Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kanata [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kanata Ontario [Population centre]			Nunavut [Territory]
	Data quality , Kanata [Population centre], Ontario Map : Kanata [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Nunavut [Territory] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	117,304	...	...	35,944	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	104,559 ^r	...	...	31,906	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	12.2	...	...	12.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	41,653	...	...	11,433	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	40,903	...	...	9,819	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,964.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	59.70	...	...	1,877,778.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	117,310	57,055	60,255	35,945	18,390	17,550
0 to 14 years	23,765	12,095	11,670	11,685	5,975	5,710
0 to 4 years	6,975	3,505	3,470	4,155	2,130	2,025
5 to 9 years	8,405	4,370	4,040	4,120	2,130	1,985
10 to 14 years	8,380	4,220	4,160	3,415	1,720	1,700
15 to 64 years	77,985	38,020	39,970	22,895	11,710	11,190
15 to 19 years	8,235	4,095	4,140	3,140	1,600	1,535
20 to 24 years	6,655	3,420	3,230	3,045	1,535	1,510
25 to 29 years	5,710	2,820	2,890	3,185	1,610	1,580
30 to 34 years	7,065	3,415	3,650	2,815	1,390	1,425
35 to 39 years	7,800	3,610	4,195	2,385	1,210	1,180
40 to 44 years	9,100	4,270	4,830	2,030	1,065	965
45 to 49 years	9,530	4,675	4,860	2,065	1,055	1,005
50 to 54 years	9,860	4,920	4,945	1,840	955	890
55 to 59 years	8,005	3,930	4,075	1,405	750	655
60 to 64 years	6,030	2,865	3,165	975	535	440
65 years and over	15,560	6,940	8,620	1,360	710	655
65 to 69 years	5,165	2,410	2,760	655	340	310
70 to 74 years	3,705	1,735	1,965	345	180	165
75 to 79 years	2,780	1,255	1,525	205	110	100
80 to 84 years	1,945	875	1,075	105	50	50
85 years and over	1,960	665	1,295	55	25	25
85 to 89 years	1,185	435	755	40	20	25
90 to 94 years	590	190	405	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	165	40	120	5	5	5
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.3	21.2	19.4	32.5	32.5	32.5
15 to 64 years	66.5	66.6	66.3	63.7	63.7	63.8
65 years and over	13.3	12.2	14.3	3.8	3.9	3.7
85 years and over	1.7	1.2	2.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
Average age of the population	38.5	37.7	39.3	27.7	27.8	27.5
Median age of the population	39.7	38.8	40.4	25.1	25.2	25.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	40,905	...	...	9,820	...	...
Single-detached house	22,205	...	...	4,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,130	...	...	110	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	17,465	...	...	5,335	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,355	...	...	875	...	...
Row house	13,615	...	...	2,960	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,445	...	...	1,300	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	100	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	40,905	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 person	6,795	...	...	1,855	...	...
2 persons	12,895	...	...	1,890	...	...
3 persons	7,920	...	...	1,495	...	...
4 persons	8,885	...	...	1,545	...	...
5 or more persons	4,410	...	...	3,030	...	...
Number of persons in private households	115,780	...	...	35,580	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	3.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	93,550	44,960	48,585	24,260	12,415	11,840
Married or living common law	60,500	30,170	30,325	12,895	6,480	6,420
Married	53,780	26,805	26,975	6,625	3,350	3,280
Living common law	6,720	3,360	3,360	6,270	3,130	3,140
Not married and not living common law	33,045	14,785	18,260	11,360	5,935	5,425
Never married	22,585	11,840	10,745	9,790	5,345	4,450
Separated	2,210	845	1,365	405	185	215
Divorced	4,335	1,390	2,945	440	190	255
Widowed	3,925	720	3,210	720	220	505
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	34,060	...	...	8,780	...	...
2 persons	13,870	...	...	2,825	...	...
3 persons	7,940	...	...	2,145	...	...
4 persons	8,940	...	...	1,690	...	...
5 or more persons	3,320	...	...	2,115	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	34,060	...	...	8,780	...	...
Total couple families	29,740	...	...	6,225	...	...
Married couples	26,385	...	...	3,095	...	...
Common-law couples	3,355	...	...	3,135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,325	...	...	2,550	...	...
Female parent	3,355	...	...	1,820	...	...
Male parent	965	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	29,740	...	...	6,230	...	...
Couples without children	11,495	...	...	1,465	...	...
Couples with children	18,245	...	...	4,760	...	...
1 child	6,420	...	...	1,440	...	...
2 children	8,585	...	...	1,400	...	...
3 or more children	3,245	...	...	1,920	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,325	...	...	2,555	...	...
1 child	2,370	...	...	1,360	...	...
2 children	1,520	...	...	700	...	...
3 or more children	430	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,975	4,730	6,240	4,475	2,555	1,915
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	40,905	...	...	9,820	...	...
One-census-family households	32,345	...	...	6,355	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,740	...	...	1,065	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	21,610	...	...	5,290	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	845	...	...	1,140	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,715	...	...	2,320	...	...
One-person households	6,790	...	...	1,855	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	920	...	...	470	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	116,275	56,740	59,540	35,690	18,200	17,490
English only	80,330	40,570	39,760	32,065	16,345	15,715
French only	440	165	275	60	35	20
English and French	33,795	15,310	18,485	1,525	795	725
Neither English nor French	1,710	685	1,020	2,045	1,025	1,025
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	116,275	56,740	59,540	35,690	18,200	17,490
English	104,275	51,315	52,960	32,990	16,795	16,195
French	7,965	3,660	4,310	580	340	240
English and French	2,365	1,095	1,270	90	50	40
Neither English nor French	1,670	670	995	2,025	1,015	1,015
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	9,155	4,205	4,945	625	365	260
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	7.9	7.4	8.3	1.8	2.0	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	116,280	56,740	59,535	35,695	18,200	17,490
Single responses	112,815	55,120	57,695	34,960	17,830	17,130
Official languages	87,010	42,850	44,160	11,615	6,085	5,530
English	79,490	39,395	40,095	11,020	5,740	5,280
French	7,520	3,460	4,065	595	350	240
Non-official languages	25,810	12,270	13,535	23,345	11,740	11,605
Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	22,610	11,360	11,250
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	22,600	11,355	11,245
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	495	220	275
Inuktitut	5	0	0	22,070	11,125	10,945
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,800	12,265	13,530	735	380	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,990	1,510	1,475	75	60	20
Berber languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Kabyle	45	20	20	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	250	105	140	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	5	5	5	0
Somali	230	95	135	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,685	1,375	1,310	60	45	15
Amharic	115	50	65	20	10	5
Arabic	2,435	1,250	1,185	40	30	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	60	35	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	50	25	25	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,400	620	780	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	275	120	155	0	5	0
Vietnamese	1,125	500	625	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	725	275	445	175	65	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	15	25	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	5	5	5
Ilocano	35	20	20	20	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	20	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	580	220	360	135	50	80
Waray-Waray	5	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	170	80	95	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	150	65	85	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	745	370	375	20	10	10
Kannada	45	25	20	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	45	50	5	0	0
Tamil	510	255	255	15	10	5
Telugu	90	50	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,485	5,500	5,985	270	145	120
Albanian	90	50	45	0	0	0
Armenian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,415	1,590	1,830	40	30	15
Baltic languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,365	1,570	1,800	45	30	15
Belarusan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	150	75	70	0	0	0
Bulgarian	130	60	70	0	5	0
Croatian	115	50	65	0	0	0
Czech	120	50	70	5	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	710	325	385	15	15	0
Russian	1,530	725	810	10	5	5
Serbian	170	85	90	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slovak	120	60	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	5	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	225	100	120	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,015	475	535	70	40	30
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	30	20	15	5	5	0
Dutch	250	115	135	15	5	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	635	290	340	35	20	15
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	10	10	5	5
Swedish	40	20	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	0
Greek	180	105	80	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,920	1,940	1,980	85	45	45
Indo-Aryan languages	2,910	1,435	1,480	80	40	35
Bengali	320	155	165	25	15	15
Gujarati	285	140	145	5	0	0
Hindi	515	260	255	5	5	5
Kashmiri	10	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	50	25	20	0	0	5
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	630	310	320	5	5	0
Sindhi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	90	35	55	0	0	5
Urdu	960	470	485	25	15	15
Iranian languages	990	500	490	10	5	5
Kurdish	45	25	20	0	5	0
Pashto	60	35	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	885	435	450	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,800	1,310	1,485	60	30	30
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	615	305	310	5	5	5
Portuguese	420	180	240	5	5	0
Romanian	495	225	275	10	0	5
Spanish	1,260	595	665	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	35	75	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	315	140	170	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	300	140	165	75	50	30
Akan (Twi)	45	20	25	5	5	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	5	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	15	5	10	15	10	5
Swahili	30	10	20	5	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	15	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	35	35	30	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	20	10	10
American Sign Language	5	5	5	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	6,750	3,215	3,540	50	20	30
Chinese languages	6,750	3,210	3,540	50	20	30
Cantonese	1,590	790	805	15	5	10
Hakka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	4,750	2,240	2,515	10	5	5
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	155	75	85	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	100	45	50	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	50	60	20	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	195	80	115	0	0	5
Lao	145	65	75	0	0	0
Thai	55	15	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	300	145	145	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkish	255	135	120	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages	285	135	145	20	10	5
Estonian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	50	25	20	5	5	5
Hungarian	225	105	120	10	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	3,460	1,620	1,840	735	370	365
English and French	1,135	510	620	25	10	15
English and non-official language	1,895	905	985	685	355	335
French and non-official language	180	85	95	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	255	120	140	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	116,275	56,740	59,540	35,695	18,200	17,490
Single responses	110,195	53,800	56,395	35,085	17,895	17,185
Official languages	96,705	47,340	49,365	17,030	8,660	8,370
English	93,060	45,700	47,365	16,685	8,470	8,215
French	3,640	1,640	2,005	345	190	155
Non-official languages	13,490	6,460	7,035	18,055	9,240	8,815
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	17,735	9,070	8,665
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	17,735	9,070	8,665
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	110	45	60
Inuktitut	0	0	0	17,600	9,015	8,590
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,490	6,460	7,030	320	165	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,515	750	765	30	20	15
Berber languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	40	20	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	110	45	65	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	0	0	5	0
Somali	105	40	65	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,365	685	680	25	15	10
Amharic	60	25	35	15	5	5
Arabic	1,255	630	620	15	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	775	345	430	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	100	45	60	0	0	0
Vietnamese	670	300	370	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	230	95	135	120	55	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	75	110	110	55	60
Waray-Waray	5	5	5	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	30	40	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	55	20	30	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	345	160	185	15	10	5
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	255	120	135	15	10	5
Telugu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,310	2,535	2,775	85	50	35
Albanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	15	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,820	890	930	10	5	5
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,815	890	925	10	5	5
Belarusan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	295	135	160	5	0	0
Russian	1,055	525	535	5	0	0
Serbian	105	55	55	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	45	20	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	40	40	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	115	50	60	5	5	5
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	30	35	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,080	975	1,105	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	1,435	675	760	45	25	20
Bengali	195	85	110	20	15	10
Gujarati	115	55	60	0	0	0
Hindi	205	90	115	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	5	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	325	160	165	0	5	0
Sindhi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Urdu	520	245	280	15	5	5
Iranian languages	640	300	345	5	5	0
Kurdish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pashto	40	20	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	585	270	310	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,200	565	635	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Portuguese	230	110	120	0	0	0
Romanian	250	110	135	0	5	0
Spanish	655	320	335	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	190	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	25	30	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	5	0	0
Swahili	0	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	25	10	35	20	15
American Sign Language	10	5	5	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	10	25	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,585	2,220	2,365	15	5	10
Chinese languages	4,585	2,220	2,360	15	5	10
Cantonese	890	420	470	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,485	1,710	1,780	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	75	35	45	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	30	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Lao	70	25	40	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	135	70	65	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,080	2,940	3,140	610	305	305
English and French	910	410	500	20	10	10
English and non-official language	4,620	2,280	2,340	585	290	295
French and non-official language	135	60	75	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	415	190	230	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	116,280	56,735	59,540	35,690	18,205	17,490
None	93,125	46,040	47,085	17,430	8,995	8,435
English	8,570	4,110	4,460	9,555	4,885	4,670
French	5,650	2,530	3,125	240	130	110
Non-official language	8,130	3,705	4,430	8,425	4,175	4,250
Aboriginal	15	10	10	7,990	3,960	4,025
Non-Aboriginal	8,115	3,700	4,420	435	215	220
English and French	245	115	125	0	0	0
English and non-official language	175	75	100	20	15	10
French and non-official language	375	160	215	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	92,035	44,495	47,540	23,930	12,180	11,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,640	42,455	45,185	22,435	11,345	11,090
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,914	62,255	39,229	29,743	28,817	30,326
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,675	42,455	45,215	22,435	11,345	11,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,531	52,733	34,835	28,635	27,517	29,403
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,430	40,620	41,805	19,220	9,910	9,315
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,539	61,177	37,074	30,583	31,667	29,517
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,230	24,275	32,955	21,890	11,040	10,840
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,613	840	3,556	2,524	1,275	4,682
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,305	35,255	34,045	18,590	9,605	8,985
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,067	62,111	39,400	29,724	30,603	28,640
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	92,005	44,515	47,490	23,935	12,175	11,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,590	42,430	45,160	22,435	11,345	11,090
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,382	72,884	46,695	50,689	50,882	50,492
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,610	42,430	45,180	22,435	11,345	11,090
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,061	57,634	39,071	43,247	42,937	43,564
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,645	40,655	41,990	19,225	9,905	9,310
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,751	72,864	45,086	52,115	53,453	50,693
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,375	24,350	33,025	21,885	11,045	10,845
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,025	5,348	6,524	6,191	4,314	8,103
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,260	35,215	34,050	18,590	9,605	8,980
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,112	71,623	46,172	51,195	52,454	49,849
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	92,005	44,515	47,490	23,930	12,175	11,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	38,380	21,365	17,015	7,580	3,925	3,655
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	73,769	83,311	62,071	90,230	88,548	91,332
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	81,634	93,606	66,602	88,321	89,311	87,259
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	93.3	95.8	89.8	88.1	91.8	84.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	78.8	81.7	74.6	83.7	87.2	80.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	6.7	4.2	10.2	11.9	8.3	15.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	92,035	44,495	47,540	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without total income	4,390	2,040	2,350	1,495	830	665
With total income	87,640	42,455	45,185	22,435	11,345	11,095
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.4	95.0	93.8	93.1	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,060	4,755	7,305	5,320	3,165	2,155
$10,000 to $19,999	10,710	4,085	6,625	3,350	1,480	1,870
$20,000 to $29,999	7,720	2,955	4,765	2,610	1,135	1,475
$30,000 to $39,999	7,010	2,750	4,260	1,810	840	965
$40,000 to $49,999	7,105	2,885	4,220	1,190	575	610
$50,000 to $59,999	7,000	3,075	3,930	810	400	410
$60,000 to $69,999	6,320	3,080	3,240	730	375	360
$70,000 to $79,999	5,715	3,085	2,630	735	370	365
$80,000 to $89,999	5,115	2,870	2,245	820	440	380
$90,000 to $99,999	4,820	2,615	2,200	835	375	460
$100,000 and over	14,075	10,290	3,780	4,230	2,185	2,045
$100,000 to $149,999	10,015	7,020	2,995	3,215	1,570	1,645
$150,000 and over	4,060	3,270	790	1,010	615	400
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	92,030	44,495	47,535	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without after-tax income	4,365	2,035	2,325	1,495	835	665
With after-tax income	87,675	42,455	45,210	22,435	11,345	11,095
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.4	95.1	93.8	93.1	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,580	4,845	7,730	5,335	3,165	2,170
$10,000 to $19,999	11,195	4,290	6,905	3,410	1,530	1,880
$20,000 to $29,999	8,940	3,495	5,445	2,825	1,250	1,570
$30,000 to $39,999	8,785	3,530	5,250	1,920	915	1,005
$40,000 to $49,999	9,135	3,885	5,255	1,270	605	665
$50,000 to $59,999	8,520	4,160	4,355	980	500	485
$60,000 to $69,999	7,490	4,130	3,360	1,015	505	510
$70,000 to $79,999	6,710	3,765	2,945	1,085	555	530
$80,000 and over	14,315	10,360	3,960	4,595	2,315	2,280
$80,000 to $89,999	4,800	3,060	1,735	1,095	500	590
$90,000 to $99,999	3,170	2,285	885	1,025	480	550
$100,000 and over	6,350	5,010	1,335	2,475	1,335	1,145
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	92,035	44,495	47,540	23,930	12,180	11,755
Without employment income	22,730	9,235	13,490	5,340	2,575	2,770
With employment income	69,305	35,260	34,045	18,590	9,600	8,985
Percentage with employment income	75.3	79.2	71.6	77.7	78.8	76.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,060	3,755	4,305	3,930	1,925	2,000
$5,000 to $9,999	4,730	1,930	2,800	1,800	875	925
$10,000 to $19,999	7,050	2,920	4,125	2,150	1,135	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	5,275	2,220	3,055	1,440	815	620
$30,000 to $39,999	4,980	2,050	2,930	1,025	580	445
$40,000 to $49,999	5,020	2,105	2,910	815	430	380
$50,000 to $59,999	5,005	2,155	2,850	710	350	360
$60,000 to $69,999	4,630	2,205	2,425	655	355	295
$70,000 to $79,999	4,255	2,300	1,955	680	360	320
$80,000 and over	20,305	13,610	6,695	5,390	2,775	2,615
$80,000 to $89,999	4,375	2,365	2,005	755	410	345
$90,000 to $99,999	4,080	2,255	1,825	805	345	460
$100,000 and over	11,855	8,990	2,865	3,830	2,020	1,810
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	40,900	...	...	9,820	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	111,918	...	...	97,441	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	93,711	...	...	85,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,790	...	...	1,855	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,302	...	...	72,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,786	...	...	61,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,110	...	...	7,965	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	123,889	...	...	102,778	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	103,586	...	...	91,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	40,905	...	...	9,815	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	127,146	...	...	115,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	102,930	...	...	98,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,790	...	...	1,855	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	70,382	...	...	79,545	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,028	...	...	65,262	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	34,115	...	...	7,965	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	138,441	...	...	124,267	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,262	...	...	106,628	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	40,900	...	...	9,820	...	...
Under $5,000	280	...	...	105	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	185	...	...	265	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	260	...	...	205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	430	...	...	235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	545	...	...	295	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	590	...	...	300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	635	...	...	325	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	795	...	...	325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	795	...	...	340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	925	...	...	305	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,050	...	...	550	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,335	...	...	520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,465	...	...	435	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,555	...	...	415	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,655	...	...	410	...	...
$100,000 and over	23,405	...	...	4,795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,045	...	...	1,070	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,960	...	...	920	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	6,615	...	...	1,160	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,780	...	...	1,645	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	40,905	...	...	9,820	...	...
Under $5,000	320	...	...	100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	185	...	...	270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	275	...	...	210	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	450	...	...	240	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	595	...	...	300	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	685	...	...	325	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	845	...	...	330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	960	...	...	350	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,110	...	...	340	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,290	...	...	355	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,795	...	...	615	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,085	...	...	590	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,325	...	...	560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,330	...	...	575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,145	...	...	565	...	...
$100,000 and over	18,505	...	...	4,100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,655	...	...	1,200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,720	...	...	835	...	...
$150,000 and over	7,125	...	...	2,070	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	33,455	...	...	7,705	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	123,891	...	...	99,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,444	...	...	88,747	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,505	...	...	1,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,772	...	...	162,304	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,119	...	...	136,265	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	18,310	...	...	4,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	146,874	...	...	110,476	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,429	...	...	98,481	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,055	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	77,346	...	...	53,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,502	...	...	52,070	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	33,445	...	...	7,705	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	138,538	...	...	121,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,201	...	...	104,373	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,525	...	...	1,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	121,811	...	...	162,943	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,787	...	...	134,556	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	18,305	...	...	4,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	161,034	...	...	132,126	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	129,608	...	...	113,780	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,015	...	...	1,700	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	83,903	...	...	72,190	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,661	...	...	64,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,065	4,085	4,980	2,705	1,580	1,130
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	54,112	60,288	50,411	61,995	50,048	78,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	45,634	50,223	43,039	54,496	45,227	66,918
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,025	4,150	4,875	2,705	1,585	1,130
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	62,913	70,810	56,189	74,013	68,372	81,933
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,749	55,409	46,781	61,196	56,528	67,748
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	115,785	56,580	59,200	35,580	18,135	17,440
In the bottom half of the distribution	30,915	14,580	16,335	19,105	9,740	9,360
In the bottom decile	4,575	2,180	2,395	5,315	2,730	2,590
In the second decile	4,615	2,130	2,480	4,460	2,250	2,210
In the third decile	5,405	2,485	2,920	3,725	1,915	1,815
In the fourth decile	7,340	3,505	3,835	2,865	1,470	1,395
In the fifth decile	8,985	4,280	4,700	2,725	1,380	1,355
In the top half of the distribution	84,865	42,005	42,860	16,475	8,390	8,085
In the sixth decile	11,380	5,480	5,895	2,285	1,195	1,085
In the seventh decile	13,725	6,680	7,040	2,420	1,250	1,175
In the eighth decile	17,230	8,520	8,715	2,555	1,290	1,260
In the ninth decile	21,310	10,590	10,720	3,180	1,635	1,550
In the top decile	21,225	10,735	10,490	6,035	3,020	3,015
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	115,780	56,585	59,200	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	28,780	14,620	14,165	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	8,520	4,340	4,180	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	72,790	35,400	37,385	0	0	0
65 years and over	14,215	6,565	7,650	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,430	2,985	3,440	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,060	1,100	960	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	615	345	270	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,570	1,580	1,990	0	0	0
65 years and over	800	310	495	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.6	5.3	5.8	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.5	6.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	7.2	7.9	6.5	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.5	5.3	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	5.6	4.7	6.5	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,825	1,855	1,970	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	1,125	610	520	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	340	200	140	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,435	1,145	1,290	0	0	0
65 years and over	260	105	160	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.3	3.3	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	4.2	3.7	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	4.0	4.6	3.3	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.2	3.5	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.6	2.1	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	115,760	56,610	59,145	35,580	18,135	17,445
Official languages	114,120	55,905	58,215	33,535	17,120	16,420
English	113,670	55,735	57,935	33,485	17,080	16,400
French	34,170	15,310	18,865	1,565	820	745
Non-official languages	32,635	15,415	17,220	28,440	14,375	14,065
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	27,345	13,815	13,530
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	30	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	15	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	15	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	27,320	13,805	13,520
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,135	525	615
Inuktitut	0	0	0	26,215	13,305	12,910
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	32,625	15,410	17,215	1,235	625	605
Afro-Asiatic languages	4,210	2,120	2,090	120	80	40
Berber languages	125	70	55	0	0	0
Kabyle	120	70	55	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	360	160	200	25	15	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	15	10	0	0	0
Somali	335	150	190	25	15	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages	3,805	1,925	1,880	85	60	30
Amharic	140	55	85	20	20	0
Arabic	3,265	1,640	1,625	55	45	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	210	150	10	10	10
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	40	15	25	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,510	650	865	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	400	170	230	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,130	490	640	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	920	330	585	215	80	130
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	90	35	50	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	60	30	30	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	90	30	55	0	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	810	285	525	200	80	125
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	470	215	250	15	0	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	410	190	220	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	990	470	520	20	10	10
Kannada	120	55	60	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	20	55	0	0	0
Tamil	745	375	365	20	15	0
Telugu	125	50	70	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15,425	7,320	8,100	565	290	275
Albanian	120	75	50	10	0	0
Armenian	60	40	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,900	1,815	2,080	75	40	35
Baltic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,855	1,795	2,055	75	45	35
Belarusan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	305	165	140	0	10	0
Bulgarian	145	70	75	10	10	0
Croatian	195	110	90	0	0	0
Czech	150	55	100	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	850	405	445	25	15	10
Russian	1,855	865	990	35	15	20
Serbian	265	145	115	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Slovak	145	60	85	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	345	155	190	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,715	805	910	150	70	75
Afrikaans	45	20	25	15	10	10
Danish	20	10	10	15	0	0
Dutch	365	145	220	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,215	600	615	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	35	0	25	10	0	0
Swedish	85	45	45	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	205	110	90	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,990	2,460	2,530	100	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages	3,825	1,875	1,950	95	50	40
Bengali	445	220	225	30	15	15
Gujarati	390	205	185	10	0	0
Hindi	1,655	795	855	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	30	20	10	0	0	0
Marathi	135	80	55	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	925	460	460	15	10	10
Sindhi	80	30	50	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	205	75	125	0	0	10
Urdu	1,155	575	580	35	20	15
Iranian languages	1,200	605	595	10	10	0
Kurdish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Pashto	140	95	45	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,110	545	570	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	20	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,860	2,220	2,640	255	125	130
Catalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	1,145	540	605	40	20	20
Portuguese	635	260	375	10	10	0
Romanian	535	255	280	10	0	0
Spanish	2,825	1,310	1,515	210	105	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	270	140	130	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	375	150	220	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	660	295	365	110	70	40
Akan (Twi)	80	40	40	10	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	45	10	35	0	0	0
Ganda	15	10	15	10	0	10
Igbo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	85	35	45	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	40	15	20	20	15	0
Swahili	160	85	75	20	15	10
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	65	30	35	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	150	50	100	50	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	265	125	135	135	60	75
American Sign Language	140	55	85	70	35	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	125	75	50	70	30	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	7,735	3,730	4,010	80	40	40
Chinese languages	7,720	3,720	4,000	75	40	40
Cantonese	1,990	945	1,040	25	10	15
Hakka	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	5,925	2,820	3,105	30	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	225	110	115	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	95	55	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	170	80	90	30	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	10	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	295	130	160	0	0	10
Lao	225	105	120	0	0	0
Thai	100	45	60	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	425	230	195	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turkish	410	220	185	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	420	245	175	20	10	10
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	120	70	50	10	10	0
Hungarian	285	165	115	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	15	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	115,760	56,610	59,145	35,580	18,140	17,440
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	109,775	53,805	55,970	35,285	17,990	17,290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	27,855	14,110	13,745	13,480	6,915	6,560
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	81,925	39,695	42,225	21,805	11,080	10,725
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,985	2,805	3,180	300	145	155
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	115,760	56,610	59,145	35,580	18,140	17,445
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	87,645	43,385	44,260	34,600	17,630	16,980
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	27,320	12,845	14,470	915	485	435
Before 1981	5,805	2,735	3,070	155	95	55
1981 to 1990	3,720	1,900	1,820	100	60	40
1991 to 2000	7,655	3,490	4,160	160	85	75
2001 to 2010	7,145	3,230	3,915	335	170	165
2001 to 2005	3,785	1,685	2,095	165	90	70
2006 to 2010	3,365	1,545	1,820	175	80	95
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,995	1,490	1,510	165	75	90
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	790	380	415	55	25	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	27,320	12,845	14,475	920	485	430
Under 5 years	3,260	1,675	1,585	100	50	55
5 to 14 years	4,165	2,025	2,145	160	95	65
15 to 24 years	4,970	2,165	2,805	165	85	75
25 to 44 years	12,475	5,910	6,565	435	225	215
45 years and over	2,450	1,070	1,375	55	35	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	27,320	12,845	14,470	920	485	430
Americas	3,275	1,495	1,775	160	75	85
Brazil	250	110	135	0	0	0
Colombia	130	50	80	0	0	0
El Salvador	135	70	70	0	0	0
Guyana	90	35	60	10	0	0
Haiti	290	135	155	0	0	0
Jamaica	235	125	110	25	10	15
Mexico	210	85	125	0	10	0
Peru	50	20	30	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	180	80	95	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,025	445	580	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Americas	685	340	345	45	25	25
Europe	7,415	3,510	3,900	195	120	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	280	150	125	0	0	0
Croatia	65	25	40	0	0	0
France	195	100	90	10	0	10
Germany	460	205	250	25	15	10
Greece	60	35	25	0	0	0
Hungary	95	55	40	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	115	60	60	0	0	0
Italy	255	125	125	10	0	10
Netherlands	245	100	145	10	0	0
Poland	560	240	315	15	10	0
Portugal	85	30	50	0	10	0
Romania	410	175	230	10	0	0
Russian Federation	595	265	330	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	125	65	60	10	0	0
Ukraine	330	170	160	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,565	1,260	1,310	80	50	30
Other places of birth in Europe	975	440	540	30	15	10
Africa	2,165	985	1,185	190	110	80
Algeria	140	65	75	0	0	0
Egypt	540	280	260	0	0	0
Ethiopia	125	60	65	20	10	10
Kenya	75	25	45	0	0	10
Morocco	70	35	40	10	10	0
Nigeria	95	55	45	30	10	15
Somalia	160	50	105	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	70	30	40	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	890	385	505	105	60	40
Asia	14,325	6,780	7,545	370	175	195
Afghanistan	255	120	135	0	0	0
Bangladesh	245	125	125	25	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	4,250	1,960	2,300	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	540	270	275	10	10	0
India	1,940	960	980	30	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	620	300	320	10	0	0
Iraq	180	95	80	0	0	0
Japan	100	35	65	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	300	130	175	10	0	10
Lebanon	560	300	255	15	15	0
Pakistan	555	290	265	30	15	15
Philippines	815	315	505	185	75	110
Sri Lanka	485	225	265	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	210	115	90	0	0	0
Taiwan	155	75	80	0	0	0
Viet Nam	960	425	535	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	2,155	1,045	1,105	35	15	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	140	75	70	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,990	1,490	1,510	165	75	90
Americas	310	145	160	35	15	15
Brazil	20	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	20	15	0	0	0	0
Haiti	50	30	20	0	0	10
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	10	0
Mexico	30	10	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	40	40	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	70	30	35	10	10	0
Europe	440	205	230	10	0	10
France	30	20	10	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	85	40	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	65	35	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	125	50	75	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	40	50	10	0	0
Africa	280	130	145	45	25	20
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	15	15	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	90	50	40	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	40	70	0	0	0
Asia	1,925	980	950	75	30	45
Afghanistan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	695	335	365	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	295	155	140	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Iraq	50	25	30	0	0	0
Israel	115	70	50	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	95	60	40	0	0	0
Philippines	150	60	90	50	20	30
Saudi Arabia	45	20	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	0	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	90	60	30	0	0	10
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	25	10	15	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	35	25	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	115	70	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	45	25	20	10	0	0
Australia	45	25	20	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	115,755	56,610	59,145	35,580	18,135	17,440
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	29,085	13,745	15,340	1,025	530	495
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	24,570	12,235	12,335	925	480	445
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	62,100	30,635	31,470	33,630	17,125	16,500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	21,885	10,295	11,595	770	390	380
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	12,520	6,415	6,105	430	210	220
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	5,355	3,745	1,610	230	115	115
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	7,165	2,670	4,495	195	90	110
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	6,010	2,190	3,820	235	115	120
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	3,210	1,635	1,575	105	65	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	145	50	95	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	115,755	56,610	59,150	35,580	18,140	17,445
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,050	1,050	1,005	30,555	15,415	15,140
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,955	1,015	940	30,495	15,385	15,105
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,160	645	515	190	90	100
Métis	770	360	410	165	85	75
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	15	30,135	15,205	14,925
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	20	15	55	20	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	65	10	50	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	113,710	55,560	58,145	5,025	2,725	2,300
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	115,760	56,610	59,145	35,580	18,140	17,440
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	555	275	280	165	75	90
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	115,205	56,340	58,865	35,410	18,060	17,355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	115,755	56,615	59,145	35,580	18,135	17,445
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	285	165	120	25,215	12,745	12,470
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	285	165	120	25,025	12,665	12,365
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	210	120	90	100	50	55
Métis single ancestry	70	45	30	40	15	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	24,890	12,600	12,290
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	190	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	165	70	95
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,830	1,900	1,930	5,205	2,595	2,610
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,755	1,855	1,895	4,985	2,495	2,495
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,730	1,365	1,360	255	140	120
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	980	485	500	65	40	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	10	35	4,665	2,315	2,355
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	40	30	215	100	115
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	30	25	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	160	75	85
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	55	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	111,645	54,545	57,100	5,160	2,795	2,365
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	115,755	56,610	59,145	35,580	18,135	17,440
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	28,845	13,780	15,065	905	450	460
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	5,975	2,890	3,090	115	60	55
Chinese	8,790	4,190	4,600	75	30	45
Black	3,575	1,745	1,830	330	180	150
Filipino	1,260	480	780	230	95	135
Latin American	1,180	570	610	40	20	20
Arab	2,815	1,450	1,370	40	30	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	2,240	1,020	1,225	30	10	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,100	575	530	10	0	10
Korean	490	210	285	10	10	10
Japanese	310	120	185	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	185	80	110	20	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	910	455	460	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	86,910	42,830	44,080	34,670	17,685	16,985
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	115,760	56,610	59,145	35,580	18,140	17,445
North American Aboriginal origins	4,115	2,065	2,050	30,420	15,340	15,075
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,005	1,525	1,485	690	345	350
Inuit	70	25	45	29,950	15,095	14,855
Métis	1,115	560	560	185	95	95
Other North American origins	34,110	17,005	17,105	1,815	960	860
Acadian	550	305	250	105	50	55
American	1,550	735	815	230	120	110
Canadian	32,700	16,300	16,400	1,305	685	630
New Brunswicker	20	10	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	65	45	15	125	70	50
Nova Scotian	30	30	10	10	0	10
Ontarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	30	20	50	40	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	77,255	37,790	39,465	8,315	4,345	3,975
British Isles origins	55,515	27,155	28,360	5,815	3,015	2,790
Channel Islander	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	28,210	13,820	14,395	1,625	825	800
Irish	29,045	13,780	15,265	1,745	895	850
Manx	25	15	10	10	0	0
Scottish	24,110	11,940	12,170	3,265	1,695	1,575
Welsh	2,335	1,175	1,160	160	85	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,570	2,090	2,475	355	200	150
French origins	20,495	9,860	10,635	1,485	785	700
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	20,495	9,860	10,635	1,475	780	695
Western European origins (except French origins)	16,005	7,955	8,050	975	470	505
Austrian	785	400	385	35	25	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	565	285	280	30	20	15
Dutch	3,870	1,915	1,955	190	90	105
Flemish	50	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	11,300	5,595	5,710	745	355	390
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	605	340	265	20	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,555	1,810	1,750	675	335	340
Danish	600	335	275	290	145	150
Finnish	730	405	330	50	25	25
Icelandic	240	110	130	30	10	25
Norwegian	900	430	470	145	70	80
Swedish	1,160	580	575	115	65	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	250	125	130	85	45	40
Eastern European origins	12,160	5,890	6,270	515	260	255
Bulgarian	185	95	95	10	10	0
Byelorussian	145	70	80	0	0	0
Czech	390	195	200	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Estonian	125	45	75	10	0	0
Hungarian	1,170	550	620	45	20	25
Latvian	115	50	70	10	0	10
Lithuanian	215	95	115	0	0	0
Moldovan	70	20	50	0	0	0
Polish	4,475	2,170	2,305	145	90	55
Romanian	905	445	460	20	10	15
Russian	2,285	1,055	1,230	100	60	40
Slovak	435	215	220	15	10	0
Ukrainian	3,735	1,855	1,875	190	90	100
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	90	50	35	30	15	15
Southern European origins	9,825	4,780	5,045	420	215	205
Albanian	135	90	50	10	0	0
Bosnian	310	170	140	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	450	250	205	10	10	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	635	290	340	20	10	0
Italian	5,630	2,755	2,875	175	95	85
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Maltese	85	40	45	0	10	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	895	425	470	115	60	55
Serbian	385	220	165	0	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	160	60	105	0	0	0
Spanish	1,680	730	945	75	35	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	145	65	80	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	960	515	445	345	190	155
Basque	40	30	15	0	0	0
Jewish	670	365	300	30	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	230	105	120	305	170	140
Caribbean origins	1,880	905	975	95	50	45
Antiguan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	120	60	55	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	30	15	15	0	10	0
Cuban	90	35	55	0	0	0
Dominican	15	0	10	10	0	0
Grenadian	20	10	10	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	505	250	255	10	0	0
Jamaican	720	345	380	40	20	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	190	80	115	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	15	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	145	65	80	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	85	50	30	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,115	985	1,130	65	30	35
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	15	35	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	115	60	60	10	0	0
Belizean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	215	85	135	0	0	0
Chilean	125	60	65	10	0	0
Colombian	210	100	110	10	0	10
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25	15	10	10	10	0
Guatemalan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	150	70	85	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Honduran	35	10	15	0	0	0
Maya	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mexican	490	225	270	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	135	55	85	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	15	0	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	110	65	50	0	0	0
Salvadorean	195	120	80	10	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	140	65	75	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	135	50	80	10	0	0
African origins	4,050	2,010	2,045	465	255	210
Central and West African origins	800	415	385	65	35	30
Akan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	55	35	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	110	65	45	15	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	175	65	115	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	220	115	105	10	10	10
Guinean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ivorian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	105	70	40	20	15	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	50	35	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0	10	0
Togolese	40	35	10	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	15	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	10	15	10	0	0
North African origins	1,365	735	630	30	15	10
Algerian	125	50	65	0	0	0
Berber	120	65	50	0	10	0
Coptic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	825	435	395	15	0	10
Libyan	85	50	35	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	110	65	45	10	10	0
Sudanese	30	20	15	0	10	0
Tunisian	75	55	20	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,305	585	715	80	60	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Burundian	95	35	60	0	0	0
Djiboutian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	45	25	25	0	10	0
Ethiopian	210	95	115	30	15	10
Harari	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kenyan	55	30	25	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Oromo	35	15	20	0	0	0
Rwandan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Seychellois	15	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	445	215	235	10	0	0
South African	120	50	70	10	0	0
Tanzanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Tigrian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ugandan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Zambian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	35	20	15	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	95	40	60	0	0	10
Other African origins	710	350	360	285	145	140
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	20	25	50	25	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	670	325	340	240	120	120
Asian origins	25,460	12,150	13,310	615	280	335
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	5,645	2,830	2,815	100	60	40
Afghan	400	220	175	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	400	190	215	10	10	0
Armenian	135	80	55	10	0	0
Assyrian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	35	0	35	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,015	470	545	20	15	0
Iraqi	270	135	135	10	0	0
Israeli	145	80	65	0	0	0
Jordanian	130	70	60	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	10	10	0	0	10
Kurd	60	45	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	1,625	795	825	40	20	15
Palestinian	565	300	265	0	0	0
Pashtun	50	30	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Syrian	395	195	200	0	0	0
Tajik	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tatar	40	20	15	0	0	0
Turk	465	260	205	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	30	20	15	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	240	115	120	0	0	0
South Asian origins	6,155	2,950	3,205	130	65	65
Bangladeshi	140	80	60	20	10	10
Bengali	110	50	55	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	4,320	2,060	2,265	65	35	35
Goan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	605	300	305	15	10	0
Punjabi	255	140	115	10	0	0
Sinhalese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	600	275	330	10	0	10
Tamil	230	110	115	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	425	225	205	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	13,985	6,485	7,500	385	155	225
Burmese	40	25	20	0	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	565	270	295	0	0	0
Chinese	9,760	4,625	5,140	115	50	70
Filipino	1,400	555	850	245	100	145
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	95	30	65	10	0	0
Japanese	400	165	240	15	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	520	220	295	10	0	0
Laotian	300	150	155	0	0	0
Malaysian	80	30	50	10	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	115	55	60	0	0	0
Thai	125	40	80	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,340	620	720	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	140	80	65	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	30	25	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	30	30	10	10	0
Oceania origins	220	115	115	15	0	0
Australian	135	70	70	10	0	0
New Zealander	45	10	35	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	30	10	0	0	0
Fijian	20	15	10	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40,910	...	...	9,820	...	...
Owner	35,390	...	...	1,960	...	...
Renter	5,515	...	...	7,860	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40,905	...	...	9,820	...	...
Condominium	4,090	...	...	265	...	...
Not condominium	36,815	...	...	9,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40,910	...	...	9,820	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	25	...	...
1 bedroom	840	...	...	1,365	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,690	...	...	3,835	...	...
3 bedrooms	19,945	...	...	3,100	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,430	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40,910	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,360	...	...	4,865	...	...
5 rooms	4,225	...	...	2,515	...	...
6 rooms	6,910	...	...	1,435	...	...
7 rooms	8,025	...	...	625	...	...
8 or more rooms	18,395	...	...	380	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.4	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40,910	...	...	9,820	...	...
One person or fewer per room	40,565	...	...	7,650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	345	...	...	2,170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40,905	...	...	9,815	...	...
Suitable	39,980	...	...	6,785	...	...
Not suitable	930	...	...	3,035	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40,910	...	...	9,820	...	...
1960 or before	495	...	...	170	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,145	...	...	2,150	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,285	...	...	1,995	...	...
1991 to 2000	9,060	...	...	2,095	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,895	...	...	860	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,535	...	...	1,285	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	5,495	...	...	1,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40,910	...	...	9,820	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,900	...	...	7,255	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,005	...	...	2,560	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40,905	...	...	9,820	...	...
1 household maintainer	19,820	...	...	6,830	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,270	...	...	2,780	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	820	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40,905	...	...	9,820	...	...
15 to 24 years	325	...	...	400	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,960	...	...	2,480	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,730	...	...	2,370	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,945	...	...	2,285	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,880	...	...	1,460	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,830	...	...	610	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,535	...	...	180	...	...
85 years and over	705	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	40,870	...	...	9,810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,580	...	...	9,240	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,290	...	...	570	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,500	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35,390	...	...	1,955	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.0	...	...	60.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,537	...	...	1,497	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,531	...	...	1,700	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	399,946	...	...	300,924	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	414,641	...	...	352,070	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,520	...	...	7,860	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.9	...	...	83.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.2	...	...	5.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,594	...	...	281	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,511	...	...	736	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	92,005	44,515	47,490	23,935	12,175	11,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,670	4,745	4,925	12,140	6,175	5,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,590	9,935	10,655	3,615	1,825	1,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	61,750	29,835	31,910	8,175	4,170	4,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,120	2,110	1,015	1,840	1,450	385
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,610	945	670	1,140	835	305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,510	1,165	345	695	615	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,825	9,125	11,700	3,580	1,530	2,050
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,560	690	865	215	95	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	36,235	17,910	18,325	2,545	1,095	1,445
Bachelor's degree	23,530	10,960	12,575	1,680	710	970
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,990	910	1,080	90	45	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	610	295	315	25	10	15
Master's degree	8,395	4,460	3,930	700	305	395
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,710	1,280	425	50	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	63,040	30,545	32,500	16,485	8,395	8,090
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,270	1,180	1,090	6,750	3,435	3,315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,545	5,295	5,255	2,405	1,265	1,140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,225	24,070	26,155	7,325	3,690	3,635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,190	1,455	735	1,595	1,255	335
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,170	695	475	995	725	265
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,015	760	260	600	530	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,645	7,460	9,185	3,185	1,345	1,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,110	495	620	200	85	115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30,285	14,665	15,620	2,355	1,005	1,345
Bachelor's degree	19,555	9,050	10,510	1,545	645	895
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,565	670	895	75	40	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	505	220	290	25	10	15
Master's degree	7,305	3,770	3,540	665	295	375
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,355	960	395	45	25	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	92,005	44,515	47,490	23,930	12,180	11,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,260	14,680	15,580	15,755	8,005	7,745
Education	3,440	680	2,760	1,005	290	715
13. Education	3,440	680	2,760	1,010	295	715
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,700	740	965	195	110	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	370	285	85	35	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,325	450	880	160	85	75
Humanities	3,095	970	2,125	370	155	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	375	50	320	105	15	85
23. English language and literature/letters	915	195	720	60	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	645	155	485	75	35	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	135	45	85	25	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	225	145	80	40	30	10
54. History	625	360	265	60	40	25
55. French language and literature/letters	175	20	155	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,825	2,840	5,990	1,010	320	690
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	10	65	180	45	135
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	840	240	600	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,315	80	1,235	310	20	290
22. Legal professions and studies	1,255	385	875	130	60	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	180	50	135	25	0	25
42. Psychology	1,545	355	1,190	60	25	35
45. Social sciences	3,615	1,725	1,890	250	140	110
Business, management and public administration	12,355	5,140	7,215	1,655	555	1,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	25	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	790	210	580	210	55	155
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,545	4,930	6,615	1,445	500	950
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,440	1,685	1,755	210	110	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,525	515	1,010	70	30	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	530	245	285	70	35	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	20	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,275	875	395	30	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	50	45	40	30	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,820	3,800	2,020	175	105	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,685	3,255	1,435	140	90	50
25. Library science	260	35	220	10	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	685	390	295	20	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	185	115	70	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,035	11,025	2,010	1,620	1,475	145
04. Architecture and related services	425	280	145	45	30	15
14. Engineering	7,400	5,960	1,445	105	90	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,810	2,480	330	310	255	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	930	905	30	715	680	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,100	1,045	50	365	350	15
48. Precision production	370	365	15	75	75	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	670	335	330	215	155	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	310	155	160	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	355	190	175	195	150	50
Health and related fields	7,050	1,405	5,645	750	195	560
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	800	365	435	110	65	40
51. Health professions and related programs	6,060	940	5,110	645	125	520
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	200	100	95	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,310	1,205	1,105	980	710	270
12. Personal and culinary services	1,130	320	810	315	110	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	130	85	45	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	830	615	210	160	130	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	150	30	505	465	40
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	63,045	30,545	32,500	16,480	8,395	8,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,815	6,475	6,340	9,155	4,700	4,455
Education	2,460	480	1,985	905	260	650
13. Education	2,460	475	1,985	905	260	650
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,330	585	745	170	95	75
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	305	230	70	30	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	1,025	350	675	140	75	70
Humanities	2,340	730	1,610	320	130	190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	310	35	275	95	15	75
23. English language and literature/letters	660	130	535	60	15	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	485	120	370	60	30	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	45	55	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	115	55	30	25	10
54. History	480	275	205	45	35	20
55. French language and literature/letters	120	10	105	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,225	2,260	4,970	900	280	615
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	10	55	140	40	100
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	665	195	470	50	25	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,030	65	960	280	20	265
22. Legal professions and studies	1,095	305	790	120	55	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	165	45	120	25	10	20
42. Psychology	1,195	260	930	55	15	35
45. Social sciences	3,020	1,385	1,640	230	125	105
Business, management and public administration	10,145	4,005	6,140	1,510	495	1,015
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	635	155	480	190	50	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,495	3,850	5,645	1,325	450	875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,600	1,160	1,445	185	95	90
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,180	360	815	65	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	410	175	240	65	25	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	940	600	340	30	15	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	30	25	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	5,325	3,535	1,795	160	95	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	4,440	3,095	1,340	135	85	50
25. Library science	170	15	160	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	530	305	225	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	185	115	75	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,810	8,965	1,850	1,410	1,285	125
04. Architecture and related services	325	195	130	45	25	15
14. Engineering	6,420	5,060	1,355	100	80	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,285	1,995	285	275	230	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	705	680	25	635	595	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	795	760	35	305	290	10
48. Precision production	275	265	10	60	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	520	250	265	190	140	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	220	95	125	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	300	160	145	175	135	45
Health and related fields	5,525	1,090	4,435	690	180	510
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	610	270	345	100	65	35
51. Health professions and related programs	4,750	745	4,005	590	115	480
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	75	90	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,940	1,015	925	865	625	245
12. Personal and culinary services	925	270	660	280	100	185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	125	80	45	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	10	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	720	530	185	140	115	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	110	30	445	410	35
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	92,005	44,515	47,490	23,930	12,175	11,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,260	14,675	15,580	15,755	8,005	7,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	61,745	29,840	31,910	8,175	4,170	4,010
Location of study inside Canada	50,475	24,430	26,050	7,645	3,900	3,745
Same as province or territory of residence	41,010	19,580	21,430	3,330	1,485	1,850
Different than province or territory of residence	9,460	4,850	4,620	4,310	2,415	1,895
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	11,270	5,410	5,865	535	270	265
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,450	825	620	120	60	55
Philippines	465	165	305	135	45	85
India	1,010	460	555	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,275	720	550	70	40	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,840	860	980	10	0	0
France	140	75	65	10	0	0
Other	5,090	2,300	2,800	180	105	75
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	63,045	30,545	32,495	16,480	8,395	8,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815	6,475	6,340	9,155	4,700	4,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,225	24,070	26,155	7,325	3,690	3,635
Location of study inside Canada	41,440	20,010	21,425	6,840	3,445	3,390
Same as province or territory of residence	33,830	16,095	17,735	2,975	1,290	1,680
Different than province or territory of residence	7,610	3,920	3,690	3,860	2,150	1,710
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,785	4,055	4,730	490	245	240
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,120	600	520	105	55	45
Philippines	425	150	275	120	40	80
India	800	360	435	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	710	385	320	60	35	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	1,455	675	775	10	0	0
France	140	75	60	0	0	0
Other	4,145	1,805	2,345	170	95	75
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	92,005	44,515	47,490	23,935	12,180	11,755
In the labour force	65,315	33,500	31,820	16,340	8,515	7,820
Employed	61,455	31,525	29,925	12,820	6,430	6,395
Unemployed	3,865	1,980	1,890	3,515	2,090	1,425
Not in the labour force	26,685	11,010	15,675	7,590	3,660	3,935
Participation rate	71.0	75.3	67.0	68.3	69.9	66.5
Employment rate	66.8	70.8	63.0	53.6	52.8	54.4
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.9	5.9	21.5	24.5	18.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	92,005	44,515	47,490	23,935	12,175	11,755
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	24,615	10,125	14,490	7,420	3,600	3,815
Worked	67,390	34,385	33,000	16,515	8,575	7,935
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	39,135	21,855	17,275	7,760	4,035	3,720
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	28,255	12,530	15,725	8,755	4,540	4,215
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.1	44.9	43.2	38.0	37.6	38.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	65,320	33,500	31,815	16,335	8,520	7,825
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,215	615	595	1,385	740	650
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	64,105	32,885	31,220	14,955	7,780	7,170
Employee	58,430	29,770	28,660	14,505	7,485	7,020
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,675	3,115	2,565	445	295	150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	65,320	33,505	31,815	16,340	8,515	7,825
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,215	615	595	1,390	735	650
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	64,105	32,885	31,220	14,955	7,780	7,170
0 Management occupations	8,340	5,190	3,150	1,400	850	550
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,025	3,410	7,610	2,205	610	1,590
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	12,045	9,260	2,780	455	355	100
3 Health occupations	3,890	790	3,100	450	65	385
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,290	3,105	6,185	3,310	1,045	2,265
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,020	855	1,160	570	285	285
6 Sales and service occupations	12,565	5,975	6,585	3,505	1,690	1,815
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,715	3,430	285	2,565	2,435	130
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	425	365	65	300	275	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	790	495	295	205	165	45
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	65,320	33,500	31,815	16,340	8,515	7,820
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,215	620	595	1,385	735	650
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	64,105	32,885	31,220	14,955	7,780	7,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	120	70	50	155	145	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	40	10	595	440	160
22 Utilities	180	135	40	285	240	40
23 Construction	2,500	2,145	360	930	815	115
31-33 Manufacturing	3,195	2,220	975	150	100	50
41 Wholesale trade	2,180	1,595	585	105	80	25
44-45 Retail trade	6,800	3,430	3,370	1,720	835	885
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,360	995	365	795	625	175
51 Information and cultural industries	2,230	1,560	670	195	110	85
52 Finance and insurance	2,215	985	1,230	115	30	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	960	435	525	495	335	165
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,350	6,230	3,120	290	155	135
55 Management of companies and enterprises	60	30	30	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,205	1,280	930	385	245	135
61 Educational services	5,130	1,325	3,805	1,840	520	1,315
62 Health care and social assistance	6,455	1,185	5,265	1,245	220	1,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,175	575	600	285	175	110
72 Accommodation and food services	3,545	1,575	1,975	565	220	345
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,125	760	1,365	460	255	205
91 Public administration	12,265	6,320	5,945	4,345	2,240	2,105
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	61,455	31,525	29,930	12,820	6,425	6,395
Worked at home	4,695	2,260	2,435	385	215	170
Worked outside Canada	270	190	80	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,130	2,800	1,325	945	815	135
Worked at usual place	52,355	26,270	26,090	11,485	5,395	6,090
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	52,360	26,270	26,085	11,485	5,395	6,090
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	48,775	24,390	24,385	11,050	5,110	5,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	350	235	120
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,455	780	675	30	20	10
Commute to a different province or territory	2,130	1,100	1,030	50	35	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	56,490	29,075	27,415	12,430	6,210	6,225
Car, truck, van - as a driver	41,495	22,400	19,095	3,605	2,135	1,470
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,550	1,130	2,420	2,225	1,045	1,175
Public transit	8,810	4,065	4,745	105	50	50
Walked	1,655	840	815	5,495	2,395	3,100
Bicycle	510	420	90	20	15	10
Other method	470	220	255	995	565	430
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	56,490	29,075	27,415	12,430	6,210	6,225
Less than 15 minutes	14,080	7,160	6,920	10,585	5,255	5,330
15 to 29 minutes	17,735	9,375	8,360	1,330	625	705
30 to 44 minutes	12,395	6,375	6,015	145	60	80
45 to 59 minutes	7,105	3,665	3,445	60	45	20
60 minutes and over	5,180	2,510	2,670	315	230	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	56,490	29,075	27,415	12,430	6,210	6,220
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,330	1,540	785	135	110	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,895	5,895	5,005	580	425	160
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,795	8,025	8,770	2,060	1,365	690
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,060	6,675	6,390	6,595	2,860	3,735
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,700	3,535	3,170	1,545	765	780
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,715	3,410	3,305	1,510	685	830
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	68,805	35,070	33,735	17,000	8,780	8,215
Single responses	66,865	34,270	32,595	16,715	8,635	8,080
Official languages	66,515	34,100	32,410	12,215	6,465	5,745
English	65,110	33,720	31,385	12,145	6,430	5,710
French	1,410	380	1,030	70	40	35
Non-official languages	350	165	185	4,500	2,170	2,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,475	2,155	2,320
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	4,475	2,160	2,320
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Inuktitut	0	0	0	4,450	2,155	2,300
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	350	165	185	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	30	65	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	30	55	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	25	55	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	45	10	30	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	10	10
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	20	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	140	70	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,935	805	1,135	285	145	140
English and French	1,540	635	900	15	10	10
English and non-official language	365	150	220	270	135	135
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	68,805	35,070	33,735	17,000	8,780	8,220
None	58,175	30,490	27,685	7,360	4,060	3,295
English	1,145	335	805	3,665	1,705	1,960
French	8,435	3,710	4,725	355	210	140
Non-official language	975	505	470	5,560	2,770	2,785
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5,520	2,760	2,765
Non-Aboriginal	975	505	470	40	10	25
English and French	10	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	65	35	35	55	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	114,500	55,965	58,535	34,880	17,750	17,125
Non-movers	101,865	49,745	52,115	29,485	15,105	14,375
Movers	12,635	6,215	6,420	5,400	2,640	2,750
Non-migrants	8,610	4,290	4,325	3,560	1,760	1,800
Migrants	4,020	1,925	2,090	1,835	885	955
Internal migrants	2,915	1,415	1,495	1,785	865	925
Intraprovincial migrants	1,645	780	865	795	380	415
Interprovincial migrants	1,265	635	630	990	480	510
External migrants	1,110	515	600	50	20	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	108,820	53,255	55,565	31,435	16,015	15,420
Non-movers	69,045	33,705	35,345	18,455	9,575	8,880
Movers	39,775	19,550	20,225	12,975	6,440	6,535
Non-migrants	27,330	13,455	13,875	8,745	4,355	4,395
Migrants	12,440	6,095	6,345	4,235	2,085	2,150
Internal migrants	8,810	4,335	4,475	4,045	2,005	2,040
Intraprovincial migrants	5,010	2,425	2,585	1,510	755	755
Interprovincial migrants	3,800	1,910	1,885	2,535	1,250	1,285
External migrants	3,630	1,760	1,875	185	80	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kanata [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kanata [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kanata [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kanata [Population centre], Ontario and Nunavut [Territory]