	60	30	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	65	35	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	400	170	225
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	15	885	465	425
Americas	10	0	0	175	70	105
Brazil	0	0	0	25	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	65	25	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	20	10	10	150	85	65
France	0	0	0	35	20	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	70	30	40
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	10	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	115	70	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	25	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	20	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	10	15
Asia	0	0	0	440	230	205
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	200	115	90
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	55	30	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	40	25	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,655	1,320	1,335	30,060	14,370	15,685
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	135	55	80	8,545	4,070	4,475
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	340	160	180	7,525	3,720	3,810
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,180	1,105	1,075	13,990	6,585	7,405
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	55	20	35	5,390	2,565	2,825
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15	10	0	3,455	1,695	1,760
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,460	885	580
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	10	1,995	810	1,185
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	0	25	1,340	585	750
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	565	270	300
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,660	1,320	1,340	30,060	14,375	15,685
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	105	45	60	205	95	110
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	95	40	60	195	95	100
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	15	35	125	55	75
Métis	50	25	25	70	45	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,555	1,275	1,280	29,855	14,275	15,580
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,655	1,315	1,335	30,060	14,370	15,690
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	70	30	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,650	1,320	1,335	29,990	14,345	15,650
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,655	1,320	1,340	30,060	14,375	15,685
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	10	60	30	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	45	20	25
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	140	75	70	660	300	360
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	140	70	70	660	305	350
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	40	50	490	230	260
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	30	20	160	70	90
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,510	1,250	1,260	29,340	14,040	15,300
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,660	1,320	1,340	30,060	14,370	15,690
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15	15	0	6,640	3,250	3,395
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,115	585	530
Chinese	0	0	0	1,805	850	945
Black	10	0	0	995	545	450
Filipino	0	0	0	585	270	310
Latin American	0	0	0	400	155	240
Arab	0	0	0	535	255	280
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	235	140	100
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	285	140	150
Korean	0	0	0	130	50	85
Japanese	0	0	0	145	45	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	170	90	80
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	255	120	135
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,640	1,305	1,335	23,415	11,120	12,295
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,660	1,315	1,340	30,060	14,375	15,690
North American Aboriginal origins	150	70	80	720	335	385
First Nations (North American Indian)	100	40	60	530	250	280
Inuit	0	0	0	15	0	10
Métis	50	25	20	175	80	95
Other North American origins	965	505	460	8,905	4,260	4,645
Acadian	10	10	0	155	65	90
American	40	10	25	545	255	285
Canadian	940	505	435	8,380	3,995	4,380
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	15	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	145	70	70
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	0	10
European origins	2,160	1,050	1,110	20,020	9,560	10,460
British Isles origins	1,760	860	895	11,220	5,350	5,870
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,000	475	530	5,490	2,695	2,795
Irish	845	415	430	5,375	2,440	2,935
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	870	410	460	4,870	2,235	2,635
Welsh	40	0	35	400	175	220
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	75	40	35	1,065	490	575
French origins	230	130	100	6,150	2,965	3,180
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	235	130	105	6,135	2,965	3,175
Western European origins (except French origins)	860	425	435	2,835	1,420	1,420
Austrian	35	20	15	225	110	110
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	15	155	95	60
Dutch	115	55	55	565	280	285
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	725	360	365	1,870	935	940
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	0	0	250	140	105
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	20	15	580	285	295
Danish	10	0	0	100	45	55
Finnish	0	0	0	155	65	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Norwegian	10	0	10	105	60	45
Swedish	15	10	10	220	95	120
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	30	30	0
Eastern European origins	150	60	90	3,705	1,830	1,875
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Czech	0	0	0	160	70	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Estonian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Hungarian	10	0	10	400	225	175
Latvian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Lithuanian	10	10	0	165	70	95
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	50	25	30	1,285	635	650
Romanian	0	0	0	640	300	340
Russian	35	15	20	665	325	340
Slovak	0	0	0	120	50	70
Ukrainian	45	15	30	660	350	310
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins	90	45	40	4,090	1,970	2,120
Albanian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	60	40	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	25	10	15
Greek	10	0	0	635	300	340
Italian	50	30	20	2,520	1,185	1,335
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	25	25	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	350	175	175
Serbian	0	0	0	100	45	55
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	0	10	25	25	0
Spanish	0	0	10	635	295	340
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	30	15	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	200	90	105
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	150	65	85
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	775	385	400
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	25	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	120	60	65
Jamaican	0	0	0	235	125	115
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	110	35	70
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	40	20	20
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	150	75	75
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	10	920	435	485
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	105	40	60
Chilean	0	0	0	35	10	25
Colombian	0	0	0	165	55	105
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyanese	20	10	15	75	45	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	310	165	140
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	10
African origins	10	0	10	1,250	635	610
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	250	150	90
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	60	20	40
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	40	35	0
Guinean	0	0	0	10	15	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	50	25
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	0	0	10	705	335	365
Algerian	0	0	0	105	45	55
Berber	0	0	0	90	65	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	395	205	190
Libyan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	110	30	80
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	100	45	55
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mauritian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	205	105	100
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	200	95	105
Asian origins	20	10	10	5,960	2,910	3,050
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	10	1,665	830	830
Afghan	0	0	0	10	15	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	80	45	40
Armenian	0	0	0	305	135	165
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	390	200	185
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	50	20	30
Jordanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	525	260	260
Palestinian	0	0	0	100	45	60
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	130	60	70
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	30	20	10
Turk	0	0	0	120	60	60
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	25	10	15
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	0	1,255	665	590
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	970	525	440
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	110	60	45
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	110	50	60
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	3,115	1,450	1,665
Burmese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	55	30	25
Chinese	0	0	0	2,015	955	1,060
Filipino	0	0	0	665	305	360
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japanese	10	0	0	160	60	100
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	125	45	85
Laotian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	60	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	0	10	0	80	40	40
Australian	0	0	0	70	35	30
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,190	...	...	12,375	...	...
Owner	830	...	...	8,700	...	...
Renter	365	...	...	3,680	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,190	...	...	12,375	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	950	...	...
Not condominium	1,140	...	...	11,425	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,190	...	...	12,375	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...
1 bedroom	155	...	...	1,620	...	...
2 bedrooms	350	...	...	2,305	...	...
3 bedrooms	460	...	...	5,060	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	220	...	...	3,310	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,190	...	...	12,375	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	265	...	...	3,085	...	...
5 rooms	180	...	...	1,490	...	...
6 rooms	210	...	...	1,675	...	...
7 rooms	175	...	...	1,910	...	...
8 or more rooms	370	...	...	4,215	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,190	...	...	12,380	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,185	...	...	12,275	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,195	...	...	12,375	...	...
Suitable	1,160	...	...	12,085	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,195	...	...	12,375	...	...
1960 or before	580	...	...	4,900	...	...
1961 to 1980	290	...	...	3,540	...	...
1981 to 1990	95	...	...	1,705	...	...
1991 to 2000	115	...	...	835	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	570	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	490	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	40	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,195	...	...	12,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,080	...	...	11,480	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,195	...	...	12,375	...	...
1 household maintainer	780	...	...	7,310	...	...
2 household maintainers	400	...	...	4,915	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,190	...	...	12,375	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	100	...	...
25 to 34 years	130	...	...	935	...	...
35 to 44 years	180	...	...	1,795	...	...
45 to 54 years	175	...	...	2,545	...	...
55 to 64 years	175	...	...	2,760	...	...
65 to 74 years	250	...	...	2,095	...	...
75 to 84 years	170	...	...	1,305	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,195	...	...	12,365	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	940	...	...	9,585	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	2,780	...	...
30% to less than 100%	235	...	...	2,455	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	830	...	...	8,700	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.7	...	...	54.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	13.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	773	...	...	1,103	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	862	...	...	1,240	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	197,763	...	...	375,760	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	221,322	...	...	416,061	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	365	...	...	3,675	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.8	...	...	11.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.5	...	...	44.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	714	...	...	1,103	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	747	...	...	1,196	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,195	1,085	1,115	25,320	11,895	13,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	725	380	345	2,490	1,270	1,220
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	570	275	295	5,725	2,645	3,080
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	900	430	470	17,110	7,980	9,125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240	165	70	1,825	1,135	690
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	120	75	50	1,175	680	500
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	115	90	20	650	460	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	470	175	300	5,005	2,035	2,970
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	20	10	1,020	420	600
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	165	70	90	9,260	4,395	4,860
Bachelor's degree	110	50	65	5,825	2,630	3,200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	850	345	500
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	195	100	95
Master's degree	25	15	10	2,005	1,070	935
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	380	250	135
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,220	585	630	15,270	7,275	7,995
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	160	135	650	415	230
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	340	170	170	2,750	1,325	1,425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	585	260	330	11,870	5,530	6,340
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	140	95	45	1,135	715	425
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	45	30	745	455	285
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	55	15	390	255	135
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345	125	220	2,980	1,280	1,700
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	655	265	395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	95	30	60	7,095	3,275	3,820
Bachelor's degree	50	15	40	4,490	1,980	2,510
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	635	250	390
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	135	60	75
Master's degree	25	15	10	1,575	830	750
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	255	160	100
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,200	1,085	1,115	25,320	11,895	13,425
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,295	650	645	8,215	3,910	4,300
Education	35	10	30	1,210	285	925
13. Education	40	10	30	1,205	285	920
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	40	20	825	315	510
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	20	0	90	80	15
50. Visual and performing arts	40	20	20	735	245	495
Humanities	75	45	30	1,380	465	910
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	325	55	270
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	270	75	200
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	10	0	395	140	255
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	60	40	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	60	25	30
54. History	10	10	0	165	100	65
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	100	30	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	50	2,235	815	1,415
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	15	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	225	85	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	260	35	225
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	205	55	150
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	10	20	0	20
42. Psychology	0	0	10	360	85	270
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,140	545	595
Business, management and public administration	110	40	75	4,145	1,720	2,420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	10	125	20	105
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	95	35	65	4,005	1,700	2,310
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	1,225	705	520
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	365	145	215
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	340	195	145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	100	55	45
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	395	300	95
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	25	15	775	485	290
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	10	580	400	185
25. Library science	0	0	0	90	10	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	90	70	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	170	155	15	2,795	2,440	350
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	110	65	50
14. Engineering	10	10	0	1,285	1,060	225
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	25	10	555	485	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	50	0	275	270	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	365	365	0
48. Precision production	15	10	0	195	195	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	200	95	105
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	0	20	125	70	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	75	30	50
Health and related fields	200	20	175	1,785	355	1,435
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	130	55	70
51. Health professions and related programs	195	20	170	1,570	245	1,325
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	85	45	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	75	50	540	295	250
12. Personal and culinary services	45	15	35	280	70	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	20	110	80	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	150	140	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,215	590	635	15,270	7,275	7,990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	630	330	305	3,400	1,745	1,655
Education	20	10	15	690	175	520
13. Education	20	10	15	695	170	520
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	30	15	600	220	375
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	65	45	15
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	15	535	170	355
Humanities	60	40	25	890	325	565
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	235	35	195
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	165	50	115
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	230	95	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	25	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	45	25	20
54. History	10	0	0	115	85	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	0	35	1,695	635	1,055
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	180	80	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	190	30	160
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	180	45	135
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	20	0	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	280	55	220
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	830	415	415
Business, management and public administration	85	25	55	2,995	1,245	1,750
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	105	10	90
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	25	45	2,885	1,235	1,650
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	680	380	305
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	270	95	175
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	100	60	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	15	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	260	205	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	685	430	255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	540	365	175
25. Library science	0	0	0	70	10	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	55	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	85	10	1,895	1,610	290
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	60	35
14. Engineering	0	0	0	950	760	195
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	10	305	255	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	175	175	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	250	245	0
48. Precision production	10	10	0	115	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	130	55	75
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	80	35	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	50	25	25
Health and related fields	135	15	125	1,180	230	950
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	105	45	60
51. Health professions and related programs	130	10	120	1,030	160	870
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	40	15	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	55	40	425	225	205
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	25	210	40	165
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	20	85	55	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	125	120	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,200	1,085	1,110	25,320	11,895	13,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,295	650	640	8,210	3,910	4,295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	900	430	470	17,105	7,985	9,125
Location of study inside Canada	830	400	430	13,655	6,240	7,415
Same as province or territory of residence	785	365	420	12,320	5,600	6,720
Different than province or territory of residence	45	35	10	1,335	645	690
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	35	40	3,455	1,740	1,710
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	20	30	430	255	175
Philippines	0	0	0	155	55	100
India	0	0	0	110	70	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	360	215	145
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	380	190	190
France	0	0	0	225	140	90
Other	25	10	15	1,785	820	970
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,220	590	630	15,270	7,275	7,995
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	635	330	305	3,400	1,745	1,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	585	260	325	11,870	5,535	6,335
Location of study inside Canada	530	240	300	9,445	4,320	5,125
Same as province or territory of residence	505	210	290	8,510	3,870	4,635
Different than province or territory of residence	30	30	0	935	440	490
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	55	25	35	2,425	1,215	1,210
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	15	25	255	155	100
Philippines	0	0	0	135	45	85
India	0	0	0	85	55	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	165	115	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	350	170	180
France	0	0	0	165	105	60
Other	10	0	10	1,265	575	695
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,200	1,085	1,115	25,320	11,895	13,425
In the labour force	1,240	645	600	15,750	8,125	7,625
Employed	1,150	600	555	14,775	7,560	7,220
Unemployed	90	50	45	980	570	405
Not in the labour force	955	440	515	9,570	3,770	5,795
Participation rate	56.4	59.4	53.8	62.2	68.3	56.8
Employment rate	52.3	55.3	49.8	58.4	63.6	53.8
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.8	7.5	6.2	7.0	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,195	1,085	1,115	25,320	11,895	13,425
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	890	410	485	8,855	3,460	5,395
Worked	1,310	675	630	16,465	8,440	8,025
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	720	435	285	8,360	4,555	3,805
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	585	235	345	8,105	3,885	4,220
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.3	45.0	43.5	42.4	42.3	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,245	645	595	15,750	8,130	7,625
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	30	385	175	210
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,215	645	570	15,370	7,955	7,415
Employee	1,055	550	505	13,395	6,655	6,740
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	160	95	65	1,975	1,300	675
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,240	645	595	15,750	8,130	7,625
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	25	385	180	205
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,215	645	565	15,370	7,955	7,420
0 Management occupations	90	55	40	2,245	1,425	820
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	150	45	110	2,870	975	1,895
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	1,620	1,315	305
3 Health occupations	90	15	80	960	190	770
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	35	60	1,875	575	1,305
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	15	10	810	385	425
6 Sales and service occupations	285	110	175	3,270	1,580	1,690
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	225	200	20	1,130	1,085	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	30	0	115	105	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	175	110	65	470	320	150
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,245	645	595	15,755	8,125	7,625
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	30	380	175	210
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,210	650	570	15,370	7,955	7,420
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	15	0	30	20	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	20	10	10
22 Utilities	10	10	0	75	50	25
23 Construction	140	125	15	445	405	40
31-33 Manufacturing	260	180	80	1,670	1,155	515
41 Wholesale trade	45	20	25	1,145	640	505
44-45 Retail trade	155	65	90	1,600	740	860
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	35	15	930	620	315
51 Information and cultural industries	20	10	10	540	310	225
52 Finance and insurance	25	10	15	720	395	325
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	355	205	150
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	10	1,815	1,080	735
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	0	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	20	15	580	355	230
61 Educational services	30	10	25	1,545	525	1,025
62 Health care and social assistance	160	15	140	1,575	280	1,290
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	0	430	235	195
72 Accommodation and food services	110	40	70	830	425	400
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	45	35	525	225	295
91 Public administration	35	20	10	515	275	245
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,150	600	555	14,775	7,555	7,220
Worked at home	75	35	40	1,355	745	610
Worked outside Canada	0	10	0	95	85	20
No fixed workplace address	125	95	35	1,030	765	265
Worked at usual place	940	465	480	12,290	5,965	6,325
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	940	465	480	12,290	5,960	6,325
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	385	160	225	2,615	1,035	1,580
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	300	150	150	8,755	4,380	4,380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	260	150	105	800	480	320
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	115	70	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,070	550	520	13,320	6,730	6,590
Car, truck, van - as a driver	835	430	410	9,465	4,965	4,495
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	85	50	35	575	170	410
Public transit	10	0	10	2,565	1,250	1,310
Walked	125	60	65	455	200	255
Bicycle	10	10	0	180	110	70
Other method	10	10	0	80	35	40
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,065	555	515	13,320	6,735	6,585
Less than 15 minutes	390	160	230	3,360	1,540	1,820
15 to 29 minutes	360	205	155	4,585	2,355	2,230
30 to 44 minutes	145	85	60	2,485	1,305	1,185
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	20	1,330	685	645
60 minutes and over	125	75	55	1,555	850	705
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,070	555	515	13,320	6,735	6,585
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	75	65	430	330	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	210	120	90	1,975	1,285	690
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	205	135	70	4,490	2,070	2,420
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	140	60	85	3,310	1,515	1,790
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	155	55	100	1,575	690	890
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	220	110	105	1,540	840	705
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,325	680	640	16,835	8,645	8,190
Single responses	1,325	685	640	14,290	7,415	6,880
Official languages	1,320	680	640	14,170	7,350	6,815
English	1,325	685	640	10,040	5,300	4,740
French	0	0	0	4,135	2,055	2,080
Non-official languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	120	60	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	15	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	65	35	35
Chinese languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	30	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	2,540	1,230	1,315
English and French	0	0	0	2,365	1,145	1,220
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	45	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	85	35	50
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,320	685	640	16,835	8,640	8,190
None	1,315	675	640	7,760	4,055	3,705
English	0	0	0	2,900	1,460	1,440
French	10	0	0	5,805	2,935	2,875
Non-official language	0	0	0	245	135	115
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	240	135	110
English and French	0	0	0	15	15	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	30	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,620	1,300	1,320	29,835	14,260	15,575
Non-movers	2,310	1,145	1,165	26,890	12,765	14,125
Movers	310	160	155	2,945	1,495	1,450
Non-migrants	70	35	30	1,335	690	645
Migrants	245	120	120	1,605	805	805
Internal migrants	245	120	125	1,300	655	650
Intraprovincial migrants	235	115	120	1,160	575	585
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	140	75	60
External migrants	0	0	0	310	150	155
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,475	1,220	1,255	28,730	13,705	15,030
Non-movers	1,515	765	750	19,925	9,415	10,515
Movers	965	455	510	8,800	4,290	4,510
Non-migrants	495	220	275	3,785	1,860	1,925
Migrants	470	235	235	5,020	2,430	2,585
Internal migrants	440	220	220	3,900	1,880	2,025
Intraprovincial migrants	415	205	210	3,550	1,725	1,825
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	355	155	200
External migrants	30	20	15	1,115	555	560

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Pointe-Claire, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Pointe-Claire, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec