Census Profile, 2016 Census
Espanola [Population centre], Ontario and Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Espanola Ontario [Population centre]			Okanagan-Similkameen, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Espanola [Population centre], Ontario Map : Espanola [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	3,693	...	...	83,022	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,914 ^r	...	...	80,742	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-5.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,800	...	...	42,894	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,688	...	...	37,673	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,208.2	...	...	8.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.06	...	...	10,411.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	3,690	1,835	1,855	83,025	39,835	43,185
0 to 14 years	520	245	270	9,565	4,875	4,700
0 to 4 years	155	85	70	2,840	1,420	1,420
5 to 9 years	180	80	100	3,300	1,665	1,635
10 to 14 years	185	85	95	3,430	1,785	1,645
15 to 64 years	2,375	1,185	1,190	47,675	22,835	24,840
15 to 19 years	200	100	95	3,845	1,920	1,930
20 to 24 years	200	95	110	3,145	1,615	1,525
25 to 29 years	215	115	95	3,235	1,625	1,615
30 to 34 years	195	100	95	3,705	1,795	1,915
35 to 39 years	195	95	95	3,680	1,810	1,870
40 to 44 years	215	100	115	3,940	1,865	2,080
45 to 49 years	215	110	105	4,510	2,140	2,375
50 to 54 years	285	145	140	6,110	2,805	3,305
55 to 59 years	375	185	195	7,645	3,535	4,105
60 to 64 years	285	145	140	7,855	3,730	4,125
65 years and over	800	400	400	25,780	12,130	13,645
65 to 69 years	285	145	135	7,860	3,805	4,055
70 to 74 years	190	105	85	6,005	2,915	3,085
75 to 79 years	150	80	65	4,725	2,260	2,470
80 to 84 years	100	45	55	3,505	1,725	1,785
85 years and over	80	30	50	3,680	1,435	2,245
85 to 89 years	45	15	35	2,265	970	1,295
90 to 94 years	25	10	20	1,080	370	710
95 to 99 years	5	5	0	290	85	205
100 years and over	0	0	0	45	15	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	13.4	14.6	11.5	12.2	10.9
15 to 64 years	64.4	64.6	64.2	57.4	57.3	57.5
65 years and over	21.7	21.8	21.6	31.1	30.5	31.6
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.7	4.4	3.6	5.2
Average age of the population	44.6	44.6	44.6	49.9	49.1	50.7
Median age of the population	47.6	48.0	47.3	54.8	54.2	55.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,690	...	...	37,675	...	...
Single-detached house	1,290	...	...	23,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	950	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	395	...	...	11,135	...	...
Semi-detached house	75	...	...	1,070	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	2,540	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	1,325	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	215	...	...	6,015	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	185	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	2,390	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,690	...	...	37,670	...	...
1 person	540	...	...	11,910	...	...
2 persons	675	...	...	16,550	...	...
3 persons	230	...	...	4,270	...	...
4 persons	170	...	...	3,165	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	1,780	...	...
Number of persons in private households	3,670	...	...	80,440	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,175	1,585	1,590	73,455	34,965	38,485
Married or living common law	1,885	940	945	44,495	22,210	22,280
Married	1,510	755	755	37,155	18,545	18,605
Living common law	375	190	190	7,340	3,660	3,675
Not married and not living common law	1,290	645	645	28,960	12,755	16,200
Never married	745	430	320	14,205	7,750	6,455
Separated	125	60	65	2,205	990	1,220
Divorced	185	95	90	6,155	2,530	3,625
Widowed	225	65	165	6,390	1,490	4,905
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,130	...	...	25,025	...	...
2 persons	705	...	...	17,055	...	...
3 persons	210	...	...	3,915	...	...
4 persons	155	...	...	2,950	...	...
5 or more persons	60	...	...	1,100	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,125	...	...	25,025	...	...
Total couple families	935	...	...	21,665	...	...
Married couples	745	...	...	17,995	...	...
Common-law couples	190	...	...	3,665	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	195	...	...	3,360	...	...
Female parent	155	...	...	2,630	...	...
Male parent	45	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	930	...	...	21,665	...	...
Couples without children	570	...	...	14,870	...	...
Couples with children	360	...	...	6,795	...	...
1 child	170	...	...	3,035	...	...
2 children	140	...	...	2,730	...	...
3 or more children	50	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	3,360	...	...
1 child	135	...	...	2,190	...	...
2 children	45	...	...	880	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	705	370	335	16,890	7,555	9,335
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,685	...	...	37,675	...	...
One-census-family households	1,090	...	...	23,745	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	560	...	...	14,280	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	530	...	...	9,465	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	620	...	...
Non-census-family households	580	...	...	13,305	...	...
One-person households	540	...	...	11,910	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	40	...	...	1,400	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	3,675	1,825	1,855	81,675	39,355	42,315
English only	2,935	1,490	1,450	76,020	36,865	39,160
French only	10	5	5	40	25	15
English and French	720	325	395	4,960	2,200	2,765
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	650	265	375
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	3,680	1,825	1,850	81,670	39,355	42,315
English	3,265	1,630	1,630	79,485	38,330	41,155
French	405	185	225	1,415	690	720
English and French	5	5	0	140	70	70
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	635	260	370
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	410	190	225	1,485	730	755
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	11.1	10.4	12.2	1.8	1.9	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	3,680	1,825	1,855	81,675	39,355	42,315
Single responses	3,615	1,790	1,830	80,895	39,000	41,895
Official languages	3,505	1,730	1,770	71,145	34,420	36,725
English	3,050	1,525	1,525	69,605	33,685	35,915
French	455	210	245	1,545	735	810
Non-official languages	110	60	55	9,750	4,580	5,165
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	140	60	80
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	0	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	50	65
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	105	45	60
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	105	50	50	9,610	4,520	5,085
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	100	55	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	70	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	35	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	360	110	245
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	310	100	210
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	30	30	8,105	3,905	4,205
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	1,020	435	590
Baltic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	20	10	10	1,015	430	585
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Czech	0	0	0	135	60	75
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	10	5	5	165	60	105
Russian	0	0	0	160	65	95
Serbian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	5	5	0	60	20	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Ukrainian	5	0	5	270	120	150
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	3,040	1,445	1,595
Afrikaans	0	0	0	100	45	50
Danish	0	0	0	125	60	70
Dutch	5	0	5	590	290	300
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	10	0	5	2,090	990	1,100
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Swedish	0	0	0	75	30	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	75	45	30
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	2,440	1,225	1,210
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	2,380	1,195	1,190
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hindi	0	0	5	70	35	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	2,265	1,130	1,130
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	5	1,485	730	755
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	5	325	175	145
Portuguese	0	0	0	780	375	405
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Spanish	5	0	5	345	160	190
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	105	35	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	115	50	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	20	15	10
American Sign Language	0	5	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	5	260	115	150
Chinese languages	20	5	10	255	110	145
Cantonese	15	5	10	140	60	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	5	5	0	70	30	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	5	30
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	5	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	360	165	190
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Finnish	5	5	5	80	30	50
Hungarian	0	0	0	270	135	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	60	35	30	780	355	425
English and French	45	30	15	175	90	85
English and non-official language	15	5	5	575	255	315
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	3,680	1,825	1,855	81,670	39,355	42,320
Single responses	3,635	1,800	1,830	80,195	38,685	41,510
Official languages	3,610	1,790	1,820	76,520	36,925	39,595
English	3,500	1,745	1,755	76,095	36,725	39,375
French	105	45	60	425	205	220
Non-official languages	25	15	10	3,680	1,760	1,915
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	60	30	30
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	60	30	30
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	3,610	1,725	1,890
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	35	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	140	65	70
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	60	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	5	3,025	1,460	1,560
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	170	80	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	170	75	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	465	215	250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	65	30	35
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	65	25	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	315	150	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,875	930	945
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	1,850	920	935
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	35	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	1,795	895	900
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	5	0	480	220	255
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	290	120	165
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	5	0	0	140	75	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	20	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	70	35	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	120	60	65
Chinese languages	5	5	5	125	55	70
Cantonese	5	0	0	65	30	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	40	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	5	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	55	25	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	25	1,475	670	810
English and French	20	10	10	95	45	50
English and non-official language	25	10	20	1,370	620	750
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	3,675	1,825	1,855	81,670	39,355	42,315
None	3,310	1,675	1,635	76,680	37,050	39,630
English	85	35	50	1,610	785	830
French	230	95	135	685	315	370
Non-official language	50	20	30	2,630	1,185	1,450
Aboriginal	5	0	5	215	95	120
Non-Aboriginal	40	20	25	2,415	1,090	1,325
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,150	1,570	1,580	70,910	33,930	36,980
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,040	1,525	1,515	69,465	33,295	36,170
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,951	45,675	24,512	29,914	36,235	25,575
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,045	1,525	1,515	69,540	33,340	36,195
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,696	40,752	23,211	27,306	32,135	24,046
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,615	1,370	1,240	62,230	30,205	32,025
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,488	43,008	22,080	25,051	31,544	20,265
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,240	1,025	1,215	53,430	24,090	29,330
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,960	10,464	8,230	10,165	11,210	9,354
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,065	1,135	925	46,540	23,315	23,220
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,912	41,856	25,536	23,958	28,944	20,541
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,270	1,675	1,600	70,910	33,855	37,060
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,155	1,625	1,525	69,540	33,230	36,310
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,122	49,702	29,919	40,597	48,679	33,200
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,160	1,630	1,530	69,615	33,275	36,340
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,477	42,117	26,339	34,648	40,508	29,283
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,695	1,475	1,225	62,325	30,235	32,090
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,979	47,586	28,580	37,019	45,392	29,131
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,295	1,080	1,210	53,430	24,105	29,325
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,404	9,918	8,944	9,652	10,169	9,227
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,140	1,215	925	46,540	23,200	23,335
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,014	45,148	30,921	34,333	40,914	27,789
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,275	1,675	1,595	70,910	33,855	37,055
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	945	560	385	16,450	9,020	7,435
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,183	75,175	44,929	47,885	54,266	42,627
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,680	70,010	49,565	55,751	62,511	47,555
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.9	86.9	77.1	81.6	84.9	77.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.3	67.7	61.6	57.8	60.7	53.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.9	13.1	23.2	18.4	15.1	22.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,150	1,565	1,580	70,910	33,930	36,980
Without total income	110	45	65	1,445	635	805
With total income	3,040	1,525	1,515	69,470	33,295	36,170
Percentage with total income	96.5	97.4	95.9	98.0	98.1	97.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	430	125	305	8,710	3,570	5,135
$10,000 to $19,999	525	200	330	14,250	5,530	8,720
$20,000 to $29,999	410	160	255	11,860	4,920	6,935
$30,000 to $39,999	335	175	160	9,240	4,130	5,115
$40,000 to $49,999	350	185	165	7,220	3,640	3,585
$50,000 to $59,999	240	145	95	5,125	2,800	2,325
$60,000 to $69,999	210	130	75	3,635	2,255	1,380
$70,000 to $79,999	145	105	40	2,530	1,615	915
$80,000 to $89,999	125	85	40	1,870	1,200	665
$90,000 to $99,999	115	90	25	1,335	860	480
$100,000 and over	155	130	20	3,675	2,765	915
$100,000 to $149,999	140	120	20	2,560	1,905	655
$150,000 and over	15	15	5	1,115	860	260
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,150	1,565	1,580	70,910	33,930	36,980
Without after-tax income	110	45	60	1,370	585	785
With after-tax income	3,040	1,525	1,515	69,540	33,345	36,195
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	97.4	95.9	98.1	98.3	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	445	130	315	9,280	3,820	5,465
$10,000 to $19,999	550	205	345	14,970	5,995	8,975
$20,000 to $29,999	470	185	285	13,855	5,820	8,035
$30,000 to $39,999	430	235	195	10,340	4,865	5,475
$40,000 to $49,999	370	210	155	7,305	3,825	3,480
$50,000 to $59,999	270	175	100	4,750	2,885	1,870
$60,000 to $69,999	205	155	60	3,100	1,965	1,135
$70,000 to $79,999	160	120	40	2,155	1,415	740
$80,000 and over	145	120	25	3,780	2,755	1,025
$80,000 to $89,999	85	65	20	1,225	840	380
$90,000 to $99,999	25	30	0	765	580	185
$100,000 and over	35	25	10	1,795	1,335	460
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,150	1,570	1,585	70,910	33,925	36,980
Without employment income	1,085	430	655	24,375	10,610	13,760
With employment income	2,065	1,140	930	46,535	23,320	23,220
Percentage with employment income	65.6	72.6	58.7	65.6	68.7	62.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	390	235	155	10,605	5,100	5,500
$5,000 to $9,999	185	80	105	4,020	1,790	2,230
$10,000 to $19,999	240	100	140	6,475	2,765	3,710
$20,000 to $29,999	210	75	130	5,360	2,225	3,140
$30,000 to $39,999	160	70	90	4,660	2,060	2,600
$40,000 to $49,999	170	65	105	3,930	1,850	2,075
$50,000 to $59,999	140	80	55	2,880	1,575	1,305
$60,000 to $69,999	145	90	55	2,240	1,415	830
$70,000 to $79,999	115	85	35	1,690	1,055	635
$80,000 and over	320	260	65	4,680	3,480	1,195
$80,000 to $89,999	110	80	30	1,280	835	440
$90,000 to $99,999	90	70	20	940	660	285
$100,000 and over	125	110	15	2,460	1,990	470
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,690	...	...	37,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,360	...	...	57,069	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,576	...	...	51,289	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	535	...	...	11,910	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,872	...	...	28,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,397	...	...	26,740	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,150	...	...	25,760	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,285	...	...	74,113	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,024	...	...	65,862	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,735	...	...	37,675	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,164	...	...	74,937	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,870	...	...	64,026	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	555	...	...	11,930	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,594	...	...	37,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,887	...	...	32,884	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,170	...	...	25,740	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,022	...	...	92,185	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,079	...	...	78,459	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,685	...	...	37,675	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	480	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	435	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1,210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	100	...	...	2,085	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	2,245	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	60	...	...	1,870	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	2,270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	65	...	...	2,130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	1,945	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	1,775	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	3,290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...	2,890	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...	2,570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	2,085	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...	1,845	...	...
$100,000 and over	440	...	...	8,555	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	190	...	...	3,385	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	110	...	...	1,950	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	110	...	...	1,895	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	1,325	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,685	...	...	37,675	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	550	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	445	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50	...	...	1,215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	105	...	...	2,145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	2,595	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	2,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	2,635	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	2,355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95	...	...	2,200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	105	...	...	1,980	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	200	...	...	3,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	130	...	...	3,235	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...	2,645	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	120	...	...	2,065	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...	1,820	...	...
$100,000 and over	275	...	...	5,900	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	2,765	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	1,435	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	1,700	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,125	...	...	24,730	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,984	...	...	73,929	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,235	...	...	65,668	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	540	...	...	14,040	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,208	...	...	68,394	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,523	...	...	60,961	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	370	...	...	6,855	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,680	...	...	104,930	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,344	...	...	91,003	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	3,130	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,048	...	...	44,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,824	...	...	42,035	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,150	...	...	24,730	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,497	...	...	92,254	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,567	...	...	78,354	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	555	...	...	14,100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,228	...	...	81,697	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,641	...	...	69,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	405	...	...	6,840	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,582	...	...	131,091	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,286	...	...	109,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	3,115	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,754	...	...	53,157	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,380	...	...	47,461	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	635	330	305	15,290	6,900	8,390
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,104	39,339	24,640	27,204	28,237	26,726
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,672	34,901	23,936	25,494	26,014	25,116
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	635	350	285	15,265	6,775	8,495
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,431	43,617	29,913	35,488	37,648	33,765
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,774	37,150	27,455	31,078	32,401	30,023
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	3,665	1,815	1,855	80,440	38,775	41,665
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,955	935	1,020	45,730	21,275	24,450
In the bottom decile	330	160	175	8,610	4,075	4,535
In the second decile	380	155	225	10,415	4,585	5,825
In the third decile	360	170	190	9,285	4,260	5,030
In the fourth decile	465	245	225	8,695	4,170	4,525
In the fifth decile	420	205	215	8,725	4,185	4,540
In the top half of the distribution	1,710	885	830	34,715	17,500	17,210
In the sixth decile	345	175	170	8,495	4,180	4,320
In the seventh decile	405	195	205	7,445	3,690	3,755
In the eighth decile	465	240	225	6,950	3,530	3,420
In the ninth decile	345	190	155	6,300	3,240	3,060
In the top decile	150	85	65	5,525	2,865	2,655
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	3,665	1,815	1,855	77,590	37,395	40,195
0 to 17 years	635	305	335	11,380	5,755	5,630
0 to 5 years	200	95	100	3,310	1,660	1,650
18 to 64 years	2,235	1,115	1,120	43,310	20,660	22,650
65 years and over	795	400	395	22,895	10,980	11,915
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	525	235	290	12,720	5,700	7,025
0 to 17 years	120	65	55	2,285	1,160	1,130
0 to 5 years	45	25	15	695	330	360
18 to 64 years	310	140	165	6,700	3,020	3,680
65 years and over	100	35	65	3,735	1,520	2,215
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.3	12.9	15.6	16.4	15.2	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	18.9	21.3	16.4	20.1	20.2	20.1
0 to 5 years (%)	22.5	26.3	15.0	21.0	19.9	21.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	12.6	14.7	15.5	14.6	16.2
65 years and over (%)	12.6	8.8	16.5	16.3	13.8	18.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	210	100	115	5,320	2,605	2,710
0 to 17 years	55	30	25	960	470	495
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	285	135	155
18 to 64 years	155	70	85	3,900	1,955	1,945
65 years and over	5	0	0	460	190	270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	5.5	6.2	6.9	7.0	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.7	9.8	7.5	8.4	8.2	8.8
0 to 5 years (%)	7.5	10.5	5.0	8.6	8.1	9.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.9	6.3	7.6	9.0	9.5	8.6
65 years and over (%)	0.6	0.0	0.0	2.0	1.7	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	3,770	1,895	1,870	80,440	38,775	41,665
Official languages	3,765	1,895	1,870	79,810	38,545	41,260
English	3,760	1,890	1,865	79,770	38,520	41,255
French	685	295	390	4,935	2,195	2,745
Non-official languages	130	90	40	11,930	5,405	6,525
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	470	210	265
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	30	0	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	425	195	235
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	420	195	225
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	100	75	30	11,465	5,200	6,265
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	55	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	50	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	460	115	345
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	50	30	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	390	85	305
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	35	15	9,775	4,550	5,225
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,025	450	575
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,020	450	565
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	110	65	50
Czech	0	0	0	145	65	75
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	275	100	175
Russian	0	0	0	225	80	145
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	65	20	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ukrainian	0	0	10	205	120	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	3,310	1,525	1,790
Afrikaans	0	0	0	160	70	95
Danish	0	0	0	125	65	60
Dutch	0	0	0	580	245	335
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	15
German	10	0	0	2,440	1,135	1,305
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Swedish	10	0	0	55	30	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,375	1,360
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,670	1,340	1,325
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	230	120	115
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,555	1,280	1,275
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	30	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	25	10	2,890	1,305	1,590
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	520	270	250
Portuguese	0	10	0	895	395	500
Romanian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Spanish	15	10	10	1,575	695	885
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	140	50	90
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	0	100	45	50
American Sign Language	10	10	0	30	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	75	35	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	0	285	135	150
Chinese languages	30	20	10	280	135	145
Cantonese	20	15	10	135	70	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	155	70	85
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	20	35
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	45	15	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	390	155	235
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	10	0	0	65	30	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	315	125	185
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	3,770	1,895	1,875	80,440	38,775	41,665
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,745	1,885	1,860	77,670	37,450	40,220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	620	285	330	11,635	6,010	5,625
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,125	1,600	1,530	66,035	31,440	34,590
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	25	15	10	2,775	1,325	1,450
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	3,770	1,895	1,870	80,440	38,780	41,665
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,665	1,835	1,830	68,195	33,050	35,140
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	95	60	40	11,930	5,560	6,375
Before 1981	50	40	15	6,850	3,320	3,535
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	1,290	535	750
1991 to 2000	30	15	15	1,540	635	905
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	1,565	720	840
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	730	340	390
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	830	385	450
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	10	685	340	340
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	320	170	150
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	95	55	35	11,930	5,560	6,375
Under 5 years	25	15	10	1,215	615	600
5 to 14 years	30	15	10	1,890	895	1,000
15 to 24 years	15	20	0	3,330	1,470	1,860
25 to 44 years	15	10	0	4,420	2,120	2,300
45 years and over	10	0	0	1,075	465	610
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	95	55	40	11,930	5,560	6,375
Americas	20	15	0	1,585	650	935
Brazil	0	0	0	40	10	30
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	60	35	20
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	10	0	35	10	30
Mexico	0	0	0	105	35	75
Peru	0	0	0	20	0	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	10	1,070	450	625
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	205	100	105
Europe	40	20	20	6,960	3,400	3,555
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatia	0	0	0	65	40	30
France	0	0	0	115	75	45
Germany	10	0	10	1,135	520	615
Greece	0	0	0	35	25	10
Hungary	0	0	0	215	95	120
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	75	30	45
Italy	0	10	0	265	160	100
Netherlands	10	0	0	505	250	250
Poland	0	0	0	230	80	155
Portugal	0	0	0	665	315	350
Romania	0	0	0	70	45	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	10	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	70	25	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	2,530	1,235	1,290
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	905	480	430
Africa	10	10	0	365	160	210
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	10	30
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	230	95	140
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	80	45	40
Asia	25	15	15	2,760	1,195	1,560
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	0	160	80	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	65	30	30
India	0	0	0	1,725	835	890
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Iraq	0	0	0	25	10	15
Japan	0	0	0	50	10	45
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Philippines	0	0	10	360	65	295
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	145	55	90
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	270	155	110
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	10	685	340	345
Americas	0	0	0	90	40	50
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	30	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	185	110	75
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	50	45	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	80	35	40
Africa	0	0	0	25	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	340	140	205
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	190	95	95
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Philippines	10	0	10	90	25	70
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	45	35	10
Australia	0	0	0	40	30	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	3,770	1,895	1,875	80,445	38,775	41,665
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	110	65	40	12,770	5,990	6,775
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	275	140	140	17,470	8,560	8,910
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,380	1,690	1,690	50,205	24,225	25,980
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	40	20	20	5,305	2,345	2,955
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15	0	10	1,875	865	1,010
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	945	550	395
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	10	0	930	315	615
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	15	20	3,075	1,305	1,770
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	300	165	135
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	50	10	35
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	3,770	1,895	1,870	80,445	38,780	41,665
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	435	220	210	6,145	2,840	3,305
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	430	220	210	5,980	2,760	3,225
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	195	90	105	3,360	1,520	1,845
Métis	235	130	105	2,555	1,190	1,365
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	70	50	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	115	70	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	45	15	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	3,335	1,675	1,660	74,300	35,940	38,360
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	3,765	1,895	1,870	80,440	38,780	41,665
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	165	65	95	2,435	1,130	1,310
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,605	1,830	1,780	78,005	37,650	40,360
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	3,770	1,900	1,870	80,445	38,775	41,665
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	125	65	60	1,620	780	840
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	125	65	60	1,600	765	830
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	90	40	50	1,270	595	675
Métis single ancestry	40	30	15	310	150	160
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	415	195	220	5,470	2,495	2,970
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	395	185	210	5,290	2,440	2,850
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	200	85	115	3,135	1,415	1,730
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	195	100	95	2,090	990	1,105
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	45	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	15	175	50	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	180	55	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	3,225	1,635	1,590	73,350	35,500	37,850
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	3,770	1,895	1,875	80,445	38,775	41,665
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	50	25	25	5,440	2,505	2,935
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	2,950	1,455	1,495
Chinese	30	20	10	490	235	250
Black	0	10	0	240	80	155
Filipino	0	0	10	505	150	360
Latin American	0	0	10	270	110	160
Arab	0	0	0	50	20	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	230	110	120
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Korean	0	0	0	135	55	80
Japanese	0	0	0	315	140	175
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	75	30	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	120	70	45
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	3,715	1,870	1,850	75,005	36,275	38,725
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	3,770	1,895	1,875	80,445	38,780	41,665
North American Aboriginal origins	540	260	280	7,090	3,270	3,815
First Nations (North American Indian)	305	130	175	4,605	2,075	2,530
Inuit	0	0	0	80	65	15
Métis	255	135	115	2,605	1,200	1,400
Other North American origins	1,745	825	920	20,240	9,695	10,545
Acadian	10	0	10	115	55	60
American	20	10	10	1,550	785	765
Canadian	1,730	825	905	19,080	9,105	9,970
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	60	30	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	2,815	1,430	1,380	66,060	31,720	34,335
British Isles origins	1,885	940	950	44,035	21,080	22,960
Channel Islander	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	10
English	1,025	490	535	28,345	13,480	14,870
Irish	870	440	430	15,055	6,755	8,300
Manx	0	0	0	30	10	15
Scottish	760	385	375	18,775	8,915	9,855
Welsh	40	25	20	2,510	1,185	1,325
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	75	30	45	2,090	940	1,150
French origins	1,400	725	680	9,260	4,195	5,065
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,400	720	680	9,260	4,195	5,070
Western European origins (except French origins)	395	210	190	20,585	9,785	10,800
Austrian	15	10	10	1,295	645	655
Bavarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belgian	0	0	0	445	215	230
Dutch	95	60	40	4,600	2,180	2,420
Flemish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	300	160	145	15,090	7,040	8,050
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	10	20
Swiss	0	0	0	835	455	380
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	100	50	55	8,195	3,750	4,445
Danish	10	10	0	1,275	615	660
Finnish	95	50	50	705	350	350
Icelandic	0	0	0	635	250	380
Norwegian	10	0	0	3,440	1,590	1,850
Swedish	0	10	0	2,685	1,230	1,460
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	325	145	180
Eastern European origins	395	200	195	12,615	6,040	6,575
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Czech	10	10	0	455	225	230
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	165	55	110
Estonian	0	0	10	85	40	50
Hungarian	25	0	25	1,620	715	905
Latvian	10	0	0	120	80	45
Lithuanian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	140	70	65	2,970	1,350	1,620
Romanian	20	10	10	595	305	295
Russian	10	10	0	2,630	1,240	1,385
Slovak	10	0	0	275	140	135
Ukrainian	235	130	100	5,425	2,675	2,750
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	10	35
Southern European origins	210	145	65	5,930	2,890	3,040
Albanian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	455	235	215
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	280	145	135
Italian	180	125	55	2,830	1,375	1,455
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	15	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	1,690	835	855
Serbian	0	0	0	100	60	35
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Spanish	20	0	10	610	235	375
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	145	80	65
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	10	10	495	205	295
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	10	0	10	175	60	120
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	300	125	170
Caribbean origins	20	10	10	185	90	100
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	65	35	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	35	0	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	45	20	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	10	0	710	330	380
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	50	0	40
Chilean	0	0	0	30	25	10
Colombian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mexican	0	0	0	330	160	170
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	95	65	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	30	0	25
African origins	0	0	10	485	200	285
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	25	15	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	15	10
North African origins	0	0	0	45	15	25
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	190	75	115
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	160	55	100
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	235	90	140
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	65	15	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	10	170	70	95
Asian origins	40	25	15	5,310	2,500	2,810
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	0	0	340	180	160
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	0	50	40	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	20	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,950	1,455	1,500
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	2,510	1,225	1,285
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	25	35
Punjabi	0	0	0	395	205	185
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	30	15	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	20	10	2,020	875	1,145
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chinese	30	25	10	680	350	335
Filipino	10	0	0	575	175	395
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	70	30	45
Japanese	0	0	0	375	165	210
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	140	55	85
Laotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	50	20	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	135	80	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	410	215	190
Australian	0	0	0	230	120	110
New Zealander	0	0	0	75	45	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	110	60	55
Fijian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,730	...	...	37,670	...	...
Owner	1,280	...	...	27,675	...	...
Renter	455	...	...	9,955	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,730	...	...	37,670	...	...
Condominium	30	...	...	5,965	...	...
Not condominium	1,700	...	...	31,705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,730	...	...	37,670	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	205	...	...
1 bedroom	170	...	...	4,030	...	...
2 bedrooms	475	...	...	12,995	...	...
3 bedrooms	725	...	...	11,550	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	365	...	...	8,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,730	...	...	37,670	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	355	...	...	9,535	...	...
5 rooms	335	...	...	6,755	...	...
6 rooms	390	...	...	5,640	...	...
7 rooms	230	...	...	4,650	...	...
8 or more rooms	430	...	...	11,095	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,730	...	...	37,675	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,730	...	...	37,425	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,735	...	...	37,675	...	...
Suitable	1,680	...	...	36,715	...	...
Not suitable	50	...	...	955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,730	...	...	37,675	...	...
1960 or before	835	...	...	6,610	...	...
1961 to 1980	775	...	...	11,880	...	...
1981 to 1990	65	...	...	5,635	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	6,880	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	2,180	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	2,815	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	1,675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,730	...	...	37,670	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,600	...	...	35,170	...	...
Major repairs needed	135	...	...	2,500	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,730	...	...	37,675	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,090	...	...	22,110	...	...
2 household maintainers	615	...	...	14,855	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,735	...	...	37,670	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...	640	...	...
25 to 34 years	170	...	...	2,910	...	...
35 to 44 years	250	...	...	3,820	...	...
45 to 54 years	280	...	...	5,865	...	...
55 to 64 years	375	...	...	8,870	...	...
65 to 74 years	315	...	...	8,315	...	...
75 to 84 years	205	...	...	5,160	...	...
85 years and over	70	...	...	2,100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,725	...	...	35,400	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,375	...	...	26,800	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	350	...	...	8,595	...	...
30% to less than 100%	305	...	...	7,720	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,280	...	...	25,615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.9	...	...	48.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.3	...	...	15.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	867	...	...	658	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,033	...	...	970	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	159,912	...	...	374,975	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	166,287	...	...	418,292	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	450	...	...	9,815	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.3	...	...	13.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.1	...	...	47.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	803	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	831	...	...	999	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,275	1,675	1,600	70,910	33,850	37,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	860	435	425	13,335	6,865	6,465
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	910	455	465	21,415	9,675	11,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,500	785	710	36,165	17,310	18,855
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	290	215	75	8,880	6,405	2,480
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	170	110	60	3,595	1,975	1,625
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	115	100	15	5,285	4,430	855
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	845	395	450	15,185	5,480	9,695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	20	20	2,195	785	1,415
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	330	160	175	9,900	4,640	5,260
Bachelor's degree	270	130	145	6,385	2,865	3,520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	735	340	400
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	465	310	160
Master's degree	35	25	15	2,040	935	1,105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	275	190	80
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,995	1,015	985	40,090	18,900	21,190
No certificate, diploma or degree	305	135	170	4,880	2,810	2,070
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	565	285	280	12,045	5,705	6,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,120	590	535	23,165	10,385	12,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	205	145	60	5,025	3,630	1,395
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	120	80	40	2,055	1,115	935
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	85	65	15	2,970	2,510	455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	675	325	350	10,075	3,435	6,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	15	10	1,280	430	845
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	220	105	115	6,785	2,890	3,890
Bachelor's degree	175	85	85	4,475	1,880	2,605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	535	240	300
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	325	190	135
Master's degree	30	20	15	1,325	510	810
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	125	85	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,275	1,675	1,600	70,910	33,850	37,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,775	890	885	34,745	16,540	18,205
Education	85	30	55	3,010	915	2,095
13. Education	85	30	50	3,005	915	2,090
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	0	1,045	425	620
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	270	180	90
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	775	240	530
Humanities	60	30	35	1,435	615	825
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	110	15	90
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	335	125	205
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	15	465	175	285
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	70	35	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	205	120	85
54. History	0	0	0	210	120	90
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	40	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	25	115	2,720	855	1,865
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	25	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	175	70	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	50	750	60	685
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	15	445	140	300
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	50	15	30
42. Psychology	25	10	15	525	135	385
45. Social sciences	35	10	25	760	415	345
Business, management and public administration	195	60	135	6,465	2,155	4,305
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	0	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	20	25	480	70	410
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	155	45	110	5,945	2,080	3,860
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	15	0	980	545	430
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	455	235	225
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	190	100	90
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	10	235	180	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	95	35	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	580	330	250
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	10	400	270	130
25. Library science	0	0	0	95	10	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	65	35	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	470	445	25	8,470	7,900	570
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	140	95	50
14. Engineering	40	35	10	625	565	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	110	10	1,400	1,175	225
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	100	100	0	2,375	2,280	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	160	155	0	2,625	2,520	105
48. Precision production	55	50	10	1,300	1,255	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	30	10	1,290	815	475
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	830	465	360
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	30	10	465	350	110
Health and related fields	315	50	260	7,155	1,290	5,865
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	20	25	565	285	275
51. Health professions and related programs	270	35	235	6,460	925	5,540
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	125	80	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	70	60	3,010	1,470	1,545
12. Personal and culinary services	55	0	50	2,030	600	1,425
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	45	45	0
43. Security and protective services	55	45	0	315	260	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	10	630	555	70
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,995	1,010	985	40,090	18,900	21,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	870	425	450	16,925	8,520	8,410
Education	55	25	25	1,705	430	1,275
13. Education	50	30	30	1,705	430	1,280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	645	215	425
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	130	75	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	515	140	375
Humanities	25	10	15	975	390	580
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	70	10	70
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	220	75	145
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	10	10	345	145	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	50	25	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	105	55	50
54. History	10	0	10	160	85	70
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	105	25	80	1,930	555	1,375
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	10	150	55	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	505	30	475
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	335	85	250
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	30	10	15
42. Psychology	15	0	10	345	70	280
45. Social sciences	25	15	10	545	295	250
Business, management and public administration	155	45	110	4,140	1,295	2,850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	20	20	350	55	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	120	30	95	3,770	1,235	2,530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	15	0	645	330	315
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	325	145	180
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	125	65	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	145	115	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	50	10	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	20	15	10	440	260	180
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	10	340	230	105
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	10	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	365	340	30	5,020	4,585	430
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	90	45	40
14. Engineering	40	35	10	365	320	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	105	95	15	860	685	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	75	75	0	1,450	1,370	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	120	115	0	1,520	1,445	75
48. Precision production	25	20	10	735	715	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	15	915	550	365
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	10	570	320	250
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	10	340	230	105
Health and related fields	240	45	190	4,840	850	3,990
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	15	15	420	200	220
51. Health professions and related programs	205	25	175	4,310	585	3,730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	105	70	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	110	50	60	1,915	925	990
12. Personal and culinary services	55	0	50	1,280	405	875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	10	240	195	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	385	315	70
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,270	1,675	1,600	70,910	33,855	37,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,775	885	885	34,745	16,540	18,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,500	785	715	36,160	17,310	18,855
Location of study inside Canada	1,455	765	690	31,185	14,685	16,505
Same as province or territory of residence	1,385	735	655	21,615	9,970	11,645
Different than province or territory of residence	70	35	35	9,570	4,715	4,860
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	45	20	20	4,980	2,630	2,350
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	10	1,340	805	530
Philippines	0	0	0	185	40	145
India	0	0	0	335	175	160
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	975	500	475
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	45	15	25
France	0	0	0	45	35	10
Other	0	0	10	2,050	1,050	1,005
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,995	1,010	985	40,090	18,900	21,190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	875	425	445	16,925	8,515	8,410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,120	585	535	23,165	10,380	12,780
Location of study inside Canada	1,095	580	515	20,600	9,130	11,465
Same as province or territory of residence	1,065	565	505	15,105	6,595	8,515
Different than province or territory of residence	30	15	15	5,490	2,540	2,950
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	10	20	2,565	1,250	1,315
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	720	410	315
Philippines	0	0	10	140	40	100
India	0	0	0	295	145	155
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	370	160	205
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	40	15	25
France	0	0	0	30	15	10
Other	0	0	0	975	465	510
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,275	1,675	1,600	70,910	33,850	37,060
In the labour force	1,755	925	830	38,320	19,455	18,865
Employed	1,665	875	790	35,085	17,630	17,455
Unemployed	90	55	35	3,235	1,825	1,410
Not in the labour force	1,515	750	770	32,590	14,395	18,190
Participation rate	53.6	55.2	51.9	54.0	57.5	50.9
Employment rate	50.8	52.2	49.4	49.5	52.1	47.1
Unemployment rate	5.1	5.9	4.2	8.4	9.4	7.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,270	1,675	1,600	70,910	33,850	37,060
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,490	740	755	29,530	13,020	16,510
Worked	1,785	935	845	41,380	20,830	20,545
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	960	570	390	17,000	9,340	7,665
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	825	365	460	24,380	11,495	12,885
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	44.5	42.1	40.1	40.5	39.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,755	925	830	38,320	19,455	18,865
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	25	10	560	285	275
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,730	905	825	37,760	19,165	18,590
Employee	1,620	860	755	31,095	15,250	15,845
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	110	40	70	6,665	3,915	2,745
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,755	925	830	38,320	19,455	18,870
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	20	0	565	280	280
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,730	905	825	37,755	19,165	18,590
0 Management occupations	140	95	45	4,650	2,805	1,845
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	195	40	160	4,850	1,120	3,730
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	90	75	15	1,635	1,220	415
3 Health occupations	170	20	150	2,995	575	2,415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	150	25	125	3,285	975	2,310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	10	895	385	510
6 Sales and service occupations	465	150	310	9,555	3,660	5,895
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	270	260	10	6,350	5,900	450
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	60	0	2,185	1,535	655
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	175	165	15	1,355	995	360
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,755	925	830	38,320	19,455	18,870
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	20	0	560	285	275
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,725	905	825	37,760	19,170	18,590
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	0	2,900	1,790	1,110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	40	0	785	685	95
22 Utilities	25	15	0	145	105	35
23 Construction	110	105	10	3,560	3,145	420
31-33 Manufacturing	350	310	45	2,745	2,045	695
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	0	945	640	305
44-45 Retail trade	255	95	160	4,715	2,060	2,650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	45	30	15	1,245	865	385
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	430	220	215
52 Finance and insurance	40	0	35	995	305	690
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	0	25	840	435	400
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	85	50	30	1,770	865	905
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	20	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	20	10	1,370	800	560
61 Educational services	115	20	95	1,975	645	1,325
62 Health care and social assistance	230	50	180	4,980	870	4,110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	25	10	15	955	520	430
72 Accommodation and food services	185	65	120	3,705	1,425	2,280
81 Other services (except public administration)	65	15	50	1,690	705	985
91 Public administration	70	40	30	1,995	1,015	980
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,665	875	795	35,085	17,630	17,455
Worked at home	25	0	30	3,845	1,895	1,950
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	125	65	60
No fixed workplace address	130	110	25	4,540	3,375	1,165
Worked at usual place	1,495	760	735	26,570	12,285	14,280
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,495	760	735	26,570	12,290	14,280
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,135	515	620	15,370	6,750	8,620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	135	115	20	9,225	4,370	4,855
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	220	130	90	1,595	915	680
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	380	255	120
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,630	870	760	31,110	15,665	15,445
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,190	670	525	24,550	12,480	12,075
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	115	60	55	2,070	895	1,170
Public transit	0	0	0	400	155	245
Walked	280	125	160	2,815	1,245	1,570
Bicycle	25	15	10	510	340	165
Other method	15	10	15	765	550	215
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,630	870	755	31,110	15,665	15,445
Less than 15 minutes	1,095	515	585	16,885	7,725	9,160
15 to 29 minutes	245	180	65	8,785	4,540	4,240
30 to 44 minutes	85	45	40	2,820	1,695	1,125
45 to 59 minutes	115	80	40	1,205	730	475
60 minutes and over	85	55	25	1,415	975	440
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,625	870	760	31,110	15,665	15,445
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	185	160	25	1,925	1,460	470
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	290	220	70	6,080	3,875	2,205
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	355	175	185	7,845	4,150	3,695
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	320	80	245	7,185	2,535	4,650
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	175	55	120	3,795	1,435	2,360
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	305	190	120	4,280	2,215	2,065
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,875	980	890	42,870	21,530	21,340
Single responses	1,865	980	885	42,555	21,365	21,185
Official languages	1,865	980	880	42,140	21,135	21,000
English	1,835	975	870	42,060	21,105	20,955
French	25	10	15	80	35	45
Non-official languages	0	0	0	415	230	185
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	405	225	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	375	205	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	340	190	150
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	340	185	155
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	340	190	150
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	310	165	150
English and French	0	0	10	70	30	40
English and non-official language	0	0	10	245	135	110
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,870	980	890	42,865	21,530	21,335
None	1,725	910	815	41,490	20,875	20,615
English	0	0	10	245	125	120
French	135	65	70	435	240	200
Non-official language	10	10	0	655	275	375
Aboriginal	0	0	0	80	15	65
Non-Aboriginal	0	10	0	575	265	310
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,730	1,870	1,860	79,850	38,460	41,390
Non-movers	3,320	1,660	1,655	67,980	32,765	35,220
Movers	410	215	195	11,865	5,695	6,170
Non-migrants	245	135	110	5,345	2,560	2,780
Migrants	160	80	90	6,520	3,130	3,385
Internal migrants	155	75	80	6,175	3,010	3,165
Intraprovincial migrants	155	75	75	4,505	2,160	2,345
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,675	850	820
External migrants	10	0	10	345	120	220
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,600	1,805	1,800	77,630	37,340	40,290
Non-movers	2,415	1,205	1,210	46,530	22,380	24,150
Movers	1,190	605	580	31,095	14,960	16,140
Non-migrants	670	360	310	12,480	6,095	6,385
Migrants	515	240	270	18,620	8,865	9,755
Internal migrants	505	240	270	17,670	8,400	9,260
Intraprovincial migrants	470	220	245	12,780	6,065	6,720
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	15	4,885	2,340	2,545
External migrants	10	0	10	950	465	490

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Espanola [Population centre], Ontario and Okanagan-Similkameen, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Espanola [Population centre], Ontario and Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Espanola [Population centre], Ontario and Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Espanola [Population centre], Ontario and Okanagan-Similkameen, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia