Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Foothills [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Durham Ontario [Population centre]			Foothills Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Durham [Population centre], Ontario Map : Durham [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Foothills [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,609	...	...	113,227	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,635 ^r	...	...	105,515	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.0	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,196	...	...	44,928	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,152	...	...	41,318	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	810.7	...	...	5.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.22	...	...	20,865.99	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,610	1,265	1,345	113,225	56,590	56,635
0 to 14 years	370	195	175	21,825	11,235	10,595
0 to 4 years	115	60	55	6,130	3,125	3,005
5 to 9 years	120	55	55	7,785	4,025	3,760
10 to 14 years	140	75	60	7,910	4,080	3,830
15 to 64 years	1,455	745	715	72,570	36,085	36,485
15 to 19 years	130	75	50	7,560	3,955	3,605
20 to 24 years	115	65	50	5,680	2,995	2,685
25 to 29 years	130	60	70	4,745	2,360	2,385
30 to 34 years	125	65	65	6,040	2,935	3,105
35 to 39 years	130	55	70	6,955	3,365	3,585
40 to 44 years	135	70	60	7,515	3,685	3,830
45 to 49 years	155	75	75	7,840	3,830	4,010
50 to 54 years	170	95	75	8,740	4,275	4,470
55 to 59 years	185	80	100	9,315	4,585	4,735
60 to 64 years	185	90	90	8,180	4,100	4,080
65 years and over	780	325	455	18,830	9,275	9,560
65 to 69 years	205	85	125	6,955	3,515	3,445
70 to 74 years	185	90	95	4,850	2,445	2,410
75 to 79 years	140	55	80	3,165	1,585	1,575
80 to 84 years	120	50	65	2,090	1,020	1,070
85 years and over	135	50	85	1,775	710	1,060
85 to 89 years	80	35	45	1,175	525	650
90 to 94 years	45	15	35	485	155	325
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	95	30	70
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.2	15.4	13.0	19.3	19.9	18.7
15 to 64 years	55.7	58.9	53.2	64.1	63.8	64.4
65 years and over	29.9	25.7	33.8	16.6	16.4	16.9
85 years and over	5.2	4.0	6.3	1.6	1.3	1.9
Average age of the population	47.6	45.3	49.7	40.7	40.3	41.2
Median age of the population	50.6	47.3	53.4	42.6	42.0	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,155	...	...	41,315	...	...
Single-detached house	800	...	...	33,350	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	25	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	350	...	...	6,490	...	...
Semi-detached house	35	...	...	2,350	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	1,695	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	285	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	215	...	...	2,090	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	70	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,460	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,155	...	...	41,315	...	...
1 person	390	...	...	8,100	...	...
2 persons	440	...	...	16,195	...	...
3 persons	160	...	...	6,065	...	...
4 persons	105	...	...	6,555	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	4,405	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,480	...	...	109,665	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,240	1,070	1,170	91,400	45,360	46,045
Married or living common law	1,235	615	620	60,410	30,280	30,135
Married	1,040	520	525	52,670	26,405	26,260
Living common law	190	95	95	7,740	3,875	3,870
Not married and not living common law	1,005	450	550	30,995	15,080	15,910
Never married	480	290	190	19,815	10,965	8,855
Separated	110	50	65	1,975	885	1,090
Divorced	150	60	90	5,090	2,255	2,835
Widowed	265	50	210	4,110	975	3,135
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	735	...	...	32,895	...	...
2 persons	445	...	...	16,985	...	...
3 persons	155	...	...	5,965	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	6,455	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	3,490	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	730	...	...	32,895	...	...
Total couple families	595	...	...	29,260	...	...
Married couples	500	...	...	25,390	...	...
Common-law couples	95	...	...	3,870	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	135	...	...	3,635	...	...
Female parent	110	...	...	2,715	...	...
Male parent	30	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	595	...	...	29,260	...	...
Couples without children	360	...	...	14,890	...	...
Couples with children	235	...	...	14,370	...	...
1 child	105	...	...	4,855	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	6,140	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	3,370	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	3,635	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	2,090	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	1,110	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	515	230	285	12,945	6,465	6,480
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,155	...	...	41,315	...	...
One-census-family households	715	...	...	31,325	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	355	...	...	14,260	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	360	...	...	17,065	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	760	...	...
Non-census-family households	425	...	...	9,235	...	...
One-person households	395	...	...	8,105	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	1,135	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,505	1,230	1,280	112,240	56,250	55,990
English only	2,425	1,200	1,220	105,605	53,245	52,360
French only	0	0	0	30	20	15
English and French	85	30	60	6,295	2,835	3,455
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	305	145	165
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,505	1,230	1,280	112,240	56,245	55,995
English	2,490	1,220	1,270	110,525	55,365	55,165
French	15	5	10	1,270	675	595
English and French	0	0	0	155	75	80
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	295	140	155
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	10	10	1,345	710	635
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.8	0.8	1.2	1.3	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,510	1,230	1,275	112,240	56,250	55,990
Single responses	2,500	1,230	1,270	111,165	55,735	55,430
Official languages	2,420	1,190	1,225	100,410	50,485	49,925
English	2,400	1,180	1,215	99,000	49,740	49,260
French	15	10	10	1,410	745	670
Non-official languages	80	35	45	10,755	5,250	5,505
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	720	345	380
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	335	160	175
Blackfoot	0	0	0	295	145	155
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	55	15	35
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	50	15	30
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	335	170	165
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	5
Stoney	0	0	0	330	165	160
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	80	35	45	10,030	4,905	5,130
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	115	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	190	110	80
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	155	85	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	45	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,560	710	850
Bikol	0	0	0	30	20	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	85	35	45
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	50	30	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,330	595	740
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	75	30	45	7,175	3,570	3,610
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,160	540	620
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	5	5	0	1,150	535	615
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Croatian	0	5	0	65	30	35
Czech	0	0	0	105	50	60
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	360	165	190
Russian	0	0	0	215	90	125
Serbian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	60	35	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	225	105	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	10	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	4,275	2,110	2,165
Afrikaans	0	0	0	210	90	115
Danish	5	0	0	120	65	50
Dutch	20	10	10	1,000	495	505
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	5
German	20	5	15	2,845	1,410	1,440
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Swedish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	570	300	270
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	515	270	250
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hindi	0	0	0	55	30	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	250	130	120
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	60	30	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	5	10	1,090	580	515
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	220	135	85
Portuguese	0	0	0	70	30	40
Romanian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Spanish	10	5	5	735	375	360
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	55	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	190	95	100
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	370	175	195
Chinese languages	5	0	0	370	175	195
Cantonese	0	0	0	155	75	80
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	0	135	60	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	35	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	215	100	115
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	5	0	0	195	95	100
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	1,075	515	560
English and French	0	0	5	210	95	110
English and non-official language	5	5	5	820	395	425
French and non-official language	5	0	0	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,505	1,230	1,275	112,240	56,250	55,990
Single responses	2,490	1,225	1,265	110,335	55,325	55,015
Official languages	2,480	1,225	1,260	105,685	53,000	52,690
English	2,475	1,220	1,260	105,280	52,795	52,490
French	5	0	5	405	210	200
Non-official languages	10	5	10	4,645	2,325	2,325
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	370	185	180
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Blackfoot	0	0	0	110	55	55
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	130	130
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	255	125	125
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	4,280	2,140	2,140
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	75	40	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	830	430	395
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	20	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	760	390	370
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	2,870	1,415	1,455
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	285	145	145
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	290	140	145
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	125	65	60
Russian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	1,745	840	910
Afrikaans	0	0	0	130	65	65
Danish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	210	100	110
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	5	1,365	650	720
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	260	125	135
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	245	120	125
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hindi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	130	65	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	5	0	565	305	260
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	40	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Spanish	0	0	0	490	270	220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	120	55	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	195	100	95
Chinese languages	0	0	0	195	100	95
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	100	50	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	5	10	1,905	925	980
English and French	5	0	0	115	45	65
English and non-official language	15	5	10	1,755	860	895
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,510	1,230	1,275	112,245	56,245	55,990
None	2,475	1,215	1,255	104,940	52,785	52,150
English	5	0	0	2,550	1,265	1,285
French	10	0	5	1,050	470	580
Non-official language	30	10	15	3,595	1,680	1,920
Aboriginal	0	0	0	470	220	250
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	15	3,125	1,460	1,665
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
French and non-official language	0	0	5	50	15	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,105	1,025	1,090	88,335	44,015	44,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,030	980	1,050	84,140	42,015	42,130
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,392	32,368	23,177	41,311	55,702	31,024
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,030	980	1,050	84,175	42,020	42,155
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,716	29,248	22,669	36,954	48,032	28,500
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,720	845	870	78,840	40,290	38,550
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,520	30,656	17,515	39,663	54,148	28,832
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,630	740	890	49,265	19,550	29,710
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,732	9,984	11,290	6,148	8,394	5,186
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,255	655	600	64,520	34,125	30,395
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,320	33,648	22,848	37,770	52,317	27,799
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,195	1,085	1,115	88,350	43,965	44,390
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,110	1,040	1,070	84,090	41,990	42,095
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,955	38,864	29,185	78,134	107,849	48,493
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,110	1,040	1,070	84,120	42,000	42,120
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,991	33,806	26,282	60,883	81,568	40,258
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,825	915	905	78,760	40,245	38,515
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,930	35,893	23,912	78,392	108,183	47,257
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,700	785	920	49,420	19,555	29,860
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,077	9,680	10,416	8,018	8,934	7,418
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,335	690	650	64,515	34,050	30,460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,302	37,448	24,722	70,602	96,544	41,604
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,200	1,085	1,115	88,350	43,965	44,385
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	700	425	270	28,935	17,420	11,520
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	39,045	42,654	32,935	64,657	76,665	51,036
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	43,509	47,634	36,982	106,313	133,130	65,751
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	75.1	80.9	68.2	94.1	96.2	89.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.0	66.7	52.1	67.3	70.2	60.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	24.9	19.0	32.3	5.9	3.8	10.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,110	1,025	1,085	88,340	44,015	44,325
Without total income	80	45	35	4,195	2,000	2,200
With total income	2,030	980	1,050	84,145	42,015	42,125
Percentage with total income	96.2	95.6	96.8	95.3	95.5	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	235	100	135	11,550	4,225	7,325
$10,000 to $19,999	435	165	270	10,805	3,915	6,890
$20,000 to $29,999	430	185	245	10,290	3,980	6,305
$30,000 to $39,999	310	135	175	8,380	3,535	4,840
$40,000 to $49,999	230	120	110	7,295	3,465	3,830
$50,000 to $59,999	135	85	50	6,050	3,090	2,960
$60,000 to $69,999	95	70	30	4,870	2,705	2,165
$70,000 to $79,999	50	30	15	3,960	2,400	1,555
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	3,270	2,035	1,235
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	10	2,980	1,860	1,120
$100,000 and over	50	45	10	14,695	10,800	3,895
$100,000 to $149,999	40	30	5	7,520	5,195	2,325
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	7,175	5,605	1,575
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,110	1,020	1,085	88,340	44,015	44,325
Without after-tax income	80	45	35	4,165	1,990	2,170
With after-tax income	2,030	980	1,055	84,180	42,025	42,155
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.1	97.2	95.3	95.5	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	240	105	140	12,010	4,350	7,655
$10,000 to $19,999	460	175	280	11,320	4,105	7,220
$20,000 to $29,999	500	225	275	11,695	4,540	7,155
$30,000 to $39,999	330	155	175	10,005	4,505	5,500
$40,000 to $49,999	235	135	105	8,475	4,265	4,210
$50,000 to $59,999	120	80	40	6,480	3,605	2,875
$60,000 to $69,999	50	35	15	5,105	3,140	1,970
$70,000 to $79,999	40	25	15	4,110	2,600	1,515
$80,000 and over	50	40	10	14,970	10,910	4,060
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	3,315	2,180	1,135
$90,000 to $99,999	5	10	0	2,215	1,550	665
$100,000 and over	20	15	0	9,440	7,175	2,265
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,110	1,025	1,085	88,340	44,015	44,325
Without employment income	855	365	490	23,820	9,885	13,930
With employment income	1,255	660	595	64,520	34,125	30,395
Percentage with employment income	59.5	64.4	54.8	73.0	77.5	68.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	195	95	100	9,880	4,705	5,175
$5,000 to $9,999	115	40	70	4,745	1,950	2,800
$10,000 to $19,999	165	75	95	7,345	3,005	4,340
$20,000 to $29,999	180	85	95	5,955	2,300	3,655
$30,000 to $39,999	200	90	110	5,540	2,375	3,165
$40,000 to $49,999	135	80	55	4,645	2,185	2,460
$50,000 to $59,999	90	70	25	4,165	2,130	2,035
$60,000 to $69,999	65	45	15	3,370	1,880	1,490
$70,000 to $79,999	30	20	10	2,795	1,715	1,075
$80,000 and over	85	65	20	16,080	11,880	4,200
$80,000 to $89,999	25	10	5	2,505	1,635	870
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	2,450	1,580	875
$100,000 and over	40	35	5	11,120	8,670	2,450
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,150	...	...	41,320	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	48,640	...	...	97,257	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,632	...	...	82,959	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	395	...	...	8,105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,939	...	...	40,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,288	...	...	36,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	755	...	...	33,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,254	...	...	114,047	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,878	...	...	96,740	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,195	...	...	41,340	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,091	...	...	158,936	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,074	...	...	123,888	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	370	...	...	8,130	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,498	...	...	61,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,371	...	...	50,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	825	...	...	33,215	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,928	...	...	182,759	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,165	...	...	141,893	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,155	...	...	41,315	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	510	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	355	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	435	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	780	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	1,375	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	65	...	...	1,070	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	1,260	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	1,425	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	1,325	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	1,250	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	100	...	...	2,470	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	2,410	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	2,135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	65	...	...	2,305	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	55	...	...	2,140	...	...
$100,000 and over	165	...	...	20,070	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	4,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	3,645	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	4,560	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	7,265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,150	...	...	41,320	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	625	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	360	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	455	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	820	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	115	...	...	1,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	1,230	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	1,460	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	1,605	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	1,505	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	60	...	...	1,520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	3,035	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	105	...	...	2,815	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	2,825	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	55	...	...	2,750	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	50	...	...	2,450	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	16,405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	4,900	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	3,315	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	8,195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	730	...	...	32,465	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,254	...	...	112,706	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,827	...	...	95,578	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	340	...	...	14,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	97,219	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,832	...	...	82,997	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	240	...	...	14,450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,763	...	...	143,959	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,520	...	...	119,931	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	3,285	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,440	...	...	59,994	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,624	...	...	54,680	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	795	...	...	32,525	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,740	...	...	182,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,995	...	...	141,511	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	385	...	...	14,090	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,905	...	...	148,223	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,332	...	...	117,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	275	...	...	14,505	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,893	...	...	239,405	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,198	...	...	182,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	3,285	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,221	...	...	89,385	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,591	...	...	73,693	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	465	215	250	11,165	5,625	5,540
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,640	27,648	23,360	38,676	44,640	33,453
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,984	25,685	22,891	34,754	39,155	30,724
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	470	230	230	11,125	5,510	5,610
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,014	30,909	29,117	56,728	65,387	48,223
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,937	27,272	26,602	46,634	52,432	40,938
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,480	1,220	1,260	109,665	55,005	54,655
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,705	800	905	39,870	19,165	20,710
In the bottom decile	245	125	120	7,135	3,400	3,735
In the second decile	440	180	260	7,160	3,275	3,885
In the third decile	400	195	205	8,080	3,825	4,250
In the fourth decile	330	160	165	8,590	4,210	4,380
In the fifth decile	300	140	150	8,910	4,445	4,465
In the top half of the distribution	775	415	360	69,795	35,845	33,950
In the sixth decile	260	145	115	9,140	4,610	4,525
In the seventh decile	205	105	100	10,285	5,265	5,020
In the eighth decile	130	70	55	11,325	5,805	5,525
In the ninth decile	145	75	65	13,740	7,105	6,640
In the top decile	40	20	15	25,305	13,065	12,235
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,480	1,220	1,265	105,915	53,110	52,805
0 to 17 years	445	245	205	24,675	12,740	11,935
0 to 5 years	150	75	70	6,935	3,555	3,375
18 to 64 years	1,370	690	675	64,240	31,775	32,465
65 years and over	665	280	380	16,995	8,595	8,405
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	470	215	260	8,565	3,940	4,630
0 to 17 years	100	50	45	2,500	1,275	1,225
0 to 5 years	45	20	20	770	380	385
18 to 64 years	245	120	125	4,815	2,125	2,690
65 years and over	125	35	90	1,250	535	720
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	17.6	20.6	8.1	7.4	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	22.5	20.4	22.0	10.1	10.0	10.3
0 to 5 years (%)	30.0	26.7	28.6	11.1	10.7	11.4
18 to 64 years (%)	17.9	17.4	18.5	7.5	6.7	8.3
65 years and over (%)	18.8	12.5	23.7	7.4	6.2	8.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	160	90	70	3,925	1,870	2,060
0 to 17 years	30	20	10	1,100	550	555
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	325	170	160
18 to 64 years	125	70	55	2,555	1,180	1,375
65 years and over	5	0	5	270	135	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.5	7.4	5.5	3.7	3.5	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.7	8.2	4.9	4.5	4.3	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	13.3	14.3	4.7	4.8	4.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	10.1	8.1	4.0	3.7	4.2
65 years and over (%)	0.8	0.0	1.3	1.6	1.6	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,655	1,315	1,340	109,780	54,995	54,785
Official languages	2,655	1,320	1,340	109,500	54,885	54,620
English	2,655	1,320	1,335	109,460	54,870	54,595
French	90	45	50	6,230	2,735	3,495
Non-official languages	115	65	45	12,825	6,445	6,380
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,105	545	560
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	695	350	340
Blackfoot	0	0	0	660	330	330
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	65	20	45
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	65	25	45
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	55	20	30
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	345	175	175
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	345	170	175
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	65	50	11,730	5,900	5,830
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	265	150	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	260	145	120
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	205	125	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	10	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	30	10	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	110	60	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	55	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	2,100	1,020	1,080
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	135	75	65
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	75	60	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	65	50	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	10	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,980	950	1,030
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	35	20	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages	10	0	10	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	45	35
Kannada	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	65	40	8,070	4,110	3,960
Albanian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	1,355	670	685
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,345	665	680
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	70	45	30
Czech	0	0	0	125	65	65
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	420	215	205
Russian	0	0	0	395	190	205
Serbian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	60	40	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	230	110	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages	10	0	0	45	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	20	0
Welsh	0	0	10	20	0	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	50	20	3,635	1,910	1,725
Afrikaans	0	0	0	250	130	120
Danish	0	0	0	115	75	40
Dutch	35	25	15	1,240	620	615
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
German	50	35	15	2,040	1,080	950
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	55	20	25
Swedish	0	0	0	70	45	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	35	25
Greek	10	0	10	75	30	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	0	845	445	405
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	765	405	360
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	90	45	40
Hindi	0	0	0	345	175	165
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	30	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	400	210	185
Sindhi	0	0	0	30	0	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Urdu	10	0	0	75	40	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	40	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	10	2,335	1,160	1,180
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	340	180	155
Portuguese	0	0	0	95	70	25
Romanian	0	0	0	105	60	45
Spanish	10	10	10	1,840	860	980
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	115	50	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	265	150	120
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	140	60	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	35	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	0	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	415	185	230
Chinese languages	0	0	0	415	185	230
Cantonese	0	0	0	195	85	105
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	200	85	115
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	205	105	100
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	15	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	175	90	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,655	1,320	1,340	109,780	54,995	54,790
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,605	1,300	1,300	103,970	52,120	51,855
Canadian citizens aged under 18	510	265	245	24,675	12,640	12,040
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,090	1,035	1,055	79,295	39,475	39,815
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	55	15	35	5,810	2,875	2,935
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,660	1,320	1,340	109,780	54,995	54,785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,530	1,265	1,265	95,515	47,980	47,535
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	120	50	70	12,970	6,275	6,690
Before 1981	70	30	35	4,520	2,240	2,285
1981 to 1990	15	0	10	1,160	495	660
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	1,510	740	775
2001 to 2010	10	10	10	3,280	1,595	1,690
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,320	615	705
2006 to 2010	15	10	10	1,965	980	985
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	15	2,490	1,210	1,280
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	1,300	740	560
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	125	50	70	12,970	6,275	6,690
Under 5 years	10	0	0	1,535	805	730
5 to 14 years	25	15	10	2,840	1,470	1,370
15 to 24 years	50	15	30	2,480	1,085	1,390
25 to 44 years	30	10	20	5,185	2,455	2,730
45 years and over	10	0	0	925	455	465
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	120	50	70	12,965	6,280	6,690
Americas	35	10	25	2,115	870	1,250
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	60	15	45
El Salvador	0	0	0	35	20	20
Guyana	0	0	0	20	20	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	10	25
Mexico	0	0	0	260	135	125
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	10	25	1,440	575	870
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	215	85	130
Europe	85	40	45	7,030	3,595	3,435
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	45	35	15
Croatia	0	0	0	45	25	20
France	0	0	0	60	35	25
Germany	0	0	0	725	360	370
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	100	65	35
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Italy	10	0	10	115	70	45
Netherlands	25	20	10	850	445	410
Poland	10	0	10	265	125	140
Portugal	0	0	0	30	20	10
Romania	0	0	0	95	50	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	90	35	55
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	10	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	95	50	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	15	3,625	1,795	1,830
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	730	420	315
Africa	0	0	0	700	365	335
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	35	20	15
Morocco	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	70	40	35
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	330	165	170
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	185	90	95
Asia	10	0	0	2,855	1,320	1,535
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	180	90	90
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	85	35	50
India	0	0	0	390	185	205
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	60	30	25
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	190	100	90
Lebanon	0	0	0	55	35	20
Pakistan	10	0	0	50	30	20
Philippines	0	0	0	1,505	670	830
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	75	30	50
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	190	85	105
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	265	125	140
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	15	2,490	1,205	1,280
Americas	10	0	0	250	95	160
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mexico	0	0	0	55	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	125	45	80
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	10	35
Europe	20	10	10	690	375	315
France	0	0	0	20	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	35	15	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	450	255	195
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	135	65	70
Africa	0	0	0	180	80	100
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	10	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	115	50	60
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	20	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	1,350	645	700
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	60	35	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Australia	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,655	1,320	1,335	109,785	54,995	54,785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	135	55	80	15,010	7,360	7,650
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	340	160	180	18,695	9,450	9,245
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,180	1,105	1,075	76,075	38,180	37,895
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	55	20	35	8,645	4,135	4,505
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15	10	0	5,930	3,040	2,890
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,210	1,620	585
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	10	3,725	1,420	2,305
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	0	25	2,150	770	1,385
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	490	290	200
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	70	40	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,660	1,320	1,340	109,780	54,995	54,790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	105	45	60	7,030	3,495	3,535
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	95	40	60	6,925	3,450	3,475
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	50	15	35	4,320	2,135	2,190
Métis	50	25	25	2,510	1,280	1,230
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	90	35	60
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	55	15	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,555	1,275	1,280	102,750	51,500	51,255
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,655	1,315	1,335	109,780	54,995	54,790
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	4,025	1,970	2,050
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,650	1,320	1,335	105,760	53,025	52,735
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,655	1,320	1,340	109,780	54,995	54,790
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	10	3,310	1,640	1,670
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	3,300	1,635	1,665
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	3,110	1,515	1,595
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	180	115	70
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	140	75	70	5,495	2,765	2,735
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	140	70	70	5,225	2,625	2,600
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	40	50	2,800	1,400	1,400
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	30	20	2,325	1,185	1,140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	100	35	65
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	275	140	135
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	270	140	135
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,510	1,250	1,260	100,975	50,590	50,385
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,660	1,320	1,340	109,785	54,995	54,790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15	15	0	6,705	3,300	3,405
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,225	635	590
Chinese	0	0	0	800	345	450
Black	10	0	0	655	355	305
Filipino	0	0	0	2,235	1,060	1,180
Latin American	0	0	0	520	225	295
Arab	0	0	0	160	85	75
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	230	100	125
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Korean	0	0	0	275	150	125
Japanese	0	0	0	230	120	105
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	110	60	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	225	140	85
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,640	1,305	1,335	103,075	51,695	51,380
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,660	1,315	1,340	109,780	54,995	54,785
North American Aboriginal origins	150	70	80	8,805	4,405	4,405
First Nations (North American Indian)	100	40	60	6,195	3,065	3,135
Inuit	0	0	0	105	40	65
Métis	50	25	20	2,790	1,445	1,345
Other North American origins	965	505	460	30,335	15,330	15,005
Acadian	10	10	0	165	65	105
American	40	10	25	3,105	1,560	1,550
Canadian	940	505	435	28,335	14,330	14,010
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	30	25	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	0
European origins	2,160	1,050	1,110	87,290	43,630	43,660
British Isles origins	1,760	860	895	60,155	29,615	30,540
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	15	10	10
English	1,000	475	530	36,795	17,900	18,895
Irish	845	415	430	21,515	10,215	11,300
Manx	0	0	0	45	20	30
Scottish	870	410	460	27,180	13,195	13,985
Welsh	40	0	35	3,180	1,610	1,575
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	75	40	35	3,065	1,465	1,595
French origins	230	130	100	12,155	5,780	6,370
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	10
French	235	130	105	12,130	5,775	6,355
Western European origins (except French origins)	860	425	435	31,855	16,095	15,765
Austrian	35	20	15	1,290	615	680
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	0	15	920	430	490
Dutch	115	55	55	8,570	4,330	4,245
Flemish	0	0	0	75	45	30
Frisian	0	0	0	35	15	15
German	725	360	365	23,050	11,655	11,390
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	0	15
Swiss	10	0	0	975	465	510
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	20	15	12,240	5,955	6,285
Danish	10	0	0	2,640	1,300	1,340
Finnish	0	0	0	650	360	290
Icelandic	0	0	0	705	320	385
Norwegian	10	0	10	5,445	2,525	2,915
Swedish	15	10	10	3,745	1,810	1,935
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	435	250	190
Eastern European origins	150	60	90	19,110	9,535	9,575
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	25	50
Byelorussian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Czech	0	0	0	945	510	440
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	525	290	235
Estonian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Hungarian	10	0	10	1,970	910	1,070
Latvian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Lithuanian	10	10	0	200	110	90
Moldovan	0	0	0	60	40	20
Polish	50	25	30	5,165	2,560	2,605
Romanian	0	0	0	815	355	455
Russian	35	15	20	3,535	1,695	1,835
Slovak	0	0	0	365	195	175
Ukrainian	45	15	30	8,690	4,465	4,225
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	75	30	45
Southern European origins	90	45	40	5,665	2,880	2,790
Albanian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bosnian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	355	215	145
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	365	190	175
Italian	50	30	20	3,260	1,665	1,595
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maltese	0	10	0	105	60	45
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	275	150	125
Serbian	0	0	0	135	80	45
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	20	0	10	110	70	40
Spanish	0	0	10	835	360	475
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	245	125	115
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	610	315	295
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	15
Jewish	0	0	0	165	90	70
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	395	210	185
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	405	190	215
Antiguan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Barbadian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	160	90	65
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	10	1,025	460	565
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	80	35	45
Colombian	0	0	0	60	10	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	70	25	45
Guyanese	20	10	15	15	15	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	15	0
Mexican	0	0	0	540	250	290
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	80	35	45
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	50	20	30
African origins	10	0	10	930	470	460
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	100	60	40
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	20	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	55	30	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	25	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	55	35	20
North African origins	0	0	10	180	90	90
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	65	25	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	55	25	30
Sudanese	0	0	0	60	40	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	365	170	200
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	25	0	20
Ethiopian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	250	100	145
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	20	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Other African origins	10	0	10	350	200	155
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	10	30	10	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	325	185	135
Asian origins	20	10	10	5,925	2,865	3,055
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	10	585	280	305
Afghan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	20	0	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	285	145	140
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	45	15	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins	10	0	0	1,290	675	620
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	1,010	510	495
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	25	0
Pakistani	0	10	0	40	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	125	60	60
Sinhalese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	4,010	1,910	2,105
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	50	30	15
Chinese	0	0	0	930	400	530
Filipino	0	0	0	2,290	1,110	1,185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Japanese	10	0	0	360	185	175
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	285	155	130
Laotian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	110	60	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	80	40	40
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Oceania origins	0	10	0	560	230	335
Australian	0	0	0	320	105	215
New Zealander	0	0	0	170	100	70
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	125	55	70
Fijian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	65	35	30
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	35	25	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,190	...	...	41,340	...	...
Owner	830	...	...	34,460	...	...
Renter	365	...	...	6,560	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,190	...	...	41,340	...	...
Condominium	50	...	...	4,170	...	...
Not condominium	1,140	...	...	37,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,190	...	...	41,340	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	155	...	...	1,610	...	...
2 bedrooms	350	...	...	7,405	...	...
3 bedrooms	460	...	...	15,440	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	220	...	...	16,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,190	...	...	41,340	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	265	...	...	4,710	...	...
5 rooms	180	...	...	5,535	...	...
6 rooms	210	...	...	6,100	...	...
7 rooms	175	...	...	6,095	...	...
8 or more rooms	370	...	...	18,900	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,190	...	...	41,340	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,185	...	...	40,870	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,195	...	...	41,340	...	...
Suitable	1,160	...	...	40,285	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	1,055	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,195	...	...	41,340	...	...
1960 or before	580	...	...	5,510	...	...
1961 to 1980	290	...	...	8,615	...	...
1981 to 1990	95	...	...	4,420	...	...
1991 to 2000	115	...	...	7,365	...	...
2001 to 2005	25	...	...	5,320	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	6,650	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	40	...	...	3,455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,195	...	...	41,340	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,080	...	...	38,710	...	...
Major repairs needed	115	...	...	2,630	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,195	...	...	41,340	...	...
1 household maintainer	780	...	...	23,235	...	...
2 household maintainers	400	...	...	17,415	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,190	...	...	41,340	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	655	...	...
25 to 34 years	130	...	...	4,070	...	...
35 to 44 years	180	...	...	7,260	...	...
45 to 54 years	175	...	...	8,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	175	...	...	9,820	...	...
65 to 74 years	250	...	...	6,770	...	...
75 to 84 years	170	...	...	3,195	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,195	...	...	38,435	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	940	...	...	31,075	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	7,365	...	...
30% to less than 100%	235	...	...	6,445	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	830	...	...	32,095	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.7	...	...	59.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	15.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	773	...	...	1,305	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	862	...	...	1,569	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	197,763	...	...	427,670	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	221,322	...	...	586,136	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	365	...	...	6,485	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.8	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.5	...	...	38.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	714	...	...	1,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	747	...	...	1,277	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,195	1,085	1,115	88,355	43,965	44,385
No certificate, diploma or degree	725	380	345	14,275	7,690	6,590
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	570	275	295	25,320	12,155	13,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	900	430	470	48,760	24,120	24,635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	240	165	70	9,510	7,265	2,245
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	120	75	50	2,960	1,570	1,395
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	115	90	20	6,545	5,695	850
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	470	175	300	18,795	7,310	11,485
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	20	10	2,725	1,015	1,715
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	165	70	90	17,730	8,540	9,190
Bachelor's degree	110	50	65	12,850	5,840	7,015
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	1,005	470	530
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	720	460	255
Master's degree	25	15	10	2,720	1,460	1,255
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	435	305	135
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,220	585	630	58,140	28,445	29,685
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	160	135	5,630	3,265	2,370
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	340	170	170	15,450	7,335	8,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	585	260	330	37,055	17,845	19,210
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	140	95	45	6,825	5,260	1,560
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	70	45	30	2,050	1,090	960
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	55	15	4,775	4,175	600
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	345	125	220	14,350	5,450	8,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	0	1,870	700	1,165
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	95	30	60	14,020	6,430	7,590
Bachelor's degree	50	15	40	10,220	4,485	5,735
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	750	325	425
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	575	335	240
Master's degree	25	15	10	2,200	1,120	1,085
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	270	170	100
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,200	1,085	1,115	88,350	43,965	44,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,295	650	645	39,595	19,845	19,750
Education	35	10	30	3,790	950	2,835
13. Education	40	10	30	3,790	950	2,835
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	40	20	1,430	510	925
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	20	0	285	200	90
50. Visual and performing arts	40	20	20	1,150	310	830
Humanities	75	45	30	1,610	700	910
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	105	20	80
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	305	95	210
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	10	0	520	185	330
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	70	40	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	365	225	135
54. History	10	10	0	215	130	90
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	50	3,900	1,115	2,780
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	470	130	340
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	745	30	715
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	690	210	475
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	10	45	20	25
42. Psychology	0	0	10	695	150	545
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,220	570	650
Business, management and public administration	110	40	75	9,820	3,600	6,220
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	10	505	105	400
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	95	35	65	9,300	3,495	5,810
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	1,830	1,020	805
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	545	225	320
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	320	165	150
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	15	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	830	575	255
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	125	45	75
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	25	15	950	615	345
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	10	745	520	225
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	0	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	135	85	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	170	155	15	12,460	11,535	925
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	305	190	115
14. Engineering	10	10	0	2,275	1,995	280
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	25	10	2,450	2,110	340
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	50	50	0	2,970	2,890	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	65	65	0	3,120	3,035	85
48. Precision production	15	10	0	1,340	1,315	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	2,015	1,305	710
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	0	20	1,510	1,000	510
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	505	310	205
Health and related fields	200	20	175	8,190	1,375	6,815
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	555	185	370
51. Health professions and related programs	195	20	170	7,475	1,080	6,390
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	160	110	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	75	50	2,760	1,390	1,375
12. Personal and culinary services	45	15	35	1,650	400	1,250
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	20	0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	20	500	415	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	590	555	40
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,215	590	635	58,135	28,450	29,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	630	330	305	21,080	10,600	10,480
Education	20	10	15	2,720	620	2,100
13. Education	20	10	15	2,715	620	2,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	30	15	1,085	345	735
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	215	130	85
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	15	870	215	655
Humanities	60	40	25	1,135	455	685
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	75	0	75
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	225	55	170
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	420	155	265
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	60	40	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	15	215	140	75
54. History	10	0	0	135	70	65
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	0	35	3,150	820	2,335
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	370	95	280
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	595	25	570
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	600	165	435
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	25	10	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	535	100	435
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	980	415	560
Business, management and public administration	85	25	55	7,580	2,690	4,895
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	390	65	330
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70	25	45	7,175	2,620	4,555
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,385	725	660
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	390	145	250
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	250	125	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	635	410	220
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	100	35	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	790	530	260
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	665	465	205
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	75	60	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	85	10	9,300	8,495	805
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	250	165	90
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,760	1,500	255
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	10	1,855	1,565	290
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	2,220	2,150	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	2,250	2,180	75
48. Precision production	10	10	0	950	940	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	1,605	995	610
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	1,165	720	440
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	440	275	170
Health and related fields	135	15	125	6,175	1,065	5,110
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	480	140	345
51. Health professions and related programs	130	10	120	5,585	860	4,725
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	115	70	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	55	40	2,125	1,105	1,020
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	25	1,230	305	930
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	20	435	365	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	450	430	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,200	1,085	1,110	88,350	43,965	44,390
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,295	650	640	39,600	19,850	19,750
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	900	430	470	48,755	24,120	24,635
Location of study inside Canada	830	400	430	41,980	20,630	21,345
Same as province or territory of residence	785	365	420	30,190	14,645	15,545
Different than province or territory of residence	45	35	10	11,785	5,985	5,800
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	35	40	6,775	3,485	3,290
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	20	30	2,265	1,195	1,070
Philippines	0	0	0	770	330	440
India	0	0	0	200	110	85
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	10	0	1,510	810	700
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	45	20	30
France	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other	25	10	15	1,940	995	950
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,220	590	630	58,140	28,450	29,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	635	330	305	21,080	10,605	10,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	585	260	325	37,055	17,845	19,210
Location of study inside Canada	530	240	300	31,910	15,340	16,570
Same as province or territory of residence	505	210	290	23,180	11,090	12,090
Different than province or territory of residence	30	30	0	8,730	4,250	4,480
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	55	25	35	5,145	2,505	2,645
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	15	25	1,680	800	875
Philippines	0	0	0	740	315	420
India	0	0	0	155	80	75
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,045	555	495
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	15	30
France	0	0	0	40	25	15
Other	10	0	10	1,435	705	730
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,200	1,085	1,115	88,350	43,965	44,385
In the labour force	1,240	645	600	59,490	32,180	27,310
Employed	1,150	600	555	54,755	29,250	25,500
Unemployed	90	50	45	4,735	2,935	1,805
Not in the labour force	955	440	515	28,860	11,785	17,080
Participation rate	56.4	59.4	53.8	67.3	73.2	61.5
Employment rate	52.3	55.3	49.8	62.0	66.5	57.5
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.8	7.5	8.0	9.1	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,195	1,085	1,115	88,355	43,965	44,390
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	890	410	485	25,050	9,965	15,080
Worked	1,310	675	630	63,300	34,000	29,305
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	720	435	285	30,715	18,590	12,130
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	585	235	345	32,585	15,410	17,180
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.3	45.0	43.5	42.2	42.9	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,245	645	595	59,490	32,180	27,310
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	30	910	485	430
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,215	645	570	58,580	31,705	26,875
Employee	1,055	550	505	47,230	24,765	22,465
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	160	95	65	11,355	6,940	4,415
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,240	645	595	59,490	32,185	27,310
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	25	910	485	430
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,215	645	565	58,580	31,700	26,880
0 Management occupations	90	55	40	9,430	6,355	3,070
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	150	45	110	8,740	1,940	6,800
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	3,615	2,850	760
3 Health occupations	90	15	80	3,845	765	3,085
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	35	60	5,425	1,770	3,650
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	15	10	1,540	470	1,070
6 Sales and service occupations	285	110	175	11,190	4,435	6,750
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	225	200	20	9,885	9,235	650
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	30	0	3,000	2,305	705
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	175	110	65	1,905	1,570	335
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,245	645	595	59,495	32,180	27,305
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	0	30	910	485	430
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,210	650	570	58,580	31,700	26,880
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	15	0	3,640	2,355	1,280
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	3,865	3,085	780
22 Utilities	10	10	0	535	410	125
23 Construction	140	125	15	6,590	5,585	1,005
31-33 Manufacturing	260	180	80	3,315	2,455	865
41 Wholesale trade	45	20	25	1,925	1,385	540
44-45 Retail trade	155	65	90	5,780	2,635	3,145
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	35	15	2,465	1,775	695
51 Information and cultural industries	20	10	10	680	330	350
52 Finance and insurance	25	10	15	1,735	535	1,195
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	1,095	570	525
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	10	4,640	2,485	2,155
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	170	80	95
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	20	15	2,240	1,235	1,005
61 Educational services	30	10	25	3,415	855	2,560
62 Health care and social assistance	160	15	140	6,280	1,040	5,240
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	20	0	1,705	825	880
72 Accommodation and food services	110	40	70	3,210	1,190	2,020
81 Other services (except public administration)	85	45	35	2,620	1,285	1,340
91 Public administration	35	20	10	2,670	1,600	1,075
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,150	600	555	54,750	29,250	25,505
Worked at home	75	35	40	7,695	3,585	4,105
Worked outside Canada	0	10	0	305	235	70
No fixed workplace address	125	95	35	8,490	6,410	2,075
Worked at usual place	940	465	480	38,265	19,020	19,245
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	940	465	480	38,265	19,020	19,245
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	385	160	225	12,940	4,955	7,985
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	300	150	150	21,730	11,715	10,020
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	260	150	105	2,750	1,680	1,065
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	850	670	180
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,070	550	520	46,755	25,430	21,325
Car, truck, van - as a driver	835	430	410	40,475	22,370	18,110
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	85	50	35	2,110	995	1,115
Public transit	10	0	10	1,040	570	470
Walked	125	60	65	2,090	850	1,230
Bicycle	10	10	0	250	155	90
Other method	10	10	0	790	490	305
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,065	555	515	46,755	25,430	21,325
Less than 15 minutes	390	160	230	15,410	6,615	8,790
15 to 29 minutes	360	205	155	11,320	5,755	5,565
30 to 44 minutes	145	85	60	9,965	6,380	3,585
45 to 59 minutes	45	25	20	5,720	3,700	2,020
60 minutes and over	125	75	55	4,350	2,980	1,370
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,070	555	515	46,755	25,430	21,325
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	140	75	65	4,035	3,090	935
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	210	120	90	10,515	7,070	3,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	205	135	70	12,750	6,905	5,845
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	140	60	85	8,720	3,500	5,215
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	155	55	100	4,830	1,785	3,045
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	220	110	105	5,910	3,070	2,840
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,325	680	640	64,970	34,735	30,235
Single responses	1,325	685	640	64,725	34,625	30,100
Official languages	1,320	680	640	64,610	34,565	30,040
English	1,325	685	640	64,495	34,545	29,955
French	0	0	0	115	20	90
Non-official languages	0	0	0	115	60	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	40	25	20
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	245	110	130
English and French	0	0	0	85	40	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	160	75	80
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,320	685	640	64,970	34,740	30,235
None	1,315	675	640	63,550	34,025	29,525
English	0	0	0	170	60	110
French	10	0	0	405	185	220
Non-official language	0	0	0	820	450	370
Aboriginal	0	0	0	145	60	85
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	675	395	285
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,620	1,300	1,320	108,730	54,415	54,315
Non-movers	2,310	1,145	1,165	95,860	48,055	47,805
Movers	310	160	155	12,870	6,360	6,510
Non-migrants	70	35	30	5,305	2,600	2,705
Migrants	245	120	120	7,565	3,760	3,805
Internal migrants	245	120	125	6,895	3,425	3,470
Intraprovincial migrants	235	115	120	5,910	2,955	2,960
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	985	475	515
External migrants	0	0	0	670	335	335
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,475	1,220	1,255	103,845	51,915	51,930
Non-movers	1,515	765	750	63,735	31,940	31,795
Movers	965	455	510	40,105	19,975	20,125
Non-migrants	495	220	275	15,230	7,535	7,700
Migrants	470	235	235	24,875	12,445	12,430
Internal migrants	440	220	220	22,065	11,030	11,040
Intraprovincial migrants	415	205	210	17,180	8,580	8,600
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	4,890	2,445	2,445
External migrants	30	20	15	2,810	1,420	1,390

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Foothills [Federal electoral district], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Foothills [Federal electoral district], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Foothills [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Durham [Population centre], Ontario and Foothills [Federal electoral district], Alberta