Census Profile, 2016 Census
Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia and St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Enderby British Columbia [Population centre]			St. John's Newfoundland and Labrador [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,964	...	...	205,955	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,932	...	...	196,954^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.1	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,443	...	...	92,353	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,391	...	...	85,015	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	695.3	...	...	255.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.26	...	...	804.79	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,965	1,430	1,535	205,955	99,875	106,080
0 to 14 years	435	235	195	32,465	16,650	15,815
0 to 4 years	160	90	70	10,280	5,295	4,985
5 to 9 years	170	100	65	11,385	5,785	5,600
10 to 14 years	105	45	60	10,795	5,575	5,225
15 to 64 years	1,670	800	870	142,940	69,645	73,290
15 to 19 years	125	55	70	10,955	5,590	5,360
20 to 24 years	95	50	40	13,965	6,830	7,135
25 to 29 years	155	80	75	15,165	7,615	7,555
30 to 34 years	170	80	85	14,895	7,295	7,595
35 to 39 years	120	60	55	14,620	7,010	7,610
40 to 44 years	135	70	65	14,565	7,125	7,440
45 to 49 years	140	65	75	14,890	7,145	7,750
50 to 54 years	205	90	115	15,840	7,545	8,300
55 to 59 years	275	115	160	14,790	7,150	7,640
60 to 64 years	260	130	135	13,245	6,340	6,910
65 years and over	855	390	470	30,555	13,575	16,975
65 to 69 years	240	110	130	11,270	5,300	5,970
70 to 74 years	210	95	120	7,850	3,675	4,170
75 to 79 years	180	85	95	5,030	2,265	2,765
80 to 84 years	115	55	60	3,345	1,370	1,975
85 years and over	115	55	65	3,060	960	2,100
85 to 89 years	70	35	35	1,925	645	1,280
90 to 94 years	30	15	20	885	260	625
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	205	50	160
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	10	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.7	16.4	12.7	15.8	16.7	14.9
15 to 64 years	56.3	55.9	56.7	69.4	69.7	69.1
65 years and over	28.8	27.3	30.6	14.8	13.6	16.0
85 years and over	3.9	3.8	4.2	1.5	1.0	2.0
Average age of the population	47.7	46.0	49.3	40.3	39.3	41.2
Median age of the population	53.3	50.4	54.7	40.3	39.2	41.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
Single-detached house	860	...	...	46,445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	550	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	510	...	...	37,885	...	...
Semi-detached house	115	...	...	3,990	...	...
Row house	150	...	...	6,160	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	45	...	...	20,875	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	180	...	...	6,705	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	160	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
1 person	495	...	...	21,770	...	...
2 persons	550	...	...	30,920	...	...
3 persons	150	...	...	15,395	...	...
4 persons	120	...	...	12,570	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	4,365	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,930	...	...	203,305	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,525	1,190	1,340	173,495	83,225	90,270
Married or living common law	1,495	745	740	100,780	50,335	50,440
Married	1,205	605	600	81,770	40,860	40,910
Living common law	280	145	140	19,010	9,475	9,535
Not married and not living common law	1,040	440	595	72,715	32,890	39,825
Never married	475	265	210	50,240	25,850	24,395
Separated	105	40	65	3,720	1,495	2,230
Divorced	220	85	140	9,835	3,735	6,100
Widowed	230	50	180	8,915	1,810	7,105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	870	...	...	59,860	...	...
2 persons	565	...	...	30,960	...	...
3 persons	150	...	...	14,330	...	...
4 persons	110	...	...	11,665	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	2,910	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	870	...	...	59,860	...	...
Total couple families	735	...	...	49,705	...	...
Married couples	590	...	...	40,205	...	...
Common-law couples	140	...	...	9,505	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	135	...	...	10,155	...	...
Female parent	105	...	...	8,105	...	...
Male parent	30	...	...	2,050	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	735	...	...	49,705	...	...
Couples without children	480	...	...	24,410	...	...
Couples with children	260	...	...	25,295	...	...
1 child	115	...	...	11,515	...	...
2 children	95	...	...	11,015	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	2,765	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	135	...	...	10,155	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	6,550	...	...
2 children	30	...	...	2,815	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	790	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	665	275	385	36,525	16,765	19,760
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
One-census-family households	830	...	...	57,490	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	460	...	...	23,385	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	375	...	...	34,105	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	1,170	...	...
Non-census-family households	540	...	...	26,355	...	...
One-person households	495	...	...	21,770	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	45	...	...	4,585	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,935	1,420	1,515	204,390	99,195	105,190
English only	2,835	1,370	1,470	187,430	92,310	95,125
French only	0	0	0	50	25	25
English and French	95	45	50	16,375	6,635	9,740
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	535	235	300
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,935	1,420	1,515	204,390	99,195	105,190
English	2,900	1,405	1,500	202,690	98,360	104,330
French	35	15	15	985	525	465
English and French	5	0	0	225	110	110
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	490	205	285
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	35	20	15	1,095	575	520
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.4	1.0	0.5	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,935	1,420	1,515	204,390	99,195	105,190
Single responses	2,920	1,410	1,505	203,355	98,670	104,685
Official languages	2,740	1,330	1,415	196,360	94,945	101,415
English	2,705	1,310	1,395	195,390	94,430	100,955
French	40	20	20	970	510	460
Non-official languages	175	85	95	6,995	3,725	3,270
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	35	20	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	20	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	170	80	95	6,960	3,705	3,255
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,040	580	460
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	30	20	15
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,000	560	445
Amharic	0	0	0	25	15	10
Arabic	0	0	0	905	510	395
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	65	35	30
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	555	225	330
Bikol	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	30	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	470	185	285
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	190	105	85
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	65	40	30
Tamil	0	0	0	80	50	35
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	65	75	3,030	1,700	1,325
Albanian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	15	440	240	200
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	430	235	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Croatian	5	0	5	15	10	5
Czech	5	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	70	40	30
Russian	5	0	0	185	100	80
Serbian	0	0	0	15	15	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	10
Ukrainian	20	10	5	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Germanic languages	90	40	45	410	240	170
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	15	10
Danish	5	0	0	35	20	15
Dutch	15	10	5	60	35	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	25	35	215	120	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	15	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Swedish	10	0	5	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	1,325	785	540
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	1,050	635	415
Bengali	0	0	0	305	205	100
Gujarati	0	0	0	60	35	25
Hindi	0	0	0	135	75	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	135	75	55
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	105	60	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	55	30	30
Urdu	5	0	5	220	130	95
Iranian languages	5	0	0	255	135	115
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	215	115	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	710	355	355
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	80	45	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	120	65	60
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	0	0	0	470	225	245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	5	5	40	15	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	115	50	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	265	140	130
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	55	30	25
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	35	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Dinka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	30	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	1,375	715	665
Chinese languages	5	5	0	1,355	705	645
Cantonese	0	0	0	240	140	100
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mandarin	5	0	5	945	480	465
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	70	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	30	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	5	5	0	55	15	40
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Finnish	0	5	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	5
Multiple responses	15	5	5	1,035	525	510
English and French	5	5	5	305	140	165
English and non-official language	10	0	10	670	360	310
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,935	1,420	1,520	204,390	99,195	105,195
Single responses	2,915	1,410	1,500	202,615	98,290	104,325
Official languages	2,870	1,390	1,485	199,075	96,445	102,630
English	2,875	1,390	1,485	198,635	96,245	102,390
French	0	0	0	440	200	240
Non-official languages	40	20	15	3,545	1,845	1,695
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	20	3,535	1,845	1,695
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	710	360	350
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	30	20	15
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	675	335	335
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	5
Arabic	0	0	0	615	310	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	45	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	225	90	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	205	85	120
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	35	20	20
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	15	1,270	700	570
Albanian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	105	60	45
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	15	10	10	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	685	405	280
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	525	315	205
Bengali	0	0	0	145	105	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	55	35	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	95	55	40
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Urdu	0	0	0	95	50	40
Iranian languages	5	0	5	145	80	65
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	135	75	60
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	295	145	155
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	0	0	5	225	110	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	60	30	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	95	40	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	100	55	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	20	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	35	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	895	470	425
Chinese languages	5	5	0	885	465	415
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	60	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	690	360	330
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	20	5	15	1,775	905	870
English and French	0	0	5	225	105	120
English and non-official language	15	10	10	1,480	770	710
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,935	1,420	1,515	204,390	99,195	105,190
None	2,820	1,365	1,455	197,945	96,055	101,890
English	20	10	10	1,840	960	875
French	20	10	10	1,875	765	1,110
Non-official language	70	35	40	2,635	1,370	1,265
Aboriginal	15	5	5	45	25	25
Non-Aboriginal	65	25	35	2,585	1,345	1,240
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,495	1,175	1,320	170,920	82,165	88,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,440	1,160	1,280	165,125	79,310	85,820
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,288	36,693	21,261	38,569	46,396	32,538
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,445	1,160	1,285	165,170	79,315	85,855
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,562	32,850	20,651	34,069	39,950	29,459
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,090	1,035	1,050	146,825	72,415	74,415
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,240	32,939	15,392	38,443	46,591	31,432
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,955	850	1,105	113,355	46,940	66,420
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,988	11,356	10,544	5,968	6,743	5,473
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,520	795	725	127,460	64,330	63,130
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,440	38,528	18,880	39,341	47,275	32,507
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,480	1,180	1,295	170,920	82,165	88,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,430	1,160	1,265	165,245	79,340	85,910
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,627	41,281	26,591	52,803	65,240	41,317
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,435	1,170	1,265	165,290	79,340	85,950
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,644	35,485	24,259	42,380	50,762	34,643
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,080	1,050	1,025	147,015	72,385	74,630
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,463	36,808	21,969	53,297	66,422	40,567
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,950	870	1,085	112,935	46,640	66,295
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,463	10,805	10,189	7,881	7,895	7,872
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,465	785	680	127,460	64,270	63,195
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,105	39,468	23,564	52,957	65,150	40,557
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,475	1,175	1,300	170,920	82,170	88,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	490	300	190	66,555	34,765	31,790
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,609	56,099	37,151	58,335	66,139	50,821
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,470	61,017	38,811	72,508	85,150	58,681
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	76.1	82.2	67.2	89.8	92.7	85.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.5	66.6	49.3	77.0	80.5	72.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	23.9	18.0	32.8	10.2	7.3	14.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,495	1,175	1,320	170,920	82,170	88,755
Without total income	50	15	35	5,795	2,860	2,935
With total income	2,445	1,160	1,285	165,130	79,310	85,820
Percentage with total income	98.0	98.7	97.3	96.6	96.5	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	340	110	225	19,635	8,145	11,490
$10,000 to $19,999	575	195	380	25,100	9,755	15,345
$20,000 to $29,999	435	180	255	21,570	8,375	13,195
$30,000 to $39,999	325	135	190	18,930	8,120	10,805
$40,000 to $49,999	245	135	105	17,655	7,845	9,810
$50,000 to $59,999	150	105	50	13,580	6,765	6,815
$60,000 to $69,999	135	105	30	10,645	5,830	4,815
$70,000 to $79,999	85	65	20	8,175	4,550	3,620
$80,000 to $89,999	45	30	10	7,235	3,830	3,400
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	10	5,525	3,235	2,285
$100,000 and over	80	70	10	17,085	12,855	4,230
$100,000 to $149,999	70	60	10	10,555	7,635	2,920
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	6,530	5,220	1,310
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,495	1,180	1,320	170,920	82,170	88,755
Without after-tax income	50	15	30	5,755	2,855	2,900
With after-tax income	2,445	1,160	1,285	165,170	79,315	85,850
Percentage with after-tax income	98.0	98.3	97.3	96.6	96.5	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	350	120	230	20,405	8,265	12,145
$10,000 to $19,999	600	210	385	26,385	10,385	16,000
$20,000 to $29,999	495	200	295	25,790	10,285	15,510
$30,000 to $39,999	370	175	200	24,325	10,765	13,560
$40,000 to $49,999	235	150	80	19,625	9,410	10,220
$50,000 to $59,999	175	125	50	14,345	7,945	6,395
$60,000 to $69,999	85	70	20	10,710	5,810	4,895
$70,000 to $79,999	65	50	20	7,630	4,465	3,160
$80,000 and over	70	60	15	15,945	11,980	3,965
$80,000 to $89,999	25	25	10	4,405	2,985	1,415
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	2,870	2,160	705
$100,000 and over	25	20	0	8,680	6,830	1,845
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,495	1,180	1,320	170,920	82,170	88,755
Without employment income	975	380	595	43,460	17,840	25,625
With employment income	1,520	790	730	127,460	64,330	63,125
Percentage with employment income	60.9	66.9	55.3	74.6	78.3	71.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	310	145	170	16,160	7,330	8,830
$5,000 to $9,999	140	50	85	8,820	3,735	5,080
$10,000 to $19,999	210	85	130	14,485	6,165	8,320
$20,000 to $29,999	175	65	115	13,150	5,530	7,625
$30,000 to $39,999	170	65	105	11,955	5,310	6,645
$40,000 to $49,999	150	90	55	12,325	5,490	6,830
$50,000 to $59,999	90	65	25	9,955	4,995	4,955
$60,000 to $69,999	90	75	15	8,295	4,615	3,675
$70,000 to $79,999	60	50	5	6,660	3,695	2,965
$80,000 and over	125	105	20	25,665	17,470	8,190
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	6,285	3,300	2,985
$90,000 to $99,999	35	25	5	4,720	2,790	1,925
$100,000 and over	60	55	5	14,660	11,375	3,280
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,331	...	...	79,750	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,672	...	...	68,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	495	...	...	21,770	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,616	...	...	35,857	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,720	...	...	32,075	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	900	...	...	63,245	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,072	...	...	99,163	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,648	...	...	83,919	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,395	...	...	85,015	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,740	...	...	102,635	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,854	...	...	82,396	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	21,775	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,899	...	...	49,398	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,946	...	...	39,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	885	...	...	63,245	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,643	...	...	120,961	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,510	...	...	97,128	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	870	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	1,325	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	2,205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	2,970	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	3,330	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	2,995	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	3,445	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	3,325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	3,020	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	50	...	...	2,950	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	5,520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...	5,505	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	5,185	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...	4,910	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...	4,460	...	...
$100,000 and over	220	...	...	33,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	115	...	...	9,310	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	7,205	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	40	...	...	8,795	...	...
$200,000 and over	20	...	...	7,690	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	915	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	1,350	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	75	...	...	2,235	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	3,095	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	120	...	...	3,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	80	...	...	3,455	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	4,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	4,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...	3,540	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	3,575	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	6,945	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	110	...	...	6,695	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...	6,170	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	75	...	...	5,460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	60	...	...	4,995	...	...
$100,000 and over	130	...	...	24,685	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	75	...	...	9,645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	6,295	...	...
$150,000 and over	30	...	...	8,750	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	865	...	...	59,775	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,434	...	...	100,845	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,726	...	...	84,943	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	450	...	...	22,795	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	87,743	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,992	...	...	74,466	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	25,595	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,160	...	...	135,097	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,848	...	...	111,471	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	125	...	...	9,500	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,088	...	...	51,685	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,784	...	...	47,526	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	865	...	...	59,705	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,274	...	...	122,981	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,213	...	...	98,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	460	...	...	22,750	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,956	...	...	109,802	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,667	...	...	87,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	260	...	...	25,600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,007	...	...	158,871	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,285	...	...	125,355	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	9,520	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,876	...	...	63,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,046	...	...	54,549	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	595	255	340	31,900	14,910	16,995
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,744	26,496	21,792	30,938	32,815	29,564
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,656	25,024	21,376	28,155	29,432	27,226
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	570	250	320	31,935	14,730	17,205
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,698	34,711	27,589	43,302	48,485	38,865
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,635	30,396	25,496	35,366	38,136	32,994
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,930	1,415	1,515	203,305	98,770	104,540
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,915	885	1,030	83,930	38,805	45,115
In the bottom decile	365	165	205	18,465	8,605	9,860
In the second decile	510	230	280	16,160	7,000	9,155
In the third decile	415	195	220	15,295	6,955	8,335
In the fourth decile	340	160	180	16,120	7,565	8,555
In the fifth decile	280	135	145	17,890	8,680	9,210
In the top half of the distribution	1,015	525	490	119,380	59,960	59,420
In the sixth decile	275	140	130	19,690	9,675	10,015
In the seventh decile	335	165	170	21,440	10,665	10,775
In the eighth decile	155	85	70	24,405	12,180	12,220
In the ninth decile	175	90	85	26,610	13,415	13,195
In the top decile	75	45	30	27,235	14,015	13,215
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,930	1,415	1,515	203,305	98,770	104,540
0 to 17 years	505	270	240	38,640	19,815	18,825
0 to 5 years	200	115	90	12,480	6,400	6,080
18 to 64 years	1,595	770	830	135,955	65,930	70,030
65 years and over	830	380	450	28,710	13,025	15,685
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	625	270	350	24,385	10,790	13,600
0 to 17 years	115	75	40	5,755	2,940	2,815
0 to 5 years	40	30	10	2,055	1,075	985
18 to 64 years	310	130	185	14,980	6,500	8,475
65 years and over	200	75	125	3,655	1,345	2,310
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.3	19.1	23.1	12.0	10.9	13.0
0 to 17 years (%)	22.8	27.8	16.7	14.9	14.8	15.0
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	26.1	11.1	16.5	16.8	16.2
18 to 64 years (%)	19.4	16.9	22.3	11.0	9.9	12.1
65 years and over (%)	24.1	19.7	27.8	12.7	10.3	14.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	110	140	15,165	7,220	7,945
0 to 17 years	50	30	20	3,205	1,660	1,545
0 to 5 years	20	15	5	1,160	620	535
18 to 64 years	185	75	110	11,430	5,345	6,080
65 years and over	20	10	10	530	215	315
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.5	7.8	9.2	7.5	7.3	7.6
0 to 17 years (%)	9.9	11.1	8.3	8.3	8.4	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	13.0	5.6	9.3	9.7	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	9.7	13.3	8.4	8.1	8.7
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.6	2.2	1.8	1.7	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,765	104,540
Official languages	2,930	1,420	1,510	202,525	98,415	104,110
English	2,930	1,420	1,510	202,475	98,390	104,080
French	65	30	30	16,390	6,630	9,755
Non-official languages	235	100	135	10,675	5,495	5,175
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	80	30	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	70	25	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	240	100	135	10,565	5,455	5,115
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,375	735	635
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,310	705	600
Amharic	0	0	0	50	30	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,245	675	570
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	25	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	660	250	410
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	65	15	50
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	105	65	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	530	180	355
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	320	175	145
Kannada	0	0	0	35	15	25
Malayalam	0	0	0	95	50	55
Tamil	0	0	0	180	105	70
Telugu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	70	120	5,245	2,805	2,445
Albanian	0	0	0	130	65	60
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	10	650	355	295
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	15	640	355	290
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Croatian	0	0	0	35	30	0
Czech	10	0	0	45	15	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	70	50	15
Russian	0	0	0	405	205	200
Serbian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	75	40	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	100	70	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	25	0
Welsh	0	0	0	40	30	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20
Germanic languages	115	40	75	1,175	605	575
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	25	15
Danish	0	0	10	65	35	30
Dutch	25	20	0	100	45	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	25	65	870	455	415
Icelandic	0	0	0	40	25	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	30	25	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	65	40	30
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	1,605	950	660
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,305	800	510
Bengali	0	0	0	355	235	120
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	30	20
Hindi	0	0	0	475	285	190
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	165	100	60
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	235	145	95
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Urdu	0	0	0	285	180	105
Iranian languages	10	10	10	270	145	125
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	20	0
Pashto	0	0	0	45	35	10
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	190	85	105
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	35	30
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	40	1,815	895	920
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	10	0	10	245	130	110
Portuguese	0	0	0	300	150	155
Romanian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Spanish	50	20	35	1,385	675	710
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Japanese	10	10	10	125	40	90
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	105	50	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	680	375	305
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	60	45	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	55	35	20
Igbo	0	0	0	70	35	35
Lingala	0	0	0	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Shona	0	0	0	55	10	45
Swahili	0	0	0	180	110	70
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	180	100	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	50	35	20
Dinka	0	0	0	30	25	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	480	205	270
American Sign Language	0	0	0	260	100	160
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	225	110	110
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	10	1,570	865	705
Chinese languages	25	20	10	1,530	840	685
Cantonese	0	10	0	275	170	105
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	15	10	10	1,205	625	580
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	135	95	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Burmese	0	0	0	20	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	75	45	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	35	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	75	10	60
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	60	10	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,765	104,540
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,900	1,400	1,495	196,600	95,115	101,485
Canadian citizens aged under 18	520	280	245	37,360	19,260	18,105
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,380	1,125	1,255	159,240	75,855	83,385
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	20	10	6,705	3,655	3,055
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,765	104,535
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,695	1,310	1,380	192,165	92,805	99,360
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	235	110	130	8,135	4,205	3,925
Before 1981	150	70	85	1,980	1,060	925
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	555	270	280
1991 to 2000	20	10	10	850	440	410
2001 to 2010	60	35	25	2,055	1,055	1,005
2001 to 2005	30	20	15	700	330	370
2006 to 2010	30	20	15	1,360	725	635
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	2,690	1,380	1,310
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	3,005	1,755	1,250
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	240	105	130	8,130	4,200	3,930
Under 5 years	35	10	25	970	505	465
5 to 14 years	35	10	20	1,445	740	705
15 to 24 years	50	25	25	1,270	655	610
25 to 44 years	90	45	45	3,895	2,025	1,880
45 years and over	25	0	20	545	275	265
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	235	110	130	8,130	4,205	3,930
Americas	70	35	30	1,490	690	795
Brazil	0	0	0	25	10	15
Colombia	0	0	0	110	50	65
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	70	20	45
Mexico	0	0	0	55	20	30
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	25	25	930	430	505
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	235	125	115
Europe	115	45	70	2,640	1,500	1,140
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	120	60	55
Germany	25	10	15	185	105	75
Greece	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hungary	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	140	75	65
Italy	10	0	0	50	40	15
Netherlands	30	20	15	45	25	15
Poland	0	0	0	45	35	15
Portugal	0	0	0	100	50	50
Romania	0	0	0	35	10	30
Russian Federation	0	0	0	130	70	55
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	15	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	15	15	1,305	765	540
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	15	350	195	160
Africa	0	0	0	910	475	430
Algeria	0	0	0	10	15	0
Egypt	0	0	0	125	80	40
Ethiopia	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	155	85	75
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	65	20	45
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	450	230	225
Asia	45	25	25	3,050	1,520	1,530
Afghanistan	0	0	0	45	15	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	155	90	65
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	620	310	310
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	55	40	15
India	0	0	0	420	225	195
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	65	35	35
Iraq	0	0	0	155	80	75
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	20	10	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	170	95	70
Philippines	0	0	10	395	140	255
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	85	50	35
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	305	140	165
Taiwan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	465	250	215
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	50	10	35
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,685	1,380	1,305
Americas	0	0	0	330	170	165
Brazil	0	0	0	25	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	25	20	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	15	35
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	135	75	55
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	55	20	35
Europe	0	0	0	420	250	170
France	0	0	0	50	20	20
Germany	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	30	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	0	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	125	80	50
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	135	85	50
Africa	0	0	0	460	240	220
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	25	0	25
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	30	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	30	15	15
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	120	60	60
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	165	90	80
Asia	0	0	0	1,450	715	735
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	50	30	20
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	200	95	110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	105	60	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Iraq	0	0	0	60	35	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	55	30	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	55	35	25
Philippines	0	0	0	270	105	165
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	50	25	30
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	295	135	160
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	155	100	55
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,770	104,540
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	240	110	130	11,850	6,335	5,515
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	680	390	290	8,435	4,360	4,075
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,005	915	1,085	183,020	88,070	94,950
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	95	45	50	6,240	3,195	3,045
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	55	25	20	3,335	1,775	1,560
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	25	10	1,540	1,055	495
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	20	0	15	1,795	725	1,070
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	25	10	15	1,450	675	775
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	0	0	1,420	725	695
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,765	104,535
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	250	90	165	6,690	3,085	3,610
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	240	85	160	6,240	2,865	3,370
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	120	45	75	4,010	1,840	2,175
Métis	115	35	85	1,495	690	810
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	730	340	390
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	65	30	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	390	190	195
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,680	1,335	1,345	196,615	95,685	100,930
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,770	104,540
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	35	30	2,805	1,315	1,490
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,865	1,385	1,475	200,500	97,450	103,050
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,765	104,540
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	55	30	25	1,550	695	855
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	55	30	25	1,495	690	810
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	45	20	25	915	420	495
Métis single ancestry	0	10	0	290	125	160
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	300	140	160
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	50	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	235	95	140	9,345	4,255	5,085
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	230	90	135	9,025	4,115	4,915
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	115	35	85	6,880	3,115	3,765
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	115	60	60	1,155	585	575
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	990	415	575
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	10	315	145	170
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	95	40	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	80	35	45
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	130	65	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,645	1,300	1,345	192,415	93,815	98,600
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,770	104,540
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	35	35	8,765	4,645	4,115
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,940	1,150	790
Chinese	25	20	0	1,870	1,035	830
Black	0	0	0	1,815	955	860
Filipino	0	0	10	650	230	420
Latin American	25	15	15	540	270	275
Arab	0	0	0	1,090	590	495
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	270	155	115
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	210	90	115
Korean	15	10	10	60	30	30
Japanese	0	0	0	50	25	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	90	35	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	180	80	100
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,860	1,385	1,475	194,545	94,115	100,425
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,930	1,420	1,510	203,305	98,770	104,535
North American Aboriginal origins	290	120	165	10,890	4,955	5,940
First Nations (North American Indian)	165	55	110	8,005	3,625	4,380
Inuit	0	0	0	1,550	670	885
Métis	120	60	60	1,710	825	885
Other North American origins	660	315	345	100,830	48,445	52,385
Acadian	0	0	0	350	170	185
American	60	25	30	1,130	570	555
Canadian	620	295	325	98,195	47,120	51,070
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	2,340	1,155	1,185
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	65	35	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	0	0
European origins	2,460	1,185	1,280	124,155	60,175	63,975
British Isles origins	1,650	815	840	117,935	57,030	60,910
Channel Islander	0	0	0	45	15	30
Cornish	0	0	0	25	15	10
English	970	425	545	81,845	39,355	42,490
Irish	620	310	315	61,225	29,305	31,920
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	15
Scottish	810	390	420	17,020	8,225	8,795
Welsh	80	55	25	2,665	1,315	1,345
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	95	50	40	3,445	1,635	1,810
French origins	405	160	250	10,050	4,810	5,240
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	400	155	245	10,045	4,805	5,235
Western European origins (except French origins)	975	485	490	6,465	3,110	3,360
Austrian	95	60	35	275	125	145
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	10	15	130	70	60
Dutch	280	140	140	1,215	555	665
Flemish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	640	335	305	5,045	2,410	2,635
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	50	15	30	185	100	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	360	160	200	2,170	1,015	1,155
Danish	15	10	10	380	190	185
Finnish	25	15	15	145	55	95
Icelandic	10	0	10	140	70	70
Norwegian	175	80	100	895	435	450
Swedish	135	55	75	540	205	335
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	10	185	100	90
Eastern European origins	555	285	275	2,825	1,410	1,415
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Byelorussian	0	10	0	30	10	20
Czech	20	10	10	135	75	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Estonian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hungarian	70	35	40	240	95	140
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	90	25	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	200	120	80	975	515	460
Romanian	15	10	10	125	55	75
Russian	90	30	60	635	330	305
Slovak	20	15	0	55	25	30
Ukrainian	225	100	130	870	470	395
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	60	25	30
Southern European origins	95	40	50	2,945	1,455	1,495
Albanian	0	0	0	50	15	25
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	80	45	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	15	10
Greek	0	0	0	255	150	105
Italian	60	30	30	1,055	580	475
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	90	55	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	760	355	405
Serbian	10	0	10	45	35	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	25	10	15	640	260	380
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	30	10	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	15	10	650	335	310
Basque	0	0	0	55	35	20
Jewish	0	0	0	155	70	80
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	95	50	40
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	20	0	340	175	165
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	645	325	315
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	85	50	40
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	135	85	50
Dominican	0	0	0	20	20	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	250	115	135
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	40	20	20	680	310	375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Chilean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Guatemalan	20	10	15	40	15	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Honduran	0	0	0	15	0	20
Maya	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mexican	15	15	10	150	65	80
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	60	35	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	45	15	25
African origins	15	0	10	2,070	1,160	915
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	640	365	280
Akan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	130	75	55
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	15	15	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Liberian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	305	160	150
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	65	60	15
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	25	10
North African origins	0	0	0	475	305	175
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	190	120	70
Libyan	0	0	0	160	90	75
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	40	35	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	75	60	25
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	475	265	210
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	50	25	25
Ethiopian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	10	10
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	30	10	10
South African	10	0	10	90	50	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	60	25	25
Zambian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	60	10	45
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Other African origins	10	0	0	520	260	260
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	10	495	250	245
Asian origins	50	25	25	7,180	3,765	3,410
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	0	1,895	955	940
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	305	165	140
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	10	190	95	90
Iraqi	0	0	0	140	70	70
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	130	75	50
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	575	275	295
Palestinian	0	0	0	70	45	25
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Syrian	0	0	0	260	115	140
Tajik	0	0	0	60	15	40
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	90	65	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	15	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,015	1,160	855
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	240	155	85
Bengali	0	0	0	55	30	25
Bhutanese	0	0	0	55	40	10
East Indian	0	0	0	1,275	720	555
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	95	60	35
Pakistani	0	0	0	240	140	100
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	20	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	85	50	35
Tamil	0	0	0	40	25	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	40	15	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	45	25	20	3,325	1,665	1,660
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese	25	15	10	2,145	1,165	980
Filipino	10	0	0	760	280	475
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Japanese	0	0	0	85	30	65
Karen	0	0	0	35	25	10
Korean	15	0	0	85	40	50
Laotian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	120	65	50
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	30	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Oceania origins	10	10	0	180	75	105
Australian	10	10	0	120	45	75
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	40	20	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
Owner	1,045	...	...	59,535	...	...
Renter	345	...	...	25,480	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
Condominium	245	...	...	3,200	...	...
Not condominium	1,145	...	...	81,815	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	185	...	...
1 bedroom	160	...	...	6,360	...	...
2 bedrooms	470	...	...	17,640	...	...
3 bedrooms	425	...	...	36,855	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	325	...	...	23,975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	375	...	...	14,405	...	...
5 rooms	210	...	...	11,580	...	...
6 rooms	265	...	...	13,545	...	...
7 rooms	165	...	...	12,420	...	...
8 or more rooms	375	...	...	33,055	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,385	...	...	84,680	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,395	...	...	85,015	...	...
Suitable	1,365	...	...	83,485	...	...
Not suitable	25	...	...	1,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
1960 or before	285	...	...	13,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	380	...	...	23,705	...	...
1981 to 1990	175	...	...	12,790	...	...
1991 to 2000	325	...	...	10,585	...	...
2001 to 2005	80	...	...	7,055	...	...
2006 to 2010	105	...	...	8,840	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	35	...	...	8,485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,390	...	...	85,015	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,300	...	...	81,425	...	...
Major repairs needed	90	...	...	3,590	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,395	...	...	85,015	...	...
1 household maintainer	900	...	...	46,535	...	...
2 household maintainers	475	...	...	36,575	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	1,910	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,395	...	...	85,015	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	3,235	...	...
25 to 34 years	135	...	...	14,050	...	...
35 to 44 years	135	...	...	15,660	...	...
45 to 54 years	200	...	...	17,460	...	...
55 to 64 years	325	...	...	16,070	...	...
65 to 74 years	290	...	...	11,710	...	...
75 to 84 years	195	...	...	5,305	...	...
85 years and over	95	...	...	1,515	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,395	...	...	84,815	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,055	...	...	66,475	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	335	...	...	18,335	...	...
30% to less than 100%	290	...	...	16,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,045	...	...	59,455	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.3	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.2	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	565	...	...	1,329	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	851	...	...	1,379	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,755	...	...	319,478	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	291,366	...	...	348,519	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	345	...	...	25,480	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.0	...	...	20.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.4	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	701	...	...	902	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	738	...	...	927	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,480	1,175	1,295	170,920	82,170	88,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	595	290	305	24,590	12,530	12,065
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	770	335	425	43,385	21,490	21,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,110	550	565	102,940	48,150	54,790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	380	265	115	14,420	10,360	4,060
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	125	45	75	6,890	3,965	2,925
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	260	215	40	7,530	6,390	1,135
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	470	170	305	42,415	17,475	24,940
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	10	40	4,625	1,960	2,665
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	205	100	105	41,475	18,350	23,125
Bachelor's degree	145	75	70	26,810	11,525	15,285
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	15	1,830	850	980
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,185	640	545
Master's degree	30	20	10	9,760	4,115	5,645
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,895	1,225	670
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,420	675	750	117,395	56,770	60,625
No certificate, diploma or degree	215	100	115	10,000	5,535	4,460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	475	205	275	24,610	12,855	11,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	730	370	360	82,785	38,375	44,410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	220	165	55	10,580	7,725	2,855
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	40	45	5,005	2,940	2,060
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	135	125	15	5,580	4,780	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	320	115	210	34,460	14,255	20,205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	3,240	1,480	1,765
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	160	80	75	34,500	14,925	19,580
Bachelor's degree	120	65	60	22,055	9,455	12,600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	1,540	680	860
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,050	520	525
Master's degree	25	15	10	8,405	3,385	5,020
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,455	885	575
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,480	1,175	1,300	170,920	82,170	88,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,360	625	730	67,985	34,020	33,965
Education	100	25	75	8,035	2,205	5,830
13. Education	95	20	80	8,035	2,210	5,830
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	20	2,330	1,075	1,255
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	440	350	95
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	20	1,890	725	1,160
Humanities	35	15	15	4,255	1,660	2,600
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	335	90	250
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	1,235	420	810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	10	0	930	320	615
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	70	45	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	355	170	185
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	425	205	220
54. History	0	10	0	610	335	275
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	295	75	225
Social and behavioural sciences and law	70	10	65	8,445	2,820	5,625
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	240	70	165
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	585	190	390
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	10	30	1,570	130	1,435
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	1,300	410	890
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	15	60
42. Psychology	10	10	10	1,480	350	1,130
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	3,195	1,640	1,550
Business, management and public administration	185	50	135	24,070	6,935	17,135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	55	20	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15	1,500	340	1,165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	165	45	120	22,515	6,575	15,940
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	10	3,970	2,055	1,915
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,645	700	945
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	840	385	455
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	95	30	65
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,285	910	370
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	115	30	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	25	10	5,115	2,865	2,245
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	25	10	4,225	2,480	1,745
25. Library science	10	0	10	355	55	300
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	485	285	200
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	50	45	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	300	290	10	22,920	20,515	2,405
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	225	165	60
14. Engineering	10	0	10	4,845	3,920	920
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	0	5,555	4,645	905
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	150	145	0	5,760	5,560	205
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0	4,530	4,380	145
48. Precision production	35	40	0	2,000	1,835	160
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	45	30	15	1,245	745	505
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	10	10	560	305	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	685	435	245
Health and related fields	205	30	170	15,205	2,870	12,335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	950	525	425
51. Health professions and related programs	205	35	165	13,795	2,090	11,705
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	455	250	210
Personal, protective and transportation services	110	60	45	7,335	4,400	2,935
12. Personal and culinary services	65	15	45	3,635	1,125	2,510
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	40	35	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	1,130	920	205
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	2,520	2,305	215
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,420	670	750	117,395	56,770	60,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	690	305	390	34,610	18,395	16,215
Education	70	25	45	5,610	1,460	4,150
13. Education	65	25	45	5,610	1,460	4,150
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	1,920	855	1,065
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	325	235	85
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	1,590	620	975
Humanities	20	10	15	3,160	1,220	1,945
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	255	50	205
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	965	335	630
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	0	680	240	440
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	60	45	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	280	140	135
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	235	120	115
54. History	0	0	0	460	245	215
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	225	45	180
Social and behavioural sciences and law	70	0	65	7,225	2,335	4,890
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	200	50	150
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	495	155	345
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	30	1,345	120	1,230
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	1,105	310	795
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	15	45
42. Psychology	10	0	10	1,245	275	970
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	2,775	1,405	1,365
Business, management and public administration	150	40	105	19,775	5,510	14,265
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	50	25	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	15	1,230	235	995
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	130	40	90	18,495	5,250	13,245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	3,055	1,540	1,520
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,230	480	755
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	670	315	355
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	55	25	35
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	1,035	695	335
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	65	20	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	30	0	4,745	2,690	2,050
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	25	0	4,025	2,365	1,655
25. Library science	0	0	0	265	45	220
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	405	235	170
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	55	45	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	165	160	0	18,245	16,200	2,045
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	190	135	55
14. Engineering	0	0	0	4,150	3,310	840
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	4,620	3,880	745
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	80	75	0	4,340	4,195	150
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	60	0	3,460	3,330	130
48. Precision production	25	20	0	1,475	1,360	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	25	0	1,030	580	450
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	445	230	215
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	585	350	230
Health and related fields	105	15	85	12,080	2,350	9,730
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	770	445	320
51. Health professions and related programs	100	20	85	10,930	1,720	9,205
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	385	185	200
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	55	15	5,945	3,635	2,310
12. Personal and culinary services	30	15	20	2,895	920	1,975
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	35	30	10
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	935	765	170
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	2,075	1,910	160
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,475	1,175	1,300	170,920	82,165	88,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,360	630	730	67,985	34,015	33,965
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,110	550	565	102,935	48,150	54,790
Location of study inside Canada	1,020	510	515	97,540	45,240	52,300
Same as province or territory of residence	715	330	385	83,265	38,235	45,035
Different than province or territory of residence	310	180	130	14,275	7,005	7,270
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	40	50	5,400	2,910	2,485
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	10	1,405	785	620
Philippines	10	0	0	375	115	260
India	0	0	0	240	135	105
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	1,020	635	380
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	10	295	175	125
France	0	0	0	100	50	55
Other	50	20	30	1,950	1,020	935
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,420	670	750	117,395	56,770	60,625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	690	305	390	34,610	18,395	16,215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	730	370	365	82,785	38,380	44,410
Location of study inside Canada	670	335	330	78,585	36,135	42,450
Same as province or territory of residence	490	225	260	66,655	30,575	36,080
Different than province or territory of residence	180	110	65	11,930	5,560	6,370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	30	35	4,200	2,240	1,965
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	10	0	910	490	415
Philippines	10	0	0	360	115	245
India	0	0	0	215	120	95
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	680	445	235
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	250	145	105
France	0	0	0	95	45	50
Other	40	15	25	1,690	875	815
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,475	1,175	1,300	170,925	82,170	88,755
In the labour force	1,250	660	590	112,740	57,195	55,540
Employed	1,125	595	530	103,000	51,385	51,615
Unemployed	120	65	60	9,735	5,810	3,930
Not in the labour force	1,230	520	710	58,185	24,970	33,215
Participation rate	50.5	56.2	45.4	66.0	69.6	62.6
Employment rate	45.5	50.6	40.8	60.3	62.5	58.2
Unemployment rate	9.6	9.8	10.2	8.6	10.2	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,475	1,175	1,300	170,920	82,165	88,755
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,180	465	715	51,305	21,500	29,800
Worked	1,295	715	585	119,615	60,665	58,950
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	510	315	190	67,460	35,315	32,140
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	785	395	390	52,155	25,345	26,805
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	40.5	40.1	42.9	42.9	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,245	660	585	112,740	57,195	55,540
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	15	1,755	995	760
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,230	650	575	110,980	56,200	54,780
Employee	1,065	560	505	103,415	51,510	51,900
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	165	95	70	7,565	4,685	2,880
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,250	660	590	112,735	57,195	55,540
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	15	1,755	1,000	760
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,230	650	575	110,980	56,200	54,780
0 Management occupations	85	55	25	11,080	6,495	4,580
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	160	40	120	17,885	4,935	12,950
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	0	10,250	7,970	2,280
3 Health occupations	80	10	70	9,075	1,615	7,460
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	125	40	90	14,460	4,915	9,545
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	35	20	20	3,185	1,415	1,765
6 Sales and service occupations	275	90	185	26,020	11,320	14,700
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	295	275	25	14,960	14,180	780
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	40	25	15	1,885	1,645	240
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	100	80	20	2,175	1,705	475
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,250	660	590	112,735	57,195	55,540
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	15	1,760	995	760
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,230	650	575	110,980	56,200	54,780
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	30	15	1,055	760	295
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	3,760	2,900	865
22 Utilities	15	10	0	1,295	860	435
23 Construction	140	125	20	9,230	8,100	1,125
31-33 Manufacturing	180	130	50	4,530	3,500	1,025
41 Wholesale trade	30	30	0	3,135	2,255	885
44-45 Retail trade	115	65	50	13,770	6,415	7,365
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	60	40	20	4,690	3,585	1,100
51 Information and cultural industries	15	15	0	2,625	1,380	1,250
52 Finance and insurance	40	10	25	3,235	1,085	2,150
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	40	25	15	1,495	915	575
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	60	25	30	7,600	4,215	3,385
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	120	60	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	15	20	3,700	2,035	1,665
61 Educational services	65	15	50	9,315	3,570	5,750
62 Health care and social assistance	150	20	135	15,780	2,955	12,825
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	1,915	1,015	900
72 Accommodation and food services	105	30	75	8,120	3,505	4,615
81 Other services (except public administration)	70	25	45	4,600	1,860	2,740
91 Public administration	30	15	15	10,990	5,215	5,770
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,125	600	530	103,000	51,385	51,615
Worked at home	70	25	45	4,645	2,075	2,565
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	440	355	90
No fixed workplace address	200	155	50	10,215	7,725	2,490
Worked at usual place	845	405	440	87,700	41,230	46,470
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	850	405	440	87,700	41,230	46,470
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	245	100	140	45,935	20,860	25,075
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	330	145	185	40,375	19,395	20,980
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	240	130	115	675	430	245
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	10	720	545	170
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,050	560	490	97,920	48,955	48,960
Car, truck, van - as a driver	870	475	395	79,625	40,325	39,300
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	20	15	8,455	3,115	5,340
Public transit	20	0	10	3,050	1,570	1,475
Walked	65	20	40	4,505	2,240	2,260
Bicycle	25	10	15	195	155	45
Other method	35	25	10	2,090	1,550	550
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,050	565	485	97,920	48,960	48,960
Less than 15 minutes	325	140	185	35,830	16,620	19,210
15 to 29 minutes	365	225	140	46,145	22,855	23,290
30 to 44 minutes	280	135	150	10,285	5,190	5,090
45 to 59 minutes	15	15	0	1,500	845	655
60 minutes and over	65	45	20	4,155	3,445	710
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,050	560	485	97,920	48,960	48,960
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	105	70	35	3,755	2,745	1,010
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	180	110	70	9,840	6,205	3,640
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	305	195	105	32,605	17,125	15,485
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	220	70	150	28,945	11,895	17,045
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	80	30	55	8,665	3,595	5,070
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	160	85	75	14,105	7,385	6,715
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,340	725	610	122,315	61,905	60,410
Single responses	1,335	725	610	121,970	61,775	60,190
Official languages	1,320	715	605	121,830	61,690	60,140
English	1,315	710	605	121,240	61,495	59,740
French	10	10	0	595	195	395
Non-official languages	15	0	10	135	85	50
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	130	85	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	45	35	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	15	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	350	135	220
English and French	0	0	0	245	75	170
English and non-official language	0	0	0	95	55	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,335	725	610	122,315	61,910	60,410
None	1,305	710	600	119,910	60,960	58,950
English	20	15	0	535	180	350
French	0	0	0	1,470	545	925
Non-official language	10	0	10	370	195	175
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	350	180	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,905	1,415	1,495	201,280	97,675	103,605
Non-movers	2,600	1,260	1,340	176,180	85,290	90,885
Movers	300	155	150	25,105	12,380	12,725
Non-migrants	105	50	55	14,915	7,495	7,425
Migrants	195	105	95	10,185	4,885	5,305
Internal migrants	195	95	90	8,640	4,125	4,515
Intraprovincial migrants	130	65	65	6,155	2,890	3,270
Interprovincial migrants	65	35	30	2,480	1,235	1,245
External migrants	10	10	0	1,545	760	785
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,755	1,320	1,430	192,895	93,430	99,460
Non-movers	1,725	805	915	122,400	58,955	63,450
Movers	1,030	505	520	70,490	34,485	36,010
Non-migrants	370	185	180	37,795	18,495	19,295
Migrants	660	325	340	32,695	15,985	16,715
Internal migrants	660	320	340	27,875	13,385	14,485
Intraprovincial migrants	480	215	265	18,480	8,745	9,730
Interprovincial migrants	180	105	75	9,395	4,640	4,755
External migrants	0	0	0	4,820	2,600	2,220

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia and St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 30, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia and St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia and St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia and St. John's [Census metropolitan area], Newfoundland and Labrador